Section Ⅰ Listening and speaking & Listening and Talking
Step One: Speaking
1．What clubs have you ever joined?
Ballet_club;_Nature_Club;_Volunteer_Club;_Debate_Club
2．We have different hobbies in our daily life. What do you think students do in these clubs? Match the pictures with the names of the clubs.
Ballet club: 2
Nature Club: 4
Volunteer Club: 3
Debate Club: 1
Step Two: Listening
Ⅰ.Listen to the first two conversations and choose the correct answers.(课文P12)
1．What are they learning about in Conversation 1?
A．Hearing B．Sounds
C．Dogs
答案：A
2．The students are discussing ________ in Conversation 2.
A．schoolwork B．relationships
C．dating
答案：C
3．Circle the two clubs where these two conversation happened.
A．Science Club B．Ballet Club
C．Nature Club D．Debate Club
答案：AD
听力材料：
COVERSATION 1
T＝Teacher S＝Student
T：Shh! Listen carefully!
[3-second beep at about 40 kHz, i．e. ultrasonic, dog-whistle range.]
T：Did you hear that? No? How about this?
[3-second beep at 17.4 kHz.]
T：If you couldn't hear the first one, it means you're not a dog! [laugh]. Dogs can hear very high frequency sounds, but people can't. And if you could hear the second one, you're younger than 25.
S：Wow! Why is that?
T：Our ears change when we get older. Children and young people can hear the second one, but most people older than 25 can't.
COVERSATION 2
T＝Teacher A＝Team A B＝Team B
T：Today's topic is “Should teenagers date？” Team A, please begin.
A：We say no, they shouldn't. One reason is that teenagers are too young. They should think about schoolwork and spend more time studying.
B：We don't agree with Team A. Our answer is “Yes”. Teenagers can date if they want. It is quite natural for a teenager at that age to feel he or she likes somebody. We think it's possible for teenagers to date and study at the same time.
T：Team A? ...
Ⅱ.Listen to Conversation 3. Then help Adam choose a club.
1．Tick the activities that happen in each club.(课文P12)
Ballet Club Nature Club
①learn new movements ①listen to lectures
②watch dance programmes ②grow plants
③make ballet clothes ③work in a greenhouse
Cartoon Club Volunteer Club
①watch cartoons ①help old people
②write stories ②clean up the parks
③draw cartoons ③give directions
答案：Ballet Club: ① Nature Club: ②③ Cartoon Club: ②③
Volunteer Club: ②③
2．Adam says that he likes ________ but is not so interested in ________.
A．stories, cartoons B．animals, plants
C．making friends, cleaning up
答案：B
3．Which club do you think is suitable for Adam? Why?
I think Adam should join the ________ Club because he says that he ________.
答案：Volunteer; likes to do something outdoors
听力材料：
COVERSATION 3
J＝Julie A＝Adam
J：Hi, Adam! Are you going to join a club?
A：Hi, Julie! I'd like to, but I'm not sure which one.
J：I think I will join the Ballet Club. It's always been my dream to be a dancer, and ballet has such beautiful movements.
A：Oh, wow, dancing's not for me — I've got two left feet! Mr. Brown told me about the Nature Club. They watch biology lectures and grow plants in a greenhouse. I like animals, but I'm not so interested in plants.
J：Did you hear about the Cartoon Club?
A：Yes, I love cartoons! But what do they do in the club? Watch cartoons?
J：No, they write stories and draw cartoons.
A：Oh, no. I'm not good at drawing. Besides, I'd like to do something outdoors.
J：Max is in the Volunteer Club. He says that they mostly help clean up parks and give directions to visitors. Why not talk to him？...
Listening Tips
1．预测内容
Before you listen, you can read the questions and the choices. It will help you to predict what you will hear. For example, from Question 1's choices, we can find A and B are similar, which is important. During you listening, when you hear “Did you hear that？” “If you couldn't hear the first one…if you could hear the second one” “Our ear changes when...”， you may know the answer is A.
2．巧听爆破音
(1)爆破音＋爆破音：6个爆破音【t、d、k、g、p、b】中的任意2个相邻时，前一个爆破音会失去爆破，即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势，稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破音。例如：You've stoo(d) by me, girl.
(2)爆破音＋摩擦音：如果前面是爆破音，其后紧跟着某些摩擦音(如/f/，/s/，/w/等)，那么前面那个爆破音仅有十分轻微的爆破，而后面那个摩擦音则要完全爆破。例如：You're the bes(t) friend.
[即学即练] 听下面3段对话回答问题，并辨别对话中的爆破音。
1．What are the speakers talking about?
A．Going out. B．Ordering drinks.
C．Preparing for a party.
答案：C
2．Where are the speakers?
A．In a classroom. B．In a library.
C．In a bookstore.
答案：B
3．What is the man going to do?
A．Go on the Internet. B．Make a phone call.
C．Take a train trip.
答案：A
听力材料：
Text 1
M：Let's see what drinks you've got for the party tonight.
W：Everything! Beer, wine, soft drinks like Coke, 7-Up... you name it, I've got it! Have you ordered the cake?
M：Of course.
Text 2
M：I don't have a library card. Do I need one?
W：You have to have one only to take books out. You're okay if you just sit in one of the rooms reading.
M：Well then, I'll just read here. Thank you.
Text 3
W：I wish I knew the times of the trains to London. But our phone's out of order.
M：Don't worry, Grandma. I'll find out for you on the Internet.
W：Thank you!
Step Three: Discussing
Ⅰ.根据录音在空格处填入合适的内容
Tom：Hello, Mary! I wonder if you can 1.spare me a few minutes to have a talk with me?
Mary：Sure, what's up?
Tom：I don't know whether I should 2._join_the_reading_club or football club.
Mary：Oh, joining the club is good for us. But the decision is difficult for you to make. But do you like reading books 3._better_ than playing football with your friends?
Tom：As a matter of fact, I like playing football better, but my parents wish me to join the reading club and I don't want to 4.make_them_worried.
Mary：Hmm... If I were you, I think you should choose what you like best. Your parents will 5.understand_ you and respect your choice if you 6.have_a_face_to_face_talk with them.
话题积累：what's up 怎么啦？
Ⅱ.根据上述内容及下列提示，代表读书俱乐部负责人向同学发起加入俱乐部的倡议。
Work in group and discuss the following questions：
1．What's your purpose to join the club?
2．Who will take part in the club?
3．What will they do?
4．What will they learn?
Present your ideas for a book club to the class.
EXAMPLE
Volunteer Club
Do you want to help people in trouble? Then come to our Volunteer Club. We welcome anyone who loves volunteers to give others a hand. When you come, you can ________. If you ________， you can ________. Finally, you also can ________. What we offer you is what you are eager for. Please come to our Volunteer Club.
课时作业 4
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
A year back I received a full scholarship (奖学金) to attend the University of San Francisco. All of my hard work paid off. My mom had spent a lot on my attending a private high school, so I made sure to push myself: I volunteered, took part in various clubs, and graduated with honors. I was so excited to start a new part of my life.
Soon enough, the big day came, but it wasn't like what I had thought. The first two weeks were the most difficult days of my entire life. Every night I would cry myself to sleep. I was missing my family, my home and everything in my hometown so much and I didn't know how to deal with my broken heart.
To_distract_myself,_I threw myself into my studies. I also found a ton of jobs. In any free time, I started forcing myself to go to the gym. I wanted to keep every part of my day busy so I wouldn't think about how lonely I felt. Soon after, I began to control my eating, considering it another solution to my homesickness(想家). But soon there was something wrong with me.
Finally, I went to see a doctor. When the doctor told me I had no choice but to take time away from school, I started to fear. How could I stop? School was what I was best at. “I'm not so bad，” I thought in my head. But the result was that I was taken to hospital again a month later and my mother came heartbrokenly. I had to take a semester off from school, and go to the treatment center near my home.
If there are girls who are suffering similarly, I hope you know that there is hope and that you should have a positive attitude towards life. Though you may feel alone, there are so many people who can understand your struggle. That's why I want to share my story.
【语篇解读】 导语：本文是一篇记叙文。作者进入大学后非常想家，努力克服但效果甚微，最后导致身体不好不得不退学休养。
1．What can we know about the author in high school?
A．She studied very hard.
B．She disliked volunteering.
C．Her parents controlled much of her life.
D．Her family made her feel under pressure.
答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第一段的“A year back I received a full scholarship to attend the University of San Francisco. All of my hard work paid off.”可知，作者在高中时期学习很努力。
2．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?
A．To prove my ability.
B．To improve my studies.
C．To earn money by myself.
D．To draw my attention away from homesickness.
答案与解析：D 句意理解题。根据画线部分后的“I threw myself into my studies. I also found a ton of jobs...”可知，作者投入学习，并且找了很多工作，空闲时间还去健身，这些都是为了使自己忙起来，从而转移自己想家的注意力。
3．What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?
A．To look back on her past life.
B．To increase her own confidence.
C．To express appreciation to her mother.
D．To encourage other girls like her to be positive.
答案与解析：D 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段内容尤其是“If there are girls who are suffering similarly, I hope you know that there is hope and that you should have a positive attitude towards life.”可知，作者写这篇文章主要是为了鼓励跟她有着相似经历的女孩子积极面对生活。
B
“I feel unlikable, lonely and hopeless，” said Lisa, a bright teenager from a loving home. “It seems that nobody wants to become my friend. What's wrong with me？”
Like Lisa, many of us experience loneliness. The truth is that all people, no matter what their age or character — even the most outgoing, wealthy and popular — experience loneliness at least sometimes. It's healthy and natural to want to be around people who care. After all, we've all heard “No man is an island.” That's true. We all need others in our lives.
Solomon, the wisest man who ever lived, explains that if we want friends, we must be friendly and reach out to others. But it has risk. Because we are often afraid of rejection (拒绝), many of us are unwilling to reach out to others. We take a safer way and wait for others to make friends with us. But if we want friends, we've got to get beyond this.
If making friends is your goal as well, you need to consider taking some measures (措施)．
Be willing to take the initiative (主动权). If you see someone whom you would like to know, don't wait for her to make the first move. Get close to her and begin a conversation. Let her know in a non-aggressive (无攻击性的) way that you are interested in being friends with her.
Reach out to those who are lonely. When you see someone at school sitting alone, go over and talk to her. And don't let popularity decide whom you reach out to. You'll often be surprised at the beautiful qualities behind a shy appearance.
Ask questions. Start your first conversation by asking this possible friend what she likes to do or asking about her family. Be sure to ask questions that cannot be replied with “yes” or “no”. For example, don't ask “Do you have a dog？” Instead, say “So, tell me about your pets.” Avoiding asking “yes” or “no” questions makes your possible friend not end your communication with a one-word answer.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了朋友的重要性以及如何结交朋友。
4．Why does the author begin the text with Lisa's worry?
A．To set a sad tone.
B．To share Lisa's pain.
C．To introduce the topic.
D．To teach readers a lesson.
答案与解析：C 写作意图题。根据文章内容可知，作者用Lisa缺少朋友的忧虑开篇是为了引出本文的话题：友谊。
5．What can be a risk caused by reaching out to others according to the passage?
A．Being refused by others.
B．Putting ourselves in danger.
C．Being treated in a rude way.
D．Losing interest in communicating.
答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Because we are often afraid of rejection, many of us are unwilling to reach out to others.”可知，主动出击的风险是可能被他人拒绝。
6．What can we know from Paragraph 5?
A．Shy people are hard to talk to.
B．Popular people are often easy-going.
C．Just waiting for chances will waste our time.
D．A proper manner is important in making friends.
答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第五段的“Let her know in a non-aggressive manner that you are interested in being friends with her.”可知，交朋友时方式方法很重要。
7．Why does the author suggest not asking “yes” or “no” questions?
A．It is considered unfriendly.
B．It will leave a bad first impression.
C．It shows the poor quality of the speaker.
D．It isn't good for keeping a conversation going.
答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Avoiding asking ‘yes’ or ‘no’ questions makes your possible friend not end your communication with a one-word answer.”可知，问对方能用yes或no回答的问题不利于展开对话。
Ⅱ.完形填空
It was the last day of school. The teacher walked around the class and __1__ each student a piece of paper except me. It was everybody's __2__ for the year. I knew that I __3__ the class because I couldn't read. I was __4__ of being asked to come up in front of the class and read.
Suddenly the __5__ bell rang. My seat was next to the door so I just ran out of class across the playground until the fence (栅栏) of our school. I sat on the grass with my head in my knees and burst out __6__. A couple of minutes later I heard the crinkle (沙沙声) of a lunch bag and then __7__. I saw a girl in my class __8__ out my lunch. She set it down next to me then and didn't say a word. She __9__ sat with me till the bell rang. On the way back she put her arm around me. “You might not __10__ so well but I think you are a(n) __11__ painter in the class，” she said __12__. “My mom always tells me if I do the best I can, I will be better，” she added.
