The South African flag contains the colours of black，yellow，green，white，red and blue.The red，white and blue of the flag were carried over from the old flag，and represented the influence of the English and Dutch who first colonised the region.The red is not a true red，but a red/orange.This colour recalls the red of the Union Jack and Dutch flags and the orange of the previous flag，resulting in a combination of the two colours.Red and orange were both predominant colours in earlier South African flags.The black，green and gold are the colours of the southern African nations in general.The green theoretically reflects the unification of the various ethnic groups of southern Africa.
The colours on the flag have no meanings.However，the flag itself is a symbol of freedom and democracy，as it became the official South African flag after the first democratic election in 1994.
“Although the colours have no official meaning attached to them，they represent a synopsis of the country's vexillological history and current political realities.Black，green and yellow are the colours of Nelson Mandela's political party.Moreover，the flag
incorporates also the colors of the African National Congress and the former Boer republics flags (red，white，and blue)．The Y shape represents the convergence of South Africa's diverse society and unity.The South African flag is basically made up of former South African flags and the past meanings of the colors were that red stands for bloodshed，blue for open blue skies，green for the land，black for the black people，white for the European people and yellow for the natural resources such as gold.”
The Y or V form of the flag was chosen to symbolize the unity，or coming together，of South Africa's different groups.
1．What do the red，white and blue stand for in the South African flag?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
2．What do black，green and yellow mean in the South African flag?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【答案】 1.It stands for the influence of the English and Dutch who first colonised the region.
2．They are the colours of Nelson Mandela's political party.
Section Ⅰ Reading(Welcome to the unit & Reading)
Ⅰ.词义搭配
1．abolish A．to officially end a low，a system or an institution
2．symbolize B．the fair treatment of people
3．justice C．the state or quality of being pure
4．salute D．to touch the side of your head with the fingers of your
right hand to show respect，especially in the armed forces
5．submit E．to give a document，proposal，etc. to sb. in authority
so that they can study or consider it
6．purity F．to be a symbol of sth.
【答案】 1.A 2.F 3.B 4.D 5.E 6.C
Ⅱ.用下列短语的适当形式填空
at random；in salute to；date back to；get one's way；compare...with；split off from；such as；stand for
1．________the hero，all the children stood up from their seats.
2．They visited the temple________Qing Dynasty.
3．________ the rising sun，they are working hard.
4．He always put his clothes in his room ________，which made his mother unhappy.
5．Do you know what the“TC”________？
【答案】 1.In salute to 2.dating back to 3.Compared with 4.at random 5.stands for
Ⅰ.阅读P34－35内容，从三个选项中选择最佳答案
1．How many colors does the French flag have?
A．3. B．4. C．5.
2．Why was the French flag considered one of the most important national flag in history?
A．Because it was very beautiful.
B．Because it was in salute to the French and their revolution.
C．Because it stood for liberty, equality and fraternity.
3．When did the USA declare war on Britain in order to gain its independence?
A．On 4 July 1776.
B．Each year on 4 July.
C．Not mentioned.
4．What does white represent in the Indonesian flag?
A．Blood，sugar and bravery and fire from volcanoes.
B．The spiritual，rice and purity.
C．Sugar and rice.
【答案】 1－4 ABAB
Ⅱ.阅读P34－35内容，完成下列表格
National flags，colours and cultures
Countries
The history of the national flags
The meanings of the colours on the flags
France
The national flag was first used in 1789，the conclusion of the French Revolution led to 1.________ changes throughout the country.
Red shows the 2.____________，revolution，strength and blood of the French.Blue stands for 3.________．White represents peace and honesty.
The USA
On 4 July 1776，the USA declared 4.________，and the national flag was used.
Red represents
5.______．White means virtue.Blue stands for hard work and justice.The fifty stars stand for 6.________.The thirteen stripes are to remind people of the thirteen colonies that joined together to fight for independence from 7.________.
Indonesia
In the 13th century the national flag had nine red and white stripes.Then on 17 August，1945，after the end of World War Ⅱ，the Indonesian flag 8.________．
There are many explanations offered
for the meanings of the colours on the flag.Red stands for blood，or things that are physical.White represents the spiritual.Or the colours 9.______with food.Also some people say that red stands for the brave nature of the Indonesian people.It can also 10.______the fire that comes from the volcanoes.White is regarded as a symbol of purity.
【答案】 1.fundamental 2.bravery 3.liberty and justice 4.independence 5.strength and bravery 6.fifty states 7.Britain 8.became official 9.have a link 10.represent
Ⅲ.阅读P34－35内容，完成下面课文缩写
Today, every independent country has its 1.________ (nation) flag. The French flag was first used in 1789. Red, blue and white 2.________ (use) on the flag. Red 3.________ (symbol) the bravery, revolution, strength and blood of the French. Blue stands for liberty and justice, white represents peace and 4.________ (honest)．
On 4 July, 1776, the USA declared war 5.________ Britain and the flag was used. On the flag, red represents strength and bravery, white means virtue. Blue stands for hard work and justice, fifty stars stands for fifty states. The thirteen stripes are to remind people 6.________ the thirteen colonies that joined together to fight for 7.________ (independent) from Britain.
The Indonesian flag became official on 17 August 1945, which is 8.________ (base) on a national flag dating back to 13th century. There are many explanations offered for the meanings of the colours on the flag. Red stands for blood, or things that are physical. White represents the 9.________ (spirit). Or the colours have a link with food. Also some people say that red stands for the brave nature of the Indonesian people. It can also 10.________ (represent) the fire that comes from the volcanoes. White is regarded as a symbol of purity.
【答案】 1.national 2.were used 3.symbolizes 4.honesty 5.on 6.of 7.independence 8.based 9.spiritual 10.represent
课件24张PPT。Unit 3 The meaning of colour234567Section Ⅰ Reading(Welcome to the unit & Reading)891011121314151617181920212223Thank you for watching !Section Ⅱ Language points(Welcome to the unit & Reading)
(教材P34)These flags are more than just pieces of cloth sewn together at random with thread.
这些旗帜不仅仅是随意用线缝在一起的几块布。
(1)【要点提炼】 “more than＋名词”表示超出该名词所指，意思是“不止，不仅仅是”。
She is much more than my friend to me.
对我而言，她远远不只是我的朋友。
①“more than＋动词/形容词”时，more than起到加强语气的作用，意为“非常，很”。
②“more than＋数词”表示超出该数，意为“多于……”，相当于over。
③more...than... 可作“比……更多；与其说……倒不如说”解
④not more than 意为“不超过；不比……更多”
⑤no more than 意为“只不过；仅仅”
He is more than selfish.他非常自私。
He was more than fifty years old.他50多岁了。
She earns a lot more money than I do.
她赚的钱比我多得多。
She is more a worker than a manager.
与其说她是个经理，倒不如说她是个工人。
Tom is not more clever than Jack.
汤姆不比杰克聪明。
He is no more than an ordinary driver.
他仅仅是一个普通司机。
完成句子
①他的收入远不止那些。
His income is far ______________．
②她做事非常细心。
She is ________ careful in doing things.
③竹子不只是用于建筑。
Bamboo is used for ________ building.
【答案】 ①more than that ②more than ③more than
(2)sew vt.& vi.(sewed，sewn/sewed)缝；做针线活
My mother sewed a dress for me.
我母亲给我缝制了一套衣服。
sew (on) 缝制；缝补；缝上
sew up 缝合；缝补
have sth.sewn up 对某事有绝对把握
Can you sew a button on for me?
你能给我钉个扣子吗？
She sewed small pieces of cloth together.
她把小块布缝在一起。
They think they have the election sewn up.
他们认为这次选举他们已万无一失。
完成句子
④你能补好我裤子上的这个洞吗？
Could you ______________ in my trousers?
⑤我认为我们对这次实验有绝对把握。
I think we ________ the experiment ________．
【答案】 ④sew up this hole ⑤have；sewn up
(3)at random随机；随意
The gang picked their victims at random.
这帮犯罪分子随意选择对象下手。
His clothes were scattered about the room at random.
他的衣服乱七八糟地丢在房间里。
randomly adv. 随意地；任意地
randomness n. 随意；任意
The winning numbers are randomly selected by a computer.
获奖号码是由电脑随机选取的。
完成句子
⑥她随意翻开书就看了起来。
She opened the book ______________．
【答案】 ⑥at random and read it
(教材P34)Strengthened by the Revolution，France became a different country.大革命使法国变得强大，成为一个与众不同的国家。
(1)【要点提炼】 此句中“Strengthened by the Revolution”为过去分词短语作状语，与句子主语France构成被动关系。
Seen from the top of the hill，the town looks very beautiful.从山顶上看，这个小镇非常漂亮。
Taken according to the directions，the drug has no side effect.当按照说明服用时，这种药没有副作用。
过去分词作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致，主语与分词之间是被动关系。表示时间关系的分词短语有时可用连词while或when引出。
When offered help，one often says“Thank you” or “It's kind of you”．(时间)
当被提供帮助的时候，人们常说“谢谢”或“你真好”。
Be careful while/when crossing the street.(时间)
过马路的时候小心点。
完成句子
①____________(由于写得匆忙)，the paper is full of mistakes.
