2019年高中英语Module1 Basketball（教案练习）（打包10套）（含解析）外研版选修7

Module 1 Basketball
Peach Baskets and Soccer Balls
Dr. James Naismith, an educator, physician, and minister, is responsible for the history of basketball. He developed the game when he served as an instructor at the Y．M.C.A.Training School in Springfield Massachusetts in 1891. Students needed a form of indoor activity during the winter months，so Naismith combined football, soccer and hockey to develop the sport. He attached wooden peach baskets to the walls as goals. The ball needed to be retrieved (取回，重新得到) from the basket after each successful shot. Often, spectators (观众) would interfere with shots. Thus, the backboard was introduced in 1906.
College Teams and Professional Leagues
The game became popular, and soon, schools across the U．S. and Canada adopted its use as a form of physical activity. During World War Ⅱ， U．S. armed forces played pick?up games that drew crowds of locals, introducing the game to an international crowd.
Although many colleges in the U．S. formed teams during the late 1890s, interest grew when college teams met in Madison Square Garden in New York City. Once established as a major college sport, interest in the game extended (扩大) to the professional ranks.
The National Basketball League formed in 1898. Its purpose: prevent player exploitation (剥削) and promote a safe game. This organization lasted a mere (仅仅) five years. Other leagues shot up, but in 1949, the NBL joined the Basketball Association of America to form the NBA — National Basketball Association.
First College Basketball Game
The first ever college basketball game was played on January 18, 1896, when the University of Iowa invited student athletes from the new University of Chicago for an experimental game. Final score: Chicago 15, Iowa 12, a bit different from the hundred?point scores of today.
In 1963, college games were first broadcast on national TV, but it wasn't until the 1980s that sports fans ranked basketball up there with football and baseball
Section ⅠIntroduction & Reading—Pre?reading


Michael Jordan
— Head and Shoulders Above the Rest!
During the 1990s, Michael Jordan was probably the best?known① athlete in the world. He was the top scorer② in the NBA, and played for the Chicago Bulls from 1984 to 1993. He was named their most valued③ player five times. Wearing his famous number 23 shirt④， Michael Jordan became the most successful basketball player in the history of⑤ the game.
Jordan was born in New York and grew up⑥ in North Carolina. He attended⑦ the University of North Carolina for a year before leaving to join the Chicago Bulls. He finished his first season (1984－1985) as one of the top scorers in the league, with an average of⑧ 28.2 points per⑨ game.
In 1987, Jordan became only the second player to score⑩ more than 3,000 points in a season. He was the top scorer in the NBA for seven consecutive? seasons (1987－1993). During this time, the average number of points he scored? was more than 30 points per game. With him, the Bulls won their first NBA championship in 1991. During this successful period they won the title? again in 1992 and 1993. Jordan was also in the United States Olympic Basketball Team, known as “the Dream Team”， which won the gold medal? at the 1992 Olympics in Barcelona, Spain?.
①best?known(＝most well?known)最著名的
well?known著名的
②scorer/'sk??r?/n.(进球得分的)运动员
the top scorer顶尖球员
③valued/'v?lju?d/adj.有价值的
valuable adj.贵重的，有价值的
valueless adj.无价值的；没有用的
value vt.重视，珍惜n.价值
④现在分词短语Wearing his famous number 23 shirt作状语。
⑤in the history of在……历史上
⑥grow up成长，长大　grown?up成年人
⑦attend/?'tend/v.上(学)
attend to处理，照料
⑧with an average of平均为……
⑨per/p?/prep.每
⑩the＋序数词＋n.＋to do第几个做……的……
?consecutive/k?n'sekj?tIv/adj.连续的，不间断的
?he scored是省略了that/which的定语从句。
?title/'taItl/n.(重大体育比赛中的)冠军
title的常见意思是“头衔，称号；标题”。
?gold medal金牌
silver medal银牌　bronze medal铜牌
?过去分词短语known as ...作后置定语，意思是“被称为，作为……而闻名”。
which won the gold medal ...是非限制性定语从句，修饰“the Dream Team”。
迈克尔·乔丹——篮坛超人！
[第1～3段译文]
20世纪90年代，迈克尔·乔丹可能是世界上最著名的运动员。他是NBA的顶尖球员，1984年到1993年间效力于芝加哥公牛队。他5次荣膺最有价值球员称号。身着著名的23号球衣，迈克尔·乔丹成为篮球运动史上最成功的球员。
乔丹出生于纽约，在北卡罗来纳州长大。在加入芝加哥公牛队之前，他在北卡罗来纳大学学习了一年。在第一个赛季(1984－1985)，他就以平均每场28.2分的成绩成为联盟得分最高的球员之一。
1987年，乔丹成为仅有的第二个在一个赛季中得分超过3 000分的球员。以后连续七个赛季(1987－1993)，他都是NBA的顶尖球员。这期间，他每场比赛的平均得分超过30分。有了他的加入，公牛队在1991年首次获得NBA冠军。在这段日子里，捷报频传，他们在1992年和1993年又蝉联了冠军。乔丹也是人称“梦之队”的美国奥林匹克篮球队的成员，这支球队在1992年西班牙巴塞罗那奥运会上获得了金牌。


Jordan surprised everyone when he retired? before the 1993－1994 season, but he rejoined the Chicago Bulls and won three more? championships with them from 1996 to 1998. He played again for the Washington Wizards before finally retiring from sport in 2003 at the age of 40. Millions of fans admire? his athletic ability, motivation? and confidence. They have fantastic stories to tell about Michael Jordan, such as the time? when he rescued the Bulls from ending a game on a tie.He stepped to the line and made two free throws. Each time he threw the ball straight through the basket — and each time he had his eyes closed.
Off the basketball court， Michael Jordan opened his own steak restaurant because he loves steak so much. He also found success as an actor in the film Space Jam alongside the famous cartoon character Bugs Bunny!
There is only one word to describe the best player in the world — awesome！
?retire v．退役；退休
retire from从……退役(休)
?three more＝another three又三个，再三次
?admire v．钦佩，羡慕
admire sb. for (doing) sth.羡慕某人(做)某事
?motivation/?m??tI'veI?n/n.动力
motivate vt.激发，使有动机
?when引导定语从句，修饰先行词time。
rescue v．营救，拯救
rescue ...from ...把……从某种状况下解救出来
tie/taI/n.平局
the line罚球线
straight adv.直接；挺直 adj.直的；笔直的
had his eyes closed是“have＋宾语＋宾补”结构。
court/k??t/n.球场
steak/steIk/n.牛排
alongside/?'l???saId/prep.靠着；并排
awesome/'??s?m/adj.了不起的
awful adj.可怕的　awfully adv.可怕地；非常
[第4～6段译文]
1993－1994赛季之前乔丹退役，引起举世震惊，但后来他又回到了芝加哥公牛队，并和队友们一起在1996年到1998年间又获得了三次冠军。2003年40岁的乔丹在最终退出体坛前，还曾效力于华盛顿奇才队。数百万的球迷们都很钦佩乔丹的运动才能、动力和自信。他们可以讲述很多关于迈克尔·乔丹的传奇故事，例如一次他在比赛的关键时刻拯救了公牛队，从而避免比赛打成平局等等。他走向罚球线罚了两次球。每次他都把球直接投进篮筐——而且每次都是闭着眼睛投进去的。
离开篮坛，迈克尔·乔丹开了一家自己的牛排餐厅，因为他很爱吃牛排。在和著名卡通人物宾尼兔一起演出的影片《空中大灌篮》中，他也获得了成功！
对于这位世界上最优秀的球员，只有一个词能用来形容他——了不起！
Wilt the Stilt — the Tower of Power!
Michael Jordan was the second player to score more than 3,000 points in a season — but the first was Wilt Chamberlain. Chamberlain was born in Philadelphia on 21st August 1936. He was one of the 11 children, the only one who was very tall. His father William worked in a shipyard and his mother Olivia was a cleaner. As a child， Chamberlain had various health problems. He had pneumonia and almost died when he was ten.
Chamberlain is the only NBA player who averaged over 50 points per game for an entire season. At one point， Chamberlain was so much better than all the other players that they changed the rules of the game to try to stop him！
who was very tall是定语从句，修饰the only one。
shipyard/'?Ipja?d/n.造(修)船厂；船坞
As a child＝When/As/While he was a child当他还小的时候。
various/'ve?ri?s/adj.各种各样的；不同的
variety n．多样化，种类　a variety of各种各样的
vary v．变化，改变 　　vary with随……而变化
vary from不同于
average/'?v?rId?/v.平均的；n.平均数
on (the) average平均来看
entire/In'taI?/adj.全部的；整个的
at one point曾经，一度　at one time曾经，一度
stop v．阻止，限制
stop sb. (from) doing sth.阻止某人做某事
so ...that ...如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句。
高跷威尔特——神力之巅！
[第1～2段译文]
迈克尔·乔丹是一个赛季中得分超过3 000分的第二人——但是第一人是威尔特·张伯伦。张伯伦于1936年8月21日出生于费城。他是家里11个孩子中唯一一个长得很高的。父亲威廉在造船厂干活，母亲奥莉维亚是一名清洁工。孩童时的张伯伦有各种各样的健康问题。他得过肺炎，10岁时差点儿死去。
张伯伦是整个赛季中平均每场得分超过50分的唯一一名NBA球员。曾几何时，张伯伦比其他所有球员都优秀得多，以至于他们改变了比赛规则来试图限制他！
The giant player joined the NBA's Philadelphia Warriors in the 1959－1960 season and was an immediate success. During 14 seasons with four different teams, Chamberlain was named the most valued player in the league four times. On 2nd March 1962, he scored 100 points in a single game — no one has ever done that since！ The final score was Warriors 169 New York Knicks 147!
He ended his career after five amazing seasons with the Los Angeles Lakers. By the time he retired， Wilt held many NBA records: he scored 50 or more points 118 times and 60 or more points 32 times.
Was Wilt Chamberlain better than Michael Jordan? Who knows? But there is no doubt that he deserves the title “outstanding player of his generation”．
giant n．巨人，伟人adj.特大的，巨大的
immediate/I'mi?di?t/adj.立刻的；即刻的
success n．成功
此处是抽象名词具体化，表示“一名成功的运动员”。
name v．命名为
name after以……命名
since是副词，与完成时连用，表示在过去的某一时间以后，在现在以前。
career n．职业
amazing adj.令人惊异的　amazed adj.惊讶的
by the time ...到……时候，引导时间状语从句。
hold/h??ld/v.保持
hold a record保持纪录
there is no doubt that ...毫无疑问……
that he deserves the title ...是同位语从句，对no doubt进行解释和说明。
deserve/dI'z??v/v.应得；值得
outstanding/a?t'st?ndI?/adj.杰出的；优秀的；出色的
generation/?d?en?'reI?n/n.一代人
[第3～5段译文]
1959－1960赛季间，这位篮球巨人加盟NBA费城勇士队并立即获得成功。在为4支不同球队效力的14个赛季期间，张伯伦4次被评为联盟最有价值的球员。1962年3月2日，他单场比赛得了100分——迄今为止还没有人打破这一纪录！最后的比分是勇士169对纽约尼克斯147！
在加盟洛杉矶湖人队度过了5个令人惊异的赛季后，威尔特结束了他的职业生涯。一直到退役，威尔特还保持着多项NBA纪录：118次单场比赛得50分或50分以上，32次得60分或60分以上。
威尔特·张伯伦比迈克尔·乔丹优秀吗？谁知道呢？但是毫无疑问，他无愧于“一代杰出球员”这一称号。

Pre?reading
Please match the words with their proper meanings.
1．average　　　A．to go regularly to a place
2．immediate B．to protect your own goal to stop your opponents from scoring
3．deserve C．someone who plays a sport as a job rather than for enjoyment
4．hold　 D．all people of about the same age
5．generation　 E．to keep sb./sth.in a particular position
6．professional F．to have earned something by good or bad actions or behavior
7．defend G．happening or done now, without any delay
8．attend H．the result of adding several amounts together, finding a total, and dividing the total by the number of amounts
1～4　 　5～8　
答案：1～4　HGFE　5～8　DCBA
Lead?in
(Ⅰ)Are you familiar with the following players？Please write out their names.

答案：(1)Yao Ming　(2)Yi Jianlian　(3)Michael Jordan
(4)Jeremy Shu?How Lin　(5)Wilt Chamberlain
(6)Kobe Bryant
(Ⅱ)Do you know NBA? What does NBA stand for?
　参考答案：Yes.NBA stands for the National Basketball Association.
While?reading
Fast?reading
(Ⅰ)Skim the two texts and complete the following sentence.
The passage introduces two famous players ever playing in the NBA.
(Ⅱ) Read the two texts and match the main idea with each paragraph.　
Text 1　Michael Jordan
1．Para.1　A．Michael Jordan opened his own restaurant and even acted in a film.
2．Para.2 B．There is only one word to describe Michael Jordan (the best player in the world) — awesome!
3．Para.3 C．Michael Jordan became the top scorer in the NBA in his first season (1984－1985).
4．Para.4 D．During the 1990s, Michael Jordan was probably the best?known athlete in the world.
5．Para.5 E．Michael Jordan, the second player to score more than 3,000 points in a season, made contributions to the Bulls and the United States Olympic Basketball Team.
6．Para.6 F．Michael Jordan, who once retired from the sport, rejoined the Bulls and was admired by his fans.
1～6　
答案： 1～6　DCEFAB
Text 2　Wilt Chamberlain
1．Para.1　　A．Wilt Chamberlain played for four teams and was named the MVP.
2．Para.2 B．Wilt Chamberlain held his own records.
3．Para.3 C．Wilt Chamberlain deserves the title “outstanding player of his generation”.
4．Para.4 D．Wilt Chamberlain, the first player to score more than 3,000 points in a season, used to have various health problems in his childhood.
5．Para.5 E．Wilt Chamberlain was much better than all the other players of his generation.
1～5　
答案： 1～5　DEABC
Careful?reading
Read the text again and choose the best answers.
1．How many NBA championships did the Bulls win with Michael Jordan?
A．3.　　　　　　　 B．4.
C．5. D．6.
2．Which of the following statements about Wilt Chamberlain is NOT true?
A．He was born in Philadelphia.
B．He scored 60 or more points 118 times.
C．He was not strong when he was young.
D．He scored 100 points in a single game.
3．Why did the other NBA players change the rules of the game to try to stop Chamberlain?
A．Because he didn't play according to the rules.
B．Because he was very tall and strong.
C．Because he was named the most valued player.
D．Because he always played best in the game.
4．Who is better, Wilt Chamberlain or Michael Jordan according to the passages?
A．Wilt Chamberlain is better than Michael Jordan.
B．Michael Jordan is better than Wilt Chamberlain.
C．The author doesn't mention it.
D．Wilt Chamberlain is no better than Michael Jordan.
答案：1～4　DBDC
Study?reading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．Jordan was also in the United States Olympic Basketball Team, known as “the Dream Team”， which won the gold medal at the 1992 Olympics in Barcelona, Spain.
[句式分析]　本句是一个复合句，“which won the gold medal at the 1992 Olympics in Barcelona, Spain”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“the Dream Team”； “known as ‘the Dream Team’”为过去分词短语作定语。
[尝试翻译]　乔丹也是人称“梦之队”的美国奥林匹克篮球队的成员，这支球队在1992年西班牙巴塞罗那奥运会上获得了金牌。
2．Jordan surprised everyone when he retired before the 1993－1994 season, but he rejoined the Chicago Bulls and won three more championships with them from 1996 to 1998.
[句式分析]　

