Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Ⅰ.核心单词
1．sculpture n. 雕像
2．homesick adj. 想家的
3．confusing adj. 令人迷惑的
4．unique adj. 独特的；独一无二的
5．invisible adj. 看不见的
Ⅱ.拓展单词
1．behavior n．举止；行为→behave v．表现
2．alarm n．/v.闹钟；使……警觉→alarming adj.令人惊慌的→alarmed adj.感到惊慌的
3．creativity n．创造力→create v．创造→creative adj.有创意的
4．reflect v．反思；反映→reflection n．反映；思考
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．burn_up 烧毁
2．burn_down (建筑物)(被)烧毁
3．have_trouble_doing 在做……方面有困难
4．get_seasick 晕船
5．in_one's_free_time 在某人的业余时间
6．take_a_photo 拍照
7．on_the_train 在火车上
8．the_opposite_of... ……的反义词，……的对立面
9．look_out_of 向外看
10．human_race 人类
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.
在菠萝里既没有松树也没有苹果。
2．That_is_why when the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are invisible.
这就是为何当星星出来时，它们是可以看得见的，但是当灯关了的时候，它们是不可以看见的。
1．What's the purpose of the question in paragraph one?
A．To ask the reader for an answer.
B．To introduce the topic.
C．To amuse himself.
D．To do a survey.
答案：B
2．We get homesick when we ________.
A．leave home for another place
B．get home
C．are away from home for a long time
D．do our homework
答案：C
3．Which of the following is Wrong?
A．We can travel in the car or on the bus.
B．We may get airsick in the air.
C．Shameless and shameful are opposite.
D．There isn't harm in a hamburger.
答案：C
4．We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．English reflects the creativity of people.
B．English was invited by computers.
C．English is dull.
D．English is spoken by many countries.
答案：A
5．What's the main idea of the text?
A．The history of English.
B．The development of modern English.
C．English can be a crazy language to learn.
D．Learning English is very easy.
答案：C
熟词生义：
behavior还可以指(机器等的)运转状况
图形助记：
易错提示：unique前面用不定冠词时，应用a, 容易错用成an, 类似单词还有useful, European, university等。
?重点单词和短语
1．behavior n．行为；举止
(1)mind one's behavior 注意某人的行为举止
(2)behave v. 表现；守规矩
behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体
behave well 表现好
behave badly 表现差
①I am sorry about what I did last night — I behaved like a child.
对不起，我昨天晚上表现得太幼稚。
②I think all of us should mind our behavior in public places.
我认为我们大家都应该注意在公共场所的行为举止。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)I want you to behave yourself (you) while I'm away.
(2)Everyone is angry because of his rude behavior (behave)．
2．unique adj.独特的；独一无二的
(1)a unique opportunity 极难得的机会
be unique to sb./sth. 为……所独有
(2)uniqueness n. 独特
①His voice is unique.
他的声音非常独特。
②This friendly atmosphere is unique to our team.
这种友好的氛围是我们队所独有的。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)This kind of architecture (建筑) is unique to this area.
(2)You won't believe his_unique_way_of_thinking_and_rich_imagination.
你将无法相信他独特的思考方式和丰富的想像力。
3.reflect v．思考；反思；反映；反射
(1)reflect ... in... 在……中映出……
reflect on... 反思；思考
(2)reflection n. 映像；反射；反映
①A man's actions reflect his thoughts.
人的行动反映出他的思想。
②Her face was reflected in the mirror.
镜子中映出她的脸。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)After reflection (reflect), I felt I had made a wrong decision.
(2)At night, I_reflected_on_what_had_happened_during_the_day.
在夜晚，我反思白天发生的事情。
4．creativity n．创造力；创意
(1)create v. 创造；制造；引起(骚动)
(2)creation n. 创作；作品
(3)creative adj. 有创造力的
①The writer created a very exciting story.
作者创作了一个激动人心的故事。
②We are determined to create an even better system.
我们决定研发一个更好的系统。
③The idea for the advertisement is creative.
这个广告的构思很有创意。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)He is famous for his kindness and creativity (creative)．
(2)The boss was pleased with our creative_work (创造性的工作)．
5．have trouble (in) doing...在做……方面有困难
(1)have trouble with sth. 在……方面有困难
have trouble (in) doing 在做……方面有困难
(2)同样用法还有problem, difficulty
①He has some trouble with his scientific research.
他在他的科研方面有一些麻烦。
②We have no difficulty in finding his house.我们毫不吃力地找到了他的家。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)He has trouble getting (get) along with his classmates.
(2)Do you have any trouble with_this_task_/finishing_this_task (完成这个任务)?
6．burn up 烧毁；烧光
burn down 烧倒；烧毁
burn out 燃尽
burn to the ground 烧成平地
get burned 被烫伤；晒伤
①If you forgot to turn off the iron when you went away, you might burn down the house.
如果你走开时忘了关掉熨斗，那么你有可能烧毁房子。
②My candle was almost burnt out when, by its tiny light, I saw the yellow eye of the creature open.
我的蜡烛就要燃尽了，这时，借着微弱的火光，我看到怪物的黄色眼睛慢慢睁开。
③Don't forget you can still get burnt when you're swimming.
别忘了，游泳时你还是有可能晒伤的。
[即学即练] 单句写作
(1)After the big fire, the_tall_building_was_burned_to_the_ground.
大火之后，这个高楼被烧成平地。
(2)Fires have_burned_up 180,000 acres of forest.
大火已经烧光了18万亩的森林。,词缀助记：
前缀re-表示：“回”，词根flect表示“弯曲”，又弯回来就是“折回”，引申为“反射；反映；思考”等意思。
图形助记：
发散思维
creation n．创造→creative adj.有创造力的
action n．行动→active adj.积极的
imagination n．想象力→imaginative adj.想象中的
instruction n．指导→instructive adj.有教育意义的
谚语助记
Don't trouble trouble till trouble troubles.
麻烦没找你，你别找麻烦。
熟词生义
burn up还有“消耗；烧旺起来”意思
Brisk walking burns up more calories than slow jogging.
快走比慢跑能消耗更多的热量。
Mum put more wood on the fire to make it burn up.
妈妈往火里加了些柴使它烧得更旺。
易错提示
neither... nor可连接并列的主语、宾语、谓语、表语等。连接并列主语时，谓语与靠近它的主语一致。
Neither you nor I am wrong.
你没错，我也没错。
发散思维
The reason why... is that ...
……的原因是……
The reason why they put off the match was that it rained heavily.
?重点句型
1．(教材P14)Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.
在菠萝里既没有松树也没有苹果。
neither... nor... 既不……也不……
neither或nor放句首，句子部分倒装，即将系动词，助动词或情态动词提至主语前。
①He neither drinks nor smokes.
他既不喝酒，也不吸烟。
②Neither does he like nor has he tried this kind of food.
他既不喜欢，也没品尝过这种食物。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)I have neither money nor time for the ball.
(2)He didn't remember. Neither did I.
(3)Neither Tom nor his parents were_invited (invite) to the party yesterday.
2．(教材P15)That's why when the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are invisible.
这就是为何当星星出来时，它们是可以看见的，但是当灯是灭的时，它们是看不见的。
That's why... 这就是为何……(后加结果)
That's because... 这就是因为……(后加原因)
①It rained heavily. That was why they put off the match.
雨下得很大。这就是为何他们推迟了比赛。
②They put off the match. That's because it rained heavily.
