在美国的弗吉尼亚州，有一个特殊的农场——Volunteer Farm，它由来自各地的志愿者来打理，为许多买不起食物的人们提供新鲜的蔬菜和水果。
Volunteer Farm feeds the hungry
Hunger in the United
States is nothing compared to hunger in some parts of the world.Yet 10 million American households report that they do not always know where they will find their next meal.
The report by Feeding America，the largest hunger-relief charity in the US，also says that each week，more than 5.5 million Americans turn to emergency food sources.Most of what they find in charities is bottled，canned or dry goods.
But at the Volunteer Farm in Virginia，fresh food is being harvested to feed the hungry.
As its name suggests，the farm relies on volunteers to weed，plant and harvest.During the past seven years the farm has had over 10，000 volunteers.They have come from nearly every US state and 26 foreign countries.
One day，a group from Tinkling Springs Church drove more than 100 kilometers to collect potatoes from a field.The majority of the volunteers，more than 50，were children.
Harriet，one of the church leaders，says that after a few hours' working in the sun，“the children go to bed，tired，but they know in a very physical and practical way that they have made a difference”.
Produce from the Volunteer Farm is distributed through large food banks.
“We received last year，about 71，000 pounds of fresh produce from the Volunteer Farm，”says Teresa，Director of Virginia Food Bank.
She says fruits and vegetables are important for proper nutrition.“They are healthier，so much better for children's bodies and we are able to provide so much with the Volunteer Farm.”
[诱思导读]
1．People get the produce from the Volunteer Farm directly.( )
2．All the volunteers for the Volunteer Farm come from the USA.( )
【答案】 1.F 2.F
Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading—Preparing
Ⅰ.词义搭配
1．gravity A．a business companyor organization
2．wrestle B．a situation in which you have to make a difficult
decision
3．dilemma C．the force that makes sth.fall to the ground
4．permanent D．happening or existing for a long time or for all time
in the future
5．framework E．struggle to deal with sth.that is difficult
6．enterprise F．the structure of a particular system
【答案】 1.C 2.E 3.B 4.D 5.F 6.A
Ⅱ.短语填空
put pressure on；on top of；at risk；without doubt；at a crossroads；be dependent on；take place
1． everything else，my car's been stolen.
2．Advertisements girls to be thin.
3．If we go to war，innocent lives will be put ．
4．His life was when he quit his job.
5．A child's development many factors.
6．The Olympic Games of 2012 in London.
【答案】 1.On top of 2.put pressure on 3.at risk
4．at a crossroads 5.is dependent on 6.took place
Ⅲ.背诵下列教材中出现的句型，体会黑体部分的用法
1．These things provide a framework for new jobs to be created, allowing people to help themselves so that they no longer need to depend on others.
这些事业给创造新工作构架提供了机会，以便使人们自己帮助自己，不再依赖别人。
2．They are the result of teaching a man to fish so that he can fill his belly for a lifetime.
它们是授人以渔的成果，让一个人可以一辈子填饱肚子。
3．What developing countries really need to do is to stop poverty by fighting the cause of it.
发展中国家真正需要做的就是通过与贫困的根源做斗争来消灭贫困。
Ⅰ.从三个选项中选择最佳答案
1．What was the concert held by Geldof in 1985 for?
A．Earning him a large amount of money.
B．Raising money for hunger relief and public awareness of the famine.
C．Drawing attention around the world to the famine.
2．Which of the following statements is true according to the text?
A．The United Nations set up the World Food Programme in 1963.
B．The WFP has helped more than one billion people since it was set up，which is enough to help developing countries.
C．What developing countries really need is the food aid.
3．What's the target of the Food-for-Growth programme?
A．Sending emergency food aid to countries during times of crisis.
B．Helping people most at risk，such as babies，pregnant women and the elderly.
C．Helping unemployed people support themselves by giving them work and paying them in food aid.
【答案】 1.B 2.A 3.B
Ⅱ.完成下列表格
Teach a man to fish
Bob Geldof and Live Aid (Paragraph 1)
On 13 July 1985，Bob Geldof organized a charity 1. in two places—London and Philadelphia to 2. hunger relief in Ethiopha.The concert not only 3. worldwide but also 4. politicians and statesmen.
The World Food Programme
(Paragraphs
2～3)
It was 5. in 1963.There are a number of programmes.The Food-for-Life programme sends emergency food aid；the Food-for-Growth programme mainly helps the babies, pregnant women and old people；the Food-for -Work
programme helps people 6. .
The situation that the developing countries face and the ways to solve the problem
(Paragraphs
4～8)
Though some developing countries are seeing great development，they are still poorer than other countries and there is 7. that they could fall further behind developed countries.There are three important ways that developing countries really need to do to stop poverty：one way is to improve its 8. ；another way is to 9. the problem of unemployment through the development of private enterprise 10. job training；finally，education and training for young people is very important.
【答案】 1.concert 2.raise money for 3.made the headlines 4.put pressure on 5.set up 6.without jobs 7.a danger 8.infrastructure 9.address 10.along with
Ⅲ.完成下面课文缩写
In 1985，people in Ethiopia 1. the bad drought.In order to help them，Bob Geldof organized a charity concert named Live Aid in two places—London and Philadelphia，2. $100 million to buy food and to assist with development projects there.3. the concert also 4. and put great pressure on politicians and statesmen to do something about the problem of world hunger.
However，according to the United Nations，disease and poverty are still a serious problem in the developing world，especially hunger，which kills more people than any disease.5. the dilemma of worldwide hunger，the UN set up the agency，World Food Programme (WFP)in 1963.The WFP has organized many programmes，
6. the Food-for-Life programme，Food-for-Growth，Food-for-Work programme and so on，which has helped more than one million people since it was set up.
While some developing countries are seeing great 7. ，they are still very poor.In order to solve the long-term problem，what developing countries really needs to do are as follows：one way to help a country is to improve its 8. ；another way to help a country is through the development of 9. along with job training to address the problem of unemployment；finally，10. and training for young people is very important.
【答案】 1.suffered from 2.raising 3.Meanwhile
4．made the headlines 5.In wrestling with
6．including 7.development 8.infrastructure
9．private enterprise 10.education
课件26张PPT。Unit 1 Building the future234567Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading—Preparing8910111213141516171819202122232425Thank you for watching !Section Ⅱ Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points
1．rate n. 比率；等级；价格，费用；速度
(教材P1)Many countries around the world are developing at a very fast rate.
世界上的许多国家以飞快的速度发展着。
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Hospital patients who see tree branches out their windows are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead.医院里看见病房窗户外面树枝的病人可能比看见楼房或天空的病人恢复得快。
Most people walk at an average rate of 5 kilometres an hour.
大多数人步行的平均速度为每小时5公里。
(1)at a．..rate 以……的速度
at the rate of 以……的速度，以……的比率
at any rate 无论如何，不管怎样
at this/that rate 照这/那情形看来
(2)rate v. 估价；评价
rate...as... 作为……受到评价
At any rate the task must be fulfilled.
无论如何，任务必须完成。
They rated him highly as a colleague.
作为同事，他们对他评价很好。
完成句子
①人口在以惊人的速度增长。
The population was growing ．
②评论家和观众都认为这次演出是成功的。
The show a success by critics and audiences.
③无论如何，我们都要尽力保护人民的利益。
， we should try to protect the people's interest.
【答案】 ①at an alarming rate ②was rated (as)
③At any rate
2．(教材P2)In 1985，there was little rainfall in Ethiopia，which led to poor harvests and the death of many of the country's cattle．
1985年，埃塞俄比亚几乎没有降雨，这导致收成减产和许多牛死亡。
(1)lead to 导致
Too much work and too little rest often leads to illness.工作时间太长且休息不好容易生病。
Drinking too much coffee can lead to increased death rates.
饮咖啡太多可能导致死亡率增加。
[名师点津]
此短语中的to是介词，后面可接名词或动名词。
Staying up too late led to his being sleepy all day.
熬夜太晚导致他一天很困倦。
lead...to (some place) 带领……去(某地)
lead sb.to do sth. 使某人做某事
lead the way 带路；引路
lead/live a．..life 过着……样的生活
lead...into 把……领进……
Her words led me to think over my decision again.
她的话让我重新考虑我的决定。
He led us to the conference room.
他领我们进入会议室。
①这样一种错误可能导致灾难性的后果。
Such a mistake would perhaps disastrous consequences.
②于是她牵着格尔达的手，把她带到小屋子里去，把门锁起来。
She then took Gerda by the hand, the little cottage, and locked the door.
③虽然他们年老了，但是他们生活得仍很活跃。
Though they are old they still ．
【答案】 ①lead to ②led her into ③lead an active life
(2)cattle n．牛
cattle是集合名词，是“牛”的总称，本身是复数形式，当它作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。用head作量词时，用head的原形，如“10头牛”可以说ten head of cattle或ten cattle。
He has twenty head of cattle on his farm.
他在农场里养了20头牛。
For this many cattle were killed.
为此宰杀了很多牛。
④这些牛是从新西兰来的。
from New Zealand.
⑤他们卖给国家六百万头牛。
They sold 6 million to the state.
【答案】 ④These cattle are ⑤head of cattle
3．take place 发生；举行，举办
(教材P2)The concert took place on 13 July 1985 in two places—London and Philadelphia—and included the biggest stars of the time.
1985年7月13日，音乐会在伦敦和费城两地举行，出席者包括了当时最红的巨星。
[明辨异同] take place/happen/occur/come about/break out
take place
表示“发生；举行，举办”，这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排
happen
作“发生，碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件
occur
作“发生，想到，突然想起”解
come about
表示“发生，产生”，多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句
break out
意为“发生，爆发”，常指战争、灾难、疾病或者争吵等事件的发生
I'll never understand how it came about that you were late three times a week.
我永远弄不明白你怎么一周会迟到三次。
Fighting has broken out between rival groups of fans.双方球迷发生了打斗。
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)This development did not take place overnight.
