2020届浙江中考英语复习课件 专题十八 任务型阅读（304张）

课件304张PPT。 中考英语（浙江专用）专题十八　任务型阅读A组　2015—2019年浙江中考题组
题组一????Passage 1(2019杭州)
下面文章中有五处(第1—5题)需要添加首句。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中选出符合各段意思的首句。选项中有一项是多余选项。
Where you sit and how you fit
　1???? For more than seventy years, researchers and teachers have studied the link between the place where stu-dents choose to sit in class and what they are like as people and learners. Where do you usually decide to sit? Have you ever really thought about the reasons for your decision?　2???? But is this really true? Well, some researchers say it is not. In fact, shy students often choose the back row because it is far away from the teacher and they don't want to answer questions. At the back, students probably won't speak much, but in big classrooms, it can be hard to see the board and hear what the teacher is saying. This could be the reason why students who sit here often get lower grades on tests and exams. For students with poor eyesight or hearing, a seat at the back of the classroom is not a good choice.
　3???? However, they like watching and listening rather than joining in. These students are usually also very
good at taking notes. Next time you miss a class, borrow notes from someone who sits here. On the sides of the classroom you will generally find modest and thoughtful people. These people usually get good grades in school and are interested in learning.
　4???? Then the statistics(统计数据)say you probably like your teacher. You probably also have a good relation-ship with your classmates. Caring, outgoing, and cheerful people usually sit in the middle. They are normally se-rious about learning and feel disappointed with low grades on tests and exams.
　5???? Students who sit here usually want to discuss things with the teacher and are often very interested in the subject. They want to be in the best place to see and hear everything the teacher does and says. The only problem with sitting here is that it can be difficult to see and hear what other students do and say in class. So, if you real-ly want to hear what everyone says in class, choose a different place to sit.
A.You probably sit right at the front of the class if you're longing for knowledge.
B.Research suggests that the seat you choose in the classroom says a lot about you and your personality.
C.Do you sit in the middle of the classroom?D.This means it's a good idea to sit in a different place every day.
E.People often think that students who sit at the back are lazy.
F.Students who sit at the side of the classroom are normally interested in class.答案
[语篇解读]　本文主要讲了学生在教室里的位置选择与其性格、学习习惯之间的联系。文章的五个段落是总分结构,第一段是总述,第二到第五段说明不同位置的学生的性格和学习习惯。
1.B　第一段为总起段落,提出观点:研究人员和老师们研究了学生在教室里选择的座位和他们是什么样的人、是什么类型的学习者之间的关系。与B项相符合。
2.E　由下文的In fact, shy students often choose the back row because it is far away from the teacher and they don't want to answer questions.可知,事实上,害羞的学生喜欢后排座位,因为后排座位远离老师,他们不想回答问题。因此选择E项:人们经常认为坐在教室后面的学生懒。
3.F　根据本段的倒数第二句On the sides of the classroom you will generally find modest and thoughtful peo-ple.可知本段讲的是坐在教室边上的学生,因此F项“坐在教室边上的学生通常对课有兴趣。”正确。
4.C　根据本段第四句Caring, outgoing, and cheerful people usually sit in the middle. “关心他人的、外向的、快乐的人通常坐在教室中间。”可知C项“你坐在教室中间吗?”正确。
5.A　根据下文的介绍可知选A项:如果你渴望知识,你很可能会坐在教室的前面。长难句
For more than seventy years, researchers and teachers have studied the link between the place where students choose to sit in class and what they are like as people and learners.研究者和老师花了七十多年时间研究了学生选择在教室所坐的位置与他们作为人和学习者的特点之间的联系。
介词短语between the place where students choose to sit in class and what they are like as people and learners修饰其前面的名词link,在短语中含有一个由关系副词where引导的定语从句。
重点词汇　be serious about对……认真　feel disappointed with对……感到失望
词汇积累　cheerful adj.快乐的Passage 2(2018杭州)
　　下面文章中有五处(第1—5题)需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中选出符合各段意思的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。
Five ways to make a great first impression(印象)!
Researchers have discovered that, in general, it only takes seven seconds for a person to start making judgments about you when they first meet you. That's why you should follow these useful tips on how to create a good first impression.
1.　　????
Before meeting someone, start thinking about the purpose of the meeting. Are you trying to impress them? For example, if you want to make new friends at a social event, you will want to appear friendly. And if you decide to run for class president at your school, you will need to appear confident(自信的).
2.　　????
Smiling is the most important thing you can do when meeting someone new. It shows that you're friendly and makes people around you feel more comfortable. To have a winning smile, make sure your teeth are clean by brushing them every day.
3.　　????
Before you begin speaking, you will be judged on your body language. Therefore, it's important to show trust in yourself by standing up tall and putting your shoulders back. Besides, if you uncross your arms, you will appear relaxed and friendly.
4.　　????
How you smell can influence people's first impression of you. If you have a bad body smell, it will put people off. In short, aim to smell clean and avoid putting on a lot of scented products.
5.　　????
What you wear matters. While you should look clean and tidy, it's also important to dress properly, whether you're going to a birthday party or a sporting event. You should think about what your clothes say about you.A.Smell good
B.Dress to impress
C.Get ready for a speech
D.A smile goes a long way
E.Be careful about your body language
F.Decide what image(形象)you want to present答案
[语篇解读]　文章主要介绍了给人留下好的第一印象的五种方法。
1.F????根据本段的第一句,以及两个例子,一个是“社交场合,你要表现得友好”,另一个是“如果竞选班长,你要表现得自信”,综合起来选择F项。
2.D　根据本段的第一句可知本段是讲述微笑的重要性。
3.E　根据本段的第一句来确定关键词为“body language”,本段主要讲“注意你的身体语言”。
4.A　根据本段的第一句确定关键词“smell”,因此选择A项:好闻。
5.B　根据本段的第一句和第二句确定关键词“dress properly”,因此选择B项:穿着给人留下深刻的印象。长难句
That's why you should follow these useful tips on how to create a good first impression.那就是为什么你应该遵守这些关于怎样留下一个好的第一印象的有用的建议。
why引导的是表语从句,on后为特殊疑问词+动词不定式修饰tips。
重点词汇　in general一般而言　make judgments作出判断　in short简而言之
词汇积累　matter v.事关紧要,要紧Passage 3(2017杭州)
　　下面文章中有五处(第1—5题)需要添加首句。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中选出符合各段意思的首句。选项中有一项是多余选项。
Family Traditions
What are your family traditions? The following information comes from several readers:
JARED:　1???? We take turns picking a movie to watch together. It's fun because I watch something my parents like, and they watch something I like. My mother likes old black and white movies, so I see a lot of them! We al-so make pizza and eat it in front of the TV.
WINNIE:　2???? My favorite meal is spaghetti and meatballs. My mom usually cooks, but my dad and sister help. On my sister's birthday, we eat pizza. On my mom's birthday, we have chicken, and on my dad's birthday we have steak. Of course, we always have a birthday cake, too.
DANNI:　3???? My family is really busy. We have a large family, and it's not easy for everyone to get together at the same time. On that day, we go to a nice restaurant and we talk and talk and talk.SUZIE:　4???? After dinner, we go to the living room and play a board game, such as Scrabble or Monopoly. We have about seven different ones we play, but we only play one game a night. I plan to keep this tradition after I start my own family.
ROB:　5???? I get up early and make something special, such as a mushroom omelet with fruit salad. Then I put it on a tray with a newspaper and a flower, and bring it to my mother for breakfast in bed. She always acts sur-prised, but I do it every year.
A.Every Friday night we have games night.
B.On our birthdays we get our favorite meal.
C.Once a month we have movie and pizza night.