[尝试翻译]　1993－1994赛季之前乔丹退役，引起举世震惊，但他后来又回到了芝加哥公牛队，并和队友们一起在1996到1998年间又获得了三次冠军。

Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
When Phil Ford was six years old, his father cut the bottom out of a barrel (桶) and nailed it to a backboard and a pole behind their house that was about seven or eight feet tall.That was the beginning of Phil Ford's love story with basketball.
By his junior year in high school the attention was pouring in.And by his senior year he had been called by over 350 schools.Ford narrowed his choices down to NC State and North Carolina (UNC), and in the end UNC won, due to the relationship he had developed with Coach Dean Smith.
During Ford's four years at UNC, he was the first freshman (大一新生) to start in the first game of his North Carolina career under Dean Smith.That season, his team won the ACC Tournament Championship, and Ford also became the first freshman in ACC history to win the MVP award for the Tournament. He went on to start on the Olympic team that won gold in Montreal during his second college year and continued to stand out at Carolina until he became UNC's all?time leading scorer with 2,290 points by the end of his career.That amazing achievement was only passed by Tyler Hansbrough over 30 years later.
Ford's career was further honored by being named a winner of the John R. Wooden Award, awarded to the nation's top players.Only three other North Carolina players — Michael Jordan, Antawn Jamison, and Tyler Hansbrough — have received the honor. Soon after, Ford was chosen as the second overall pick in the first round of the NBA to the Kansas City Kings.
He spent seven years in the NBA before retiring and spending time in the banking world.Ford rejoined UNC as a part of the coaching staff under Coach Smith in 1988 while becoming Coach Bill Guthridge's first assistant when Smith retired in 1997.
He is now devoted to helping fight against childhood obesity through the Phil Ford Foundation (基金会), alongside expert Dr.Eliana Perrin.The foundation, like UNC, is something that is close to Ford's heart.
语篇解读：菲尔·福特是美国20世纪七八十年代一位非常著名的篮球运动员，现在他投身于基金会的工作。
1．How was Phil Ford's performance in basketball games as a freshman at UNC?
A．It was disappointing in the end.
B．It was amazing on the whole.
C．It was disappointing at first.
D．It was better than expected.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段的“That season, his team won the ACC Tournament Championship, and Ford also became the first freshman in ACC history to win the MVP award for the Tournament.”可推断，他当时的表现一直很优异，故选B项。
2．What does that amazing achievement mentioned in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Winning a gold medal in the Olympics.
B．Scoring 2,290 points during his career.
C．Becoming the best all?time leading scorer in the US.
D．Joining the American Olympic basketball team as a college student.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段的“he became UNC's all?time leading scorer with 2,290 points by the end of his career.That amazing achievement was only passed by Tyler Hansbrough over 30 years later”可知，这一成就是指在职业生涯中得分2 290分，故选B项。
3．By mentioning such players as Michael Jordan, the author wants to show that .
A．North Carolina had many top players
B．Phil Ford became an NBA player for a reason
C．Phil Ford was a successful basketball player
D．Phil Ford was encouraged by these excellent players
解析：选C　推理判断题。菲尔·福特和迈克尔·乔丹等另外三位球员是北卡罗来纳州仅有的四位获John R. Wooden Award的球员，作者通过这一点想表明菲尔·福特是一位成功的篮球运动员。
4．What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?
A．The foundation also means a lot to Ford.
B．Both the foundation and UNC are famous.
C．Phil Ford loves working in the banking world.
D．Phil Ford is really anxious about childhood obesity.
解析：选A　句意理解题。根据语境可知，和UNC一样，那个基金会对于菲尔·福特而言非常有意义，故选A项。
B
Have you ever wondered how your favorite NBA team received its famous name? All NBA teams have an interesting story or a history behind their names. Some of the names reflected the city's culture or history, others came from previous owners and many were selected through “Name the Team” contests.
For teams like Los Angeles and Utah, the names were not always a reflection of the city. Even though Los Angeles has no lakes, the Laker name has been a city treasure for almost 40 years. Before going to Los Angeles, the team originated in Minneapolis, Minnesota. In 1948, team officials chose the name for its direct relationship to the state's motto, “The Land of 10,000 Lakes”. The team name went unchanged after moving to Los Angeles in 1960.
Because Utah's team originated in New Orleans, Louisiana, it was called the Jazz. In 1974, New Orleans club officials chose the name to represent the city for its reputation as the “jazz capital of the world”. The name stayed with the team even after finding a new home in Salt Lake City, Utah in 1979.
The Chicago Bulls' original owner, Richard Klein, named the team the Bulls. He picked the name because a fighting bull is relentless (不屈不挠的) and never quits. Klein, who founded the club in 1966, believed these qualities were necessary for a championship team and hoped his Chicago athletes would live up to the team name.
Miami chose the Heat from names such as the Sharks, Beaches, and Barracudas. The name Magic was the winner for the Orlando team because the city's tourism slogan is “Come to the Magic.”
Tradition played a big part in naming the New York Knicks. Chosen by the club's founder Ned Irish, the Knicks' name was already important in New York's history. The first organized team in baseball history was named the New York Knickerbockers or the Knickerbockers Nine.
In 1967, the Indian Pacers selected their team name in a different way from most other teams. Their decision was based on what they wanted to accomplish in the NBA. Team officials chose the Pacers name because the organization wanted to set the “pace” in professional basketball.
语篇解读：本文主要讲述了NBA一些球队的名字的起源和它们的含义。
5．Which of the names reflects the culture of the city New Orleans.
A．The Jazz.　　　　　 B．The Indian Pacers.
C．The Heat. D．The Sharks.
解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第三段的“In 1974, New Orleans club officials chose the name to represent the city for its reputation as the ‘jazz capital of the world’．”可知。
6．According to Paragraph 2, we know .
A．the Laker team was first set up in Los Angeles
B．Los Angeles is famous for its lakes
C．Minnesota is a state with a lot of lakes
D．the Laker team has been in Los Angeles for less than 40 years
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，湖人队是1948年在Minnesota (明尼苏达州)建立的，这个州有很多湖泊，所以给这个队命名为the Laker。1960年这个队迁到Los Angeles (洛杉矶)，洛杉矶没有湖泊。由此可知选C。
7．Richard Klein named the team the Bulls because he hoped his team would .
A．be as strong as bulls
B．set the “pace” in professional basketball
C．be Number 1 forever
D．keep fighting and never give up
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段的“He picked the name because a fighting bull is relentless(不屈不挠的)and never quits.”可知。
8．How did the Heat get the name?
A．It was named by its original owner.
B．It was named after Miami's motto.
C．It came from the names of other teams.
D．Its owner camp up with the name by accident.
解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第五段的“Miami chose the Heat from names such as the Sharks, Beaches, and Barracudas.”可知选C。
C
BEAVERTON, Ore.— Jaime Nared is nearly 6?foot?1 and blessed with Michael Jordan?style skills. In games, she can more than hold her own against the boys, dropping three?pointers and sometimes scoring 30 points or more.
And there, according to her coach, lies the problem.
“She's so good，” Michael Abraham said. “She makes the boys look like scrubs (灌木丛)．” So she has been told she can no longer play on boys' teams at the Hoop, a private Beaverton basketball facility that runs a league in which Abraham's teams compete.
The trouble started last month, when some parents told the Hoop management they didn't like Jaime playing with the boys. Hoop officials informed Abraham that Jaime, after years on one of his boys' teams, was refused. Neal Franzer, the Hoop's director of operations, said Thursday that the parents were adamant (坚决的) but their complaints had nothing to do with Jaime's skills.
“They said the problem was that the boys were playing differently against her because she was a girl，” he said. “They'd been taught not to push a girl, and the focus had changed from playing basketball to noticing a girl was on the floor with them.”
Hoop officials e?mailed Abraham to remind him of the rules. Abraham, Jaime and her parents didn't buy it.“I think the complaints come from parents who don't like seeing a girl that good playing against their sons，” Abraham said.
Jaime, who said she “fell in love” with basketball when she was 8, likes the boys' team because boys play a fast?paced game.
Jaime's mum, Reiko Williams, said the issue boiled over after a particular game. “She scored 30 points，” Williams said. “I remember one play. She stole the ball and made a behind?the?back pass to a teammate. He missed the lay?in, and she grabbed the rebound and put it in. I think it was just too much for some of those parents.”
语篇解读：本文主要讲述了一个拥有极高篮球天赋的女孩Jaime Nared的故事。
9.According to the passage, Michael Abraham is .
A．Jaime Nared's father
B．Jaime Nared's coach
C．Jaime Nared's teammate
D．the Hoop's director of operations
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，Michael Abraham指导的球队参加了这一比赛，可见Abraham是Jaime Nared的教练。
10．Jaime Nared's problem lies in that .
A．she takes advantage of the boys
B．she can't keep pace with the boys
C．she doesn't obey the rules of basketball
D．she plays even better than her boy teammates
解析：选D　细节理解题。从第一段和最后一段都可以看出， Jaime Nared遇到的难题是她的球技高超，甚至胜过男孩子。
11．Jaime Nared was refused by the boys' teams because .
A．she was too rude on the court
B．she had better skills than the boys
C．the boys didn't like to play with a girl
D．the boys couldn't get focused when playing with her
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第五段可知，男队员的父母反对Jaime Nared 跟男孩子一块打球，原因是男孩子总注意到在跟一个女孩打球，精力不能集中，影响了他们的发挥。
12．We can infer from the passage that .
A．Jaime Nared has great talent in basketball
B．Jaime Nared has played basketball for nearly ten years
C．Jaime Nared doesn't know how to defend while playing　
D．Jaime Nared's mother doesn't want her daughter to play with boys
解析：选A　推理判断题。从第一段和最后一段都可以看出Jaime Nared球技高超，很有篮球天赋。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Children are addicted to smartphones. 1 They can be playing games live with others elsewhere in the world, updating their status on social media, sending friends text messages or looking for the latest app to download to their smartphones.
2 He's the headmaster of the Old Hall School in Wellington, in the west of England.He was so concerned
that he challenged his students to take part in a week of “digital detox (数码产品戒毒期)”．
Strott told the local newspaper, The Shropshire Star, that he encourages the pupils to know about computers from a young age. 3 He said this over?dependence on digital devices was destroying family time and that children are missing messages from body language from those around them.
According to the headmaster, the parents are happy with this challenge. 4 For nine?year?old Fred, the “digital detox” experience was “really hard”．He used to spend around two hours on his little thing at home after school and around 12 hours on weekends. 5 He said that he would probably engage in different activities from now on but he did miss his phone and online games.
A．This worried Martin Strott.
B．But what about the children?
C．There are a lot of after?school activities in the US.
D．Some spend up to six hours a day on their little things.
E．Do you spend too many hours on your digital devices?
F．During this week, he spends the time playing outside, especially basketball.
G．But he is also concerned that too much screen time will affect the development of their social skills.
语篇解读：青少年每天在智能手机上花费大量的时间，一位担忧的校长向学生们提出了“数码产品戒毒期”这一挑战。
1．选D　根据下文“They can be playing games live with others ... download to their smart phones.”可知本段讲述青少年学生每天花费大量的时间在智能手机上，故选D项。
2．选A　根据下文“He's the headmaster of ...”可知，此空要提到这位校长，A项“This worried Martin Strott.”又可呼应上文，说明Martin Strott校长对学生沉迷于手机的现状很忧虑。
3．选G　根据上文“Martin Strott”校长鼓励学生早了解电脑及下文他提到过于依赖电子产品的危害可知，此处应表示转折含义，指对数码产品关注太多会影响他们社交能力的发展，故选G项。
4．选B　根据上文“the parents are happy with this challenge”和下文提到的学生“Fred”可知，此处应承上启下，家长对这种方法很满意，那么孩子们的反应怎么样呢？故选B项。
5．选F　此空与上文“He used to spend around two hours on his little thing at home after school and around 12 hours on weekends.”进行对比，说明弗雷德现在把原来玩手机的时间花在了打篮球等运动上，故选F项。










16









Section Ⅱ Introduction & Reading — Language Points

一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对 记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇 1.defend v．　　　　　防守 2.hold v. 保持 3.attend v. 上(学) 4.average n. 平均数 5.entire adj. 全部的；整个的 6.deserve v. 应得；值得 7.outstanding adj. 杰出的；优秀的；出色的 8.generation n. 一代人 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 1.talented adj.有天资的；有才能的→talent n．天赋，才华；天资，天才 2.professional n．职业球员→profession n．职业 3.valued adj.有价值的→value n．价值，估价，评价→valuable adj.值钱的，有价值的 4.various adj.各种各样的→vary v．变化，不同→variety n．多样化，种类 5.immediate adj.立刻的；即刻的→immediately adv.立刻地；立即；马上 1.defend v．防守 [近义]　①protect v．　　　 保护 ②guard v. 看守，保卫 2.attend v．上(学) [联想]　①attempt v. 企图，尝试 ②present adj. 出席的，到场的 3.entire adj.全部的；整个的 [联想]　由entire想到的 ①complete adj. 完整的 ②total adj. 总的，全体的，完全的 ③whole adj. 全部的，整体的 4.deserve v．应得，值得 [联想]　表示“值得的”形容词一览 ①worth 值得的；值钱的 ②worthy 有价值的；可尊敬的；值得的 ③worthwhile 值得(做)的 5.talented adj.有天资的；有才能的 [同义]　gifted adj. 有天赋的，有才华的 6.immediate adj.立即的；即刻的 [同义]　instant adj. 立即的，即时的




二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语 多积常用词块
1.in the history of　　　在……的历史上 2.grow up 成长，长大 3.with an average of ... 平均为…… 4.rescue ... from ... 把……从某种状况下解救出来 5.at one point 一度，曾经 1.during the 1990s　　　　 在20世纪90年代2.win the gold medal 赢得金牌 3.retire from sport 从体坛退役 4.at the age of 40 在40岁时 5.an immediate success 即刻的成功 6.by the time 到那时
三、这样记句式
先背熟 再悟通 后仿用
1.In 1987, Jordan became only the second player to score more than 3,000 points in a season. 1987年，乔丹成为仅有的第二个在一个赛季中得分超过3 000分的球员。 动词不定式短语to score more than ...作定语修饰player。 Wu Dajing is the first Chinese athlete to win the gold medal at the Pyeongchang 2018 Winter Olympic Games. 武大靖是第一个在2018年平昌冬奥会上赢得金牌的中国运动员。
2.Each time he threw the ball straight through the basket — and each time he had his eyes closed. 每次他都把球直接投进篮筐——而且每次都是闭着眼睛投进去的。 each time“每次”，作连词，引导时间状语从句。 Don't look up new words in the dictionary each time you meet them. 不要每次遇到生单词就查词典。
3.But there is no doubt that he deserves the title “outstanding player of his generation”．但是毫无疑问，他无愧于“一代杰出球员”这一称号。 there is no doubt that ...“毫无疑问”，that引导的从句作doubt的同位语。 There is no doubt that our experiment will succeed. 毫无疑问，我们的实验会成功的。


1．(教材P1)What are the forwards doing — attacking or defending?
前锋在做什么——进攻还是防守？
?defend v．防守；保护，保卫
(1)defend ... from/against ...
　　　　　　　保护/防护……使其免受……
defend oneself 自我防卫/辩解
(2)defence＝defense n. 防御；保卫
in defense of 保卫……
①All our officers are trained to defend themselves against knife attacks.
我们所有的警察都接受过自卫训练，能够对付持刀袭击。
②Everyone should learn how to defend himself (he) by the lawful means.
每个人都应该学会如何利用合法的手段保护自己。
③They decided to fight in defence of their country.
他们决心为保卫祖国而战。
[辨析比较]　defend, protect, guard
defend 指防御或击退外来威胁或进攻
protect 指采取保护措施，使之不受伤害或损伤，常用于防御风雨、疾病或保护权益等
guard 指小心谨慎地对可能的危险进行防御，以维护安全，含警戒之意
选用上述单词填空
④You need to put on more clothes to protect you against the cold.
⑤We must take measures to guard the forest against fires.
⑥We should defend our country against its enemies.
2．(教材 P2)Which record do they both hold?
他们两人都保持哪一项纪录？
?hold v．保持；拿着；控制；容纳；举行n.握住；控制；把握；保持
[一词多义]　写出下列句中hold的含义
①He holds the world record for the 100?metre dash. 保持
②She was holding an umbrella. 拿着
③I don't think the car will hold all of you. 容纳
④They hold a meeting every morning. 举行
hold back　　　　　　 退缩；踌躇；阻止；抑制
hold off 推迟，拖延
hold on 等一下；坚持住
hold on to 抓住；保留
hold up 举起；延误
hold out 维持；坚持；伸出
⑤The dam is not strong enough to hold back the flood waters.
水坝不够坚固，挡不住洪水。
⑥Hold on a minute while I get my breath back.
停一停，让我喘口气。
⑦He should be home soon provided the buses haven't been held up.
只要(公共)汽车没有延误，他应该很快就到家了。
3．(教材 P2)Jordan was born in New York and grew up in North Carolina.
乔丹出生于纽约，在北卡罗来纳州长大。
?grow up 成长，长大；壮大； 发展； 形成
grow up to be　　　　　 成长为
grow into 逐渐成长为，变为，长成
①Being an only child, Tom grew up in Indiana under the care of his mother.
汤姆是个独生子，在印第安纳州母亲身边长大。
②It is said that the boy grew up to be (be) a noted scientist.
据说那个男孩长大后成了一位知名的科学家。
③In a short period of time he grew into a great communist fighter.
在短时期内，他成长为一名伟大的共产主义战士。
4．(教材P2)He attended the University of North Carolina for a year before leaving to join the Chicago Bulls.
在加入芝加哥公牛队之前，他在北卡罗来纳大学学习了一年。
?attend vt.上(学)；出席，参加；照料 vi.照料；关怀；对付；处理
attend a lecture/a meeting　 听演讲/参加会议
attend school/classes/church 上学/上课/去教堂
attend to sb./sth. 照料/接待某人；处理某事
attend on/upon 照料，服侍
①I'm writing to invite you to attend the Chinese paper?cutting art exhibition to be held in the art gallery from 8：00 am to 5：00 pm next Sunday in our city center.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)
我写信邀请你参加下周日上午8点至下午5点在我们市中心美术馆举行的中国剪纸艺术展。
②We must attend on the people who are in poor health.
我们必须照顾那些身体不太好的人。
③Don't worry.Everything will be attended to in good time!
别着急，每件事都会得到及时处理！
[辨析比较]　attend, join, join in, take part in
attend 指以“听众或观众”的身份“参加”，表示出席，参加会议、讲座、婚礼、报告等一些较为正式的场合
join 表示参加某一团体、组织，成为其中的一个成员，如入党、入团、参军等；如果后接人，则表示加入到某人的活动中
join in 多指参加某些比赛或活动，常用于口语中，如要表示“加入到他人的行列中一道从事某项活动”用join sb.in sth.
take part in 指参加会议或群众性的活动，重在说明主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用
选用上述词语填空
④Last year I joined the club.Since then, I have been attending the meetings and taking part in all kinds of activities.Sometimes, I join managers in designing some parties.
5．(教材 P2)He finished his first season (1984－1985) as one of the top scorers in the league, with an average of 28.2 points per game.
在第一个赛季(1984－1985)，他就以平均每场28.2分的成绩成为联盟得分最高的球员之一。
?average n．平均数；一般水平，平均标准 adj.平均的，普遍的，一般的
above/below (the) average　　 一般水平以上/以下
on (an/the) average 平均起来
with an average of 平均为
①Temperatures are above/below average for the time of year.
温度高于/低于此时的年平均温度。
②We made a loss today, but on average we make a profit.
我们今天结算亏损，但是平均起来，我们还是赚钱。
③These nations all have large young populations with an average age of 27.
这些国家的人口年龄结构都处于年轻型时期，平均年龄只有27岁。
[名师点津]　(1)“the average of ... ”作主语时，谓语动词用单数，意为“……的平均数”。
④The average of 3, 8 and 10 is 7.
3、8和10的平均数是7。
(2)“an average of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数，意为“平均有……”。
⑤An average of ten students haven't passed the exam in each class.
每个班平均有10名学生未通过考试。
6．(教材P3)At one point, Chamberlain was so much better than all the other players that they changed the rules of the game to try to stop him!
曾几何时，张伯伦比其他所有球员都优秀得多，以至于他们改变了比赛规则来试图限制他！
?at one point 一度；曾经；当时
on the point of ...　　　　　　 正要(做某事)
to the point 切题的；相关的
There is no point in doing sth. 做某事毫无意义
①At one point, he made up his mind to become a painter.
他曾一度下决心要当个画家。
②I was just on the point of going when he came in.
他进来的时候我正要走。
③As we all know, there is no point in complaining.
众所周知，抱怨是毫无意义的。
7．(教材 P3)But there is no doubt that he deserves the title “outstanding player of his generation”．
但是毫无疑问，他无愧于“一代杰出球员”这一称号。
?deserve v．应得；值得
deserve sth.　　　　　　　　 值得……
deserve to do ... 应该做……
deserve doing/to be done 值得做……，理应……
①This proposal deserves serious consideration.
这个建议值得认真考虑。
②I'm sorry for the kids.They deserve treating/to be treated (treat) in a better way.
我为这些孩子感到难过，他们应该得到更好的照顾。
③To do her justice, we must admit that she did deserve to win (win)．
说句公道话，我们得承认她的确应该获胜。
[名师点津]　(1)deserve一般不用于进行时；
(2)deserve后接不定式，若该动词表示主动意义，则用不定式的主动形式；若该动词表示被动意义，则用不定式的被动式或者动词?ing形式的主动形式，类似用法的词还有need, want, require等。

1．In 1987, Jordan became only the second player to score more than 3,000 points in a season.
1987年，乔丹成为仅有的第二个在一个赛季中得分超过3 000分的球员。
句中动词不定式to score more than 3,000 points in a season作定语修饰player。在英语中，名词前若用序数词、形容词最高级、the only, the last等词修饰或被修饰词本身是上述词语时，其后通常用不定式作定语。
①He is always the first to come and the last to leave.
他总是第一个来，最后一个离开。
②Is that the best way to solve (solve) the problem?
那是解决问题的最好方式吗？
③He would be the last to agree (agree) to the plan.
他决不会同意这个计划。
2．But there is no doubt that he deserves the title “outstanding player of his generation”．
但是毫无疑问，他无愧于“一代杰出球员”这一称号。
there is no doubt that ... “毫无疑问”，that引导的从句作doubt的同位语。
(1)There is no doubt about ... 毫无疑问……
There is doubt whether ... 不确定是否
without/beyond doubt 无疑地；必定；毫无疑问
be in doubt 不肯定；不确定
(2)I don't doubt that ... 我确信……
I doubt whether/if ... 我不敢肯定……
①There is no doubt that WeChat and QQ are important means of communication.
毫无疑问，微信和QQ是人们相互交流的重要工具。
②I doubt whether/if he will keep his word.
我怀疑他是否会遵守诺言。
③The research showed beyond doubt that smoking contributes to heart disease.　
这项研究确实表明吸烟会导致心脏疾病。
[名师点津]　doubt无论是用作动词还是名词，用在肯定句中，从句引导词都用whether(作动词时，whether/if均可)；用在否定句或疑问句中，从句引导词用that。




Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Be careful to defend yourselves against the enemy.
2．He came running here with a bunch of flowers held (hold) in one hand.
3．I'm too busy now to attend to anything else but my work.
4. London have on average 7.6 hours of sunshine per day during May.
5．There is no doubt that they will ask you for help.
6. I love writing love drawing, love to see a variety (various) of books, magazines!
7．At one point I think she is going to refuse, but in the end she agrees.
8．As far as I'm concerned, this book deserves to be read/reading (read) several times.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．(2017·北京高考满分作文)Of the two routes given by your school, the Yangtze River is the first choice to travel, I think.
在你们学校给出的两条线路中，我认为“长江之行”是旅行的第一选择。
2．There is no doubt that global warming can lead to many environmental problems.
毫无疑问全球变暖会引起很多环境问题。
3．He will put off the picnic until May 1st, when he will be free.
他将把郊游推迟到5月1号，那时他将有空。
4．As the years went on, the young plant in our court grew into a tall tree.
一年年过去，院子里的树苗长成了一棵大树。
5．He held out his hand to stop the taxi but it didn't stop.　
他伸手想打车，但是出租车没停。

一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．People wanted to know who this talented (有天赋的) designer was.
2．He was named their most valued (有价值的) player five times.
3．I am the first child in my family to attend (上学) college.
4．(2017·江苏高考)In 1900, people died at the average (平均数) age of 30.
5．Their last concert was really awesome (了不起的)．
6．He decided to leave school for various (各种各样的) reasons.
7．Have you drunk the entire (整个的) bottle?
8．Any dog bite, no matter how small, needs immediate (立刻的) medical attention.
9．You've been working all morning — you deserve (应得) a rest.
10．My generation (一代人) have grown up without the experience of a world war.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Let us respond.Let us rise as one man in the defence of our motherland.去掉the
2．His mother was ill, so he must attend her. attend后加to
3．If we have finished our work, there is no point staying any longer. point后加in
4．The old doctor deserved be honoured for a lifetime of unselfish work. be前加to
5．I would be the last to attempting to answer the question. attempting→attempt
6．Above average, Mr Kelly works out four days a week for at least an hour at a time. Above→On
Ⅲ.选词填空
in the history of， grow up， with an average of， rescue from， at one point， play against， be known as， one after another， millions of， more than
1．All patients were followed up for 7－36 months with an average of 17 months.
2．I want to be a doctor when I grow up.
3．The invention of the wheel was a milestone in the history of the world.
4．At one point, it seemed that the plane would fall apart in the shaking.
5．You can learn more when you play against a good opponent.
6．During those years silk factories closed down one after another.
7．The child was rescued from the fire, but died soon after for terrible burns.
8．Zhang Yimou is known as a very famous director in China.
9．This picture is supposedly worth more than a million pounds.
10．Dinosaurs have been extinct for millions of years.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Michael Jordan was born in New York and grew 1.up in North Carolina. He 2.attended (attend) the University of North Carolina for a year and then joined the Chicago Bulls. In 1987, Jordan became only the second player 3.to score (score) over 3,000 points in a season. With him, the Bulls won their first NBA championship in 1991 and again in 1992 and 1993. Jordan 4.surprised (surprise) everyone when he retired before the 1993－1994 season, 5.but he rejoined the Chicago Bulls and won three more championships from 1996 to 1998. 6.Wearing (wear) his famous number 23 shirt, Michael Jordan became the most successful basketball player in 7.the history of the game. He 8.was named (name) the most valued player five times. 9.Off the basketball court, Michael Jordan opened his own steak restaurant because he loves steak so much. He also found 10.success (succeed) as an actor in the film Space Jam.
Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达
汤姆是一个优秀的(outstanding)男孩，不仅功课学得不错而且乐于助人。他早晨7：30上学 (attend school)，在学校他努力学习各门功课。每一次考试，他分数很高，平均为 (with an average of) 90分。一天，在上学的路上他看见一位老人躺在地上并立刻 (immediate) 采取行动将其送往医院。在医生的帮助下，老人好多了。校长得知这件事后，表扬了汤姆。毫无疑问 (there is no doubt that) 汤姆值得 (deserve) 表扬。
Tom is an outstanding boy, who is not only good at his lessons but also ready to help others.He attends school at 7：30 in the morning, where he works hard at his lessons.In each exam, he gets high marks with an average of 90 points.One day, on his way to school he saw an old man lying on the ground and took immediate action to send him to the hospital.With the doctor's help, the old man was better.When the headmaster heard of it, he praised Tom.There is no doubt that Tom deserves to be praised/praising.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.完形填空
When I was at my lowest point in life, I never would have guessed that after all the unhappiness I faced, I would eventually be able to have a successful career and business. When I look 1 now, I can see clearly that there was 2 one, simple step that I failed to take. I 3 to craft (精巧地制作) a satisfying and successful career. Depressed and 4 ， I thought to myself, “Maybe it's just me — maybe I'll just never find 5 happiness.”
Finally, after years 6 in that depression, I decided that I wouldn't allow it to 7 there. I decided to take a completely new kind of 8 ， I allowed myself this time to dream as 9 as possible. I committed (承诺) myself to the 10 that no matter how strange and crazy my dream 11 ， or what I'd have to give up, I'd believe 12 it, and I'd go for it with 13 I 've got. That was the simple step that turned everything 14 ： to believe in what I was capable of and the impact I could 15 — to focus not on what I had been, but on what I could be.
Now, with every single training program I deliver, I emphasize this one key message: that you are capable of much more than you can even 16 at, but you can't bring into 17 that shining new identity (身份) until you allow yourself to believe in what you can't see. I'm still shocked when I talk to professionals who can't 18 the simplest questions about what they really want. Here's a harsh reality — you can't be happy or build great success and reward if you don't know yourself, or understand what you 19 want. Today, begin to build a much more intimate (亲密的；私人的) relationship with 20 and get to know yourself better than you know anyone else.
语篇解读：作者在人生的低谷期时，决定采取全新的措施来改变现状，最终证明自己选择勇往直前是正确的。
1．A.behind　　　　　　　　 B．up
C．down D．back
解析：选D　前面提到了作者在人生低谷时期的情况，可见他是在回顾过去。look back在这里的意思是“回想，回顾”。
2．A.never B．always
C．just D．ever
解析：选C　本文介绍了作者总结在不得志时人们可以采取的一个步骤，这里作者强调当初只有一步没有走好。just“仅仅，只”，符合语境；never“从来不”，always“总是”，ever“曾经”，均不符合语境。
3．A.tried B．failed
C．succeeded D．managed
解析：选B　上一句中作者提到有一步没有走好，因此此处应表示没有做到的事是什么。fail to do sth.“没有做成某事”，符合语境。
4．A.frightened B．confused
C．surprised D．shocked
解析：选B　当初在人生的低谷期作者并不明白到底什么使得他无法获得成功，对于这一点他很困惑。四个选项中只有confused“困惑的”，符合语境。
5．A.career B．life
C．reality D．truth
解析：选A　根据上一句的描述，作者没有成功地去营造满意和成功的事业，因此认为自己永远无法得到职业中的快乐。career“职业”，符合语境。
6．A.located B．lost
C．addicted D．interested
解析：选B　根据第一段最后一句，作者认为自己永远不能找到职业中的快乐，因此说他长年迷失在了这种沮丧情绪中。be lost in“迷失于”，与语境相符；be located in“位于”；be interested in“对……感兴趣”；be addicted后应为介词to。
7．A.end B．start
C．change D．get
解析：选A　根据后面一句，作者决定采取全新的措施来改变现状，可见他不允许自己的人生结束于原先的沮丧之中。end意为“结束”。
8．A.kind B．step
C．type D．look
解析：选B　根据第一段第二句中的step可知，作者认为自己有一步没有走好，所以决定重新走好这一步。kind“种类”，type“类型”，look“面貌”，均不符合语境。
9．A.small B．much
C．big D．hard
解析：选C　根据下一句中的crazy可知，此处表示作者让自己的梦想足够大。
10．A.idea B．reality
C．dream D．fact
解析：选A　后面的“无论梦想多古怪、多疯狂，无论放弃什么，都要勇往直前”是一种想法，因此选idea。
11．A.got B．seemed
C．took D．had
解析：选B　对于别人而言，作者的梦想也许看起来是古怪疯狂的。seem“看起来”；get“变得”；take“带走”；have“有”。
12．A.on B．to
C．in D．down
解析：选C　根据前面的no matter how可知，作者下定决心要对自己的梦想坚定信心。believe in“对……有信心”，与语境相符。
13．A.nothing B．anything
C．something D．everything
解析：选D　为了梦想，作者愿意付出一切。everything意为“一切”，符合语境。
14．A.up B．off
C．away D．around
解析：选D　在坚定梦想以后，作者获得了巨大成功，可见这简单的一步使一切得以扭转。turn around“扭转”，符合语境。turn up“出现”，turn off“关闭”，turn away“不准入内”，均与语境不符。
15．A.make B．invent
C．create D．build
解析：选A　与前面的名词impact连用，应为make，意为“对……产生影响”。
16．A.laugh B．guess
C．believe D．make
解析：选B　根据副词even可知，此处应表示你能够做甚至你想不到的事情。guess at“猜测”，符合语境。
17．A.being B．use
C．effect D．form
解析：选A　只有相信自己才能使梦想成为现实。此处bring into being为固定搭配，意为“使成为现实”，符合语境。
18．A.raise B．find
C．put D．answer
解析：选D　后面的“what they really want”应是需要回答的问题， 因此应选表示回答的词，只有answer符合语境。
19．A.naturally B．firstly
C．really D．likely
解析：选C　此处表示他们真正想要的。really“真正地”，符合语境。naturally“自然地”，firstly“首先”，likely“可能”，均不符合语境。
20．A.himself B．yourself
C．myself D．itself
解析：选B　后面作者提到要更好地了解自己，因此此处应表示与自己建立良好的关系。
Ⅱ.短文改错
My cousin and I usually stay out later with some friends on Saturday evenings, left Grandpa alone at home. But it was so cold yesterday that neither of us wanted suffer from the freezing wind outside. But after dinner we stayed home sitting around a fire and listening to Grandpa to tell his experiences in the Second World War. Though in fact it sounded familiar to us, we were still listening attentively so as to make him happily. Now and then we asked Grandpa some questions, which he answered in humorous way. We burst out laughing from time to time and he laughing too. Full of joy, we all felt especial warm on the cold evening.
答案：第一句：later→late; left→leaving
第二句：wanted后加to
第三句：But→So; 去掉第二个to
第四句：it→they; happily→happy
第五句：in后加a
第六句：第二个laughing→laughed
第七句：especial→especially







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11









Section Ⅲ Grammar — 构词法

?语法图解


?探究发现
①He was named their most valued player five times.
②Let's have a swim.
③We will try our best to better our living conditions.
④The girl in black appears very beautiful.
⑤
⑥
[我的发现]
(1)①句中，name通常为名词，此处用作动词。
(2)②句中，swim通常为动词，此处用作名词。
(3)③句中，better通常为形容词，此处用作动词。
(4)④句中，black通常为形容词，此处用作名词。
(5)⑤中，黑体部分为前缀；⑥中，黑体部分为后缀。前者一般不会改变一个词的词性，后者往往改变一个词的词性。

一、词的转化
1．概念：由一种词类转化为另一种词类，称为词的转化。
2．常见的词类转化形式：
(1)动词→名词
He wanted to taste the soup and know the taste of it.
他想尝尝汤，知道汤的味道。
We pump water from a well to water the cabbages every night.
我们每天晚上从井里抽水浇白菜。
(2)名词→动词
Will you please give me a hand and hand me the book?
你帮我一下，把那本书递给我好吗？
The nurse nursed her husband back to health.
这名护士看护她的丈夫，使他恢复了健康。
(3)形容词→动词
To make the sentence correct, you must correct the mistakes in the sentence.
为了使句子正确，你必须改正句中的错误。
The teacher asked the students to keep quiet and the classroom quieted down immediately.
老师要求学生保持安静，教室里立刻静了下来。
(4)形容词→名词
We watched the final game, that is to say, we watched the final.
我们看了最后的比赛，也就是说，我们看了决赛。
The girl in black appears very beautiful and she likes wearing black clothes.
穿黑衣服的那个女孩看上去很漂亮，她喜欢穿黑色的衣服。
[即时演练1]　写出下列黑体单词的词性和词义
①(2017·浙江高考)As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person.n.答案
②The hall can seat two thousand people.v.容纳
③Those who do wrong should be punished.n.坏事
④Wash and dry your hands before you eat meal.v.擦干
(5)其他词类转化情况
out adv.往外，向外→n.托词；出路
south n．南方→adv.向南，朝南
up adv.在上面→n.增长
upstairs n．楼上→adv.在楼上
Come down to us we can't hear you upstairs.
下来到我们这儿来，你在楼上我们听不清楚。
[即时演练2]　完成句子
①The case has been emptied for these books.
箱子已经被倒空用来装这些书。
②It will free us of a whole lot of debt.
它会使我们摆脱巨额债务。
③She slowed the car and began driving up a narrow road.
她放慢车速，开始驶上一条狭窄的道路。
④Jeremy wants some peace and quiet before his big match.
杰里米希望在大赛来临之前能享受到些许平静和安宁。
⑤The companies have a total of 776 employees.
这些公司总计有776名员工。
⑥Parents and children should communicate more to narrow the gap between them so that they can understand each other better.
家长们和孩子们应该多交流以缩小他们之间的代沟，以便他们能更好地了解彼此。
二、词的派生
1．概念：由一个词根加上前缀或后缀，构成另一个单词的方法叫派生法。
2．常用前缀
(1)表示否定意义的前缀常用的有：dis?， il?， im?， in?， ir?， mis?， non?， un?等，在单词的前面加这类前缀常构成与该词意义相反的新词。
appear出现→disappear消失
correct正确的→incorrect不正确的
lead带领→mislead引入歧途
stop停下→non?stop不停
(2)表示其他意义的前缀常用的有：a?(多构成表语形容词), anti?(反对；抵抗), auto?(自动), co?(共同), en?(使), inter?(互相), re?(再；又), sub?(下面的；次；小), tele?(强调距离)等。
alone单独的　antigas防毒气的　Internet互联网
subway地铁　telephone电话　auto?chart自动图表
enjoy使高兴　reuse再使用，重复使用
cooperate合作
[即时演练3]
根据汉语提示，运用所学前缀知识写出正确的单词
①agree→disagree (不同意)
②ability→inability (无能；无力)
③understand→misunderstand (误解；误会)
④profit→non?profit (非营利的)
⑤social→antisocial (反社会的)
⑥depend→interdependent (相互依赖的)
⑦set→reset (调整；重新设置)
⑧danger→endanger (使遭危险)
3．常用后缀
(1)名词后缀
常用后缀 例词 意义
?er, ?or, ?ist, ?ee， ?ian, ?ss, ?ant reporter, musician， assistant 人(可数)
?er, ?or cooker, calculator 器具(可数)
?ness, ?y, ?th, ?dom difficulty, truth 性质或状态
?(t)ion, ?(s)ion, ?ing, ?ment, ?al discussion, building， arrival 动作、过程 或结果
?hood childhood, womanhood 时代

[即时演练4]　用所给词的适当形式填空
①The lady is one of the greatest novelists (novel) alive.　
②The governor (govern) was leaving a meeting with US officials when he was shot.
③It's difficult to tell the difference (different) between the two words.
④She hoped that her son would become a musician (music)．
⑤The teacher was pleased with her honesty (honest)．
(2)形容词后缀
①“名词＋后缀”构成的形容词：
名词＋?ic/ical chemical, electric, electrical, historic, historical, physical
名词＋?al national, natural
名词＋?ish foolish, childish, womanish
名词＋?ly brotherly, friendly, weekly
名词＋?en golden, wooden, woolen
名词＋?ern eastern, northern
名词＋?y rainy, cloudy, dusty, funny
名词＋?ous dangerous, famous
名词＋?less endless, homeless, hopeless

②“动词＋后缀”构成的形容词：
动词＋?ed excited, tired, interested
动词＋?ing surprising, interesting, astonishing
动词＋?able comfortable, enjoyable, acceptable
动词＋?ive/?fic/?ory active, terrific, preparatory

[即时演练5]　写出下列单词的形容词形式
①nature→natural　　　　　　 ②fool→foolish
③gold→golden ④care→careful
⑤excite→excited/exciting ⑥enjoy→enjoyable
(3)动词后缀
后缀 ?en (使成为、变得), ?fy (使得、变成), ?is(z)e(成为、使)
例词 wide→widen加宽， beauty→beautify美化， real→realize意识到， organ→organize组织
(4)副词后缀
常用后缀 例词 意义
?ly happily, suddenly, strangely 以……方式
?ward(s) backward(s), forward(s)， afterward(s), eastward(s) 表示方式或 动作的方向
有的形容词的副词有两种形式，一种和形容词同形，一种加后缀构成副词。原形副词表示具体的含义，而加后缀?ly组成的副词表示抽象的含义。例如：
The tunnel led deep under the mountains.
这条隧道在群山深处穿过。
Her lies hurt my father deeply.
她的谎言深深地伤害了我父亲。
[即时演练6]　完成句子
①He came up with a program to beautify the nation's highways.
他提出了一个美化国内公路的计划。
②The city is widening the street.
该城市正在拓宽这条街。
③We'll organize an oral English contest.
我们将筹划一次英语口语比赛。
④He drove directly to school.
他开车直接去学校。

Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Man is short of natural (nature) resources now.They really require to be protected.
2．Be reasonable (reason) — you can't expect me to finish all this work in so little time.
3．Oh, the roast chicken really tastes delicious! I have never eaten such tasty (taste) dish.
4．Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy (health), wealthy (wealth) and wise.
5．She was even more beautiful (beauty) than I had expected.
6．You will make mistakes (mistake) if you do things in a hurry.
7．The murderer is dangerous (danger) with a gun on him.
8．The homeless boy experienced endless (end) hardships and difficulties during his growth.
9．Today, fresh fruit from these trees is shipped (ship) from one country to another.
10．He fooled (fool) a lot of people into believing that he was an honest statesman.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I'm delighted to know you are interested in Tang poems.
我很高兴得知你对唐诗感兴趣。
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)Paper?cutting is a traditional art form in China, which has a history of more than 1,500 years.
剪纸是中国的一种传统艺术形式，已有1 500多年的历史了。
3．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Moreover, by doing the part?time job I can get some precious experience so that I can better adapt to the development and changes of society.
此外，通过做兼职我能得到一些宝贵的经验，以便我能更好地适应社会的发展和变化。
4．(2015·陕西高考书面表达)Firstly, because my spoken English is fluent, I think I am very suitable for this job.
首先，因为我的英语口语很流利，我认为我非常适合这份工作。
5．But what I want you to realize is that everybody may have such an unpleasant period.
但我想让你认识到的是，每个人都可能有这样一个不愉快的时期。
6．He emptied the contents of the envelope onto the table.
他把信封里的东西全都倒在桌子上。
7．She seated herself at her desk.
她坐在自己的书桌旁。
Ⅲ.短文改错
Dear Xiao Wang，
I have received and read your letter, which you mentioned that you wanted to lose weight by dieting. It is only natural that young girls at your age hope to look beautiful. But, in my opinion, health is more important than beautiful. For the student, studying is the first thing to consider while appearance is the second. So do not let others' opinions to affect your normal life. However, if you do want to lose weight, that is an good idea to do it by getting more exercise and changing unhealthy eating habits. The most important thing is you keep a healthy state of mind, as it will help with your studies, and will also help you overcome difficulties on dieting.
I hope my advice will be helpful to you and I'm look forward to your next letter.
Yours，
Li Hua
答案：第一句：which前加in
第三句：But→However; beautiful→beauty
第四句：第一个the→a
第五句：去掉to
第六句：that→it; an→a
第七句：is后加that; on→in
第八句：look→looking