The rest of the day I was lost in thought __13__ I had drawn a picture of a black horse __14__ to reach some grass on the other side of a fence. When the last bell rang, I went to her __15__ where she was talking with her __16__ and put the picture down. I could hear the girls talking about the __17__ as I walked away. That __18__ a lot to me because it reminded (提醒) me that I was __19__ something. At the same time, I also __20__ that I wasn't doing the best I could.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文，主题语境是学习。考试没有通过，作者感到非常难过，在同学的安慰和启发下，作者认识到自己的问题，决心尽自己最大的努力把事情做好。
1．A.chose B．returned
C．gave D．made
答案与解析：C 根据上文“It was the last day of school，walked around the class”及下文内容可知，老师给了除了作者以外的每人一张纸。
2．A.grades B．wishes
C．promises D．schedules
答案与解析：A 根据上文“It was the last day of school”和下文“for the year”可知，这张纸上是每个学生的成绩。
3．A.liked B．took
C．failed D．organized
答案与解析：C 由下文“because I couldn't read”可知，作者考试不及格。
4．A.certain B．afraid
C．free D．careful
答案与解析：B 由上文“because I couldn't read”可知，作者害怕被叫到前面去在全班同学面前阅读。
5．A.warning B．door
C．bicycle D．lunch
答案与解析：D 由下文“a lunch bag”可知，午餐的铃声响了。
6．A.crying B．laughing
C．shouting D．singing
答案与解析：A 根据上文“I sat on the grass with my head in my knees”及作者没有通过考试可知，作者突然伤心地大哭起来。
7．A.gave up B．set out
C．went on D．looked up
答案与解析：D 由上文“I sat on the grass with my head in my knees”及下文的“I saw a girl”可知，作者抬起头看到一个女孩。
8．A.pushing B．moving
C．throwing D．holding
答案与解析：D 由上文作者没有吃午餐就跑出教室及下文女孩对作者的鼓励可知，女孩拿出作者的午餐。
9．A.ever B．just
C．also D．still
答案与解析：B 根据上文“She set it down next to me then and didn't say a word”可知，女孩放下午餐，没有说任何话，只是和作者一直待到上课铃声响起。
10．A.run B．speak
C．read D．dance
答案与解析：C 由上文“because I couldn't read”可知，作者阅读不好。
11．A.lucky B．excellent
C．quiet D．active
答案与解析：B 根据下文“I had drawn a picture of a black horse”可知，女孩认为作者是一位非常优秀的画家。
12．A.fluently B．nervously
C．sincerely D．quickly
答案与解析：C 由下文女孩的话对作者的影响可知，女孩安慰作者时的态度是非常诚恳的。
13．A.but B．and
C．so D．or
答案与解析：A 根据语境可知，此处表转折，作者陷入深思，然而却画了一幅画。
14．A.refusing B．fearing
C．learning D．trying
答案与解析：D 上文中提到作者跑向栅栏，再结合女孩提到的她妈妈常对她说的话可知，画中的马竭尽全力到栅栏那边寻找绿草。
15．A.shop B．home
C．office D．desk
答案与解析：D 由上文“When the last bell rang”可知，作者走到女孩的座位旁。
16．A.teachers B．parents
C．friends D．students
答案与解析：C 由下文“I could hear the girls talking about”可知，女孩在和好朋友们交谈。
17．A.homework B．picture
C．problem D．accident
答案与解析：B 根据上文的“put the picture down”可知，女孩们在谈论作者放下的那幅画。
18．A.showed B．meant
C．taught D．offered
答案与解析：B 由下文可知，这幅画让作者感悟颇多，所以对作者来说意义深远。
19．A.good at B．mad at
C．ready for D．grateful for
答案与解析：A 根据上文女孩认为作者画画很棒及reminded可知，作者也有擅长的东西。
20．A.realized B．explained
C．agreed D．forgot
答案与解析：A 根据上文女孩妈妈告诉女孩的话和下文“I wasn't doing the best I could”可知，作者意识到自己还没有做到最好。
课件25张PPT。Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
Ⅰ.核心单词
根据音标及词义写出正确的单词
1．debate/dI'beIt/n.辩论；争论 vt.&vi.辩论；争论
2．content/'k?ntent/n.内容；[pl.]目录；(书、讲话、节目等的)主题
3．title/'taItl/n.(书、诗歌等的)名称；标题；职称；头衔
4．topic/'t?pIk/n.话题；标题
5．freshman/'fre?m?n/n.(中学)九年级学生；(大学)一年级新生
6．literature/'lItr?t??(r)/n.文学；文学作品
7．extra_/'ekstr?/adj.额外的；附加的
8．quit/kwIt/vi.&vt.(quit，quit)停止；戒掉；离开(工作职位、学校等)
9．schedule/'?edju?l; NAmE 'sked?u?l/n.工作计划；日程安排 vt.安排；预定
10．editor/'edIt?(r)/n.主编；编辑；编者
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据音标及词义写出正确的单词，并牢记拓展词汇
1．teenage_/'ti?neId?/adj.十几岁的(指13至19岁)；青少年的→teenager n．(13至19岁之间的)青少年
2．volunteer/?v?l?n'tI?(r)/n.志愿者→voluntary adj.志愿的；自愿的
3．prefer_/prI'f??(r)/vt.较喜欢→preference n．喜爱；偏爱
4．movement/'mu?vm?nt/n.运作；运动；活动→move vi.移动；搬家；迁移；离开 vt.移动；感动
5．suitable/'su?t?bl/adj.合适的；适用的→suit vt.适合；使适宜
6._actually_/'?kt???li/adv.事实上；的确→actual adj.真实的；实际的
7．challenge/'t??lInd?/n.挑战；艰巨任务 vt.怀疑；向……挑战→challenging adj.具有挑战性的
8．confuse/k?n'fju?z/vt.使糊涂；使迷惑→confusing (adj.)令人迷惑的→confused (adj.)感到迷惑的→confusion (n.)迷惑
9．graduate/'ɡr?d?ueIt/vi.&vt.毕业；获得学位→graduation (n.) 毕业；毕业典礼
10. recommend/?rek?'mend/vt.建议；推荐；介绍→recommendation (n.)建议，推荐
11．advance/ad'va?ns/n.前进；发展 vi.前进；发展 vt.发展；促进→advanced adj.高级的；先进的
12．obviously/'?bvi?sli/adv.显然；明显地→obvious adj. 显而易见的
13．improve_/Im'pru?v/vi.&vt.改进；改善→improvement n．改进；改善
14．responsible/rI'sp?ns?bl/adj.负责的；有责任的→responsibility n．责任；义务
15．solution/s?'lu??n/n.解决办法；答案→solve vt.解决
Ⅲ.重点短语
根据汉语意思补全短语
1．prefer... to... 喜欢……多于……
2．clean up 打扫(或清除)干净
3．suitable for 对……合适的
4．sign up (for sth.) 报名(参加课程)
5．be responsible for 对……负责
6．join a club 参加俱乐部
7．be good at 擅长
8．hand out 分发
9．keep_up with 跟上，赶上
10．be well_prepared_for 做好准备
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．v.-ing作主语；whatever 引导宾语从句
Studying_hard isn't always fun, but I'll be well prepared for university or whatever else comes in the future.
努力学习并不总是有趣的，但我会为大学或未来的任何事情做好准备。
2．it is＋adj.＋to do sth. it作形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式
I'm a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in my advanced course, and it'll be quite difficult to_get_used_to_all_the_homework.
我有点担心在高级课程上我跟不上其他学生，而且很难适应所有的家庭作业。
?第一步|速读——了解教材课文(P14)主题和段落大意
1．匹配每部分的大意
Part Ⅰ. A．Joining extra-curricular activities is necessary
Part Ⅱ. B．Senior high school is a challenge
Part Ⅲ. C．Choosing suitable courses should be careful
Part Ⅳ. D．Studying harder and being responsible are needed
答案：Part Ⅰ—B Part Ⅱ—C Part Ⅲ—A Part Ⅳ—D
2．What does the passage tells us?
The passage mainly tells us about the_freshman_challenge.
?第二步|细读——把握教材课文(P14)关键信息
1．Adam felt ________ at the beginning of his senior high school.
A．excited B．interested
C．confused D．worried
答案：C
2．Who gave Adam advice on courses?
A．Parents B．Adviser
C．Coach D．Classmates
答案：B
3．What subject is Adam's favorite?
A．Chinese B．World history
C．Math D．English
答案：D
4．Hearing he was poor in playing football well, Adam ________.
A．felt disappointed but went on with it
B．left the football and joined a club
C．didn't give up and tried to improve
D．felt unhappy but signed up for a new team
答案：C
5．What kind of person is Adam?
A．brave and well-prepared B．negative and silly
C．active and shy D．gentle and patient
答案：A
?第一板块|核心词汇诠释
1．volunteer n．志愿者；志愿兵；vt.&vi.自愿
(经典佳句)He is now interviewing Li Yan, a volunteer for Beijing winter Olympic Games.
现在他正在采访一位北京冬季奥林匹克运动会的志愿者李燕。
(1)volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事
volunteer for sth. 自愿做某事
volunteer as sth. 自愿担任
(2) voluntary adj. 自愿的
①The girl took the place of her brother as a volunteer to take part in the activity.
女孩代替哥哥成为志愿者参加了这项活动。
②The couple often volunteer to take part in activities helping those in trouble.
这对夫妇经常自愿参加帮助有困难的人的活动。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)We need some volunteers (volunteer) to look after the old in the nursing home.
(2)As is shown in the picture, one person is asking the other to do some voluntary_ (volunteer) work.
(3)The businessman volunteered to_set_ (set) up a school for poor people.,
名师指津：既可用作名词也可用作动词的词汇荟萃：
volunteer n．志愿者；志愿兵→ vt.&vi.自愿
graduate n．毕业生； →vi.&vt.毕业；获得学位
nurse n．护士→v.护理
head n．头→v.朝……去
hand n．手→v.交出；传递
face n．脸→v.面对
2.debate n．争论；辩论 vi.争论；辩论
(教材P12)Debate Club 辩论俱乐部
(1)have a heated debate 进行激烈的辩论
under debate 在讨论中；在辩论中
beyond/without debate 无可争议
(2)debate with sb. about/on... 就……与某人辩论
①Read the following tips for organizing an informal class debate.
阅读下面关于组织一场非正式的班级辩论赛的建议。
②We debated on the question till late into the night.
我们就这个问题辩论到深夜。
③They debated with each other on the environmental protection.
他们就环境保护展开了辩论。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)The students had a heated debate on whether the cultural relic was worth rebuilding.
(2)As far as I know, the plan is under debate and hasn't been passed yet.
名师指津：
discuss vt. 讨论
discussion n．讨论
debate n．&vi.争论
The discussion turned into a heated debate.
这场讨论变成了激烈的争论。
3.prefer vt.(preferred; preferred; preferring)更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)
(教材P12)I prefer helping others. 我喜欢帮助别人。
(1)prefer (sb.) to do sth. 宁愿/更喜欢(某人)做某事
prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth. 与……相比更喜欢……
prefer to do... rather than do... 宁愿做……而不愿做……
prefer that sb.(should) do sth. 宁愿……
(2)preference n. 偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物
①I prefer you to come tomorrow, because I'm too busy now.
我希望你明天来，因为我现在太忙了。
②He prefers to die rather than give in to the enemy.
他宁死也不屈服于敌人。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)Nowadays many children prefer surfing the Internet at home to taking (take) exercise outdoors.
(2)Rather than drive all the way every day, he prefers to_cycle (cycle) to his office.
(3)We preferred that they (should)_communicate (communicate) with each other face to face.
(4)A teacher should not show preference (prefer) for any one of his pupils.
名师指津：
(1)prefer意为“更喜欢；较喜欢”，相当于like better/more，所以prefer不与比较级连用。
(2)牢记过去式、过去分词、动词-ing形式的变化哟！
preferred; preferred; preferring
[即学即练] 一句多译
我宁愿干活也不愿坐在那里无所事事。(prefer)
(1)I prefer to work rather than sit there doing nothing.
(2)I prefer_working_to_sitting there doing nothing.
4.content adj.满足的；满意的 n．满足；内容；目录 vt.使满足
(经典佳句) You'd better look at the contents page of a book before buying it.
买书之前你最好先看看目录页。
(1)feel/be content with... 对……满足/满意
be content to do sth. 满足于做某事
(2)content oneself with 满足于
①We must not be content with such a small success.
我们不应该满足于这样的小成就。
②My parents are content to live in the country, where the air is fresh and clean.
我父母乐意在农村生活，那里空气新鲜，环境干净。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)The old man contented himself (he) with a single glass of beer.
(2)She dropped her purse and the contents (content) fell out on the floor.
名师指津：
(1)content作“所含之物”解时，通常用其复数形式。
(2)“对……满意”不一样的表达
be content with...对……满足/满意
be satisfied with对……满足/满意
be happy with对……满足/满意
5．suitable adj.合适的；适用的
(教材P12)Which club do you think is suitable for Adam?
你认为哪个俱乐部适合亚当？
(1)be suitable for sb./sth. 适合于某人/某物
be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事
(2) suit vt. 适合；使适宜
①Once they find people in need, they decide on suitable ways to help them.
他们一旦发现有人需要帮助，就选定适当的方式来帮助他们。
②If not, let me know what time suits you best.
如果不方便，请告诉我什么时间最适合你。
[即学即练] 一句多译
首先，因为我英语口语流利，所以我认为我适合这项工作。
(1)Firstly, because my spoken English is fluent, I think I am_suitable_for_this_job.
(2)Firstly, because my spoken English is fluent, I think I am_fit_for_this_job.
名师指津：
(1)词尾加able变形容词小结：
suit →suitable adj.合适的；适用的
comfort → comfortable adj.舒适的
accept →acceptable adj.可接受的
(2)“适合某人”荟萃：
be suitable for sb.
be fit for sb.
suit sb.
6．actually adv.事实上；的确
(教材P13)Actually, I like acting better, but my friends go to the Ballet Club and I want to be with them.
事实上，我更喜欢表演，但是我的朋友去芭蕾俱乐部，我想和他们在一起。
事实上，实际上
①He looked calm, but actually he was very nervous.
他看起来很镇定，但实际上却非常紧张。
②As a matter of fact, I have known the truth.
事实上，我已经知道了事实真相。
[即学即练] 一句多译
事实上，当不同文化互相交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所变化、有所发展。
(1)Actually,_all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.
(2)As_a_matter_of_fact,_all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.
(3)In_fact,_all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.
名师指津：
牢记“as a matter of fact”词汇比“in fact, actually”高频哟！
7.challenge n．挑战；艰巨任务 vt.怀疑；向……挑战
(教材P14)Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge.
从初中到高中真的是一个很大的挑战。
face a challenge 面对挑战
challenge sb. 向某人挑战
challenging adj. 有挑战性的
①This is a time when we Chinese have both a great many challenges and chances.
这是一个我们中国人既有许多挑战又有机遇的时期。
②I kept practising until I became confident enough to challenge the good players.
我坚持练习，直到我有足够的信心去挑战优秀的选手。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/补全句子
(1)It was surprising that she should accept such a challenging (challenge) job.
(2)No matter what difficulties he meets, he will accept_any_challenge_ (接受任何挑战)．
名师指津：不一样的“挑战”
I was bored with my job and felt I needed a new challenge. Last week I got a new job in a big firm, and I found it very challenging.
8.confusing adj.难以理解的；不清楚的
(教材P14)The first week was a little confusing.
第一周有点令人困惑。
(1)confuse vt. 使迷惑；使为难
(2)confused adj. (人)不知所措的；困惑的
be confused about... 对……感到困惑
①The old man is always confusing the boy with his younger brother.
老人总是把男孩和他的弟弟混淆。
②I would often get confused when I came across new words.
当遇到生词时，我常常感到困惑。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)The confusing words made me confused.(confuse)
(2)I always confuse John with his brother；they are so much alike.
名师指津：一句辨“困惑”
He was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused other people for a long time.
这个让人困惑的问题也困扰了他很长一段时间。
9.graduate vi.&vt.毕业；获得学位 n．毕业生
(教材P14)I know that Chinese is a very difficult language, but I hope to be fluent when I graduate.
我知道中文是一门很难的语言，但我希望毕业时能说一口流利的中文。
(1)graduate from 从……毕业
graduate in 毕业于(……专业)
(2)graduation n. 毕业
①Students are requested to go to work in poor mountain areas after graduating from university.
学生被要求在大学毕业后到贫困山区工作。
②As a new graduate, he is willing to start a business here.
作为一名刚毕业的大学生，他乐意在这里创业。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)College students hold a graduation (graduate) ceremony to encourage themselves before they set off on their life journey.
(2)My daughter will graduate from college next week and she is now busy finding a job.
(3)After his graduation_ (graduate)from college, Mr. Li has been teaching in our school.
名师指津：(1)graduate 是瞬间动词，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。
(2)动词去掉e或直接加“ation”变名词荟萃：
graduate →graduation n．毕业
invite→ invitation n．邀请
expect →expectation n．期待；期望
10．recommend vt.建议；推荐；介绍
(教材P14)My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I'm good at it.
我的导师建议我报读高级文学，因为我喜欢英语，而且我擅长英语。
(1)recommend doing sth. 建议做某事
recommend sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
recommend that sb.(should) do sth. 建议某人做某事(从句用虚拟语气)
(2)recommend sb. sth. 向某人推荐某物
recommend sth. to sb. 把某物推荐给某人
recommend sb. as... 推荐某人为……
①I recommend you to think very carefully before you do something.
我劝你在没有做事之前先仔细考虑一下。
②I hope our teachers can recommend more interesting books to us and give us more free time to read them.
我希望老师能给我们推荐一些更有趣的书和杂志，给我们更多的自由时间进行阅读。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)I recommend_reading (read) more books in our spare time, which is good for us.
(2)We recommended that measures (should)_be_taken (take) to control the house prices.
名师指津：“建议”荟萃：
(1)advise doing sth.
suggest doing sth.
recommend doing sth.
(2)recommend/advise/suggest that sb.(should) do sth.
建议某人做某事(从句用虚拟语气)
11.advance n．前进；发展 vi.前进；发展 vt.发展；促进
(经典佳句)This research has done much to advance our understanding of language learning.
这项研究对提高我们对语言的理解有很大的帮助。
(1)advance on/upon/towards 朝……前进
(2)in advance 预先；提前(指事先)
in advance of 在……前面；超过
(3)advanced adj. 高级的；先进的
①To catch the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.
为了赶上早班飞机，我们提前订了出租车，而且起床很早。
②We are working hard to advance the cause of world peace.
我们努力工作促进世界和平事业的发展。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)With the help of the advanced (advance) technology, we can finish the work in advance.
(2)He worked so well that he was_advanced (advance) to the position of manager.
巧学助记：
The advanced worker kept on studying advanced technology and made great advances.
这位先进工作者一直在学习先进技术，成绩斐然。
12.quit vt.停止(做某事)；离开
(教材P14)Obviously, I was unhappy, but I won't quit.
很明显，我不高兴，但我不会就此停止。
quit school/one's job/office 退学/离职/辞职
quit a place 离开某地
quit doing sth.(＝stop doing sth.) 停止干某事
①I knew it was time to quit smoking.