D.Every year, on Mother's Day, I make breakfast for my mother.
E.On Friday nights my parents watch movies while I play games.
F.On the first Saturday of every month we go out to eat together.答案
[语篇解读]　本文是几个读者提供的关于家庭传统的信息,包括家庭成员过生日、过母亲节和定期成员聚会等传统。
1.C????通过关键词movie和pizza可知答案。
2.B　通过分别陈述每个人生日时吃的不同的食物可知,生日时每个人都可以吃到最喜爱的食物。
3.F　文中的we go to a nice restaurant 与选项中的go out to eat意思相符合。
4.A　通过关键词game可以得知选A。
5.D　通过关键词mother和breakfast可知选D。长难句
Then I put it on a tray with a newspaper and a flower, and bring it to my mother for breakfast in bed.然后我把早饭和一份报纸、一只鲜花放在一个托盘上,然后把托盘端给妈妈,让她在床上吃早餐。
本句是一个简单句。put,bring是本句并列的谓语动词。
重点词汇　tradition n.传统　information n.信息
词汇积累　mushroom n.蘑菇Passage 4(2015湖州)
阅读下面文章,从下面的方框中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项。
　1???? It is everyone's dream to work at home or not at work at all.You can plan your own hours and work when you want to.There is no more rush hour and no hours that people waste when they get to and from a job every day.
　2???? You can stay at home,work when you want to and make money when you need to.There are plenty of op-portunities for you to make money at home,just by using your computer and the Internet.The fact is that this dream can be achieved.
　3???? Educate yourself,look closely into all the opportunities and decide on what works best for you.It will not happen during one night,but you can make a decision today and start to make it happen today.
　4???? Do you have a blog or a personal website like millions of other people?Are you using it to make money?Most of these blog and website owners are not.But you can do that!When you have your computer and the Inter-net working for you,you will make money while you sleep,travel or do whatever you want to do all day long.　5???? There are many ways you can make money with your computer.And you can begin your stay-at-home businesses with just a little money.What are you waiting for?
A.The Fact.
B.Don't Wait!
C.Start Today!
D.The Dream.
E.How Could You Do It?
1.　　???? 　2.　　???? 　3.　　???? 　4.　　???? 　5.　　???? 答案
[语篇解读]　在家工作是每个人的梦想,你可以通过电脑或互联网在家赚钱,还等什么?
1.D????由第一句可知第一段是主要是写梦想的。
2.A　由第二段最后一句可知。
3.C　由第三段最后一句可知。
4.E　第四段主要是讲如何用电脑和网络赚钱的。
5.B　由第五段最后一句可知。
长难句
There is no more rush hour and no hours that people waste when they get to and from a job every day.每天不再有高峰拥堵时间,不再有人们上班和下班浪费在路上的时间。
本句中that...引导的句子是定语从句,修饰先行词hours;从句中又含有when引导的时间状语从句。Passage 1(2019嘉兴)
下面短文中有四处(第1—4题)需要添加小标题。阅读短文,然后从方框中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出符合各段意思的小标题,并完成第5题。
　　Sleep plays an important role in our life. A lack of sleep can influence our ability to work and study.
　1????
Normal people need 7 to 9 hours of sleep every night. But for teenagers, a healthy amount(数量) is about 8 to 10 hours. Sadly, 1/3 people manage that.
　2????
Tiredness usually reaches its highest twice a day, at 2 a.m. and 2 p.m. That explains why students easily fall asleep in afternoon classes. So sleeping at noon for a while helps us work better in the rest of the day.
　3????
People can make mistakes if they don't get enough sleep. Students cannot pay attention in class or do well in sports. Drivers who have fallen asleep while driving have caused 2%—10% of the traffic accidents in our life. 题组二And we can imagine what will happen if a doctor feels sleepy at the operating-table!
　4????
There are several ways that can help us sleep better, such as avoiding drinks that make us excited late in the day, going to sleep at the same time each night, and sleeping in a comfortable place that is dark, quiet and warm.
A.Bad influences
B.Sleeping hours
C.The most tiring moments
D.Good sleeping habits
5.The passage mainly encourages us to 　　　　　　　　　　　????.(不得超过5个单词)答案
[语篇解读]　睡眠对工作和学习的能力有着重要的影响。本文介绍了如何睡得更好。
1.B　通过7 to 9 hours和8 to 10 hours可知,本段讲的是睡眠的时长。
2.C　本段讲述了疲劳一天两次达到峰值,因此午睡会帮助我们工作得更好。
3.A　本段讲述了睡眠不足可能带来的恶劣影响,例如学生上课不能集中注意力,司机疲劳驾驶导致交通事故。
4.D　本段讲述了获取良好睡眠的几种方式。
5.develop good sleeping habits(答案合理即可得分)
重点词汇　play an important role起重要作用
词汇积累　lack n.缺乏　tiredness n.疲劳Passage 2(2018绍兴)
阅读下面材料,从方框中所给的A—D四个选项中选择正确的小标题,将其序号填入1—4题,并回答5题。
Are You Ready for High School?
If you can do these things by the time you go to high school, you'll get on well with others in high school.
　1????
A little respect (尊重) goes a long way. Don't help yourself to her personal things in the room, and let her know if you plan to treat friends there. If you don't feel like you're being treated fairly, have a talk face to face.
　2????
The first meeting with someone really does matter. To make an immediate connection, look a person in the eye and give a firm handshake. Keep eye contact while you're chatting and mention the person's name when saying goodbye.
　3????
One study found that holding something in can make you feel lonely and sad. So for your health and friendships, write down the secret in a safe place instead of talking about others in public.
　4????
If someone did something nice for you—a gift, some help, now's the time to take out your pen! Sending the per-son a handwritten note card within 48 hours afterward is a sign that you really have it together.
A.Keep a Secret
B.Be the Best Roommate
C.Make a Great First Impression(印象)
D.Write a Fantastic Thank-You Note
5.Please give one more suggestion on how to get on well with others.(回答不多于5个单词)
????答案
[语篇解读]　文章主要介绍了如何在高中与同学相处。
1.B????根据本段第二句in the room可知选择B项。
2.C　根据第一句The first meeting可知讲的是初次见面的印象,因此选择C项。
3.A　根据write down the secret in a safe place instead of talking about others in public可知本段讲的是保守秘密,所以选择A项。
4.D　根据第一句中他人给你的礼物(a gift),给你的帮助(some help), 拿出笔来写一封感谢信(a handwritten note),因此选择D项。
5.Keep smiling./Be ready to help others./Be a good listener.　答案不唯一,要言之有理,不超过5个字就可以。长难句
Sending the person a handwritten note card within 48 hours afterward is a sign that you really have it together.在随后的48小时内给那个人寄送一张手写的卡片,表明(他/她的礼物或帮助)你真的很受用。
本句是一个复合句。that引导的定语从句修饰先行词sign。Sending the person a handwritten note card within
48 hours afterward是动名词作主语。
重点词汇　help oneself to 自便;自用　firm adj.坚定的　contact n.接触　immediate adj.立即的
词汇积累　fairly adv.公平地,公正地Passage 3(2017绍兴)
阅读下面短文,从方框中所给的A—D四个选项中选择正确的答案,并将其序号填入1—4题,使短文意思连贯,然后回答5题。
Tuesday was like any other day for Morgan Bieley, 15. It was the fourth period, and she was the first student to arrive in the gym for her P.E. class. 　1????.
“There was a sharp cracking noise and then a loud boom. After that, I didn't remember anything,”said Mor-gan.
The roof(屋顶)of the gym had fallen down under the heavy snow. Morgan couldn't get away. “I woke up and there was a big piece of wood on my leg. 　2????. I was starting to get cold.”