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5









Section Ⅳ Other Parts of the Module


[原文呈现][读文清障]
Dizzy Heights of School Basketball
Basketball is one of the safest sports. Unlike wrestling① or boxing②， it's not usually dangerous. One reason for this is③that the players' energy is partly directed upwards④， at a 90?degree angle⑤to the ground, and over the heads of the others. So there's less risk of a collision⑥ between two players.
In other sports, such as baseball and American football, the players' energy moves parallel⑦ to the ground and towards their opponents, so they wear helmets which give adequate⑧ protection to their heads⑨.
But although basketball players wear socks⑩ and sneakers? which are specially designed to? absorb? energy when they bound? into the air, they wear no other protection, just a vest?and shorts. If there is an abrupt? change of direction in their energy, from vertical? to horizontal?， such as when they accelerate? across the court, bouncing? the ball, there is a real danger of personal injury.
①wrestling/'reslI?/n.摔跤(运动)
②boxing/'b?ksI?/n.拳击(运动)
③that the players' energy ...是表语从句。
④upwards/'?pw?dz/adv.向上地
⑤angle/'??ɡl/n.角，角度　⑥collision/k?'lI?n/n.碰撞
⑦parallel/'p?r?lel/adj.平行的，并行的
⑧adequate/'?dIkw?t/adj.适当的，足够的，充分的
⑨which give adequate ...是定语从句，修饰helmets。
⑩sock/s?k/n.短袜　?sneaker/'sni?k?/n.胶底运动鞋
?be designed to do被设计做
?absorb/?b'z??b/v.消减，缓冲
?bound/ba?nd/v.跳跃　?vest/vest/n.内衣背心；汗衫
?abrupt/?'br?pt/adj.突出的，出其不意的
?vertical adj.垂直的
?horizontal/?h?rI'z?ntl/adj.水平的，与地平线平行的
?accelerate/?k'sel??reIt/v.加快，加速
?bounce/ba?ns/v. & n．(使球等)反弹，(使)弹回
学校篮球令人眩晕的高度
[第1～3段译文]
篮球是最安全的体育运动之一。不像摔跤和拳击，通常它是没有危险的。原因之一是球员的力量部分是向上的，与地面形成90度的角，而且在其他人头部的上方。所以两个球员之间碰撞的风险是比较小的。
在其他的运动中，比如棒球和美式足球，球员力量的运行方向与地面是平行的，并且朝着他们的对手，所以他们戴着给他们头部充分保护的头盔。
但是尽管篮球运动员穿着专门设计的用于缓冲跳跃时能量的短袜和胶底运动鞋，但他们没有其他的保护，只有一件背心和一条短裤。如果他们身体能量的方向有一个突然的改变，从垂直到水平，比如当他们运球加速穿过球场时，造成人身伤害的危险性会很大。
For example, in the Kent State High School Basketball tournament， Chandler High was playing St Mary Central and at the interval the score was 50－52.But St Mary had appointed a captain who was not a typical basketball player. Whereas everyone else was tall and slim with short haircuts, Joe Johannsen was short and stout， with long hair and a large belly. But he was really fast, and when he obtained control of the ball, he could make a circuit of the court and reach the opposing team's boundary within seconds.
Anyhow， twelve minutes into the second half， Frank Sackler, the Chandler star player, made a controversial pass over Joe's head. Joe stepped aside and dipped his head down. Sackler bounced off him and committed a foul. The referee interrupted the match, and there was a suspension of play. But Joe was unhurt, shot the penalty， and the score was 88－90. There were three minutes to go.
tournament/'t??n?m?nt/n.锦标赛，联赛；比赛
interval/'Int?vl/n.(球赛的)中场休息
appoint/?'p?Int/v.任命，委派
typical/'tIpIkl/adj.典型的，具有代表性的，独特的
slim/slIm/adj.苗条的，修长的
stout/sta?t/adj.(躯体)胖的，粗壮的
belly/'beli/n.肚子，腹部　obtain/?b'teIn/v.获得，得到
circuit/'s??kIt/n.环形
boundary/'ba?nd?ri/n.界限，范围
anyhow adv.(用于转换话题)无论如何，反正
the second half下半场
controversial/?k?ntr?'v???l/adj.有争议的
make a ... pass此处指“运球通过”。
aside/?'saId/adv.靠一边，站到一边
dip/dIp/v.下降　commit/k?'mIt/v.犯(错误，罪行)
foul/fa?l/n.(运动比赛中的)犯规动作
interrupt vt.打断，中止
suspension/s?'spen?n/n.暂停，中止
penalty/'penlti/n.(体育比赛中对犯规的)处罚
There be ...to go.还有/还剩下……
[第4～5段译文]
例如，在肯特州立高中篮球联赛中，查得勒高中和圣·玛丽中心学校比赛，中场休息时比分是50∶52。但是圣·玛丽中心学校任命了一位非典型的篮球运动员担任队长。其他每个人又高又瘦，留着短发，但乔·约翰逊又矮又胖，留着长头发，还是大肚子。可是他确实速度很快，当他得到球的控制权时，他能围着球场跑一圈，且在数秒内到达对方的边界。
然而，在下半场进行到12分钟时，弗兰克·赛克勒，查得勒的明星球员，越过乔的头做了一个有争议的运球。乔闪到一边，低下了头。赛克勒跳起来绕过他，犯了规。裁判中断了比赛，球赛暂停。但是乔并没有受伤，他罚了球，比分是88∶90，比赛还剩下3分钟。
Joe immediately took possession of the ball and ran, ... and suddenly 80 kilos hit the Chandler star, who howled loudly in pain and fell， with his nose bleeding and a cut on his left cheek. For a moment, he lay very still， and the referee even checked his pulse， but soon confirmed he was OK.But when Sackler stood up he was dizzy， so they put a bandage round his head, a blanket round his shoulders, and called an ambulance to take him to the hospital. Joe was a considerate guy, and apologised as Sackler left, sniffing and weeping， either in pain or in frustration.
Chandler scored with the penalty, and their teamwork had won the match. But Frank Sackler still has the scar on his face as a souvenir of the tournament.

take possession of占有，占据，拥有
80 kilos此处指Joe的体重。
who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰the Chandler star。
howl/'ha?l/v.(因悲伤、疼痛、愤怒而)不停地嚎哭；咆哮
in pain痛苦地　with his nose ...是伴随状语。
bleed/bli?d/v.(尤指因受伤而)流血，出血
cheek/t?i?k/n.脸颊，脸蛋
still adv.静止不动地　pulse/p?ls/n.脉搏
confirm/k?n'f??m/v.(尤指通过提供更多证据)证实，进一步确定
dizzy/'dIzi/adj.头晕目眩的，眩晕的
bandage/'b?ndId?/n.绷带
put ...round用……缠住
blanket/'bl??kIt/n.毯子，毛毡
ambulance/'?mbj?l?ns/n.救护车
considerate/k?n'sId?r?t/adj.体谅的，考虑周到的
apologise/?'p?l??d?aIz/v.道歉，谢罪
sniff/snIf/v.(短促有声地)以鼻吸气
weep/wI?p/v.哭泣，流泪
frustration/fr?'streI?n/n.挫折，失望，失意
score with因……而得分
teamwork/'ti?m?w??k/n.合作，协作，配合
scar/ska?/n.(伤)疤
[第6～7段译文]
乔立即抓住球跑起来，……突然他80千克的体重撞到了查得勒的明星球员，这位球员疼得大叫起来，摔倒在地上，他的鼻子流着血，左脸颊上有道伤口。有一段时间，他躺在地上一动不动，裁判甚至检查了他的脉搏，不过很快确定他没事。但是当赛克勒站起来时他感到头晕目眩，所以他们用绷带缠住他的头，用毯子裹住他的双肩，然后叫了辆救护车把他送往医院。乔是一个很体贴的小伙子，在赛克勒离开时他不停地道歉，同时抽泣着，或许因为疼痛，或许因为失意。
查得勒因为罚球而得分，他们靠合作赢得了这场比赛。但是弗兰克·赛克勒脸上仍留着疤痕，作为这次联赛的纪念。

Step 1　Read the passage and answer the following questions. (Passage on P9)
1．What does the head coach of the team think of Yao Ming?
答案： He is a selfless and kind person.
2．If Yao Ming wants to be a star, what does he have to do?
答案：He has to be more aggressive and to be rude to his teammates if necessary.
3．Is there anything Yao Ming is not very used to？What is it?
答案：Yes.He is not used to being impolite and selfish.
Step 2　Choose the best answers according to the passage.(Passage on P11)
1．Basketball is one of the safest sports because .
A．the direction of the players' energy means there is less chance of a collision
B．the players are well?protected
C．the players make abrupt changes of direction
D．the players accelerate across the court, bouncing the ball
2．According to the writer, a typical basketball player would be .
A．able to accelerate and bounce the ball at the same time
B．fast and weighing about 80 kilos
C．tall and slim
D．short and stout
3．The foul was caused by .
A．the referee interrupting the match
B．Sackler passing the ball over Joe's head
C．Joe lowering his head
D．Sackler falling over Joe
4．The referee thought Sackler was seriously injured because .
A．Joe ran into him
B．Sackler's nose was bleeding and he lay very still
C．Sackler was dizzy when he stood up
D．they put a bandage round his head, a blanket round his shoulders, and called an ambulance
答案：1～4　ACBB
Step 3　True (T) or False (F)．(Passage on P13)
1．Rugby is called football in America now. T
2．There were 20 people playing football in each team 800 years ago. F
3．A teacher, Naismith created a movement, which later became the popular basketball game. T
4．William Webb Ellis wrote the rules for baseball. F
5．The exact origin of basketball is unknown. F


一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对 记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇 1.instant adj.　　　　 立刻的 2.hit n. 热门人物 3.nationwide adj. 全国各地的 4.adequate adj. 适当的，足够的，充分的 5.accelerate v. 加快，加速 6.typical adj. 典型的，具有代表性的；独特的 7.slim adj. 苗条的，修长的 8.obtain v. 获得，得到 9.controversial adj. 有争议的 10.aside adv. 靠一边，站到一边 11.bleed v. (尤指因受伤而)流血，出血 12.cheek n. 脸颊，脸蛋 13.commit v. 犯(错误，罪行) 14.weep v. 哭泣，流泪 15.teamwork n. 合作，协作，配合 16.basis n. 基础；根据 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 1.popularity n．流行；普及→popular adj.流行的；普及的 2.rely v．信任；信赖→reliable adj.可信赖的；可靠的 3.selfish adj.自私的；自私自利的→selfishness n．自私→selfless adj.无私的 4.nature n．性格；本性；天性→natural adj.自然的；本性的；本质的 5.appoint v．任命；委派→appointment n．任命 6.confirm v．(尤指通过提供更多证据)证实；进一步确定→confirmation n．证明；证实 7.considerate adj.体谅的，考虑周到的→consider v．考虑；认为→consideration n．考虑；斟酌 8.apologise v．道歉；谢罪→apology n．道歉 9.frustration n．挫折，失望，失意→frustrate v．使受挫，使失望 1. accelerate v．加快，加速[同义]　①quicken v．　　　　　 (使)变快，(使)加快 ②hurry v. 匆忙，催促，赶紧 ③rush v. 冲，奔，仓促行事 ④speed v. 加速，急行 2.typical adj.典型的，具有代表性的；独特的 [词块]　①a typical character 典型人物 ②be typical of 是……的特点 3.obtain v．获得，得到 [联想]　①acquire vt. 获得，学到，取得 ②attain v. 实现，获得，达到 ③earn v. 赚的，赢得，获得 ④gain v. 获得，到达，增加 4.controversial adj.有争议的 [词块]　①be controversial about 对……有争议 ②a controversial issue 引起争论的问题 5.cheek n．脸颊，脸蛋 [联想]　check v. 检查，核对 6.teamwork n．合作，协作，配合 [联想]　teammate n. 队友 7.basis n．基础；根据 [同义]　①base n. 底部，基地，基础 ②foundation n. 根基，基础，建立 [联想]　①crisis n. 危机 ②thesis n. 论文 [比较]　①base所指的“基础”是具体的 ②basis所指的“基础”是抽象的 8.rely v．信任；信赖 [联想]　depend vi. 依赖，依靠，取决于
二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语 多积常用词块
1.more than　　　　　　　　多于 2.rely on 依靠；依赖 3.all the time 一直 4.bring up 抚养；培养；教育 5.be rude to 对……粗鲁 6.be used to 习惯于(某事物) 7.draw sb.'s attention to 引起某人注意(某事物) 8.take possession of 占有，占据，拥有 9.attach ...to ... 把……固定/粘/系在……上 10.be based on 根据，以……为基础 1.in this way　　　　　　　　　用这种方法2.if necessary 如果有必要的话 3.in his nature 他的本性 4.an instant hit 立刻走红 5.put the team first 把团队放在第一位 6.at first 起初 7.at a 90?degree angle 成90度的角 8.at the interval 在中场休息时 9.there were three minutes to go 还剩下三分钟 10.in frustration 失意地
三、这样记句式
先背熟 再悟通 后仿用
1.To do this, he told Yao to be more aggressive and, if necessary, to be rude to his teammates. 要想做到这一点，他告诉姚明要更富有攻击性，如果必要的话，对他的队友粗鲁一些。 if necessary“如果必要的话”，为省略结构，补充完整应为if it was necessary。 If necessary, I can go shopping with you.　 如果有必要的话，我可以跟你一起去购物。
2.One reason for this is that the players' energy is partly directed upwards ... 原因之一是球员的力量部分是向上的…… one reason for ...is that ...“……的原因之一是……”。 One reason for his success is that he worked hard. 他成功的原因之一是他勤奋工作。
3. ... and suddenly 80 kilos hit the Chandler star, who howled loudly in pain and fell, with his nose bleeding and a cut on his left cheek. ……突然他80千克的体重撞到了查得勒的明星球员，这位球员疼得大叫起来，摔倒在地上，他的鼻子流着血，左脸颊上有道伤口。 “with＋宾语＋宾补”的复合结构，宾语是his nose 和 a cut, 宾补是现在分词 bleeding和介词短语 on his left cheek。 With time going by, he realized what was the most important in his life. 随着时间的流逝，他才意识到他生命中最重要的东西是什么。


1．(教材P8)The Chicago Bulls used to rely too much on Michael Jordan.
芝加哥公牛队过去太依赖迈克尔·乔丹了。
?rely on信任；依赖；依靠
rely on/upon＋sb./sth.(＋for ...) 指望某人/某物(以获取……)
rely on/upon＋(one's) doing sth. 相信/指望某人做某事
rely on/upon＋sb.＋to do sth. 相信/指望某人做某事
rely on/upon＋it that ... 相信……
①They have to rely on the river for their water.
他们只好依靠这条河用水。
②You can rely on him to respond (respond) to a challenge.
你可以相信他知道如何迎接挑战。
③You may rely on it that the work will be finished ahead of time.　
你可以放心，这项工作将提前完成。
2．(教材P9)When he first arrived in the US, Yao was an instant hit among basketball fans nationwide.
当他第一次到美国时，姚明立刻成了全国篮球迷中的热门人物。
?instant adj.立刻的；紧急的；(食品)速食的，方便的 n. [常sing.] 瞬间，刹那
for an instant　　　　 一会儿，一时
instantly/the instant 一……就……
①The flood victims were in instant need of help.
洪灾难民急需救助。
②He stood for an instant with his hand still raised.
他仍举着手站了一会儿。
③The instant he got to the station, the train left.
他一到车站，火车就离开了。
3．(教材P9)I'm not quite used to it yet.
我还很不习惯。
?be/become used to 习惯于(某事物)
①I wasn't used to city life, but now I have got used to living in this city.
我以前不习惯都市生活，但现在已习惯于住在这个城市了。
②I have become used to getting (get) up early in the morning.
我已习惯早起。
[名师点津]　be used to短语中to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词，be 可换为 get/become，相当于 be accustomed to。
[辨析比较]　used to, be used to, be used to do
used to 意为“过去常常(现在已不再这样了)”，used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”
be used to 意为“习惯于”，to 是介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词，即 be used to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事
be used to do 意为“被用来做……”，是 use sth.to do 的被动语态，其中不定式表示目的
选用上述词语填空
I ③used to play football on the playground, but now I ④am used to reading in the library and the knowledge I get can ⑤be used to equip myself.
4．(教材P9)I like the fact that the article draws attention to ...
我喜欢这篇文章让人们注意……
?draw sb.'s attention to ... 引起某人注意(某事物)
give/pay attention to　　 　　 注意……，倾听……
attract/catch sb.'s attention 吸引某人的注意力
call sb.'s attention 让某人注意……
concentrate/fix/focus one's attention on 专心于
bring sth.to sb.'s attention 使某人注意某事
①An article in the newspaper drew my attention.
报纸上的一篇文章引起了我的注意。
②Her attention was fixed on the computer and didn't notice my coming.
她的注意力集中在电脑上，没有注意到我来。
③You're just looking for trouble if you bring it to his attention.
如果让他注意到这件事，你纯粹是自找麻烦。
5．(教材P11)But although basketball players wear socks and sneakers which are specially designed to absorb energy when they bound into the air, they wear no other protection, just a vest and shorts.
但是尽管篮球运动员穿着专门设计的用于缓冲跳跃时能量的短袜和胶底运动鞋，但他们没有其他的保护，只有一件背心和一条短裤。
?absorb v．消减，缓冲； 吸收(液体、气体或其他物质等)；吸引，使并入；理解，掌握；吸收(食物、思想、文化等)
(1)absorb one's attention　 吸引某人的注意力
(2)absorbing adj. 十分吸引人的；引人入胜的
(3)absorbed adj. 精神集中的
be absorbed in 专心致志于，全神贯注于
be absorbed into ... 被吸收(纳入)……
①Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air and moisture from the soil.
植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳，从泥土中吸收水分。
②The fact that the larger firm absorbed the smaller one absorbed him.(absorb)
那家大公司吞并了那家小公司的事情吸引了他的注意。
③Kevin was absorbed in the cartoon Mickey & Donald.
凯文全神贯注于卡通片《米老鼠和唐老鸭》。
[联想发散]　be absorbed in意为“全神贯注于”，类似的短语还有：
①be lost in　　　　　　　　 沉思
②be devoted to 献身于
③be buried in 埋头于
6．(教材P11)But St Mary had appointed a captain who was not a typical basketball player.
但是圣·玛丽中心学校任命了一位非典型的篮球运动员担任队长。
?appoint v．任命，委派；约定(时间、地点等)
(1)appoint sb.to be/as ...　　 任命/委任某人为……
appoint sb.to do sth. 指定某人做某事
(2)appointment n. 约定；约会
have/make an appointment 约会
keep/break one's appointment 守/违约
①Mr.Black is a careful and experienced engineer, so he is often appointed to finish some challenging tasks.
布莱克先生是一位既细心又有经验的工程师，所以他经常被委任去完成一些具有挑战性的任务。
②You're to be appointed as Sales Manager! Congratulations!
你将被任命为销售部经理，祝贺你！
③Please make an appointment with my secretary.
请跟我秘书预约。
7．(教材P11)Sackler bounced off him and committed a foul.
赛克勒跳起来绕过他，犯了规。
?commit v．犯(错误，罪行)；承诺
(1)commit an error　　　　　　　　 犯错误
commit a crime 犯罪
commit suicide 自杀

