2019-2020学年高二上学期训练卷
选修六 Unit5 The power of nature
英 语 （一）
（本卷满分100分）
一、单词拼写（每小题1.5分，共15分）
1. Iceland volcanoes ________(爆发) frequently last year.
2. Judging from what you did, you are an ________(完全的) fool.
3. It has been ________(估计) that the hurricane is coming to Hainan in three days.
4. Mr Wang was ________(任命) as leader of our basketball team.
5. First we need to identify actual and ________(潜在的) problems.
6. The ________(实际的) price was much higher than we had expected.
7. The local council is supplying new play ________(设备) for the playground.
8. The boat pulled up ________(在……旁边) the ship.
9. She wondered whether the dress s________ her.
10. My mother was in tears as I w________ goodbye to her.
二、单项选择（每小题1.5分，共15分）
11. Don’t waste your ________ time chatting online all day long. It’s high time you got down to business.
A. miserable B. constant C. temporary D. precious
12. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ________ the film stars had left.
A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told
13. Tom was hit on the head by the robber and was knocked ________.
A. uncomfortable B. unconditional C. unaware D. unconscious
14. Having eaten too much meat, he felt ________ so he had to see a doctor.
A. comfortable B. uncomfortable C. unforgettable D. unable
15. Unluckily, he was ________ in the battle, for which his mother was in deep sorrow.
A. accused B. shot C. treated D. assisted
16. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not ________, and asked myself what I was going to do.
A. moved B. moving C. has been moved D. being moved
17. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area ________.
A. need repairing B. needs to repair
C. needs repairing D. need to repair
18. ________ his homework made his father very angry.
A. The boy’s not having finished B. The boy’s having not finished
C. The boy not having finished D. The boy having not finished
19. It is difficult to imagine his ________ the decision without any consideration.
A. to accept B. accept C. accepting D. accepted
20. Peter received a letter just now ________ his grandma would come to see him.
A. said B. says C. saying D. to say
三、完成句子（每小题3分，共15分）
21.由于生病，我不得不待在家里。
________ ________, I had to stay at home.
22.他把咖啡杯掉在地上，摔得粉碎。
He dropped the coffee cup, ________ ________ ________ ________.
23.从山上看，我们发现这湖泊更加漂亮了。
________ ________ ________ ________, we find that the lake looks more beautiful.
24.听到这个消息我们都高兴得跳了起来。
________ ________ ________, we all jumped with joy.
25.杰克完成作业后，外出散步。
________ ________ ________ ________, Jack went out for a walk.
四、阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共10分）
The United Nations Environment Programme is calling for urgent action to reduce growing risks from chemicals. Better management of chemicals could save millions of lives and billions of dollars. As estimated, 143,000 chemicals are now produced. Yet the report says only a small number of these chemicals have been studied for their effects on human health and the environment. It says death and disability rates are high from the unsafe use of chemical products.
Sylvie Lemmet, director of the United Nations Environment Programme, says poor management of chemicals has a high economic cost. For example, she says the cost is higher than the amount of overseas development aid, or ODA, for health care in sub-Saharan Africa.
She says, “If you look at the estimated cost of poisoning from pesticide in sub-Saharan Africa, only the injury and the loss of working time is estimated to be 6.3 billion US dollars in 2009. This is higher than the total ODA that is going to the health sector in the same area.”
The United Nations Environment Programme estimates that chemical sales worldwide will increase by around three percent a year until 2050. Chemical production is moving quickly from developed to developing countries. By 2020, chemical production is expected to increase by 40 percent in Africa and the Middle East and 33 percent in Latin America. One of its biggest concerns is pollution of rivers and lakes by pesticide and fertilizer. Other major concerns are heavy metal pollution from the production of cement and textiles, and dioxin pollution from mining.
The UN report urges the chemical industry and governments to work together to develop safety policies. It says preventing harm costs less than fixing it.
26. The purpose of Paragraph 3 is mainly to indicate that .
A. the use of pesticide causes a great loss
B. Africa needs more development aid
C. chemicals have a high production cost
D. the estimated cost of poisoning from pesticide is inaccurate
27. Which of the following is NOT a source of danger according to the text？
A. Pesticide. B. Fertilizer. C. Heavy metals. D. Minerals.
28. According to the text, what is the main reason for the risks from chemicals?
A. Poor management of chemicals.
B. Lack of research funds on chemicals.
C. The mass production of cement and textiles.
D. Contradictions between chemical producers and governments.
29. What would be the best title for the text?
A. The truth is Sylvie Lemmet’s comments
B. A UN warning about chemical dangers
C. The unpredictable future of chemical industry
D. Preventing is much better than fixing
五、七选五（每小题3分，共15分）
What is the easiest way to stay warm in the super cold? 30 . At least that is what Santa Claus told me. During Christmas, Dennis and I went to Finland. We brought back some tips for keeping warm in a cold temperature.