Luckily, help was nearby. A new program using“rescue(救援)robots”was tried for the first time.
“We were nervous about using the robot,”said Derric Sneed, the leader of the program.“But in the end the robot gave us exact information.　3????.”
The robot was able to go into the gym and find Morgan's place.“Once we made sure where Morgan was and knew it was safe, our men went in to rescue her,”says Sneed.“Her leg was broken and she was scared, but thankfully, she was alive.”
Doctors say that Morgan is doing well.　4????.“I want to meet my hero after I get out of the hospital,”laughs Morgan.“That little robot saved my life!”
A.It went rather well
B.I couldn't move
C.She should be going home in three days
D.Suddenly there was a loud noise
5.Who does Morgan think her hero is?(回答不多于3个单词)
????答案
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了在事故中第一次使用救援机器人救人成功的故事。
1.D????根据第二段的“a sharp cracking noise”可知答案。
2.B　根据第三段的“there was a big piece of wood on my leg”可知,她受伤了,因此她不能动了。
3.A　根据第五段中的“We were nervous”和“gave us exact information”可知此处应填救援机器人运行正常。
4.C　根据最后一段中的第一句“Doctors say that Morgan is doing well.”可知答案。
5.The robot./The little robot./That robot./That little robot. 根据最后一段的“I want to meet my hero”和“That little robot saved my life”可知答案。长难句
It was the fourth period, and she was the first student to arrive in the gym for her P.E. class.这是第四节课,她是第一个到达体育馆上体育课的学生。
这是一个并列句,由and相连,第二个分句中的to arrive in the gym for her P.E. class是动词不定式作定语修饰
student。
重点词汇　sharp adj.明显的
词汇积累　roof n.屋顶　crack v.爆裂声　boom n.隆隆声、嗡嗡声Passage 4(2016温州)
　　Daming想在国外eBay网上购买音乐CD,但他从网上搜到的“海淘”经验有点杂乱。请帮助Daming将这些杂乱的信息整理成一幅购物流程图,完成购物。第一步已给出。 A.Compare the CDs in the list. You can look at the prices or other customers' opinions. This can help you decide which one you want to buy.
B.Go to www.eBay.com and create an eBay account. You need to fill in an
online form with your information. To pay for your order, you also need to
get one on PayPal.
C.After you have an account, you can look for the CD you want. Type the
name of the CD in the search box. You will see a list of CDs.D.When you decide which one to buy,you can click“Buy It Now” and then finish your order with the correct address (better both in English and Chinese), your telephone number and suitable ways of post. Finally, pay for it and you will receive it in about 20 to 30 days.
E.However, if you are not satisfied with it,it is possible to return the CD in 5 working days. I hope this step is never needed.
F.Once you receive the CD, check it carefully. If you are satisfied with it, you can go back to eBay website and give your opinions on it.答案
1.C　解决本题的关键在于After you have an account..., 确定第一步是建立账户。
2.A　Compare the CDs in the list.和第二步中的a list of CDs呼应。
3.D　本段中的decide which one to buy与第三步中的decide which one you want to buy呼应。
4.F　本段落中Once you receive the CD, check it carefully. 与第四步中you will receive it in about 20 to 30 days呼应。
5.E　第五步中提到If you are satisfied with it..., 第六步中出现的if you are not satisfied with it...与之呼应。
解题关键????该题要根据日常网购的经历来重新排列本文的段落,各段之间有逻辑联系,注意承上启下的句子。题组三????Passage 1(2019宁波)
阅读下面材料,将图片所示步骤(A—D)与第1—4小题相应的文字匹配,并完成第5小题。
Some experts believe that burpee(立卧撑) is the best exercise in the world because this exercise is one that any-one can do very easily and extremely cheaply.
How to perform the basic burpee correctly:
1.　　????Keep your back straight, squat(下蹲) down and place your hands on the floor.
2.　　????Begin in a standing position with your back straight and your arms at your sides.3.　　????Bring your feet back to the squat position by placing your hands on the floor. Then jump straight up as high as you can after the squat position, holding your arms up directly over your head.
4.　　????Move your feet back behind you, so that you move from a squat position to a full-length leg extension. Keep both arms and legs straight and strong.
5.As a form of exercise, the burpee is 　　????.
A.difficult and boring　　B.useful but difficult
C.simple and inexpensive　　D.simple but expensive答案
[语篇解读]　立卧撑是目前容易操作又极便宜的一种运动方式,快来看看如何做吧!
1.B????设空处后一句描述了下蹲动作和手的位置,因此选择B项。
2.A　通过a standing position可知是站立的姿势,因此选择A项。
3.D　通过jump straight up...after the squat position可知,应该选择D项。
4.C　通过from a squat position to a full-length leg extension可知动作是由蹲的姿势到腿伸展开,因此选择C项。
5.C　通过第一段中的very easily and extremely cheaply可知答案为simple and inexpensive。长难句????
Some experts believe that burpee is the best exercise in the world because this exercise is one that anyone can do very easily and extremely cheaply.一些专家认为立卧撑是世界上最好的运动。因为这种运动是任何人都非常容易做,又极其便宜的一种运动。
believe后是一个由that引导的宾语从句;在宾语从句中含有一个由because引导的原因状语从句。
重点词汇　expert n.专家　place v. 放置Passage 2(2018湖州)
Moatton Town为缓解交通拥堵,正计划修建一条公路。Mr Green要求学生对修路可能带来的影响作调查并撰写报告。下面是一位学生的报告及 Mr Green的修改建议,请仔细阅读,将A—E分别填入1—5小题相应的空格中,完成修改任务。
?A.Advantages of the new road
B.Disadvantages of the new road
C.New road in Moatton
D.The new road will reduce the number of cars in Moatton
E.I think that the new road will be a good thing for Moatton
1.　　????　2.　　????　3.　　????　4.　　????　5.　　????答案
[语篇解读]　文章主要对Moatton的新建公路进行了优点和缺点的论述。
1.C????根据提示“You need a title here”,可知此处是标题,因此要选择能体现报告中心的句子,中心就是论述Moatton的新建公路。
2.A　根据提示“Divide your report into two parts”可知此处应为报告中的一个部分,根据其下的第2点和第3点可确定这部分讲述的是优点。因此选择A项。
3.D　第2项讲述优点,因此此处应选择有利的方面,因此选择D项。
4.B　根据下面的三点可知,此处讲述的是缺点。因此选择B项。
5.E　根据提示“Show your opinion here”可知,此处应表明自己的观点,故选E项。长难句
This report will look at the effect that the new road near Moatton will have on the people who live there.这个报告会看到在Moatton附近的新建公路对生活在那里的人们所产生的影响。
本句是一个复合句。that引导的是定语从句修饰先行词the effect。在that从句中包含了由who引导的定语
从句修饰先行词people。
重点词汇　effect n.影响　local adj.当地的　reduce v.减少
词汇积累　conclusion n.结论Passage 3(2017金华)
阅读下列短文,在空白处(1-5)填入与短文内容相符的信息,完成阅读摘记。
English is the first language of several countries. However, it has many differences. British, American, and South African English are all spoken differently. In many English language courses, the British and American differences are taught. One is not more correct than the other, but there are important differences between the two.
Probably the biggest difference between American and British English is the vocabulary. Different words and expressions are used to talk about the same thing. For example, in the United States, people throw their garbage into the trash can. In England, people throw their rubbish into the dustbin. In Britain, people take a lift to the fifth floor. In America, people take an elevator.American and British grammar can be also different. For example, speakers of British English will ask “What did you do at the weekend?”, but Americans usually say “on the weekend.” In the United States people usu-ally say “I've gotten a new car.”, but in the UK they will say “I've just got a new car.”
