(共61张PPT)
Unit 4 Earthquakes
单词注释
难句剖析
导读诱思
2015年4月25日,尼泊尔发生里氏8.1级特大地震。塞西莉亚和弟弟山姆亲身经历了这次地震并记录下了他们的所见所闻和感受。
Two kids experience Nepal earthquake
“Ceci,take care!It’s an earthquake!”That’s what Cecilia Wallace heard her mother shouting on the afternoon of April 25th.
Cecilia was a 7th-grader.She,her parents and her brother,Sam,were in Nepal’s capital city,Kathmandu.A big earthquake hit Nepal that day.
“It was so frightening,”Sam wrote.“The shaking was so huge that I will never go on a fair ride again.”
Cecilia and Sam wrote about their earthquake experiences.Their reports were later posted on the website.
单词注释
难句剖析
导读诱思
Cecilia,Sam and their parents were staying in an apartment on the 15th floor of a building.They were lucky.Their building stayed standing,because it was built to withstand1 earthquakes.
Not everyone was as fortunate as the Wallace family.Thousands of people died.Many older buildings collapsed2 during the earthquake.
The damage in Kathmandu wasn’t as bad as in other parts of Nepal.So the supermarkets were open for business on the afternoon of that day.But it wasn’t business as usual.“The supermarkets have been crazy with people rushing to buy their food for the next while,”Sam wrote.
单词注释
难句剖析
导读诱思
Not everyone was able to get money to buy food that afternoon.So Cecilia and Sam made food bags to give out to people who were begging outside the supermarket.“We gave some to a kid who was my age.I made sure he got cookies and bread.”Sam and Cecilia’s mother wrote that the kids also collected money for the Red Cross.
It’s certainly an experience Cecilia,Sam and their parents will never forget.Thankfully,they lived to tell their stories.
单词注释
难句剖析
导读诱思
1.withstand /wI??st?nd/ v.承受
2.collapse /k??l?ps/ v.倒塌
难句剖析
导读诱思
单词注释
“The supermarkets have been crazy with people rushing to buy their food for the next while,”Sam wrote.
译文:山姆写道:“超市里挤满了人,他们匆忙购买食物为后面一段时间做储备。”
剖析:句中rushing to buy their food for the next while 是动词的-ing形式短语做定语,修饰people。
难句剖析
导读诱思
单词注释
1.What protected Sam’s family from being injured?
2.What did Cecilia and Sam do to help others?
答案:The apartment they lived was built to withstand earthquakes.
答案:They made food bags to give out to those begging outside the supermarket.They also collected money for the Red Cross.
Section Ⅰ— Warming Up, Pre-reading,
Reading & Comprehending
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一、看下面的图片, 回答下列问题
自然灾害对人类社会所造成的危害往往是触目惊心的。它们之中既有地震、火山爆发、泥石流、海啸、台风、洪水等突发性灾害, 也有地面沉降、土地沙漠化、干旱等在较长时间中才能逐渐显现的渐变性灾害。看看下面的几幅图片, 回答问题。
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1.What disasters are they?
A.Earthquake B.Flood C.Volcano eruption D.Drought E.Tsunami
① ② ③ ?
④ ⑤ ?
2.What disasters have you ever experienced?When?
答案:略
C
E
A
B
D
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二、将单词或短语与相对应的释义搭配起来
A B
1.right away a. (to be) over
2.a great number of b.to surprise greatly
3.at an end c.to damage badly
4.shock d.immediately; in no time
5.destroy e.to break out
6.burst f.a lot of; many
答案:1.d 2.f 3.a 4.b 5.c 6.e
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三、阅读课文,判断下列说法的正(T)误(F)
1.People in Tangshan were warned of the earthquake and didn’t go to bed.( )
2.People in Beijing also felt the earthquake.( )
3.More than 400,000 people were killed in the quake.( )
4.Many rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins during the aftershock.( )
5.People tried to get fresh water from under the ground in Tangshan.( )
F
T
F
T
F
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四、阅读课文A NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEP, 回答下列问题
1.Why did strange things happen in the countryside of northeast Hebei?
A.Because the people there did something wrong.
B.Because a terrible earthquake would happen.
C.Because the earth was not satisfied with the people there.
D.Because something good would happen.
答案:B
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2.When did the greatest earthquake happen?
A.At 3:00 am on July 28,1976.
B.At 3:42 am on July 28,1976.
C.At 3:00 am on July 29,1976.
D.At 3:42 am on July 29,1976.
3.What was the result of the earthquake?
A.Luckily, the city’s hospitals survived.
B.All of the city’s factories were gone.
C.Most of homes were gone.
D.The wind could blow the bricks on the ground away.
答案:B
答案:C
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4.Who played the most important part in helping the people in the earthquake?
A.The soldiers and the rescue workers.
B.The college students.
C.The miners in the coal mines.
D.The farmers and the teachers.
答案:A
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五、根据课文内容填空
Several days before July 28,1976,many strange things happened in Tangshan.The water in the village wells 1. (rise) and fell.The water pipes in some buildings cracked and 2. (burst).They were signs for the earthquake.But people in the city didn’t think much 3.
these events.At 3:42 am that day,the earth began to shake,4. destroyed the city.Many people,5.
(include) rescue workers and doctors,came to rescue those 6.
(trap) under the ruins.7. (late) that afternoon,another big quake shook Tangshan.More people 8. (kill) or injured and 9. (many) buildings fell down.Soldiers were called in to help the rescue workers. The army organized teams 10.
