阅读经典可以使人提高素养，增长才智。但是，只有掌握了一定的阅读技巧，阅读经典才是快乐之旅。
How to start reading classic literature
The written word is one of the most powerful forms of expression. Classic literature written many years ago still has the power to educate and inspire people. Many people find it difficult to read the classics. In fact，reading the classics can be a pleasurable experience especially as you mature and develop a deeper understanding of the world.
★Read for enjoyment. Classic literature should be read for enjoyment as well as education. Look for the works by authors you're familiar with through movies or TV. Choose the type of classic literature that you enjoy reading from past experience.
★Keep a dictionary on hand. Use the Oxford English Dictionary as a reference for unfamiliar words or to define words that have changed in meaning over time. Start slowly and work on reading 30 minutes a day to get into the habit.
★Get to read its biographical information. This is because it relates to the setting of the story and author. To have a better understanding of the story，find out more about the time period in which a work was created and the background of its author.
★Do research on the Internet. Large numbers of websites，like Bibliomania，provide information for the study and exploration of classic literature.
★Understand story structure. Classic literature often contains complex plots and extensive character development. Focus on reading for the overall theme or the meaning of the story，and take notes to recognize the basic elements of the story.
★Buy literature companions.Authoritative works such as the Oxford Companion to Classic Literature or the Norton Anthology of English Literature offer popular classic works of literature to get you started.
★Understand the use of footnotes in literature. Classic literature is often full of references to social and culture elements of the past. Footnotes may be used to explain these references and make the material easier to understand.
[阅读障碍词]
1．mature v． 成熟
2．define v. 使明确
3．overall adj. 总的，全体的
4．authoritative adj. 权威性的
5．footnote n. 脚注
[诱思导读]
阅读文章，回答下面的问题
1．Classic literature is too difficult for us to read now. Do you think so?
Yes，I think so.Though difficult，it can be read little by little.
2．Which tip do you think is the most useful while reading the classics?
The last tip. Because I think footnotes are helpful to me.
Section Ⅰ Reading(Ⅰ)(Welcome to the unit & Reading)
Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思
( )1.poetry A．n.小说家
( )2.characteristic B．n.诗歌
( )3.novelist C．vt.虐待；辱骂；滥用
( )4.abuse D．adj.铤而走险的，拼命的，绝望的；
非常需要，渴望
( )5.desperate E．n.特征，特点 adj.典型的，
独特的，特有的
( )6.twist F．adj.慷慨的，大方的；宽厚
的，仁慈的
( )7.generous G．adj.弯曲的；驼背的；不诚实的
n．天赋，爱好
( )8.rigid H．adj.暴力的，粗暴的；猛烈的，强烈的
( )9.bent I．n.转折，转变；转动；急转弯
vt.& vi.(使)弯曲；转动；蜿蜒
( )10.violent J．adj.死板的，僵化的，固执的；
坚硬的，僵直的
[答案] 1－5 BEACD 6－10 IFJGH
Ⅱ.选择下列句中词组的汉语意思
A．决心做某事 B．出版，发行
C．与……无关 D．以……为背景
E．达到，符合(期望) F．忙碌，不停地奔波
( )1.Though he claimed he had nothing to do with the case，the police still found evidence to prove him guilty.
( )2.He is addicted to the films that are set in the World War Ⅱ.
( )3.You can't realize your dream unless you are
bent on achieving it.
( )4.Congratulations! Your article came out in
yesterday's newspaper.
( )5.Mom has been on the run all week preparing for Tom's wedding.
( )6.Daniel is an excellent boy; he never failed to live up to his parents' expectations.
[答案] 1－6 CDABFE
Appreciating literature
What is classic literature? Classics are the antiques(古董，文物) of the literary world.They are novels，plays and poems that were written a long time ago①and were so well written that people still read them nowadays②.They are examples of great writing and wisdom，and even those written centuries ago③ can still be found in bookshops and libraries today.
文学欣赏
什么是经典文学？经典文学作品是文学世界里的古董。它们是很久以前创作的小说、戏剧和诗歌。这些作品写得如此好以至于今天人们仍然在阅读它们。经典文学是杰出的创作及智慧的典范，即使是几世纪前写的那些作品，现在依然可以在书店和图书馆里找到。
[助读讲解] ①that引导定语从句，修饰先行词novels，plays and poems。②so...that...引导结果状语从句。③过去分词短语作定语，修饰those。
Because a lot of classics were written so long ago④，their language characteristics(特征，特点) are quite different from those of modern works.This makes them difficult for some people to read，so they are often left to gather dust on shelves⑤.Many people do not read them，because they think classics are old and boring and have nothing to do with life today.