The pronunciation in American and British English is also different, even when the spelling is the same. The word “tomato”—pronounced “to-mah-to” in British English—is a classic example of this.
Vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation are three ways English is different in different parts of the world. Learning all these is not easy, so English learners should just know that they are always there.1.　　????　2.　　????　3.　　????　4.　　????　5.　　????答案
[语篇解读]　这篇短文以美国英语和英国英语为例从词汇、语法、发音三个方面具体说明了不同国家英语的不同。
1.trash can　根据第二段中in the United States, people throw their garbage into the trash can可知在美国英语中垃圾箱用trash can表示。
2.lift　根据第二段中In Britain, people take a lift to the fifth floor. 可知英国英语中电梯用lift,故填lift。
3.On　根据第三段but Americans usually say “on the weekend.”故填On。
4.got　根据第三段中的but in the UK they will say “I've just got a new car.” 故填got。
5.Pronunciation　第四段主要介绍的是美式英语和英式英语的发音不同,故填Pronunciation。
长难句
Vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation are three ways English is different in different parts of the world.词汇、语法和发音是英语在世界上不同地方各不相同的三个方面。
主语是Vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation,谓语动词是are,表语是three ways,定语从句English is differ-
ent in different parts of the world修饰先行词ways。
重点词汇　vocabulary n.词汇　dustbin n.垃圾桶Passage 4(2016杭州)
　　下面文章中有五处(第1—5题)需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中选出符合各段意思的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。
A.Remember the environment
B.Keep a good memory for your holiday
C.Travel with your friends
D.Do some research
E.Get organized
F.Help the local population
Travel Tips for Holidays Abroad
Everyone loves holiday abroad. They give us the chance to see some sights, have some fun and relax. However, holidays aren't always a great experience. Follow these tips to make sure you enjoy your holiday.
1.　　????Have you packed your passport?Your tickets?Every year, thousands of people miss flights because they've for-gotten their passport, they arrive at the airport too late, or even go to the wrong airport!
2.　　????
How much do you know about the place you are going to visit?Learning a little about the culture of a country will help you understand the people. Learning a few words of another language can also help you make new friends.
3.　　????
Try to reduce the pollution you cause. Travel by train if you can. Flying produces twenty times more carbon dioxide than travelling by train. Of course, it might be impossible to avoid flying, but when you arrive, use buses or trains instead of taxis.
4.　　????
You can help a local community a lot by staying in local hotels and eating in local restaurants. This means that your money will go to local people, rather than to a large international company.5.　　????
You don't want to forget your holiday. Make a scrapbook—a book of memories—about your holiday. You can show it to friends, or just use it to remember all the good times you had! And don't forget the new friends you made on holiday. Did you promise to send them pictures or presents?Don't forget to do it!Then next time you go on holiday, you can visit them again.答案
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇出国旅行指南,包括一些合理的建议及攻略。
1.E????由本段的内容可知应该选择E项。
2.D　由本段的内容可知我们需要了解我们将要参观的地方的文化、语言等,故应该选择D项。
3.A　由本段第一句话可知应该选择A项。
4.F　本段提倡入住当地旅馆、在当地的饭店就餐,由此可知选择F项。
5.B　由本段第二句话可知应该选择B项。
长难句
This means that your money will go to local people, rather than to a large international company.这意味着你的钱给了当地人,而不是给了一个大国际公司。
句中that引导宾语从句,作动词means的宾语。题组四????
Passage 1(2019衢州)
假如你在友好学校Cloverport School夏令营期间观摩了当地小镇的一个节日活动,请根据其中的一项活动宣传单,完成一则英文报告,每空限填一词。　　Hello, everybody!I'm so glad to experience the Sacajawea 　1????in the town of Cloverport. It's a community festival to bring people together. Teen Mr. Cloverport is a competition for 　2????from thirteen to sixteen years old. My new friend Tristan paid 　3????dollars to enter it. He was really excited about it. They have to wear homemade clothes instead of those bought from a 　4????. I think the spirit of DIY really matters. To follow the rules, they are not 　5????to smoke, drink wine, or speak rudely. They should be well-behaved. Thank you!答案
[语篇解读]　本文介绍了Teen Mr. Cloverport夏令营的规则。
1.Festival????根据左侧方框第五点中的while speaking for the Sacajawea Festival可知设空处应为Festival。
易错警示????首字母需大写。
2.boys　根据左侧方框第一点中的for ALL boys aged 13~16可知设空处为boys。
3.ten/10　根据左侧方框中的气泡中的文字可知设空处填ten或者10。Entry Fee报名费。
4.shop/store/market/supermarket　根据左侧方框中的第三点中的shop-bought可知,设空处应填表示“卖场”的词,此处答案有多种,合理即可。
5.allowed　根据左侧方框第四点可知,这些行为都是被禁止的。
重点词汇　fill out the form填写表格Passage 2(2018金华)
阅读下面短文,根据文中信息完成一张海报。每空限填三词。
Doing “Clean”Exercise
When you go for a run outside, chances are that you'll find litter all around you. Do you just go past it, or do you stop and pick it up? If you choose the second, you're part of the latest popular sport in the West: plogging.
The word “plogging” is the Swedish phrase “plocka upp”(pick up) and the English word “jogging”(run-ning slowly)put together.
What a plogger needs is a rubbish bag and a pair of gloves to protect your hands. While collecting rubbish, plog-gers learn to classify (分类)and deal with it correctly, too.
Plogging seems simple but it does a lot of good to both the environment and your health. It can not only make the world greener, but also get you full body exercise. For example, a 30-minute plogging burns around 288 calories(卡路里), compared to 235 calories burned from just jogging.So next time you go out jogging, why not carry a rubbish bag and collect some litter along the way? Your body
and the environment will thank you.
? 答案
[语篇解读]　文章主要对plogging这些新流行的运动进行了介绍:即边慢跑边捡垃圾。
1.plogging　根据第一段的最后一句可知,设空处应该填写plogging。
2.a rubbish bag　根据第三段的第一句可知。
3.deal with　根据第三段的第二句可知。
4.the environment　根据第四段的第一句可知。
5.greener/more beautiful　根据第四段的第二句可知。
长难句
What a plogger needs is a rubbish bag and a pair of gloves to protect your hands.一个慢跑捡垃圾的人所需要的是一个垃圾袋和一双保护你的手的手套。
本句是一个复合句,What a plogger needs是一个主语从句。
重点词汇　Swedish adj.瑞典的　phrase n.短语
词汇积累　latest adj.最新的,最近的Passage 3(2016宁波)
以下是一篇记者对杂技演员Michael的采访记录。请仔细阅读Michael的回答,从A—E中选出对应的记者提问填入空白处。
A.How is a day at work?
B.What is hard about your job?
C.Why do you love your job?
D.How much are you usually paid?
E.What skills do you need to be a trapeze(高空秋千)artist?
Reporter:　1????
Michael:I perform in the evenings, but luckily I don't have to get up early. So in the mornings I sleep in, then practise on stage for 45 minutes. I have to do a lot of exercise before each show.
Reporter:　2????
Michael:Because it's like a dream of flying. When you do a great performance on the trapeze, it's an unbelievable feeling.
Reporter:　3????
Michael:Working at such a high level every day. Sometimes you wake up with a stomachache, but you have to perform.
Reporter:　4????
Michael:You need to be strong to deal with physical training. You mustn't be heavy, or your partner can't catch you easily. You can't be at all nervous when there are 5,000 people watching you.
Reporter:　5????
Michael:We get paid per show and the amount depends on your contract(合同).Of course, we can get extra mon-ey for extra performances.