这一进展情况并不是一夜之间发生的。
选词填空(take place/happen/occur/come about/break out)
①Maybe something unexpected ．
②Great changes have in our hometown during the past ten years.
③It to me that she didn't know I had moved into the new house.
④Do you know how the air accident ？
⑤A fire in the hospital at midnight.
【答案】 ①happened ②taken place ③occurred
④came about ⑤broke out
4．intend vt.想要；打算；计划；打算使……(成为)
(教材P2)Geldof intended the concert to raise money for hunger relief and to make the public more aware of the problem.
格尔多夫想通过音乐会为饥荒筹钱，使公众更加关注这一问题。
What do you intend to do today?
你今天打算做什么？
Let's ask her what she intends us to do.
让我们问问她，她想让我们做什么。
intend to do sth. 打算做某事
intend sb.to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
intend that 从句(虚拟语气)
intend...as... 打算使……成为……
intend...for... 打算为……做准备
be intended for... 打算给……用的
I intended that she (should) go.我计划让她去。
They intend this article as teaching materials.
他们打算把这篇文章作为教材。
That iPad is intended for you.
那个iPad是为你而买的。
[名师点津]
had intended to do sth.或intended to have done sth.都可以表示“本来打算做某事”。
I had intended to see you off at the airport＝I intended to have seen you off at the airport.
我本打算去机场为你送行。
用适当的介词填空
①The book is intended children.
②The notes are intended an introduction to the course.
【答案】 ①for ②as
5．put/bring pressure on/upon sb.＝lay pressure on sb.给……施加压力
(教材P2)The concert also made the headlines around the world，and put great pressure on politicians and statesmen to do something about the problem of world hunger.音乐会也受到了全世界媒体的极大关注，这给政客和政治家施加了巨大压力，迫使他们为世界饥荒问题采取行动。
She didn't put any pressure on him to take the job.
她没有对他施加压力要他接受这份工作。
Don't put much pressure on the boy；he is only a child.
不要给这个男孩施加太大压力，他只是个孩子。
(1)pressure n． 压力；压迫
under pressure 在压力之下；被迫，迫不得已
under the pressure of 在……逼迫下
(2)pressure v. 对……施加压力
pressure sb.to do sth.＝pressure sb.into doing sth. 迫使某人做某事
Everyone shouldn't pressure himself/herself into making a hasty decision.
每个人都不该勉强自己仓促做出决定。
完成句子
①他们给我施压要我卖掉我的房子。
They to sell my house.
②主任面对被迫辞职的压力越来越大。
The director is to resign.
③不必强迫孩子吃东西。
Children needn't things.
【答案】 ①put/brought pressure on me ②under increasing pressure ③be pressured into eating/to eat
6．(教材P2)The WFP has organized a number of programmes，including the Food-for-Life programme，which sends emergency food aid to countries during times of trouble；the Food-for-Growth programme，which targets people most at risk，such as babies，pregnant women and old people...
世界粮食计划署已经组织了若干项目，包括挽救生命粮食计划，该计划为处于困难时期的国家送去紧急粮食援助；健康成长粮食计划，它主要以身处危险中的人作为目标，例如，婴儿、孕妇和老年人……
(1)a number of 许多
A number of students are boys in this group.
在这个组里许多学生都是男生。
A great number of people were present at the meeting.
很多人出席了会议。
[明辨异同] a number of/the number of
a number of
后跟可数名词的复数，意为“许多的；若干的”。number前可用large，small，good，certain，great等修饰词。当它修饰主语时，谓语动词用复数。
the number of
后跟可数名词的复数形式，意为“……的数量/数目”。当它与后面的名词连用时，中心词是the number。如果用作主语，谓语要用单数。
There are a great number of graduate students in this university.
这所大学有许多研究生。
Up to now the number of people who were killed in the earthquake is more than 60，000.
到目前为止地震中丧生的人数已超过6万。
用所给动词的适当形式填空
①A number of volunteers (assist) those people living in the earthquake-hit area.
②A number of new oilfields (open) up recently.
【答案】 ①are assisting ②have been opened
(2)target vt.将……作为目标(常与介词on或at连用)n.靶；目标；指标；(谴责或嘲笑的)对象
Welfare spending should be targeted on the people who need it most.
福利开支应该将那些最有需要的人作为目标。
Without weapons，we are simply targets of our enemies.
没有武器，我们仅仅是敌人的靶子。
(1)target at/on sth. 对……瞄准；把……作为靶子；指向……
(2)on/off target 准确命中/未命中
set/meet a target 制定/达到目标
The programme is targeted at improving the health of women of all ages.
该项目的目的是改善各年龄层妇女的健康状况。
Due to the strong wind few players managed to get their shots on target.
由于大风几乎没有运动员准确命中目标。
完成句子
③他是众人取笑的对象。
He is many jokes.
④他们在设定发展2 000名新会员的目标。
They are 2，000 new members.
⑤没有多少州能达到他们的目标。
Not many states will ．
【答案】 ③the target of ④setting a target of
⑤meet their targets
(3)at risk处境危险；遭受危险(相当于in danger)
Low-lying farmland may be at risk from flooding this weekend.这个周末地势低的农田可能会有遭到洪水侵袭的危险。
(1)at the risk of＝at risk to冒着……的危险
take the risk of sth./doing sth. 冒着……危险
take a risk/take risks (to do sth.) 冒险(做某事)
(2)risk doing sth. 冒险做某事
He saved my life at the risk of losing his own.
他冒着生命危险救了我的命。
You are taking a big risk driving so fast.
你开车这样快是在冒很大危险。
完成句子
⑥这种疾病正在蔓延，所有儿童都有被感染的危险。
The disease is spreading，and all young children are ．
⑦如果想在生意上取得成功，就得冒许多风险。
You have to if you want to succeed in business.
【答案】 ⑥at the risk of being infected ⑦take a lot of risks
7．beyond doubt(＝without doubt)毫无疑问；的确
(教材P2)This is beyond doubt an amazing achievement，but is it enough?
毫无疑问，这是惊人的成就，但是这就足够了吗？
This meeting has been，without doubt，one of the most useful we have had so far.这次会议无疑是我们迄今为止最有用的一次会议。
(1)doubt用作动词，后接从句，主句是肯定句，用if或whether引导；主句是疑问句或否定句则用that引导。
(2)名词doubt后接同位语从句时，否定句、疑问句用that引导，肯定句用whether引导。
(3)there is...doubt about 对……怀疑
(4)have doubt about 对……怀疑
I doubt whether he'll be successful.
我怀疑他是否能成功。
I don't doubt that he'll come to help me.
毫无疑问他会来帮助我的。
Do you doubt that he'll finish the task on time?
你对他能按时完成这项任务表示怀疑吗？
完成句子
①毫无疑问我们做得对。
we did the right thing.
②你可以抱怨，但是我看抱怨也未必有用。
You can complain，but it'll make any difference.
③我不确定今天是否下雨。
whether it will rain today.
【答案】 ①There is no doubt at all that ②I doubt whether/if ③I have doubt
8．(教材P3)There is a saying that goes，‘Give a man a fish，and you feed him for a day.Teach a man to fish，and you feed him for the rest of his life.’
有句俗语是这样说的，“授人以鱼，三餐之需；授人以渔，终生之用。”
【要点提炼】 “There is a saying that goes＋从句．”意为“(谚语、消息等)说法是……”，与As the old saying goes...(常言说道……)用法相似。
“Accidents will happen，”as the saying goes.
常言道“意外事，总难免”。
结构相似的常见There be句型有：
There is no denying that... 毫无疑问……
There is a chance that... 有可能……
There is a possibility that... 有可能……
There is no point(in)doing sth. 做某事没有意义
There is no need for sb.to do sth. 某人没必要做某事
There is no denying that we will win the game.
毫无疑问我们会赢得这场比赛。
There's no point in getting angry.
发火是没有用的。
①台湾是中国的一部分，这是不可否认的。
Taiwan is part of China.
②再和他争论下去是没有什么意义的。
arguing with him any more.
③你明天不必早起。
for you to get up early tomorrow.
【答案】 ①There is no denying that ②There is no point in ③There is no need
9．(教材P3)These things provide a framework for new jobs to be created，allowing people to help themselves so that they no longer need to depend on others.
这些事业给创造新工作构架提供了机会，以便使人们自己帮助自己，不再依赖他人。
【要点提炼】 allowing people to...是分词短语作结果状语。现在分词表示结果，是伴随谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果(同时发生)。谓语动词与现在分词的动作是因果关系。动词不定式短语也可作结果状语，但其动作发生在谓语动词之后，往往表示未曾预料到的或令人不快的结果，不定式前常加only。
His parents died，leaving him an orphan.
他父母双亡，留下他一个孤儿。(自然结果)
I hurried to the station，only to find the train had left.
我匆忙赶到车站，结果发现火车已开走了。(意想不到的、不愉快结果)
完成句子
①It rained heavily, (造成那个国家洪水泛滥)．
②He hurried to the station， (结果被告知)that his friend didn't come.
【答案】 ①causing severe flooding in that country
②only to be told
10．pretend v．假装
(教材P3)There are hundreds of success stories from all over the developing world，showing that a lot is being done to fight poverty，yet we cannot pretend that the fight is over.
在各处的发展中国家有数以百计的这样成功的故事，表明人们正在做许多事情与贫困做斗争，但我们不能佯称斗争已经结束。
He pretended that he was ill so that he could stay at home.他假装病了以便能待在家里。
pretend 后可接从句，也常接不定式的三种形式
pretend
I'm sorry，but I can't just pretend it hasn't happened.
我很抱歉，但我不能当这件事没有发生过。
He pretended to be dead when he met a bear.
他遇到熊时假装死了。
He pretended to be working hard.＝He pretended that he was working hard.