他们推迟了会议，这是因为雨下得太大了。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)He is ill. That's why he doesn't come to school.
(2)He was fired. That's because he made a serious mistake.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Please mind your behavior (行为) in public.
2．When he heard the alarm (警报), he left the building quickly.
3．The koala is unique (独特的) to Austrilia.
4．His love for nature is_reflected (反映) in his works.
5．Creativity (创造力) is of great importance in scientific discovery.
6．His shameful/shameless (无耻的) action made everyone angry with him.
7．The artist has made a large number of sculptures (雕像)．
8．He wound (打上发条) the watch and it started again.
9．Being away from parents makes him homesick (想家的)．
10．He had eggplant (茄子) for lunch today.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．There is nothing to get alarmed (alarm) about.
2．The girl has difficulty passing (pass) the driving test.
3．The reason why he didn't arrive on time was that he was held up in traffic jam.
4．When we see something interesting, we stopped to take a photo.
5．When you apply for a job, you may be asked to fill in a form.
6．Neither Li Hua nor his classmates are (be) to take part in this activity.
7．On some level, a student's grades are a reflection (reflect) of the teacher.
8．The teacher asks the students to behave themselves (they) in class.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
One day my daughter asked me 1.whether there was a ham in a hamburger. This made me realize English can be a crazy language to learn. There is no egg in eggplant and neither is there pine 2.nor apple in pineapple. There are other things 3.that/which I feel puzzled (迷茫的). We travel in a car but 4.on the train or bus. Homework are not the same 5.as housework. What's more, harmless is the opposite of harmful but shameless and shameful 6.are (be) the same. Even the smallest of words can be 7.confusing (confuse). You may read “WHO” as the “who” in “Who's that？” English 8.was_invented (invente) by people and it 9.reflects (reflect) the creativity of human race. That's 10.why these differences happen.
Section Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures
Grammar——名词、形容词、副词短语句法功能
[新知导引]
诵读下列例句并感知画线部分的共性
1．The first week was a little confusing.
2．The building is so big that I'm completely lost.
3．My first French class was very confusing.
4．I know that Chinese is a very difficult language.
5．I tried to join the school football team, but the coach told me that I didn't play well enough.
6．I understand quite well that you are anxious and feel terrible.
[共性呈现]
1．所有画线部分都是短语(词组)。
2．The first week, The building, My first French class属于名词短语，并作主语。
3．a little confusing, so big, completely lost, very confusing属于形容词短语，并且作表语；a very difficult language属于名词短语，作表语。
4．the school football team属于名词短语，作宾语。
5．so quickly与well enough属于副词短语，作状语。
[语法精释]
一、名词短语(Noun Phrases)
名词短语：指一个名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词，可作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。常见名词短语的构成形式有：
限定词＋名词 如：the girl
限定词＋形容词(短语)＋名词 如：a beautiful girl
限定词＋名词＋介词短语 如：a beautiful campus of my school
限定词＋描述性名词＋名词 如：my school life
①The young lady over there is my English teacher.
那边的那位年轻女士是我的英语老师。(名词短语The young lady 的构成形式为：限定词＋形容词＋名词，该短语在句中充当主语)
②As a student, you must finish your homework on time.
作为一名学生，你必须按时完成作业。(名词短语your homework 的构成形式为：限定词＋名词，该短语在句中充当宾语)
③I have three close friends.
我有三个要好的朋友。(名词短语three close friends的构成形式为：限定词＋形容词＋名词，该短语在句中充当宾语)
④He is my best friend.
他是我最好的朋友。(名词短语my best friend的构成形式为：限定词＋形容词＋名词，该短语在句中充当表语)
⑤There are some red roses on that small table.
在那张小餐桌上有一些红玫瑰。(名词短语some red roses的构成形式为：限定词＋形容词＋名词＋介词短语，该短语在句中充当主语；that small table也是名词短语，在句中作介词on的宾语)
[即学即练1]
写出下列句中的名词短语构成形式及在句中所作成分
如：In my opinion, dancing is an exciting art form.
构成形式：限定词＋形容词＋名词＋名词；作表语
(1)The red clothes with five yellow stars are mine.
构成形式：限定词＋形容词＋名词＋介词短语；作主语
(2)They made him chairman of the meeting.
构成形式：名词＋介词短语；作宾补
(3)Miss Li, our math teacher, is very young.
构成形式：限定词＋名词＋名词；作同位语
(4)The first young man is a bus driver.
The first young man是：限定词＋序数词＋形容词＋名词；作主语
a bus driver是：限定词＋名词＋名词；作表语
二、形容词短语(Adjective Phrases)
形容词短语：指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词，可以修饰名词或代词，还可以用作表语或者宾语补足语。常见形容词短语的构成形式有：
副词＋形容词 如：very suitable
形容词＋enough 如：good enough
形容词＋介词短语 如：good for nothing
副词＋形容词＋介词 如：well worthy of praise
①I'm very glad to see you.
我见到你很高兴。(副词＋形容词；作表语)
②Your room is large and beautiful.
你的房间大且美丽。(形容词＋and/but＋形容词，该短语在句中充当表语)
③The most beautiful tourist attraction in China is Mount Huang.
中国最美丽的旅游景点是黄山。(副词＋形容词，该短语在句中作定语修饰名词tourist attraction)
④A good friend is someone who makes you really happy.
好朋友就是能让你真正高兴的人。(副词＋形容词，该短语在句中作宾语补足语)
⑤Cold and hungry, he stopped working and went home.
又冷又饿，他停止工作回家了。(形容词＋and＋形容词，该短语在句中作状语)
⑥The little boy is old enough to go to school.
这个男孩已经到了上学年龄了。(形容词＋副词， 该短语在句中充当表语)
[即学即练2] 写出下列句中的形容词短语构成形式及在句中所作成分
如：It is less cold today than it was yesterday.
构成形式：副词＋形容词；作表语
(1)I find English very hard to learn.
构成形式： 副词＋形容词；作宾语补足语
(2)Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.
构成形式：副词＋and＋副词＋形容词；作表语
(3)The road is long enough.
构成形式：形容词＋副词；作表语
(4)The medicine is good for stomach.
构成形式：形容词＋介词短语；作表语
(5)He looked very worried.
构成形式：副词＋形容词；作表语
三、副词短语(Adverb Phrases)
副词短语：指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词，可以修饰动词、形容词或副词。常见副词短语的构成形式为：
(副词)＋副词 如：much more beautifully
①She is by no means poor. In fact, she is quite rich.
她一点也不穷。实际上，她很富有。
(副词quite修饰形容词rich)
②Bill did the work very well.
比尔的工作做得很好。(副词very修饰副词well，副词短语very well修饰动词did)
③We are all entirely responsible for our actions.
我们都要对自己的行为负全部责任。(副词all修饰副词entirely，副词短语all entirely修饰形容词短语responsible for)
④Luckily, I will have enough spare time to take part in the activity.
幸运的是，我将有足够的时间参加活动。(副词Luckily作状语修饰整个句子)
[即学即练3] 画出下列句中的副词(短语)
(1)I have completely forgotten your birthday.
(2)Finally, I have made up my mind to join the club.
(3)You are driving too fast. Could you drive less slowly?
(4)Strangely enough, she didn't seem to like ballet very much.
(5)The horse ran quite slowly, so they arrived very late.