1.　　????　2.　　????　3.　　????　4.　　????　5.　　????答案
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记者对杂技演员的采访记录。
1.A????Michael的回答是告知他一天的活动,由此可知选A。
2.C　由回答中的Because可知,问题是Why...?
3.B　由回答中的wake up with a stomachache, but... 可知,工作中有困难。
4.E　由回答中的need to, mustn't be, can't be可知作为一个杂技演员有很多的技能需要培训。
5.D　由回答中的get paid可知。Passage 4(2015嘉兴)
这是初中选修教材Reading for Enjoyment的目录(contents)。请仔细阅读该目录,完成对教材内容的介绍。
ContentsHere's a contents table from Reading for Enjoyment.There are　1???? modules in this book.Each module has three parts—　2????,Reading and Culture.The topics are Friendship,Wild world,Healthy living and　3????.The Reading part provides lots of fresh reading passages,which help students improve their　4???? skills such as finding facts, and bring them great enjoyment as well.The　5???? part provides rich cultural background through short stories. The book helps open up students' eyes and improve their comprehension abilities.答案
1.four/4????由表格竖行第一栏可看出。
2.Topic　由表格横行第一栏可看出。
3.Music　由表格竖行第二栏可看出。
4.reading　第三栏是讲Reading的。
5.Culture　第四栏是讲Culture的。
长难句
The Reading part provides lots of fresh reading passages, which help students improve their reading skills such as finding facts, and bring them great enjoyment as well.阅读部分提供了大量的新颖阅读文章,可以帮助学生提高他们阅读技能,比如寻找事实细节,同时也带给他们极大的乐趣。
本句中which引导的是非限制性定语从句。题组一????B组　2015—2019年全国中考题组Passage 1(2019天津)
　　阅读下面短文,根据短文内容完成句子。
Friends are an important part of our lives. We spend time with them, have fun together, and share our opinions, feelings and even secrets. Life would be boring without friends. Friends influence who we are, help us learn, support(支持)us in good and bad times, and care for us even when we are not happy.
Often, we have many happy moments with our friends. We need someone to share things with to make them more enjoyable. Being lonely for long periods of time is not a great feeling. That is why it is important to spend time making friends and nurturing(维持) a close group of friends.It is important to have a friend to talk to, whether(不论)it is about a sad or happy subject. In good times, it is wonderful to be able to celebrate with someone. It is also important to have someone support you if you have just had an unpleasant experience. Friends are important pillars(中心人物)of support.
Friends teach us important lessons. No one person is the same. As time goes by, we learn to respect one another's differences. This acceptance of others' differences is important as we meet more and more people in our lives, such as new family members, neighbours and new friends.
1.Life 　　　　　???? without friends.
2.Being lonely for long periods of time 　　　　　????.
3.It is important to have a friend to talk to, whether 　　　　　????.
4.You need someone to support you if 　　　　　????.
5.No one person is the same, so we should 　　　　　????.答案
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了朋友的重要性,朋友在我们的生活中是十分重要的,我们花时间和朋友在一起,跟朋友一起玩,分享彼此的想法,同时朋友也教会我们许多东西。
1.would be boring　根据第一段第三句“Life would be boring without friends.”可知本题答案。
2.is not a great feeling　根据第二段第三句“Being lonely for long periods of time is not a great feeling.” 可知本题答案。
3.it is about a sad or happy subject　根据第三段第一句“It is important to have a friend to talk to,whether it is about a sad or happy subject.”可知本题答案。
4.you have had an unpleasant experience　根据第三段第三句“It is also important to have someone support you if you have just had an unpleasant experience.”可知本题答案。
5.(learn to) respect one another's differences　根据最后一段第三句“As time goes by,we learn to respect one another's differences.”可知本题答案。长难句
This acceptance of others' differences is important as we meet more and more people in our lives, such as new family members, neighbours and new friends.当我们在生活中遇到越来越多的人时,比如新家庭成员、邻居和新朋友,接受他人的差异是很重要的。
as在这里引导时间状语从句,意思是“当……时”。
重点词汇　care for 关心　opinion n.观点,看法
词汇积累　respect v.尊敬,尊重　acceptance n.接受Passage 2(2018四川成都)
根据短文内容,从短文后的A~F选项中,选出5个适当的选项补全短文。
Have you ever tried to hide your emotions(情感)from someone during a conversation? 　1????
Scientists from the Ohio State University have found that people are able to tell other people's emotions accord-ing to changes in the color of their faces.Scientists studied pictures of people's facial expressions.　2???? For example,
happiness makes our faces red around the cheeks and a little blue around the chin. Disgust(厌恶)creates not only a blue-yellow color around the lips, but also a
red-green color around the nose and forehead.“We believe these color patterns are the result of small changes in blood flow triggered(触发)by the central
nervous(神经)system.”Lead researcher Alex Martinez said.　3???? Does the color alone or also facial expressions help people tell others' emotions?
To figure this out,scientists added color patterns to pictures of faces that showed no facial expressions.　4???? They were able to tell the emotions 75 percent of the time without any difficulty.
　5???? For example,when two people are heatedly arguing over something,we say they are red in the face. When a person is very angry, we'd say he or she is blue in the face.
A.But this raises a question.
B.It is shown that human emotions are influenced by colors on the face.
C.They found that every facial expression is connected to a certain color.
D.It's not always easy,because the color on your face may tell the truth.
E.Then, volunteers were asked to tell what emotions the faces were showing.
F.This is why there are some Chinese sayings that connect emotions to the color of one's face.答案
[语篇解读]　本文为一篇说明文,主要揭示了人的情感和脸色之间的关系。
1.D????句意:掩饰你的情感并不总是容易的,因为你的脸色会说明真相。上句说有的人在说话时会掩饰自己的情感,但下文中说实验证明可以通过人的脸色的变化来判断人的感情。所以本句话应该和上文是转折关系,并且引出下文。故选D。
2.C　句意:他们发现每个面部表情都和某种颜色有联系。接下来就是举例说明不同的情感对应着不同的脸色。故选C。
3.A　句意:但这提出了一个问题。下句就是该问句的内容。根据上下文语境可知选A。
4.E　句意:然后志愿者们被要求辨别这些脸上表达了什么样的情感。根据下文他们能毫不费力地辨别出75%的情感可知应该选E。
5.F　句意:这就是为什么中国有一些把情感和脸色联系起来的谚语。下文恰好列举了一些这样的谚语,故选F。长难句
Scientists from the Ohio State University have found that people are able to tell other people's emotions accord-ing to changes in the color of their faces.来自俄亥俄州立大学的科学家们已经发现人们能够根据其他人脸色的变化辨别他们的情感。
本句为主从复合句,句子主干为Scientists from the Ohio State University have found that...,that引导的是宾语从句。be able to do sth.意为“能够做某事”;according to...意为“根据……”。
重点词汇　hide v.隐藏　happiness n.快乐,高兴　conversation n.会话,对话
词汇积累　emotion n.情感　disgust n.厌恶　figure out 弄清楚,弄明白Passage 3(2017天津)
　　阅读下面短文,根据短文内容完成句子。
　　Hans Christian Andersen, a great Danish(丹麦的)writer, is very famous for his fairy tales(童话). He wrote a lot of best-known stories such as The Emperor's New Clothes and The Ugly Duckling. His fairy tales have brought happiness to children across the world. The tales have versions(版本)of over a hundred languages.
Andersen was born in Denmark in 1805. When he was still a young boy, he was already very clever and imagi-native(富于想象力的). He created a small toy theatre and made clothes for his puppets(木偶). He also loved reading.