他假装在努力工作。
用pretend的相关词语完成下列小片段
As Tom wasn't interested in his lessons, whenever there was an exam, he would ① (假装生病). Last week, he ② (假装头痛)when the teacher was going to give a quiz.He ③ (假装痛得厉害) during the quiz.An hour later，when the quiz was finished, he ④ (假装好了)．What a guy!
【答案】 ①pretend that he was ill/pretend to be ill ②pretended to have a headache
③pretended to be suffering great pain
④pretended to have recovered
课件50张PPT。Unit 1 Building the futureSection Ⅱ Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points2345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849点击右图进入…Thank you for watching !Section Ⅲ Word power & Grammar and usage
1．(教材P6)The word industry refers to all the businesses involved in supplying a certain product or service.
单词industry是指涉及供应某一产品或服务的所有行业。
(1)refer to参考；参阅；涉及；谈到；提及
In his speech，he didn't refer to the problem at all.
在他的演讲中，丝毫未涉及那个问题。
If you have any questions，please refer to the guide book.
如果你有问题，请参阅旅游指南。
(1)refer to sb./sth. 提到/说起某人/某事
refer to sth. 参考某物；查看/查阅某物
refer to...as... 把……说成；把……比作
refer sb./sth.to sb. 提交某人/某机构做决定/处理
(2)reference n. 参考
make a reference to 提到，谈到
Coal is usually referred to as a fossil fuel.
煤通常被称为化石燃料。
I have read a lot of reference materials.
我已读了很多的参考资料。
[名师点津]
refer to中的to是介词，后面不接动词原形，要跟动名词或名词，与之用法相同短语还有stick to，lead to，look forward to, be devoted to等。
写出下列refer to的含义
①What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to？
②When giving the lecture, he referred to his note from time to time.
③You should refer this matter to our teacher for a decision.
④As far as I know, he is referred to as a living Lei Feng.
【答案】 ①指的是 ②参考 ③移交 ④称作
(2)involve vt.牵涉；牵连；包含；引起
This problem involves us all.
这个问题牵涉到我们所有的人。
Taking the job involves living abroad.
接受这项工作就一定得住到国外去。
involve sb.in sth./doing sth.(使)参加，加入
involve...in 使牵连进去；使陷入
involve...with 和……混在一起；和……有密切联系
be/become/get involved in 参与，与……有关
The young man's heedless remarks involved him in a law suit.这个小伙子不检点的话语使自己牵连到一桩法律案件中。
Don't involve yourself with those people.
别跟那些人混在一起。
完成句子
⑤我们应该怎样投入学校生活？
How should we school life?
⑥你怎能跟这样的女人在一起？
How could you a woman like this?
【答案】 ⑤involve ourselves in ⑥get involved
with
2．belong to属于；为……所有
(教材P6)All kinds of jobs belong to one industry or another.
所有的工作都属于一个行业或另一个行业。
This watch belongs to Tom.
这块手表归汤姆所有。
(1)belong to表示“是……的财产(属于)/是……的组成部分(属于)/是……的成员(属于)”。不用于被动语态和进行时态。
(2)belong还可与on连用，表示“某人/某物处在适当的位置”，与in连用表示“在这个地方正合适/有用”。
Who does this watch belong to?
这块手表是谁的？
Put it back where it belongs after you have read it.
读完后，请你把它放回原处。
完成句子
①他说矿山应该属于人民。
He said the mines should the people.
②像他这样有能力的人适合教书。
A man of his ability teaching.
③这本书应该放在那个架子上。
The book that shelf.
【答案】 ①belong to ②belongs in
③belongs on
3．include v．包括；把……列入在内
(教材P6)People who work in the construction industry include those who work on building sites and those who produce building materials.
在建筑行业工作的人们包括那些在建筑工地工作的人和那些生产建筑材料的人。
The money I gave you includes Xiao Zhang's.
我给你的钱包括小张的钱。
Does the price include postage?
这个价格包含邮费吗？
[明辨异同] contain/include
两者均含有“包含，包括，容纳”的意思。
contain
指某物容纳在比其更大的东西之内，侧重所含的内容与成分。
include
指包括或容纳某东西成为整体的一部分，侧重于整体与部分的对比。
[名师点津]
include还常用其现在分词或过去分词短语作插入语，起补充说明作用，即“including＋名词”或“名词＋included”。而contain无此用法。
The basket contains a variety of fruits.
那个篮子里装了各种各样的水果。
All officials were present at the meeting，including the chairman(＝the chairman included)．
包括那个主席在内，所有的官员都出席了会议。
选词填空(include/contain)
①The book ten chapters， American Literature.
②This kind of fruit lots of vitamins，Vitamin D ．
【答案】 ①contains; including ②contains；
included
4．(教材P6)Another big industry，and one that is growing annually, is the tourism industry.
另外一个大的行业，而且是每年都在增长的一个行业是旅游业。
【要点提炼】 one是代词，相当于an industry。that is growing annually是定语从句修饰one。one常在句中起替代作用，以免重复。
The train was crowded so we decided to catch a later one.
这班火车太挤了，我们决定乘坐下一班。
[明辨异同] that/one/it
that
表示特指，指代前面提到过的那类事物(不指代人)。既可以替代可数名词(复数形式为those)，也可以替代不可数名词，其作用有时等于the one。
one
表示泛指，代替前面提到过的同类人或物，但不是同一个；它只能替代可数名词，复数形式是ones。
it
表示特指，指代前面提到过的那个事物(是同一个)或一种情景，用于指可数名词单数或不可数名词。
—What should I do with the key?
——我该怎么处理这钥匙？
—Oh，just leave it on the table.
——噢，把它放在桌上就好了。
用代词one，it，that填空
①—Why don't we take a little break?
—Didn't we just have ？
②Few pleasures can equal of a cool drink on a summer day.
③The doctor advised Vera strongly that he should take a holiday，but didn't help.
【答案】 ①one ②that ③it
5．develop...into...把……扩展成……；发展成为……
(教材P7)He is glad to see that the company has developed into one of the most successful in the world.他高兴地看到这个公司已发展成为世界上最成功的公司之一。
The place has rapidly developed from a small fishing community into a thriving tourist resort.这地方由原来的小渔村迅速发展成一个繁荣的旅游胜地。
(1)develop v．形成；培养；发展；冲洗(胶卷)
develop an interest in 对……感兴趣
develop from 从……发展来；由……进化来
develop the habit of 养成……的习惯
have photos/pictures/the film developed 冲洗照片/图片/胶卷
(2)development n. 发展
with the development of... 随着……的发展
①这时我对工程学产生了兴趣。
By this time I engineering.
②对于现在的年轻人来说最必要的是养成独立思考的习惯。
What is most necessary for young men today is to thinking for themselves.
③工业的发展同农业的发展密切相关。
Industrial progress should go hand in hand ．
【答案】 ①had developed an interest in
②develop the habit of ③with the development of agriculture
6．on the contrary正相反
(教材P8)On the contrary，it is a problem all over the world.相反，它是一个世界性的问题。
—Didn't you find the film exciting?
——难道你不认为这部电影有趣吗？
—On the contrary，I nearly fell asleep halfway through it!
——相反，看到一半时我几乎睡着了！
—I am sure you like your new job.
——我想你一定喜欢你的新工作。
—On the contrary，it's dull.
——正好相反，它很乏味。
(be) contrary to sth. 与某事相反
to the contrary 相反的；相反地
Despite all evidence to the contrary，he believed his plan would succeed.他相信他的计划一定会成功，尽管所有的证据都表明了情况相反。
完成句子
①相反，在东方却很受欢迎。
， it receives a warm welcome in the East.
②如果没有相反的通知，你们就干起来好了。
Go ahead unless you are advised ．
③在服装方面，我妹妹的爱好和我完全不同。
My sister's taste in dresses my own.
【答案】 ①On the contrary ②to the contrary ③is contrary to
7．(教材P9)As a result，these countries are always struggling to catch up on their repayments...
结果，这些国家一直在拼命偿还他们的债务……
(1)as a result结果；因此
As a result，they caught up with us.
结果，他们赶上我们了。
as a result of...(＝because of...＝owing/thanks to...)由于……的原因(后接原因)
without result 毫无结果；徒劳
result from... 因……而引起，句子的主语是“果”，from的宾语是“因”。
result in(＝cause)
导致；致使。句子的主语是“因”，in的宾语是“果”。
As a result of the fish，he felt ill.
由于鱼的原因，他生病了。
Success results from hard work.
成功来自努力。
Hard work results in success.努力终会成功。
选词填空(as a result/as a result of/result from/ result in)
① the car accident，Jackson couldn't work any longer.
②As far as I know，his carelessness his failure.
③As far as I know，his failure his carelessness.
④She was over the age limit and ， her application for the job was rejected.
【答案】 ①As a result of ②resulted in
③resulted from ④as a result
(2)catch up on(用额外时间)补做；赶做；补上；了解(已发生的事情)
I have a lot of work to catch up on.
我有许多工作要补上。
catch up with 跟上；赶上
catch hold of 抓住；抓牢
catch one's eye/attention 引起注意
catch sight of 看见
catch on 理解；流行
catch sb. doing sth. 发现(撞见)某人做某事
He caught up with his classmate at last.
最终他赶上他的同学。
完成句子
⑤我们甚至可能突然看到一只北极熊在冰面上。
We may even a polar bear on the ice.
⑥我们已经尽了一切可能来赶上他们。
We have done all we could to them.
⑦抓住绳子，不要松手。
the rope, and don't let go your hold.
⑧这首新民歌流行得真快。
The new folk song really quickly.
【答案】 ⑤catch sight of ⑥catch up with
⑦Catch hold of ⑧caught on
8．remain v．保持(某种状态)；继续存在；仍旧是(continue in some condition/continue to be)
(教材P9)As long as these debts remain，developing countries will feel the economic squeeze，and they will be unable to focus on long-term development to end poverty.
只要这些债务仍然存在，发展中国家就会感到经济困难，他们也就不能集中精力长期发展来结束贫困。
Please remain seated until all the lights are on.