②____________(不喜欢这个电影)，Mr.Smith left the cinema.
③____________(虽然被告诉好多次了)，he still repeated the same mistakes.
【答案】 ①Written in a hurry ②Tired of the film
③Having been told many times
(2)strengthen vt.加强；巩固
The team has been strengthened by the arrival of two Spanish players.
由于两名西班牙运动员的到来，该队的实力加强了。
Aerobic exercise strengthens the heart.
有氧健身操增强心脏机能。
He does weight-training to build up his strength.
他练举重以增强体力。
He pushed against the rock with all his strength.
他用全力推那块岩石。
strength/force/energy/power
strength
常指固有的潜在力量，就人说，着重指力气，就物说，着重指强度、潜力等。
force
主要指自然界的力量、暴力、势力、说服力、压制力，法律、道德或情感的力量、军事的力量等，总之，它是活动过程中的力量。
energy
主要指人的精力、自然界的能量。
power
主要指做一件事所依靠的能力、功能，人或机器等事物的潜在的或所能发挥的力量、职权、权力或政权。
The law should remain in force.法律应当有效力。
He is a man of great strength.他是个大力士。
It's beyond my power.它超出了我的职权。
He worked with great energy.他以巨大的精力工作。
选词填空(strength，force，energy，power)
④Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas，wind and other forms of ________．
⑤The party came to ________ at the last election.
⑥Gandi insisted on winning independence by peaceful struggles，not by ________．
⑦Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his ________．
【答案】 ④energy ⑤power ⑥force ⑦strength
remind vt.提醒；使想起
(教材P34)The colours red，blue and white used on the flag remind us of the motto of the Revolution—liberty，equality and fraternity.
国旗上使用的红色、蓝色和白色不断提醒我们大革命的座右铭——自由、平等和博爱。
The secretary reminded him of the time of the meeting.秘书提醒他会议的时间。
remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某物
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
remind sb.＋从句 提醒某人……
reminder n. 引起回忆的事物，提醒人的事物，常与介词of连用
The sheer size of the cathedral is a constant reminder to the tourists of the power of religion.
仅仅是大教堂的规模就足以使游人时刻领略到宗教的威严。
You remind me of your father when you say that.
你说那样的话使我想起了你的父亲。
完成句子
①请提醒我明天给我母亲写信。
Please ________________ to my mother tomorrow.
②请提醒他必须早点到这里。
Please ________________ he must be here early.
③这些照片使我回想起我的学生时代。
The photos ________________ my schooldays.
【答案】 ①remind me to write ②remind him that
③remind me of
(教材P34)Blue stands for liberty and justice，while white represents peace and honesty.
蓝色象征着自由和正义，而白色代表和平与诚实。
(1)stand for代表；象征；表示；支持；拥护；主张；容忍；忍受(常用于否定句或疑问句中)
WTO stands for the World Trade Organization.
WTO代表世界贸易组织。
Which plan do you stand for?
你支持哪个计划？
I won't stand for any more of your rudeness.
我不愿再忍受你的无礼了。
stand aside 站到一边；让开；不参与
stand back 往后站；退后
stand by 袖手旁观；支持；帮助
stand out 显眼；突出
Don't just stand by.Can't you lend a hand?
别袖手旁观，你不能帮一下忙吗？
Yao Ming stands out in the crowd.
姚明在人群中很显眼。
(2)represent vt.代表
He represented our school.
他代表我们学校。
The country was represented at the conference by the Foreign Minister.
代表那个国家出席会议的是外交部部长。
represent vt. 描绘；表现；体现；象征；相当于
represent...as 把……描绘成
represent oneself as/to be 自称是
represent sth.to sb. 向某人说明某事
representative adj. 代表的；描写的
n. 代表者；代理人
a representative of ……的代表
Those comments do not represent the views of us all.
那些言论不体现我们所有人的看法。
The king is represented as a kind ruler in the play.
剧中国王的形象是一个善良的统治者。
represent/stand for
represent
用来表示“代表某人/某个团体/政府等”、“某种标志代表什么”、“某物(书、雕塑等)表现的是什么”和“把某人/物描绘成什么”。
stand for
往往用来表示“(字母、数字、符号等)代表/象征什么”。意为“标志”时，两者通用。
用represent和stand for的适当形式填空
①He was chosen to ____________our school at the meeting.
②What does MVP______________？
③Brown areas ______________deserts on the map.
【答案】 ①represent ②stand for ③stand for/represent
(3)【要点提炼】 该句为并列句，其中while为并列连词，表示前后两个分句之间为对比关系，常译为“然而”。
I like sports，while my husband shows interest in writing.
我喜欢运动，而我丈夫对写作感兴趣。
Tom is very good at science，while his younger brother is fond of drawing.
汤姆很擅长理科，而他的弟弟喜欢画画。
while还可以用作从属连词引导下列从句：
①引导时间状语从句，意为“在……期间；当……的时候”
②引导时间状语从句，意为“与……同时”
③引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管”
Our house was broken into while we were asleep.
我们睡觉时家里有人闯入了。
While I was waiting at the bus stop，three buses went by in the opposite direction.
我在公共汽车站等车时，对面驶过了3辆公共汽车。
While I'm willing to help，I don't have much time available.
尽管我愿意帮忙，但我没有多少时间。
【提示】 while引导让步状语从句时只能放在句首。
写出下列句子中while的汉语意思
④While the Internet is of great help，I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time on it.________
⑤In some places women are expected to earn moneywhile men work at home and raise their children.________
⑥They arrived while I was cooking.________
【答案】 ④尽管 ⑤而，然而 ⑥正当……时候
salute n．敬礼；举手礼；致敬 vt.&vi.致敬；敬礼
(教材P34)In salute to the French and their revolution，many countries have chosen to use the same colours on their flags as the French did.
为向法国人民和法国大革命致敬，许多国家决定在自己的国旗上使用与法国国旗相同的颜色。
He gave a smart salute.他利索地敬了一个礼。
①in salute(to) (向……)致意
take the salute(of) 接受……的敬礼
②salute v. 向……行举手礼；向……表示敬意；向……致意
He raised his arm in salute.
他举手致意。
They salute the flag every day at school.
他们每天在学校向国旗敬礼。
He saluted his friend with a wave of the hand.
他挥手向他的朋友致意。
In salute to the famous artist，we held a big party.
为了向那位著名艺术家表示敬意，我们举办了一场盛大的聚会。
用所给单词的适当形式填空
The soldiers ________(salute)the officers when they were passing by.
【答案】 saluted
(教材P34)When the Americans objected to this，the British would not compromise，but increased control over their American colonies instead，taking away many of their rights，and stationing soldiers there in order to make sure that the Americans would obey them.
当美洲人对此表示反对时，英国人不但没有让步，反而加强了对美洲殖民地的控制，剥夺了美洲人的许多权利，同时在美洲驻军以确保他们服从英国统治。
(1)object to(sb./sth.)反对(某人/某事)
My mother objected to every boy I brought home.
我带回家的男孩，我母亲一个都不喜欢。
People of all ethnic groups should object to separatism，protect the region's stability and strengthen ethnic unity.
各族人民应当反对分裂，维护地区稳定，促进民族团结。
①object to doing sth. 反对做某事
②objection n. 反对；异议；不服；反对的理由
have/take/make/raise an objection to (doing)sth. 对(做)某事表示反对
He raised an objection to what I proposed.
他反对我的建议。
What's your objection to my plan?
你反对我的计划的理由是什么？
oppose/object
oppose
表示采取积极行动来反对，着重于动作，反对的对象一般是较重大的事。
object
指个人不赞成某事，或持有相反的意见，常见搭配为object to sth./doing sth.。
I objected to the plan.＝I opposed the plan.＝I am opposed to the plan.
我反对这个计划。
用oppose与object的适当形式填空
①Many residents are ________to the plan of building the motorway.
②I will not wear this dress if she ________to it.
【答案】 ①opposed ②objects
(2)compromise vi.& n. 妥协；让步；违背；放弃
We had to compromise with him on the point.
我们只好就这一点和他妥协。
It's wise of you to compromise with her.
你和她妥协是明智之举。
①compromise with sb. 与某人妥协
compromise on sth. 以折中的方式解决争论、争端等
②compromise n. 妥协；和解；折中
reach a compromise 达成妥协
make a compromise 做出让步
Everybody has to be prepared to make compromises.
每个人都必须准备做出让步。
After a long talk，the two sides reached a compromise.
经过长期的谈判，双方达成了妥协。
完成句子
③她承认自己无法做出妥协。
She admitted that she__________________．
④他们不愿与军方妥协。
They were unwilling to ________________ the military.