(dig) out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.?
rose
burst
of
which
including
trapped
Later
were killed
more
to bury
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1.Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.
想象你的房子开始摇晃, 你必须立刻离开。
考点一imagine v.想象
Can you imagine the life in 2050?
你能想象2050年的生活吗?
Imagine yourself to be rich and famous.
想象一下你既有钱又出名的情况。
Can you imagine a 60-year-old Japanese floating two days alone in the sea?
你能想象一位60岁的日本人独自一人在海上漂流了两天的情景吗?
I can’t imagine living in ancient times.
我很难想象生活在古代会是什么样。
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【高考典句】(2015·北京高考)Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?
如果没有这样的想法和发明你能想象出我们的世界会是什么样吗?
归纳 imagine后可接名词、代词、动词-ing形式和句子做宾语; imagine sb/sb’s doing sth 的含义是 “想象某人做某事”。imagine sb to be的含义是“想象某人是”。
考点二right away立刻; 马上
【高考典句】(2018·浙江高考)By the time I got home,I only had a few hours to do my homework,and I had to do it right away.
当我到家的时候,我只有几个小时的时间做作业,我不得不马上就做。
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活学活用
语法填空
1)—Look!He’s running so fast!
—Hard (imagine) his legs were once broken.?
2)—There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man.
—My goodness!I can’t imagine (be) that old.?
3)It is difficult to imagine his (accept) the decision without any consideration.?
完成句子
4)时间不早了,你最好马上开始。
It’s not early,so you’d better start .?
5)一旦机器开始工作,你就不能立刻把它停下来。
Once the machine begins to work, you can’t .?
to imagine
being
accepting
right away
stop it right away
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2.In the farmyards,the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.
农家大院里的鸡,甚至猪都紧张得不吃食。
考点too ...to ...太……而不能……,相当于not ...enough to ...或者so ...that ...句型。
It’s too late to do anything about it now.
现在进行任何补救都为时太晚。
She is too short to reach the book on the shelf.
=She is not tall enough to reach the book on the shelf.
=She is so short that she can’t reach the book on the shelf.
她太矮了,够不着架子上的书。
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too与can’t连用,构成can’t ...too ...句型,表示“越……越好”“再……也不过分”,相当于can’t ...enough。
You can’t/can never be too careful(=You can never be careful enough)to do your homework.
你做作业越细心越好(=你做作业无论怎样细心都不过分)。
You can’t/can never be too careful when driving.=You can’t be careful enough when driving.
开车的时候再小心也不为过。
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活学活用
完成句子
1)我太过于忙一些重要的工作,从未想过旅游。
I’m with some important work to think of travelling!?
2)商店经理总是告诫她的售货员,“我们对顾客越有礼貌越好”。
The shop manager always says to her assistants,“We
to our customers.”?
too busy
can never be too polite/can never be polite enough
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同义句转换
3)The job is so difficult that we cannot finish it in two days.
The job is difficult for us in two days.?
4)As an old saying goes,“A person can never be too rich.”
As an old saying goes,“A person can never .”?
too
to finish
be rich enough
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3.In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.
在市内, 有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。
考点burst vi. 爆裂; 爆发 n. 突然破裂; 爆发
To my shock, the balloon burst suddenly.
使我惊讶的是, 气球突然炸开了。
On/Upon his appearance, there was a burst of applause.
他一出现就爆发了一阵掌声。
归纳:burst为不规则动词, 其过去式、过去分词均为burst。
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含burst 的常见短语:
(1)burst into tears=burst out crying 突然大哭, 放声大哭
【高考典句】(2015·课标全国高考Ⅰ卷)When I handed him the gift card,saying he could use it for whatever his family might need,he burst into tears.
当我把礼品卡送给那名男子,并告诉他可以用来购买家人可能需要的任何东西的时候,他的眼泪夺眶而出。
(2)burst into laughter=burst out laughing 突然大笑, 放声大笑
Upon hearing the funny story, everybody burst into laughter.
听了这个滑稽的故事, 大家都放声大笑起来。
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活学活用
完成句子
1)一看见他妈妈,这个男孩突然哈哈大笑起来。
The boy on seeing his mother.?
burst into laughter/burst out laughing
翻译句子
2)The audience burst into applause.
3)Everyone on the bus burst into song as we got closer to home.
答案:观众爆发出一阵掌声。
答案:当我们快到家时,公共汽车上所有的人都大声唱起歌来。
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4.It seemed as if the world was at an end!
仿佛到了世界末日!
考点as if 仿佛; 好像, 与as though同义
It looks as if it is going to rain.
看起来仿佛要下雨。
It seems as if our team is going to win.
看来我们队要胜了。
【高考典句】(2017·全国高考Ⅰ卷)When fat and salt are removed from food,the food tastes as if it is missing something.
去除食物中的脂肪和食盐,食物尝起来好像少了点什么。
归纳 as if在look, seem等系动词后引导表语从句。
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(1)as if还可以引导方式状语从句。
He behaved as if nothing had happened.
他表现得若无其事。
(2)as if从句的语气及时态根据当时的情况而定。
It sounds as if she is ill.听起来她好像生病了。
He treats his stepfather as if he were a stranger.