请继续坐着，直到所有的灯都亮起来。
Little of the original building remains.
原来的建筑已经所剩无几。
(1)remaining为形容词，意为“剩下的”，常作前置定语；而left也意为“剩下的”，它只能作后置定语。
(2)remain作名词用时，一般用其复数形式remains，意为“剩余物；(古建筑的)遗址”。
The remaining 2 dollars belong to you.
剩下的2美元属于你。
There are only 5 dollars left.
只剩下5美元了。
The remains of the ancient temple are worth visiting.
那座古庙的遗址值得一看。
[明辨异同] remain/stay
remain与stay意为“留下；继续保持某一状态”时，它们常作系动词用，可以互换。
当表示“在某处或在某处住下”、“停留，逗留”时，通常用stay，不用remain。
The fruits will not remain/stay fresh tomorrow.
明天这些水果就不新鲜了。
The shop stays/remains open till night.
这家店铺一直营业到晚上。
He wants to stay in his parents' house for another week.
他想在父母家再待上一个星期。
用remain和stay的适当形式填空
①I'm at my uncle's this weekend.
②Only the shell of the building after the explosion.
【答案】 ①staying ②remained
关联词语
一篇好的文章除了要求覆盖所有的要点，应用较多的语法结构和词汇以外，还必须有效地使用语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑，行文连贯，条理清楚。要使句子与句子之间的意思互相连接，就需要有关联词语。没有关联词语，读者就很容易被弄糊涂。这些关联词语帮助读者推断出文章中接下来将发生什么。
以下是句子之间常见的几类关联词：
一、Time sequence words——表示先后次序关系的词语
用来列举事件以及人的行为或观点发生、发展的次序。这一类常见的连接词有：firstly，secondly，finally，in the end，previously，next，at last，eventually，to begin with，to start with，first of all，to end with，afterwards等。
There are some rules we must obey in the lab.To begin with，don't touch anything unless your teacher asks you to.
Previously，I seldom had the confidence to participate in my classmates' discussion.I also had little enthusiasm for studying as I found it boring.
二、Cause and effect words——表示因果关系的词语
用来表达事情发生的起因与结果。这一类常见的连接词有：for one thing，therefore，so，as a result，owing to，due to，in that，for the reason，under these conditions，as a consequence，consequently等。
He was just about to walk away when a guard appeared and stopped him.As a result，he had to turn in the money.
For these reasons，I believe the most effective way to learn is studying alone.
三、Contrasting words——表示对比关系的词语
用于连接句子或成分与前文内容形成对比。这一类常见的连接词有：however，in contrast，instead，nevertheless，on the contrary，on the other hand，in comparison with，compared with，rather than等。
It's a difficult race.Nevertheless，about 1，000 runners participate every year.
Rather than stay outdoors for the weekends，John prefers to stay in bed reading.
四、Addition words——表示递进关系的词语
常用来介绍一些补充性的信息，或表达语意的递进。这一类常见的连接词有：also，on top of，above all，besides，furthermore，moreover，in addition，additionally等。
In addition，the product that a star advertises is not necessarily suitable for everyone.
Besides，we must take measures to control pollution.
五、Conclusive words——表示总结归纳的词语
用来对前文进行概括或总结。这一类常见的连接词有：in a word；in short；generally speaking；in one's opinion；to summarize等。
In my opinion，we should be cool and sensible while choosing a product.
In a word，the virtue of helping others is frequently seen in our daily life.
除了以上列举的这些连接词以外，英语中还有许多各式各样的连接词。如表示转折、并列、举例、条件、让步等关系的关联词。它们的出现使得原本显得孤立的句子形成语意丰富的篇章。在平时的学习中留意并积累一些这样的连接词无疑会有助于我们口语与书面表达的提高。
课件49张PPT。Unit 1 Building the futureSection Ⅲ Word power & Grammar and usage2345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243To begin with Previously 44As a result For these reasons 45Nevertheless Rather than 46In addition Besides 47In my opinion In a word 48点击右图进入…Thank you for watching !Section Ⅳ Task & Project
Ⅰ.从三个选项中选择最佳答案
1．Which of the following statements is True according to the passage?
A．The past development set alarm bells ringing.
B．The sustainable development is more suitable in the future.
C．The sustainable development is short-term planning.
2．Which one is not non-renewable sources of energy?
A．Solar energy. B．Coal. C．Oil.
3．What is the oldest and most common renewable energy sources?
A．Solar energy. B．Wind power.
C．Hydroelectricity.
【答案】 1.B 2.A 3.C
Ⅱ.判断正(T)误(F)
1．The sustainable development in the future will pay more attention to preserving the environment and natural resources.( )
2．We are now using coal，gas and oil to produce energy，which is harmful to the environment.( )
3．Solar energy is environmental-friendly and can easily be gathered.( )
4．Now quite a few countries take steps to introduce these forms of alternative energy.( )
【答案】 1.T 2.T 3.F 4.T
1．(教材P14)This should set alarm bells ringing，since the bare fact is that in order for everyone to survive，serious adjustments need to be made in worldwide development.
这应该给人们敲响警钟，因为最基本的现实是，为了让每一个人得以生存，全球发展需做出重大调整。
(1)set alarm bells ringing意为“敲响警钟”。set的意思是“使……处于某种状态”。
The company's financial problems have set alarm bells ringing in big cities all over the world.
那家公司的财务问题在全世界的大城市中已经敲响了警钟。
What my teacher said about planning for the future set me thinking.我的老师所说的关于为将来做计划的事使我沉思。
alarm bells ring/alarm bells start ringing
警钟敲响；发出危险信号
set off 出发，引爆，使(某人)开始(做某事)
set out to do sth. 着手做某事
set about doing sth. 着手(做某事)
set up 建立，创立
set aside 留出，储蓄，置之不理
set sb.doing sth. 使某人做某事
Little Tom and his father set off for America last week，and arrived there this morning.
小汤姆和他的爸爸上周动身去了美国，并于今天上午到达了那里。
The man set the bomb off in a ditch.
那个人把炸弹放在沟里引爆了。
完成句子
①警钟已经为当地的企业敲响，这些企业在本季已经出现了利润下滑的情况。
，which have seen a decrease in profits this season.
②我一到家就开始做我的家庭作业。
The moment I got home， ．
③那天晚上，他着手写了一篇关于污染的报告。
That evening ．
【答案】 ①Alarm bells start ringing/ring for local businesses ②I set out to do my homework
③he set about writing a report on pollution
(2)bare在句中用作形容词，表示“不加掩饰的；仅有的”。
I defeated him with my bare hands.
我赤手空拳击败了他。
They have travelled barely a third of the way.
他们只不过走了三分之一的路程。
The thought had barely come to me before it was gone again.
这个想法在我脑子里刚刚出现就又消失了。
[名师点津]
barely，hardly，scarcely等否定词置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。
Barely had we sat down at the table，when the phone rang.
我们刚在桌子旁坐下电话铃就响了。
完成句子
④墙上除了一只挂钟什么也没有。
The walls were ．
⑤那家人甚至没有最起码的生活所需。
The family was short of of life.
⑥她勉强能站立。
She was ．
【答案】 ④bare except for a clock ⑤even the bare necessities ⑥barely able to stand
2．(教材P14)One possible solution to this problem now being discussed is sustainable development.
对于现在讨论的这个问题，一种可能的解决方法就是可持续发展。
【要点提炼】 being discussed是现在分词的被动语态作定语，修饰this problem。现在分词的被动语态、过去分词和动词不定式的被动语态都可以用作定语，其主要区别是：
(1)现在分词的被动语态作定语，表示分词的被动动作正在发生。
The building being built now will be a hospital.
现在正在建设之中的大楼是一家医院。
(2)过去分词作定语，表示分词的动作已完成。
The house built last year is very strong.
去年建造的那个房子很坚固。
(3)动词不定式的被动语态作定语表示动词不定式的被动动作将要发生。
The building to be built next year will be a hospital.
明年将要建造的那个大楼会成为一家医院。
完成句子
①我认识一个在那家工厂干活的人。
I know a man ．
②以西湖闻名全国的杭州已发生很大变化。
Hangzhou, for its West Lake, has changed greatly.
③我正在找一间屋子住。
I am looking for a room ．
【答案】 ①working in that factory ②known to the nation ③to live in
3．put...into practice将……付诸实施
(教材P14)This is a simple idea，but one that is hard to put into practice.这是一个简单的想法，不过也是一个难于付诸实践的理念。
She's determined to put her new ideas into practice.
她决定把她的新想法付诸实践。
(1)practice n． 实践；练习；惯例；习惯
in practice 实际上；事实上
get/be out of practice 练习不足；变得荒疏
(2)practical adj. 实际的；实践的；实用的
(3)practise v. 实践；练习
practise doing sth. 练习做某事
It seemed like a good idea before we took action，but in practice it was a disaster.
在我们采取行动前它看似是一个很不错的想法，但是事实上它是一个灾难。
We should solve the problem in a practical way.
我们应该用一个更实用的方法来解决这个问题。
完成句子
①你想如何将这些提议付诸实施呢？
How do you intend to these proposals ？
②应该尽快实施这项法规。
The law should be as soon as possible.
【答案】 ①put；into practice ②put into practice
4．(教材P14)For all these things，we mostly depend on fuels such as coal，gas and oil to produce energy.
为了能做所有这些事情，我们主要依靠燃料，如煤、天然气和石油来产生能量。
(1)depend on 依靠，依赖，相信
He depends on you to help him.
他指望着你帮助他。
It depends on the weather whether we can go out for a picnic.
我们是否去野餐取决于天气。
(1)depend on/upon＋n. 依靠，依赖，相信
depend on/upon sb.to do 指望某人做……
depend on/upon it that... 指望……
That (all) depends./It (all) depends. (口语)视情况而定。
(2)depend on 同义短语：rely on/count on
—Can you finish the work before Sunday?