●Three layers(层) work wonders
Start with the base layer, which sits right on your skin: choose something that can absorb sweat. 31 . A sweater is a good choice. The most important layer is the outer clothes, which should be waterproof(防水的) and windproof.
● 32
You lose heat from every millimeter of uncovered skin, which was the biggest lesson I learned on this trip. My whole body was well covered. But I missed one spot: my face. So it often felt like the wind was going to blow my nose off.
●Exercise, don’t just stand still
When it’s cold, exercising may be the last thing you feel like doing, but be smart. , and you will feel the difference. When we first got to Finland, we were freezing. But after a couple of minutes jumping around, we felt less cold.
●If you have a heater
You may want to turn it all the way up, but it’s best to keep it at between 18 and 20 degrees. , but not create a huge difference between inside and outside.
A. Grow a crazy beard
B. The key is what your layer is
C. Cover every bit of your skin
D. That will keep you comfortable
E. Take a walk, faster than your normal speed
F. Don’t forget to keep your hands and feet warm, too
G. The middle layer keeps your body heat from getting away
六、书面表达（共30分）
假如你是某市一中学高二学生李华，与在你市学习汉语的美国朋友Jack约好一起去公园滑冰，因家里有事不能赴约。请给他写封邮件表示歉意，说明不能赴约的原因并另约一个时间。
注意：1.词数100左右。
2.应适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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2019-2020学年高一上学期训练卷
选修六 Unit5 The power of nature
英 语（一）答 案
一、单词拼写（每小题1.5分，共15分）
【答案】
1. erupted 2. absolute 3. evaluated 4. appointed 5. potential
6. actual 7. equipment 8. alongside 9. suited 10. waved
二、单项选择（每小题1.5分，共15分）
11.【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词。miserable：悲惨的，可怕的；constant：连续的，不断的；temporary：暂时的；precious：珍贵的，这里指的是宝贵的时间，故选D。
12.【答案】B
【解析】only to do作结果状语时，表示预料之外的结果。句意：新闻记者匆忙赶到机场，结果却被告知影星已离开了。选B。
13.【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词。unconscious：失去知觉的；knock/beat sb. unconscious：把某人打晕；uncomfortable：不舒服的；unconditional：无条件的；unaware：未察觉的。选D。
14.【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词。句意：他吃了太多的肉，感到不舒服，不得不去看医生。uncomfortable：不舒服的，不舒适的；comfortable：舒适的，舒服的；unforgettable：难忘的；unable：不能胜任的。故选B。
15.【答案】B
【解析】考查动词。句意：不幸的是，他在战斗中牺牲，为此他的母亲悲痛欲绝。shoot：射中，射伤；accuse：指责，谴责，控告；treat：治疗，对待，款待；assist：帮助，协助，援助。选B。
16.【答案】B
【解析】句意：当灯变绿的时候，我在那里站了一会儿，一动不动，问自己将要做什么，stood和asked是并列关系，I与move之间是主动关系，此处moving是现在分词作伴随状语。
17.【答案】A
【解析】考查动名词作宾语的用法。句意：由于遭受严重的洪水，这个地区三分之二的建筑需要维修。need后可加动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式，主语是复数形式，故选A项。句意：由于遭受严重的洪水，这个地区三分之二的建筑需要抢修。
18.【答案】A
【解析】非谓语动词的否定形式为：not＋非谓语动词，所以排除B、D两项；动名词复合结构作主语时必须用所有格的形式，不能用宾格或者普通格的形式，所以也可排除C项。
19.【答案】C
【解析】考查imagine后用动名词复合结构作宾语。accept和he之间为主动关系，故用动词-ing形式。
20.【答案】C
【解析】考查现在分词作伴随状语的用法。句意：彼得刚才收到了一封信，信中说他的祖母要来看他。C项是现在分词作伴随状语，说明letter的情况，排除A项和B项；D项是不定式作目的状语。
三、完成句子（每小题3分，共15分）
【答案】
21. Being ill 22. breaking it into pieces 23.Seeing from the hill
24. Hearing the news 25. Having finished his homework
四、阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共10分）
【答案】26-29 ADAB
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，联合国环境规划署号召我们要采取行动来减少日益增加的化学产品给人类带来的危害。
26.段落大意题。根据第三段only the injury and the loss of working time is estimated to be 6.3 billion US dollars in 2009可知Sylvie Lemmet是在说杀虫剂中毒给人类的身体和经济带来巨大的损失。故选A。