答案：(1)completely (2)Finally (3)too fast; less slowly (4)Strangely enough; very much (5)quite slowly；very late
Ⅰ.写出下列加黑词的句法功能
1．The tallest boy in our class is Li Lei.(限定词＋形容词＋名词；作主语)
2．She studies English very hard.(副词＋副词；作状语)
3．Tom carefully wrote some letters to his friends.(形容词＋名词；作宾语)
4．I'd like to go to coffee shop this weekend.(名词＋名词；作宾语)
5．Surprisingly, he refused our offer.(副词作状语)
6．He looked very worried.(副词＋形容词；作表语)
7．Corn is a useful plant that can be eaten by both people and animals.(限定词＋形容词＋名词；作表语)
8．John, an old friend of mine, comes from America.(限定词＋形容词＋名词＋介词短语；作同位语)
Ⅱ.写出下列句中的形容词短语在句中所作的成分
1．He is young but clever.(作表语)
2．Traveling alone is quite dangerous.(作表语)
3．It is an easy thing to do.(作表语)
4．I think he is a man suitable for the job.(作定语)
5．I find the yard fairly quiet.(作宾语补足语)
Ⅲ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．I suggest that you think about it very carefully (careful)．
2．Mary and Jane are quite different (difference)．
3．He spoke too quickly (quick) for me to understand.
4．It really (real) works very well.
5．They got home at last, tired (tire) and hungry.
Ⅳ.语法与写作
1．It sounds like a_good_idea.
听起来是个好主意。
2．She is so_clever_that we all like her.
她很聪明，我们都喜欢她。
3．It_is_very_important_for_us to form a good habit.
对我们来说，养成一个好习惯是很重要的。
4．I am_very_interested_in Chinese culture.
我对中国文化很感兴趣。
5．At the moment, I have become_the_focus_of_the_whole_class.
此刻，我已经成为全班的焦点。
6．We will try to _make_our_country_more_beautiful.
我们将努力使我们的国家更美丽。
7．I wish you a_safe_return.
祝你平安归来。
8．I won the_first_prize_in the Chinese speech contest.
我获得了汉语演讲比赛的一等奖。
9．I am terribly_sorry_to have you waiting for such a long time.
我非常抱歉让你等这么久。
10．I have no money to buy such_an_expensive_gift for her.
我没有钱给她买这么贵的礼物。
Section Ⅲ Using language & Developing ideas
Ⅰ.核心单词
1．subway n. 地铁
2．gas n. 汽油；气体(英)
3．petrol n. 汽油(美)
4．flat n. 住房；公寓(美)
5．apartment n. 公寓(英)
6．nowadays n. 如今
7．aspect n. 方面
8．rather adv. 相当；颇
9．context n. 上下文；语境
10．comment n. 评论
11．boot n. 靴子
12．section n. 地区；区域
13．negative adj. 消极的；负面的
14．exchange n. 交换
15．forward adv. 向前
Ⅱ.拓展单词
1．origin n．起源→original adj.原始的
2．remind v．提醒；使想起→reminder n．提醒物
3．actual adj.事实上→actually adv.实际上；事实上
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．would_rather 宁愿；宁可
2．have_a_frog_in_your_throat 说话困难
3．look_forward_to 期待；盼望
4．pick_up 学会；捡起；开车接(某人)
5．be_right_back 马上回来
6．got_to_go 得走了
7．communicate_with 与……交流
8．be_appropriate_for 适合于
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．When_I_was_about_to_leave,_I saw that shoes were actually on the ground floor, not the first floor.
当我即将要离开时，我看见鞋实际上在一层，而不是二层。
2．I spent days preparing_and_writing my first English paper.
我花费了几天的时间准备和写我的第一篇英语论文。
1.What's the text mainly about?
A．Some interesting expressions.
B．Some English phrases that may lead to misunderstanding.
C．The story of an exchange student.
D．Something about animals.
答案：B
2．What's real meaning of “Not bad！” in English?
A．Very good.
B．Not really well.
C．You still need to do a lot of work.
D．Quite terrible.
答案：A
3．What is the first floor in British English?
A．The first floor. B．The second floor.
C．The ground floor. D．The third floor.
答案：C
4．When a people in London say someone is wicked, he means the people is ________.
A．very nice B．a mean man
C．a bad man D．an active man
答案：C
?重点单词和短语
1．nowadays n．如今
①Nowadays people separate their waste to make it easier for it to be reused.
现在人们把垃圾分类，以便于废物再利用。
②Nowadays any country can take part if their athletes are good enough.
如今，任何国家只要运动员达到了参赛标准，都能参加(奥运会)。
[即学即练] 单句写作
Nowadays,_more_and_more_people_pay_attention_to environment protection.
当今社会，越来越多的人关注环境保护。,
发散思维
表示“当今”的其它用法
now 当今
at present 目前；当前
currently 当今；现在
熟词生义：
aspect还可以指建筑物的朝向
图形助记：
词缀助记：
前缀re表示“再，重新”，
mind表示“思考，想法”，
remind就表示“使记住；使想起”。
图形助记：
The girl reminds the boy that there is danger ahead.
发散思维
表“实际上；事实上”的词组还有as a matter of fact, in reality, in truth，in fact等。
词缀助记
前缀com表强调，词根
ment表示“思考；想法”，
对某人或某事发表意见就是“评论”
2.aspect n．方面；侧面；面貌
every aspect of life 生活的方方面面
a new aspect 一个新面貌
①Technological change is everywhere and affects every aspect of life.
技术革新到处可见，并影响着生活的方方面面。
②Our school takes on an entirely new aspect.
我们的学校面貌一新。
[即学即练] 完成句子
(1)I become afraid of the_angry_aspect_of_the_man (那个人生气的一面)．
(2)She felt she had looked at the problem from_every_aspect (从各个方面)．
3．remind v．提醒；使想起
(1)remind sb. to do 提醒某人做某事
remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起……
remind sb. that... 提醒某人……
(2)reminder n. 提醒物
①I forgot to remind him about/of the time for the interview.
我忘了提醒他面试的时间。
②We put up a board to remind people to protect the trees.
我们竖起一块牌子提醒人们保护树木。
③I reminded myself that what my mother could do, I could, too.
我提醒自己，妈妈能做的我也能做。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)In our childhood, we were_reminded (remind) by grandmother to pay attention to our table manners.
(2)He placed the brochure on his desk as a reminder (remind)．
(3)This photo reminds_him_of (使他想起) his junior high school days.
4．actually adv.实际上；事实上
(1)actually adv.实际上＝in fact
(2)actual adj. 实际上的
the actual cost 实际的花费
an actual record 真实的记录
Since life is a stage, we are actually all actors and actresses.
既然生活是舞台，那我们实际上都是演员。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)Most people hate that kind of work, but I actually (actual) like it.
(2)The_actual_cost_was_much_higher than we had expected.
实际的花费比我们预料的高得多。
5．comment n．评论 v．评论；批评
(1)make a comment/comments on 对……作出评论
no comment 无可奉告
(2)comment on... 对……评论
①It is impolite to make unfavourable comments on a person's appearance.
对他人的外貌作负面评论是不礼貌的。
②They are always commenting on/upon what I'm wearing.
他们总是对我的穿着评头论足。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)The discovery is hardly commented (comment) by the press.
(2)He makes_no_comment_on (没有评论) the new policy.
6.would rather 宁愿；宁可
(1)would rather do than do＝would do rather than do
宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
(2)rather than 而不是(连接两个相同结构)
①I would rather stay indoors than go out to play.我宁愿待在室内也不愿出去玩。
②I always prefer starting early rather than leaving everything to the last minute.