——你可以在星期天之前完成这项工作吗？
—It (all)depends.
——这要看情况而定。
You may depend on it that she will help you.
你可以相信她会帮助你的。
同义句改写
You can depend on him to help you.
①You can that he will help you.(用it改写句子)
②You can depend on ．(用动名词改写句子)
【答案】 ①depend on it ②his helping you
完成句子
③— Are you confident of the match tomorrow?
— You may (可以指望) I will win it.
【答案】 ③depend on it that
(2)such as例如；譬如
They will plant flowers，such as roses and peonies.
他们将种植一些花，例如玫瑰和牡丹。
[明辨异同] such as/for example
such as
用来列举事物时，一般列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。插在被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，as后面不可有逗号。
for example
用来举例说明某一论点或情况，一般只举同类人或物中的“一个”为例，作插入语，可位于句首、句中或句末。
Some of the rubbish，such as food，paper and iron，rots away over a long period of time.
有些废物，如剩饭、废纸和废铁，时间一久就烂掉了。
Ball games，for example，have spread around the world.
例如，球类运动已经在世界各地传播开了。
What would you do if you met a wild animal—a lion，for example?
如果遇上野兽——例如狮子，你该怎么办？
[名师点津]
使用such as时，后面列举的事物数量不能等于它前面所提到的数量的总和，一旦相等就要用that is或namely。如不可以说I have three good friends，such as John，Jack and Tom.应该说：I have three good friends，that is，John，Jack and Tom.我有三个好朋友，即约翰、杰克和汤姆。
选词填空(for example/such as)
④There are many sources of air pollution；exhaust fumes， ．
⑤China has many big cities, Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and so on.
【答案】 ④for example ⑤such as
5．on top of 另外，此外；在……上面；在……上方；紧挨着；与……紧靠着；控制着；掌握着
(教材P14)On top of this，burning these fuels produces carbon dioxide，which is harmful to the environment.除此之外，燃烧这些燃料会产生对环境有害的二氧化碳。
On top of being accused of stealing，he was also accused of having murdered an old couple.除了被指控偷盗以外，他还被控告谋杀了一对老夫妻。
Books were piled on top of one another.
书籍一本一本地摞在一起。
We were all living on top of each other in that small house.我们挤着住在那座小房子里。
Do you think he's really on top of his job?
你认为他真的能做好他的工作吗？
on top of the world欢天喜地；心满意足；非常自豪
on top 另外；在上面；在顶部；处于领先地位
from top to bottom 从上到下；彻底地
from top to toe 从头到脚；浑身上下；全部
at the top of one's voice 高声地；放声地
完成句子
①He had a bad week.He lost his job and (另外；此外)，his car was stolen.
②She was screaming (声嘶力竭地)．
【答案】 ①on top of that ②at the top of her voice
6．contribute to促成；有助于
(教材P14)Carbon dioxide contributes to air，water and soil pollution.
二氧化碳造成了空气、水和土壤的污染。
Medical negligence was said to have contributed to her death.
据说医务人员的玩忽职守是她死亡的原因。
(1)contribute sth. to sb. 把某物捐献/捐赠给某人
contribute to sth. 为……做贡献(捐款)；有
助于；促成某事物；起……作用
contribute...to... 撰稿；投稿
contribute one's share 尽自己的一份力量
(2)contribution n. 贡献
make a contribution to 为……做贡献
Each worker contributed one dollar to the Red Cross.每个工人都向红十字会捐献了一美元。
She has contributed (several poems) to literary magazines.
她给文学刊物投了(几首诗)稿。
[名师点津]
contribute to 及make a contribution to 中的to为介词，后面接名词、代词或动名词。
类似的短语：be used to，look forward to，lead to，devote oneself to，object to等。
I am sure your suggestion will contribute to solving the problem.
我相信你的建议将有助于解决这个问题。
用contribute的相关词语完成下列小片段
Kind-hearted people from all over the country ① money the poor kids, which ② solving their returning to school.A writer wrote this story and ③ a magazine.
来自全国各地的好心人为贫穷的孩子捐款，这使他们能够重返校园。一个作家写了这个故事，并给一家杂志投了稿。
【答案】 ①contribute; to ②contributes to
③contributed it to
7．(教材P14)This is why many people are pushing for the use of alternative energy sources.
这就是许多人强烈要求使用替代能源的原因。
(1)push for不断要求；争取
They are pushing for a quick solution to the problem.他们催促对这个问题的快速解决方案。
Non-smokers are pushing for a ban on smoking here.
非烟民强烈要求禁止在这里吸烟。
push sth.aside 不考虑；不去想
push ahead with 毅然推行(计划)
push sth.back 推迟；延迟
push forward 继续前进
push sb.out 开除；驱逐；替换
push sb./sth.over 推倒；推翻
push sth.through 使通过；使得到批准
They were urged to push forward with their reforms.
人们催促他们推行改革。
She pushed her doubts aside and carried on.
她抛开那些疑团，继续坚持下去。
完成句子
①加紧赶路，在天黑之前我们就能够到家了。
If we ， we can get home before dark.
②工人们开始极力要求涨工资。
Workers start to a higher salary.
③比赛从下午两点延迟到四点才开始。
The start of the game from 2 p．m. to 4 p．m.
【答案】 ①push forward ②push for ③was pushed back
(2)alternative adj. (二者之间)只能选其一的；二者任择其一的(无比较级和最高级的变化)
We have two alternative courses，surrender or death.我们只有两条路，投降或死亡。
alternative n．二者之间的选择；二者选一(一般为可数名词，可以在前面加定冠词)
have no alternative but...除……外别无选择
＝(have no choice but to do)
You have the alternative of riding or walking.
你可以在坐车和步行中选择一种。
We have no alternative but to move.
我们别无选择只好搬走。
完成句子
④我除了跟你走外别无选择。
I'll to go with you.
⑤你可以结婚也可以仍做单身汉，任你选择。
You marrying or remaining a bachelor.
【答案】 ④have no alternative but ⑤have the alternative of
8．run out用完；耗尽(不及物动词，无被动语态)
(教材P14)Alternative energy sources can be used without running out.
替代能源可以被使用而不会耗尽。
Time is running out for the trapped miners.
被困矿工的时间不多了。
[名师点津]
run out表示“某物用完了”，物作主语；run out of 表示“某人用完了某物”，人作主语，是及物动词短语，物作主语时没有被动形式。
The petrol ran out，which means we ran out of the petrol.汽油耗尽了，那意味着我们用光了汽油。
run across 无意间碰到
run after 追逐；追求
run away 逃走；离家
run off 逃跑；出版
run over 碾压；快速阅读
in the long run 从长远的观点来看
in the short run 从短期来看；在短期内
I ran across the letter while I was tidying the drawers.我在整理抽屉时，偶然发现了那封信。
When he was 13，he ran away from home.
他13岁时离家出走。
完成句子
①在旅行快结束时，食物已经吃完了。
Food supplies had towards the end of the trip.
②如果我们的钱用完了可以在广州卖掉几件(衣服)。
If we money, we can sell some of them in Guangzhou.
③同时追两兔，一个也抓不住。
If you two hares, you will catch neither.
④从长远看，物价肯定要涨。
， prices are bound to rise.
【答案】 ①run out ②run out of ③run after ④In the long run
9．(教材P15)The pipes have oil or water inside them，which is heated and sent to the storage tank until needed or used to produce electricity．
管子里有油或水，它们先被加热，然后被输送到储能槽里储存备用，或者被用来发电。
【要点提炼】 句子中which引导非限制性定语从句，until needed＝until it is needed是一种省略形式，to produce electricity是目的状语。
非限制性定语从句指代物时只能用which引导，指代全句时用which，as。
Zhang Jike won the match，which made me very happy.
张继科取得了这场比赛的胜利，这使我非常高兴。
He is ready to help others，as anybody can see.
正如大家所看到的，他乐于助人。
用as，which填空
① is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month.
②The weather turned out to be very good， was more than we could expect.
③She has been absent again， is expected.
④Tom has made rapid progress， makes me very happy.
【答案】 ①As ②which ③as ④which
完成句子
⑤我不忍见到他受到那样的对待。
I can't bear to like that.
⑥我看见他坐在树荫下。
I in the shade of a tree.
⑦你真的看到他打破窗户吗？
Did you actually ？
【答案】 ⑤see him treated ⑥saw him sitting ⑦see him break the window
连接词在作文中的使用
本单元的写作项目主要是关于英语写作中过渡词，连接词的使用。一些同学在作文中使用过多简单句，成了简单句堆砌，有的写复杂句时，动辄用so，and，then，but，or，however，yet等，非但达不到丰富表达方式的目的，反而使句子结构松散、呆板。为了避免这种现象，可以通过合理使用连接词，尤其是一些表示从属关系的连接词，如because，since，although，after，as，before，when，whenever，if，unless，as if等，不仅能够丰富句型，而且还能够把思想表达得更清楚，意义更连贯。
Natural resources are very limited.They will be exhausted in the near future.It is not true.But it becomes a major concern around the world.This is a widely accepted fact.
这段文字用简单句表达，它们之间内在的逻辑关系含糊不清，意思支离破碎。如果使用连接词，将单句与其前后合并，形成主次关系，就把一个比较复杂的内容和关系表达得层次清楚、结构严谨。
It is a widely accepted fact that there is a major concern around the world for the exhaustion of limited natural resources in the near future，though it is unlikely to be true.
某英语报就中学生课外阅读开展征文活动。假如你是某中学高三学生蒋平，请你根据下面表格中的信息，写一篇英语短文，发送到该报。
为什么要进行课外阅读
●课外阅读既能拓展知识，也是一种休闲娱乐
●书籍是人类智慧的结晶
●中外历史上有很多有关读书的名言警句(举例说明)
如何才能养成好的课外阅读习惯
坚持课外阅读的习惯要从小培养
你的观点(两到三点)
注意：1.对所给要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不能简单翻译；
2．词数100左右，开头已经写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：结晶crystal；
课外阅读out-of-class reading
Dear editor，
Students are reading more than ever before today.Indeed，the importance of reading can never be too much stressed.