我知道该戒烟的时候到了。
②Last century, a lot of people quit their jobs to run business.
上个世纪，许多人辞职下海经商。
[即学即练] 补全句子
(1)Cathy had_to_quit_her_job (必须辞职) when her son was born so that she could stay home and raise her family.
(2)You_must_quit_smoking (你必须戒烟). Most important of all, you should start taking exercise.
名师指津：quit 过去时、过去分词、现在分词：quit/quitted/quitting
13.responsible adj.负责的；有责任的
(教材P14)I know I'll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being responsible for a lot more.
我知道作为一名高中生，我必须更加努力学习，并逐渐适应承担更多的责任。
(1)be responsible for 对……负责
(2)responsibility n. 责任；义务
(3)take responsibility for 对……负责
①Not only you but also he is responsible for the terrible accident.
不仅你而且他也要为这项可怕的事故负责任。
②It is our responsibility to take care of our sick mother by turns.
照顾生病的母亲是我们的责任。
[即学即练] 一句多译
作为一个成年人，你需要对你的行为负责。
(1)As an adult, you need to be_responsible_for what you have done.(responsible)
(2)As an adult, you need to take_responsibility_for your actions.(responsibility)
巧学助记：
We'll be responsible for your safety and you need to take responsibility for your actions.
我们将对你的安全负责，你需要对你的行为负责。
14.solution n．解决办法；答案
(经典佳句) It may take a long time to find a solution to the problem.
找到解决这个问题的办法可能要花很长时间。
(1)a/the solution to sth. ……的解决方法
(2)solve vt. 解决；解答
solve a problem 解决一个问题
①Then I give him my opinion about a solution.然后我给他意见，告诉他我的一个解决方案。
②After we solved the problem, we were very glad to go home.
我们解决了这个问题后，很高兴地回家了。
[即学即练] 单句写作
为了解决这个问题，我想给学校写点建议。
In_order_to_solve_the_problem,_I'd like to write some suggestions to our school.
名师指津：名词后跟“to”的搭配：
the solution to sth. ...
……的解决方法
the key to... ……的关键
the entrance to... ……的出口
15.schedule n．工作计划；日程安排 vt.安排；预定
(教材P15)So I need to make a workable schedule.
因此，我需要制订一个切实可行的日程安排。
(1)ahead of schedule 提前
on schedule 按时间表
(2)be scheduled for 预定在
be scheduled to do sth. 预计做某事
①You'd better finish the project on schedule.你最好按预定时间完成这项工程。
②Thanks to your timely help, I could finish my work ahead of schedule.
多亏了你及时的帮助，我能提前完成工作。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)The film star is scheduled to_arrive (arrive) in Shanghai at ten o'clock.
(2)He was scheduled for the party with the help of his English teacher.
(3)The operation on the old man will be carried out on_schedule.
三维思考：思考并写出on schedule的同义词on time
?第二板块|重点句型解构
1．句型公式：动词-ing作主语
(教材P14)Studying hard isn't always fun, but I'll be well prepared for university or whatever else comes in the future.
勤奋学习并非时时充满乐趣，但我会为大学或未来将要发生的任何事情做好准备的。
动词-ing在句中作主语多指抽象的、概念性的动作，可以是多次的、经常性的行为。
①As the old saying goes, seeing is believing.俗话说，眼见为实。
②Reading outside school is necessary and important in learning English.
课外阅读对于英语学习既必要又重要。
[即学即练] 单句写作
(1)Going_to_bed_early_and_getting_up_early is a good habit.
早睡早起是一个好习惯。
(2)Reading_classic_works is necessary and important in learning English.
阅读经典著作对学习英语是必要且重要的。,
名师指津：牢记动词-ing在句中作主语，谓语动词用单数哟！
2.句型公式：it is＋adj./n.＋to do sth.
(教材P14)I'm a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in my advanced course, and it'll be quite difficult to get used to all the homework.
我有点担心跟不上高级课程班其他同学的进度，并且适应所有的家庭作业也有难度。
在句式“It＋be＋形容词＋?for sb.?＋动词不定式”中，常用的形容词有：easy， difficult， hard， important， possible， wise。
①It's necessary for the young to master two foreign languages.
对年轻人来说精通两门外语是有必要的。
②It is a good idea to have a face-to-face talk with your parents in your spare time.
在你的业余时间和你的父母面对面交谈是一个好主意。
[即学即练] 单句写作
(1)It_is_impolite_to_speak aloud in public.
在公共场所大声说话是不礼貌的。
(2)In my opinion, it_is_easy_to_learn_English if you study hard.
在我看来，如果你努力学习，学好英语是很容易的。
名师指津：当心句式“It＋be＋形容词＋of sb.＋动词不定式”，常用的形容词有：kind, nice, stupid, clever, foolish, polite, rude等。这类形容词常是表示心理品质、性格特征的形容词。
It's very kind of you to help me with the homework.
非常感谢你帮我做家庭作业。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Usually, each book has its contents (目录) in the front of it.
2．Her fluent (流畅的) ballet movements surprised all the students present at the party.
3．Reading literature (文学作品) is considered to be important for the students.
4．Obviously (明显地) he is interested in music as well as (in) painting.
5．To our surprise, the little boy is free from any sense of responsibility (责任)．
6．My classmates and I usually work as volunteers in the library at weekends.
7．He seems to be doing nothing, but actually he is just waiting for the chance.
8．She is working hard every day in order to improve her English.
9．The manager asked the workers to work extra hours to finish the work ahead of time.
10．Nowadays, most teenagers in China spend most of their time on their studies.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．If you ask me, I think you should choose what you like.
2．I speak loudly so that all my classmates can hear me clearly.
3．At last, he quit teaching (teach) and worked as an official.
4．It's a good idea to make preparations for it in advance.
5．I don't think you need to be worried about the problem you're facing.
6．My brother signed up for the army last year.
7．I tried to make it clear to him that I'm not responsible for that mistake.
8．He recommended that I should_buy (buy) that dictionary.
9．This kind of cloth I bought last week washes well, and I think it's especially_suitable (suit) for children.
10．Having shown you around our school, we will introduce our most advanced (advance) science lab to you.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．The little boy saved every coin so_that_he_could_buy_his_mother_a_gift on Mother's day.
小男孩省下每一分钱，为的是在母亲节的时候为他的妈妈买件礼物。
2．It's_necessary_to_read_some_English every day.
每天读些英语是有必要的。
3．I'd appreciate it if you let me know whether_you_are_free_in_advance.
如果你提前告知我你是否有空我将感激不尽。
4．I have decided to_sign_up_for evening classes this term.
我决定这个学期报名上夜校。
5．Since smoking is bad for your health, you'd better_quit/give_up_smoking_now.
既然吸烟对健康有害，你最好现在就戒烟。
6．Because of the weather, the_sports_meeting_was_held_a_week_ahead_of_schedule.
由于天气原因，运动会提前一周召开。
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
I'm Adam, 1.a freshman in senior high school. The first week was a little 2.confusing (confuse)．
There are some 3.challenges (challenge) I have to face in my new school life. First, I had to think carefully about my courses. Chinese is hard to learn, but I hope I can speak it 4.fluently (fluent) when I graduate. My adviser 5.recommended (recommend) me to sign up for advanced literature because I'm good 6.at it. Second, I had to choose my extra-curricular activities. I tried 7.to_join (join) the school football team though I couldn't do well in 8.it at first. Besides that, I joined a volunteer club. In order to be well 9.prepared (prepare) for university or whatever else 10.comes (come) in the future, I make up my mind to study harder and get used to new situation.
课时作业 5
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
What a day! I started at my new school this morning and had the best time. I made lots of new friends and really liked my teachers. I was nervous the night before, but I had no reason to be. Everyone was so friendly and polite. They made me feel at ease. It was like I'd been at the school for a hundred years!
The day started very early at 7：00 am. I had my breakfast downstairs with my mom. She could tell that I was very nervous. Mom kept asking me what was wrong. She told me I had nothing to worry about and that everyone was going to love me. If they didn't love me, Mom said to send them her way for a good talking to. I couldn't stop laughing.
My mom dropped me off at the school gates about five minutes before the bell. A little blonde (金发的) girl got dropped off at the same time and started waving (招手) at me. She ran over and told me her name was Abigail. She was very nice and we became close straight away. We spent all morning together and began to talk to another girl called Stacey. The three of us sat together in class all day and we even made our way home together! It went so quickly. Our teacher told us that tomorrow we would really start learning and developing new skills.
I cannot wait until tomorrow and feel as though I am really going to enjoy my time at my new school. I only hope that my new friends feel the same way too.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。作者在文中主要描述了自己新学期的第一天。
1．How did the author feel the night before her new school?
A．Tired. B．Excited.
C．Worried. D．Relaxed.
答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据首段中的“I was nervous the night before”可知，作者在开学前夕感到紧张不安。
2．What did the author think of her mother's advice?
A．Clear. B．Funny.
C．Reasonable. D．Excellent.
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Mom said to send them her way for a good talking to. I couldn't stop laughing”可知，作者觉得妈妈说的话很好笑。
3．What happened on the author's first day of school?
A．She met many nice people.
B．She had a hurried breakfast.
C．She learned some new skills.
D．She arrived at school very early.
答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据首段中的“I made lots of new friends and really liked my teachers”和“Everyone was so friendly and polite. They made me feel at ease”以及下文作者详细介绍自己遇到的朋友可知，作者在开学第一天遇到很多友好亲切的人。
4．What can we infer about Abigail?
A．She disliked Stacey.
B．She was shy and quiet.
C．She got on well with the author.
D．She was an old friend of the author.
答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“She was very nice and we became close straight away. We spent all morning together”和“we even made our way home together”可知，Abigail和作者相处得非常好。
B
Researchers in Australia, who studied 1,500 people and their lifestyles, have found that having good friends can help you live longer. An American study of 10,000 students, over a period of 35 years, also found that if you make more friends than the average (普通的) person at school, you'll receive a higher salary (工资) in later life. People need good social skills at work to manage people and work in a team successfully. These are the same skills we use to make friends at school.
On average, teenagers aged between 15 and 17 have 500 “friends” on their favourite social networking site. Adults (成年人) have 130. So if you believe this research, you might live for a long time and be very rich.
However, according to Professor Robin Dunbar from the University of Oxford, it probably won't make any difference. Dunbar studied the number of messages between users of a popular social networking website, each of whom had between 200 and 2,000 friends. He found that they always communicate with a maximum (最大量) of 150 people.
Among these 150, Dunbar believes that around five people are close friends. You've most likely known them for a long time; they are probably old friends and you share all your good and bad experiences with them. Then there are ten more friends. Although they're close to you, you may not keep in touch with them every week. Next there are 35 people who you might spend time with because of a shared interest. You aren't close. And finally, there's a large group of 100. You see or speak to these people at least once a year, but you don't know them well. Beyond (超过) this_number,_Dunbar says, it's impossible to make any relationship meaningful.
If you have a lot of online “friends”， try this experiment: First take away anyone you haven't been in touch with for a year. Then remove people you can't remember and, finally, take away friends who you wouldn't mind losing touch with. How many do you have left? How many of these people are actually good friends? According to the research, these are the only people that really matter.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。研究表明，朋友的质量比数量更重要。
5．What are the studies mentioned in the first paragraph mainly about?
A．The number of friends you should have.
B．The advantages of having a lot of friends.
C．Some social skills you may need at work.
D．Some useful advice on how to make friends.
答案与解析：B 推理判断题。由第一段中的“Researchers in Australia... found that having good friends can help you live longer”和“American study... found that if you make more friends... you'll receive a higher salary in later life”可知，交友可以对人的身心健康和财富产生正面的影响，故这两项研究是有关拥有好友的好处。
6．According to the American study, the most popular students at school ________.
A．are likely to spend more money
B．may not be as popular at work
C．seem to get better-paid jobs
D．will work harder in later years
答案与解析：C 推理判断题。由第一段中的“if you make more friends...you'll receive a higher salary in later life. People need good social skills at work... the same skills we use to make friends at school”可知，美国一项研究发现在校受欢迎的人具有较强的社交能力，他们在今后可能会获得高薪工作。
7．What does the underlined part “this number” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A．10. B．35.
C．100. D．150.
答案与解析：D 篇章结构题。文章第三、四段是对Dunbar教授关于交友数量研究的介绍。由第三段中的“they always communicate with a maximum of 150 people”和第四段中的“Among these 150”可知，Dunbar教授认为人们通常能与最多150个人进行交流，超过这个数，有些联系则无实际意义了。
8．What does the text mainly want to show?
A．You need to spend more time with your friends.
B．There is a lot of research on the influence of friends.
C．Friends are sometimes more important than family.
D．It's more important to have good friends than lots of friends.
答案与解析：D 主旨大意题。由最后一段作者的建议“try this experiment：... these are the only people that really matter”可知，本文通过研究告诉读者，朋友的质量要比朋友的数量更重要。
Ⅱ.七选五
Self-love is the key to a happy life. After we have learned how to love ourselves, we will be able to love others. __1__ You have to learn some steps to develop self-love.
Accept yourself the way you are. Every person has his or her own advantages and disadvantages. Our advantages make us proud but our disadvantages make us unhappy. This isn't the right attitude towards life. __2__ In fact, no one on this earth is perfect. The key is to achieve a better balance (平衡) and try to be as happy as possible.
Stop worrying. __3__ It won't help you get the solution (解决办法). In fact, it will make you very unhappy. So, don't let your worries influence you. This will help you face the difficulties of life more positively.
Enjoy life. Take part in activities that you love and develop a hobby. __4__ Take some time to enjoy them at least once a week. This way you are doing something that you are good at, which will make you feel good about yourself，and make you start loving life and everyone and everything in it.
__5__ If your body is weak and suffering from some health problems，you aren't going to like anything about it. So you must take good care of your health. It includes eating fresh healthy food, taking enough rest and doing exercise.
A．Live a healthy lifestyle.
B．Make efforts to improve yourself.
C．It will hold you back from loving yourself.
D．They can be anything that makes you happy.
E．Worrying about a problem won't let you think clearly.
F．However, learning to love yourself isn't going to be easy.
G．The correct thing to do is accept the fact that you aren't perfect.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文，主题语境是完善自我。本文主要介绍了如何爱自己。
1．答案与解析：F 该空上一句提到爱自己对拥有快乐的人生很重要，但学会爱自己也是一件不容易的事，你需要掌握一些方法，故选F项。
2．答案与解析：G 该空前一句说这不是对待生活的正确态度，后一句说世界上没有一个人是完美的，所以G项“正确的做法是接受你并不完美这一事实”符合语境。
3．答案与解析：E 根据该段的主题句和该空后的“It won't help you get the solution”可知，担忧会让人的思维受阻。
4．答案与解析：D 该空前一句提到了参加自己喜欢的活动或培养一个爱好，该空在解释应该参加什么样的活动和培养什么样的爱好，再结合本段的主题句可知，只要是能让你开心的活动和爱好，什么都可以。
5．答案与解析：A 该空为该段的主题句，根据该段中出现的“take good care of your health”及“eating fresh healthy food, taking enough rest and doing exercise”可知，该段内容与拥有健康的生活方式有关，故选A项。
课件80张PPT。Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
Grammar — 名词、形容词、副词短语句法功能
[新知导引]
诵读下列例句并感知画线部分的共性
1．(教材P16)The first week was a little confusing.
2．(教材P16)The building is so big that I'm completely lost.
3．(教材P16)My first French class was very confusing.
4．I know that Chinese is a very difficult language.
5．I tried to join the school football team, but the coach told me that I didn't play well enough.
6．(教材P18)I understand quite well that you are anxious and feel terrible.
[共性呈现]
1．所有画线部分都是短语(词组)。
2．The first week, The building, My first French class属于名词短语，并作主语。
3．a little confusing, so big, completely lost, very confusing属于形容词短语，并且作表语；a very difficult language属于名词短语，作表语。
4．the school football team属于名词短语，作宾语。
5．so quickly与well enough属于副词短语，作状语。
[语法精释]
一、名词短语(Noun Phrases)
名词短语：指一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词，可作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。常见名词短语的构成形式有：
限定词＋名词 如：the girl
限定词＋形容词(短语)＋名词 如：a beautiful girl
限定词＋名词＋介词短语 如：a beautiful campus of my school
限定词＋描述性名词＋名词 如：my school life
①The young lady over there is my English teacher.