In 1816, his father died and he learned to be a tailor(裁缝). Later he worked in a factory. At the age of fourteen, Andersen moved to the capital of Denmark to become an actor and gave performances(演出)in the Royal Danish Theatre. However, his voice changed when he grew older, so the job had to stop. Then he began to write poems and fairy tales.
In the spring of 1872, Andersen fell out of bed and didn't get well again. He lived until 1875 and died peacefully at the home of his close friends.
1.Hans Christian Andersen is very famous for　　????.
2.Andersen created a small toy theatre and 　　???? for his puppets.
3.Andersen moved to　　????to become an actor.
4.Andersen couldn't give performances because　　????.
5.In 1872, Andersen　　????and didn't get well again.答案
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了丹麦作家汉斯·克里斯汀·安徒生的一生。他从小聪明、富有想象力并喜欢阅读,当过裁缝,进过工厂,还当过演员,后来开始写诗和童话。
1.his fairy tales????由第一段第一句可知安徒生因为童话而著名。
2.made clothes　由第二段第三句可知。
3.the capital of Denmark　由第三段第三句可知他搬到丹麦的首都,变成了一名演员。
4.his voice changed　由第三段倒数第二句可知他放弃表演是因为声音的改变。
5.fell out of bed　由最后一段第一句可知。Passage 4(2016北京)
阅读短文,根据短文内容,从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项只能用一次。
Tips for Writing Better Articles
Many of us don't spend a lot of time improving our writing skills. This can be a problem when we hand in our ar-ticles. Good writing skills will help us improve our grades and benefit us later in life.　1????.
Make good word choices. When we're not sure which word is the right one for a sentence, look it up in a dictio-nary. Many of us choose words in a hurry and don't take the time to decide if they're proper. 　2????.Check facts. If we want people to believe what we write, we must make sure
our facts are true. We should use dependable facts.
Rewrite. A common problem is that we don‘t like to rewrite. In fact rewriting is the best way to find out and correct some mistakes, like grammar and spelling mistakes. 　3????, though it takes more time and more work. Read aloud. Sometimes it's easier to find problems with spelling, word usage, and grammar when we read aloud.
Reading aloud helps us not only find out our problems but also develop our writing.
　4????. Preparing a list is necessary for writing a good article. Such a list includes:Is there a proper title? Have we explained every point? Are all the parts of the article included? This can help us to make sure that we have covered everything.
　5????. But with a few simple steps, we can improve our writing skills and learn how to write better articles.
A.Prepare a list
B.The following tips can be helpful
C.Rewriting makes our writing better
D.It is not easy to become a better writer
E.Good word choices are necessary for good writing答案
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。本文就如何写好文章提出了几点建议。
1.B????本句起到一个承上启下的作用,前面说到好的写作技巧将帮助我们提高成绩,下文就如何写好文章提了几点建议,故此处选择B。
2.E　该段落的小标题为“Make good word choices”。所以此题应选E,与小标题内容一致。
3.C　前面的小标题为“Rewrite”,所以此处应选C,与小标题一致。
4.A　此处是该段的小标题,后面内容说的是“Preparing a list...”所以此处应选A,与本段内容一致。
5.D　由空后的内容可知,该段在总结上文,结合转折连词But及备选项可知此题应选D。题组二????Passage 1(2019广东,C)
配对阅读。左栏是五位学生打算成立俱乐部时所遇到的问题,右栏是相应的建议,请为左栏的每位学生选择一个合适的建议。答案
[语篇解读]　本篇属于信息配对类阅读,内容是为打算成立俱乐部但遇到了问题的五位学生选择适合他们的建议。
1.D　本题中的关键信息点a cooking club/how much it will cost和D选项中的As for the cost/She must know a lot about cooking.相对应,故选D。
2.F　本题中的关键信息点how to start an environmental club in school和F选项中的You can first give speech-es about protecting the environment at school.相对应,故选F。
3.B　本题中的关键信息点a swimming club/whether his school can help to build a pool和B选项中的pools are expensive/get the swimmers to a nearby pool相对应,故选B。4.A　本题中的关键信息点an English club/worries about the time and the place they can meet与A选项中的 Setting up an English club/then decide where and when to meet相对应,故选A。
5.C　本题中的关键信息点a club about poetry/how to get people to join与C选项中的Reading poems can be very fun./first ask your classmates to join相对应,故选C。
重点词汇　care about关心　think of 考虑,想起　worry about 担心　set up建立　as for至于　even if即使Passage 2(2018福建,E)
阅读下面短文,从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项,使短文通顺、连贯,意思完整。
We should not use more water than we actually need. If we do, we will not have enough water in the future.　1????It is not a difficult question to answer. If we remove more fresh water than nature replaces, we have taken too much.
Many cities run campaigns(运动)to get people to stop wasting water. They show them ways they can cut back on water use.　2????What's more, they carry out programs that offer money to reduce water use. For example, they give people shower heads and toilets that use less water.　3????
Another threat(威胁)to our water supply is pollution. When our sources of fresh water get polluted, we can no longer use this water. This also endangers(危及)the animals that depend on the water.
　4????We can save lots of water by not letting taps(水龙头)run while we brush our teeth or by turning off taps right after washing hands. By collecting cold water when we're taking warm showers, we can also save water.????5????In this way, we can make full use of water.
A.However, just how much is too much?
B.There are several things we can do to save water.
C.Finally, they make laws to control the use of water.
D.We don't have to let the cold water run until it gets warm.
E.They also increase water bills for people who use too much.答案
[语篇解读]　本篇文章共四段:(一)总述段:我们不应当使用比实际需要更多的水,否则,将来我们没有足够的水。(二)分述:许多城市发起运动让人们停止浪费水。(三)分述:对于供水的另一个威胁是污染。(四)分述:我们可以怎样节约用水。
1.A????从设空处后一句“It is not a difficult question to answer.”及下文的“we have taken too much”可知,此处是一个问句。五个选项中仅A为特殊疑问句,且内容吻合,故选A。
2.E　从设空处前一句“They show them ways they can cut back on water use.”及设空处后一句“What's more, they carry out programs that offer money to reduce water use.”可知此处讲述“他们是如何节约用水的”,人称上用“they”,符合的选项有C和E,再由E中的“also”可判断,此处应选E。
3.C　第二段讲述一些城市节约用水的方法。从上文“They show...”“They also...”“What's more, they carry...”的排序可知此处应选C。“Finally, they make...”句型和顺序与上文呼应。
4.B　第四段讲述我们可以怎样节约用水。设空处是第四段的总述句,B项符合题意。故选B。5.D　从设空处后一句“In this way, we can make full use of water.”可知,设空处应是介绍一种节约用水的
方法。故选D。
长难句
When our sources of fresh water get polluted, we can no longer use this water.当我们的淡水资源被污染时,我们就不能再使用这种水。
此句为包含时间状语从句的复合句。when引导时间状语从句,主句部分为we can no longer use this water,是主谓宾结构。
重点词汇　enough adj.足够的　future n.将来　nature n.自然　reduce v.减少Passage 3(2017陕西,Ⅶ)
　　阅读下面短文,根据短文内容,完成下列各题。
Friendship Day is a great day for celebrating friendship. It falls on the first Sunday of August every year. Cele-brating the festival was firstly started by the US in 1935. But now this doesn't only happen in the US. People in other countries are interested in it, too.
The idea of spending the day with friends was spread all over the world. With more and more countries joining in the celebrations, Friendship Day soon became an international festival.
Between 1935 and 1997, Friendship Day didn't have a symbol(象征), like Santa Claus for Christmas. However, in 1997, theUnited Nations named Winnie the Pooh as the world's Ambassador(大使)of Friendship.