因为许多经典文学作品是在很久以前创作的，它们的语言特色与现代文学作品的语言特色有相当大的区别。这使得一些人阅读起来有困难，所以它们常常被搁置在书架上，积满了灰尘。许多人不读经典文学作品是因为觉得它们太古老、枯燥乏味，与今天的生活没有任何联系。
[助读讲解] ④because引导原因状语从句。⑤so连接表示因果关系的并列句。
However，if this is true，why do we still find these classics in bookshops and libraries? They have not disappeared and still have a place in the world.Why else would many films adapted from them⑥ be successful? In 1995，an award-winning film based on Jane Austen's novel Emma⑦ came out.Three years later，in 1998，a modern adaptation of Charles Dickens's novel Great Expectations appeared in cinemas.Nobody would bother to make these classic novels into films if they had nothing to do with contemporary life⑧.
但是，如果这种观点是正确的，为什么我们今天仍然可以在书店和图书馆里找到这些经典文学作品呢？它们并没有消失，在当今世界仍占有一席之地。还有，为什么许多根据经典文学作品改编的电影可以大获成功呢？1995年，一部根据简·奥斯丁的小说《爱玛》改编的获奖影片问世。三年后的1998年，根据查尔斯·狄更斯的小说《远大前程》改编的现代版影片在影院上映。如果这些经典小说与现代生活没有任何关系的话，没人会花费精力将它们改编成电影。
[助读讲解] ⑥过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰films。adapted from意为“由……改编”。⑦过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰film。⑧if引导条件状语从句。
Charles Dickens: England's greatest writer
The novelist(小说家) Charles Dickens was born in Portsmouth，England in 1812.Olive Twist，David Copperfield and Great Expectations are probably his best-known works.He first published many novels one chapter(章) at a time in newspapers，and some were later performed on stage.For people at that time，his stories were like the soap operas(肥皂剧) we see on TV today⑨.He died in 1870.His tomb reads，‘By his death，one of England's greatest writers is lost to the world.’
查尔斯·狄更斯：英国最伟大的作家
小说家查尔斯·狄更斯1812年出生于英国的朴次茅斯。《雾都孤儿》、《大卫·科波菲尔》、《远大前程》可能是他最广为人知的作品。他的许多小说起初是在报纸上连载的，每次一章，有一些则后来被搬上了舞台。对于那时候的人来说，他的小说就如同我们今天在电视上看到的肥皂剧。狄更斯于1870年去世，他的墓碑上写着：“他的辞世使世界失去了一位最伟大的英国作家。”
[助读讲解] ⑨省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词soap operas。
Great Expectations
Great Expectations is set in England in the early 1800s.The author(作者) uses Pip，the main character，to tell the story.Having lost his parents⑩，Pip lives with his older sister and her husband Joe.Pip's sister often abuses(虐待) him，but Joe is a kind and simple man who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip?.
《远大前程》
《远大前程》以19世纪初的英格兰为背景。作者用小说的主人公皮普的口吻来讲述整个故事。在他父母去世之后，皮普与姐姐和姐夫乔一起生活。皮普的姐姐经常辱骂他，但乔却是一个淳朴、善良的人，他宁愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到任何伤害。
[助读讲解] ⑩现在分词的完成式作时间状语，表示该动作发生在句子谓语(lives)表示的动作之前。?who引导定语从句，修饰先行词a kind and simple man。
Pip，who is seven years old when the story begins?，is in a foggy cemetery(墓地) when a desperate criminal(罪犯) appears and frightens him.Mist is a symbol of danger in Great Expectations.Classic novels often have symbols which add interest，tension(紧张气氛) or deeper meaning to the text?.Readers may not be able to see the danger，so they need a symbol like the mist to make it clearer to them.
故事开始时，七岁的皮普正在一个浓雾笼罩的墓地中，就在这时一个穷凶极恶的罪犯突然出现了并恐吓他。在《远大前程》中雾是危险的象征。经典小说中往往有一些象征，这些象征为小说增添了趣味、紧张的气氛或者更深层次的含义。读者可能看不到危险，因此他们需要一个象征，例如雾，使危险更清楚地呈现在他们面前。
[助读讲解] ?who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Pip，其中when the story begins为时间状语从句。
?which引导定语从句，修饰先行词symbols。
There is a twist(转折) in the plot(故事情节) when a very generous(慷慨的) stranger gives Pip a large fortune.As a condition for receiving this fortune，Pip must move to London and begin the life of a gentleman.Pip is eager to begin his new life.Money and education，however，change him，and before long he becomes vain(虚荣的) and ashamed of his background.Pip dislikes it when Joe comes to visit him in London.?He has rigid(严格的；死板的) ideas of what it (有教养的) and to be a gentleman?，and is embarrassed by Joe because he does not fit these.