那边的那位年轻女士是我的英语老师。(名词短语The young lady 的构成形式为：限定词＋形容词＋名词，该短语在句中充当主语)
②As a student, you must finish your homework on time.
作为一名学生，你必须按时完成作业。(名词短语your homework 的构成形式为：限定词＋名词，该短语在句中充当宾语)
③I have three close friends.
我有三个要好的朋友。(名词短语three close friends的构成形式为：限定词＋形容词＋名词，该短语在句中充当宾语)
④He is my best friend.
他是我最好的朋友。(名词短语my best friend的构成形式为：限定词＋形容词＋名词，该短语在句中充当表语)
⑤There are some red roses on that small table.
在那张小餐桌上有一些红玫瑰。(名词短语some red roses的构成形式为：限定词＋形容词＋名词＋介词短语，该短语在句中充当主语；that small table也是名词短语，在句中作介词on的宾语)
[即学即练1] 写出下列句中的名词短语构成形式及在句中所作成分
如：In my opinion, dancing is an exciting art form.
构成形式：限定词＋形容词＋名词＋名词；作表语
(1)The red clothes with five yellow stars are mine.
构成形式：限定词＋形容词＋名词＋介词短语；作主语
(2)They made him chairman of the meeting.
构成形式：名词＋介词短语；作宾补
(3)Miss Li, our math teacher, is very young.
构成形式：_限定词＋名词＋名词；作同位语
(4)The first young man is a bus driver.
The first young man是：限定词＋序数词＋形容词＋名词；作主语
a bus driver是：限定词＋名词＋名词；作表语
二、形容词短语(Adjective Phrases)
形容词短语：指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词，可以修饰名词或代词，还可以用作表语或者宾语补足语。常见形容词短语的构成形式有：
副词＋形容词 如：very suitable
形容词＋enough 如：good enough
形容词＋介词短语 如：good for nothing
副词＋形容词＋介词 如：well worthy of praise
①I'm very glad to see you.
我见到你很高兴。(副词＋形容词，作表语)
②Your room is large and beautiful.
你的房间大且美丽。(形容词＋and/but＋形容词，该短语在句中充当表语)
③The most beautiful tourist attraction in China is Mount Huang.
中国最美丽的旅游景点是黄山。(副词＋形容词，该短语在句中作定语修饰名词tourist attraction)
④A good friend is someone who makes you really happy.
好朋友就是能让你真正高兴的人。(副词＋形容词，该短语在句中作宾语补足语)
⑤Cold and hungry, he stopped working and went home.(形容词＋and＋形容词，该短语在句中作状语)
⑥The little boy is old enough to go to school.(形容词＋副词， 该短语在句中充当表语)
[即学即练2] 写出下列句中的形容词短语构成形式及在句中所作成分
如：It is less cold today than it was yesterday.
构成形式：副词＋形容词；作表语
(1)I find English very hard to learn.
构成形式： 副词＋形容词；作宾语补足语
(2)Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.
构成形式：副词＋and＋副词＋形容词；作表语
(3)The road is long enough.
构成形式：形容词＋副词；作表语
(4)The medicine is good for stomach.
构成形式：形容词＋介词短语；作表语
(5)He looked very worried.构成形式：副词＋形容词；作表语
三、副词短语(Adverb Phrases)
副词短语：指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词，可以修饰动词、形容词或副词。常见副词短语的构成形式为：
(副词)＋副词 如：much more beautifully
①She is by no means poor. In fact, he is quite rich.
(副词quite修饰形容词rich)
②Bill did the work very well.
比尔的工作做得很好。(副词very修饰副词well，副词短语very well修饰动词did)
③We are all entirely responsible for our actions.
我们都要对自己的行为负全部责任。(副词all修饰副词entirely副词短语all entirely修饰形容词短语responsible for)
④Luckily, I will have enough spare time to take part in the activity.
幸运的是，我将有足够的时间参加活动。(副词Luckily作状语修饰整个句子)
[即学即练3] 画出下列句中的副词短语
(1)I have completely forgotten your birthday.
(2)Finally, I have made up my mind to join the club.
(3)You are driving too fast. Could you drive less slowly?
(4)Strangely enough, she didn't seem to like ballet very much.
(5)The horse ran quite slowly, so they arrived very late.
答案：(1)completely (2)Finally (3)too fast; less slowly (4)Strangely enough; very much (5)quite slowly very late
Ⅰ.写出下列加黑词的句法功能
1．The tallest boy in our class is Li Lei.(限定词＋形容词＋名词；作主语)
2．She studies English very hard.(副词＋副词；作状语)
3．Tom carefully wrote some letters to his friends.(形容词＋名词；作宾语)
4．I'd like to go to coffee shop this weekend.(名词＋名词；作宾语)
5．Surprisingly, he refused our offer.(副词作状语)
6．He looked very worried.(副词＋形容词；作表语)
7．Corn is a useful plant that can be eaten by both people and animals.(限定词＋形容词＋名词；作表语)
8．John, an old friend of mine, comes from America.(限定词＋形容词＋名词＋介词短语；作同位语)
Ⅱ.写出下列句中的形容词短语在句中所作的成分
1．He is young but clever.(作表语)
2．Traveling alone is quite dangerous.(作表语)
3．It is an easy thing to do.(作表语)
4．I think he is a man suitable for the job.(作定语)
5．I find the yard fairly quiet.(作宾语补足语)
Ⅲ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．I suggest that you think about it very carefully (careful)．
2．Mary and Jane are quite different (difference)．
3．He spoke too quickly (quick) for me to understand.
4．It really (real) works very well.
5．They got home at last, tired (tire) and hungry.
Ⅳ.语法与写作
1．It sounds like a_good_idea.
听起来是个好主意。
2．She is so_clever_that we all like her.
她很聪明，我们都喜欢她。
3．It_is_very_important_for_us to form a good habit.
对我们来说，养成一个好习惯是很重要的。
4．I am_very_interested_in Chinese culture.
我对中国文化很感兴趣。
5．At the moment, I have become_the_focus_of_the_whole_class.
此刻，我已经成为全班的焦点。
6．We will try to _make_our_country_more_beautiful.
我们将努力使我们的国家更美丽。
7．I wish you a_safe_return.
祝你平安归来。
8．I won the_first_prize_in the Chinese speech contest.
我获得了汉语演讲比赛的一等奖。
9．I am terribly_sorry_to have you waiting for such a long time.
我非常抱歉让你等这么久。
10．I have no money to buy such_an_expensive_gift for her.
我没有钱给她买这么贵的礼物。
课件22张PPT。Section Ⅳ Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing
Ⅰ.核心单词
根据音标及词义写出正确的单词
1._plate/pleIt/n.盘子；碟子
2．adventure/?d'vent??(r)/n.冒险；奇遇
3．expert /'eksp??t/n.专家；行家 adj.熟练的；内行的；专家的
4．generation/?d?en?'reI?n/n.一代(人)
5．focus /'f??k?s/vi.&vt.集中(精力、注意力等)；(使)调节焦距 n．中心；重点；焦点
6．adult /'?d?lt/n.成年人 adj.成年的；成熟的
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据音标及词义写出正确的单词，并牢记拓展词汇
1._youth/ju?θ/n.青年时期；青春→young adj. 年轻的；没有经验的
2．behaviour/bI'heIvj?(r)/n.行为；举止→behave (vt.&vi.)举动；(举止或行为)表现
3．attract /?'tr?kt/vt.吸引；引起……的注意(或兴趣)→attraction n．有吸引力的事物；吸引→attractive adj.吸引人的
4．addict/'?dIkt/n.对……入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人→addicted adj.有瘾的；上瘾的；入迷的
Ⅲ.重点短语
根据汉语意思补全短语
1．be attracted to 喜爱
2．focus on 集中；特别关注
3．addicted to 对……很入迷
4．have fun 玩得开心
5．at the same time 与此同时
6．concentrate on 集中注意力
7．in a good order 以好的顺序
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．make it＋adj.＋to do sth.句式
But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes_it_very_difficult_to_focus_on_things_in_life.
但是花太多的时间在网上是不健康的，这样就很难把精力集中在生活中的事情上。
2．Why not do sth.？为什么不做某事？ 提建议的一种句式。
Why_not_discuss_the_problem together?
为什么不一起讨论这个问题呢？
Read the passage P18 and then choose the best answer.
1．What's the main idea of the passage?
A．A letter of advice to Worried Friend.
B．It is usual for teenagers to be attracted to computer games.
C．Discuss the problem with him.
D．Believe in him.
答案：A
2．What is Worried Friend's problem?
A．He doesn't get along with his friend.
B．He is worried about his friend because Cheng Lei is addicted to playing computers.
C．He is angry with his friend.
D．His friend is often absent from school.
答案：B
3．What suggestions does Susan give to Worried Friend?
A．Encourage him to try new hobbies.
B．Discuss the problem with him.
C．Talk about his behavior.
D．All of them.
答案：D
?第一板块|核心词汇诠释
1．behaviour n．行为；举止；习性
(教材P18)I recommend that you talk to your friend about his behaviour.
我建议你就你朋友的举止同他进行交流。
(1)behave vt.&vi. 举动；(举止或行为)表现
behave＋well/badly towards to sb. 对待某人好/差
behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体
(2)well-behaved adj. 表现好的
badly-behaved adj. 表现差的
①In my opinion, bad behaviour should be punished.
在我看来，不良行为应该受到惩罚。
②Students should be encouraged to develop good habits and better behave themselves.
应当鼓励学生养成良好的习惯，行为更加规范。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)I told them to behave themselves (they) while I was away.
(2)I think all of us should mind our behaviour (behave) in public places.
(3)The waiter behaved badly to/towards the customers.
(4)依我看来，他的举止像个真正的绅士。
In my opinion, he_behaves_like a true gentleman.,
名师指津：behave oneself“守规矩，表现得体”要用反身代词哟！
2.attract vt.吸引；引起注意
(教材P18)It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation to be attracted to computer games and the online world.
对你们这代青年人来说，被计算机游戏和网络世界所吸引是再正常不过的了。
(1)attract one's attention 吸引某人的注意力
attract sb. to sth. 吸引某人关注某事
(2)attraction n. 有趣的东西；吸引人之物
a tourist attraction (一个)旅游景点
(3)attractive adj. 吸引人的；有吸引力的；引起注意的
①The exhibition will attract a large number of visitors at home and abroad.
展览将吸引来自国内外的大量游客。
②The company is starting a new advertising campaign to attract new customers to its stores.
这家公司发起了新一轮广告活动来吸引新的顾客到其商店来。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)You may find that your child is attracted (attract) by the excellent story.
(2)Ice cream is very attractive (attract) to the children.
(3)It is natural for people to be attracted to beautiful things.
名师指津：“旅游景点”表达种种：
tourist attraction
tourist destination
3.focus n．焦点；中心点 vt.集中；聚焦
(经典佳句)As is known to us, children are the focus of families, shouldering the hope of their parents.
众所周知，孩子是家庭的中心，承载着父母的希望。
(1)focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于
focus one's attention on sth. 把注意力集中到……
(2)the focus of attention 关注的焦点
①To lead a happy life in the future, you should focus more on your career while you are young.
为了将来过上幸福的生活，趁着年轻你应该多关注事业。
②I regret not having focused my mind on my study.
我后悔没把心思用在学习上。
[即学即练] 单句写作
健康和环境问题已成为人们关注的焦点。
Health and environmental problems have_become_the_focus_of_attention.
发散思维：表示“集中(注意力、精力等)”的短语
concentrate on sth.集中(注意力、精力等)于
pay attention to注意
put one's heart into sth.全神贯注于某事
concentrate /focus /fix one's attention on把精力集中到……
4.addict vt.使沉溺；使上瘾 n．有瘾的人
(教材P18)Some students even become addicted to the Internet and cannot concentrate on school and family life.
一些学生甚至沉迷于网络，无法把精力集中到学习和家庭生活中来。
(1)be addicted to (doing) sth. 沉溺于……；专心做……
(2)addict vt. 使沉溺；使上瘾
n. 有瘾的人
addict oneself to sth. 沉溺于……
(3)addictive adj. 上瘾的；使人入迷的
①I'm 19 years old and I used to be a smoke addict.
我今年19岁，曾经染上烟瘾。
②Her son addicted himself to smoking, which had a bad effect on his health.
她的儿子吸烟上瘾，这对他的健康有很坏的影响。
[即学即练] 一句多译
很多孩子沉迷于上网，因此他们对学习失去了兴趣。(addict)
(1)Many kids become/are/get_addicted_to surfing the Net, and so they have lost interest in study.
(2)Addicting themselves to surfing the Net, they have lost interest in study.
(3)Addicted_to surfing the Net, many kids have lost interest in study.
巧学助记：
The student is a game addict, even though his father has been trying to prevent him from being addicted to computer games, which are very addictive.
他的父亲一直试图阻止他对使人上瘾的电脑游戏着迷，但是这个学生已成了一个游戏迷。
?第二板块|重点句型解构
句型公式：make＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do结构
(教材P18)But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to focus on other things in life.
但花费过多的时间在网络上是不健康的，这样就很难把精力集中到生活的其他事情上。
句型make it＋adj./n.＋for sb. to do，其中it作形式宾语，动词不定式是真正的宾语。
(1)make/think/feel/consider/find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do不定式
(2)make/think/feel/consider/find＋it＋形容词/名词＋that从句
①I find it hard to remember these words in a short time.
我发现在短时间内记住这些词很难。
②She made it her business to find out who was responsible.
她非要弄清楚是谁的责任不可。
[即学即练] 单句写作
(1)蒂娜明确向我们表示她将离开这家公司。
Tina _made_it_clear_to_us_that she would leave the company.
(2)他使每天早晨六点起床成为一种习惯。
He makes_it_a_rule_to_get_up at six every day.
名师指津：
I find it impolite to speak with your mouth full.(it 作形式宾语)
I find it is impolite to speak with your mouth full.(it is impolite to speak with your mouth full是find的宾语从句，it在宾语从句中作形式宾语，to speak with your mouth full是真正的宾语．)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．People who are addicted to shopping should break this habit.
2．I realize that being an adult means not only more freedom, but also more responsibilities.
3．I think it's of great importance that the young generation (一代人)today should have a good knowledge of English.
4．The youth (年轻人) of today have greater opportunities than ever before.
5．As far as I know, he enjoys _adventure (冒险) and excitement.
6．I will visit more experts (专家) who are famous in the medical field next week.
7．On the table, there are some cakes and grapes on the plate (盘子)．
8．Luckily, the editor (编辑) agreed to my plan.
9．The girl was _attracted (吸引) by the beauty of nature, so she decided to spend another two days.
10．Many schools need volunteers (志愿者) to show children how to read.
Ⅱ.选词填空
be attracted to; focus on; be addicted to; clean up; be suitable for; sign up for; keep up with; in advance
1．If you want to become a member of our club, you'd better sign_up_for it at first.
2．In order not to miss the plane, you should arrive at the airport in_advance.
3．Nearly everyone knows being_addicted_to online games is harmful to the young.
4．Although he was absent from class, Bruce tried to keep_up_with his studies.
5．Every year, a good many tourists are_attracted_to visit the old tower dating back to the eleventh century.
6．We would _focus_on everything that was important to us.
7．Since you have patience, you are_suitable_for the job.
8．The teacher have us clean_up our classroom every day.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．To be honest, I regret not having focused my mind on my study.
2．Mount Tai is attractive (attract) to tourists for its beautiful scenery and historical sites.
3．Behave yourself/yourselves (you) in public and you will win the respect of most of us.
4．I prefer the red dress to the green one because it fits me better.
5．His confused (confuse) look showed that he didn't know what to do next.
6．He' s been in British for two years, so he could speak English fluently (fluent)．
7．He is_addicted (addict) to computer games; that's why he has to drop out of school.