27.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段One of its biggest concerns is pollution of rivers and lakes by pesticide and fertilizer. Other major concerns are heavy metal pollution from the production of cement and textiles，and dioxin pollution from mining可知，ABC均是危害的来源，而D项文中没有提及。故选D。
28.细节理解题。根据第一段中的Better management of chemicals...和第二段中的Sylvie Lemmet, director of the United Nations Environment Programme, says poor management of chemicals has a high economic cost可知对化学品的管理不善是主要原因，应选A项。
29.主旨大意题。本文讲的是联合国环境规划署号召我们要采取行动来减少日益增加的化学产品给人类带来的危害。故B项作本文的标题最合适。
五、七选五（每小题3分，共15分）
【答案】30-34 AGCED
【解析】在极其寒冷的天气状况下，如何才能做到让自己保暖呢？作者以自己到芬兰的经历告诉了大家几个保暖御寒的方法。
30.考查上下文理解和逻辑推理。根据后面的At least that is what Santa Claus told me可A项：留大胡子符合语境。
31.考查上下文理解和逻辑推理。根据上下文可知，此处应该是讲中间层的衣服是什么样的，因此选G。
32.考查上下文理解和逻辑推理。根据段落内容可知，每一毫米裸露的皮肤都会散发热量，这是作者在这次旅行中学到的最大教训，即使自己的脸也最好捂上。故选C。
33.考查上下文理解和逻辑推理。分析句式可知，此处应该是一个祈使句，本段讲述要通过身体运动来防寒。故选E。
34.考查上下文理解和逻辑推理。根据前面的You may want to turn it all the way up, but it’s best to keep it at between 18 and 20 degrees可知，最好把加热器调到18至20度，这是人们感觉最舒服的温度。故选D。
六、书面表达（共30分）
【范文】
Dear Jack,
I am terribly sorry to tell you that I am unable to go skating with you on this Saturday morning. I was told that my grandparents will pay a visit to us that morning and have a big family party. I do hope the change will not bring you any trouble.
I am wondering if you could make it on Sunday morning. We can start out early so that we’ll have enough time to practise the skills and enjoy the view in the park. If it’s convenient for you, let’s meet at 8:00 at the NO.6 bus stop. If not, please let me know what time suits you best. I should be free any time after school next week.
Yours,
Li Hua
2019-2020学年高二上学期训练卷
选修六 Unit5 The power of nature
英 语 （二）
（本卷满分100分）
一、阅读理解（每小题2分，共16分）
A
It is certain that when the eruption of Vesuvius started on the morning of 24 August, 79 AD, it caught the local population unprepared. It is mainly thanks to the account of the younger Pliny that we have some understanding of what happened. And it is through him that we can gain insight into the reactions and feelings of the people caught up in the drama of this natural disaster. Pliny’s account leaves no doubt that everyone was caught unprepared. His uncle, known as the elder Pliny, was stationed in command of the imperial(帝国的) naval base at Misenum, on the north—west extremity of the Bay of Naples. He was not only the senior military officer in the district, but possibly the most well informed living Roman on matters of natural science. His 37-volume Natural History is the longest work on science in Latin that has survived from antiquity(古代).
But for all his science and his seniority, his nephew told us that the elder Pliny was relaxing, after a bath and lunch, when Vesuvius started to erupt. And the sighting of a column of smoke “like an umbrella pine” on the far side of the Bay caused a response more of curiosity than of alarm in him. The same account showed, however, that the signs were there. But they didn’t realize the danger because the phenomenon was frequent in Vesuvius then.
The eruption lasted for more than 24 hours from its start on the morning of 24 August. Those who fled at once had a chance of survival. It is clear that many, like the elder Pliny, thought their best chance was to take shelter and survived the storm.
The hundreds of refugees sheltering in the street at the seaside in Herculaneum, holding their jewellery and money, met their end quickly. It is impossible to tell how many citizens died.