⑤在去哪里度暑假方面上，你得做出让步。
You have to ___________on where to spend your summer vacation.
【答案】 ③was unable to compromise ④compromise with ⑤make a compromise
(教材P35)．..and on 4 July 1776，they declared that they would no longer submit to British rule.
……在1776年7月4日，他们声明他们不会再屈从英国的制度。
(1)declare vt.宣布；声明；表明；宣称
They will declare the results of the election soon.
他们将很快公布选举的结果。
declare sb./sth.(to be) 宣布某人或某事
declare for/against 声明支持/反对
declare war(on/against) (向……)宣战
declare that... 宣告……，宣称……
The accused man was declared(to be)innocent by the court.法庭宣布被告无罪。
Paredes decided to declare for federation.
帕雷德斯决定声明支持联邦政府。
Police have now declared war on drug dealers in the area.警方现在已经对这个地区的毒贩宣战了。
Jane declared that she would rather resign than change her decision.简宣称她宁可辞职也不改变决定。
declare/announce
declare
指在庄严场合，官方权威人士公开郑重宣布，有时指在公共场合对某事表明态度。
announce
指对公众或特定人群进行宣布，常指大家感兴趣的事，如国家大事和商品信息等。
用declare和announce的适当形式填空
①When they asked him for his opinion，he ________ strongly against the policy.
②A government spokesman ________ that the hostages had been released.
【答案】 ①declared ②announced
(2)submit to服从于；屈从于；把……递交给；向……提出
I will not submit to your bullying.
我不会屈服于你的欺侮。
I was unwilling to submit to his orders.
我不愿意服从他的命令。
submit oneself to 甘受……；服从……
submit...to... 向……提交……
Derek agreed to submit himself to questioning.
德里克同意接受盘问。
I submitted my paper to the examiner.
我把试卷交给了主考老师。
完成句子
③她最后顺从了父母的决定。
She ________her parents' decision at last.
④我们将服从法庭的判决。
We ________________the court's judgment.
【答案】 ③submitted to ④will submit(ourselves)to
(教材P35)This led to war，and to America gaining its independence.
这引发了战争，也使美国获得了独立。
【要点提炼】 America gaining...中America是动名词gaining的逻辑主语。
①当动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，要在动名词之前加上物主代词或名词所有格，这便构成了动名词的复合结构。其中物主代词或名词所有格表明了动名词的逻辑主语。这种形式在句中可作主语、宾语和表语。
②动名词的复合结构作宾语，其逻辑主语还可用人称代词宾格、名词来代替。
③当逻辑主语是无生命名词、有生命名词但表示泛指或两个以上的名词并列时必须用名词或人称代词宾格。
Her coming to help encouraged all of us.
她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。
Jane's being careless caused so much trouble.
简的粗心惹来了不少麻烦。
The father insisted on his son's/his son going to college.
那位父亲坚决要求儿子上大学。
The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.这个婴儿被猛烈的关门声吵醒了。
Have you ever heard of women practising boxing?
你听说过妇女练拳击吗？
Do you remember your parents and me telling you about this?
你记得你父母和我告诉过你这件事吗？
选词填空
①Would you mind ________(my/me)opening the door?
②________(My/Me)forgetting her name was embarrassing.
③It's a waste of time ________(your/you)talking to him.
④________(John/John's)coming home tomorrow excites all of us.
【答案】 ①my/me ②My ③your ④John's
date back to追溯到；上溯到
(教材P35)The flag，which is made up of a red band over a white one，is based on a national flag dating back to the 13th century，which had nine red and white stripes.
这面国旗由上红下白的两道彩条组成，是以十三世纪的九道红白条的印尼国旗为基础的。
The legend dates back to medieval times.
这个传说可追溯到中世纪。
date from＝date back to 追溯到；上溯到
date (with) 与……约会
date n. 日期；年代
out of date 过时的；陈旧的
to date 到目前为止
up to date 最新的
This custom dates from the middle of the 18th century.
该风俗始于18世纪中期。
This book is up to date.这本书是最新的。
【提示】 因追溯是从现在算起指向过去，所以这个短语常用一般现在时，也没有被动语态。
用date的相关词语完成下列小片段
My interest in stamp collecting ①______________ my schooldays.Once I got a stamp of an old temple.According to an expert，the temple has a long history ②______________ the early Tang Dynasty.
我从学生时代就开始爱好集邮。我曾收集到一枚古庙的邮票。专家说这座寺庙历史悠久，可追溯到初唐时期。
【答案】 ①dates back to/dates from ②dating back to/dating from
(教材P35)Like in many other countries，the colour white is regarded as a symbol of purity in Indonesia.像在许多其他国家里一样，白色在印尼被认为是纯洁的象征。
(1)regard...as把……认为/看作/视为
I regard jogging as the best way of keeping healthy.
我认为快走是保持健康的最好的方式。
We must regard this situation as very serious.
我们必须正视形势的严重性。
①be regarded as 被认为/看作/视为……
regard...with 持(某种感情、态度)看待；评价；注视
②regard n. 尊敬；重视；关心；考虑；关系；方面
regard for/to 尊敬……；向……问好
in this regard 在这方面；关于这一点
with regard to＝in regard to 关于
③regarding prep.＝as regards 关于；至于
They regarded his attitude with suspicion.
他们以怀疑的眼光看待他的态度。
【提示】 regard...as后面可接名词、形容词，有时还可接介词短语。该短语常用于被动语态。与之用法类似的词还有：view/see/acknowledge/consider等。
单句填空
①I have always regarded you ________ my best friend.
②I have something to say ________ regard to his conduct.
【答案】 ①as ②with/in
(2)symbol n．象征；标志；符号；记号
The dove is a symbol of peace.鸽子是和平的象征。
What is the chemical symbol for copper?
铜的化学符号是什么？
①a symbol of... ……的象征；……的标志
the symbol for... ……的符号
②symbolize vt. 象征；代表
③symbolic adj. 使用象征的；作为象征的；象征性的
be symbolic of... 是……的象征
The snake is symbolic of evil.蛇是邪恶的象征。
A wedding ring symbolizes the union of husband and wife.结婚戒指是夫妇结合的象征。
sign/symbol/mark
sign
普通用词，指人们公认事物的符号，也可指某种情况的征兆。
symbol
指作象征或表达某种深邃意蕴的特殊事物。
mark
普通用词，指为某一目的有意作的标记，也指无意留下或自然形成的痕迹。
用sign，symbol与mark的适当形式填空
③Suffering left its ________on his face.
④He only bought the yacht as a status________；he hates sailing.
⑤The economy has started to show ______ of recovery.
【答案】 ③mark ④symbol ⑤signs
(教材P37)In 1921，after great liberation in Ireland，Ireland split off from Britain to form an independent country，and the Irish substituted a new flag for the old one.
1921年爱尔兰大解放后，爱尔兰脱离了英国，建立了独立的国家并且爱尔兰人以新国旗替代了旧旗。
(1)split off (from)(与……)分手/断绝关系；离开……
She intends to split off from the band at the end of the tour.她打算在巡回演出结束后离开乐队。
split away(from)＝split off(from)
split into 分成
split with/from 和(某人)分手
split sth.between some people 在几个人之间分配；均分
split the difference 让步；妥协；折中
The river splits into three smaller streams at this point.
这条河在此处分成三条小河。
He's split with his girlfriend.他同他的女朋友分手了。
完成句子
①让我们大家共同分担费用并分享利益吧！
Let's______________between all of us.
②她按四人一组把全班分成若干小组。
She ______________groups of four.
③那名歌手去年六月和吸毒的朋友分道扬镳了。
The singer____________his friend who took drug last June.
【答案】 ①split the costs and profits ②split the class into ③split with
(2)substitute vt.用……代替vi.代替；顶替
We substituted red balls for blue ones，to see if the baby would notice.
我们用红球代替蓝球，看这是否会引起婴儿的注意。
He substituted for the teacher who was in hospital.
他代替住院中的那位老师。
①substitute A for B＝substitute B with A 用A代替B
substitute for sb./sth. 代替/取代某人/某物
②substitute n. 代替者；代用品
be no substitute 没有……那样好；不能替代
The lead singer was ill and her substitute wasn't nearly as good.
主唱歌手病了，替代她的演员远远比不上她。
Vitamin pills are no substitute for healthy eating.
维生素片不能替代健康饮食。
substitute/replace
substitute
强调“代替；顶替”，substitute A for B 用A代替B(使用A)
replace
强调“替换；更换”，即把旧的或坏的东西更换成新的，通常用take the place of更通俗些。replace A with B “用B替换A”(使用B)
用substitute和replace的适当形式填空
④She________sugar for honey.
⑤We ________ a flat tyre with a new one.
【答案】 ④substitutes ⑤replaced
课件76张PPT。Unit 3 The meaning of colourSection Ⅱ Language points(Welcome to the unit & Reading)23456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475点击右图进入…Thank you for watching !Section Ⅲ Word power & Grammar and usage
as well as表示“不仅……(而且……)”，常用于连接并列成分
(教材P38)As well as having a national flag，many countries also have a national flower.