8．Therefore, let's take the responsibility (responsible) to build up a low-carbon city by riding bicycles.
9．Graduates are finding it more and more difficult to find jobs at present.
10．One of the volunteers (volunteer) said that she enjoyed her work because she could see the smiling faces of children.
Ⅳ.单句写作
1．He found_it_impossible_to_leave Germany for the USA.
他发现离开德国去美国是不可能了。
2．The main purpose of the course is_to_help_improve your reading ability.
这门课程的主要目的是帮助你提高阅读能力。
3．It is unusual for teenagers of young generation to_be_addicted_to_smoking.
对年轻一代的青少年来说，吸烟上瘾是不寻常的。
4．She has turned down several invitations in order to concentrate_on/focus_on_her_studies.
为了专心学习，她拒绝了几次邀请。
5．Our class is a warm family, where we care for and encourage_each_other.
我们的班级是个温暖的大家庭，在这里我们相互关心，相互鼓励。
课时作业 6
阅读理解
A
Like any new ninth-grader on the first day of school, Joemar Class had ninth-grader emotion (情绪). He's not used to school in Hartford. He's used to going to school in his hometown of Florida, used to seeing his friends, used to having class in Spanish.
“Nervioso，”he said in Spanish.
We first met Joemar in mid-October in the San Juan Airport. His father, Guillermo Class, had sold his car to buy plane tickets to get his kids and fly them up from Puerto Rico. The island was almost destroyed (毁坏) by the deadly storm — Hurricane Maria.
Now, they are settling into their new home in Hartford's South End. A week later, and, using his wife's car, Class drove 16-year-old Joemar to his first day at Bulkeley High School. After a short ride, he got out in front of his new school. Inside, he met Gretchen Levitz — the school's program director.
“I see you have a new uniform (校服)，” Levitz said. “You look great. Are you ready for a good first day？”
Then he met a couple of teachers.
“Hello，” they each said in Spanish. They asked where he's from, and told him they were happy to see him. Then, Levitz took him on a quick tour of the school before classes began — to her office, the school store, the library, and the dining hall.
A total of 19 languages are spoken in Bulkeley High School. “We have so many new students coming here from other countries every single day，” Levitz said. “So it's not like he's the only one who has that feeling.”
“You could tell he's a little worried，” Guillermo said as we left. “But, at the same time, he's looking forward to it.”
【语篇解读】 本文是新闻报道。文章主要报道了一名十六岁的男孩转校上学第一天的经历。
1．What kind of feeling did Joemar have on his first day of school?
A．Angry. B．Excited.
C．Nervous. D．Relaxed.
答案与解析：C 细节理解题。由第一段中的“He's not used to school in Hartford”、第二段“‘Nervioso，’ he said in Spanish”以及最后一段中的“he's a little worried”可知，到新学校的第一天Joemar感到紧张不安。
2．Why did Joemar leave Florida?
A．His old school closed down.
B．He wanted to see his mother.
C．He expected to have a new life.
D．His town was hit by a terrible storm.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。由第一段中的“his hometown of Florida”和第三段中的“fly them up from Puerto Rico. The island was almost destroyed by the deadly storm”可知，Joemar的家乡遭遇了飓风的袭击。
3．What did Joemar do before he walked into his new classroom?
A．He had a long talk with his father.
B．He learned some simple Spanish words.
C．He said hello to some of his classmates.
D．He had a short look around his new school.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“Levitz took him on a quick tour of the school before classes began”可知，Joemar走进教室之前在Levitz的指引下简单在学校转了转。
4．What can we learn about Bulkeley High School?
A．It has no library.
B．It is an international school.
C．It plans to open Spanish classes.
D．It requires all students to wear uniforms.
答案与解析：B 推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“A total of 19 languages are spoken in Bulkeley High School ... have so many new students coming here from other countries”可知，该校是一所国际学校。
B
I came to the United States ten years ago. I would always say that I was trying to study, but there were always things like work and my kids that would not allow me to start.
Now I realized that those were only excuses. What stopped me was that I was afraid to start studying again. I always believed I would learn by myself.
One day, however, my son told me that he was sad because his friends would come over and I didn't understand them because I didn't speak English. He was also sad because I could never help him with his homework. That same day, I told myself, “Rocio, you have to start believing in yourself and you will see you can make it.”
The next day, I went downtown to look for a big banner (横幅) in front of the school which said that they offered classes for adults. I came in to see if I could join, but the classes were closed already. That night I took the kids to the movies, and on the way back, I told them we would take a new route. I ended up getting lost. That's the way I found Chaffey College. The following Monday, I went to ask for information. They told me that summer school was starting that week.
That's how I started studying English last summer. It is difficult, but I have had great rewards. My daughter had written a story for school. It was about the female they most admired and why. She wrote that I was the person she most admired because I had started going to college. I will never forget this.
【语篇解读】 十年前作者来到美国，由于工作和生活中的琐事一直不能学习。直到有一天儿子跟作者说他很伤心，因为作者英文差，听不懂他的朋友们所说的话，而且也不能帮助他做作业。从那时起，作者开始下决心学英文。
5．According to the passage, the author probably is a ________.
A．teacher B．doctor
C．father D．mother
答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“My daughter had written a story for school. It was about the female they most admired and why. She wrote that I was the person she most admired...”可知，作者是一位妈妈。选D项。
6．What made the author make up her mind to study English?
A．What her son said.
B．What her daughter said.
C．Thinking about herself.
D．Thinking about her daughter.
答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知，作者的儿子告诉她因为她英文差所以不能理解他的朋友们所说的话，而且作者也不能帮助他做作业。从那时起，作者开始下决心学英文。选A项。
7．How did they find Chaffey College?
A．On the way to the movies.
B．They took a new route and got lost.
C．Ask a stranger for information.
D．According to the banner.
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“That night I took the kids to the movies, and on the way back, I told them we would take a new route. I ended up getting lost. That's the way I found Chaffey College. ”可知，作者他们找到查菲学院是因他们走了新路线而迷路所致。选B项。
8．Which of the following is NOT true?
A．The author came to the United States from another country.
B．The author had two children including one daughter.
C．What really changed the author's life was that she believed in herself.
D．The author wrote that she was the person her son most admired.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知，是作者的女儿而不是儿子写了一篇作文，说作者是她最敬佩的人。选D项。
C
A recent study followed nearly 1,500 old people for 10 years. It found that those who had a large network of friends lived longer than those with fewer friends by more than 20%.This study isn't the only one that shows friendships can be good for our health.
Lots of research has shown social support and good health are connected. One recent study focuses on people with ovarian cancer. It says those with lots of social support had much lower levels of a protein connected to more dangerous cancers. This made their treatments (治疗) work better. In another study, women with breast cancer in a support group lived twice as long as those not in a support group. They also had much less pain.
Sheldon Cohen, a professor at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, says strong social support helps people deal with stress. “There may be more benefits as well，” Cohen says. “Friends encourage you to look after yourself better. And people with more friends have higher self-confidence, so they feel they have more control over their lives.”
Other studies show people with fewer friends are likely to die sooner after having a heart attack, compared with people having a strong social network. Having lots of friends may even lower your chance of catching a cold. “People with social support have fewer immune (免疫的) problems and lower levels of stress，” says Tasha Howe, who works at Humboldt State University. “We are social animals, and we were born to be in groups，” Howe says. “We have always needed others to survive better. It's in our genes.” People with a big social group are likely to be more at peace, which leads to better health, Howe says.
【语篇解读】 多项研究表明，拥有朋友对我们的健康有益。
9．What does it mean when people have high levels of the protein mentioned in Paragraph 2?
A．They have a stronger social network.
B．The treatments for cancers work better.
C．They have low risk of developing cancer.
D．They have high risk of developing dangerous cancers.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段的“It says those with lots of social support had much lower levels of a protein connected to more dangerous cancers.”可知，这种蛋白质的水平高意味着引发更危险癌症的风险高。
10．What does the underlined word “benefits” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Advantages. B．Stresses.
C．Methods. D．Concerns.
答案与解析：A 词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的“strong social support helps people deal with stress”以及后面的“Friends encourage you to look after yourself better...”可推断，这里是指拥有朋友还有其他一些好处。
11．What can we infer from Tasha Howe's words?
A．Humans really need friends.
B．Humans should live peacefully.
C．Certain stress is good for our health.
D．There are many ways to have good health.
答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第四段“Tasha Howe”所说的话可知，人类天生就是社会性的动物，我们需要彼此才能更好地生活，所以我们真的需要朋友。
课件36张PPT。Section Ⅴ Writing — 建议信
技法指导
建议信的目的是向收信人就某事提出自己的建议或忠告。有可能是写给个人，就收信人遇到的某个问题提出自己的看法和观点；也可能是写给某个组织或机构，就改进其服务等方面提出建议忠告。
提出建议时，多用祈使句，时态以一般现在时为主，人称多用第二人称。
[谋篇布局]
建议信的格式和普通信件一样，通常包括以下几个部分：信头、称呼、正文、结束语和签名。因为本写作任务开头和结尾已给出，所以我们只需要写出正文部分即可。
建议信的正文部分分为三部分：
第一部分：引出话题；
第二部分：提出建议；
第三部分：表达祝愿。
[增分佳句]
1．建议信开头常用句式：
①I know you are now having trouble communicating with others, and you may often feel lonely.
我知道你现在在与人交流方面有些麻烦，你也可能经常感到孤独。
②I'm glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on...
很高兴收到你就……征求建议的来信。
③Here are some tips/a few suggestions to help you.
这里有一些建议可以帮到你。
④I think you can make it if you follow the advice below.
如果你听从以下建议，我认为你会做到的。
2．表达建议常用句式：
①First(ly), why not join a club? If you do this, you can make friends.
首先，为什么不参加一个俱乐部？如果你这样做的话，就会交到朋友。
②Second(ly), you should/can try to talk with others. Then/That way, you will feel better.
其次，你应该尽力与他人交谈。这样，你会感觉好点。
③Third(ly), it would be a good idea if you read a book or listen to music. By doing this, you will calm yourself down.
第三，看书或听音乐是个不错的主意。通过这样做，你会使自己平静下来。
④Last but not least, you should talk with her first.
最后但同等重要的是，你应该先和她谈一谈。
⑤As far as I am concerned/In my opinion, you should help each other.
就我而言/在我看来，你们应该互相帮助。
3．建议信结尾常用句式：
①I hope you will find these ideas useful.
我希望你会发现这些办法有用。
②As time goes on, people will know you better and will like to make friends with you if you can follow the above.
如果你听从以上建议，随着时间的推移，人们会更加理解你，会愿意和你交朋友的。
③I believe that if you follow my advice, you'll get along well with your classmates.
我相信，如果你听从我的建议，你会和同学们相处好的。
④I believe, with your trying, you can manage to overcome these difficulties.
我相信，通过努力，你会克服这些困难的。
[建议信模板]
(一)
Dear ________，
I'm glad/sorry to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to _____________(引出主题). Here are a few suggestions.
First, it is important to ________________. Then, it also helps to ________________. Besides, it should be a good idea to ________________. You can also ________________.(此三句不同的句式提出建议) As to ________________， I suggest ________________ (有时根据需要具体到某一反面). In addition, ________________ (其他建议). I'm sure ________________ (预测可能的结果，给对方以行动的信心和决心)．
I'm looking forward to ________________ (表达愿望)．
Sincerely yours，
Miss Wang
(二)
Dear ________，(问候语)
You wrote that ______________.(你知晓对方面临的问题) I understand that ______________.
(你理解对方的处境或想法)I think ________________， because ______________.(告知对方如何去做并如此做的理由)
I am sure that ________________.(表达自己的期望)
Best wishes!
________
精品展示
假设你是你校英语报社的编辑Miss Wang，现在小冬因不善于交流在交友过程中遇到了困难，请你用英语给他写一封100词左右的回信，给他提出一些建议或意见。
[审题谋篇]
第一步：明确要求
该写作属于应用文类的书信，故要用第一人称来写；信的主要内容是写建议，根据题意，首先明确书信双方的身份，自己为报社编辑，对方是寻求建议的小冬，主题是关于交友中遇到的困难。需要给对方提出下一步的意见和建议，故用一般将来时，同时兼顾书信的特点，会用到表达愿望的情态动词。
第二步：确定段落
本篇作文可以从以下几个方面入手：
第一段：首先要陈述自己的关心
第二段：指出问题产生的原因，并提出建议
第三段：表达自己的希望与祝福
第三步：提炼要点
1．have_trouble_in_making_friends 交友有困难
2．likes_and_dislikes 好恶
3．get_along_well_with 与……相处得好
4．in_trouble 处于困境中
5．take_an_active_part_in 积极参加
第四步：句式升级
1．听说你交友困难，我很难过。
(一般表达)I'm sorry to hear that you can't make friends.
(高级表达)I'm sorry you are having trouble in making friends.
2．首先，了解你同学的喜好。
(一般表达)First, get to know what your classmates like and what they don't like.
(高级表达)First, why not learn about your classmates' likes and dislikes?
3．第二，积极参与班级讨论会帮你显示你的友好。
(一般表达)Second, taking an active part in the discussions in your class helps to show you are friendly.
(高级表达)Second, it will help you to show you are friendly if you take an active part in the discussions in your class.
[连句成篇]
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参考范文：
Dear Xiao Dong，
I'm sorry you are having trouble in making friends. However, the situation is easy to change if you take my advice. Here are some tips to help you.
First, why not learn about your classmates' likes and dislikes? Then you can have much in common with them, which helps you get along well with them. Second, it will help you to show you are friendly if you take an active part in the discussions in your class. Third, it would be a good idea to help others when they are in trouble.
With time going on, people will know you better and will like to make friends with you if you follow the tips above.
Yours，
Miss Wang
单元检测卷(二)
选择题部分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How will the woman get to the airport?
A．By bus. B．By taxi.
C．By car.
2．What's the man's plan for tonight?
A．To go out for dinner. B．To write a work report.
C．To cook some chicken.
3．What's the most probable relationship between the speakers?
A．Classmates. B．Workmates.
C．Teacher and student.
4．How does the woman most probably feel now?
A．Relaxed. B．Surprised.
C．Worried.
5．What are the speakers most probably talking about?
A．A book. B．A newspaper.
C．An experience.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What does the man like doing?
A．Playing ping-pong and listening to music.
B．Listening to music and reading.
C．Reading and playing basketball.
7．How often does the woman play ping-pong?
A．Once a week. B．Twice a week.
C．Three times a week.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．How long has the man been learning English?
A．For about half a year. B．For about one year.
C．For about two years.
9．Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A．At a bus stop. B．In a school.
C．On a bus.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Where did the man's family go last year?
A．To Egypt. B．To Spain.
C．To France.
11．How many people are there in the man's family?
A．Three. B．Four.
C．Five.
12．What's the relationship between the speakers?
A．Friends. B．Strangers.
C．Workmates.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What day is it today?
A．Friday. B．Thursday.
C．Wednesday.
14．Who forgot the words during the play?
A．Peter. B．Harry.
C．Mark.
15．What was Fred's problem?
A．He fell over a chair. B．He caused lights to be off.
C．He gave up the play midway.
16．How does the woman feel about the situation on the man's first night?
A．It's normal. B．It's funny.
C．It's surprising.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Where is Kate now?
A．In London. B．In Edinburgh.
C．In Paris.
18．What was the weather like when the speaker was camping?
A．Sunny. B．Rainy.
C．Cloudy.
19．What did the speaker do on the fourth day of the holiday?
A．She visited a village school.
B．She sailed on the lake.
C．She went to a museum.
20．Where does Kate work now?
A．At a library. B．At a gym.
C．At a supermarket.
答案：
1～5 CBACA 6～10 CBBAA 11～15 BCABB
16～20 AABBC
听力材料
(Text 1)
M: It's nearly 4 o'clock. If you want to catch your flight, you'd better go now.
W: Don't worry. I'll drive to the airport. It only takes twenty minutes to get there.
(Text 2)
W: Hey, Jack. Let's go out for dinner tonight. We can go to our favorite Chinese restaurant. I really love their chicken.