The discovery of Pompeii is of huge importance for our modern-day understanding of the ancient Roman world. Its destruction left important questions unanswered, and made it impossible in many ways to gather a satisfactory understanding of the Roman world.
1. According to the passage, people nowadays have some understanding of the eruption of Vesuvius mainly through .
A. the elder Pliny’s account
B. the younger Pliny’s account
C. the science book Natural History
D. the account of the survivors
2. The elder Pliny was stationed at the naval base at Misenum .
A. to take charge of the base
B. to observe the eruption of Vesuvius
C. to rescue the refugees
D. to work on Natural History
3. Many people, including the elder Pliny, didn’t realize the danger from the Vesuvius eruption because .
A. everything happened at night
B. they had no knowledge of volcanoes
C. such eruption was frequent in Vesuvius then
D. they had no chance to take shelter
4. All of the following are true EXCEPT .
A. the elder Pliny made a great contribution to the discovery of Pompeii
B. the eruption of Vesuvius took the local people by surprise
C. countless lives were lost in a flash during the Vesuvius eruption
D. the discovery of Pompeii is of great importance for our knowledge of the ancient Roman world
B
We all know the feeling of walking into an air-conditioned office building on a hot summer day. It’s 94℉ outside. It’s 64℉ inside. Suddenly, you need a knit sweater just to sit at your desk. I know someone who used to bring a space heater to work?—?in August.
Aside from being uncomfortable, this is horrifically inefficient. The low hum of the air conditioner is the sound of coal being burned and money being spent to make you miserable at work. BuildingIQ is trying to change that. Their secret weapon? Machine learning.
The company has developed cloud-based software that gathers information about a building and uses it to build a thermal model(热模型). That model can predict how much or how little energy is needed to keep the people inside comfortable by analyzing factors like indoor temperature and pressure, electricity consumption, the weather forecast, the price of electricity, and therefore tailors heating and air conditioning for maximum energy efficiency.
Thanks to a recent cooperation, BuildingIQ will soon take human preferences into account. Changes to heating and air conditioning are always influenced by the limits of human comfort, and those limits vary from person to person. This data will be added into the thermal model. Imagine a retirement home where the occupants are always too cold. If the system knows this, it will reduce the air conditioning in the summer to keep grandma and grandpa nice and warm.
How well does it work? BuildingIQ says it regularly saves between 10 and 25 percent on heating and air conditioning, the two items that make up 50 or 60 percent of a building’s total energy use. The software will help cut energy bills and improve comfort all while reducing our reliance on fossil fuels. It won’t be long before you can leave your space heater at home.
5. In Paragraph 1, the author intends to .
A. complain about the coldness in air-conditioned offices
B. describe the harmful effects of an unhealthy lifestyle
C. criticize some people’s unawareness to save energy
D. indicate the low efficiency of the old way of air conditioning
6. According to the article, what does the “thermal model” do?
A. Gathering information about a building’s history.
B. Learning about machines that heat a building.
C. Predicting the amount of air conditioning needed.
D. Analyzing the physical fitness of people inside.
7. The underlined word “tailor” can be best replaced by .
A. limit B. adjust C. expand D. prevent
8. What is the main idea of Paragraph 4?
A. BuildingIQ is going to be experimented at retirement homes.
B. BuildingIQ will also analyze human temperature preferences.
C. People have different preferences for temperature and comfort.
D. The limits of human comfort vary and change at different ages.
二、七选五（每小题2分，共10分）
How to Keep a Relationship Healthy and Strong
Are you new to experiencing relationships? Well, let me give you advice on having a healthy and possibly long-term relationship.
9 Don’t hide things from them; don’t lie. Getting them to trust you is the most important element in any relationship. So please be honest and they’ll learn to open up to you.
Make sure you give them respect. Now respect isn’t just simply treating her or him nicely. There’s a lot more to it. You have to learn to adjust to their liking. 10 Don’t just think about yourself; think about what your partner needs out of it as well.
11 Always be willing to help them and give them honesty and positiveness at the same time. Make them feel you are someone they can really count on and build a future with. This is an important step in a relationship. Your partner has to be able to count on you when needed.
Make sure you have a good sense of humor with them. Laughter is the key to happiness. Laugh a lot with them, joke with them. Laughter may seem silly, but it’s the secret to a lot in life. It will keep the sparks alive. 12
Make sure the communication is good. This goes along with trust, but always communicate how you feel, even if it’s something that upsets you. Instead of screaming, talk to them. 13 It’s important to communicate this to them, not keep it bottled up.