他待他的继父如同陌生人一般。
归纳 当说话者认为句子所描述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时, as if 从句用陈述语气。
当说话人认为句子所描述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时, as if从句用虚拟语气。
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活学活用
语法填空
1)People around me all looked at me in surprise
I were from another planet.?
2)Xiaoming speaks English very well as if he (be) an Englishman.?
3)He talks as if he (know) everything.?
as if/as though
were
knew
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5.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.
在可怕的十五秒钟内, 一座大城市变成了一片废墟。
考点ruin n. 废墟; 毁灭 vt. 毁灭; 使破产
Our guide led us through the ruins of the ancient city.
导游领着我们走过那座古城废墟。
【高考典句】(2018·全国高考Ⅱ卷) Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food?
谁会希望通过吃垃圾食品来破坏自己不错的锻炼成果呢?
I was ruined by that law case; I’m a ruined man.
我被那场官司毁了, 我破产了。
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阅读下面的句子,体会黑体词的含义
His old house is in ruins.
他的老房子已破败不堪。
含义 破败不堪,严重受损
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活学活用
完成句子
(1)难怪这座大楼现在是一片废墟;昨晚的那场火很大。
It is no wonder that the building ? now; it was so big a fire last night.?
(2)(2016·北京高考)当他们第二天到达洛克威时,他们发现他们的居住区已成为一片废墟。
When they returned to Rockaway the next day,they found their neighborhood .?
(3)我的儿子把水倒在画上, 把它毁了。
My son poured water over the painting and .?
is in ruins
in ruins
ruined it
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6.Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.
三分之二的人在地震中死去或受伤。
考点injure vt. 损害; 伤害
【高考典句】(2016·全国高考Ⅰ卷)Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move in case she injured her neck.
拉里告诉她火已经被扑灭了,并嘱咐她不要乱动以免伤到她的脖子。
Liu Ming was slightly injured in the training.
刘明在训练中受了轻伤。
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(1)injury n.损害;伤害
【高考典句】(2015·课标全国高考Ⅱ卷)As always,you should stretch at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.
像往常一样,为了避免受伤,你应该在每次跑步之前至少做十分钟的伸展运动。
(2)辨析injure, hurt, wound:
①injure常指意外事故造成的损伤, 还可以表示在感情、名誉上的伤害, 可用于人或物。
Fourteen people were killed and many people were seriously injured in the bus accident.
在那起公交车事故中, 十四人丧生, 多人遭受重伤。
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②hurt为普通用语, 既可指肉体上的伤害, 也可指精神上、感情上的伤害。
Mary hurt herself when she fell down the stairs.
玛丽从楼梯上摔下来, 跌伤了。
That’ll hurt her feelings.那会伤她的感情的。
③wound一般指外伤, 如枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等, 尤其指在战场上受伤。
be wounded in the left leg 左腿受伤
The bullet wounded him in the shoulder.
子弹打伤了他的肩膀。
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活学活用
语法填空
1)The (injure) were sent to hospital and the dead were buried.?
2)If you go on at that rate,you (injure) your health.?
3)Two players were out of team because of (injure).?
用方框内所给词的适当形式填空
hurt injure wound
4)It me to think so many people died in the flood.?
5)In the battle, hundreds of soldiers were and some were even killed.?
6)This could seriously the company’s reputation(名声).?
injured
will injure
injury
hurts/hurt
wounded
injure
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7.Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.
人们无论朝哪里看, 哪里的一切都几乎被毁了。
考点destroy vt. 破坏; 毁坏; 消灭
Heat gradually destroys vitamin C.
加热会逐渐破坏维生素C。
The whole town was destroyed by the tsunami.
整个城镇都被海啸毁坏了。
1)派生词:destruction n. 毁坏
destructive adj. 破坏的; 毁灭性的
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(1)派生词:destruction n. 毁坏
destructive adj. 破坏的; 毁灭性的
(2)辨析ruin, damage, destroy:
ruin强调毁灭的彻底性, 是一次性的行为, 使人或物毁坏到不复存在、面目全非的地步。ruin也可以指毁掉某人的希望、未来和健康等。ruin可做名词。
damage常指人的威信、名声和物品的价值、用途等受到损坏、降低或失去使用的价值,也可以用作名词。
destroy表示在肉体或精神上彻底摧毁, 也可以表示对物体的完全毁坏。
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If you always work like that, you will ruin your health.
如果你总是像那样工作, 你会把身体弄垮的。
The car was damaged badly in the accident.
汽车在事故中受损严重。
They’ve destroyed all the evidence.他们销毁了一切证据。
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活学活用
用ruin,damage或destroy的适当形式填空
1)Before the firemen arrived, the whole building had already been completely in the big fire.?
2)The car which in the accident couldn’t be repaired by the factory.?
3)Yesterday he had an accident and his car .It needs repairing.?
4)He his chance of getting the job by carelessness.?
destroyed
was destroyed
was damaged
ruined
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8.People were shocked.人们震惊了。
考点shock vt.& vi. (使) 震惊; 震动 n. 休克; 打击; 震惊
They were shocked by her rudeness.
他们对她的无礼感到震惊。
She was taken to hospital because of suffering from shock.
她因休克被送到医院。
【高考典句】(2016·北京高考)Now,electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.
现在,电击训练和药物治疗正有助于营救这些大鸟。
He felt shock rather than anger.
与其说他感到生气, 不如说感到震惊。
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The news of his death was a shock to us.