M: I'd love to, but I have to finish my work report. My boss wants it by tomorrow morning.
(Text 3)
M: What's the English homework for today?
W: Just a minute. I'll look it up in my textbook. Oh, yes. Exercises 5 to 10 on Pages 108 and 109.
M：Thanks.
(Text 4)
W: I am so sorry I send the flowers to you too late. I'll try to do better next time.
M: Well, my girlfriend's train has already left so I don't need the flowers any more.
W: What should I tell my boss? He's going to fire me.
(Text 5)
M：So what do you think of it?
W：Well, it has a very interesting beginning, but after reading for about twenty pages, I was disappointed.
M：How come?
W：It got kind of boring. But I kept reading and now I find it interesting again.
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
(Text 6)
M：Hi, Lisa. What do you like doing in your spare time?
W：I like reading and listening to music. I especially love reading love stories and listening to pop music. What about you?
M：I like reading books, too, but I hardly listen to music. I also like playing basketball. I play it almost every day.
W：I don't like playing basketball, but I like playing ping-pong.
M：So how often do you play ping-pong?
W：I play it every Tuesday and Friday.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
(Text 7)
M：Excuse me, could you tell me which bus I can take to go to Winston Hotel?
W：No. 7. By the way, are you from America?
M：No, I'm from Russia.
W：But your English is very good. How long have you been learning it?
M：For about one year.
W：Wow, how could you pick up spoken English so fast?
M：Probably because I'm taking a course at a language school and we're encouraged to speak English in and after class. So I think practicing it often is the key.
W：No wonder you picked it up so fast. Here comes my bus. Nice talking to you. Bye.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
(Text 8)
W：Do you take long vacations at New Year?
M：Yes, we do. We love traveling abroad around New Year. We saw the Pyramids last year.
W：So where are you going for your vacation this year?
M：We haven't decided yet. My son wants to go to Spain, and my daughter wants to go to France. But my wife and I want to go to China.
W：So why do you want to go to China?
M：We want to see pandas in Sichuan. So do you like traveling abroad?
W：Me? Well, it costs too much to take a trip abroad. I can't really afford such a trip.
M：Well, you've just worked for a few months, after all.
W：Yes. So how long have you worked here?
M：For over ten years.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
(Text 9)
W：Hi! I know you were really worried about your first night. How did it go?
M：You weren't there? I thought you were coming with Peter.
W：No. Thursdays after school is Arts Club, and it finished really late yesterday.
M：Actually, it's probably a good thing you didn't come last night — so many things went wrong!
W：First nights are always like that! I remember when I was in a play in my second year. We all forgot our lines and one student was so nervous she couldn't continue with the play.
M：Surprisingly, I didn't forget my words, but Harry did.
W：So, what happened?
M：Well, luckily I knew his lines too, so I told him very quietly. But that wasn't the only thing. Mark fell over a chair. It was supposed to be a sad bit! Oh, and you won't believe this — the lights all went off at the end of the play. It was so funny — we had to act in darkness. In fact, Fred turned off the wrong lights. Our teacher Mr. Tim was very angry!
W：I'm not surprised!
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
(Text 10)
Hello, Kate. I decided to send you a speaking letter! Today it is very hot here. I hope tomorrow it will be cloudy and not so hot.
I am happy that you have decided to start learning French like me. When I come to visit you in London in the spring, we can talk together in French. Yesterday, I returned from my short holiday camping in Scotland. I went with my friend Melissa. She is from Paris. We camped near Edinburgh but the weather was terrible for the whole four days. Everything was so wet. But while we were there, we visited some village schools and an art museum.
On the last day we borrowed a boat and went out onto a lake. I am starting my new job tomorrow at the library near my house. How is your job at the supermarket? Please tell me what you are doing this month. I am going to work out at the gym now!
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)
第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
My name is Lwazi Nzimande. I started my schooling at Thukeyana Primary Farm School in Underberg, KwaZulu-Natal.
I had a favourite teacher in primary school. Her name was Miss Dube. She taught me natural science and human social sciences in grade six and seven, and had a way of pushing learners to be able to think for themselves. She made sure that each and every learner took part in every lesson. She used pictures, diagrams (图表) and other things to make learning easier and more unforgettable, moving at a pace that was suitable for all students. As a teacher, she showed patience, respect, open-mindedness, and reliability (可靠性). Now you see why she was my favourite teacher in primary school, don't you?
In my opinion, patience, respect, open-mindedness, and reliability are some of the things that all teachers should have and show. A patient teacher is one who understands that some learners need more explanation that others than to understand something in class. He or she should always be willing to help learners. An open-minded teacher will go beyond what is found in the textbook. A teacher who is respected will find it easy to control a class. Respect is earned through what a teacher says to learners or how he or she deals with them in general.
Miss Dube often told us not to bad-mouth or make fun of others. She also did so. She never bad-mouthed other teachers in front of us. Also, Miss Dube never made fun of her learners. She thought making fun of learners in front of others would hurt them and damage their confidence.
Miss Dube was also very honest. From my point of view, that's also what a good teacher should be like. If she didn't have an answer to a question, she would let her learners know. This set a good example to the learners.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。Miss Dube是作者小学阶段最喜欢的老师，这是为什么呢？
21．Why was Miss Dube the author's favourite teacher?
A．Because of her rich knowledge.
B．Because of her good appearance.
C．Because of her teaching style and character.
D．Because of her lifestyle and attitude to students.
答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第二段的内容，可知本段主要介绍了Miss Dube的教学方式，又根据这一段的“As a teacher, she showed patience, respect, open-mindedness, and reliability. Now you see why she was my favourite teacher in primary school, don't you？”可知答案。
22．What does the author think an open-minded teacher should
do?
A．Pay close attention to every student's improvement.
B．Tell about something outside the textbook.
C．Avoid believing everything in the textbook.
D．Show great respect for her students.
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第三段的“An open-minded teacher will go beyond what is found in the textbook.”可知，一位思想开明的老师不会仅仅局限于课本，会讲一些课外的知识。
23．What can we learn about Miss Dube from Paragraph 4?
A．She liked praising her students.
B．She was very confident in class.
C．She got along well with other teachers.
D．She set a good example to her students.
答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知，Miss Dube经常教育学生不要说别人坏话或嘲笑别人，她自己也能以身作则，从不在学生面前说别的老师的坏话，也不取笑学生，给学生树立了榜样。
24．What does the underlined word “This” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Being a very patient teacher.
B．Answering students' questions.
C．Being honest in front of students.
D．Teaching students very difficult things.
答案与解析：C 词义猜测题。根据末段的“Miss Dube was also very honest.”以及“If she didn't have an answer to a question, she would let her learners know.”可知“This”是指在学生面前很诚实一事。
B
A snowboarder was feeling lucky to be alive yesterday after a helicopter rescue (直升机营救)．
Ben Akintola, 30, was snowboarding in the French Alps under a clear blue sky in the afternoon when a large amount (数量) of snow fell down the side of the mountain. He didn't have time to escape (逃脱) and it hit him with full force and knocked him senseless.
He woke in the middle of the night in total darkness. He was lying on an icy rock. Amazingly, he still had a mobile phone signal (信号), so he called a friend a thousand kilometers away in Britain. His friend called the French rescue services.
“I was waiting for what seemed like hours on that rock. I was beginning to give up hope when I heard the sound of a helicopter. It was circling around in the darkness, looking for me. I was trying my best to wave my mobile around. Fortunately the helicopter pilot saw the light.”
“I was overjoyed when the helicopter headed my way. It stayed above me and began lowering a rope.”
Ben was in hospital last night but he was not being treated for any serious injuries. He's looking forward to going home today.
The French rescue services said: “We were very pleased that we were able to save Ben. The risk of snowslide off-piste (非滑雪场地的) is much higher at this time of year. All snowboarders and skiers should stay on the ski runs and not go off-piste. Ben was very lucky.”
【语篇解读】 本文是新闻报道。文章主要报道了一名滑雪者在阿尔卑斯山遭遇雪崩后被营救的故事。
25．The French rescue services learned about Ben's difficulty ________.
A．from his friend
B．in the early afternoon
C．after receiving his call
D．when seeing his mobile
答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“His friend called the French rescue services”可知答案。
26．How did Ben feel about the wait?
A．It made him strong in the darkness.
B．It caused him to hope for the best.
C．It was shorter than he expected.
D．It was a little discouraging.
答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I was waiting for what seemed like hours on that rock. I was beginning to give up hope”可知，Ben在漫长的等待过程中开始有点灰心失望。
27．What's the best title for the text?
A．A Lucky Escape
B．A Rocky Mountain
C．Risks of Snowboarding
D．French Rescue Services
答案与解析：A 主旨大意题。文章首段“A snowboarder was feeling lucky to be alive yesterday after a helicopter rescue”为全文的中心思想，下文围绕此话题展开叙述。由此可知，A项作标题合适。
C
Science is a great subject to satisfy the natural curiosity (好奇心) of a child. Science helps answer the questions a child asks. Science experiments are a perfect way for children to become clearer about how the world around them works. Science experiments can lead to great ideas in children's minds. They enable children to find solutions to big problems later in their adulthood. Therefore, it is no surprise that science experiments for students are becoming more and more popular these days.
Students in the 5th grade already do science experiments. A science experiment is a good learning experience for students in the 5th grade. Apart from learning science, science experiments cover much more. A science experiment for the 5th grade requires reading, writing, spelling, math, and many other important skills. Science experiments enable students of the 5th grade to use everything they've learnt over the course of their study in early grades.
Science experiments for students in the 5th grade don't need to be necessarily difficult. What is of importance is that the science project should be to the students' liking. The students should choose the projects that can be completed in a short period of time.
There are several types of science experiments that can be done at home or at school. Tons of ideas can be found on the Internet. It should be kept in mind that the simplest science experiment projects can present the greatest challenges to a kid whose intelligence (智力) is developing.
When you design science experiments for children, your main concerns are safety and health together with education. When you design science experiments, it is important for you to make sure that the students can follow certain safety rules to keep themselves and others safe. If anything goes wrong during the course of the experiment, adults should come to their rescue. It is a good idea to ask the parents before using any of their home belongings in an experiment.
【语篇解读】 五年级学生已经开始做科学实验了，作者就此分享了一些他的想法。
28．According to Paragraph 1, what does the author think of science experiments?
A．They're very important to children.
B．They can be big problems for children.
C．They're not popular enough among children.
D．They mainly satisfy children's natural curiosity.
答案与解析：A 推理判断题。综合第一段的内容可知，作者认为科学实验可以满足孩子们的好奇心，帮助他们了解世界，开拓他们的创新思维，为他们以后解决问题提供方法，所以作者认为科学实验对孩子们很重要。
29．What can we know from the last paragraph?
A．Children should never do a dangerous experiment.
B．Children should always do a science experiment at school.
C．Adults should teach a 5th grader to finish a science experiment.
D．Adults should be there when a 5th grader is doing science experiments.
答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据末段的“If anything goes wrong during the course of the experiment, adults should come to their rescue.”可知，五年级的小孩在家里做实验时需要有大人在场，以防有突发情况的发生。
30．What's the author's purpose in writing the text?
A．To introduce some science experiments.
B．To encourage people to do science experiments.
C．To share ideas on science experiments for 5th graders.
D．To explain why 5th graders love doing science experiments.
答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，作者在本文主要就五年级学生在做科学实验方面分享了一些自己的想法。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Your first year of high school is here, but you don't know what you'll do! So you'll feel nervous about it. __31__ Here are some ideas that can help you.
·Make a lot of friends. Friends are people you can depend on and trust. They'll help you in your hour of need. So, from the faces you see every day, find those who can be your true friends, and you must defend (保卫) your friendships. __32__ Knowing new people is one of the most pleasant things to do in high school.
·Don't break school rules. For example, don't be late for class or don't make noise in class. __33__ This is because fighting could lead to trouble.
__34__ Teachers really hate it if you don't prepare well. So you should have all your school things in your schoolbag. You can make a mental (心理的) list of everything you need to have when you leave your classroom so that you won't forget anything next school day.
·Learn in a smarter way. __35__ Go over your class notes once a week. Finish your homework on time. Especially, it's better to develop the habit of asking your teachers or classmates for help when you have problems with your study. All these methods will help you study better!
By using the above ideas, you'll have a wonderful high school life!
A．Be prepared all the time.
B．Most importantly, don't get into fights.
C．Don't be afraid to get extra help after school.
D．For example, pay close attention during the class.
E．Actively take part in after-class activities in school.
F．To avoid this, you should get used to your high school life soon.
G．However, don't ignore those who you've met but don't know well.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文，主题语境是学校生活。本文主要介绍了如何尽快适应高中生活。
31．答案与解析：F 上文提到你对高一的生活感到紧张，下文提出了解决方法，故本空为过渡句，即尽快适应高中生活才会让你不感到紧张。
32．答案与解析：G 根据本空前的“So, from the faces you see every day, find those who can be your true friends”和本空后的“Knowing new people is one of the most pleasant things to do in high school”可知，本空该是转折后的内容“但是，不要忽略那些你已认识但了解不深的人”，且第二段中多处出现的friends也有提示。
33．答案与解析：B 根据本空后的“fighting could lead to trouble”可知，本空指的是“别打架”。
34．答案与解析：A 根据本空后的“Teachers really hate it if you don't prepare well”可知，此处建议“始终做好准备”。
35．答案与解析：D 根据本空前的主题句及空后句子可知，本段在介绍学习方法，故本空处应该是举例说明。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Geoff Hoffman, discovered that his dog, Bridget, was lost after his home was broken into on Dec. 20. That night, Hoffman __36__ asked his friends including his Facebook followers to help him __37__ the dog. “She is my source of joy, so she is very __38__ to me，” Hoffman said.
The next day, Hoffman, who served in Afghanistan for eight years, had to __39__ the US. “I told myself that I would never __40__ looking for Bridget unless two situations appeared: She came back home __41__ I knew with certainty that she was __42__，” he said.
After Bridget went missing, Hoffman called the local police. He asked the police __43__ they could share his story with the public. They __44__. Then Hoffman __45__ more than 100 cards __46__ Bridget's photo and advertised a “large reward (赏金)” for her __47__. Hoffman also created a Facebook group called Bring Bridget Back in the hope of gathering more information for his __48__.
On the morning of Christmas Eve, Hoffman's efforts __49__. “One of my Facebook followers left a __50__ for me. He said he had seen Bridget，” Hoffman said. “She was __51__ by the side of the road as if she had fallen asleep.” Hoffman was very __52__ and then immediately made contact (联系) with the man. Perhaps Bridget hadn't __53__ for days, so she looked very weak.