当一位非常慷慨的陌生人给了皮普一大笔财产的时候，故事情节发生了转折。作为获得这笔财富的一个条件，皮普必须移居伦敦，开始绅士生活。皮普迫不及待地开始了新生活。但是金钱和教育改变了他，不久他变得虚荣，对自己的身世感到羞愧。当乔来伦敦看他时，皮普并不喜欢他来。皮普对文明和绅士的内涵有着刻板的解释，而乔让他尴尬，因为乔不符合这些观念。
[助读讲解] ?it是形式宾语，代替when引导的宾语从句。?what引导名词性从句，作介词of的宾语。
Pip is bent on becoming(下决心成为) a gentleman and winning Estella's love.Estella is a beautiful girl，and for Pip she is a symbol of education and money.What it really means to be a gentleman? is an important theme(主题) in Great Expectations.Is a person with a lot of money a gentleman? Or，is a gentleman somebody who is kind and good to his friends?？
皮普一心要成为一名绅士，并赢得埃斯特拉的芳心。埃斯特拉是位漂亮的女孩，对皮普而言，她就是教育和金钱的象征。《远大前程》中一个重要的主题就是：做一名绅士究竟意味着什么。有很多钱的人就是一名绅士吗？或者，那种对朋友很善良、很友好的人才是绅士吗？
[助读讲解] ?what引导主语从句。?who引导定语从句，修饰先行词somebody。
By the end of the novel，Pip has changed a lot.He learns that wealth does not buy happiness and that friends are more important than a fancy education?.This change in Pip is called character development，which is an important part of almost any novel?.Does Joe forgive Pip? Does Pip get the girl of his dreams? Will Pip ever find out the identity of the person who gave him the money?？You will just have to read the book yourself to find out.
小说结尾时，皮普变化很大。他认识到财富买不到幸福，朋友比华而不实的教育更重要。皮普的这种转变被称为人物性格的发展，这是几乎任何一部小说中的一个重要部分。乔有没有原谅皮普呢？皮普有没有得到他的梦中女孩呢？皮普有没有查出给他钱的人的身份？你还得自己读这本书，找到答案。
[助读讲解] ?and连接两个that引导的宾语从句。?which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词character development。?who引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the person。
第一步 速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
速读P2－3教材课文，匹配段落大意
1．Part 1 A．Who is Charles Dickens?
2．Part 2 B．Brief introduction of Great Expectations
3．Part 3 C．What is classic literature?
[答案] 1－3 CAB
第二步 细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P2－3教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．All of the statements about classics are right except that ．
A．classics were written by some unknown writers
B．well written novels，plays and poems are classics
C．classics were written a long time ago
D．classics are examples of great writing and wisdom
2．Today many people don't read classics because they think ．
A．classics are usually too long
B．they don't understand classics at all
C．classics are old and boring and have nothing to do with life today
D．the different language characteristics don't interest them
3．According to the text，which of the statements is WRONG?
A．All the classics were well written.
B．Classics are old and boring.
C．You can still find some classics in bookshops and libraries.
D．Some films adapted from classics are successful.
4．All of the following information about Charles Dickens is true except that ．
A．Charles Dickens was born in Portsmouth，England in 1812
B．Oliver Twist was one of his famous novels
C．Charles Dickens died three hundred years ago
D．we can see some of his stories on TV
5．When you read Great Expectations，you will know the following information except that ．
A．Joe is a kind and simple man
B．a large fortune was given to Pip by a generous stranger
C．Great Expectations is set in the early 1800s
D．a person with a lot of money is a gentleman
[答案] 1－5 ACBCD
第三步 研读——能力升华 接轨高考
根据P2－3教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As we all know，classics are the antiques of the literary world.They are 1.examples(example) of great writing and wisdom，and even those written centuries ago can still 2.be found (find) in bookshops and libraries today.Even some films are based 3.on them.Charles Dickens is one of England's greatest writers.Great Expectations is one of his 4.famous(fame)works.The story begins when Pip is seven.
There is a twist in the plot 5.when a very generous stranger gives Pip a large fortune.Pip moves to London.Money 6.and education have changed him.He becomes vain and ashamed of his background and even dislikes it when Joe comes 7.to visit(visit) him because he isn't a gentleman.He wins Estella's love.In the end，Pip 8.has changed(change) a lot.He learns 9.happiness (happy) and friends are 10.more important(important) than wealth.