(2)commitment n. 承诺
make a commitment to (do) sth. 承诺(做)某事
①He accused the man of having committing a crime.
他指控那个人有罪。
②Both sides committed themselves to settling (settle) the dispute peacefully.
双方承诺和平解决争端。
③We made a commitment to keep (keep) working together.
我们承诺一起继续工作。
8．(教材P11)Joe immediately took possession of the ball and ran, ...
乔立即抓住球跑起来……
?take possession of占有，占据，拥有
in possession of　　　　 占有
in the possession of sb. 为某人所拥有
come into sb.'s possession＝come into the possession of sb. 落入某人之手，为某人所有
①You can't take possession of the house until all the papers have been signed.
所有文件都签好之后房子才归你所有。
②Their opponents were in possession of the ball for most of the match.
他们的对手在比赛的大部分时间里控制着球。
③The rare diamond is now in the possession of a wealthy man.
那颗稀有的钻石现在为一位富翁所有。
④On her father's death, a vast fortune came into her possession.
她在父亲死后继承了巨额财产。
[名师点津]　in possession of与in the possession of仅差一个定冠词the，但意义却相反。用法类似的还有：in charge of负责；in the charge of在……的负责下。
9．(教材P11)Joe was a considerate guy, and apologised as Sackler left, sniffing and weeping, either in pain or in frustration.
乔是一个很体贴的小伙子，在赛克勒离开时他不停地道歉，同时抽泣着，或许因为疼痛，或许因为失意。
?apologise v．道歉，谢罪
(1)apologise to sb.　　　　　 向某人道歉
apologise for (doing) sth. 为(做了)某事道歉
apologise to sb.for doing sth. 为做了某事向某人道歉
(2)apology n．[C] 道歉，认错
make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉
①I must apologise for not being able to meet you.
我因为没能接你而向你道歉。
②He apologised to her for not going to her party.
他因未出席她的派对向她表示歉意。
③You must make an apology to him for your fault.
你必须为你的过失向他赔罪。

10．(教材P13)The exact origin of baseball is unknown, but it is probably based on an old English game called rounders.
棒球的确切起源无人知晓，但它可能是以英国的一项被称为“圆场棒球”的游戏为基础的。
?be based on根据，以……为基础
(1)base v．　　　　　　　　　 以……为基地
base sth. on/upon sth. 以……为基础
(2)base n. 基地；基础
(3)basis n. 基础；根据
on the basis of 以……为根据
①Judgment should be based on facts, not on hearsay.
判断应该以事实为依据，而不应该依靠道听途说。
②Edison based his ideas on scientific experiments.
爱迪生把他的想法建立在科学实验的基础上。
③Our products are priced on the basis of reasonable profit.
我们的产品定价是以合理利润为基础的。

To do this, he told Yao to be more aggressive and, if necessary, to be rude to his teammates.
要想做到这一点，他告诉姚明要更富有攻击性，如果有必要的话，对他的队友粗鲁一些。
(1)if necessary“如果必要的话”，是一个省略句，补充完整应为if it was necessary。
(2)在条件状语从句中，当从句的主语是it，谓语动词中又含有be动词时，可以把it和be动词一起省略，常构成“if＋形容词”的结构。常见的有：
if necessary　　　　　　 如果必要的话
if convenient 如果方便的话
if possible 如果可能的话
if any 如果有的话
if not 如果不的话
if so 如果这样的话
if ever 如果曾经有过的话
①If the steps you take are working, keep it up. If not, take another look at other methods you could try.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)
如果你采取的这些措施有用就继续下去。如果不这样的话，看一看你能尝试的其他方法。
②Being kind to others should be everyone's principle of life. If so, our world will be more peaceful and beautiful.
对人友善应该是每个人的生活准则。如果这样的话，我们的世界将会更加和平和美丽。
③If possible, I'm going to visit some homes for the old in the city.
如果有可能的话，我将去探望市里的几家敬老院。
(3)其他状语从句省略的情况：当从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，若从句的谓语动词是be动词或包含be的某种形式，此时从句的主语和be动词通常可以一同省略。常见于以下几种形式：连词＋形容词/名词/现在分词/过去分词/不定式/介词短语等。
④Work hard when (you are) young, or you'll regret.
少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。
⑤While (she was) walking (walk) along the river bank, she was singing a pop song.
她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。
⑥He stood up as if (he were) to say (say) something.
他站起来好像要说什么。
[名师点津]　状语从句省略歌诀
省略句，真容易，符合两条就可以；从句谓语含有be，两句主语一样的；从句若有it be，照样省去不迟疑；选择?ed或?ing，主动被动看仔细。


Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．When informed (inform) of a serious problem, a good manager will take corrective measures rather than ignore it.
2．She saw a small river with green grass and red flowers on both sides.
3．The success of this project relies on/upon everyone to make an effort.
4．He shook me by the hand and we opened a conversation instantly (instant)．
5．—You will go to work? Why not take my car?
—No, thanks.I'm used to walking (walk)．
6．People today make choices of their diets based (base) on what they believe.
7．Part of the reason why Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was that it was rather closely modeled on his own life.
8．The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog following (follow) them.
9．Your rudeness to him is terrible, for which you should apologise to him.
10．Both sides committed themselves (they) to pushing forward this vitally important relationship between our two countries.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Parents should tell the child to make an apology/apologize to others (向别人道歉) when he does something wrong to them.
2．Do you know whom the house was in the possession of (被……拥有) ten years ago?
3．She waved to attract the attention of the waitress (吸引女侍者的注意)．
4．I promise I can finish my work today. If not (如果不的话), you can punish me.
5．He is used to doing (习惯做) that work little by little.
6．She was so absorbed in her job (如此专注于工作) that she didn't hear anybody knocking at the door.

一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
[本课语言点针对练习]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Plants absorb (吸收) minerals and other nutrients from the soil.
2．You can also obtain (得到) knowledge through practice.
3．It is typical (典型的) of most new technologies that the younger generation is quick to adopt them.
4．The old man had no breath when the ambulance (救护车) reached the hospital.
5．Though we weep (哭泣) through the night, joy will come in the morning.
6．Unemployment has been a nationwide (全国各地的) problem in the last few years.
7．Young people often drink instant (速溶的) coffee in the office.
8．One cannot escape being punished if he commits (犯罪) crimes.
9．200 dollars a month is not adequate (足够的) to support the whole family.
10．Middle school students had better read the versions (改编本) in Chinese.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1. He used to going swimming in summer. Now he is used to running. going→go
2．The guide drew our attention on the magnificent carved desk.on→to
3．He made apology to me for hurting my feelings.made后加an
4．The progress of the society is base on harmony.base→based
5．You cannot legally take the possession of the property until three weeks after the contract is signed. 去掉第一个the
Ⅲ.选词填空
if necessary， make a commitment， have an appointment， all the time， be rude to
1．I have an appointment with Dr. Smith, but I need to change it.
2．It would be rude to remark upon her appearance.
3．Remember to keep a notebook at hand all the time.
4．They were ready to die, if necessary, for their country.
5．I made a commitment to him to pay off all of the debt.
[本单元语言点温故练习]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It's healthier to release frustration (frustrate) than to bottle it up.
2．You might be a thought more considerate (consider) of other people.
3．A man is not born in possession of knowledge.
4．I made an apology (apologise) to him for my misunderstanding of his kindness.
5．As rain has fallen, the goods cannot be shipped (ship)．
6．As we know, reading books widely can widen (wide) your knowledge.
7．I was the first to arrive (arrive) at the inn and got the pick of rooms.
8．When deeply absorbed (absorb) in work, which he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.
9．His foreign friend has become used to living (live) in China.
10．To do her justice, we must admit that she did deserve to win (win)．
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．The instant the bus stopped (公共汽车一停下来), about fifty people tried to crush in.
2．At the beginning of the study the runners ran for about four hours a week on average (平均)．
3．There is no doubt that (毫无疑问) it has its negative effects as well as positive effects.
4．I might be away next week. If so (如果这样的话) I won't be able to see you.
5．His story is based on (以……为基础) his own experience when he served in the army in the Second World War.
6．The President is committed to reforming (承诺要改革) health care.
7．Children must attend school (上学) between the ages of 5 and 16.
8. People vary in taste (在爱好方面不同); some love music, some enjoy taking pictures, and still others are fond of climbing mountains.
9．If we don't concentrate our attention on our work (专心于我们的工作) we'll make a mistake.
10．He was appointed as (被任命为) the image ambassador of the charity activity.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.阅读理解
The discussion on renewable energy has been going on for at least a decade and people have relied on fossil fuels almost entirely for more than a century.However, the situation when fossil fuels were the most efficient and the cheapest source of energy has been left far in the past.Many countries such as Germany and Sweden have already made significant efforts to fix this situation, employing numerous power plants working on the renewable resources of energy.The most effective among these resources is geothermal (地热的) energy.
Geothermal energy does not depend on the world's economic and political situation as strongly as fossil fuels do.Besides, extracting (提炼) fossil fuels adds up to the price of energy produced from them.Therefore, geothermal energy is much cheaper than traditional ones, saving up to 80% of the costs over fossil fuels.
Being a renewable resource, geothermal energy produces less waste and pollution than traditional energy sources.In geothermal systems, carbon dioxide makes up about 10% of air produced.Overall, in order to produce the electricity that can be used for one hour, the geothermal systems produce 0.1 pound of carbon dioxide and other harmful gases.For a comparison, a power plant producing electricity from gas produces up to 2 pounds of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, and those power plants that work on coal (煤) produce an astonishing 3.6 pounds of greenhouse gases.
Low costs make another reason why using geothermal power plants should be the first choice for many countries.Geothermal heat systems require 25% to 50% less energy for work compared with the traditional systems for heating or cooling.Besides, geothermal equipment is less bulky: due to the very nature of geothermal energy, geothermal power plants have only a few moving parts, all of which can be easily sheltered inside a relatively small building.What's more, the life span of geothermal equipment is rather long.All these make geothermal power stations easy to build and keep.
语篇解读：地热作为非常重要的可再生清洁能源，将会给人们带来巨大的好处。
1．Fossil fuels are more expensive than geothermal energy partly because .
A．fossil fuels are nearly used up
B．it is free to use geothermal energy
C．the production of fossil fuels costs a lot
D．geothermal energy doesn't depend on political situation
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Besides, extracting (提炼) fossil fuel adds up to the price of energy produced from it.”可知，化石燃料需要经过提炼才能生产出来，所以这大大增加了它的生产成本，故答案为C项。
2．According to Paragraph 3, what can be concluded from the comparison?
A．Coal is much more efficient than gas.
B．Geothermal energy is environmentally friendly.
C．Gas and coal are often used to produce electricity.
D．The geothermal systems don't produce harmful gases.
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可知，经过对比发现，用地热能源生产电比用汽油和煤炭生产电更环保，因为用地热能源生产电排放的温室气体较少，故答案为B项。
3．What does the underlined word “bulky” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Being really big and heavy.
B．Being convenient to operate.
C．Being expensive and low effective.
D．Being unfriendly to the environment.
解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“due to the very nature of geothermal energy ... small building”可知生产地热的设备不是那么大而笨重的，因为它只有一些运转部件并能够放在相对小的建筑中，故答案为A项。
4．What is the main idea for this passage?
A．Fossil fuels are being run out of.
B．Geothermal energy is well accepted.
C．Geothermal energy has many advantages.
D．Many countries have benefited from geothermal energy.
解析：选C　主旨大意题。作者主要通过价格、环保、运行成本这三方面证明了地热能源比传统能源更有优势，故答案为C项。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Hangzhou is said to be a great source of inspiration for poets, artists and philosophers throughout Chinese history. 1 do people say so？When you visit Hangzhou's West Lake and its surrounding beautiful hills, you'll understand it 2 (immediate)．
While the rest of the country is moving from two wheels to four, cycling culture is still thriving (繁荣的) in Hangzhou.The city built China's 3 (one) bike?sharing system in 2008.Since then, it's 4 (become) one of the world's biggest and best public bike systems.You can hardly go a kilometer 5 passing a bike?sharing station.
Hangzhou 6 (grow) some of China's finest and most expensive green tea — Longjing Tea.Every spring, before the traditional Tomb Sweeping Festival, tea 7 (love) from all over the country come to Longjing, a village just south of West Lake, for the first cut of the top?quality tea.During the tea season — late March and April — you can smell the fresh aroma (芳香) of the tea in the village, when leaves 8 (pick) and roasted.The village is open to 9 public and you can pick your own tea after getting 10 (permit) from the local tea farmers.
语篇解读：本文介绍了人间天堂——杭州，它有着全国最早的公共自行车系统、有美丽的西湖山水和驰名中外的龙井绿茶。
1．Why　此处根据语境应填Why，表示人们为什么会说自古以来杭州都是诗人、艺术家和哲学家的灵感源泉。
2．immediately　修饰谓语动词understand，故填immediate的副词形式。
3．first　此处根据语境可知表示杭州在2008年建立了中国第一个公共自行车系统。
4．become　根据本句中的Since then，可判断该句时态为现在完成时，故填become的过去分词形式become。
5．without　根据语境，此处表示在杭州随处都能见到公共自行车系统，上文有否定词hardly，故此处填without。
6．grows　本句时态应为一般现在时，主语Hangzhou为单数第三人称，故填grows。
7．lovers　从句子的结构可知此处应用名词形式，表示“喜爱茶的人”。根据空格后面的定语“from all over the country”可知，此处句子主语应该用复数名词，根据句子的谓语动词come也可知答案。
8．are picked　所填词与句子主语leaves是被动关系，因此应该用被动语态。全文时态以现在时为主，故填are picked。
9．the　the public表示“公众”。
10．permission　“after getting permission from the local tea farmers”表示“在得到当地茶农的允许之后”。







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Section Ⅴ Writing — 人物传记

一、写作要领
1．开头
(1)直接开头法：这是最常见的一种开头方法。一般从人物的出生开始，按照时间先后顺序安排人物的典型事迹。
(2)倒叙开头法：这种方法常用于介绍在世的人物，通常截取最近发生在人物身上的一个典型的镜头进行切入，接着提及人物的过去。
(3)重要事件开头法：先点出人物生平最重要的事迹，或者他身上最显著的特点。接着展开介绍人物；可以继续按照从重要到次要排列介绍人物的其他事迹，也可以接着用第一种方法，即按照时间顺序继续展开。
2．正文
(1)直叙法：按照人物生卒年月的顺序，依次列举人物较有代表性的事迹。
(2)倒叙法：采用由近到远的时间顺序，叙述人物的生平。
(3)事迹法：按照事件对人物重要性的大小依次叙述。
3．结尾
1．直接结束法：以人物的卒年或者距离现在最近的一个事件直接结束文章。
2．评论结束法：根据上文叙述，加入作者对人物的看法和评价。
3．引用：引用其他人对该人物的评价来结束文章。
二、注意事项
1．一个人物的信息是多样的，注意选取一个主题切入。特别是简短传记的写作，更要集中叙述与主题相关的事迹。
2．传记写作的文字要相对平实，重点在于让读者了解人物的相关信息。
3．可以加入读者对人物的态度和评价，但必须客观公正，不能纯粹表达个人好恶。
三、增分佳句
1．介绍出生年月和出身
(1)be born of/into/in ...
(2)come from a ... family
2．介绍年龄、身高、体重等
(1)be ... years old
(2)be ... of age
(3)be in one's (early/late) fifties
(4)be ... tall/in height
(5)be ... kg heavy/in weight
3．描写人物性格
kind?hearted, a strong determination, good/bad tempered(脾气好/坏的)，talkative(健谈的), enthusiastic, warm?hearted, cold?hearted
4．评价用语
be respected by, be honored as, be considered as, be famous/known as/for/to

[题目要求]
根据下面的提示写一篇关于NBA球星勒布朗·詹姆斯(LeBron James)的文章，内容要包括以下要点，不要逐句翻译。注意：词数100左右。
内容提示：
生日 1984年12月30日
球队 克里夫兰骑士队(the Cleveland Cavaliers)
成就 多次获得最年轻球员称号以及NBA全明星的荣誉。有他参加的美国国家队在2004年希腊雅典的奥运会上获得铜牌。2007年，带领克里夫兰骑士队进入了NBA总决赛，这是这个队有史以来的第一次。
评论 他具有惊人的运动能力，且在球场上有良好的感觉。可能因为他像乔丹一样穿着23号球衣或者是因为他的超级运动能力，一些人称他为“小皇帝”。
第一步：审题构思很关键
一、审题
1．确定体裁：本文为一篇记叙文；
2．确定人称：本文主要人称为第三人称；
3．确定时态： 主要使用一般现在时。
二、构思
第一步：关于NBA球星勒布朗·詹姆斯的简单介绍。
第二步：对勒布朗·詹姆斯取得的成就的介绍。
第三步：对勒布朗·詹姆斯的评论。
第二步：核心词汇想周全
1．numerous　　　　　　　　　 许多的
2．incredible 难以置信的
3．for the first time 第一次
4．athletic ability/skills 运动员的能力
5．combine ... with ... 既有……又有……
第三步：由词扩句雏形现
1．勒布朗·詹姆斯出生于1984年12月30日，目前为克里夫兰骑士队效力。
LeBron James was born on December 30, 1984.He currently plays for the Cleveland Cavaliers.
2．他多次获得最年轻球员称号以及NBA全明星的荣誉。
He has set numerous youngest player records and received NBA All?Star honors many times.
3．有詹姆斯参加的美国国家队在2004年希腊雅典的奥运会上获得了铜牌。
James was a member of the United States men's national basketball team. It won the bronze medal in the 2004 Olympics in Athens, Greece.
4．2007年，他带领克里夫兰骑士队进入了NBA总决赛，这是这个队有史以来的第一次。
In 2007 the team led by him entered the NBA Finals for the first time in Cleveland's history.
5．詹姆斯具有惊人的运动能力，且在球场上有良好的感觉。
James combines amazing athletic ability with an incredible feel for the game.
6．可能因为他像乔丹一样穿着23号球衣或者是因为他的超级运动能力，他得了“小皇帝”的绰号。
Because he wears the same number 23 shirt as Michael Jordan or because of his super skills, he has got the nickname “King”．
第四步：句式升级造亮点
1．用who引导的定语从句改写句1
LeBron James, who was born on December 30, 1984, currently plays for the Cleveland Cavaliers.
2．用which引导的定语从句改写句3
James was a member of the United States men's national basketball team, which won the bronze medal in the 2004 Olympics in Athens, Greece.
3．用强调句型改写句6
It's either because he wears the same number 23 shirt as Michael Jordan or because of his super skills that he has got the nickname “King”．
第五步：过渡衔接联成篇
LeBron James, who was born on December 30, 1984, currently plays for the Cleveland Cavaliers.He has set numerous youngest player records and received NBA All?Star honors many times.James was a member of the United States men's national basketball team, which won the bronze medal in the 2004 Olympics in Athens, Greece.In
2007 the team led by him entered the NBA Finals for the first time in Cleveland's history.
James combines amazing athletic ability with an incredible feel for the game.It's either because he wears the same number 23 shirt as Michael Jordan or because of his super skills that he has got the nickname “King”．