A. Show them your personality.
B. Be an honest person with them.
C. Make sure you are encouraging to your partners.
D. Laughter keeps the relationship strong and lasting.
E. Don’t start to neglect them and make them feel unwanted.
F. Basically, learn to study your partners’ moods, wants and needs.
G. If they did something that made you unhappy, tell them about it in a respectful manner.
三、完形填空（每小题1.5分，共30分）
Tornado Terror
Serious storms smashed the central United States on 12, May, 2015, resulting in tornadoes, heavy rains, and flooding that killed at least five people and injured dozens more. Initial reports say that 20-25 tornadoes 14 down in several Great Plains states on Sunday alone.
Though larger cities were mostly unharmed, Sunday’s tornados 15 some small towns in the middle of the country. One of the 16 hit was Van, Texas, a town of about 2,600 people located 70 miles southeast of Dallas. Winds there 17 up to 140 miles per hour and damaged about 30 percent of the city, destroying homes and downing power 18 . Weather experts say it was the strongest tornado to hit the town in more than 70 years.
“This storm spun up(自旋增快) really fast and the warning time was extremely 19 .” Fire Marshal Chuck Allen said.
Emergency workers in Van moved quickly to help those 20 , but two people were killed and more than two dozen were injured by the tornado’s 21 . A driver in the nearby town of Corsicana was killed by floodwaters that had risen after the 22 .
Nine people were injured 23 the 130 miles per hour winds of a twister that struck Delmont, South Dakota, but tornadoes weren’t the only 24 weather that state saw on Sunday. People in the Black Hills were 25 with a late-spring snowfall of 10 to 18 inches.
Tornadoes are weather events that 26 inside thunderstorms. Made of swirling air, they are 27 like funnels(漏斗). A tornado’s winds can reach speeds anywhere from 40 to 300 miles per hour.
28 tornadoes can happen in any state, they are most 29 in the central U.S. Though this past weekend’s storms were damaging, they were not 30 for this time of year. More twisters 31 the U.S. in May than in any other month.
“We’ve had at least one tornado reported somewhere in the 32 every day since May 2.” Greg Carbin said. “It’s a 33 time of year.”
14. A. knocked B. pulled C. settled D. touched
15. A. destroyed B. passed C. approached D. terrified
16. A. weakest B. hardest C. slightest D. shortest
17. A. ended B. reduced C. reached D. added
18. A. poles B. stations C. engines D. failures
19. A. limited B. scheduled C. balanced D. ignored
20. A. confused B. tired C. affected D. buried
21. A. speeds B. ranges C. routes D. winds
22. A. disaster B. emergency C. storm D. trouble
23. A.at B.in C. for D. with
24. A. wet B. cold C. fine D. severe
25. A. faced B. awarded C. flooded D. covered
26. A. form B. go C. disappear D. turn
27. A. expanded B. circulated C. shaped D. floated
28. A. Because B. Although C. If D. When
29. A. harmful B. peaceful C. violent D. common
30. A. unusual B. uncertain C. unlucky D. unaccustomed
31. A. wander B. strike C. trap D. surround
32. A. world B. city C. town D. nation
33. A. unique B. busy C. dangerous D. cautious
四、单句语法填空（每小题2分，共24分）
34. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the (develop) of chopsticks.
35. When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find (they) alive.
36. You don’t have to run fast or for long (see) the benefit.
37. This included digging up the road, (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.
38. But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.
39. Corn uses less water rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) run-off.
40. Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at top of her lungs.
41. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree engineering or architecture.
42. “Learn through use” is a good piece of advice for those are studying a new language.
43. I am already looking forward to their next visit I can show them more of what Seville offers and what I am still yet to discover.