The traditional celebrations include activities such as meeting with friends and exchanging(交换)cards, flowers and gifts. Some people may have parties with their friends. Some may have lunch or dinner together. Others may hang out or go to the movies with friends on this special day. These are popular among all age groups from teenagers to old people.Although Friendship Day and its celebrations may have changed over the years, the basic idea behind the festival remains the same. People enjoy the moment they spend together and express love and care for their friends.
1.When is Friendship Day?
It is on　　　　　　　　????every year.
2.What does“this”in the first paragraph refer to?
It refers to　　　　　　　　????.
3.What does the fourth paragraph mainly tell us?
It's mainly about　　　　　　　　　　　　　????to celebrate Friendship Day.
4.What's the basic idea behind the festival?
People enjoy the moment they spend together and　　　　　????for their friends.
5.What does the writer think of the festival?
The writer thinks it's　　　　　　　　????.答案
[语篇解读]　本文为说明文。友谊节开始于美国,现在越来越多的国家开始庆祝这个节日。那天人们跟朋友们一起以各种形式庆祝。人们很享受和朋友在一起的时光。
1.the first Sunday of August????由第一段第二句“It falls on the first Sunday of August every year.”可知。
2.celebrating the festival/celebrating Friendship Day　this指代的是前一句的主语“庆祝这个节日”。
3.the activities/what people do/the(traditional)celebrations　第四段主要说在友谊节那天人们都进行什么活动。
4.express love and care　由最后一段最后一句可知。
5.great/good/wonderful/fantastic/...　由第一段第一句中a great day可以看出作者观点。Passage 4(2016天津)
　　阅读下面短文,根据短文内容完成句子。
Steve Jobs was born on 24th February 1955 in San Francisco, California. As a child, he often worked with his fa-ther on electronics.
In high school, he met Bill Fernandez and Steve Wozniak(or‘Woz’).Woz and Bill showed Jobs a computer board that they were building at the time. Jobs was very interested in it.
After high school, Jobs went to one of the best colleges in Oregon. However, he dropped out only after a few months. In the meantime, Woz worked for Hewlett-Packard, but found time to build his own computer. When Jobs saw what Woz had done, he could imagine that people would need it very much.
Together, they set up a company called Apple. Apple Computer became a big success, and this made Jobs a rich man. Unfortunately, Jobs's personality(性格)made him very difficult to work with. He left Apple to set up an-other company. Soon, Apple started to do badly. Jobs returned to Apple and helped make the company success-ful again.Back at Apple, Jobs was responsible(负责)for the development of the iMac, iTunes, iPod, iPhone and iPad.
In 2003, Jobs got very ill and died on 5th October 2011.
1.When Jobs was in high school, Woz and Bill showed him　　????that they were building.
2.When Woz worked for Hewlett-Packard, he found time to　　????.
3.Jobs and Woz set up　　????called Apple.
4.Jobs left Apple because he　　????.
5.In 2003, Jobs　　????and died on 5th October 2011.答案
1.a computer board????细节理解题。由第二段第二句可知答案。
2.build his own computer　细节理解题。由第三段第三句可知答案。
3.a company　细节理解题。由第四段第一句可知答案。
4.was very difficult to work with　细节理解题。由第四段第三句可知答案。
5.got very ill　细节理解题。由最后一段可知。题组三????Passage 1(2019河北)
　　阅读短文,并按要求完成1~5题。
Critical thinking(批判性思维)is trying to improve the way you think. People use critical thinking in every area of life to solve problems and evaluate claims(评估主张).
Like every other skill, critical thinking takes practice. When a problem comes our way, we need to think critical-ly to decide how to solve it. When we see an advertisement, for example, we should stop and think. Advertise-ments are made to make people feel certain that they are true, and then people can buy the products. But is what the advertisement says true?Is it making a claim?Or does it only interest us?Critical thinking is important and stops us from making poor choices. In fact, we are using it if we ask questions naturally about what we see.
Practice makes perfect. While you are growing in critical thinking, you‘ll become a wiser and more thoughtful person. There are many ways of doing practice. Here are a few:★Read about a topic people disagree on. Look at articles or books on all sides of the subject. For each side of the subject, think carefully and evaluate it.
★When you see or hear a claim, ask questions about it. Who is making the claim and why?
★Evaluate your own thinking. Where and why do you think uncritically?How can you improve?
Critical thinking should be part of everything we do. It may help you to succeed at work or school. Make your-self into a habit of critical thinking. Change your thoughts and change your world.
1、2题完成句子;3题简略回答问题;4题找出并写下第二段的主题句;5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。
1.People use critical thinking to　　　　　????and evaluate claims.
2.Critical thinking can stop us from　　　　　　　　????.
3.What kind of person will you become as you grow in critical thinking?
?? ??
4.??? ?
5.??? ? 答案
[语篇解读]　本文为议论文。本文论述了生活中我们离不开批判性思维,批判性思维会使人们更加理智、更有思想,避免做出不当的选择。本文也讲了如何培养批判性思维。
1.solve problems　根据第一段第二句话内容“People use...evaluate claims.”可知本题答案。
2.making poor choices　由原文第二段倒数第二句内容“Critical thinking...poor choices.”可知本题答案。
3.A wiser and more thoughtful person./I'll become a wiser and more thoughtful person.　根据文章第三段第二句话内容“While you are...thoughtful person.”可知本题答案。
4.Like every other skill, critical thinking takes practice.　由第二段内容可知本段是总分结构,故第二段的第一句就是本段的主题句。
5.它/批判性思维可以/能帮助你在工作中或学业上(取得/获得)成功。　It 可以译成“它”或者“批判性思维”,at work or school译成“在工作中或学业上”。长难句
When a problem comes our way, we need to think critically to decide how to solve it. 当问题来临的时候,我们
需要用批判性思维决定如何去解决它。
本句中When引导时间状语从句,主句为we need to think critically to decide how to solve it。
重点词汇　solve v.解决　decide v.决定
词汇积累　stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事Passage 2(2018河北)
　　阅读短文,并按要求完成1~5题。
Artificial intelligence (AI)(人工智能) is growing rapidly. We are living in a world that depends more and more on AI. AI is a group of technologies that help machines get, understand and use information to do tasks.
AI's recent developments have got a lot of social attention. Some people have welcomed AI because it makes things possible. For example, AI will have a big influence on areas like medicine and engineering. But this atten-tion has also produced a lot of fear. Especially, many workers are worrying that AI could make them lose their jobs.
According to a recent study, nearly five percent of jobs will disappear because of AI. In some industries, AI is al-ready doing the work that people used to do, such as assembling (装配) cars, digging the coal and lifting goods. Self-driving cars and trucks controlled by AI will also take away the drivers' jobs in the future.
On the other hand, AI will also create many new jobs for people. More people will be needed to write pro-grammes for AI systems (系统) and they will set up and work on them, too. Meanwhile, jobs that require feelings,excellent communication skills with people will not be replaced (取代) by AI. These include jobs in fields like teaching, nursing and personal training.
AI is here. It is changing how people live and work in many ways. That makes AI important to watch, not to fear.
1、2题完成句子;3题简略回答问题;4题找出并写下第二段的主题句;5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。
1.AI is　　　　　　　　　????that help machines to do tasks.
2.　　　　　　　　　????controlled by AI may make the drivers lose their jobs.
3.What will AI create for people?
??? ?
4. ??? ?