他去世的消息令我们震惊。
归纳 shock做 “使人震惊的事情” 讲时, 常与不定冠词连用。
派生词:shocked adj.震惊的; shocking adj. 使人震惊的; 糟糕的
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活学活用
用shock的适当形式填空
1)Everybody got when they heard the
story.?
2)It me when something like that happened.?
3)I to hear that he had left the company.?
shocked
shocking
shocked
was shocked
单句改错
4)The news was shock to us.
答案:was后加a或shock→shocking
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9.Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.
有些救援人员和医生被困在了废墟下面。
考点一rescue n.& vt.援救; 营救
Rescue was at hand.救援近在咫尺。
Ten fishermen were saved in a sea rescue.
在一次海上营救行动中,十名渔民获救。
He rescued three children from the burning building.
他从失火的大楼内救出了三个孩子。
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1)同义词:save
2)rescue做名词时, 既是可数名词, 也是不可数名词。
3)come to/go to sb’s rescue 援救某人; 援助某人
come to/go to the rescue of sb援救某人;援助某人
John came to my rescue.
约翰来帮助了我。
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考点二trap vt.使陷入困境 n. 陷阱; 困境
【高考典句】 (2018·北京高考) A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped in the mountains for two days.
一名救援人员冒着生命危险救出了两名被困在山里两天的游客。
The hunter set traps to catch foxes.
猎人设置了陷阱捕捉狐狸。
When you are in a trap, I will come to your help.
当你处于困境时, 我会来帮助你。
归纳 trap的过去式、过去分词及动词-ing形式的构成, 都需要双写p, 再加-ed或-ing。
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活学活用
语法填空
1)His parents (rescue) from the ruins by the soldiers, which moved him greatly.?
2)We were glad to know that all the workers who
(trap) in the mine were saved.?
were rescued
had been trapped
单句改错
3)We became trapping by the rising floodwater.
4)They went to rescuing the three women.
答案:trapping→trapped
答案:rescuing→rescue
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翻译句子
5)They used traps to trap animals.
答案:他们用陷阱诱捕动物。
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10.All hope was not lost.
不是所有的希望都破灭了。
剖析本句是一个部分否定的句子。all/all of ...not ..., not all ..., some but not all ...等表示部分否定, 其意思是 “并不是所有的……; 不是全部(而是一些)……”。
Not all the students obey the school rules.
并非所有的学生都遵守校规。
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1)表示 “并不是所有的” 还有not everyone/everybody/everything等。
Not everybody has passed the exam.
并非每个人都通过了考试。
2)三者以上的全部否定用none of。
None of us like talking with the man.
我们中没有人喜欢和这个人说话。
3)二者的部分否定为“both of ...not ...” = “not both ...”, 二者的全部否定为“neither of ...”。
Neither of the boys is rude to us.
这两个男孩对我们都不粗鲁。
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活学活用
完成句子
1)并非所有的老师都同意校长的话。他们中有些人反对他。
agreed with what the headmaster said.Some of them were against him.?
2)钱很重要,但钱并不是一切。
Money is something, but it is .?
3)闪光的东西并非都是金子。
that glitters is gold.?
句型转换
4)Both of them are from the USA. (改为全部否定句)
Not all teachers
not everything
All
not
答案:Neither of them is from the USA.
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11.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
解放军组成小分队, 将受困的人们挖出来, 将死者掩埋。
剖析本句含有一个who引导的定语从句。
考点一dig out掘出; 发现
He was buried under the snow and had to be dug out.
他被雪埋了, 必须把他挖出来。
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考点二bury vt. 埋葬; 掩埋; 隐藏
They helped the child bury his father.
他们帮着那个孩子埋葬了他的父亲。
【高考典句】(2015·江苏高考)Bury glass far away from rivers.
把玻璃埋在远离河流的地方。
The scientist knew nothing about the matter, because he was always burying himself in his study.
那位科学家对此事一无所知, 因为他一直专心于他的研究工作。
归纳:bury oneself in (doing) sth 和be buried in(doing) sth的含义是 “专心于(做)某事”。
1)派生词:burial n. 埋葬; 葬礼
2)be buried in thought 沉思
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活学活用
完成句子
1)被困在废墟中的人有三分之一终于被挖掘出来了。
One third of the people trapped in ruins at last.?
2)她双手掩面,哭了起来。
She in her hands and wept.?
3)自从她离开后,他全心扑在工作上。
Since she left, he ? ? ?in his work.?
were dug out
buried her face
has buried himself/has been buried
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12.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。
剖析句子中whose homes had been destroyed是定语从句,whose是关系代词,指代survivors’,在定语从句中做定语,相当于of whom,这个定语从句也可以改为of whom homes had been destroyed或homes of whom had been destroyed。
Anne was a Jewish girl whose diary has been read widely all over the world.
安妮是一个犹太女孩,她的日记在全世界广为传诵。
It’s the house whose door is painted red.
这就是那所门涂成红色的房子。
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考点shelter n.[C]掩蔽处;避身所
n.[U]庇护;掩蔽 vt.提供庇护
【高考典句】(2015·北京高考)The first thing he did was to find shelter from the freezing wind and snow.
他做的第一件事就是寻找躲避寒风和雪的地方。
Many of the children in the shelter are orphans.
收容所里有好多孩子是孤儿。
【高考典句】 (2017·北京高考) She couldn’t understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food.
她不理解为什么有许多人无处可住,食不果腹。
We sheltered from the rain in a doorway.