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单元加餐练（一） 完形阅读组合练
Ⅰ.完形填空
Tom with his friend Jack went to his favorite newspaper stand. Jack 1 the salesman selling the newspapers gently, but in return he received poor 2 . The salesman never even looked up at his customer when he 3 the late?night edition. Accepting the 4 ， Jack politely smiled and wished the salesman a pleasant weekend. The salesman made an unclear sound and seemed 5 that the two men had completed their business. As the two friends walked down the street, Tom asked, “Does he always treat you so 6 ？”
“Yes， 7 ， he does，” Jack responded. “And are you always so 8 and friendly to him？” “Yes, I am！” Jack 9 as they turned a corner. “Why are you so nice when he is so unfriendly to you？” Jack 10 ， “Because I don't want him to decide how I am going to 11 .”
Who 12 how you are going to act? Is it your circumstances or the difficult people in your life that determine your 13 ？ When we allow our conflicts to 14 us, we behave as if getting rid of our difficulties is our only priority. 15 ， it doesn't really matter how we treat one another. For example, we'll say, “This 16 is causing me problems right now so I don't care about exercising 17 ， self?control, and loving kindness. Instead, I want to let him know how 18 I am because of his action.”
We forget our difficulties will eventually weaken. But the way we handle conflicts will influence our 19 for a long time. Will you only respond to the momentary crisis or will you be more concerned about the 20 of what kind of person you are becoming? Who decides how you will behave when the pressure is on?
语篇解读：本文讲述了卖报纸的销售员虽然一直对杰克很不礼貌，但是杰克对他却依然彬彬有礼的故事，启发我们不要让他人的行为决定我们的行为。
1．A.praised　　　　　　　　 B．paid
C．greeted D．invited
解析：选C　杰克温柔地向卖报纸的销售员打招呼。greet“和(某人)打招呼”；praise“赞扬”；pay“付钱”；invite“邀请”。
2．A.harvest B．service
C．instructions D．scores
解析：选B　根据常识可知销售员应该是提供服务的。service“服务”；harvest“收获”；instruction“指导”；score“分数”。
3．A.asked B．completed
C．requested D．printed
解析：选C　当杰克要求买晚报时，销售员甚至从未抬头看过他。request“要求”；ask“问”；complete“完成”；print“印刷”。
4．A.newspaper B．record
C．radio D．food
解析：选A　根据第一段第一句“Tom with his friend Jack went to his favorite newspaper stand.”可知收到报纸后，杰克有礼貌地对他笑了笑并祝销售员周末愉快。
5．A.relieved B．disappointed
C．encouraged D．worried
解析：选A　根据“that the two men had completed their business”可知完成交易后松了口气最为恰当。relieve“松了口气”；disappoint“失望”；encourage“鼓励”；worry“担心”。
6．A.separately B．seriously
C．rudely D．quickly
解析：选C　根据上文“but in return he received poor 2 . The salesman never even looked up ...the two men had completed their business.”可知销售员对杰克很粗鲁。
7．A.strictly B．unfortunately
C．originally D．finally
解析：选B　汤姆问道：“他对你总是这么粗鲁吗？”杰克回答道：“不幸的是，确实如此”。unfortunately“不幸地”；strictly“严格地”；originally“最初地”；finally“最终地”。
8．A.content B．smart
C．polite D．energetic
解析：选C　根据后面的“friendly”可知。polite“有礼貌的”；content“满意的”；smart“聪明的”；energetic“精力充沛的”。
9．A.struggled B．hesitated
C．watched D．continued
解析：选D　汤姆又问了一个问题，杰克应该是继续说道。continue“继续”；struggle“挣扎”；hesitate“犹豫”；watch“看”。
10．A.ordered B．explained
C．advised D．wondered
解析：选B　根据上句“Why are you so nice when he is so unfriendly to you？”可知此处杰克应该解释。explain“解释”；order“命令”；advise“建议”；wonder“想知道”。
11．A.behave B．work
C．arrive D．write
解析：选A　杰克说他不想让销售员决定他的行为。behave“行为，举止”；work“工作”；arrive“到达”；write“写”。
12．A.imagines B．decides
C．answers D．doubts
解析：选B　根据上文“Because I don't want him to decide how I am going to 11 .”可知此处是提出问题：谁来决定你的行为？decide“决定”；imagine“想象”；answer“回答”；doubt“怀疑”。
13．A.growth B．appearance
C．responses D．progress
解析：选C　是你所处的环境还是生活中那些不随和的人决定你的答复呢？response“回答”；growth“成长”；appearance“外表”；progress“进步”。
14．A.control B．wound
C．cheat D．kill
解析：选A　当我们允许我们的矛盾来控制我们，我们表现得好像摆脱掉我们的麻烦是我们唯一的优先选择。control“控制”；wound“受伤”；cheat“欺骗”；kill“杀死”。
15．A.Instead B．Therefore
C．Again D．Besides
解析：选B　“When we allow our conflicts to ... only priority.”与“it doesn't really matter how we treat one another”是因果关系，故用therefore。therefore“因此”；instead“代替”；again“再，又”；besides“此外”。
16．A.exam B．trip
C．person D．enemy
解析：选C　根据下文“Instead, I want to let him know how 18 I am because of his action.”可知有人在给我制造麻烦。
17．A.pressure B．patience
C．duty D．power
解析：选B　有人在给我制造麻烦，因此我会失去耐心、自控和善良。patience“耐心”；pressure“压力”；duty“责任”；power“权力”。
18．A.proud B．angry
C．glad D．fearful
解析：选B　根据上句“This 16 is causing me problems right now so I don't care about exercising 17 ， self?control, and loving kindness.”可知我想让他知道因为他的行为我有多么生气。
19．A.team B．experiments
C．friendship D．lives
解析：选D　但是我们处理矛盾的方式将影响我们的生活很长时间。life“生活”；team“队”；experiment“实验”；friendship“友谊”。
20．A.time B．value
C．use D．nationality
解析：选B　你是仅会对印象深刻的危机做出回应还是你更关注你会成为怎样的人所具有的价值？value“价值”；time“时间”；use“用处”；nationality“国籍”。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
In a few weeks, the halls of a school in Nanuet, N．Y., will be full of mini race cars. The vehicles are carefully designed to achieve great speed.
But the cars' makers aren't college?level engineers; they're middle?school students attempting to learn about physics and technology. “It's rewriting what's possible in education，” says Vinny Garrison, the teacher who organizes the races.
According to a survey, nearly three?fourths of U．S. teachers use technology to encourage students to learn. And that tech is getting smarter: students can now tour ancient worlds to learn history, take quizzes via smartphone and more. Most of the changes are designed to better prepare U．S. students for careers in fast?growing fields like science and engineering. But they can come at a cost. A$500 million plan to supply Los Angeles students with iPads was recently stopped after students found ways to avoid content filters (过滤器)．
So far, however, research shows that using tech in the right ways can make students smarter and more creative. Here is a look at six new technologies that are shaping the classrooms of the future.
1．MakerBot has already placed more than 5,000 3?D printers in U．S. schools that are designed to help students create model cars (to learn about physics), model frogs (to learn about biology) and more.
2．Publishing company McGraw?Hill's line of digital SmartBooks quizzes students after every chapter and stresses the material they need to review; teachers can use that data to better know their students.
3．Hewlett?Packard is testing touchscreen blackboards in a model classroom in Taipei, which are connected with students' individual computers, allowing them to copy notes and view multimedia (多媒体)．
4．Some classrooms at the University of North Carolina feature rolling desks, which allow students to easily switch from listening to a teacher to organizing into small groups.
5．Instead of purchasing new tech, schools in Katy, Texas, ask kids to bring their own smartphones — so they can conduct research, answer quizzes via text and more.
6．In order to help kids understand teamwork and trust, the Kickstarter?funded Empathy Toy — already used in roughly 400 schools globally — requires them to cooperate on building blocks (积木) while they are blindfolded.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。虽然现代科技在教育领域的使用像一把双刃剑，但是正确的使用能对学生产生促进作用。
1．The car races are organized .
A．to challenge college students
B．by middle?school students
C．for educational purposes
D．at New York City Hall
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“they're middle?school students attempting to learn about physics and technology”可知，学生设计这些赛车是出于学习的目的。
2．The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refers to .
A．fields　　　　　　　　 B．changes
C．careers D．students
解析：选B　代词指代题。根据第三段内容可知，科技给教育带来了变化，这些变化对学生的学习有所帮助，但同时也伴随着代价，故此处的 they 指代 changes。
3．Which of the following is helpful for students' practical skills?
A．MakerBot.
B．SmartBooks.
C．Touchscreen blackboards.
D．Empathy Toy.
解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“MakerBot ... help students create model cars (to learn about physics), model frogs (to learn about biology) and more.”可知，MakerBot能帮助学生制作模型，对于锻炼学生的实际动手能力有好处。
4．What's the purpose of this text?
A．To report applications of technology in schools.
B．To show students' great interest in technology.
C．To describe some research work on education.
D．To recommend some advanced technologies.
解析：选A　写作意图题。通读全文可知，作者以客观的口吻介绍了现代科技在教育领域的应用，既介绍了它的好处，也谈到了它的弊端。故选A项。
加餐练(二)　主观题规范增分练
Ⅰ.语法填空
A CCTV history program that mixes documentaries and drama with variety shows in 1 hope of promoting the protection of prized cultural legacies (遗产) has become a hit.National Treasure is the first Chinese TV program 2 (take) this unique approach.It consists of 10 episodes (集) airing on Sundays on Channel Three of CCTV.
Each episode exhibits three of the 3 (fine) cultural treasures in China, each presented by a celebrity (名人) and an expert who 4 (act) as “national treasure keepers”．The treasure keepers tell the stories behind the pieces and uncover the mysteries that surround them.Yu Lei, 5 is the producer and director of the show, said, “The show presents the treasures through different artistic methods, and tries to make sense of the stories and history behind each treasure, so that audiences can come to appreciate not only their beauty, but also their cultural 6 (significant)．”
Nine major museums are participating, 7 (range) from The Palace Museum to Liaoning Provincial Museum.As for the treasures' selection criteria, Yu said the show tries to take 8 account historical, artistic and scientific values. “The pieces featured on the show are 9 (possible) not all the so?called representative pieces in these museums, but they should represent some historic periods and reflect an important point in history.”
The roles of national treasure keepers in the first episode 10 (play) by Tony Leung Ka?fai, Li Chen and Wang Kai on December 3, 2017.Yu said the crew hopes to reach more people by using these famous actors.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简单介绍了最近风靡中国的文博探索节目——《国家宝藏》。
1．the　in the hope of ...“希望……”，是固定搭配。
2．to take　《国家宝藏》是第一个采用这种特别的方法的中国电视节目。当名词前有序数词修饰时，其后往往用不定式作后置定语，故填to take。
3．finest　每一集展出中国最好的文化宝藏中的三个。根据语境和句子结构可知，此处应用形容词的最高级形式。
4．act　act在从句中作谓语，主语是who，指代先行词a celebrity (名人) and an expert，表示复数意义，从句谓语用复数形式，故填act。
5．who　分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Yu Lei，且在从句中作主语，故用who引导从句。
6．significance　根据空格前的形容词性物主代词their可知，此处应用所给词的名词形式significance“重要性，意义”。
7．ranging　逗号后面显然是非谓语动词短语作状语，range与句子主语是逻辑上的主动关系，故应用range的现在分词形式。
8．into　这个节目努力把历史价值、艺术价值和科学价值考虑进来。take ...into account ＝ take into account ...“考虑……”。
9．possibly　此处修饰谓语，应该用副词possibly“可能”。
10．were played　根据句中所给的时间状语“on December 3, 2017”可知，本句要用一般过去时；play“扮演”与主语The roles是被动关系，故用被动语态。
Ⅱ.短文改错
Several years before, my friend and I would often drive to Chicago to pay a visit our other friends. After a couple of trips we noticed that there was a homeless man always sitting at a same exit of the subway. One day we brought some food with us and gave them to him. When he saw what we have brought for him, he became exciting with joy. After seeing his reaction, my friend and I decided to take our action a little of farther. One night we packed up sandwiches and bottles of water, looking for people whom were in need. The look of joy in the face of each person we helped was one of the most amazing feeling in my life.
答案：第一句：before→ago; visit后加to
第二句：at后的a→the
第三句：them→it
第四句：have→had; exciting→excited
第五句：去掉of
第六句：whom→who
第七句：第一个in→on; feeling→feelings
Ⅲ.书面表达
假定你是李华，你的笔友Johnson给你写信咨询有关中国女排名将朱婷的信息，请你根据以下提示回信答复。
姓名 朱婷 国籍 中国
出生日期 1994年11月29日 出生地点 河南
身高 1.98 m 体重 75 kg
团队 荣誉 2013 World Grand Prix (Silver Medal)
2014 World Championship (Silver Medal)
2015 World Cup (Gold Medal)
个人 Most Valuable Player (4次)
荣誉
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。







参考范文：
Dear Johnson，
I am very glad that you want to know something about Zhu Ting. She was born on November 29, 1994, in Henan Province. She became interested in volleyball in the training school and showed a great talent for volleyball. Besides, she has a perfect body with 1.98 m in height and 75 kg in weight. As a result, she plays as an outside hitter for the team. Thanks to her gift, especially her efforts, she has made great progress and already been awarded “Most Valuable Player” four times. Meanwhile, with team spirit and cooperation, China women's national volleyball team won two silver medals in 2013 and 2014, and a gold medal in 2015.
Yours，
Li Hua






PAGE



7









Module 1 Basketball
单元小结Li Ping's parents take possession of a large company. However, Li Ping is not selfish. He is not used to being rude to others. He is an independent boy all the time, who doesn't want to rely on his parents. At school, he absorbs all the knowledge his teachers could give him. There is no doubt that his grades are outstanding. It's typical of him to help others. What's more, he is strict with himself and never commits any mistakes. Based on his nature and strong spirit of teamwork, he was appointed as monitor of their class by his headteacher.
李平的父母拥有一家大公司。然而，李平一点也不自私，他不习惯于对别人粗鲁。他一直是一个独立的男孩，他不想依赖父母。在学校，他把老师教的知识统统吸收了。毫无疑问，他的成绩非常优秀。帮助别人是他的风格。而且，他严格要求自己，从来不犯错误。根据他的天性和强烈的合作精神，他被班主任任命为他们班的班长。