5. ??? ?答案
[语篇解读]　本文为说明文。近年来,人工智能发展得非常迅猛,可以说我们正生活在一个越来越依靠人工智能的时代。人工智能给我们带来了便捷和高效,但同时也引发了人们的一些恐慌。那么我们究竟应该怎样看待人工智能呢?本文就这一问题进行了深入的阐述。
1.a group of technologies????由第一段第三句话“AI is a group of technologies that help machines get, under-stand and use information to do tasks.”可知本空填a group of technologies。
2.Self-driving cars and trucks　由第三段的最后一句话“Self-driving cars and trucks...in the future.”可知本空填Self-driving cars and trucks。
3.Many new jobs./AI/It will create many new jobs for people.　由第四段的第一句话“On the other hand, AI will also create many new jobs for people.”可知本题答案。
4.AI's recent developments have got a lot of social attention.　第二段为总分关系,下文从两个方面讲述了人工智能带来的好的影响和引发的恐慌,故本段第一句为本段的主题句。5.它/人工智能在很多方面改变着人们的生活和工作方式。　翻译时注意how在本句话中提问“方式”,故
把how people live and work翻译成“人们的生活和工作方式”要比“人们怎样生活和工作”更合适。短语“in many ways”意为“在许多方面”。
长难句
AI is a group of technologies that help machines get, understand and use information to do tasks.人工智能是一组帮助机器获得、理解并且使用信息完成任务的技术。
本句为复合句。句子主干为AI is a group of technologies。that引导定语从句,其先行词为technologies。
重点词汇　rapidly adv.快速地　influence n.影响　especially adv.特别,尤其
词汇积累　technology n.技术　attention n.注意Passage 3(2017福建,E)
　　阅读下面短文,从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项,使短文通顺、连贯,意思完整。
Teenage life—better now, or in the past?
Does this situation sound familiar(熟悉)?
You are complaining(抱怨)to your parents about something. Maybe your computer isn't powerful enough to play the latest games. 　1????Then you hear...
“When I was your age, there weren't any computers or video games. And I didn't get a bike until I was sixteen. And it was second-hand. 　2????”
So, is it really true that life is better for teenagers now?It is certainly true that many teenagers have got more things nowadays. 　3???? So parents have got more money to spend on each child. And many things are cheaper than they were when our parents were children.
　4???? Forty years ago, no one could imagine a world with tiny computers and amazing smartphones. And now these things are necessary—we can't imagine living without them!
However, technology often means we spend more time at home. And often it's just us, with our computer or television. Teenagers don't do enough exercise. 　5????And, although young people still get on well with their friends, some people think teenagers today don't have so many social activities as they did in the past.
What do you think?How is teenage life better these days?
A.And it was too big for me.
B.A typical family is smaller now.
C.Or your friends' bikes are better than yours.
D.So they aren't as healthy as they were in the past.
E.Technology is probably the greatest change in our life.答案
[语篇解读]　青少年的生活是现在更好还是过去更好呢?本文就此进行了阐述。
1.C????根据上文的You are complaining to your parents about something.可知本空应选青少年向父母抱怨的内容,故本题选择C。
2.A　设空处是父母在描述得到的第一辆自行车,故本题选A。
3.B　由下文的So parents have got more money to spend on each child. 可知本空应选父母有更多的钱花在每个孩子身上的原因,故本题应选B。
4.E　下文讲了40年前的生活和现在的变化,由此可知本题应选E。
5.D　由上文的Teenagers don't do enough exercise. 可知现在的青少年总看电视、玩电脑,没有足够多的锻炼,故本题应选D。Passage 4(2016安徽,E)
阅读下面短文,并用英语回答问题(请注意每小题后面的词数要求)。
　　Rock climbing is a popular hobby that many people enjoy doing. You can do it indoors on special walls or outdoors on real mountains. There are many advantages of rock climbing—it is fun and it also helps people for-get worries.
The most important equipment (装备) to have is good shoes. They need to be half a size smaller than your usual size. The next thing you need is a harness (保护带). This allows you to move freely, but will hold you up if you fall. It's important to know how to use your equipment. If you are a beginner, it's best to have lessons. A climber with experience can help you a lot in the beginning.
Rock climbing is very exciting for people of different ages. Climbers, however, must be careful not to pollute the environment. Sometimes rock climbers leave rubbish on the mountains where they climb. They should take it with them and throw it away. This will allow future climbers to enjoy a clean environment.1.What advantages does rock climbing have?(不超过10个词)
????
2.What equipment does a climber need?(不超过10个词)
????
3.How can climbers help protect the environment while climbing?(不超过15个词)
???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????答案
[语篇解读]　本文是说明文。文章介绍了现在非常流行的一种运动方式攀岩的好处和活动中的注意事项。
1.It is fun and it also helps people forget worries.由文章第一段最后可知它有趣且帮助人忘记烦恼。
2.Good shoes and a harness.由第二段内容可知这种运动需要两种装备:好鞋和保护带。
3.They should take the rubbish with them and throw it away.由最后一段倒数第二句可知参加这种运动的人应带走垃圾来保护环境。题组一????C组　教师专用题组Passage 1(2019辽宁锦州)
　　根据短文内容完成短文后的思维导图。
　　Did you know that tea, the most popular drink in the world(after water), was invented by accident? Many people believe that tea was first drunk about 5,000 years ago. It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink. One day Shen Nong was boiling drinking water over an open fire. Some leaves from a tea plant fell into the water and remained there for some time. It produced a nice smell so he tasted the brown water. It was quite delicious, and so, one of the world's favorite drinks was invented.
A few thousand years later, Lu Yu,“the saint of tea”, mentioned Shen Nong in his book Cha Jing. The book describes how tea plants were grown and used to make tea. It also discusses where the finest tea leaves were produced and what kinds of water were used.It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. In England, tea didn't ap-pear until around 1660, but in less than 100 years, it had become the national drink. The tea trade from China to Western countries took place in the 19th century. This helped to spread the popularity of tea and the tea plant to more places around the world. Even though many people now know about tea culture, the Chinese are without doubt the ones who best understand the nature of tea.
? 答案
[语篇解读]　本文为记叙文,介绍了中国茶文化的起源及发展。
1.Spread tea/The popularity of tea/Tea spread 　本文分为三段。第一段介绍了茶文化的起源,第二段介绍了《茶经》,第三段介绍了茶文化的传播,由此可知答案。
2.was boiling 　根据第一段中“One day Shen Nong was boiling drinking water over an open fire. Some leaves from a tea plant fell into the water and remained there for some time.”可知答案。
3.by accident/for the first time/first 　根据第一段中“It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink.”及下面Shen Nong偶然发现茶的经过可知答案。
4.(how to)make tea 　根据第二段中“The book describes how tea plants were grown and used to make tea.”可知答案。
5.in the 18th(eighteenth) 　根据第三段中“In England, tea didn't appear until around 1660, but in less than 100 years, it had become the national drink.”可知英国人将茶作为国饮是在18世纪。长难句
It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink.据说一位名叫神农的中国统治者是第一个发现茶可作饮品的人。
It is said that...为常用句式,It为形式主语,that从句为真正主语。本句中called Shen Nong为过去分词短语作名词ruler的定语。
高级语块????by accident偶然 　It is said that...据说…… 　less than少于Passage 2(2018四川成都)
　　阅读下面短文,根据其内容,完成图表中所缺的信息。Today almost everyone has a smart phone. So street phone booths are out of date
and seem to be useless. But cities like Shanghai are trying to bring the old phone
booths to life.
Shanghai will make changes to 263 phone booths in Xuhui District. The Library
Booth is one of the six new kinds of booths, offering 60 booths for people to borrow
and read. Another kind allows users to listen to audiobooks(有声书)and even record
their own voices.Shanghai is not the only city trying to save the old phone booths. London cares about them
even more, because the red phone booths have long been a special scene in London since
the 1930s when they were painted all red. In recent years London has come up with many ideas to help phone booths stay useful. The
UK company British Telecom has added screens and free WiFi to some booths. Users can
use them to surf o