Best wishes.
Yours sincerely，
Jiang Ping
第1步
思路——分析透彻是前提
本篇作文可从以下三个方面入手：首先分析要进行阅读的原因；第二介绍怎样才能养成良好的阅读习惯；最后发表一下作者自己的观点。
第2步
词汇——必用词汇是关键
1.事实上
2．首先
3．拓宽
4．放松
5．消磨时间
6．养成习惯
【答案】 1.in fact/indeed/in reality/as a matter of fact 2.first of all/firstly/to begin with/to start with 3.broaden/widen 4.relaxation 5.kill time 6．develop/form the habit of
第3步
句式——熟练翻译是根本
1.事实上，怎样强调阅读的重要性都不过分。
Indeed，the importance of reading ．
2．首先，课外阅读充实我们的大脑和拓宽我们的视野。
， out-of-class reading enriches our mind and ．
3．通过阅读，我们能学习一些课堂上学不到的东西。
Through reading，we can learn in class.
4．关于阅读有许多名言，像“读书健脑，运动强身”。
There're many famous sayings about reading，like“Reading the mind exercise the body”．
5．最重要的是，阅读时应该做好笔记。
，we should keep notes .
【答案】 1.can never be too much stressed
2．First of all；broadens our horizons
3．what can not be learnt
4．is to；what；is to
5．Last but not least；while reading
第4步
成文——连句成篇是目的
【参考范文】
Dear editor，
Students are reading more than ever before today.Indeed，the importance of reading can never be too much stressed.
First of all，out-of-class reading enriches our mind and broadens our horizons.People say that books are the crystal of human wisdom.Through reading，we can learn what cannot be learnt in class.Besides，reading is also a way of relaxation.
There're many famous sayings about reading，like“Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body”．Then，how can we develop the habit of reading？I believe we need to begin from an early age，then stick to it and never give up.Secondly，choose those which contribute to our healthy growth.Last but not least，we should keep notes while reading.
Best wishes.
Yours sincerely，
Jiang Ping
课件72张PPT。Unit 1 Building the futureSection Ⅳ Task & Project234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071点击右图进入…Thank you for watching !核心要点回扣
Ⅰ.重点单词
根据词性和汉语提示写出下列单词及派生词
1． n．政治→ adj.政治的→ n．从政者；政客
2． n．代理人，中介人→ n．(政府的)专门机构；服务机构
3． adj.永久的，长久的→ n．永久；不变
4． vt.灌溉→ n．灌溉
5． vt.花费→ n．费用；开销
6． adj.软弱的；虚弱的→ vt.& vi.削弱；减弱
7． adj.创造的；有创造力的→ n．创造力
8． v．调整……；调节……→ adj.可调节的→ n．调整，调节
9． adj.暂定的；踌躇的→ adv.暂时地
10． adj.有望的→ adv.有望；渴望
【答案】 1.politics；political；politician 2.agent；agency 3.permanent；permanence 4.irrigate；irrigation 5.expend；expense 6.weak；weaken
7．creative；creativity 8.adjust；adjustable；adjustment 9.tentative；tentatively
10．hopeful；hopefully
Ⅱ.重点短语
1． 毫无疑问
2． 处在关键时刻
3． 艺术品
4． 给……施加压力
5． 补上；补做
6． refer to
7． put something into practice
8． on top of
9． push for
10． run out
【答案】 1.beyond doubt 2.at a crossroads
3．work of art 4.put pressure on/upon 5.catch up on 6.参考；参阅；涉及 7.实施 8.在……上面，另外 9.不断要求；争取 10.用完
Ⅲ.重点句式
根据所给提示补全下列教材原句
1．These things provide a framework for new jobs to be created， (让人们自助) so that they no longer need to depend on others.
2．One possible solution to this problem (正在考虑的) is sustainable development.
3．The pipes have oil or water inside them， (它被加热) and sent to the storage tank until needed or used to produce electricity.
4．The introduction of programmes like these will hopefully help end the systematic destruction of the environment and see alternative energy (在全球推广)．
【答案】 1.allowing people to help themselves
2．now being discussed 3.which is heated
4．promoted around the world
课件9张PPT。Unit 1 Building the future单元尾 核心要点回扣2345678Thank you for watching !课时分层作业(一)
[语言知识练习固基础]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He works in the Central Intelligence (专门机构)．
2．By now Mr.Smith's fame has spread far (超出……之外)South America.
3．Her views about the marriage are remarkably (传统的)．
4．I'm in a (窘境)over whether to tell him or not.
5．They are involved in an exciting scientific (事业，计划)．
6．The building had a brick base and metal (框架)．
7．I'm sure you can understand the (严重性)of the situation.
8．She suffered (长久的) brain damage as a result of the accident.
9．Annual (降雨量)was lower last year than ever before.
10．The policeman (摔跤)the thief to the ground and arrested him.
【答案】 1.Agency 2.beyond 3.conventional
4．dilemma 5.enterprise 6.framework 7.gravity
8．permanent 9.rainfall 10.wrestled
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1．Young women are moving into professions a faster rate.
2．Great changes have taken place in my home village I left.
3．The dictionary is (intend) for the beginners.
4．A number of plants (put) into operation.
5．He has risked (lose) money to bet on the horse.
6．There is no doubt climate change is a reality.
7．Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus (cause) the delay.
8．He pretended (see) the movie before.
9．There is a (say) that banking business is a risk business.
10．All the roads (lead) to the city had been repaired.
【答案】 1.at 2.since 3.intended 4.have been put 5.losing 6.that 7.causing 8.to have seen 9．saying 10.leading
[高考题型练习提能力]
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Wealth starts with a goal saving a dollar at a time. Call it the piggy bank strategy(策略). There are lessons in that time-honored coin-saving container.
Any huge task seems easier when reduced to baby steps. If you wish to climb a 12，000-foot mountain, and could do it a day at a time, you would only have to climb 33 feet daily to reach the top in a year. If you want to take a really nice trip in 10 years for a special occasion, to collect the $15，000 cost, you have to save $3.93 a day. If you drop that into a piggy bank and then once a year put $1，434 in a savings account at 1% interest rate after-tax, you will have your trip money.
When I was a child, my parents gave me a piggy bank to teach me that, if I wanted something, I should save money to buy it. We associate piggy banks with children, but in many countries, the little containers are also popular with adults. Europeans see a piggy bank as a sign of good fortune and wealth. Around the world, many believe a gift of a piggy bank on New Year's Day brings good luck and financial success. Ah, but you have to put something in it.
Why is a pig used as a symbol of saving? Why not an elephant bank, which is bigger and holds more coins? In the Middle Ages, before modern banking and credit instruments, people saved money at home, a few coins at a time dropped into a jar or dish. Potters(制陶工) made these inexpensive containers from an orange-colored clay(黏土) called “pygg”， and folks saved coins in pygg jars.The Middle English word for pig was “pigge”. While the Saxons pronounced pygg, referring to the clay, as “pug”， eventually the two words changed into the same pronunciation, sounding the “i” as in pig or piggy. As the word became less associated with the orange clay and more with the animal, a clever potter fashioned a pygg jar in the shape of a pig, delighting children and adults. The piggy bank was born.
Originally you had to break the bank to get to the money, bringing in a sense of seriousness into savings. While piggy banks teach children the wisdom of saving, adults often need to relearn childhood lessons. Think about the things in life that require large amounts of money—college education, weddings, cars, medical care, starting a business, buying a home, and fun stuff like great trips. So when you have money, take off the top 10%, put it aside, save and invest wisely.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了储蓄罐的由来，并告诉人们应平时储蓄小钱，以备将来不时之需。
1．What is the piggy bank strategy?
A．Paying 1% income tax at a time.
B．Setting a goal before making a travel plan.
C．Putting aside a little money regularly for future use.
D．Aiming high even when doing small things.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段的If you drop that into a piggy bank and then once a year put $1，434 in a savings account at 1% interest rate after-tax, you will have your trip money.可知储蓄罐就是为了现在储蓄以备未来之用。故选C。
【答案】 C
2．Why did the writer's parents give him a piggy bank as a gift?
A．To delight him with the latest fashion.
B．To encourage him to climb mountains.
C．To teach him English pronunciation.
D．To help him form the habit of saving.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段的When I was a child, my parents gave me a piggy bank to teach me that, if I wanted something, I should save money to buy it.可知选D。
【答案】 D
3．The piggy bank originally was ．
A．a cheap clay container
B．a potter's instrument
C．an animal-shaped dish
D．a pig-like toy for children
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第四段的Potters(制陶工) made these inexpensive containers from an orange-colored clay(黏土) called “pygg”， and folks saved coins in pygg jars.The Middle English word for pig was “pigge”．可知选A。
【答案】 A
4．The last paragraph talks about ．
A．the seriousness of educating children
B．the enjoyment of taking a great trip
C．the difficulty of starting a business
D．the importance of managing money
【解析】 段落大意题。根据最后一段最后一句话So when you have money, take off the top 10%, put it aside, save and invest wisely.可知选D。
【答案】 D
B
I am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem cell courier．Since March 2012, I've done 89 trips—of those, 51 have been abroad.I have 42 hours to carry stem cells(干细胞) in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how long they last.In all，from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient，we've got 72 hours at most.So I am always conscious of time.
I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America.I picked up the stem cells in Providence，Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London.But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said：“Well, I'm really sorry, I've got some bad news for you—there are no flights from Washington.” So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said：“In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient－please, please, you've got to get me back to the United Kingdom.”She just dropped everything.She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me，re-routed(改道) me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.
For this courier job, you're consciously aware that in that box you've got something that is potentially going to save somebody's life.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。大家都知道，医生是救死扶伤的典范，作者虽然不是医生，但他的工作也与很多人的性命息息相关，大家快来读一读文章，了解一下他的工作吧！
5．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph 1?