除了有国旗之外，许多国家还有国花。
He gave me clothes as well as food.
他既给我食物，又给我衣服。
(1)连接并列成分(如形容词、副词、名词、分词、不定式等)时：
①表示“不仅……(而且……)”时强调as well as前面的成分；not only...but also...强调but also后面的成分；
②连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词与as well as前的成分在人称和数上保持一致。
(2)表示同级比较，意为“和……一样好”，此时是as...as...结构；
(3)作介词，相当于besides或in addition to，后常接名词、代词或动名词。
The students as well as their teacher are excited.
学生和老师都很兴奋。
She's clever as well as beautiful.
＝She's not only beautiful but also clever.
她不但漂亮，而且聪明。
She can speak English as well as a native speaker.
她英语说得和当地人说得一样好。
句型转换
①Not only you but also I am to blame.
→________as well as________am to blame.
②John can speak Chinese as well as French.
→John can speak________French________Chinese.
③He not only printed the books but also published them.
→He published the books，as well as______________．
④Helen as well as her brother has gone abroad.
→Helen____________ her brother has gone abroad.
【答案】 ①I；you ②not only；but also ③printed them ④along with
show sth. to sb.给某人看某物(＝show sb.sth.)
(教材P39)He was showing it to everyone and recording everyone's voice with it.他正在给大家看他的录音机并用它录下了大家的声音。
You have to show your ID card to the guard at the door.你得向门卫出示你的身份证。
show off 炫耀；卖弄；使显眼
show sb. around 带领某人参观
show sb. out 送某人出去
show up 到场，出席
Before you start work，I'll show you around the office so that you can meet everyone.你开始工作之前，我带你在办公室到处转转，这样你可以和大家见见面。
Don't look at him！He's just showing off.
别看他！他是在炫耀自己。
介、副词填空
①She likes to show ________ her nice figure by wearing tight dresses.
②The factory director showed the students______his factory.
③My mother asked me to show my grandmother______．
④The policeman put a chemical on the paper and the fingerprints showed________．
⑤He showed his passport________the customs officer.
【答案】 ①off ②around ③out ④up ⑤to
(教材P39)Even then，it would be some time before I was in the black.
即使在那时，我也要再过一段时间才能有钱。
【句式分析】 It would/will be＋一段时间＋before从句表示“要再过(多久)才……”。
It would be ten minutes before the water boiled.
要再过10分钟这水才会沸腾。
It will be one year before we meet each other.
再过一年我们才能彼此见面。
It was...before... 过了(多长时间)才……
It will be...before... 要用(多长时间)才……
It wasn't...before... 没过(多长时间)就……
It won't be...before... 用不了(多长时间)就会……
before的译法：
①表示“在……之前”，说明两个时间或两个事件之间的先后关系。
②表示“还未来得及……就……”，强调主句谓语动词所表达的时间、距离很短或花费的精力比较小。
③表示“趁着……”。
④表示“不知不觉多少时间已经过去了”。
⑤表示“……才”，强调主句所表达的时间、距离很久或花费的力量相对比较大时。
⑥表示“……就”，强调主句所表达的时间、距离很短或花费的精力相对比较小时。
⑦表示“没等、直到、等到”。
The train had left before I arrived at the station.
在我到达车站之前火车已开走了。
The phone called off before I could go to answer it.
我还没来得及去接电话，已经挂断了。
We can set off early before it gets hot.
我们可以趁着天不热早点儿出发。
Time passed quickly and three months went by before he knew it.
时间飞快地流逝，不知不觉三个月已过去了。
We waited a long time before the train arrived.
我们等了很长时间火车才到达。
I hadn't waited long before he came.
我没有等多久他就来了。
The crop will die before the rain falls.
等到天下雨，庄稼早枯死了。
写出before在下列句子中的汉语意思
①Now let me tell you this before I forget.________
②Before I could sit down，she offered me a cup of tea.________
③He died before writing a will.________
④I had not gone a mile before I felt tired.________
⑤It will be five years before we meet again.________
⑥We started before day broke.________
【答案】 ①免得 ②没等 ③没来得及 ④就 ⑤才 ⑥在……之前
(教材P41)If you expect different places to have the same food as you are accustomed to at home，then you are bound to be disappointed.
如果你期望不同的地方都有你在家习惯吃的同种食物，那么你就一定会非常失望的。
(1)【要点提炼】 the same...as引导限制性定语从句，as在从句中通常作主语、宾语，先行词是the same修饰的名词。
He is wearing the same jacket as I bought yesterday.
他穿着和我昨天买的一模一样的夹克。
①as作为关系代词可引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句所表示的整个情况或其中一部分，as在从句中通常作主语、宾语或表语，意为“正如；像……一样”。
②除上面提到的the same...as外，such...as也常引导定语从句。
③as还可以引导限制性定语从句。
As is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month.
众所周知，月球每一个月围绕地球转一圈。
He is such a clever boy as everyone likes.
他是一个人人都喜欢的聪明男孩。
the same...as.../the same...that...
the same...as...
as引导的从句表示它的内容与主句所讲的事物“相似”，是同类事物。
the same...that...
that引导的从句表示它的内容与主句所讲的事物是“同一的”，即同一事物。
This is the same bike as I put at the crossing last night.
这辆自行车跟昨晚我放到路口的那辆是一样的。
This is the same bike that I put at the crossing last night.
这就是我昨晚放到路口的那辆自行车。
翻译句子
①我买了一块和你一样的手表。
__________________________________________________________
②这就是我丢的那块手表。
__________________________________________________________
【答案】 ①I have bought the same watch as you have.
②This is the same watch that I lost.
(2)be accustomed to习惯于
I'm not accustomed to getting up so early.
我不习惯这么早起床。
I am accustomed to cold weather.我习惯于冷天。
accustom sb./oneself to(doing)sth.
使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事
get/become/be accustomed to (doing)sth. 习惯于(做)某事
be used to(doing)sth. 习惯于(做)某事
It took a while for me to accustom myself to all the new rules and regulations.
我花了一段时间才逐渐适应了所有新的规章制度。
You'll soon get accustomed to the job.
你将会很快习惯这个工作。
(3)be bound to(do)有责任或义务(做)；一定或注定(做)
You've done so much work that you're bound to pass the exam.
你下了这么大功夫，一定能考及格。
The marriage based on money is bound to break up.
建立在金钱基础上的婚姻是肯定要破裂的。
I'm bound to say... 我得说……
be bound up in 忙于；热衷于；专心于
be bound up with 有赖于；与……有关系
She is bound up in emails from her friends.
她忙于处理来自朋友的电子邮件。
His future is closely bound up with that of the company.
他的前途与那家公司的前程息息相关。
完成句子
③美国人吃饭时习惯喝咖啡。
Americans ________________ drinking coffee with their meals.
④他很快就习惯了这种新的生活方式。
He quickly ________________this new way of life.
⑤从那一刻起，我的生命就和她结下了不解之缘。
From that moment my life _________ inextricably ___________hers.
⑥如果你学习更多实用句型，你肯定会成功。
You ______________succeed if you learn more useful sentence patterns.
【答案】 ③are accustomed to ④accustomed himself to ⑤became；bound up with ⑥are bound to
状语从句
在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词等的从句叫状语从句，一般可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句等。
一、时间状语从句
在句中起时间状语作用的句子称为时间状语从句，可放在句首、句中和句尾。常用来引导时间状语从句的引导词有when，while，as，after，before，since，till，until，the moment(一……就)，hardly...when...(一……就)，no sooner...than...(一……就)等。
Don't be afraid of asking for help when it is needed.
如果你需要时别不敢求援。
Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up before I could answer the telephone.有人半夜给我打电话，但是我还没来得及接他们就挂断了。
二、地点状语从句
在句中作地点状语的从句称为地点状语从句，可置于句首、句中或句尾。地点状语从句的常用引导词有：where，wherever(无论哪里)，anywhere，everywhere，nowhere等。
After the war, a new school building was put up where there had once been a theatre.
战后，一所新学校在以前的剧院处建成。
Everywhere they went, the distinguished guests were warmly welcomed.
贵宾每到一处都受到了热烈的欢迎。
三、原因状语从句
在句中作原因状语的从句称为原因状语从句。原因状语从句可置于句首，也可置于句尾。引导原因状语从句的常用词有because，as，since，now that(既然，因为)，in that(因为)，seeing that(鉴于)等。
Now (that) you are grown up，you should not rely on your parents.
既然你已经长大了，就不应该再依靠你的父母了。
I really enjoy listening to music because/as it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.
我真的很喜欢听音乐，因为它可以帮我放松并使我不操心一天中的其他事。
四、目的状语从句
在句中作目的状语的从句称为目的状语从句。目的状语从句可置于句首、句中或句尾。引导目的状语从句的连接词主要有in order that，so that，for fear(that)(唯恐，以防)，in case(以防，以免)等。
He raised his voice in order that/so that he could make himself heard.他提高音量以便别人能听到。
Take your raincoat in case it rains.