我总是愿意早开始，而不愿把所有的事情都留到最后才做。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)It's getting late. I'd rather (that) you left (leave) now.
(2)He would rather express his anger than bottle it up.
(3)She_would_rather_die than give in.
她宁死不屈。
7．pick up 学会；拿起；开车接(某人)；收听；低价买到
写出下列句中pick up的意思
(1)She picked up Japanese when she was in Japan. Now she can speak it freely.学会
(2)We managed to pick up a few bargains in the market.低价买到
(3)She went over to the crying child and picked her up.抱起
(4)I've got to pick up my daughter from school at four o'clock.开车接(某人)
pick out 选出；辨别出
pick sb. to do 挑选某人做……
pick one's pocket 扒窃；掏包
①See if you can pick me out in this photo.看你能不能从这张照片上认出我来。
②When I was in the third grade, I was picked to be the princess in the school play.
在三年级时，我被选为校剧中的公主。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)His story was picked out as the best by the judges.
(2)Sam_picked_up_some_knowledge_of_computer just by watching others working on it.
Sam仅仅通过看别人操作学会了一些电脑知识。,难点提示
would rather后跟从句，从句用一般过去式(did)，表示对现在或将来的虚拟；过去完成式(had done)表示对过去的虚拟，
如：I would rather that you had come yesterday.(过去)
真希望你昨天能来。
I would rather that you were Alice.(现在)
真希望你就是爱丽斯。
熟词生义
pick up还有“恢复(健康)；提高”等意思
Once the snake picked up, it tried to bite me.
那条蛇一恢复过来，就试图咬我。
The train picked up speed.
火车提速了。
?重点句型
1．(教材P21)When I was about to leave, I saw that shoes were actually sold on the ground floor, not the first floor.当我即将离开时，我看到鞋在一楼，而不是二楼。
be about to...后加动词原形，即将做某事，表示要做的事情马上就会发生。是将来时态的一种表达形式。
①We are about to start.我们马上就要出发。
②The new school year is about to begin.
新学年马上就要开始。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)When we arrived at the station, the train was about to_leave (leave)．
(2)The plane is_about_to_take_off (即将起飞)．
2．(教材P21)I spent days preparing and writing my first English paper.
我花费了几天准备和写我的第一个英语论文。
spend... (in) doing sth. 花费(时间/钱)做……
spend... on sth. 在某事上花费(时间/钱)等
①I spend a lot of time (in) explaining the project.
我花了很多时间解释这个方案。
②I spent all my money on my girlfriend.
我所有的钱都花到女朋友身上了。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)He spends too much time on his study.
(2)We spent hours studying (study) the structure of leaves under the microscope.
(3)It took me two months to_finish (finish) the project.,
误区释疑：
be about to do的句子中，不能再加时间状语
(×)The medical team is about to leave immediately.
(√)The medical team is about to leave.
易混辨析
①人spend＋时间/钱on/(in) doing
花费时间/钱做……
②人pay＋钱＋for＋物
某人为某物支付多少钱
③物cost sb.＋钱数
某物花费某人多少钱
④it takes sb.＋时间＋to do
某人花费多长时间做某事
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Will we take a bus or the subway (地铁)?
2．He lived in an apartment (公寓) when he was in France.
3．Nowadays (如今) the number of foreigners who are studying Chinese is increasing.
4．His paper is excellent in every aspect (方面)．
5．The exact meaning of this word must be understood in the context (篇章)．
6．His mother reminds (提醒) him of the date of the meeting.
7．He refused to comment (评论) on the matter.
8．Actually (实际上) he didn't say anything to the police.
9．You should stop focusing on negative (负面的) things.
10．Mary is an exchange (交换) student from the USA.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．I'm looking forward to hearing (hear) from you.
2．The passengers are_reminded (remind) to keep still before the plane comes to a stop.
3．He decides to exchange the old table for a new one.
4．Sometimes, he thinks negatively (negative) while his brother thinks positively.
5．Many people make comments on the plane crash.
6．I would rather that you hadn't_told (tell) him the truth last week.
7．I like reading. I often spend a lot of time on books.
8．I was about to_leave (leave) when my friend visited me.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Some students are sharing their stories about their misunderstanding in language. The first girl's teacher couldn't teach because she had 1.a frog in her throat. She 2.thought (think) her teacher had eaten a big frog. 3.Actually (actual), the teacher's throat (喉咙) was not good that day. The second girl went to a shopping center 4.to_buy (buy) some winter boots. She 5.was_told (tell) the shoe section was 6.on the first floor. But she got lost because the second floor 7.is_called (call) the first floor in her own country. There are some 8.differences (difference). The first boy's penpal told him that his grandfather was “really wicked”. But he found this old man very kind. So he was 9.confused (confuse). The second boy spent days 10.preparing (prepare) his English paper. When he got the paper back, he was surprised to find a comment — “Not bad！”
Section Ⅳ Writing——建议信
技法指导
建议信的目的是向收信人就某事提出自己的建议或忠告。有可能是写给个人，就收信人遇到的某个问题提出自己的看法和观点；也可能是写给某个组织或机构，就改进其服务等方面提出建议忠告。
提出建议时，多用祈使句，时态以一般现在时为主，人称多用第二人称。
[谋篇布局]
建议信的格式和普通信件一样，通常包括以下几个部分：信头、称呼、正文、结束语和签名。因为本写作任务开头和结尾已给出，所以我们只需要写出正文部分即可。
建议信的正文部分分为三部分：
第一部分：引出话题；
第二部分：提出建议；
第三部分：表达祝愿。
[增分佳句]
1．建议信开头常用句式：
①I know you are now having trouble communicating with others, and you may often feel lonely.
我知道你现在在与人交流方面有些麻烦，你也可能经常感到孤独。
②I'm glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on...
很高兴收到你就……征求建议的来信。
③Here are some tips/a few suggestions to help you.
这里有一些建议可以帮到你。
④I think you can make it if you follow the advice below.
如果你听从以下建议，我认为你会做到的。
2．表达建议常用句式：
①First(ly), why not join a club? If you do this, you can make friends.
首先，为什么不参加一个俱乐部？如果你这样做的话，就会交到朋友。
②Second(ly), you should/can try to talk with others. Then/That way， you will feel better.
其次，你应该尽力与他人交谈。这样，你会感觉好点。
③Third(ly), it would be a good idea if you read a book or listen to music. By doing this, you will calm yourself down.
第三，看书或听音乐是个不错的主意。通过这样做，你会使自己平静下来。
④Last but not least, you should talk with her first.
最后但同等重要的是，你应该先和她谈一谈。
⑤As far as I am concerned/In my opinion, you should help each other.
就我而言/在我看来，你们应该互相帮助。
3．建议信结尾常用句式：
①I hope you will find these ideas useful.
我希望你会发现这些办法有用。
②As time goes on, people will know you better and will like to make friends with you if you can follow the above.
如果你听从以上建议，随着时间的推移，人们会更加理解你，会愿意和你交朋友的。
③I believe that if you follow my advice, you'll get along well with your classmates.
我相信，如果你听从我的建议，你会和同学们相处好的。
④I believe, with your trying, you can manage to overcome these difficulties.
我相信，通过努力，你会克服这些困难的。
[建议信模板]
(一)
Dear ________，
I'm glad/sorry to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to _____________(引出主题). Here are a few suggestions.