Hoffman said he was moved by the __54__ of strangers. It was a very special Christmas. “I was full of __55__ when I saw Bridget，” Hoffman said.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在好心人的帮助下，Geoff Hoffman找到丢失的狗的故事。
36．A.finally B．immediately
C．frequently D．actually
答案与解析：B 根据下文的内容可知，Bridget是Hoffman快乐的源泉，对他非常重要，所以他才会“立即”请求他的朋友包括他Facebook的粉丝们帮助他找狗。
37．A.find B．feed
C．train D．keep
答案与解析：A 根据上文的“Geoff Hoffman, discovered that his dog, Bridget, was lost after his home was broken into on Dec. 20.”可知，那天晚上，Hoffman立即请求他的朋友包括他Facebook的粉丝们帮助他“找”狗。
38．A.friendly B．rude
C．grateful D．important
答案与解析：D 根据上文的“She is my source of joy, so...”可知，这条狗对Hoffman来说非常“重要”。
39．A.visit B．protect
C．leave D．develop
答案与解析：C 根据语境可知，Hoffman在阿富汗服役八年。第二天，他不得不“离开”美国。
40．A.suggest B．stop
C．consider D．regret
答案与解析：B 根据下文的内容可知，Hoffman告诉他自己：只有两种情况下，他才会“停止”寻找Bridget。
41．A.or B．and
C．until D．unless
答案与解析：A 根据语境可知，这两种情况是Bridget回家“或者”Hoffman确认Bridget已经死亡。
42．A.blind B．disabled
C．dead D．sick
答案与解析：C 根据语境可知，这两种情况是Bridget回家或者Hoffman确认Bridget已经“死亡”。
43．A.how B．when
C．whether D．where
答案与解析：C 根据上下文的内容可知，Hoffman问警察“是否”可以向公众分享他的故事。
44．A.changed B．complained
C．wondered D．agreed
答案与解析：D 根据下文的内容可知，警察“同意”了。
45．A.printed B．donated
C．collected D．borrowed
答案与解析：A 根据语境可知，Hoffman“印制”了100多张附有Bridget照片的卡片。
46．A.in B．on
C．with D．about
答案与解析：C 根据语境可知，Hoffman印制了100多张“附有”Bridget照片的卡片，这里用with。
47．A.work B．return
C．care D．role
答案与解析：B 根据语境可知，这里指为了能让Bridget“返回”而登悬赏广告。
48．A.study B．experiment
C．story D．search
答案与解析：D 根据语境可知，Hoffman还创建了名叫Bring Bridget Back的Facebook小组织，希望能为他的“寻找”收集更多的信息。
49．A.went away B．slowed down
C．paid off D．went ahead
答案与解析：C 根据语境可知，Hoffman的付出得到了“回报”。
50．A.letter B．message
C．gift D．bill
答案与解析：B 根据上文的“One of my Facebook followers...”可知，Hoffman的一个Facebook粉丝给他留了个“消息”，说他看到了Bridget。
51．A.lying B．shouting
C．standing D．walking
答案与解析：A 根据下文的“... as if she had fallen asleep..”可知，Bridget“躺”在路边像睡着了。
52．A.sad B．excited
C．worried D．calm
答案与解析：B 根据语境可知，Hoffman非常“激动”。
53．A.swum B．climbed
C．slept D．eaten
答案与解析：D 根据下文的“... so she looked very weak.”可知，也许Bridget几天没“吃”东西了，所以她看起来非常虚弱。
54．A.kindness B．praise
C．patience D．attention
答案与解析：A 根据语境可知，陌生人的“善良”行为使Hoffman非常感动。
55．A.hope B．anger
C．happiness D．confidence
答案与解析：C 根据语境可知，Hoffman看到Bridget的时候非常“高兴”。
非选择题部分
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sarah Jayne is a twenty-year-old girl from the U．K. After she read the book Pay It Forward, she realized that our world would become a much 56.________ (good) place if everyone could do three favors (善意的行为) for others. She lost her father 57.________ the age of eight, so she felt pity for her friend's children whose dad died 58.________ (recent). Sarah talked and played with the children to make their mother's life easier.
This “success” led to the second favor, which was to set up a counseling (咨询) service at her school 59.________ (help) improve the students' mental (心理的) health. Her third favor was for a neighbor, an old woman named Anna who lost 60.________ (she) eyesight. It was Anna that 61.________ (introduce) the book Pay it Forward to Sarah two months ago. As she loved reading, it was 62.________real act of kindness to spend time 63.________ (read) out loud for the neighbor and keeping her company every night.
Sarah said, “I couldn't believe at first how three small favors could make a big 64.________ (different)．All the people 65.________ were helped by me have promised to pay favors forward.”
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文，主题语境是社会服务。文章主要介绍了一个英国女孩因为读了一本书后做了三个善举，并使得受助者也愿意去帮助别人。
56．答案与解析：better 根据该空前的much可知，该空应用形容词的比较级，故填better。
57．答案与解析：at at the age of表示“在……岁时”。
58．答案与解析：recently 该空应用副词修饰动词，故填recently。
59．答案与解析：to help 该空用动词不定式表目的，故填to help。
60．答案与解析：her 该空应用形容词性物主代词修饰eyesight。
61．答案与解析：introduced 根据“two months ago”可知，说的是发生在过去的一件事，所以用动词的一般过去时，故填introduced。
62．答案与解析：a act表示“行为；举动”时为可数名词，此处表示“一个”，real为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
63．答案与解析：reading spend time doing sth.表示“花时间做某事”。
64．答案与解析：difference make a big difference表示“有很大影响”。
65．答案与解析：who 先行词为All the people，关系词引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，故填who。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
假定你是李华，以下是你的英国笔友Tom给你的邮件中的部分内容。请根据节选内容用英语给他回一封邮件。
My parents want me to go on holiday with them this weekend but I'd prefer to go somewhere with my friends. I have to choose. What do you think I should do？
注意：
1．词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数)；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom，
How are you doing?
_______________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
答案：
Dear Tom，
How are you doing?
In the e-mail you asked about your holiday. In my opinion, if I were you, I'd go with my family, because you told me your parents were always busy and you couldn't talk with them often. Why don't you take the chance and go with them? You can have a nice talk with your parents. Last time you told me you would start learning to swim next weekend, and you'll be much busier than now, so I'd advise you to go with your family.
Hope to hear from you soon.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
When I saw her tonight, she recognized me and smiled sweetly. I smiled back at her. She looked more relaxed even though she was still busy doing her_job. I had noticed her several times during the last few months and she looks so much happier now. Tonight when I talked with her, I noticed her name tag. Her name is Pamela.
Pamela works at the express checkouts (结账处) in a busy supermarket. She deals_with problems when the self-serve checkout has a problem (no price tag on the product, machine problems, etc.). She monitors these checkouts and often she had hardly dealt with one complaint (抱怨) before another appeared.
When I first talked to Pamela, I called her to the checkout I was using. There wasn't any problem with the checkout though. My problem or should I say care was about Pamela. She looked tired and was under a lot of stress as she quickly moved from one checkout to the next. It's a bit of a fire-fighting job.
I told Pamela that she needed to slow_down. I told her that we, the customers,_could wait and it was very bad for her health to put herself under too much pressure. I told her that customers' expectations (期望) were not as high as she had imagined. Pamela told me she would follow my advice. I could tell she was touched — not only did I notice her stress but I chose to talk to her about it. I was concerned about her well-being. I gently told her that things had to be changed. I also told her I would pay more attention to her in future to see if she would make any changes. She smiled and said, “I promise I will.”
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
When I saw her, she was still doing her job but there was such a difference.______________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
I am proud of myself.____________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
答案：
Paragraph 1：
When I saw her, she was still doing her job but there was such a difference. Now Pamela said that customers would just wait their turn when she was dealing_with another customer. She also solved the machine problems in order. She was cool and calm in her_job. I was happy to see these changes in her tonight and I praised her. She told me that not only did she tell her husband what I had said, but she also shared it with a lot of her partners.
Paragraph 2：
I am proud of myself. I walked away from Pamela with a light heart. She has listened to me and in turn encouraged her partners to slow_down and reminded them to care about their health. I have succeeded in helping Pamela to reduce stress and feel relaxed. Most importantly, it seemed that I also helped others at the same time. We are very small, but we are capable of big things. I really feel very happy and satisfied.
课件18张PPT。课时作业 4
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
A year back I received a full scholarship (奖学金) to attend the University of San Francisco. All of my hard work paid off. My mom had spent a lot on my attending a private high school, so I made sure to push myself: I volunteered, took part in various clubs, and graduated with honors. I was so excited to start a new part of my life.
Soon enough, the big day came, but it wasn't like what I had thought. The first two weeks were the most difficult days of my entire life. Every night I would cry myself to sleep. I was missing my family, my home and everything in my hometown so much and I didn't know how to deal with my broken heart.
To_distract_myself,_I threw myself into my studies. I also found a ton of jobs. In any free time, I started forcing myself to go to the gym. I wanted to keep every part of my day busy so I wouldn't think about how lonely I felt. Soon after, I began to control my eating, considering it another solution to my homesickness(想家). But soon there was something wrong with me.
Finally, I went to see a doctor. When the doctor told me I had no choice but to take time away from school, I started to fear. How could I stop? School was what I was best at. “I'm not so bad，” I thought in my head. But the result was that I was taken to hospital again a month later and my mother came heartbrokenly. I had to take a semester off from school, and go to the treatment center near my home.
If there are girls who are suffering similarly, I hope you know that there is hope and that you should have a positive attitude towards life. Though you may feel alone, there are so many people who can understand your struggle. That's why I want to share my story.
【语篇解读】 导语：本文是一篇记叙文。作者进入大学后非常想家，努力克服但效果甚微，最后导致身体不好不得不退学休养。
1．What can we know about the author in high school?
A．She studied very hard.
B．She disliked volunteering.
C．Her parents controlled much of her life.
D．Her family made her feel under pressure.
答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第一段的“A year back I received a full scholarship to attend the University of San Francisco. All of my hard work paid off.”可知，作者在高中时期学习很努力。
2．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?
A．To prove my ability.
B．To improve my studies.
C．To earn money by myself.
D．To draw my attention away from homesickness.
答案与解析：D 句意理解题。根据画线部分后的“I threw myself into my studies. I also found a ton of jobs...”可知，作者投入学习，并且找了很多工作，空闲时间还去健身，这些都是为了使自己忙起来，从而转移自己想家的注意力。
3．What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?
A．To look back on her past life.
B．To increase her own confidence.
C．To express appreciation to her mother.
D．To encourage other girls like her to be positive.
答案与解析：D 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段内容尤其是“If there are girls who are suffering similarly, I hope you know that there is hope and that you should have a positive attitude towards life.”可知，作者写这篇文章主要是为了鼓励跟她有着相似经历的女孩子积极面对生活。
B
“I feel unlikable, lonely and hopeless，” said Lisa, a bright teenager from a loving home. “It seems that nobody wants to become my friend. What's wrong with me？”
Like Lisa, many of us experience loneliness. The truth is that all people, no matter what their age or character — even the most outgoing, wealthy and popular — experience loneliness at least sometimes. It's healthy and natural to want to be around people who care. After all, we've all heard “No man is an island.” That's true. We all need others in our lives.
Solomon, the wisest man who ever lived, explains that if we want friends, we must be friendly and reach out to others. But it has risk. Because we are often afraid of rejection (拒绝), many of us are unwilling to reach out to others. We take a safer way and wait for others to make friends with us. But if we want friends, we've got to get beyond this.
If making friends is your goal as well, you need to consider taking some measures (措施)．
Be willing to take the initiative (主动权). If you see someone whom you would like to know, don't wait for her to make the first move. Get close to her and begin a conversation. Let her know in a non-aggressive (无攻击性的) way that you are interested in being friends with her.
Reach out to those who are lonely. When you see someone at school sitting alone, go over and talk to her. And don't let popularity decide whom you reach out to. You'll often be surprised at the beautiful qualities behind a shy appearance.
Ask questions. Start your first conversation by asking this possible friend what she likes to do or asking about her family. Be sure to ask questions that cannot be replied with “yes” or “no”. For example, don't ask “Do you have a dog？” Instead, say “So, tell me about your pets.” Avoiding asking “yes” or “no” questions makes your possible friend not end your communication with a one-word answer.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了朋友的重要性以及如何结交朋友。
4．Why does the author begin the text with Lisa's worry?
A．To set a sad tone.
B．To share Lisa's pain.
C．To introduce the topic.
D．To teach readers a lesson.
答案与解析：C 写作意图题。根据文章内容可知，作者用Lisa缺少朋友的忧虑开篇是为了引出本文的话题：友谊。
5．What can be a risk caused by reaching out to others according to the passage?
A．Being refused by others.
B．Putting ourselves in danger.
C．Being treated in a rude way.
D．Losing interest in communicating.
答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Because we are often afraid of rejection, many of us are unwilling to reach out to others.”可知，主动出击的风险是可能被他人拒绝。
6．What can we know from Paragraph 5?
A．Shy people are hard to talk to.
B．Popular people are often easy-going.
C．Just waiting for chances will waste our time.
D．A proper manner is important in making friends.
答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第五段的“Let her know in a non-aggressive manner that you are interested in being friends with her.”可知，交朋友时方式方法很重要。
7．Why does the author suggest not asking “yes” or “no” questions?
A．It is considered unfriendly.
B．It will leave a bad first impression.
C．It shows the poor quality of the speaker.
D．It isn't good for keeping a conversation going.
答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Avoiding asking ‘yes’ or ‘no’ questions makes your possible friend not end your communication with a one-word answer.”可知，问对方能用yes或no回答的问题不利于展开对话。
Ⅱ.完形填空
It was the last day of school. The teacher walked around the class and __1__ each student a piece of paper except me. It was everybody's __2__ for the year. I knew that I __3__ the class because I couldn't read. I was __4__ of being asked to come up in front of the class and read.
Suddenly the __5__ bell rang. My seat was next to the door so I just ran out of class across the playground until the fence (栅栏) of our school. I sat on the grass with my head in my knees and burst out __6__. A couple of minutes later I heard the crinkle (沙沙声) of a lunch bag and then __7__. I saw a girl in my class __8__ out my lunch. She set it down next to me then and didn't say a word. She __9__ sat with me till the bell rang. On the way back she put her arm around me. “You might not __10__ so well but I think you are a(n) __11__ painter in the class，” she said __12__. “My mom always tells me if I do the best I can, I will be better，” she added.
The rest of the day I was lost in thought __13__ I had drawn a picture of a black horse __14__ to reach some grass on the other side of a fence. When the last bell rang, I went to her __15__ where she was talking with her __16__ and put the picture down. I could hear the girls talking about the __17__ as I walked away. That __18__ a lot to me because it reminded (提醒) me that I was __19__ something. At the same time, I also __20__ that I wasn't doing the best I could.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文，主题语境是学习。考试没有通过，作者感到非常难过，在同学的安慰和启发下，作者认识到自己的问题，决心尽自己最大的努力把事情做好。
1．A.chose B．returned
C．gave D．made
答案与解析：C 根据上文“It was the last day of school，walked around the class”及下文内容可知，老师给了除了作者以外的每人一张纸。
2．A.grades B．wishes
C．promises D．schedules
答案与解析：A 根据上文“It was the last day of school”和下文“for the year”可知，这张纸上是每个学生的成绩。
3．A.liked B．took
C．failed D．organized
答案与解析：C 由下文“because I couldn't read”可知，作者考试不及格。
4．A.certain B．afraid
C．free D．careful
答案与解析：B 由上文“because I couldn't read”可知，作者害怕被叫到前面去在全班同学面前阅读。
5．A.warning B．door
C．bicycle D．lunch
答案与解析：D 由下文“a lunch bag”可知，午餐的铃声响了。
6．A.crying B．laughing
C．shouting D．singing
答案与解析：A 根据上文“I sat on the grass with my head in my knees”及作者没有通过考试可知，作者突然伤心地大哭起来。
7．A.gave up B．set out
C．went on D．looked up
答案与解析：D 由上文“I sat on the grass with my head in my knees”及下文的“I saw a girl”可知，作者抬起头看到一个女孩。
8．A.pushing B．moving
C．throwing D．holding
答案与解析：D 由上文作者没有吃午餐就跑出教室及下文女孩对作者的鼓励可知，女孩拿出作者的午餐。
9．A.ever B．just
C．also D．still
答案与解析：B 根据上文“She set it down next to me then and didn't say a word”可知，女孩放下午餐，没有说任何话，只是和作者一直待到上课铃声响起。
10．A.run B．speak
C．read D．dance
答案与解析：C 由上文“because I couldn't read”可知，作者阅读不好。
11．A.lucky B．excellent
C．quiet D．active
答案与解析：B 根据下文“I had drawn a picture of a black horse”可知，女孩认为作者是一位非常优秀的画家。
12．A.fluently B．nervously
C．sincerely D．quickly
答案与解析：C 由下文女孩的话对作者的影响可知，女孩安慰作者时的态度是非常诚恳的。
13．A.but B．and
C．so D．or
答案与解析：A 根据语境可知，此处表转折，作者陷入深思，然而却画了一幅画。
14．A.refusing B．fearing
C．learning D．trying
答案与解析：D 上文中提到作者跑向栅栏，再结合女孩提到的她妈妈常对她说的话可知，画中的马竭尽全力到栅栏那边寻找绿草。
15．A.shop B．home
C．office D．desk
答案与解析：D 由上文“When the last bell rang”可知，作者走到女孩的座位旁。
16．A.teachers B．parents
C．friends D．students
答案与解析：C 由下文“I could hear the girls talking about”可知，女孩在和好朋友们交谈。
17．A.homework B．picture
C．problem D．accident
答案与解析：B 根据上文的“put the picture down”可知，女孩们在谈论作者放下的那幅画。
18．A.showed B．meant
C．taught D．offered
答案与解析：B 由下文可知，这幅画让作者感悟颇多，所以对作者来说意义深远。
19．A.good at B．mad at
C．ready for D．grateful for
答案与解析：A 根据上文女孩认为作者画画很棒及reminded可知，作者也有擅长的东西。
20．A.realized B．explained
C．agreed D．forgot
答案与解析：A 根据上文女孩妈妈告诉女孩的话和下文“I wasn't doing the best I could”可知，作者意识到自己还没有做到最好。
课时作业 5
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
What a day! I started at my new school this morning and had the best time. I made lots of new friends and really liked my teachers. I was nervous the night before, but I had no reason to be. Everyone was so friendly and polite. They made me feel at ease. It was like I'd been at the school for a hundred years!