我们在一处门廊里避雨。
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活学活用
语法填空
(1)Look out!Don’t get too close to the house roof is under repair.?
(2)Look!They (shelter)from the rain over there.?
完成句子
(3)我们坐在树下躲避阳光。
We sat under the tree, the sun.?
whose
are sheltering
sheltering from
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13.Such a great number of people died because ....
这么多的人死亡是因为……
考点a (great/large) number of许多; 大量的
【高考典句】(2015·安徽高考)There are an extremely large number of ants worldwide.
全世界有数量庞大的蚂蚁。
1)其他表示 “许多; 大量的” 词或短语:
①many, quite a few, a good many等用来修饰可数名词。
②a great amount of, a great deal of等用来修饰不可数名词。
③a lot of, lots of, plenty of等既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词。
2)辨析a number of和the number of:
A number of students will go to visit the Great Wall.
许多学生将去游览长城。
The number of the population is increasing.
人口数量在增加。
归纳:a number of修饰可数名词的复数形式, 意思是 “许多”, 修饰的名词做主语时, 其谓语动词应用复数形式。
the number of后接可数名词的复数形式, 意思是 “……的数目/量”, 修饰的名词做主语时谓语动词用单数形式。
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活学活用
语法填空
(1)A number of students (play) on the ground but I don’t know what the exact number (be).?
(2)It’s not number of books you read but the way you read them that decides how successfully you gain knowledge.?
(3)The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities
(rise) steadily since 1997.?
are playing
is
the
has risen/has been rising
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(共24张PPT)
Section Ⅱ— Learning about Language
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一、学习下面的生词并选择合适的词完成句子
1.Too much packaging is doing serious to the environment.?
2.It is to wake and find a stranger.?
3.That boy bought a of chocolate.?
4.When the earthquake happened, many people escaped from their houses.?
damage
frightening
bar
frightened
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二、请根据下列图片用适当的引导词填空,完成下列定语从句
1.Have you seen a wooden house was pulled into the sky by 300 balloons??
2.I know about Mr Yang, lives in Tangshan.?
which/that
who
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三、请标出下列句子中的定语
1.Strange things were happening in the countryside.
2.A smelly gas came out of the cracks.
3.Some people saw bright lights in the sky.
4.More buildings fell down.
5.All hope was not lost.
答案:Strange
答案:smelly
答案:Some;bright
答案:More
答案:All
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6.Fresh water was taken to the city by train, truck and plane.
7.The woman in the room is my mother.
8.People there are very kind to me.
9.The girl with a book in her hand is Mary.
10.The coffee cup is on the table.
答案:Fresh
答案:in the room
答案:there
答案:with a book in her hand
答案:coffee
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四、阅读下列谚语和名人名言, 指出定语从句的引导词
1.That which was bitter to endure may be sweet to remember.
2.He travels the fastest who travels alone.
3.The hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.
4.He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.
答案:which
答案:who
答案:that
答案:who
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5.All is well that ends well.
6.A friend is a present which you give yourself.
7.Anyone who plays with life will achieve nothing; anyone who cannot control himself will be a slave forever.
答案:that
答案:which
答案:who;who
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五、阅读下列小幽默, 找出其中的定语从句
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Doctor:What’s wrong with the short man who’s just been brought in?
Nurse:He’s had a golf ball knocked down his throat (喉咙).
Doctor:And what is that man who was jumping up and down in the waiting room when I arrived?
Nurse:That’s another golfer who is the short man’s team leader.
Doctor:What’s wrong with him?
Nurse:Nothing.He just wants his ball back.
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Reporter:Excuse my asking, but what are those little sounds from your ears?
Pop star:Oh, you also noticed the little lovely sounds, which are from my ears.
Reporter:Yes, they’re lovely, and I think they’re sweet.
Pop star:They are just from my very special earrings.
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1.?????????????????????????????????????????????????????
????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????
2.?????????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????
3.????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????
4.????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????
???????? ??????????????????????????????????????????
What’s wrong with the short man who’s just been
brought in??
And what is that man who was jumping up and down in the
waiting room when I arrived??
That’s another golfer who is the short man’s team leader.?
Oh,you also noticed the little lovely sounds,which are from my
ears.?
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1.It was a frightening night.
那是一个令人恐惧的夜晚。
考点frightening adj. 令人恐惧的
What a frightening beast!多么可怕的野兽!
【高考典句】(2016·浙江高考)A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience,especially if you are travelling at high speed.
突然制动是很吓人的经历,特别是如果你正在高速行驶的时候。
归纳 frightening多用来修饰事物。
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(1)frighten vt.使惊吓; 吓唬
【高考典句】 (2018·全国高考Ⅲ卷) When the gorillas and I frightened each other,I was just glad to find them alive.
我和大猩猩都把对方吓了一跳,我很高兴,因为我发现它们还活着。
(2)frightened adj. 受惊的; 受恐吓的
We were frightened when he fell into the river.
他掉进河里时, 我们吓坏了。
归纳 frightened多用来修饰人或表情。
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活学活用
用frighten的适当形式填空
1)The thief spoke in a voice and the little boy was very .?
2)The fisherman told the policemen in a
voice about the animal.?