加餐练(一)　完形阅读组合练
Ⅰ.完形填空
Tom with his friend Jack went to his favorite newspaper stand. Jack 1 the salesman selling the newspapers gently, but in return he received poor 2 . The salesman never even looked up at his customer when he 3 the late?night edition. Accepting the 4 ， Jack politely smiled and wished the salesman a pleasant weekend. The salesman made an unclear sound and seemed 5 that the two men had completed their business. As the two friends walked down the street, Tom asked, “Does he always treat you so 6 ？”
“Yes， 7 ， he does，” Jack responded. “And are you always so 8 and friendly to him？” “Yes, I am！” Jack 9 as they turned a corner. “Why are you so nice when he is so unfriendly to you？” Jack 10 ， “Because I don't want him to decide how I am going to 11 .”
Who 12 how you are going to act? Is it your circumstances or the difficult people in your life that determine your 13 ？ When we allow our conflicts to 14 us, we behave as if getting rid of our difficulties is our only priority. 15 ， it doesn't really matter how we treat one another. For example, we'll say, “This 16 is causing me problems right now so I don't care about exercising 17 ， self?control, and loving kindness. Instead, I want to let him know how 18 I am because of his action.”
We forget our difficulties will eventually weaken. But the way we handle conflicts will influence our 19 for a long time. Will you only respond to the momentary crisis or will you be more concerned about the 20 of what kind of person you are becoming? Who decides how you will behave when the pressure is on?
语篇解读：本文讲述了卖报纸的销售员虽然一直对杰克很不礼貌，但是杰克对他却依然彬彬有礼的故事，启发我们不要让他人的行为决定我们的行为。
1．A.praised　　　　　　　　 B．paid
C．greeted D．invited
解析：选C　杰克温柔地向卖报纸的销售员打招呼。greet“和(某人)打招呼”；praise“赞扬”；pay“付钱”；invite“邀请”。
2．A.harvest B．service
C．instructions D．scores
解析：选B　根据常识可知销售员应该是提供服务的。service“服务”；harvest“收获”；instruction“指导”；score“分数”。
3．A.asked B．completed
C．requested D．printed
解析：选C　当杰克要求买晚报时，销售员甚至从未抬头看过他。request“要求”；ask“问”；complete“完成”；print“印刷”。
4．A.newspaper B．record
C．radio D．food
解析：选A　根据第一段第一句“Tom with his friend Jack went to his favorite newspaper stand.”可知收到报纸后，杰克有礼貌地对他笑了笑并祝销售员周末愉快。
5．A.relieved B．disappointed
C．encouraged D．worried
解析：选A　根据“that the two men had completed their business”可知完成交易后松了口气最为恰当。relieve“松了口气”；disappoint“失望”；encourage“鼓励”；worry“担心”。
6．A.separately B．seriously
C．rudely D．quickly
解析：选C　根据上文“but in return he received poor 2 . The salesman never even looked up ...the two men had completed their business.”可知销售员对杰克很粗鲁。
7．A.strictly B．unfortunately
C．originally D．finally
解析：选B　汤姆问道：“他对你总是这么粗鲁吗？”杰克回答道：“不幸的是，确实如此”。unfortunately“不幸地”；strictly“严格地”；originally“最初地”；finally“最终地”。
8．A.content B．smart
C．polite D．energetic
解析：选C　根据后面的“friendly”可知。polite“有礼貌的”；content“满意的”；smart“聪明的”；energetic“精力充沛的”。
9．A.struggled B．hesitated
C．watched D．continued
解析：选D　汤姆又问了一个问题，杰克应该是继续说道。continue“继续”；struggle“挣扎”；hesitate“犹豫”；watch“看”。
10．A.ordered B．explained
C．advised D．wondered
解析：选B　根据上句“Why are you so nice when he is so unfriendly to you？”可知此处杰克应该解释。explain“解释”；order“命令”；advise“建议”；wonder“想知道”。
11．A.behave B．work
C．arrive D．write
解析：选A　杰克说他不想让销售员决定他的行为。behave“行为，举止”；work“工作”；arrive“到达”；write“写”。
12．A.imagines B．decides
C．answers D．doubts
解析：选B　根据上文“Because I don't want him to decide how I am going to 11 .”可知此处是提出问题：谁来决定你的行为？decide“决定”；imagine“想象”；answer“回答”；doubt“怀疑”。
13．A.growth B．appearance
C．responses D．progress
解析：选C　是你所处的环境还是生活中那些不随和的人决定你的答复呢？response“回答”；growth“成长”；appearance“外表”；progress“进步”。
14．A.control B．wound
C．cheat D．kill
解析：选A　当我们允许我们的矛盾来控制我们，我们表现得好像摆脱掉我们的麻烦是我们唯一的优先选择。control“控制”；wound“受伤”；cheat“欺骗”；kill“杀死”。
15．A.Instead B．Therefore
C．Again D．Besides
解析：选B　“When we allow our conflicts to ... only priority.”与“it doesn't really matter how we treat one another”是因果关系，故用therefore。therefore“因此”；instead“代替”；again“再，又”；besides“此外”。
16．A.exam B．trip
C．person D．enemy
解析：选C　根据下文“Instead, I want to let him know how 18 I am because of his action.”可知有人在给我制造麻烦。
17．A.pressure B．patience
C．duty D．power
解析：选B　有人在给我制造麻烦，因此我会失去耐心、自控和善良。patience“耐心”；pressure“压力”；duty“责任”；power“权力”。
18．A.proud B．angry
C．glad D．fearful
解析：选B　根据上句“This 16 is causing me problems right now so I don't care about exercising 17 ， self?control, and loving kindness.”可知我想让他知道因为他的行为我有多么生气。
19．A.team B．experiments
C．friendship D．lives
解析：选D　但是我们处理矛盾的方式将影响我们的生活很长时间。life“生活”；team“队”；experiment“实验”；friendship“友谊”。
20．A.time B．value
C．use D．nationality
解析：选B　你是仅会对印象深刻的危机做出回应还是你更关注你会成为怎样的人所具有的价值？value“价值”；time“时间”；use“用处”；nationality“国籍”。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
In a few weeks, the halls of a school in Nanuet, N．Y., will be full of mini race cars. The vehicles are carefully designed to achieve great speed.
But the cars' makers aren't college?level engineers; they're middle?school students attempting to learn about physics and technology. “It's rewriting what's possible in education，” says Vinny Garrison, the teacher who organizes the races.
According to a survey, nearly three?fourths of U．S. teachers use technology to encourage students to learn. And that tech is getting smarter: students can now tour ancient worlds to learn history, take quizzes via smartphone and more. Most of the changes are designed to better prepare U．S. students for careers in fast?growing fields like science and engineering. But they can come at a cost. A$500 million plan to supply Los Angeles students with iPads was recently stopped after students found ways to avoid content filters (过滤器)．
So far, however, research shows that using tech in the right ways can make students smarter and more creative. Here is a look at six new technologies that are shaping the classrooms of the future.
1．MakerBot has already placed more than 5,000 3?D printers in U．S. schools that are designed to help students create model cars (to learn about physics), model frogs (to learn about biology) and more.
2．Publishing company McGraw?Hill's line of digital SmartBooks quizzes students after every chapter and stresses the material they need to review; teachers can use that data to better know their students.
3．Hewlett?Packard is testing touchscreen blackboards in a model classroom in Taipei, which are connected with students' individual computers, allowing them to copy notes and view multimedia (多媒体)．
4．Some classrooms at the University of North Carolina feature rolling desks, which allow students to easily switch from listening to a teacher to organizing into small groups.
5．Instead of purchasing new tech, schools in Katy, Texas, ask kids to bring their own smartphones — so they can conduct research, answer quizzes via text and more.
6．In order to help kids understand teamwork and trust, the Kickstarter?funded Empathy Toy — already used in roughly 400 schools globally — requires them to cooperate on building blocks (积木) while they are blindfolded.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。虽然现代科技在教育领域的使用像一把双刃剑，但是正确的使用能对学生产生促进作用。
1．The car races are organized .
A．to challenge college students
B．by middle?school students
C．for educational purposes
D．at New York City Hall
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“they're middle?school students attempting to learn about physics and technology”可知，学生设计这些赛车是出于学习的目的。
2．The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refers to .
A．fields　　　　　　　　 B．changes
C．careers D．students
解析：选B　代词指代题。根据第三段内容可知，科技给教育带来了变化，这些变化对学生的学习有所帮助，但同时也伴随着代价，故此处的 they 指代 changes。
3．Which of the following is helpful for students' practical skills?
A．MakerBot.
B．SmartBooks.
C．Touchscreen blackboards.
D．Empathy Toy.
解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“MakerBot ... help students create model cars (to learn about physics), model frogs (to learn about biology) and more.”可知，MakerBot能帮助学生制作模型，对于锻炼学生的实际动手能力有好处。
4．What's the purpose of this text?
A．To report applications of technology in schools.
B．To show students' great interest in technology.
C．To describe some research work on education.
D．To recommend some advanced technologies.
解析：选A　写作意图题。通读全文可知，作者以客观的口吻介绍了现代科技在教育领域的应用，既介绍了它的好处，也谈到了它的弊端。故选A项。
加餐练(二)　主观题规范增分练
Ⅰ.语法填空
A CCTV history program that mixes documentaries and drama with variety shows in 1 hope of promoting the protection of prized cultural legacies (遗产) has become a hit.National Treasure is the first Chinese TV program 2 (take) this unique approach.It consists of 10 episodes (集) airing on Sundays on Channel Three of CCTV.
Each episode exhibits three of the 3 (fine) cultural treasures in China, each presented by a celebrity (名人) and an expert who 4 (act) as “national treasure keepers”．The treasure keepers tell the stories behind the pieces and uncover the mysteries that surround them.Yu Lei, 5 is the producer and director of the show, said, “The show presents the treasures through different artistic methods, and tries to make sense of the stories and history behind each treasure, so that audiences can come to appreciate not only their beauty, but also their cultural 6 (significant)．”
Nine major museums are participating, 7 (range) from The Palace Museum to Liaoning Provincial Museum.As for the treasures' selection criteria, Yu said the show tries to take 8 account historical, artistic and scientific values. “The pieces featured on the show are 9 (possible) not all the so?called representative pieces in these museums, but they should represent some historic periods and reflect an important point in history.”
The roles of national treasure keepers in the first episode 10 (play) by Tony Leung Ka?fai, Li Chen and Wang Kai on December 3, 2017.Yu said the crew hopes to reach more people by using these famous actors.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简单介绍了最近风靡中国的文博探索节目——《国家宝藏》。
1．the　in the hope of ...“希望……”，是固定搭配。
2．to take　《国家宝藏》是第一个采用这种特别的方法的中国电视节目。当名词前有序数词修饰时，其后往往用不定式作后置定语，故填to take。
3．finest　每一集展出中国最好的文化宝藏中的三个。根据语境和句子结构可知，此处应用形容词的最高级形式。
4．act　act在从句中作谓语，主语是who，指代先行词a celebrity (名人) and an expert，表示复数意义，从句谓语用复数形式，故填act。
5．who　分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Yu Lei，且在从句中作主语，故用who引导从句。
6．significance　根据空格前的形容词性物主代词their可知，此处应用所给词的名词形式significance“重要性，意义”。
7．ranging　逗号后面显然是非谓语动词短语作状语，range与句子主语是逻辑上的主动关系，故应用range的现在分词形式。
8．into　这个节目努力把历史价值、艺术价值和科学价值考虑进来。take ...into account ＝ take into account ...“考虑……”。
9．possibly　此处修饰谓语，应该用副词possibly“可能”。
10．were played　根据句中所给的时间状语“on December 3, 2017”可知，本句要用一般过去时；play“扮演”与主语The roles是被动关系，故用被动语态。
Ⅱ.短文改错
Several years before, my friend and I would often drive to Chicago to pay a visit our other friends. After a couple of trips we noticed that there was a homeless man always sitting at a same exit of the subway. One day we brought some food with us and gave them to him. When he saw what we have brought for him, he became exciting with joy. After seeing his reaction, my friend and I decided to take our action a little of farther. One night we packed up sandwiches and bottles of water, looking for people whom were in need. The look of joy in the face of each person we helped was one of the most amazing feeling in my life.
答案：第一句：before→ago; visit后加to
第二句：at后的a→the
第三句：them→it
第四句：have→had; exciting→excited
第五句：去掉of
第六句：whom→who
第七句：第一个in→on; feeling→feelings
Ⅲ.书面表达
假定你是李华，你的笔友Johnson给你写信咨询有关中国女排名将朱婷的信息，请你根据以下提示回信答复。
姓名 朱婷 国籍 中国
出生日期 1994年11月29日 出生地点 河南
身高 1.98 m 体重 75 kg
团队 荣誉 2013 World Grand Prix (Silver Medal)
2014 World Championship (Silver Medal)
2015 World Cup (Gold Medal)
个人 Most Valuable Player (4次)
荣誉
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。







参考范文：
Dear Johnson，
I am very glad that you want to know something about Zhu Ting. She was born on November 29, 1994, in Henan Province. She became interested in volleyball in the training school and showed a great talent for volleyball. Besides, she has a perfect body with 1.98 m in height and 75 kg in weight. As a result, she plays as an outside hitter for the team. Thanks to her gift, especially her efforts, she has made great progress and already been awarded “Most Valuable Player” four times. Meanwhile, with team spirit and cooperation, China women's national volleyball team won two silver medals in 2013 and 2014, and a gold medal in 2015.
Yours，
Li Hua







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课时跟踪练(二) Introduction & Reading — Language Points
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．People wanted to know who this talented (有天赋的) designer was.
2．He was named their most valued (有价值的) player five times.
3．I am the first child in my family to attend (上学) college.
4．(2017·江苏高考)In 1900, people died at the average (平均数) age of 30.
5．Their last concert was really awesome (了不起的)．
6．He decided to leave school for various (各种各样的) reasons.
7．Have you drunk the entire (整个的) bottle?
8．Any dog bite, no matter how small, needs immediate (立刻的) medical attention.
9．You've been working all morning — you deserve (应得) a rest.
10．My generation (一代人) have grown up without the experience of a world war.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Let us respond.Let us rise as one man in the defence of our motherland.去掉the
2．His mother was ill, so he must attend her. attend后加to
3．If we have finished our work, there is no point staying any longer. point后加in
4．The old doctor deserved be honoured for a lifetime of unselfish work. be前加to
5．I would be the last to attempting to answer the question. attempting→attempt
6．Above average, Mr Kelly works out four days a week for at least an hour at a time. Above→On
Ⅲ.选词填空
in the history of， grow up， with an average of， rescue from， at one point， play against， be known as， one after another， millions of， more than
1．All patients were followed up for 7－36 months with an average of 17 months.
2．I want to be a doctor when I grow up.
3．The invention of the wheel was a milestone in the history of the world.
4．At one point, it seemed that the plane would fall apart in the shaking.
5．You can learn more when you play against a good opponent.
6．During those years silk factories closed down one after another.
7．The child was rescued from the fire, but died soon after for terrible burns.
8．Zhang Yimou is known as a very famous director in China.
9．This picture is supposedly worth more than a million pounds.
10．Dinosaurs have been extinct for millions of years.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Michael Jordan was born in New York and grew 1.up in North Carolina. He 2.attended (attend) the University of North Carolina for a year and then joined the Chicago Bulls. In 1987, Jordan became only the second player 3.to score (score) over 3,000 points in a season. With him, the Bulls won their first NBA championship in 1991 and again in 1992 and 1993. Jordan 4.surprised (surprise) everyone when he retired before the 1993－1994 season, 5.but he rejoined the Chicago Bulls and won three more championships from 1996 to 1998. 6.Wearing (wear) his famous number 23 shirt, Michael Jordan became the most successful basketball player in 7.the history of the game. He 8.was named (name) the most valued player five times. 9.Off the basketball court, Michael Jordan opened his own steak restaurant because he loves steak so much. He also found 10.success (succeed) as an actor in the film Space Jam.
Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达
汤姆是一个优秀的(outstanding)男孩，不仅功课学得不错而且乐于助人。他早晨7：30上学 (attend school)，在学校他努力学习各门功课。每一次考试，他分数很高，平均为 (with an average of) 90分。一天，在上学的路上他看见一位老人躺在地上并立刻 (immediate) 采取行动将其送往医院。在医生的帮助下，老人好多了。校长得知这件事后，表扬了汤姆。毫无疑问 (there is no doubt that) 汤姆值得 (deserve) 表扬。
Tom is an outstanding boy, who is not only good at his lessons but also ready to help others.He attends school at 7：30 in the morning, where he works hard at his lessons.In each exam, he gets high marks with an average of 90 points.One day, on his way to school he saw an old man lying on the ground and took immediate action to send him to the hospital.With the doctor's help, the old man was better.When the headmaster heard of it, he praised Tom.There is no doubt that Tom deserves to be praised/praising.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.完形填空
When I was at my lowest point in life, I never would have guessed that after all the unhappiness I faced, I would eventually be able to have a successful career and business. When I look 1 now, I can see clearly that there was 2 one, simple step that I failed to take. I 3 to craft (精巧地制作) a satisfying and successful career. Depressed and 4 ， I thought to myself, “Maybe it's just me — maybe I'll just never find 5 happiness.”
Finally, after years 6 in that depression, I decided that I wouldn't allow it to 7 there. I decided to take a completely new kind of 8 ， I allowed myself this time to dream as 9 as possible. I committed (承诺) myself to the 10 that no matter how strange and crazy my dream 11 ， or what I'd have to give up, I'd believe 12 it, and I'd go for it with 13 I 've got. That was the simple step that turned everything 14 ： to believe in what I was capable of and the impact I could 15 — to focus not on what I had been, but on what I could be.
Now, with every single training program I deliver, I emphasize this one key message: that you are capable of much more than you can even 16 at, but you can't bring into 17 that shining new identity (身份) until you allow yourself to believe in what you can't see. I'm still shocked when I talk to professionals who can't 18 the simplest questions about what they really want. Here's a harsh reality — you can't be happy or build great success and reward if you don't know yourself, or understand what you 19 want. Today, begin to build a much more intimate (亲密的；私人的) relationship with 20 and get to know yourself better than you know anyone else.
语篇解读：作者在人生的低谷期时，决定采取全新的措施来改变现状，最终证明自己选择勇往直前是正确的。
1．A.behind　　　　　　　　 B．up
C．down D．back
解析：选D　前面提到了作者在人生低谷时期的情况，可见他是在回顾过去。look back在这里的意思是“回想，回顾”。
2．A.never B．always
C．just D．ever
解析：选C　本文介绍了作者总结在不得志时人们可以采取的一个步骤，这里作者强调当初只有一步没有走好。just“仅仅，只”，符合语境；never“从来不”，always“总是”，ever“曾经”，均不符合语境。
3．A.tried B．failed
C．succeeded D．managed
解析：选B　上一句中作者提到有一步没有走好，因此此处应表示没有做到的事是什么。fail to do sth.“没有做成某事”，符合语境。
4．A.frightened B．confused
C．surprised D．shocked
解析：选B　当初在人生的低谷期作者并不明白到底什么使得他无法获得成功，对于这一点他很困惑。四个选项中只有confused“困惑的”，符合语境。
5．A.career B．life
C．reality D．truth
解析：选A　根据上一句的描述，作者没有成功地去营造满意和成功的事业，因此认为自己永远无法得到职业中的快乐。career“职业”，符合语境。
6．A.located B．lost
C．addicted D．interested
解析：选B　根据第一段最后一句，作者认为自己永远不能找到职业中的快乐，因此说他长年迷失在了这种沮丧情绪中。be lost in“迷失于”，与语境相符；be located in“位于”；be interested in“对……感兴趣”；be addicted后应为介词to。
7．A.end B．start
C．change D．get
解析：选A　根据后面一句，作者决定采取全新的措施来改变现状，可见他不允许自己的人生结束于原先的沮丧之中。end意为“结束”。
8．A.kind B．step
C．type D．look
解析：选B　根据第一段第二句中的step可知，作者认为自己有一步没有走好，所以决定重新走好这一步。kind“种类”，type“类型”，look“面貌”，均不符合语境。
9．A.small B．much
C．big D．hard
解析：选C　根据下一句中的crazy可知，此处表示作者让自己的梦想足够大。
10．A.idea B．reality
C．dream D．fact
解析：选A　后面的“无论梦想多古怪、多疯狂，无论放弃什么，都要勇往直前”是一种想法，因此选idea。
11．A.got B．seemed
C．took D．had
解析：选B　对于别人而言，作者的梦想也许看起来是古怪疯狂的。seem“看起来”；get“变得”；take“带走”；have“有”。
12．A.on B．to
C．in D．down
解析：选C　根据前面的no matter how可知，作者下定决心要对自己的梦想坚定信心。believe in“对……有信心”，与语境相符。
13．A.nothing B．anything
C．something D．everything
解析：选D　为了梦想，作者愿意付出一切。everything意为“一切”，符合语境。
14．A.up B．off
C．away D．around
解析：选D　在坚定梦想以后，作者获得了巨大成功，可见这简单的一步使一切得以扭转。turn around“扭转”，符合语境。turn up“出现”，turn off“关闭”，turn away“不准入内”，均与语境不符。
15．A.make B．invent
C．create D．build
解析：选A　与前面的名词impact连用，应为make，意为“对……产生影响”。
16．A.laugh B．guess
C．believe D．make
解析：选B　根据副词even可知，此处应表示你能够做甚至你想不到的事情。guess at“猜测”，符合语境。
17．A.being B．use
C．effect D．form
解析：选A　只有相信自己才能使梦想成为现实。此处bring into being为固定搭配，意为“使成为现实”，符合语境。
18．A.raise B．find
C．put D．answer
解析：选D　后面的“what they really want”应是需要回答的问题， 因此应选表示回答的词，只有answer符合语境。
19．A.naturally B．firstly
C．really D．likely
解析：选C　此处表示他们真正想要的。really“真正地”，符合语境。naturally“自然地”，firstly“首先”，likely“可能”，均不符合语境。
20．A.himself B．yourself
C．myself D．itself
解析：选B　后面作者提到要更好地了解自己，因此此处应表示与自己建立良好的关系。
Ⅱ.短文改错
My cousin and I usually stay out later with some friends on Saturday evenings, left Grandpa alone at home. But it was so cold yesterday that neither of us wanted suffer from the freezing wind outside. But after dinner we stayed home sitting around a fire and listening to Grandpa to tell his experiences in the Second World War. Though in fact it sounded familiar to us, we were still listening attentively so as to make him happily. Now and then we asked Grandpa some questions, which he answered in humorous way. We burst out laughing from time to time and he laughing too. Full of joy, we all felt especial warm on the cold evening.
答案：第一句：later→late; left→leaving
第二句：wanted后加to
第三句：But→So; 去掉第二个to
第四句：it→they; happily→happy
第五句：in后加a
第六句：第二个laughing→laughed
第七句：especial→especially