A．provider B．delivery man
C．collector D．medical doctor
【解析】 词义猜测题。根据画线单词后的I've done 89 trips以及．..from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor to the time they can be implanted in the patient，we've got 72 hours...可知，“我”是一个运送干细胞的人，运送有严格的时间限制，故B项“送货员”与之相符合。其他三项的意思：provider供应者；collector收集者，收藏家；medical doctor医生。
【答案】 B
6．Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42 hours?
A．He cannot stay away from his job too long.
B．The donor can only wait for that long.
C．The operation needs that much time.
D．The ice won't last any longer.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段的I have 42 hours to carry stem cells in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how long they last.可知，保存干细胞的冰只能维持42个小时，所以“我”必须在这个时间内送达，D项与之相符合。A、B、C三项在文中未提及。
【答案】 D
7．Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?
A．To London. B．To Newark.
C．To Providence. D．To Washington.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句She arranged for a flight...for me，re-routed me through Newark and got me back to the UK...可知，她先安排“我”去了Newark，然后再转到英国，故选B项。
【答案】 B
Ⅳ.翻译句子
1．一场大地震袭击雅安，导致数千人失去家园。(用分词作状语)
2．为了赶上早班车他起床很早。(so that)
3．现在雅安最需要的就是食品和药品。(what引导主语从句)
4．在压力之下，他往往工作得出色。(pressure)
5．他毫无疑问是我所教过的学生中最聪明的。(beyond doubt)
【答案】 1.A big earthquake hit Ya’an，causing thousands of people lost their homes.
2．He got up early so that he could catch the early bus.
3．What people need most in Ya’an is food and medicine.
4．He works best under pressure.
5．He is beyond doubt the cleverest student I've ever taught.
Ⅴ.语法填空
Great changes have taken place in the countryside in our country.
As a child, I 1. (live) in a poor family. The second hand clothes, rain-leaking roof of the house became part of my memory. 2. ， the worst impression is that I 3. (feel) hungry all the time. Sometimes hunger hit me so severely 4. I regarded dried sweet potato slices as delicious snack. At that time, my dream was getting enough 5. (fill) my empty stomach.
In the early years of the 1980s, as the reform and opening-up policy was carried out, our dream came true. And then, another dream became clearer and clearer in my mind. I must try my 6. (better) to escape out of my poor and backward hometown. I worked 7. (hard) at my study than most of my classmates, and, after luckily 8. (succeed) in the National College Entrance Examination, I realized my dream again. After 9. (graduate) , I became a citizen working in a city. As the first college graduate out of a remote village, my success set an example for my folks. They came to realize that schooling is a good way to change one's fate. In the following years, there were fewer drop-outs and more college graduates in my village, 10. I am proud of even today.
【答案】 1.lived 2.However 3.was feeling
4．that 5.to fill 6.best 7.harder 8.succeeding
9．graduation 10.which
课时分层作业(二)
[语言知识练习固基础]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The team has been (减弱) by injury.
2．She (挤压) some scream onto her hands.
3． (创造力)is more important than technical skill.
4．He used to do some research in the (地下室)．
5．Who is doing the (酒席承办)for the reception?
6．Our hometown has a lot of places of interest, so the (旅游) industry brings us great profit.
7．From the buildings' appearing in our city，we can see the (建筑)industry is developing quickly.
8．Young people going in for things up to date are usually interested in the (时装)industry.
9．She has contributed to many magazines for several years, which makes her outstanding in the (出版) industry.
10．Bill Gates is No.1 in the information (技术)．
【答案】 1.weakened 2.squeezed 3.Creativity
4．basement 5.catering 6.tourism
7．construction 8.fashion 9.publishing
10．technology
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．We train them to make use of (refer) books.
2．Edward has been (involve) in a car crash and they say he won't pull through.
3．China is a nation (belong) to the third world.
4．We all went to Shanghai, (include) my mother.
5．It is possible to transmute form of energy into another.
6．America is the most (develop) country in the world.
7．What you have done is contrary the doctor's orders.
8．As a result that accident he was crippled for life.
9．Staff must stay behind after hours to catch up their work.
10．He parceled out the (remain) food to the workers.
【答案】 1.reference 2.involved 3.belonging
4．including 5.one 6.developed 7.to 8.of
9．on 10.remaining
[高考题型练习提能力]
Ⅲ.阅读理解
The health-care economy is filled with unusual and even unique economic relationships.One of the least understood involves the special roles of producer or “provider” and purchaser or “consumer” in the typical doctor-patient relationship.In most areas of the economy，it is the seller who attempts to attract a potential buyer，and it is the buyer who make the decision.Such condition，however，does not exist in most of the health-care industry.
In the health-care industry，the doctor-patient relationship is different from the ordinary relationship between producer and consumer.Once an individual has chosen to see a physician，it is the physician who usually makes all significant purchasing decisions：whether the patient should “return next Wednesday”，whether X-rays are needed，whether drugs should be prescribed，etc.It is a rare patient who will challenge such professional decisions，especially when the disease is regarded as serious.
This is particularly significant in relation to hospital care.The physician must provide evidence for the need for hospitalization，and announce when the patient may be discharged.The patient may be consulted about some of these decisions，but in the main it is the doctor's judgments that are final.No wonder that in the eye of the hospital it is the physician who is the real “consumer”．As a consequence，the medical staff represents the “power center” in hospital policy and decision-making，not the administration.
Although usually there are in this situation four participants—the hospital，the physician，the patient，and the payer (generally an insurance carrier or government)—the physician makes the essential for all of them.We estimate that about 75-80 percent of health-care expenses are determined by physicians，not patients.For this reason，economy(节约) directed at patients or the general are ineffective.
1．The author's primary purpose is to ．
A．criticize doctors for using too much control over patients
B．analyze some important economic factors in health-care
C．urge hospitals to change their decision-making authority
D．inform potential patients of their health-care rights
【解析】 意图态度题。通读整篇文章可以看出，作者只是以客观、中立的态度分析了医患双方这个特殊经济关系中的一些重要因素，故B项正确。作者并没有批评医生过多地掌握病人，也没有力劝医院收回决策权，更没有告诉病人他们享受医疗保险的权力。故其他三项均不是本文的写作意图。
【答案】 B
2．Doctors are able to determine hospital policies because ．
A．it is doctors who bring in income for the hospital
B．it is doctors who arm with professional skills
C．a doctor is responsible for a patient's health
D．a doctor is in charge of a patient's hospital care
【解析】 推理判断题。概括第三段第二、第三和第四这三句话的深层含义可推断出，A项表达贴近文意。C、D两项与文意不符；B项没有提及。
【答案】 A
3．The author is most probably preparing for ．
A．a proposal to control medical costs
B．a discussion of a new medical treatment
C．an analysis of the cause of the doctor-patient conflicts
D．a study of cases against doctors for neglecting their duty
【解析】 意图态度题。本章主要讲的是在医疗经济中，决定医疗费用的是医生，而不是病人，最后一句又提出了节约的问题。因此可见，作者前面的分析是为后面关于控制医疗费用的建议做铺垫的，故A项意图相符。文章没有提到治疗方法或医患纠纷及医生治疗不当的案例，故其他三项不符文意。
【答案】 A
4．The author is likely to agree that ．
A．patients tend to object to the course of the treatment prescribed by a doctor
B．a seriously-sick patient is less likely to object to the course of treatment prescribed
C．the payer is less likely to pay when the patient's illness is serious
D．patients would dislike the physician's decisions when the diseases are serious
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句所述可推断出，一个重症病人更不可能反对医生提出的治疗方案，故B项正确。A项“病人们都愿意反对……”与文章意义不符；文章虽提到付账的人，并没有提到病重就不太可能付款之意，这也与常理不符，故C项不对，D项是对第二段最后一句话的误解。
【答案】 B
Ⅳ.完形填空
Lyse Doucet lives a happy life in Chicago. But recently there is some difficulty for her and her family. She and her husband have each other's parents and young daughter and for that they are 1 . But she and her husband are both currently 2 . And their car is in great need of 3 . And then there is the matter of their second child, who is 4 soon. So things are a little tense for the Doucet family these days.
When Lyse and her daughter were walking through a store 5 lot recently, Lyse picked up an envelope from the ground that 6 $4，000 in cash. There were a 7 of different explanations that could be considered. Was this a kind of good 8 ？ Could it be an attempt by the universe to balance everything? Could it be simply a gift from God? Lyse didn't know. The only thing she knew was that the cash in that envelope 9 to someone else. Oh, and one other thing she knew: Her young daughter was 10 . “My kid was standing right there 11 I found it，” Lyse told WLS-TV in Chicago. “So basically I wanted to teach my daughter how to be 12 . And for me that was enough.”
Never mind the bills that were 13 ， or the car that needed to be fixed, or the baby that would come soon. And forget that when she 14 the money over to the police she was told that there was actually nothing illegal if she 15 it.
The police were able to return the money to the person who 16 it－an old woman. And one can imagine the joy and 17 she felt when the police handed the lost envelope back to her. “She came to my house and she was almost in tears， 18 me，” Lyse said. “She gave me a hug and an envelope with a small 19 in it. But what was in it wasn't 20 . What mattered was the opportunity to teach my daughter honesty.”