First, it is important to ________________. Then, it also helps to ________________. Besides, it should be a good idea to ________________. You can also ________________.(此三句不同的句式提出建议) As to ________________， I suggest ________________ (有时根据需要具体到某一方面). In addition, ________________ (其他建议). I'm sure ________________ (预测可能的结果，给对方以行动的信心和决心)．
I'm looking forward to ________________ (表达愿望)．
Sincerely yours，
Miss Wang
(二)
Dear ________，(问候语)
You wrote that ______________.(你知晓对方面临的问题) I understand that ______________.
(你理解对方的处境或想法)I think ________________， because ______________.(告知对方如何去做并如此做的理由)
I am sure that ________________.(表达自己的期望)
Best wishes，
________
精品展示
假设你是你校英语报社的编辑Miss Wang，现在小冬因不善于交流在交友过程中遇到了困难，请你用英语给他写一封100词左右的回信，给他提出一些建议或意见。
[审题谋篇]
第一步：明确要求
该写作属于应用文类的书信，故要用第一人称来写；信的主要内容是写建议，根据题意，首先明确书信双方的身份，自己为报社编辑，对方是寻求建议的小冬，主题是关于交友中遇到的困难。需要给对方提出下一步的意见和建议，故用一般将来时，同时兼顾书信的特点，会用到表达愿望的情态动词。
第二步：确定段落
本篇作文可以从以下几个方面入手：
Para. 1 首先要陈述自己的关心
Para. 2 指出问题产生的原因，并提出建议
Para. 3 表达自己的希望与祝福
第三步：提炼要点
1．have_trouble_in_making_friends 交友有困难
2．likes_and_dislikes 好恶
3．get_along_well_with 与……相处得好
4．in_trouble 处于困境中
5．take_an_active_part_in 积极参加
第四步：句式升级
1．听说你交友困难，我很难过。
(一般表达)I'm sorry to hear that you can't make friends.
(高级表达)I'm sorry you are having trouble in making friends.
2．首先，了解你同学的喜好。
(一般表达)First, get to know what your classmates like and what they don't like.
(高级表达)First,_why_not_learn_about_your_classmates'_likes_and_dislikes?
3．第二，积极参与班级讨论会帮你显示你的友好。
(一般表达)Second, taking an active part in the discussions in your class helps to show you are friendly.
(高级表达)Second,_it_will_help_you_to_show_you_are_friendly_if_you_take_an_active_part_in_the_discussions_in_your_class.
[连句成篇]
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Dear Xiao Dong，
I'm sorry you are having trouble in making friends. However, the situation is easy to change if you take my advice. Here are some tips to help you.
First, why not learn about your classmates' likes and dislikes? Then you can have much in common with them, which helps you get along well with them. Second, it will help you to show you are friendly if you take an active part in the discussions in your class. Third, it would be a good idea to help others when they are in trouble.
With time going on, people will know you better and will like to make friends with you if you follow the tips above.
Yours，
Miss Wang
Unit 2 Exploring English
英语何以会成为全球通用语言？下面的这篇文章将为你揭晓答案。
How English Became So Popular
With more than 350 million people around the world speaking English as a first language and more than 430 million speaking it as a second language, there are so many English speakers in most countries around the world. Why is English so popular?
People often call English the international language of business. Many of the best MBA programs are taught in English, so speaking it well can put you in a position to get the best training. Most companies require a certain degree of English proficiency (能力), so in order to get a position with a top company, more and more people are learning English.
In the field of science, you should pay much attention to English too. Much of the technical terminology (术语) is based
on English words, and if you want to learn about the latest developments and discoveries from around the world, you'll read about them in magazines and research reports published in English.
English also opens doors in the academic (学术的)world.If the best program in your field is in an English-speaking country, English will give you the opportunity to study with the top scholars (学者). As well as studying and teaching, taking part in international conferences and publishing in foreign magazines are some of the key steps to success in academia. In order to speak at these conferences or publish in these magazines, excellent English is necessary.
So, what's stopping you from learning this global language? With all the resources (资源) available on the Internet and so many other English speakers around the world to practice with, there's never been a better time to start learning English. Pick up a book, learn a few words, or even start a course today and take your first steps towards becoming one of nearly 800 million English speakers in the world.
课时作业4 Unit 2 Section Ⅰ
Starting out & understanding idea
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
A year back I received a full scholarship (奖学金) to attend the University of San Francisco. All of my hard work paid off. My mom had spent a lot on my attending a private high school, so I made sure to push myself: I volunteered, took part in various clubs, and graduated with honors. I was so excited to start a new part of my life.
Soon enough, the big day came, but it wasn't like what I had thought. The first two weeks were the most difficult days of my entire life. Every night I would cry myself to sleep. I was missing my family, my home and everything in my hometown so much and I didn't know how to deal with my broken heart.
To_distract_myself,_I threw myself into my studies. I also found a ton of jobs. In any free time, I started forcing myself to go to the gym. I wanted to keep every part of my day busy so I wouldn't think about how lonely I felt. Soon after, I began to control my eating, considering it another solution to my homesickness(想家). But soon there was something wrong with me.
Finally, I went to see a doctor. When the doctor told me I had no choice but to take time away from school, I started to fear. How could I stop? School was what I was best at. “I'm not so bad，” I thought in my head. But the result was that I was taken to hospital again a month later and my mother came heartbrokenly. I had to take a semester off from school, and go to the treatment center near my home.
If there are girls who are suffering similarly, I hope you know that there is hope and that you should have a positive attitude towards life. Though you may feel alone, there are so many people who can understand your struggle. That's why I want to share my story.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者进入大学后非常想家，努力克服但效果甚微，最后导致身体不好不得不退学休养。
1．What can we know about the author in high school?
A．She studied very hard.
B．She disliked volunteering.
C．Her parents controlled much of her life.
D．Her family made her feel under pressure.
答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第一段的“A year back I received a full scholarship to attend the University of San Francisco. All of my hard work paid off.”可知，作者在高中时期学习很努力。故选A项。
2．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?
A．To prove my ability.
B．To improve my studies.
C．To earn money by myself.
D．To draw my attention away from homesickness.
答案与解析：D 句意理解题。根据画线部分后的“I threw myself into my studies. I also found a ton of jobs...”可知，作者投入学习，并且找了很多工作，空闲时间还去健身，这些都是为了使自己忙起来，从而转移自己想家的注意力。故选D项。
3．What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?
A．To look back on her past life.
B．To increase her own confidence.
C．To express appreciation to her mother.
D．To encourage other girls like her to be positive.
答案与解析：D 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段内容尤其是“If there are girls who are suffering similarly, I hope you know that there is hope and that you should have a positive attitude towards life.”可知，作者写这篇文章主要是为了鼓励跟她有着相似经历的女孩子积极面对生活。故选D项。
B
“I feel unlikable, lonely and hopeless，” said Lisa, a bright teenager from a loving home. “It seems that nobody wants to become my friend. What's wrong with me？”
Like Lisa, many of us experience loneliness. The truth is that all people, no matter what their age or character — even the most outgoing, wealthy and popular — experience loneliness at least sometimes. It's healthy and natural to want to be around people who care. After all, we've all heard “No man is an island.” That's true. We all need others in our lives.
Solomon, the wisest man who ever lived, explains that if we want friends, we must be friendly and reach out to others. But it has risk. Because we are often afraid of rejection (拒绝), many of us are unwilling to reach out to others. We take a safer way and wait for others to make friends with us. But if we want friends, we've got to get beyond this.