44. It is is written on the signs inside the bus that has people talking.
45. Despite this, some people became so absorbed in the activity they completely forgot to check the clock.
五、单句改错（每小题2分，共20分）
46. Many North Europeans carry a cotton handerchief in their pocket into which they sometimes brush their noses.
47. Messages that we are not direct aware of are often the most powerful.
48. Della wanted to buy Jim something fine and rare—something worthy of the honor of owned by Jim.
49. While in his college days he used to keep long hair.
50. In this lab Dr Smith is free to do his research some way he wants.
51. His pale face suggests that he be ill.
52. It’s a very touching story, and I don’t think you will read it with being moved to tears.
53. The parcel I had been waiting for reaching me yesterday.
54. The problem will be farther discussed at the meeting tomorrow.
55. He travelled all over the nation after he retired from work.
2019-2020学年高二上学期训练卷
选修六 Unit4 Global warming
英 语（二）答 案
一、阅读理解（每小题2分，共16分）
A
【答案】1-4 BACA
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，当维苏威火山爆发的时候，很多人都没有想到，因此失去了生命。通过小Pliny的描述我们才得知维苏威火山爆发时的一些情况。庞贝古城对于古罗马的历史保存有很大的贡献。
1.细节理解题。根据第一段It is mainly thanks to the account of the younger Pliny that we have some understanding of what happened可知，主要是由于小Pliny的描述我们才可以得知维苏威火山爆发时的一些情况。故B项正确。
2.细节理解题。根据第一段可知，小Pliny的叔叔老Pliny当时驻扎在Misenum，负责（in command of）这个海军基地。故A项正确。
3.细节理解题。根据第二段But they didn’t realize the danger because the phenomenon was frequent in Vesuvius then可知，当时很多人，包括老Pliny在内，并没有意识到维苏威火山爆发可能带来的灾难，因为这种现象在当时是时常发生的。故C项正确。
4.细节理解题。根据文章内容可知维苏威火山的爆发是出乎当地人意料的，很多人都失去了性命。同时庞贝古城对于古罗马的历史保存有很大的贡献。文章并没有提到老Pliny为庞培的发现做出过重大贡献。故A项正确。
B
【答案】5-8 DCBB
【解析】针对传统空调的低效使用问题，BuildingIQ公司研发了一种软件解决该问题。
5.推理判断题。文章第一段提到炎热的夏季人们进入写字楼时需要穿毛衣或带加热器，表明对空调的低效使用，故选D项。
6.细节理解题。由文章第三段That model can predict how much or how little to keep the people inside comfortable可知，该热模型可预测出使人们舒适状态下所需的空调量。选B。
7.词义猜测题。结合语境，热模型通过分析各种数据预测出使人舒适的状态下所需的空调量从而可加以调整以使能源效率最大化，故选B项。
8.主旨大意题。结合文章第四段首句提到buildingIQ会将个人偏好也考虑在内，
故本段主题是B项。
二、七选五（每小题2分，共10分）
【答案】9-13 BFCDG
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，与他人保持长久的健康关系是一门艺术，在本文中作者就如何和别人保持长久的健康的关系提出了一些有效的建议。比如，对人要诚实，要尊重别人，要帮助别人，知道如何和别人交流。
9.此处缺少主题句。根据后一句（不要对人隐瞒，不要撒谎）和末句（诚实一些，他们会对你敞开心扉）可知应选B：要做一个诚实的人。
10.根据前面两句可知作者告诉我们要了解自己同伴的需求，迎合他们的喜好，不要只是考虑自己的感受和需要。选项F：学会了解你的同伴的情绪、愿望和需求可以承接上下文。所以选择F项。
11.根据后面两句可知要愿意帮助他人，要让别人知道我们是值得依赖的。C选项：要确保你能激励你的同伴符合语境。
12.根据本段主题句和空格前面的两句Laughter is the key to happiness和Laughter may seem...可知选D，Laughter是提示词。所以选择D项。
13.根据下句可知和别人的交流很重要，而且要注意交流的方式方法，选项G：如果他们做了一些使你不高兴的事情，要用一种礼貌的方式告诉他们符合语境。所以选择G项。
三、完形填空（每小题1.5分，共30分）
【答案】14-18 DABCA 19-23 ACDCB 24-28 DAACB 29-33 DABDC
【解析】本篇文章主要描写了发生在美国的龙卷风给美国各地造成的人员伤亡和经济损失等情况。
14.结合空格前面的20-25 tornadoes和后面的in several Great Plains states on Sunday可知周日一天有20到25场龙卷风席卷了这些地方。touch down即降落，着陆，符合语境。