带上雨衣以防下雨。
五、结果状语从句
在句子中作结果状语的从句称为结果状语从句。结果状语从句一般置于句尾。常用来引导结果状语从句的连接词主要有so that，so...that...，such...that...等。
He drove so carelessly that he almost lost his life.
他开车太粗心，差点丧了命。
六、条件状语从句
在句子中作条件状语的从句称为条件状语从句。条件状语从句可置于句首，也可置于句尾，有时还可置于主语和谓语之间。引导条件状语从句的连接词常见的有if，unless(除非)，as/so long as(只要)，once(一旦……就)，on condition that(只要)，in case(假如)，supposing(that)(假设)，providing(that)(假设)，provided(that)(假设)等。
You will be late again unless you hurry.
倘若不快点，你又要迟到了。
Once/If the damage is done，it will take many years for the farmland to recover.
一旦/如果遭到破坏，要花费很多年的时间才能使农田恢复。
七、让步状语从句
在句子中作让步状语的从句称为让步状语从句。让步状语从句可置于句首，也可置于句尾，有时还可置于句中。引导让步状语从句的连接词常见的有though，although，even though/if(即使)，as(虽然)，whether...or not(不管……与否/还是不)，whatever(无论什么)，whichever(无论哪一个)，whoever(无论谁)，whenever(无论什么时候)，wherever(无论哪儿)，however(无论多么)等。
All the nations should be equal，whether they are strong or not.
所有国家都应平等，不管他们是否强大。
My grandfather still plays tennis now and then，even though he's in his nineties.
尽管我的爷爷九十多岁了，他仍时常打网球。
八、比较状语从句
在句子中作比较状语的从句称为比较状语从句。它一般置于句尾。比较状语从句常用as...as，not as/so...as...，than等连接词引导。
His handwriting is as good as yours.
他的书法和你的一样好。
九、方式状语从句
在句子中作方式状语的从句称为方式状语从句。方式状语从句一般位于句尾，有时位于句中。常用的连接词有as，as if(好像)，as though(好像)等。
The injured young man acted as if/though nothing had happened to him.这个受伤的年轻人行动起来好像什么事都没有发生似的。
课件40张PPT。Unit 3 The meaning of colourSection Ⅲ Word power & Grammar and usage23456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839Thank you for watching !Section Ⅳ Task & Project
Ⅰ.阅读P43内容，判断正(T)误(F)
1．In Beijing opera，only three colors were used to paint the performers' face.( )
2．Red face paint is used for someone who is brave.( )
3．People use different colors to describe each character in Beijing opera facial painting.( )
【答案】 1－3 FTT
Ⅱ.阅读P46－47内容，从三个选项中选择最佳答案
1．What does the color red mean in South Africa?
A．Happiness and good luck.
B．Sadness.
C．Violence.
2．Why did women wear yellow ribbons on their collars or sleeves in the USA and the UK decades ago?
A．Because they wanted to show the hope that their men would come home from war or other kinds of separation.
B．Because they wanted to look more beautiful.
C．Because they wanted to mourn the men who were killed in the war.
3．What does “in the black” mean in Paragraph 5?
A．It means to be cool and elegant.
B．It means to mourn the dead.
C．It means having money or that a business is making a profit.
【答案】 1－3 BAC
require 要求；命令
(教材P43)In Beijing opera，performers are required to paint their faces in patterns and colours to help show the dimensions and depths of their characters' personalities.在京剧里，要求演员在脸上画多种脸谱并着色，以助于展示人物个性的深度和广度。
All passengers are required to show their tickets before boarding.所有的旅客上车时都要出示车票。
①require sb.to do sth. 要求某人做某事
②require doing＝require to be done
③require后接宾语从句时，谓语动词用(should)do，即虚拟语气形式。
The room requires
这个房间需要打扫。
I require that he(should)help me.
我要求他帮助我。
①与require sb. to do结构相同的词还有：
advise，allow，ask，beg，command，drive，expect，encourage，force，forbid，get，hate，help，invite，lead，like，love，order，persuade，permit，prefer，promise，request，remind，teach，tell，trust，want，warn，wish等后均可用带to的不定式作宾语补足语。
②与require doing/to be done结构一样的词还有need，want，deserve。
③在表示建议、要求、命令、决定、坚持等动词后的that从句中，谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，或省略should。常见的动词还有：advise，propose，suggest，move，ask，demand，request，urge，order，command，decide，vote，prefer，recommend，insist等。
在表示建议、要求、命令等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中，谓语动词也用虚拟语气形式，即(should)do。
They advised us to start early.
＝They advised that we (should)start early.
他们建议我们早开始。
I propose that we (should)set a deadline for handing in the plans.
我建议我们定一个交计划的最后期限。
My advice to him is that he (should) get on well with his co-workers in the company.
我给他的建议是应与公司的同事和睦相处。
The general's order was that 2，000 soldiers be sent to the earthquake-hit area.
将军的命令是派2 000名士兵到地震灾区。
翻译句子
①他要求我们早点起床。(require)
__________________________________________________________
②他们已经做出下月关闭该旅馆的决定。(make a decision)
__________________________________________________________
③他苍白的脸说明他病得严重，医生建议立刻手术。(suggest)
__________________________________________________________
【答案】 ①He required us to get up earlier/that we (should) get up earlier. ②They have made a decision that the hotel be closed next month.
③His pale face suggested he was badly ill，and the doctor suggested he be operated on without delay.
(教材P43)As Beijing opera changed over the years，other colours were introduced，each with its own meanings．
随着京剧在岁月中的变化，其他颜色也被引入，每种颜色都有自己的含义。
(1)introduce vt.介绍；倡导；提倡；引进
He introduced his friend to me.
他把他的朋友介绍给我(认识)。
introduce...into/to 把……引进/引入……
introduce A to B 把A介绍给B
introduction n. 介绍；传入
Buddhism was introduced into China about AD 67.
佛教是大约公元67年传入中国的。
The store has introduced a new range of food for children.这个店新进了一系列的儿童食品。
【提示】 introduce不能用于introduce sb.sth.结构。
完成句子
①他在聚会上介绍我认识一位法国工程师。
He ________ me ________ a French engineer at the party.
②是她最先使我体会到了帆船运动的乐趣。
It was she who first __________ the pleasures of sailing __________ me.
③大家相互介绍之后交谈就开始了。
________ were made and the conversation started to flow.
【答案】 ①introduced；to ②introduced；to ③Introductions
(2)【要点提炼】 each with its own meanings此结构是“代词＋介词短语”构成的独立结构。
Many people，most of them from the United States attended the meeting.
很多人参加了这次会议，其中大多数人来自美国。
独立主格结构的构成：
名词/代词＋
独立主格结构在句中的位置：独立主格结构一般置于句首，有时也置于句中或句尾，常用逗号与句子其他成分分开。
独立主格结构的功能：在句子中作状语。
Music over，all the audience stood up with lots of applause.音乐一结束，所有的观众都站起来报以热烈的掌声。
The audience having been seated，the concert began.观众坐好之后，音乐会开始了。
完成句子
④老师进来了，手里拿着一本书。
The teacher came in，__________________．
⑤信号发出后，火车开动了。
__________________，the train started.
【答案】 ④a book in his hand ⑤The signal given
choice n．选择；抉择；可供选择的物品
(教材P46)Our choices are almost never arbitrary，and usually quite subjective.
我们的选择几乎决不是随意的而通常是主观性的。
We have a big choice of the last fashions.
我们有最新流行的各式各样的商品供您选择。
at one's own choice 任意地；随意地
from choice 自愿地
have one's choice 可自由选择
have no choice but to do sth. 除了做某事外别无选择
make/take one's choice 作选择
there is (no) choice... (没)有……选择
There is no choice in this matter.
这件事没有选择的余地。
I have no choice but to accept his demand.
我别无选择，只好接受他的要求。
单句填空
①Some experts believe there is no choice but ________(accept)these conventions.
②Everyone can make ________ choice of his career before graduating.
【答案】 ①to accept ②a/his
connect v．把……与……连接；联系；以……联想
(教材P46)Yellow is most often connected with sunshine and warmth，...
黄色常常与阳光和温暖联系在一起，……
This railway line connects Beijing and Jiulong.
这条铁路线连接北京和九龙。
Many people connect Germany with beer.
很多人把德国与啤酒联想在一起。
①connect with/to 与……相连接
connect...with 把……(与……)联系在一起思考
be connected with＝be associated with
与……有关系；与……有亲戚关系
②connection n. 连接；结合；关系；关联
make a connection with... 与……建立关系；使与……有关系
in connection with 与……相关联；关于
in this connection 关于这一点
She is connected with the Smiths.
她与史密斯家有亲戚关系。
I went to the police in connection with the theft of my bicycle.