If making friends is your goal as well, you need to consider taking some measures (措施)．
Be willing to take the initiative (主动权). If you see someone whom you would like to know, don't wait for her to make the first move. Get close to her and begin a conversation. Let her know in a non-aggressive (无攻击性的) way that you are interested in being friends with her.
Reach out to those who are lonely. When you see someone at school sitting alone, go over and talk to her. And don't let popularity decide whom you reach out to. You'll often be surprised at the beautiful qualities behind a shy appearance.
Ask questions. Start your first conversation by asking this possible friend what she likes to do or asking about her family. Be sure to ask questions that cannot be replied with “yes” or “no”. For example, don't ask “Do you have a dog？” Instead, say “So, tell me about your pets.” Avoiding asking “yes” or “no” questions makes your possible friend not end your communication with a one-word answer.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了朋友的重要性以及如何结交朋友。
4．Why does the author begin the text with Lisa's worry?
A．To set a sad tone.
B．To share Lisa's pain.
C．To introduce the topic.
D．To teach readers a lesson.
答案与解析：C 写作意图题。根据文章内容可知，作者用Lisa缺少朋友的忧虑开篇是为了引出本文的话题：友谊。故选C项。
5．What can be a risk caused by reaching out to others according to the passage?
A．Being refused by others.
B．Putting ourselves in danger.
C．Being treated in a rude way.
D．Losing interest in communicating.
答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Because we are often afraid of rejection, many of us are unwilling to reach out to others.”可知，主动出击的风险是可能被他人拒绝。故选A项。
6．What can we know from Paragraph 5?
A．Shy people are hard to talk to.
B．Popular people are often easy-going.
C．Just waiting for chances will waste our time.
D．A proper manner is important in making friends.
答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第五段的“Let her know in a non-aggressive manner that you are interested in being friends with her.”可知，交朋友时方式方法很重要。故选D项。
7．Why does the author suggest not asking “yes” or “no” questions?
A．It is considered unfriendly.
B．It will leave a bad first impression.
C．It shows the poor quality of the speaker.
D．It isn't good for keeping a conversation going.
答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Avoiding asking ‘yes’ or ‘no’ questions makes your possible friend not end your communication with a one-word answer.”可知，问对方能用yes或no回答的问题不利于展开对话。故选D项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
It was the last day of school. The teacher walked around the class and __1__ each student a piece of paper except me. It was everybody's __2__ for the year. I knew that I __3__ the class because I couldn't read. I was __4__ of being asked to come up in front of the class and read.
Suddenly the __5__ bell rang. My seat was next to the door so I just ran out of class across the playground until the fence (栅栏) of our school. I sat on the grass with my head in my knees and burst out __6__. A couple of minutes later I heard the crinkle (沙沙声) of a lunch bag and then __7__. I saw a girl in my class __8__ out my lunch. She set it down next to me then and didn't say a word. She __9__ sat with me till the bell rang. On the way back she put her arm around me. “You might not __10__ so well but I think you are a(n) __11__ painter in the class，” she said __12__. “My mom always tells me if I do the best I can, I will be better，” she added.
The rest of the day I was lost in thought __13__ I had drawn a picture of a black horse __14__ to reach some grass on the other side of a fence. When the last bell rang, I went to her __15__ where she was talking with her __16__ and put the picture down. I could hear the girls talking about the __17__ as I walked away. That __18__ a lot to me because it reminded (提醒) me that I was __19__ something. At the same time, I also __20__ that I wasn't doing the best I could.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，考试没有通过，作者感到非常难过，在同学的安慰和启发下，作者认识到自己的问题，决心尽自己最大的努力把事情做好。
1．A.chose B．returned
C．gave D．made
答案与解析：C 根据上文“It was the last day of school，walked around the class”及下文内容可知，老师给了除了作者以外的每人一张纸。
2．A.grades B．wishes
C．promises D．schedules
答案与解析：A 根据上文“It was the last day of school”和下文“for the year”可知，这张纸上是每个学生的成绩。
3．A.liked B．took
C．failed D．organized
答案与解析：C 根据下文“because I couldn't read”可知，作者考试不及格。
4．A.certain B．afraid
C．free D．careful
答案与解析：B 根据上文“because I couldn't read”可知，作者害怕被叫到前面去在全班同学面前阅读。
5．A.warning B．door
C．bicycle D．lunch
答案与解析：D 根据下文“a lunch bag”可知，午餐的铃声响了。
6．A.crying B．laughing
C．shouting D．singing
答案与解析：A 根据上文“I sat on the grass with my head in my knees”及作者没有通过考试可知，作者突然伤心地大哭起来。
7．A.gave up B．set out
C．went on D．looked up
答案与解析：D 根据上文“I sat on the grass with my head in my knees”及下文的“I saw a girl”可知，作者抬起头看到一个女孩。
8．A.pushing B．moving
C．throwing D．holding
答案与解析：D 根据上文作者没有吃午餐就跑出教室及下文女孩对作者的鼓励可知，女孩拿出作者的午餐。
9．A.ever B．just
C．also D．still
答案与解析：B 根据上文“She set it down next to me then and didn't say a word”可知，女孩放下午餐，没有说任何话，只是和作者一直待到上课铃声响起。
10．A.run B．speak
C．read D．dance
答案与解析：C 根据上文“because I couldn't read”可知，作者阅读不好。
11．A.lucky B．excellent
C．quiet D．active
答案与解析：B 根据下文“I had drawn a picture of a black horse”可知，女孩认为作者是一位非常优秀的画家。
12．A.fluently B．nervously
C．sincerely D．quickly
答案与解析：C 根据下文女孩的话对作者的影响可知，女孩安慰作者时的态度是非常诚恳的。
13．A.but B．and
C．so D．or
答案与解析：A 根据语境可知，此处表转折，作者陷入深思，然而却画了一幅画。
14．A.refusing B．fearing
C．learning D．trying
答案与解析：D 上文中提到作者跑向栅栏，再结合女孩提到的她妈妈常对她说的话可知，画中的马竭尽全力到栅栏那边寻找绿草。
15．A.shop B．home
C．office D．desk
答案与解析：D 根据上文“When the last bell rang”可知，作者走到女孩的书桌旁。
16．A.teachers B．parents
C．friends D．students
答案与解析：C 根据下文“I could hear the girls talking about”可知，女孩在和好朋友们交谈。
17．A.homework B．picture
C．problem D．accident
答案与解析：B 根据上文的“put the picture down”可知，女孩们在谈论作者放下的那幅画。
18．A.showed B．meant
C．taught D．offered
答案与解析：B 根据下文可知，这幅画让作者感悟颇多，所以对作者来说意义深远。
19．A.good at B．mad at
C．ready for D．grateful for
答案与解析：A 根据上文女孩认为作者画画很棒及reminded可知，作者也有擅长的东西。
20．A.realized B．explained
C．agreed D．forgot
答案与解析：A 根据上文女孩妈妈告诉女孩的话和下文“I wasn't doing the best I could”可知，作者意识到自己还没有做到最好。
课时作业5 Unit 2 Section Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
What a day! I started at my new school this morning and had the best time. I made lots of new friends and really liked my teachers. I was nervous the night before, but I had no reason to be. Everyone was so friendly and polite. They made me feel at ease. It was like I'd been at the school for a hundred years!
The day started very early at 7：00 am. I had my breakfast downstairs with my mom. She could tell that I was very nervous. Mom kept asking me what was wrong. She told me I had nothing to worry about and that everyone was going to love me. If they didn't love me, Mom said to send them her way for a good talking to. I couldn't stop laughing.