15.根据空前的Though和unharmed可知这里与unharmed构成对比，即这里指这些小城镇。
16.结合下句可知，这是一场非常强烈的龙卷风。
17.从空格后面的up to 140 miles per hour可知，这场龙卷风的速度高达每小时140英里。reach即增加到（某一速度、数量等），符合语境。
18.与前面的destroying homes相呼应，这里指吹倒了很多的电线杆。
19.根据前面的This storm spun up really fast可知，这个龙卷风很快就形成了，因此预警的时间非常有限（limited）。
20.根据语境可知，这里指急救人员们快速移动去帮助那些受到影响的（affected）人们。
21.根据常识可知，龙卷风是以风伤害人的，因此选D。
22.句意：一个司机因暴风雨后上涨的洪水而死亡。
23.句意：九个人在这个时速130英里的龙卷风中受伤。
24.句意：龙卷风不是唯一的恶劣（severe）天气。
25.黑山的人们面临着一场晚春雪。be faced with指面临，面对，符合语境。
26.句意：龙卷风形成于雷暴的内部。form：形成，符合语境。
27.结合空后的like funnels可知，这里说明了龙卷风的形状。
28.结合后面的tornadoes can happen in any state...可知，前后两分句之间为让步关系故选B。
29.此处与前面的can happen in any state呼应，指龙卷风在美国的中部最为普遍。
30.结合下文中的the U.S. in May than in any other month可知，这个时候的暴风雨很寻常。
31.根据语境可知，一般龙卷风在每年的5月份更多地袭击美国。
32.根据第一段中的Serious storms smashed the central United States On 12, May, 2015可知，此处应该指美国整个国家范围之内的情况。
33.根据上文内容可知，美国每年5月份龙卷风就相对来说多一些且自从5月2日起，一直就有龙卷风的报道，这说明了这是一年之中的危险时刻。
四、单句语法填空（每小题2分，共24分）
34.【答案】development
【解析】设空处之前有定冠词the修饰，其后有介词of，这里指筷子的发展，故填development。
35.【答案】them
【解析】设空处指代从句中的the gorillas以避免重复，故填them。
36.【答案】to see
【解析】句意：你不必为了弄清跑步带来的好处而跑很快，很久。由句意可知，此处在句中作目的状语，主语You与动词see为主动关系，故填不定式的主动式to see。
37.【答案】laying
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句的主语为This，谓语动词included后由and连接了三个动名词作宾语：digging，laying与building。
38.【答案】permitted
【解析】permit与从句中的谓语动词was不是并列关系，因此是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词reporter，两者之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式。
39.【答案】than
【解析】考查介词。句意：玉米用水量比水稻少，造成更少的化肥流失。根据句中的less可知此处表示比较，故使用介词than。
40.【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：出乎意料的是，我正与那只大猩猩面对面，它开始声嘶力竭地尖叫。at the top of one’s lungs意为声嘶力竭地。
41.【答案】in
【解析】a degree in...表示某专业的学位，专业前用介词in。
42.【答案】who
【解析】句意：对于正在学习一门新语言的人而言，学以致用是一条好的建议。先行词为those，定语从句中缺少主语，指学习新语言的人，故填关系代词who。those作为先行词，指人时，关系代词不能用that。
43.【答案】when
【解析】根据句意可知their next visit是先行词，先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，故答案为when。
44.【答案】what
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：大家谈论起了公共汽车内写在指示牌上的东西。本句为强调句，强调了句子的主语。主语从句中缺主语，故使用what。
45.【答案】that
【解析】句意：尽管如此，一些人太专注于这项活动以至于他们完全忘记看表了。so...that...为常用句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。引导结果状语从句。
五、单句改错（每小题2分，共20分）
46.【答案】brush改为blow
【解析】句意：很多北欧人常在口袋里装一块手绢，有时他们可以把鼻涕擤在里面。擤鼻涕用blow one’s nose表示。
47.【答案】direct改为directly
【解析】副词修饰形容词aware。
48.【答案】在owned前加being
【解析】of为介词，介词后要跟动名词的被动式。
49.【答案】keep改为wear
【解析】句意：大学时他留长发。wear有留着，戴着之意，keep无此意。
50.【答案】some改为any
【解析】句意：在这个实验室，史密斯博士可以随心所欲地做他的研究。some way指某种方式；any way指任何方式。
51.【答案】be改为is
【解析】suggest表示暗示时，宾语从句用一般时态。
52.【答案】with改为without
【解析】句意：那个故事很感人，我想你读它时不可能不被感动得流泪。
53.【答案】reaching改为reached
【解析】The parcel是主语，I had been waiting for是定语从句，reached作谓语。
54.【答案】farther改为further
【解析】farther表示更远；further表示更进一步。此处表示进一步。
55.【答案】nation改为country
【解析】nation指国家时，强调人；country指国家时，强调疆域。