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课时跟踪练(三) Other Parts of the Module
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
[本课语言点针对练习]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Plants absorb (吸收) minerals and other nutrients from the soil.
2．You can also obtain (得到) knowledge through practice.
3．It is typical (典型的) of most new technologies that the younger generation is quick to adopt them.
4．The old man had no breath when the ambulance (救护车) reached the hospital.
5．Though we weep (哭泣) through the night, joy will come in the morning.
6．Unemployment has been a nationwide (全国各地的) problem in the last few years.
7．Young people often drink instant (速溶的) coffee in the office.
8．One cannot escape being punished if he commits (犯罪) crimes.
9．200 dollars a month is not adequate (足够的) to support the whole family.
10．Middle school students had better read the versions (改编本) in Chinese.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1. He used to going swimming in summer. Now he is used to running. going→go
2．The guide drew our attention on the magnificent carved desk.on→to
3．He made apology to me for hurting my feelings.made后加an
4．The progress of the society is base on harmony.base→based
5．You cannot legally take the possession of the property until three weeks after the contract is signed. 去掉第一个the
Ⅲ.选词填空
if necessary， make a commitment， have an appointment， all the time， be rude to
1．I have an appointment with Dr. Smith, but I need to change it.
2．It would be rude to remark upon her appearance.
3．Remember to keep a notebook at hand all the time.
4．They were ready to die, if necessary, for their country.
5．I made a commitment to him to pay off all of the debt.
[本单元语言点温故练习]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It's healthier to release frustration (frustrate) than to bottle it up.
2．You might be a thought more considerate (consider) of other people.
3．A man is not born in possession of knowledge.
4．I made an apology (apologise) to him for my misunderstanding of his kindness.
5．As rain has fallen, the goods cannot be shipped (ship)．
6．As we know, reading books widely can widen (wide) your knowledge.
7．I was the first to arrive (arrive) at the inn and got the pick of rooms.
8．When deeply absorbed (absorb) in work, which he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.
9．His foreign friend has become used to living (live) in China.
10．To do her justice, we must admit that she did deserve to win (win)．
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．The instant the bus stopped (公共汽车一停下来), about fifty people tried to crush in.
2．At the beginning of the study the runners ran for about four hours a week on average (平均)．
3．There is no doubt that (毫无疑问) it has its negative effects as well as positive effects.
4．I might be away next week. If so (如果这样的话) I won't be able to see you.
5．His story is based on (以……为基础) his own experience when he served in the army in the Second World War.
6．The President is committed to reforming (承诺要改革) health care.
7．Children must attend school (上学) between the ages of 5 and 16.
8. People vary in taste (在爱好方面不同); some love music, some enjoy taking pictures, and still others are fond of climbing mountains.
9．If we don't concentrate our attention on our work (专心于我们的工作) we'll make a mistake.
10．He was appointed as (被任命为) the image ambassador of the charity activity.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.阅读理解
The discussion on renewable energy has been going on for at least a decade and people have relied on fossil fuels almost entirely for more than a century.However, the situation when fossil fuels were the most efficient and the cheapest source of energy has been left far in the past.Many countries such as Germany and Sweden have already made significant efforts to fix this situation, employing numerous power plants working on the renewable resources of energy.The most effective among these resources is geothermal (地热的) energy.
Geothermal energy does not depend on the world's economic and political situation as strongly as fossil fuels do.Besides, extracting (提炼) fossil fuels adds up to the price of energy produced from them.Therefore, geothermal energy is much cheaper than traditional ones, saving up to 80% of the costs over fossil fuels.
Being a renewable resource, geothermal energy produces less waste and pollution than traditional energy sources.In geothermal systems, carbon dioxide makes up about 10% of air produced.Overall, in order to produce the electricity that can be used for one hour, the geothermal systems produce 0.1 pound of carbon dioxide and other harmful gases.For a comparison, a power plant producing electricity from gas produces up to 2 pounds of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, and those power plants that work on coal (煤) produce an astonishing 3.6 pounds of greenhouse gases.
Low costs make another reason why using geothermal power plants should be the first choice for many countries.Geothermal heat systems require 25% to 50% less energy for work compared with the traditional systems for heating or cooling.Besides, geothermal equipment is less bulky: due to the very nature of geothermal energy, geothermal power plants have only a few moving parts, all of which can be easily sheltered inside a relatively small building.What's more, the life span of geothermal equipment is rather long.All these make geothermal power stations easy to build and keep.
语篇解读：地热作为非常重要的可再生清洁能源，将会给人们带来巨大的好处。
1．Fossil fuels are more expensive than geothermal energy partly because .
A．fossil fuels are nearly used up
B．it is free to use geothermal energy
C．the production of fossil fuels costs a lot
D．geothermal energy doesn't depend on political situation
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Besides, extracting (提炼) fossil fuel adds up to the price of energy produced from it.”可知，化石燃料需要经过提炼才能生产出来，所以这大大增加了它的生产成本，故答案为C项。
2．According to Paragraph 3, what can be concluded from the comparison?
A．Coal is much more efficient than gas.
B．Geothermal energy is environmentally friendly.
C．Gas and coal are often used to produce electricity.
D．The geothermal systems don't produce harmful gases.
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可知，经过对比发现，用地热能源生产电比用汽油和煤炭生产电更环保，因为用地热能源生产电排放的温室气体较少，故答案为B项。
3．What does the underlined word “bulky” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Being really big and heavy.
B．Being convenient to operate.
C．Being expensive and low effective.
D．Being unfriendly to the environment.
解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“due to the very nature of geothermal energy ... small building”可知生产地热的设备不是那么大而笨重的，因为它只有一些运转部件并能够放在相对小的建筑中，故答案为A项。
4．What is the main idea for this passage?
A．Fossil fuels are being run out of.
B．Geothermal energy is well accepted.
C．Geothermal energy has many advantages.
D．Many countries have benefited from geothermal energy.
解析：选C　主旨大意题。作者主要通过价格、环保、运行成本这三方面证明了地热能源比传统能源更有优势，故答案为C项。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Hangzhou is said to be a great source of inspiration for poets, artists and philosophers throughout Chinese history. 1 do people say so？When you visit Hangzhou's West Lake and its surrounding beautiful hills, you'll understand it 2 (immediate)．
While the rest of the country is moving from two wheels to four, cycling culture is still thriving (繁荣的) in Hangzhou.The city built China's 3 (one) bike?sharing system in 2008.Since then, it's 4 (become) one of the world's biggest and best public bike systems.You can hardly go a kilometer 5 passing a bike?sharing station.
Hangzhou 6 (grow) some of China's finest and most expensive green tea — Longjing Tea.Every spring, before the traditional Tomb Sweeping Festival, tea 7 (love) from all over the country come to Longjing, a village just south of West Lake, for the first cut of the top?quality tea.During the tea season — late March and April — you can smell the fresh aroma (芳香) of the tea in the village, when leaves 8 (pick) and roasted.The village is open to 9 public and you can pick your own tea after getting 10 (permit) from the local tea farmers.
语篇解读：本文介绍了人间天堂——杭州，它有着全国最早的公共自行车系统、有美丽的西湖山水和驰名中外的龙井绿茶。
1．Why　此处根据语境应填Why，表示人们为什么会说自古以来杭州都是诗人、艺术家和哲学家的灵感源泉。
2．immediately　修饰谓语动词understand，故填immediate的副词形式。
3．first　此处根据语境可知表示杭州在2008年建立了中国第一个公共自行车系统。
4．become　根据本句中的Since then，可判断该句时态为现在完成时，故填become的过去分词形式become。
5．without　根据语境，此处表示在杭州随处都能见到公共自行车系统，上文有否定词hardly，故此处填without。
6．grows　本句时态应为一般现在时，主语Hangzhou为单数第三人称，故填grows。
7．lovers　从句子的结构可知此处应用名词形式，表示“喜爱茶的人”。根据空格后面的定语“from all over the country”可知，此处句子主语应该用复数名词，根据句子的谓语动词come也可知答案。
8．are picked　所填词与句子主语leaves是被动关系，因此应该用被动语态。全文时态以现在时为主，故填are picked。
9．the　the public表示“公众”。
10．permission　“after getting permission from the local tea farmers”表示“在得到当地茶农的允许之后”。






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课时跟踪练(一) Introduction & Reading — Pre-reading
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
When Phil Ford was six years old, his father cut the bottom out of a barrel (桶) and nailed it to a backboard and a pole behind their house that was about seven or eight feet tall.That was the beginning of Phil Ford's love story with basketball.
By his junior year in high school the attention was pouring in.And by his senior year he had been called by over 350 schools.Ford narrowed his choices down to NC State and North Carolina (UNC), and in the end UNC won, due to the relationship he had developed with Coach Dean Smith.
During Ford's four years at UNC, he was the first freshman (大一新生) to start in the first game of his North Carolina career under Dean Smith.That season, his team won the ACC Tournament Championship, and Ford also became the first freshman in ACC history to win the MVP award for the Tournament. He went on to start on the Olympic team that won gold in Montreal during his second college year and continued to stand out at Carolina until he became UNC's all?time leading scorer with 2,290 points by the end of his career.That amazing achievement was only passed by Tyler Hansbrough over 30 years later.
Ford's career was further honored by being named a winner of the John R. Wooden Award, awarded to the nation's top players.Only three other North Carolina players — Michael Jordan, Antawn Jamison, and Tyler Hansbrough — have received the honor. Soon after, Ford was chosen as the second overall pick in the first round of the NBA to the Kansas City Kings.
He spent seven years in the NBA before retiring and spending time in the banking world.Ford rejoined UNC as a part of the coaching staff under Coach Smith in 1988 while becoming Coach Bill Guthridge's first assistant when Smith retired in 1997.
He is now devoted to helping fight against childhood obesity through the Phil Ford Foundation (基金会), alongside expert Dr.Eliana Perrin.The foundation, like UNC, is something that is close to Ford's heart.
语篇解读：菲尔·福特是美国20世纪七八十年代一位非常著名的篮球运动员，现在他投身于基金会的工作。
1．How was Phil Ford's performance in basketball games as a freshman at UNC?
A．It was disappointing in the end.
B．It was amazing on the whole.
C．It was disappointing at first.
D．It was better than expected.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段的“That season, his team won the ACC Tournament Championship, and Ford also became the first freshman in ACC history to win the MVP award for the Tournament.”可推断，他当时的表现一直很优异，故选B项。
2．What does that amazing achievement mentioned in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Winning a gold medal in the Olympics.
B．Scoring 2,290 points during his career.
C．Becoming the best all?time leading scorer in the US.
D．Joining the American Olympic basketball team as a college student.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段的“he became UNC's all?time leading scorer with 2,290 points by the end of his career.That amazing achievement was only passed by Tyler Hansbrough over 30 years later”可知，这一成就是指在职业生涯中得分2 290分，故选B项。
3．By mentioning such players as Michael Jordan, the author wants to show that .
A．North Carolina had many top players
B．Phil Ford became an NBA player for a reason
C．Phil Ford was a successful basketball player
D．Phil Ford was encouraged by these excellent players
解析：选C　推理判断题。菲尔·福特和迈克尔·乔丹等另外三位球员是北卡罗来纳州仅有的四位获John R. Wooden Award的球员，作者通过这一点想表明菲尔·福特是一位成功的篮球运动员。
4．What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?
A．The foundation also means a lot to Ford.
B．Both the foundation and UNC are famous.
C．Phil Ford loves working in the banking world.
D．Phil Ford is really anxious about childhood obesity.
解析：选A　句意理解题。根据语境可知，和UNC一样，那个基金会对于菲尔·福特而言非常有意义，故选A项。
B
Have you ever wondered how your favorite NBA team received its famous name? All NBA teams have an interesting story or a history behind their names. Some of the names reflected the city's culture or history, others came from previous owners and many were selected through “Name the Team” contests.
For teams like Los Angeles and Utah, the names were not always a reflection of the city. Even though Los Angeles has no lakes, the Laker name has been a city treasure for almost 40 years. Before going to Los Angeles, the team originated in Minneapolis, Minnesota. In 1948, team officials chose the name for its direct relationship to the state's motto, “The Land of 10,000 Lakes”. The team name went unchanged after moving to Los Angeles in 1960.
Because Utah's team originated in New Orleans, Louisiana, it was called the Jazz. In 1974, New Orleans club officials chose the name to represent the city for its reputation as the “jazz capital of the world”. The name stayed with the team even after finding a new home in Salt Lake City, Utah in 1979.
The Chicago Bulls' original owner, Richard Klein, named the team the Bulls. He picked the name because a fighting bull is relentless (不屈不挠的) and never quits. Klein, who founded the club in 1966, believed these qualities were necessary for a championship team and hoped his Chicago athletes would live up to the team name.
Miami chose the Heat from names such as the Sharks, Beaches, and Barracudas. The name Magic was the winner for the Orlando team because the city's tourism slogan is “Come to the Magic.”
Tradition played a big part in naming the New York Knicks. Chosen by the club's founder Ned Irish, the Knicks' name was already important in New York's history. The first organized team in baseball history was named the New York Knickerbockers or the Knickerbockers Nine.
In 1967, the Indian Pacers selected their team name in a different way from most other teams. Their decision was based on what they wanted to accomplish in the NBA. Team officials chose the Pacers name because the organization wanted to set the “pace” in professional basketball.
语篇解读：本文主要讲述了NBA一些球队的名字的起源和它们的含义。
5．Which of the names reflects the culture of the city New Orleans.
A．The Jazz.　　　　　 B．The Indian Pacers.
C．The Heat. D．The Sharks.
解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第三段的“In 1974, New Orleans club officials chose the name to represent the city for its reputation as the ‘jazz capital of the world’．”可知。
6．According to Paragraph 2, we know .
A．the Laker team was first set up in Los Angeles
B．Los Angeles is famous for its lakes
C．Minnesota is a state with a lot of lakes
D．the Laker team has been in Los Angeles for less than 40 years
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，湖人队是1948年在Minnesota (明尼苏达州)建立的，这个州有很多湖泊，所以给这个队命名为the Laker。1960年这个队迁到Los Angeles (洛杉矶)，洛杉矶没有湖泊。由此可知选C。
7．Richard Klein named the team the Bulls because he hoped his team would .
A．be as strong as bulls
B．set the “pace” in professional basketball
C． be Number 1 forever
D．keep fighting and never give up
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段的“He picked the name because a fighting bull is relentless(不屈不挠的)and never quits.”可知。
8．How did the Heat get the name?
A．It was named by its original owner.
B．It was named after Miami's motto.
C．It came from the names of other teams.
D．Its owner camp up with the name by accident.
解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第五段的“Miami chose the Heat from names such as the Sharks, Beaches, and Barracudas.”可知选C。
C
BEAVERTON, Ore.— Jaime Nared is nearly 6?foot?1 and blessed with Michael Jordan?style skills. In games, she can more than hold her own against the boys, dropping three?pointers and sometimes scoring 30 points or more.
And there, according to her coach, lies the problem.
“She's so good，” Michael Abraham said. “She makes the boys look like scrubs (灌木丛)．” So she has been told she can no longer play on boys' teams at the Hoop, a private Beaverton basketball facility that runs a league in which Abraham's teams compete.
The trouble started last month, when some parents told the Hoop management they didn't like Jaime playing with the boys. Hoop officials informed Abraham that Jaime, after years on one of his boys' teams, was refused. Neal Franzer, the Hoop's director of operations, said Thursday that the parents were adamant (坚决的) but their complaints had nothing to do with Jaime's skills.
“They said the problem was that the boys were playing differently against her because she was a girl，” he said. “They'd been taught not to push a girl, and the focus had changed from playing basketball to noticing a girl was on the floor with them.”
Hoop officials e?mailed Abraham to remind him of the rules. Abraham, Jaime and her parents didn't buy it.“I think the complaints come from parents who don't like seeing a girl that good playing against their sons，” Abraham said.
Jaime, who said she “fell in love” with basketball when she was 8, likes the boys' team because boys play a fast?paced game.
Jaime's mum, Reiko Williams, said the issue boiled over after a particular game. “She scored 30 points，” Williams said. “I remember one play. She stole the ball and made a behind?the?back pass to a teammate. He missed the lay?in, and she grabbed the rebound and put it in. I think it was just too much for some of those parents.”
语篇解读：本文主要讲述了一个拥有极高篮球天赋的女孩Jaime Nared的故事。
9.According to the passage, Michael Abraham is .
A．Jaime Nared's father
B．Jaime Nared's coach
C．Jaime Nared's teammate
D．the Hoop's director of operations
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，Michael Abraham指导的球队参加了这一比赛，可见Abraham是Jaime Nared的教练。
10．Jaime Nared's problem lies in that .
A．she takes advantage of the boys
B．she can't keep pace with the boys
C．she doesn't obey the rules of basketball
D．she plays even better than her boy teammates
解析：选D　细节理解题。从第一段和最后一段都可以看出， Jaime Nared遇到的难题是她的球技高超，甚至胜过男孩子。
11．Jaime Nared was refused by the boys' teams because .
A．she was too rude on the court
B．she had better skills than the boys
C．the boys didn't like to play with a girl
D．the boys couldn't get focused when playing with her
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第五段可知，男队员的父母反对Jaime Nared 跟男孩子一块打球，原因是男孩子总注意到在跟一个女孩打球，精力不能集中，影响了他们的发挥。
12．We can infer from the passage that .
A．Jaime Nared has great talent in basketball
B．Jaime Nared has played basketball for nearly ten years
C．Jaime Nared doesn't know how to defend while playing　
D．Jaime Nared's mother doesn't want her daughter to play with boys
解析：选A　推理判断题。从第一段和最后一段都可以看出Jaime Nared球技高超，很有篮球天赋。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Children are addicted to smartphones. 1 They can be playing games live with others elsewhere in the world, updating their status on social media, sending friends text messages or looking for the latest app to download to their smartphones.
2 He's the headmaster of the Old Hall School in Wellington, in the west of England.He was so concerned
that he challenged his students to take part in a week of “digital detox (数码产品戒毒期)”．
Strott told the local newspaper, The Shropshire Star, that he encourages the pupils to know about computers from a young age. 3 He said this over?dependence on digital devices was destroying family time and that children are missing messages from body language from those around them.
According to the headmaster, the parents are happy with this challenge. 4 For nine?year?old Fred, the “digital detox” experience was “really hard”．He used to spend around two hours on his little thing at home after school and around 12 hours on weekends. 5 He said that he would probably engage in different activities from now on but he did miss his phone and online games.
A．This worried Martin Strott.
B．But what about the children?
C．There are a lot of after?school activities in the US.
D．Some spend up to six hours a day on their little things.
E．Do you spend too many hours on your digital devices?
F．During this week, he spends the time playing outside, especially basketball.
G．But he is also concerned that too much screen time will affect the development of their social skills.
语篇解读：青少年每天在智能手机上花费大量的时间，一位担忧的校长向学生们提出了“数码产品戒毒期”这一挑战。
1．选D　根据下文“They can be playing games live with others ... download to their smart phones.”可知本段讲述青少年学生每天花费大量的时间在智能手机上，故选D项。
2．选A　根据下文“He's the headmaster of ...”可知，此空要提到这位校长，A项“This worried Martin Strott.”又可呼应上文，说明Martin Strott校长对学生沉迷于手机的现状很忧虑。
3．选G　根据上文“Martin Strott”校长鼓励学生早了解电脑及下文他提到过于依赖电子产品的危害可知，此处应表示转折含义，指对数码产品关注太多会影响他们社交能力的发展，故选G项。
4．选B　根据上文“the parents are happy with this challenge”和下文提到的学生“Fred”可知，此处应承上启下，家长对这种方法很满意，那么孩子们的反应怎么样呢？故选B项。
5．选F　此空与上文“He used to spend around two hours on his little thing at home after school and around 12 hours on weekends.”进行对比，说明弗雷德现在把原来玩手机的时间花在了打篮球等运动上，故选F项。






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