我因为自行车被盗一事而去警察局。
The firefighter connected the hose to a faucet in no time.
消防队员立刻把水管接到水龙头上。
完成句子
①这座桥连接着这个岛屿与大陆。
The bridge________________the mainland.
②这两条铁路连接南北交通的大动脉。
These two railways are great arteries of traffic________________．
【答案】 ①connects the island with ②connecting the south and the north
marry vt.& vi.(和某人)结婚；嫁；娶；把……嫁给……
(教材P47)In most Western countries，white is the traditional colour for wedding celebrations，and women get married in a white dress.
在大多数西方国家，白色是婚礼上用的传统颜色，女士穿白色礼服结婚。
marry sb. 娶某人；嫁给某人(marry后不加介词)
marry sb.to sb. 把某人嫁给某人
marriage n. 结婚；婚姻
married adj. 已婚的
get/be married (to sb.) (与某人)结婚
They got married last month.他们上月结婚。
She married a rich man.她嫁给了一个有钱人。
He married both his daughters to rich businessmen.
他把两个女儿都嫁给了富商。
【提示】 marry与get married强调动作，不能与表示时间段的状语连用；be married强调状态，可以与表示时间段的状语连用。
单句改错
①She married with an Englishman.
__________________________________________________________
②Have you married?
__________________________________________________________
③How long have you married?
__________________________________________________________
【答案】 ①去掉介词with ②Have→Are或married前加got ③married前加been
case n．具体情况；事例；实例
(教材P47)In some cases，white also represents things that are holy.
在一些情况下，白色也象征着神圣的事物。
In some cases，people had to wait several weeks for an appointment.
在某些情况下，人们不得不等上好几周才能得到约见。
in any case 无论如何；总之
in case＋从句 假如；以防(万一)，引导条件状语从句
in case of＋名词 假使；万一
in sb.'s case 就某人来说
in no case “在任何情况下都不”，放在句首时，句子要倒装
as the case may be 根据情况而定
In any case，you'll need to be at the station by nine.
不管怎样，你要在9点钟到车站等候。
The money will be received by the husband or wife as the case may be.
这笔钱是由丈夫还是妻子收，根据情况而定。
In case I forget，please remind me of my promise.
如果我忘了，请提醒我曾经许下的诺言。
I'll take an umbrella in case it rains.
我要带一把伞，以防下雨。
完成句子
①无论如何，所有条例都必须遵守。
All these rules must be observed ______________．
②我本不应该让任何人进来，但就你的情况来说，我就破一回例了。
I'm not supposed _________，but I'll make an exception _________．
③他们给我的工资可能不会多，如果是那样的话，我就不接受这份工作。
They may not offer me much money，__________ I won't take the job.
④你绝不应该放弃。
______________should you give up.
【答案】 ①in any case ②to let anyone in；in your case ③in that case ④In no case
(教材P47)Therefore，the next time you choose your clothes，you should think more carefully about what colours to wear.所以，下一次你选衣服时，你应该更仔细考虑一下所穿的颜色。
【要点提炼】 (the)next time在句中起从属连词的作用，引导时间状语从句，意思是“下一次”。
Take me (the) next time you go abroad.
下次你要到国外去时带我一起去。
Next time you see her，give her my best wishes.
下次你见到她时，请代我向她问好。
与the next time有类似用法的还有：
①every time，each time，the last time，the first time
②the moment，the instant，the minute
③immediately；instantly，directly
Every time I travel abroad，I buy my parents some souvenirs.
每次出国旅行，我都给父母买些纪念品。
The moment I see the general manager，I will tell him about the coming meeting.
我一看到总经理，就会把要召开会议的事告诉他。
The first time they referred to the young pianist，I thought he was a man without name.
他们第一次提到这位年轻的钢琴家时，我还以为他只是一个无名的小人物。
【提示】 当the first time引导时间状语从句时，要注意与for the first time作状语区分开来。the first time相当于连词，而for the first time只能作状语。
完成句子
①_____________(我听到声音的那一刻)，I knew father was coming.
②______________(每次我陷入困境时)，he would come to help me out.
③______________(她最后一次看到他时)，he was playing on the bank of the river.
【答案】 ①The moment/instant/minute I heard the voice ②Each/Every time I was in trouble ③The last time she saw him
怎样介绍中国的传统节日
[写作指导]
中国有不少传统节日，如the Spring Festival，the Lantern Festival，the Dragon Boat Festival，the Mid-autumn Festival等，介绍这些节日时应注意以下几点：
1．合理安排写作内容，提高整体美感。
介绍中国传统节日时往往需要从节日地位、节日来历、纪念时间、纪念对象、纪念目的和纪念活动等角度着手。
2．正确把握写作时态，提高语言的准确性。
众所周知，节日庆祝是一种传统文化，基本上每年都没有太大变化，因此描绘节日地位、纪念时间、纪念对象、纪念目的和纪念活动时多用一般现在时。介绍节日来历时多用一般过去时。
3．熟悉规范性语言，提高语言的规范度。
节日介绍类作文中很多语言是有规律出现的，如介绍节日地位时常用．..is an important Chinese traditional festival.或Being one of the traditional festivals，...has an important position in China，介绍节日历史时常用．..has a history of about...years；介绍节日来历时常用．..dates back to...years ago；介绍节日纪念目的时常用People celebrate...in memory of...，介绍节日纪念对象时常用They hope...can bring them good luck.或They hope...can bring them a good harvest/rich year/happy life。
4．贴切使用过渡性词汇，提高行文连贯性。
介绍节日地位时可用as we all know，as is known to all，按顺序介绍节日活动时可用first，then，finally，at last，in the end等表示顺序的过渡性词汇，也可使用besides，what's more，at the same time，in the meanwhile等表示并列的过渡性词汇。
[佳作构建]
假设你叫李平，你的一个外国朋友汤姆向你了解中国的传统节日——中秋节。请根据以下提示写一篇短文，词数：100左右。
节日地位
中国最重要的传统节日之一
纪念时间
农历八月十五
纪念对象
月光之神
纪念目的
希望月光之神能给人们带来好运
纪念活动
节日前夕，亲朋好友之间互赠月饼；人们尽可能回家与家人团聚；晚上，人们在室外赏月、聊天、憧憬美好的未来
参考词汇：农历的lunar
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第1步
思路——分析透彻是前提
一个外国朋友向你了解中国的传统节日——中秋节，可用回信的方式给予答复。第一步大致介绍中秋节的意义及其日期；第二步说明中秋节形成的原因及纪念目的；第三步详写纪念活动——团聚、吃月饼、赏月。适当增加细节，使句子通顺，语言组织严谨，结构安排合理。
第2步
词汇——必用词汇是关键
1.________________传统的
2．________________介绍
3．________________庆祝
4．________________为了纪念
5．________________亲戚
6．________________聚在一起
【答案】 1.traditional 2.introduce 3.celebrate 4.in memory of/in honour of 5.relatives 6.get together
第3步
句式——熟练翻译是根本
1.正如你所了解的，中秋节有很长的历史。
________，the Mid-autumn Festival has a long history.
2．中秋节是在农历八月十五，月亮又大又亮。
It's celebrated on lunar August 15th，_________________________.
3．在中秋节，人们尽力与家人聚在一起。
On the Mid-autumn Festival，people________ with the whole family.
4．我希望有一天你能来中国与我们一起庆祝这个节日。
________ one day you can come to China to celebrate this festival with us together.
【答案】 1.As you know 2.when the moon is the fullest and brightest 3.try to get together 4.I hope
第4步
成文——连句成篇是目的
__________________________________________________________
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【参考范文】
Dear Tom，
You once asked me for some information about one of China's traditional festival—the Mid-autumn Festival.Now，I'm writing to introduce you about this festival.
As you know，the Mid-autumn Festival has a long history.It's celebrated on lunar August 15th，when the moon is the fullest and brightest.People celebrate this festival in memory of the Moon God.Before the Mid-autumn Festival，relatives and friends send each other mooncakes.On the Mid-autumn Festival，people try to get together with the whole family.In the evening，people sit outside，enjoying the full moon，chat with each other，and look forward to being able to have a bright future.
I hope one day you can come to China to celebrate this festival with us together.