完成句子
3)突然的噪声把鸟群惊飞了。
The sudden noise the birds to fly away.?
frightening
frightened
frightened
frightened
frightening
frightened
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2.Grammar:定语从句(Ⅰ)(由that,which,who,whose引导的定语从句)
考点一 定语从句的定义
定语从句在句中做定语, 修饰主句中的某个名词、代词或整个主句, 被修饰的词叫作先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后, 由关系词 (关系代词或关系副词) 引导。定语从句包括限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分, 去掉后主句意思往往不明确; 非限制性定语从句是对先行词的附加说明, 去掉后不会影响主句的意思, 与主句之间通常用逗号分开。
①The boys who/that are playing football are from Class One.
正在踢足球的男孩子们是一班的。
②His mother,who loves him very much, is strict with him.
深爱着他的妈妈对他要求很严格。
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考点二由关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose引导的定语从句概述
关系代词处在先行词和定语从句之间, 起着连接主从句、指代先行词和在从句中做句子成分的三重作用。
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①Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress that/which I gave her.
昨天艾米丽穿着我送给她的新衣服。
②I have a friend that/who likes listening to classical music.
我有个喜欢听古典音乐的朋友。
③My parents live in a house which/that is more than 100 years old.
我的父母住在一座有100多年历史的房子里。
④The man,who/whom you just mentioned, is a friend of mine.
你刚才提到的那个人是我的一个朋友。
⑤This is the artist whose works are known all over the world.
这是一位作品闻名全世界的画家。
⑥The room whose window faces south is mine.
那个窗户朝南的房间是我的。
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考点三 定语从句只能由that引导的情况
(1)先行词是anything, everything, nothing, few, all, none, little等词, 或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时。
①Have you taken down everything that Mr Li said?
你记下李先生说的每句话了吗?
②All that can be done has been done.
所有能做的事情都已经做了。
③There is little that I can do for you.
我几乎不能为你做什么。
注意:当先行词指人时, 也可以用who。
④Any man that/who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing.
任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。
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(2)先行词被序数词修饰时。
⑤The first place that they visited in London was Elizabeth Tower.
他们在伦敦参观的第一个地方是伊丽莎白塔。
(3)先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。
⑥This is the best film that I have seen.
这是我看过的最好的电影。
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(4)先行词被the very, the only 等修饰时。
⑦This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.
这正是我想买的词典。
⑧After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.
他家发生火灾之后, 那辆旧汽车成了他拥有的唯一的东西。
注意:但当先行词指人时, 偶尔也可以用who。
⑨Wang Hua is the only person in our school that/who will attend the meeting.
王华是我们学校唯一去参加会议的人。
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(5)先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。
⑩Who is the man that is standing there?
站在那儿的那个人是谁?
(6)先行词中既有人也有物时。
11Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we often talked about?
你能记起我们过去经常谈论的那位科学家以及他的理论吗?
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活学活用
语法填空
1)Finally he reached a lonely island was completely cut off from the outside world.?
2)I refuse to accept the blame for something was someone else’s fault.?
3)The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those
lives were affected.?
4)The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China,
he remembers starting as early as his childhood.?
5)It rained hard yesterday, prevented me from going to the park.?
which/that
that
whose
which
which
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6)The earthquake could be felt in Beijing, is more than two hundred kilometres away.?
7)She says she still remembers the things and the persons
I told her last year.?
8)The man with I was travelling didn’t speak English.?
9)The girl I spoke to is a student.?
10)He saw a house windows were all broken.?
11)The very farm we see today is no longer the one
it was ten years ago.?
12)The last river they crossed is two miles wide.?
which
that
whom
whom/that/who
whose
that
that
that
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完成句子
13)他有两个在同一家公司上班的儿子。
He has two sons in the same company.?
14)这是我看过的最有趣的电影。
This is the most interesting film .?
15)你知道他们正在谈论的人和事吗?
Do you know the things and persons ?
16)颐和园是修建于清朝的最美丽的公园之一。
The Summer Palace is one of the most beautiful parks
in the Qing Dynasty.?
17)爸爸当医生的那个男孩学习非常刻苦。
The boy studies very hard.?
who work
that I’ve ever seen
that they are talking about
that was built
whose father is a doctor
(共16张PPT)
Section Ⅲ — Using Language, Summing Up & Learning Tip
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一、将单词与相对应的释义搭配起来
A B
1.judge a.a description of the main facts or points involved in sth
2.sincerely b.to tell what you are feeling or thinking
3.outline c.the title of a newspaper report
4.headline d.truly
5.express e.someone who rides a bicycle
6.cyclist f.to form an opinion about sb/sth
答案:1.f 2.d 3.a 4.c 5.b 6.e
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二、阅读Using Language部分, 找出下列学过的短语并写出它们的中文意思
1.be proud of ???????????????????????????????????????????
2.next month ???????????????????????????????????????????
3.a team of ???????????????????????????????????????????
4.tens of thousands of ????????????????????????????????????
为……自豪/骄傲
下个月
一队,一组
成千上万的
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三、阅读课本第30页的信件, 完成下列问题
1.What’s the speaking competition about?
A.The earthquake which happened in Tangshan.
B.The old Tangshan.
C.New Tangshan.
D.New China.
答案:C
2.Why will the city open a new park?
A.To honour those who died and those who helped the survivors in the disaster.
B.To honour the students who have won the speaking competition.
C.To show respect for the heroes who died for the new Tangshan.
D.To show respect for the people who work for the new Tangshan.
答案:A
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3.If you are the student who has won the competition, who can you bring to the park?
A.Your family.
B.Your friends.