【语篇解读】 作者夫妻双方双双失业，第二个孩子即将出生，面临巨大经济压力，这时一次偶然的机会，作者捡到了一封装有4 000美元的信封，该如何处理？作者不是据为己有，而是交给了警察。作者身体力行，教会了女儿什么是诚实。
1．A.restricted B．upset
C．grateful D．sensitive
【解析】 根据语境，夫妻双方都有自己的双亲和女儿，那么对此他们非常感恩。grateful 感激的。
【答案】 C
2．A.appreciated B．unemployed
C．disappointed D．removed
【解析】 unemployed 失业的，下文表明他们遇到了经济困难，说明他们夫妻都失业了。
【答案】 B
3．A.cash B．protection
C．sale D．repair
【解析】 根据四个选项，车只能说是需要修理。第三段的第一句中有暗示。
【答案】 D
4．A.sick B．due
C．desperate D．dull
【解析】 due预期的，指的是第二个孩子就要出生了，前文说过他们有一个女儿。
【答案】 B
5．A.gathering B．begging
C．cleaning D．parking
【解析】 parking lot 停车场，她们经过一家商店的停车场，Lyse从地上捡到一个装有4 000美元现金的信封。
【答案】 D
6．A.contained B．involved
C．charged D．paid
【解析】 contain 包含；容纳，这里指的是信封里面装有钱。
【答案】 A
7．A.handful B．deal
C．number D．flood
【解析】 a number of 很多、大量的，对于此次事件有很多不同的解释，下文就是各种解释。
【答案】 C
8．A.expense B．luck
C．hope D．prize
【解析】 good luck 好运，可以解释为一种好运。
【答案】 B
9．A.belonged B．reacted
C．pointed D．responded
【解析】 belong to 属于，这些钱是属于某个人的。
【答案】 A
10．A.urging B．affecting
C．laughing D．watching
【解析】 现在这一切女儿都在看着，自己如何处理将会直接影响到孩子，watch强调看的过程。
【答案】 D
11．A.before B．when
C．because D．though
【解析】 when引导的时间状语从句，当“我”发现这个信封的时候，孩子就在一边。
【答案】 B
12．A.ripe B．loyal
C．honest D．humorous
【解析】 honest 诚实的，作为父母，都想教育自己的孩子要诚实。故答案选C。
【答案】 C
13．A.passing by B．giving away
C．showing off D．piling up
【解析】 pile up 堆起，这里指的是不用担心账单多，账单都能够堆起一堆了。
【答案】 D
14．A.turned B．watched
C．got D．collected
【解析】 turn sth.over to 把……交给……，这里指把钱交给警察。
【答案】 A
15．A.checked B．made
C．kept D．promoted
【解析】 keep 保留，这里是指就算不上交，自己留着，也不会违反法律。
【答案】 C
16．A.sent B．lost
C．disliked D．generated
【解析】 警察自然是把钱归还给丢失的人。
【答案】 B
17．A.relief B．anxiety
C．tension D．respect
【解析】 失而复得，自然是感到放松。relief 放松。
【答案】 A
18．A.comforting B．congratulating
C．thanking D．offending
【解析】 失主到她家去自然是感谢她。thank 感谢。
【答案】 C
19．A.option B．present
C．envelope D．amount
【解析】 失主给“我”拥抱，并且给“我”一封装有小数额钱的信封。
【答案】 D
20．A.important B．serious
C．sufficient D．efficient
【解析】 信封里面是什么不重要，重要的是“我”教给了女儿要诚实。
【答案】 A
Ⅴ.短文改错
The summer holiday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday.We can chose between staying at home and take a trip.If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.But in that case，we will learn little about world.If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books.Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.I thought that it is a good idea.It does not cost many，yet we can still learn a lot.
【答案】
The summer holiday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about to do during the holiday.We can between staying at home and a trip.If we stay at home, it is comfortable there is no need to spend money.But in that case，we will learn little about world.If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden view and gain we cannot get from books.Some classmates suggest we 或 go to places of interest nearby.I that it is a good idea.It does not cost ，yet we can still learn a lot.
课时分层作业(三)
[语言知识练习固基础]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Global warming has set (担心，惊恐)bells ringing.
2．Past development polluted the environment and wasted natural (资源)．
3．The government should do more to promote (可持续的)agriculture.
4．Getting better health care，education，housing and improved (标准)of living for everyone is our government's aim.
5．We'll see how this schedule works，then we'll make (调整)as necessary.
6．Billions of dollars are (存钱)in banks everyday.
7． (抱有希望地)，we'll get more news next week.
8．They have developed a (系统的)approach to the clean-up of waste.
9．The peace talks are (暂时)planned for next week.
【答案】 1.alarm 2.resources 3.sustainable
4．standards 5.adjustments 6.deposited
7．Hopefully 8.systematic 9.tentatively
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Latest UN report again sets alarm bells (ring) about AIDS in China.
2．He has (bare) enough money to live on.
3．The water pipe (repair), we had to eat out.
4．The law should be put practice as soon as possible.
5．Yon may depend on that they will support you.
6．This would require paying off the debt at a (high) rate than money is borrowed.
7． top of borrowing $50, he asked me to lend him my car.
8．How much did you contribute the relief fund?
9．You have no alternative but (stay) here overnight.
10．Mechanical system has run out energy for a week.
【答案】 1.ringing 2.barely 3.being repaired
4．into 5.it 6.higher 7.On 8.to 9.to stay 10.of
[高考题型练习提能力]
Ⅲ.阅读理解
As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information，are people remembering less？If you know your computer will save information，why store it in your own personal memory，your brain？Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.
In a recent study，Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments.She and her research team wanted to know how the Internet is changing memory.In the first experiment，they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer.The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information.The second group understood that the computer would not save it.Later，the second group remembered the information better.People in the first group knew they could find the information again，so they did not try to remember it.
In another experiment，the researchers gave people facts to remember，and told them where to find the information on the computer.The information was in a specific computer folder(文件夹)．Surprisingly，people later remembered the folder location(位置)better than the facts.When people use the Internet，they do not remember the information.Rather，they remember how to find it.This is called“transactive memory(交互记忆)．”
According to Sparrow，we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet.Instead，computer users are developing stronger transactive memories；that is，people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date.This doesn't mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent，but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。人们越来越依赖网络了。网络中储存着大量的信息，人们还需要用大脑去记忆吗？是不是我们的大脑越来越不记事情了？科学家对此进行了两个实验，来验证我们的大脑记忆事情的变化。
1．The passage begins with two questions to ．
A．introduce the main topic
B．show the author's attitude
C．describe how to use the Internet
D．explain how to store information
【解析】 推理判断题。文章主要讨论网络是否引起了人们的大脑记忆事情的变化。作者首先运用两个问题来引出话题，因此A项最佳。文章开头的问题是导入话题的，因此可以排除其他选项。
【答案】 A
2．What can we learn about the first experiment?
A．The Sparrow's team typed the information into a computer.
B．The two groups remembered the information equally well.
C．The first group did not try to remember the information.
D．The second group did not understand the information.
【解析】 细节理解题。由第二段中的People in the first group knew they could find the information again，so they did not try to remember it.可知，因为知道电脑会储存信息，所以第一组实验者就没有去记忆这些信息。故选C。A项错在不是Sparrow的团队，而是参加实验的人把信息输入电脑，可排除；B项与第二段倒数第二句．..the second group remembered the information better.矛盾，可排除；文章中未提及D项，可排除。
【答案】 C
3．In transactive memory，people ．
A．keep the information in mind
B．change the quantity of information
C．organize information like a computer
D．remember how to find the information
【解析】 细节理解题。由第三段中的When people use the Internet，they do not remember the information.Rather，they remember how to find it.可知，在这样的情况下，人们更容易记住怎样找到信息，而不是信息的内容，故选D项。
【答案】 D
4．What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrow's research?
A．We are using memory differently.
B．We are becoming more intelligent.
C．We have poorer memories than before.
D．We need a better way to access information.
【解析】 推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的最后一句This doesn't mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent，but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.(这并不意味着我们变得更聪明或更不聪明了，但毫无疑问我们利用记忆的方式正在改变)可排除B、C两项，确定A项正确。文章中未提及D项“我们需要一种更好的方式来获取信息”。
【答案】 A
Ⅳ.阅读七选五
After a late night doing tons of homework，you are trying hard to keep your eyes open in class. “ 1 ” You are probably thinking. “This weekend I'll make up for all the sleep I have lost.”
Most people think like you, that if you stay in bed longer on Saturdays and Sundays, you will catch up hour-by-hour on your missed sleep during the week.
However, this is wrong. 2 In fact, scientists have just found that sleeping-in during the weekend will not do you any good, but rather make you feel more tired on Monday morning, reported The Telegraph.
3 It tells us when to wake up in the morning and when to feel sleepy at night. But the time on our body clock can be changed if we start taking on different sleeping habits. 4
If we decide to get up only 20 minutes or half an hour late, it won't matter. This is because our body clock can accommodate(适应)a delay of up to an hour, which means that a short lie-in at weekends is unlikely to have any big effect. 5 This means on Monday morning we sometimes struggle to get out of bed.
So, what should we do to balance out all the rest we've missed? Scientists say that simply getting eight hours of sleep would do the trick, not any longer. That's because our brain rests more efficiently when it's tired.
A．Sleeping is nothing like paying back money.
B．Sleep is important for everyone.
C．This is why staying in bed for longer than usual might confuse our body clock.
D．But delays of up to two hours or more can throw our body out of order.
E．I need more sleep!
F．However，if we sleep longer，our sleep becomes less efficient.
G．Our body keeps a clock inside.
【答案】 1—5 EAGCD
Ⅴ.书面表达
假定你是李华，王平约你本周日一同参加同学黎明的十八岁生日聚会，但你有以下几件事情不明白，请用英语写给王平一封电子邮件进行询问。
1．地点及开始时间；
2．交通方式；
3．准备礼物；
4．安排及结束时间。
注意：1.词数：100左右(已给出的开头和结尾不计入总词数)；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Wang Ping，
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Wang Ping，
I'm very happy to go with you to Li Ming's 18th birthday party, but I have something unclear to ask. Please tell me when it begins and when it ends. Where is it to be held? How shall we go to the party, by bus or by bike? Would you let me know who else will be at the party? A birthday gift has been a tradition for a happy birthday. What do you have in mind if we want to get him a nice gift? Also, I'd like to know how he plans the party. Any dance, singing, games or anything else? Anyway, all that counts is to have fun at the party.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