Yours，
Li Ping
课件60张PPT。Unit 3 The meaning of colourSection Ⅳ Task & Project234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344点击右图进入…454647484950515253545556575859Thank you for watching !核心要点回扣
Ⅰ.重点单词
根据词性和汉语提示写出下列单词及派生词
1．________ n．动乱，动荡，骚乱
2．________ adj.根本的，十分重大的；基础的
3．________ vt.废除；废止(法律、制度、习俗等)
4．________ vt.象征，代表
5．________ n．正义，公正；司法制度
6．________ n．致敬；敬礼vt.& vi.致敬；敬礼
7．________ n．比率；速度vt.& vi.评估；划分等级
8．________ vi.& n．妥协，让步
9．________ vi.& vt.顺从；投降；提交
10．________ n．美德；德行；优点
11．________vt.& vi.替换；替代n.替代者；替代品
12．________n．职业，工作；侵占，占领
13．________adj.任意的，随意的；专制的，专横的
14．________adj.主观的；主语的；主格的
15．________adj.一致的；始终如一的；连续的
16．________ n．解放→________ vt.使(人)获自由；解放
17．________ n．平等；均等→________ adj.平等的；相等的→________vt.等于；比得上
18．________ vi.反对；不赞成→________ n．反对
19．________n．相似点，相像处；相似性→________adj.相似的；类似的
20．________n．雄心，抱负；野心→________adj.有抱负的；野心勃勃的
【答案】 1.unrest 2.fundamental 3.abolish 4.symbolize 5.justice 6.salute 7.rate 8.compromise 9.submit 10.virtue 11.substitute 12.occupation 13.arbitrary 14.subjective 15.consistent 16.liberation；liberate 17.equality；equal；equal 18.object；objection 19.similarity；similar 20.ambition；ambitious
Ⅱ.重点短语
短语互译
1．at random ________________
2．in salute to________________
3．date back to________________
4．get one's way________________
5．compare...with________________
6．习惯于……________________
7．________________负有……义务/责任的；一定；必然
8．________________把……和……联系在一起
9．________________由于……；归因于……；预定，应归于……
10．________________把……与……联系起来
【答案】 1.随机；随意 2.向……致意/敬礼 3.追溯到；始于 4.随心所欲 5.与……进行比较 6.be accustomed to 7.be bound to do 8.associate...with 9.due to 10.be connected with
Ⅲ.重点句型
根据所给提示补全下列教材原句
1．Blue stands for liberty and justice，________(然而) white represents peace and honesty.
2．__________(虽然) they lived in colonies，the Americans __________________(已经习惯了) autonomous rule and low taxes.
3．If you expect different places to have ________ food ________(同样的) you are accustomed to at home，then you are bound to be disappointed.
4．Therefore，____________(下一次) you choose your clothes，you should think more carefully about what colours to wear.
【答案】 1.while 2.Even though；had been used to 3.the same；as 4.the next time
课件11张PPT。Unit 3 The meaning of colour单元尾 核心要点回扣2345678910点击右图进入…Thank you for watching !课时分层作业(七)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The use of light and dark symbolizes(象征)good and evil.
2．Her principal virtue is her honesty(诚实)．
3．The police say there are some similarities(相似点)between this murder and one that happened last year.
4．Many past laws were abolished(废除)after liberation.
5．Don't you believe in equality(平等)between men and women?
6．They are demanding equal rights and justice(公正)．
7．They substituted(替换)the new machines for the old ones.
8．Children often salute(向……敬礼)the national flag on Mondays.
9．Children objected (反对)to being treated like that.
10．She refused to submit(顺从)to the enemy's threats.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The cut in his finger was sewn(sew) up with a piece of fine silk.
2．The defenses of the city must be strengthened(strength)．
3．These photos remind me of my college life.
4．The American flag stands(stand) for freedom and justice.
5．I object to being_treated(treat) like this.
6．Would you please substitute for me tomorrow?
7．He is regarded as the best doctor in town.
8．Paper making in China dates(date) back to about 200 BC.
9．He refused to submit himself(him) to his elders.
10．There is no room for compromise on this matter.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Even in a weak job market, the old college try isn't the answer for everyone. A briefing paper from the Brookings Institution warns that “we may have overdone the message” on college, senior fellow Isabel Sawhill said.
“We've been telling students and their families for years that college is the only way to succeed in the economy and of course there's a lot of truth to that，” Ms. Sawhill said. “On average it does pay off... But if you load up on a whole lot of student debt and then you don't graduate, that is a very bad situation.”
One comment that people often repeat among the years of slow job growth has been the value of education for landing a job and advancing in a career. April's national unemployment rate stood at 7.5%, according to the Labor Department. The unemployment rate for high school graduates over 25 years old who hadn't attended college was 7.4%, compared with 3.9% for those with a bachelor's degree or more education. The difference is even bigger among those aged 16－24. The jobless rate for those with only a high school diploma in that age group is about 20%. At the same time, recent research by Canadian economists warns that a college degree is no guarantee of promising employment.
Ms. Sawhill pointed out that among the aspects that affect the value of a college education is the field of one's major: students in engineering or other sciences end up earning more than those who major in the arts or education. The cost of tuition and the availability of financial aid are other considerations, with public institutions generally a better financial bargain than private ones.
She suggested two ways of improving the situation: increasing vocational-technical(职业技能) training programs and taking_a_page_from Europe's focus on early education rather than post-secondary learning. “The European countries put a little more attention to getting people prepared in the primary grades，” she said. “Then they have a higher requirement for whoever goes to college—but once you get into college, you're more likely to be highly subsidized(资助)．”
She also is a supporter of technical training—to teach students how to be workers, such as plumbers, welders and computer programmers—because “employers are desperate” for workers with these skills.
【语篇解读】 这篇文章主要讲了是不是过于重视“上大学”这一找工作的途径了，围绕这一话题 Sawhill女士提出了两种途径改善现状。
1. People usually think that ________．
A．the cost of technical schooling is a problem
B．one will not succeed without a college degree
C．technical skills are most important for landing a job
D．there is an increased competition in getting into a college
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“We've been telling students and their families for years that college is the only way to succeed in the economy and of course there's a lot of truth to that”可知，人们常常认为没有大学文凭就不会成功。故选B。
【答案】 B
2．What does the underlined part “taking a page from” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．Hearing from. B．Changing from.
C．Differing from. D．Learning from.
【解析】 词义猜测题。根据第五段的“She suggested two ways of improving the situation: increasing vocational-technical(职业技能) training programs and taking a page from Europe's focus on early education rather than post-secondary learning.”可知作者意思是建议向欧洲的关注早期教育这一方面学习，故选D。
【答案】 D
3．What can we infer from the passage?
A．Public institutions charge more for education.
B．European universities are stricter with students.
C．Students with certain skills are in great demand.
D．Canadian students prefer to major in engineering.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“She also is a supporter of technical training—to teach students how to be workers，such as plumbers, welders and computer programmers—because‘employers are desperate’ for workers with these skills.”可知雇主渴望招聘到有职业技能的员工，当然有职业技能的学生炙手可热。故选C。
【答案】 C
4．Which would be the best title for the text?
A．Is the “Go to College” message overdone?
B．The new requirement of Labor Market
C．Primary education in European countries
D．Is technical training more popular?
【解析】 主旨大意题。通读本文可推测出Sawhill女士同样认为人们对大学学位给予太多压力，作者在文中提出了解决问题的办法，故选A。
【答案】 A
B
There are an extremely large number of ants worldwide.Each individual(个体的)ant hardly weighs anything，but put together they weigh roughly the same as all of mankind.They also live nearly everywhere，except on frozen mountain tops and around the poles.For animals their size，ants have been astonishingly successful，largely due to their wonderful social behavior.
In colonies(群体)that range in size from a few hundred to tens of millions，they organize their lives with a clear division of labor.Even more amazing is how they achieve this level of organization.Where we use sound and sight to communicate，ants depend primarily on pheromones(外激素)，chemicals sent out by individuals and smelled or tasted by fellow members of their colony.When an ant finds food，it produces a pheromone that will lead others straight to where the food is.When an individual ant comes under attack or is dying，it sends out an alarm pheromone to warn the colony to prepare for a conflict as a defense unit.
In fact，when it comes to the art of war，ants have no equal.They are completely fearless and will readily take_on a creature much larger than themselves，attacking in large groups and overcoming their target.Such is their devotion to the common good of the colony that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help defeat an enemy.
Behaving in this selfless and devoted manner，these little creatures have survived on Earth for more than 140 million years，far longer than dinosaurs.Because they think as one，they have a collective(集体的)intelligence greater than you would expect from its individual parts.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。在世界上，蚂蚁的数量是非常多的。它们分工明确，有自己的生存体系，也有自己交流信息的方式。
5．We can learn from the passage that ants are______．
A．not willing to share food
B．not found around the poles
C．more successful than all other animals
D．too many to achieve any level of organization
【解析】 细节理解题。由首段中的“They also live nearly everywhere，except on frozen mountain tops and around the poles.”可知，在冰封的山顶和地球的两极，人们没有发现蚂蚁，故选B。由第二段中的“When an ant finds food，it produces a pheromone that will lead others straight to where the food is.”可以排除A项。C、D两项在文章中没有提及。
【答案】 B
6．Ants can use pheromones for________．
A．escape B．communication
C．warning enemies D．arranging labor
【解析】 细节理解题。由第二段中的“Where we use sound and sight to communicate，ants depend primarily on pheromones...”可知，蚂蚁主要依靠外激素来交流。选项C有一定的干扰性，蚂蚁用外激素发送信号，而不是警告敌人。
【答案】 B
7．What does the underlined expression“take on”in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Accept. B．Employ.