My mom dropped me off at the school gates about five minutes before the bell. A little blonde (金发的) girl got dropped off at the same time and started waving (招手) at me. She ran over and told me her name was Abigail. She was very nice and we became close straight away. We spent all morning together and began to talk to another girl called Stacey. The three of us sat together in class all day and we even made our way home together! It went so quickly. Our teacher told us that tomorrow we would really start learning and developing new skills.
I cannot wait until tomorrow and feel as though I am really going to enjoy my time at my new school. I only hope that my new friends feel the same way too.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者在文中主要描述了自己新学期的第一天。
1．How did the author feel the night before her new school?
A．Tired. B．Excited.
C．Worried. D．Relaxed.
答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据首段中的“I was nervous the night before”可知，作者在开学前夕感到紧张不安。故选C项。
2．What did the author think of her mother's advice?
A．Clear. B．Funny.
C．Reasonable. D．Excellent.
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Mom said to send them her way for a good talking to. I couldn't stop laughing”可知，作者觉得妈妈说的话很好笑。故选B项。
3．What happened on the author's first day of school?
A．She met many nice people.
B．She had a hurried breakfast.
C．She learned some new skills.
D．She arrived at school very early.
答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据首段中的“I made lots of new friends and really liked my teachers”和“Everyone was so friendly and polite. They made me feel at ease”以及下文作者详细介绍自己遇到的朋友可知，作者在开学第一天遇到很多友好亲切的人。故选A项。
4．What can we infer about Abigail?
A．She disliked Stacey.
B．She was shy and quiet.
C．She got on well with the author.
D．She was an old friend of the author.
答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“She was very nice and we became close straight away. We spent all morning together”和“we even made our way home together”可知，Abigail和作者相处得非常好。故选C项。
B
Researchers in Australia, who studied 1,500 people and their lifestyles, have found that having good friends can help you live longer. An American study of 10,000 students, over a period of 35 years, also found that if you make more friends than the average (普通的) person at school, you'll receive a higher salary (工资) in later life. People need good social skills at work to manage people and work in a team successfully. These are the same skills we use to make friends at school.
On average, teenagers aged between 15 and 17 have 500 “friends” on their favourite social networking site. Adults (成年人) have 130. So if you believe this research, you might live for a long time and be very rich.
However, according to Professor Robin Dunbar from the University of Oxford, it probably won't make any difference. Dunbar studied the number of messages between users of a popular social networking website, each of whom had between 200 and 2,000 friends. He found that they always communicate with a maximum (最大量) of 150 people.
Among these 150, Dunbar believes that around five people are close friends. You've most likely known them for a long time; they are probably old friends and you share all your good and bad experiences with them. Then there are ten more friends. Although they're close to you, you may not keep in touch with them every week. Next there are 35 people who you might spend time with because of a shared interest. You aren't close. And finally, there's a large group of 100. You see or speak to these people at least once a year, but you don't know them well. Beyond (超过) this_number,_Dunbar says, it's impossible to make any relationship meaningful.
If you have a lot of online “friends”， try this experiment: First take away anyone you haven't been in touch with for a year. Then remove people you can't remember and, finally, take away friends who you wouldn't mind losing touch with. How many do you have left? How many of these people are actually good friends? According to the research, these are the only people that really matter.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，朋友的质量比数量更重要。
5．What are the studies mentioned in the first paragraph mainly about?
A．The number of friends you should have.
B．The advantages of having a lot of friends.
C．Some social skills you may need at work.
D．Some useful advice on how to make friends.
答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Researchers in Australia... found that having good friends can help you live longer”和“American study... found that if you make more friends... you'll receive a higher salary in later life”可知，交友可以对人的身心健康和财富产生正面的影响，故这两项研究是有关拥有好友的好处，选B项。
6．According to the American study, the most popular students at school ________.
A．are likely to spend more money
B．may not be as popular at work
C．seem to get better-paid jobs
D．will work harder in later years
答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“if you make more friends...you'll receive a higher salary in later life. People need good social skills at work... the same skills we use to make friends at school”可知，美国一项研究发现在校受欢迎的人具有较强的社交能力，他们在今后可能会获得高薪工作。故选C项。
7．What does the underlined part “this number” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A．10. B．35.
C．100. D．150.
答案与解析：D 篇章结构题。文章第三、四段是对Dunbar教授关于交友数量研究的介绍。根据第三段中的“they always communicate with a maximum of 150 people”和第四段中的“Among these 150”可知，Dunbar教授认为人们通常能与最多150个人进行交流，超过这个数，有些联系则无实际意义了。故选D项。
8．What does the text mainly want to show?
A．You need to spend more time with your friends.
B．There is a lot of research on the influence of friends.
C．Friends are sometimes more important than family.
D．It's more important to have good friends than lots of friends.
答案与解析：D 主旨大意题。根据最后一段作者的建议“try this experiment... these are the only people that really matter”可知，本文通过研究告诉读者，朋友的质量要比朋友的数量更重要。故选D项。
Ⅱ.七选五
Self-love is the key to a happy life. After we have learned how to love ourselves, we will be able to love others. __1__ You have to learn some steps to develop self-love.
Accept yourself the way you are. Every person has his or her own advantages and disadvantages. Our advantages make us proud but our disadvantages make us unhappy. This isn't the right attitude towards life. __2__ In fact, no one on this earth is perfect. The key is to achieve a better balance (平衡) and try to be as happy as possible.
Stop worrying. __3__ It won't help you get the solution (解决办法). In fact, it will make you very unhappy. So, don't let your worries influence you. This will help you face the difficulties of life more positively.
Enjoy life. Take part in activities that you love and develop a hobby. __4__ Take some time to enjoy them at least once a week. This way you are doing something that you are good at, which will make you feel good about yourself，and make you start loving life and everyone and everything in it.
__5__ If your body is weak and suffering from some health problems，you aren't going to like anything about it. So you must take good care of your health. It includes eating fresh healthy food, taking enough rest and doing exercise.
A．Live a healthy lifestyle.
B．Make efforts to improve yourself.
C．It will hold you back from loving yourself.
D．They can be anything that makes you happy.
E．Worrying about a problem won't let you think clearly.
F．However, learning to love yourself isn't going to be easy.
G．The correct thing to do is accept the fact that you aren't perfect.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何爱自己。
1．答案与解析：F 该空上一句提到爱自己对拥有快乐的人生很重要，但学会爱自己也是一件不容易的事，你需要掌握一些方法，故选F项。
2．答案与解析：G 该空前一句说这不是对待生活的正确态度，后一句说世界上没有一个人是完美的，所以G项“正确的做法是接受你并不完美这一事实”符合语境。
3．答案与解析：E 根据该段的主题句和该空后的“It won't help you get the solution”可知，担忧会让人的思维受阻。
4．答案与解析：D 该空前一句提到了参加自己喜欢的活动或培养一个爱好，该空在解释应该参加什么样的活动和培养什么样的爱好，再结合本段的主题句可知，只要是能让你开心的活动和爱好，什么都可以。
5．答案与解析：A 该空为该段的主题句，根据该段中出现的“take good care of your health”及“eating fresh healthy food, taking enough rest and doing exercise”可知，该段内容与拥有健康的生活方式有关，故选A项。
课时作业6 Unit 2 Section Ⅲ
Using language & Developing ideas
阅读理解
A
Like any new ninth-grader on the first day of school, Joemar Class had ninth-grader emotion (情绪). He's not used to school in Hartford. He's used to going to school in his hometown of Florida, used to seeing his friends, used to having class in Spanish.