C.Your family and teachers.
D.Your family and friends.
答案:D
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1.Congratulations!祝贺(你)!
考点congratulation n.祝贺; (复数) 贺词
—I’ve won first prize.我获得了一等奖。
—Congratulations to you!祝贺你!
Thank you for your wonderful congratulations.
感谢你精彩的贺词。
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1)congratulation常用于一些固定搭配。
They offered/gave their congratulations to me on my success.
他们为我的成功向我表示祝贺。
归纳:offer/give one’s congratulations to sb on sth表示 “就某事向某人祝贺”。
向别人表示祝贺时, 多用congratulation的复数形式。
in congratulation of祝贺
2)congratulate vt. 祝贺
Congratulate you on your passing the exam.
祝贺你通过了考试。
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活学活用
语法填空
1)Please give her my (congratulate) when you see her.?
2)I send you my warmest congratulations your success.?
3)You’ve passed your driving test. !?
4)The letter arrived in (congratulate) of my graduation from the university.?
congratulations
on
Congratulations
congratulation
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2.Your speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.
评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲, 他们一致认为那是今年最好的。
剖析 all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year是定语从句, 修饰five judges。
考点judge n.裁判员; 法官 vt. 断定; 判断; 判决
He will be a judge at the coming Olympic Games.
他将在即将到来的奥运会上当一名裁判员。
The judge showed kindness to the prisoner.
法官对该囚犯给予宽大处理。
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I judge him to be worthy of confidence.我断定他值得信任。
In table tennis, the eyes see the ball coming, judge its speed and direction, and pass this information on to the brain.
打乒乓球时, 眼睛看到球打过来,判断它的速度和方向, 再把这个信息传到大脑。
It will take a few more years to judge the effect of these ideas.
还需要再过几年才能判断这些思想的影响。
We think the man was judged unfairly.
我们认为对这个人的判决是不公正的。
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1)judge by/from 从……来看; 由……来判断
Don’t judge a man by his looks.不要以貌取人。
Judging from what he said, he must be an honest man.
从他所说的可以判断, 他一定是一个诚实的人。
归纳: judging by/from的含义是 “从……来判断”, 常用作状语。
2)派生词:judgement n.评判, 评价
in one’s judgement 在……看来, 经……判决
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活学活用
完成句子
1)从车的数量判断,他认为俱乐部里没有多少人。
? ?, he thought there were not many people at the club.?
2)从外表来看,他是个和蔼的人。
, he is a kind man.?
Judging from the number of cars
Judging from his looks/appearance
单句改错
3)The tour was judge a great success.
答案:judge→judged
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3.We invite you to bring your family and friends on that special day.
我们邀请你在那个特殊的日子把你的家人和朋友一起带来。
考点一invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事
【高考典句】(2016·天津高考)We invite you to join us on an amazing journey of language learning.
我们邀请你和我们一起参加一次神奇的语言学习之旅。
I’ve been invited to give a talk at the conference.
我被邀请在会议上发言。
考点二special adj.特殊的; 专门的; 格外的
【高考典句】(2016·天津高考)I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra help.
我去了一所特殊的学校,在那里我获得了很多额外的帮助。
These teachers need special training.
这些教师需要专门的培训。
The conference is said to be of special importance.
据说这次会议格外重要。
Take special care on icy roads.在结冰的路上要格外小心。
specially adv.专门地
The ring is made specially for you.
这个戒指是专门为你定做的。
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活学活用
语法填空
1)I won’t go to his birthday party unless (invite).?
2)She showed me her thanks by (invite) me to dinner.?
3)I came here (special) to see you.?
invited
inviting
specially
(共8张PPT)
Section Ⅳ— Writing
写作指导
常用句型
写作模板
针对训练
如何写新闻报道
新闻报道通常有比较固定的写作格式:
1.标题。标题通常居中,概括该篇报道的主要内容。好的标题能使读者在短时间内了解新闻的主要内容,引起阅读兴趣。
2.导语。导语一般置于报道开头,作用是吸引读者的注意力,因此导语要求能高度概括报道的内容,让读者一看就能了解整篇报道最吸引人的地方。
3.主体。新闻报道主体一般被认为是导语的注释和补充。主体部分在报道中占相当大的篇幅,主体结构的展开可以按事实的重要程度为顺序,也可以按时间、空间或逻辑顺序。行文要尽量抓住一些显著的细节进行深入描写。注意语法要正确,动词及时态的使用要恰当等。
写作指导
常用句型
写作模板
针对训练
4.结语。新闻报道的结语一般是最后一句话或者一段话,通常对全文内容做概括性的总结或对新闻事件的发展趋势进行预测。有时,作者会根据报道的事实在结语中提出令人深思的问题。
写作指导
常用句型
写作模板
针对训练
1.Today all the students and teachers in our school took part in ....今天我校的全体师生参加了……
2.The activity was organized in order to ....组织这次活动是为了……
3.To make ...cleaner and tidier ....为了使……更干净整洁……
4.The Students’ Union organized students to ....学生会组织学生去……
5.In the activity we were asked to ....在活动中,我们被要求去……
6.The activity gives/offers us a chance to ....活动给我们提供了……的机会。
7....is of great help/value to us.……对我们帮助极大/有很大价值。
8.First,we ...Then,we ...Finally,we ....首先,我们……其次,我们……最后,我们……
写作指导
常用句型
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针对训练
9.Many people thought well/highly of ....很多人对……评价很高。
10.Although we felt ...,we thought it worthwhile to do ....尽管我们感到……,我们认为做……是值得的。
写作指导
常用句型
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针对训练
In order to know how to ,many students took part in .?