C．Play with. D．Fight against.
【解析】 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“They are completely fearless...attacking in large groups and overcoming their target.”可知，此处take on指“对抗”，故选D。
【答案】 D
8．Which of the following contributes most to the survival of ants?
A．Their behavior. B．Their size.
C．Their number. D．Their weight.
【解析】 细节理解题。由最后一段的“Behaving in this selfless and devoted manner，these little creatures have survived on Earth...”可知，是它们的行为让它们在地球上立足。故选A。它们的大小、数量以及重量与其他动物相比都不具备优势，因此B、C、D三项均可以排除。
【答案】 A
Ⅳ.翻译句子
1．他又一次来晚让老师很生气。(动名词作主语)
His_coming_here_late_again_made_the_teacher_very_angry.
2．几年后，汤姆成为了一名著名的医生，而Tim仍然是个工人。(while)
A_few_years_later，Tom_becomes_a_famous_doctor_while_Tim_is_still
a_worker.
3．这个可怕的事故夺去了三个孩子的生命。(take up)
The_terrible_accident_took_away_three_lives_of_children.
4．我们上周参观了那个追溯到13世纪的庙宇。(date back to)
We_visited_the_temple_dating_back_to_13th_century_last_week.
5．在很多国家白色代表纯洁。(stand for)
White_stands_for_purity_in_many_countries.
Ⅴ.语法填空
When someone has deeply hurt you，it can be very difficult to let go of your anger.But forgiveness is possible—and it can be surprisingly 1.beneficial(benefit)to your physical and mental health.So far，research 2.has_showed(show)that people who forgive can have more energy，better appetite and better sleep.“People who forgive show 3.less(little)anger and more hopefulness.”says Dr.Frederic Luskin，who wrote the book Forgive for Good.“So it can help reduce the tiredness out of immune system and allow people 4.to_feel(feel) more energetic.”
So when someone has hurt you，calm down first.Take a couple of breathe and think of something 5.that gives you pleasure：a beautiful scene in nature，or someone you love.Don't wait for an 6.apology(apologize)．“Many times the person who hurt you may never think of apologizing，”says Dr.Luskin.“They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don't see things in 7.the same way.So if you wait for people to say sorry，you could be waiting a very long time.”
Next keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean 8.accepting(accept)the action of the person who upsets you.Instead，learn to look for the love，beauty and kindness around you.Finally，try to see things 9.from the other person's perspective.You may realize that he or she was acting out of ignorance.To gain perspective，you may want to write a letter to 10.yourself(you)from that person's point of view.
课时分层作业(八)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Television is the modern medium (媒体)of communication.
2．One of his ambitions(抱负)is to study abroad.
3．It was very noble (高尚的)of you to look after your old neighbour when she was sick.
4．He has not found a fixed occupation(职业) after graduation from college.
5．We'd better stop working since it is going to rain；in addition(另外)，it is getting dark.
6．I didn't know anything about any of the books so my choice was quite arbitrary(随意的)．
7．This statement is not consistent(一致的)with what you said earlier.
8．Their claims should be treated with extreme caution(慎重)．
9．She bears a strong facial(容貌的)resemblance to my sister.
10．The identification(鉴别)of the crash victims was a long and difficult task.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The director required that we (should)_work(work) all night.
2．He introduced us to a number of substantial farmers.
3．The boy being(be) late, his teacher was very angry.
4．I'm afraid we have no choice but to_take(take) a taxi.
5．What you say now is not consistent with what you said last week.
6．His English improved enormously because of his association(associate) with British people.
7．It is actually connected(connect) with Asia at the spot where the Suez Canal was dug.
8．Let me convey my deep sympathy to you.
9．Mr. Green will be married to Miss White in May.
10．In no case shall we allow smoking in the classroom.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
The production of coffee beans is a huge, profitable business, but, unfortunately, full-sun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage. The change in how coffee is grown from shade-grown production to full-sun production endangers the very existence of certain animals and birds, and even disturbs the world's ecological balance.
On a local level, the damage of the forest required by full-sun fields affects the area's birds and animals. The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other species (物种) that depend on the trees' flowers and fruits. Full-sun coffee growers destroy this forest home. As a result，many species are quickly dying out.
On a more global level, the destruction of the rainforest for full-sun coffee fields also threatens (威胁) human life. Medical research often makes use of the forests' plant and animal life, and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases.In addition, new coffee-growing techniques are poisoning the water locally，and eventually the world's groundwater.
Both locally and globally, the continued spread of full-sun coffee plantations (种植园) could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology. The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the world's climate，and studies show that the loss of oxygen-giving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming. Moreover, the new growing techniques are contributing to acidic (酸性的) soil conditions.
It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life, from the local environment to the global ecology. But consumers do have a choice. They can purchase shade-grown coffee whenever possible, although at a higher cost. The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。咖啡豆的新的种植技术带来了很大的利润，但与此同时也给我们带来了很多危害，影响我们生活的各个层面，因此我们要作出正确的选择。
1．What can we learn about full-sun coffee production
from Paragraph 4?
A．It limits the spread of new growing techniques.
B．It leads to air pollution and global warming.
C．It slows down the loss of shade trees.
D．It improves local soil conditions.
【解析】 细节理解题。由文章第四段中的“...the loss of oxygen-giving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming.”可知B项正确。由第四段第一句可知，是扩大了而不是限制了新种植技术的传播，故A项错误；它破坏了雨林生态系统，而不是减慢了这些树的丧失速度，故C项错误；由第四段最后一句可知，这种新的种植技术导致了酸性土壤状况而不是改进了土壤状况，故D项错误。
【答案】 B
2．The purpose of the text is to ________．
A．entertain B．advertise
C．instruct D．persuade
【解析】 观点态度题。通读全文可知，本文向大家介绍咖啡豆的新的种植技术所带来的不良影响，旨在说服大家作出正确的选择，故选D项persuade(说服)。entertain娱乐，advertise做广告，instruct指导，均不合适。
【答案】 D
3．Where does this text probably come from?
A．An agricultural magazine.
B．A medical journal.
C．An engineering textbook.
D．A tourist guide.
【解析】 推理判断题。本文向大家介绍咖啡豆的新的种植技术所带来的不良影响，这属于农学的范畴，因此最有可能出自一本农学杂志，故选A项。B项A medical journal(一本医学杂志)，C项An engineering textbook(一本工程教科书)，D项A tourist guide(一本旅行指南)，均不正确。
【答案】 A
4．Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?
(P：Paragraph)
【解析】 文章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段从整体上介绍咖啡豆的新的种植技术带来的危害，中间第二、三、四段详细介绍了具体的危害，最后一段介绍这种新的种植技术影响我们生活的各个层面，消费者要作出正确的选择。因此，整篇文章属于“总—分—总”结构，故选A项。
【答案】 A
Ⅳ.阅读七选五
Investing in yourself
Figuring out how to invest your money can be a difficult task. This is something that you will want to learn how to do.
__1__Things that will improve your knowledge, skills or health are all great investments. However, before you start, you need to be clear about what you will gain out of doing all of these things.
You may think investing in yourself means investing in your education. __2__ There are some other things you can do as well as buying a gym membership or learning a new skill.
So what are some specific things you can do? __3__ Reading books can really expand your mind and allow you to learn different skills and gain knowledge. I'm talking about the books where you will actually learn a new skill, not fiction books.
You can also take courses and attend seminars. These programs are taught by people with a high level of knowledge or skill. __4__ Only in this way can you avoid being fooled by some sales presentation.
Moreover, investing in yourself is a safe way to keep your money. Although a savings account is seen as the most secure investment, that isn't 100% safe. Even if you never experience your bank closing down, the return is little when inflation(通货膨胀) is taken into consideration.__5__ But over time, they will show up in terms of your happiness level as well as your level of success.
A．The benefits will stay with you.
B．This is just one way.
C．If you aren't a reader, you should start with that.
D．The more you do this, the more valuable you will be.
E．The best way to invest your money is to invest it in yourself.
F．Of course, you need to do some research before investing.
G．When you invest in yourself, you may not see gains right away.
【答案】 1－5 EBCFG
Ⅴ.书面表达
假定你是李华，你计划和同学去敬老院(nursing home)陪老人们过重阳节(the Double Ninth Festival)。现在请你给外教露西写封邮件，邀她一同前往，内容包括：
1．出发及返回时间；
2．活动：包饺子、表演节目等。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．结束语已为你写好。
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Looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Lucy，
I'd like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival.It is the day for the elderly in our culture.We'll go and make dumplings and cakes with the elderly people there.We'll also spend some fun time together singing，dancing and playing games，which we hope will make them happy.We should be back around 4 o'clock in the afternoon.If you are able to come with us，please let us know and we'll wait for you at the school gate at 9 in the morning.
Looking_forward_to_your_reply.
Yours，
Li_Hua