The day started very early at 7：00 am. I had my breakfast downstairs with my mom. She could tell that I was very nervous. Mom kept asking me what was wrong. She told me I had nothing to worry about and that everyone was going to love me. If they didn't love me, Mom said to send them her way for a good talking to. I couldn't stop laughing.
My mom dropped me off at the school gates about five minutes before the bell. A little blonde (金发的) girl got dropped off at the same time and started waving (招手) at me. She ran over and told me her name was Abigail. She was very nice and we became close straight away. We spent all morning together and began to talk to another girl called Stacey. The three of us sat together in class all day and we even made our way home together! It went so quickly. Our teacher told us that tomorrow we would really start learning and developing new skills.
I cannot wait until tomorrow and feel as though I am really going to enjoy my time at my new school. I only hope that my new friends feel the same way too.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。作者在文中主要描述了自己新学期的第一天。
1．How did the author feel the night before her new school?
A．Tired. B．Excited.
C．Worried. D．Relaxed.
答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据首段中的“I was nervous the night before”可知，作者在开学前夕感到紧张不安。
2．What did the author think of her mother's advice?
A．Clear. B．Funny.
C．Reasonable. D．Excellent.
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Mom said to send them her way for a good talking to. I couldn't stop laughing”可知，作者觉得妈妈说的话很好笑。
3．What happened on the author's first day of school?
A．She met many nice people.
B．She had a hurried breakfast.
C．She learned some new skills.
D．She arrived at school very early.
答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据首段中的“I made lots of new friends and really liked my teachers”和“Everyone was so friendly and polite. They made me feel at ease”以及下文作者详细介绍自己遇到的朋友可知，作者在开学第一天遇到很多友好亲切的人。
4．What can we infer about Abigail?
A．She disliked Stacey.
B．She was shy and quiet.
C．She got on well with the author.
D．She was an old friend of the author.
答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“She was very nice and we became close straight away. We spent all morning together”和“we even made our way home together”可知，Abigail和作者相处得非常好。
B
Researchers in Australia, who studied 1,500 people and their lifestyles, have found that having good friends can help you live longer. An American study of 10,000 students, over a period of 35 years, also found that if you make more friends than the average (普通的) person at school, you'll receive a higher salary (工资) in later life. People need good social skills at work to manage people and work in a team successfully. These are the same skills we use to make friends at school.
On average, teenagers aged between 15 and 17 have 500 “friends” on their favourite social networking site. Adults (成年人) have 130. So if you believe this research, you might live for a long time and be very rich.
However, according to Professor Robin Dunbar from the University of Oxford, it probably won't make any difference. Dunbar studied the number of messages between users of a popular social networking website, each of whom had between 200 and 2,000 friends. He found that they always communicate with a maximum (最大量) of 150 people.
Among these 150, Dunbar believes that around five people are close friends. You've most likely known them for a long time; they are probably old friends and you share all your good and bad experiences with them. Then there are ten more friends. Although they're close to you, you may not keep in touch with them every week. Next there are 35 people who you might spend time with because of a shared interest. You aren't close. And finally, there's a large group of 100. You see or speak to these people at least once a year, but you don't know them well. Beyond (超过) this_number,_Dunbar says, it's impossible to make any relationship meaningful.
If you have a lot of online “friends”， try this experiment: First take away anyone you haven't been in touch with for a year. Then remove people you can't remember and, finally, take away friends who you wouldn't mind losing touch with. How many do you have left? How many of these people are actually good friends? According to the research, these are the only people that really matter.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。研究表明，朋友的质量比数量更重要。
5．What are the studies mentioned in the first paragraph mainly about?
A．The number of friends you should have.
B．The advantages of having a lot of friends.
C．Some social skills you may need at work.
D．Some useful advice on how to make friends.
答案与解析：B 推理判断题。由第一段中的“Researchers in Australia... found that having good friends can help you live longer”和“American study... found that if you make more friends... you'll receive a higher salary in later life”可知，交友可以对人的身心健康和财富产生正面的影响，故这两项研究是有关拥有好友的好处。
6．According to the American study, the most popular students at school ________.
A．are likely to spend more money
B．may not be as popular at work
C．seem to get better-paid jobs
D．will work harder in later years
答案与解析：C 推理判断题。由第一段中的“if you make more friends...you'll receive a higher salary in later life. People need good social skills at work... the same skills we use to make friends at school”可知，美国一项研究发现在校受欢迎的人具有较强的社交能力，他们在今后可能会获得高薪工作。
7．What does the underlined part “this number” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A．10. B．35.
C．100. D．150.
答案与解析：D 篇章结构题。文章第三、四段是对Dunbar教授关于交友数量研究的介绍。由第三段中的“they always communicate with a maximum of 150 people”和第四段中的“Among these 150”可知，Dunbar教授认为人们通常能与最多150个人进行交流，超过这个数，有些联系则无实际意义了。
8．What does the text mainly want to show?
A．You need to spend more time with your friends.
B．There is a lot of research on the influence of friends.
C．Friends are sometimes more important than family.
D．It's more important to have good friends than lots of friends.
答案与解析：D 主旨大意题。由最后一段作者的建议“try this experiment：... these are the only people that really matter”可知，本文通过研究告诉读者，朋友的质量要比朋友的数量更重要。
Ⅱ.七选五
Self-love is the key to a happy life. After we have learned how to love ourselves, we will be able to love others. __1__ You have to learn some steps to develop self-love.
Accept yourself the way you are. Every person has his or her own advantages and disadvantages. Our advantages make us proud but our disadvantages make us unhappy. This isn't the right attitude towards life. __2__ In fact, no one on this earth is perfect. The key is to achieve a better balance (平衡) and try to be as happy as possible.
Stop worrying. __3__ It won't help you get the solution (解决办法). In fact, it will make you very unhappy. So, don't let your worries influence you. This will help you face the difficulties of life more positively.
Enjoy life. Take part in activities that you love and develop a hobby. __4__ Take some time to enjoy them at least once a week. This way you are doing something that you are good at, which will make you feel good about yourself，and make you start loving life and everyone and everything in it.
__5__ If your body is weak and suffering from some health problems，you aren't going to like anything about it. So you must take good care of your health. It includes eating fresh healthy food, taking enough rest and doing exercise.
A．Live a healthy lifestyle.
B．Make efforts to improve yourself.
C．It will hold you back from loving yourself.
D．They can be anything that makes you happy.
E．Worrying about a problem won't let you think clearly.
F．However, learning to love yourself isn't going to be easy.
G．The correct thing to do is accept the fact that you aren't perfect.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文，主题语境是完善自我。本文主要介绍了如何爱自己。
1．答案与解析：F 该空上一句提到爱自己对拥有快乐的人生很重要，但学会爱自己也是一件不容易的事，你需要掌握一些方法，故选F项。
2．答案与解析：G 该空前一句说这不是对待生活的正确态度，后一句说世界上没有一个人是完美的，所以G项“正确的做法是接受你并不完美这一事实”符合语境。
3．答案与解析：E 根据该段的主题句和该空后的“It won't help you get the solution”可知，担忧会让人的思维受阻。
4．答案与解析：D 该空前一句提到了参加自己喜欢的活动或培养一个爱好，该空在解释应该参加什么样的活动和培养什么样的爱好，再结合本段的主题句可知，只要是能让你开心的活动和爱好，什么都可以。
5．答案与解析：A 该空为该段的主题句，根据该段中出现的“take good care of your health”及“eating fresh healthy food, taking enough rest and doing exercise”可知，该段内容与拥有健康的生活方式有关，故选A项。
课时作业 6
阅读理解
A
Like any new ninth-grader on the first day of school, Joemar Class had ninth-grader emotion (情绪). He's not used to school in Hartford. He's used to going to school in his hometown of Florida, used to seeing his friends, used to having class in Spanish.
“Nervioso，”he said in Spanish.
We first met Joemar in mid-October in the San Juan Airport. His father, Guillermo Class, had sold his car to buy plane tickets to get his kids and fly them up from Puerto Rico. The island was almost destroyed (毁坏) by the deadly storm — Hurricane Maria.
Now, they are settling into their new home in Hartford's South End. A week later, and, using his wife's car, Class drove 16-year-old Joemar to his first day at Bulkeley High School. After a short ride, he got out in front of his new school. Inside, he met Gretchen Levitz — the school's program director.
“I see you have a new uniform (校服)，” Levitz said. “You look great. Are you ready for a good first day？”
Then he met a couple of teachers.
“Hello，” they each said in Spanish. They asked where he's from, and told him they were happy to see him. Then, Levitz took him on a quick tour of the school before classes began — to her office, the school store, the library, and the dining hall.
A total of 19 languages are spoken in Bulkeley High School. “We have so many new students coming here from other countries every single day，” Levitz said. “So it's not like he's the only one who has that feeling.”
“You could tell he's a little worried，” Guillermo said as we left. “But, at the same time, he's looking forward to it.”
【语篇解读】 本文是新闻报道。文章主要报道了一名十六岁的男孩转校上学第一天的经历。
1．What kind of feeling did Joemar have on his first day of school?
A．Angry. B．Excited.
C．Nervous. D．Relaxed.
答案与解析：C 细节理解题。由第一段中的“He's not used to school in Hartford”、第二段“‘Nervioso，’ he said in Spanish”以及最后一段中的“he's a little worried”可知，到新学校的第一天Joemar感到紧张不安。
2．Why did Joemar leave Florida?
A．His old school closed down.
B．He wanted to see his mother.
C．He expected to have a new life.
D．His town was hit by a terrible storm.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。由第一段中的“his hometown of Florida”和第三段中的“fly them up from Puerto Rico. The island was almost destroyed by the deadly storm”可知，Joemar的家乡遭遇了飓风的袭击。
3．What did Joemar do before he walked into his new classroom?
A．He had a long talk with his father.
B．He learned some simple Spanish words.
C．He said hello to some of his classmates.
D．He had a short look around his new school.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“Levitz took him on a quick tour of the school before classes began”可知，Joemar走进教室之前在Levitz的指引下简单在学校转了转。
4．What can we learn about Bulkeley High School?
A．It has no library.
B．It is an international school.
C．It plans to open Spanish classes.
D．It requires all students to wear uniforms.
答案与解析：B 推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“A total of 19 languages are spoken in Bulkeley High School ... have so many new students coming here from other countries”可知，该校是一所国际学校。
B
I came to the United States ten years ago. I would always say that I was trying to study, but there were always things like work and my kids that would not allow me to start.
Now I realized that those were only excuses. What stopped me was that I was afraid to start studying again. I always believed I would learn by myself.
One day, however, my son told me that he was sad because his friends would come over and I didn't understand them because I didn't speak English. He was also sad because I could never help him with his homework. That same day, I told myself, “Rocio, you have to start believing in yourself and you will see you can make it.”
The next day, I went downtown to look for a big banner (横幅) in front of the school which said that they offered classes for adults. I came in to see if I could join, but the classes were closed already. That night I took the kids to the movies, and on the way back, I told them we would take a new route. I ended up getting lost. That's the way I found Chaffey College. The following Monday, I went to ask for information. They told me that summer school was starting that week.
That's how I started studying English last summer. It is difficult, but I have had great rewards. My daughter had written a story for school. It was about the female they most admired and why. She wrote that I was the person she most admired because I had started going to college. I will never forget this.
【语篇解读】 十年前作者来到美国，由于工作和生活中的琐事一直不能学习。直到有一天儿子跟作者说他很伤心，因为作者英文差，听不懂他的朋友们所说的话，而且也不能帮助他做作业。从那时起，作者开始下决心学英文。
5．According to the passage, the author probably is a ________.
A．teacher B．doctor
C．father D．mother
答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“My daughter had written a story for school. It was about the female they most admired and why. She wrote that I was the person she most admired...”可知，作者是一位妈妈。选D项。
6．What made the author make up her mind to study English?
A．What her son said.
B．What her daughter said.
C．Thinking about herself.
D．Thinking about her daughter.
答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知，作者的儿子告诉她因为她英文差所以不能理解他的朋友们所说的话，而且作者也不能帮助他做作业。从那时起，作者开始下决心学英文。选A项。
7．How did they find Chaffey College?
A．On the way to the movies.
B．They took a new route and got lost.
C．Ask a stranger for information.
D．According to the banner.
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“That night I took the kids to the movies, and on the way back, I told them we would take a new route. I ended up getting lost. That's the way I found Chaffey College. ”可知，作者他们找到查菲学院是因他们走了新路线而迷路所致。选B项。
8．Which of the following is NOT true?
A．The author came to the United States from another country.
B．The author had two children including one daughter.
C．What really changed the author's life was that she believed in herself.
D．The author wrote that she was the person her son most admired.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知，是作者的女儿而不是儿子写了一篇作文，说作者是她最敬佩的人。选D项。
C
A recent study followed nearly 1,500 old people for 10 years. It found that those who had a large network of friends lived longer than those with fewer friends by more than 20%.This study isn't the only one that shows friendships can be good for our health.
Lots of research has shown social support and good health are connected. One recent study focuses on people with ovarian cancer. It says those with lots of social support had much lower levels of a protein connected to more dangerous cancers. This made their treatments (治疗) work better. In another study, women with breast cancer in a support group lived twice as long as those not in a support group. They also had much less pain.
Sheldon Cohen, a professor at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, says strong social support helps people deal with stress. “There may be more benefits as well，” Cohen says. “Friends encourage you to look after yourself better. And people with more friends have higher self-confidence, so they feel they have more control over their lives.”
Other studies show people with fewer friends are likely to die sooner after having a heart attack, compared with people having a strong social network. Having lots of friends may even lower your chance of catching a cold. “People with social support have fewer immune (免疫的) problems and lower levels of stress，” says Tasha Howe, who works at Humboldt State University. “We are social animals, and we were born to be in groups，” Howe says. “We have always needed others to survive better. It's in our genes.” People with a big social group are likely to be more at peace, which leads to better health, Howe says.
【语篇解读】 多项研究表明，拥有朋友对我们的健康有益。
9．What does it mean when people have high levels of the protein mentioned in Paragraph 2?
A．They have a stronger social network.
B．The treatments for cancers work better.
C．They have low risk of developing cancer.
D．They have high risk of developing dangerous cancers.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段的“It says those with lots of social support had much lower levels of a protein connected to more dangerous cancers.”可知，这种蛋白质的水平高意味着引发更危险癌症的风险高。
10．What does the underlined word “benefits” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Advantages. B．Stresses.
C．Methods. D．Concerns.
答案与解析：A 词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的“strong social support helps people deal with stress”以及后面的“Friends encourage you to look after yourself better...”可推断，这里是指拥有朋友还有其他一些好处。
11．What can we infer from Tasha Howe's words?
A．Humans really need friends.
B．Humans should live peacefully.
C．Certain stress is good for our health.
D．There are many ways to have good health.
答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第四段“Tasha Howe”所说的话可知，人类天生就是社会性的动物，我们需要彼此才能更好地生活，所以我们真的需要朋友。