“Nervioso，”he said in Spanish.
We first met Joemar in mid-October in the San Juan Airport. His father, Guillermo Class, had sold his car to buy plane tickets to get his kids and fly them up from Puerto Rico. The island was almost destroyed (毁坏) by the deadly storm — Hurricane Maria.
Now, they are settling into their new home in Hartford's South End. A week later, and, using his wife's car, Class drove 16-year-old Joemar to his first day at Bulkeley High School. After a short ride, he got out in front of his new school. Inside, he met Gretchen Levitz — the school's program director.
“I see you have a new uniform (校服)，” Levitz said. “You look great. Are you ready for a good first day？”
Then he met a couple of teachers.
“Hello，” they each said in Spanish. They asked where he's from, and told him they were happy to see him. Then, Levitz took him on a quick tour of the school before classes began — to her office, the school store, the library, and the dining hall.
A total of 19 languages are spoken in Bulkeley High School. “We have so many new students coming here from other countries every single day，” Levitz said. “So it's not like he's the only one who has that feeling.”
“You could tell he's a little worried，” Guillermo said as we left. “But, at the same time, he's looking forward to it.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。报道了一名十六岁的男孩转校上学第一天的经历。
1．What kind of feeling did Joemar have on his first day of school?
A．Angry. B．Excited.
C．Nervous. D．Relaxed.
答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“He's not used to school in Hartford”、第二段“‘Nervioso，’ he said in Spanish”以及最后一段中的“he's a little worried”可知，到新学校的第一天Joemar感到紧张不安。故选C项。
2．Why did Joemar leave Florida?
A．His old school closed down.
B．He wanted to see his mother.
C．He expected to have a new life.
D．His town was hit by a terrible storm.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“his hometown of Florida”和第三段中的“fly them up from Puerto Rico. The island was almost destroyed by the deadly storm”可知，Joemar的家乡遭遇了飓风的袭击。故选D项。
3．What did Joemar do before he walked into his new classroom?
A．He had a long talk with his father.
B．He learned some simple Spanish words.
C．He said hello to some of his classmates.
D．He had a short look around his new school.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“Levitz took him on a quick tour of the school before classes began”可知，Joemar走进教室之前在Levitz的指引下简单在学校转了转。故选D项。
4．What can we learn about Bulkeley High School?
A．It has no library.
B．It is an international school.
C．It plans to open Spanish classes.
D．It requires all students to wear uniforms.
答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“A total of 19 languages are spoken in Bulkeley High School ... have so many new students coming here from other countries”可知，该校是一所国际学校。故选B项。
B
I came to the United States ten years ago. I would always say that I was trying to study, but there were always things like work and my kids that would not allow me to start.
Now I realized that those were only excuses. What stopped me was that I was afraid to start studying again. I always believed I would learn by myself.
One day, however, my son told me that he was sad because his friends would come over and I didn't understand them because I didn't speak English. He was also sad because I could never help him with his homework. That same day, I told myself, “Rocio, you have to start believing in yourself and you will see you can make it.”
The next day, I went downtown to look for a big banner (横幅) in front of the school which said that they offered classes for adults. I came in to see if I could join, but the classes were closed already. That night I took the kids to the movies, and on the way back, I told them we would take a new route. I ended up getting lost. That's the way I found Chaffey College. The following Monday, I went to ask for information. They told me that summer school was starting that week.
That's how I started studying English last summer. It is difficult, but I have had great rewards. My daughter had written a story for school. It was about the female they most admired and why. She wrote that I was the person she most admired because I had started going to college. I will never forget this.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。十年前作者来到美国，由于工作和生活中的琐事一直不能学习。直到有一天儿子跟作者说他很伤心，因为作者英文差，听不懂他的朋友们所说的话，而且也不能帮助他做作业。从那时起，作者开始下决心学英文。
5．According to the passage, the author probably is a ________.
A．teacher B．doctor
C．father D．mother
答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“My daughter had written a story for school. It was about the female they most admired and why. She wrote that I was the person she most admired...”可知，作者是一位妈妈。选D项。
6．What made the author make up her mind to study English?
A．What her son said.
B．What her daughter said.
C．Thinking about herself.
D．Thinking about her daughter.
答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，作者的儿子告诉她因为她英文差所以不能理解他的朋友们所说的话，而且作者也不能帮助他做作业。从那时起，作者开始下决心学英文。选A项。
7．How did they find Chaffey College?
A．On the way to the movies.
B．They took a new route and got lost.
C．Ask a stranger for information.
D．According to the banner.
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“That night I took the kids to the movies, and on the way back, I told them we would take a new route. I ended up getting lost. That's the way I found Chaffey College. ”可知，作者他们找到查菲学院是因他们走了新路线而迷路所致。选B项。
8．Which of the following is NOT true?
A．The author came to the United States from another country.
B．The author had two children including one daughter.
C．What really changed the author's life was that she believed in herself.
D．The author wrote that she was the person her son most admired.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，是作者的女儿而不是儿子写了一篇作文，说作者是她最敬佩的人。选D项。
C
A recent study followed nearly 1,500 old people for 10 years. It found that those who had a large network of friends lived longer than those with fewer friends by more than 20%.This study isn't the only one that shows friendships can be good for our health.
Lots of research has shown social support and good health are connected. One recent study focuses on people with ovarian cancer. It says those with lots of social support had much lower levels of a protein connected to more dangerous cancers. This made their treatments (治疗) work better. In another study, women with breast cancer in a support group lived twice as long as those not in a support group. They also had much less pain.
Sheldon Cohen, a professor at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, says strong social support helps people deal with stress. “There may be more benefits as well，” Cohen says. “Friends encourage you to look after yourself better. And people with more friends have higher self-confidence, so they feel they have more control over their lives.”
Other studies show people with fewer friends are likely to die sooner after having a heart attack, compared with people having a strong social network. Having lots of friends may even lower your chance of catching a cold. “People with social support have fewer immune (免疫的) problems and lower levels of stress，” says Tasha Howe, who works at Humboldt State University. “We are social animals, and we were born to be in groups，” Howe says. “We have always needed others to survive better. It's in our genes.” People with a big social group are likely to be more at peace, which leads to better health, Howe says.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。多项研究表明，拥有朋友对我们的健康有益。
9．What does it mean when people have high levels of the protein mentioned in Paragraph 2?
A．They have a stronger social network.
B．The treatments for cancers work better.
C．They have low risk of developing cancer.
D．They have high risk of developing dangerous cancers.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段的“It says those with lots of social support had much lower levels of a protein connected to more dangerous cancers.”可知，这种蛋白质的水平高意味着引发更危险癌症的风险高。故选D项。
10．What does the underlined word “benefits” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Advantages. B．Stresses.
C．Methods. D．Concerns.
答案与解析：A 词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的“strong social support helps people deal with stress”以及后面的“Friends encourage you to look after yourself better...”可推断，这里是指拥有朋友还有其他一些好处。故选A项。
11．What can we infer from Tasha Howe's words?
A．Humans really need friends.
B．Humans should live peacefully.
C．Certain stress is good for our health.
D．There are many ways to have good health.
答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第四段Tasha Howe所说的话可知，人类天生就是社会性的动物，我们需要彼此才能更好地生活，所以我们真的需要朋友。故选A项。