First, gave us some instructions/advice on .Then we were asked to .Finally,with the help/guidance of ,we succeeded in .?
The gave us a chance to ,which is of great help to us.?
写作指导
常用句型
写作模板
针对训练
假设你是李华,是校报英语专栏的小记者。今天你校组织全体师生进行了一次地震应急疏散演练。请根据下列要点提示,为校报写一篇新闻报道。词数100左右。
要点提示:1.演练的目的、时间和地点;2.演练的参加者、经过和结果;3.你和同学们的感受。
参考词汇:地震应急疏散演练earthquake emergency evacuation drill
写作指导
常用句型
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针对训练
参考范文:
In order to let students know how to survive in an earthquake,today all the students and teachers in our school took part in an earthquake emergency evacuation drill.
At first,the teachers gave us some instructions in the classroom and told us how to protect ourselves when an earthquake happened.Then we were asked to walk down the stairs quickly when we heard the ring.With some teachers guiding the way,all the students succeeded in getting to the playground in a few minutes.
This drill offers a good opportunity for us to learn how to avoid being injured during an earthquake,which is of great help to all the students.
(共9张PPT)
单元重点小结
重点单词
重点短语
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
1.smelly adj.发臭的;有臭味的→ n.气味 v.嗅;闻起来?
2. vi.爆裂;爆发 n.突然破裂;爆发?
3.nation n.民族;国家;国民→ adj.国家的,民族的→ n.国籍?
4.ruin n.废墟;毁灭 vt.毁灭;使破产→ (pl.)n.废墟?
5.suffering n.苦难;痛苦→ v.受苦;遭受?
6.extreme adj.极度的→ adv.极度?
7.injure vt.损害;伤害→ adj.受伤的→
n.伤害;损害?
8.destroy vt.破坏;毁坏;消灭→ n.毁坏?
9.useless adj.无用的;无效的;无益的→(反义词) adj.有用的;有益的→ v.& n.使用;利用?
smell
burst
national
nationality
ruins
suffer
extremely
injured
injury
destruction
useful
use
重点单词
重点短语
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
10.shock vt.& vi.(使)震惊;震动 n.休克;打击;震惊→
adj.令人震惊的→ adj.震惊的?
11. n.& vt.援救;营救?
12.electricity n.电;电流;电学→ adj.用电的;带电的;发电的→ adj.与电有关的;电学的?
13. n.灾难;灾祸?
14.bury vt.埋葬;掩埋;隐藏→ adj.埋葬的?
15.frighten vt.使惊吓;吓唬→ adj.受惊的;受恐吓的→ adj.令人恐惧的?
16.congratulation n.祝贺;(复数)贺词→ vt.祝贺?
17.judge n.裁判员;法官 vt.断定;判断;判决→ n.判断;判决?
shocking
shocked
rescue
electric
electrical
disaster
buried
frightened
frightening
congratulate
judgement
重点单词
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交际功能
18.sincerely adv.真诚地;真挚地→ adj.真诚的?
19.express vt.表示;表达 n.快车;速递→ n.表达→ adj.有表现力的?
20.cyclist n.骑自行车的人→ vi.骑车?
sincere
expression
expressive
cycle
重点单词
重点短语
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
1. 立刻;马上 2. 仿佛;好像?
3. 结束;终结
4. 严重受损;破败不堪?
5. 掘出;发现
6. 许多;大量的?
right away
as if
at an end
in ruins
dig out
a (great) number of
重点单词
重点短语
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
1.In the farmyards,the chickens and even the pigs were nervous
eat.?
农家大院里的鸡,甚至猪都紧张得不吃食。
2. the world was at an end!?
仿佛到了世界末日!
3.Thousands of families were killed and many children
without parents.?
成千上万的家庭被破坏,许多孩子成了孤儿。
4.All of the city’s hospitals,75% of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes .?
本市所有的医院,75%的工厂和建筑物以及90%的家园都消失了。
5. hope was lost.?
不是所有的希望都破灭了。
too
to
It seemed as if
were left
were gone
All
not
重点单词
重点短语
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
The Attributive Clause(Ⅰ)(that,which,who,whose)
由that,which,who,whose引导的定语从句
1.But the one million people of the city, thought little of these events,were asleep as usual that night.?
2.It was felt in Beijing, is more than two hundred kilometres away.?
3.A huge crack was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses,roads and canals.?
4.Workers built shelters for survivors homes had been destroyed.?
who
which
that/which
whose
重点单词
重点短语
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
Talking about past experiences;Expressing thanks
谈论过去的经历;表达感谢
1.I would like to express my thanks to ...who ....我想向……表达我的感激之情。
2.Here,I wish to express my thanks for the great efforts ....在此,我想对……做出的努力表示感谢。
3.I’d also like to thank ....我还想感谢……
4.No words are strong enough to express our ....没有言语能足以表达我们的……
5.It was terrible when ....非常糟糕的是当……
6.It seemed as if .... 看起来好像……
7.I remember ....我记得……
重点单词
重点短语
重点句型
重点语法
交际功能
8.I felt ....我感觉……
9.Not long after that ....在此之后不久……
10.Luckily,...幸运的是,……
