Five young Americans spent two months traveling across the United States recently on a two-month bus journey.But this was not a romantic cross-country trip of self-discovery.These five youths were on a mission to raise money to combat AIDS in Africa.The driver of a yellow school bus revs its engine.A black-and-white mural painted on the bus's side shows children's faces, the phrase “Close the Gap”， and a large number “three”．
According to the UNAIDS organization, nearly three million people were newly infected with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa last year.Nearly three million people around the world last year died of AIDS.
Five young Americans spent two months of their summer on this renovated school bus.They traveled across the country, with stops in 23 U．S.states, and speaking engagements at dozens of schools, churches and youth rallies.
The five share one mission—educating young Americans about the AIDS crisis in Africa.
Eighteen-year-old Nathaniel Elliot came up with the idea after he learned a sobering fact.
“Two years ago, I found out that, by the time I graduated from high school, there would be more than 40 million people HIV-positive, and mostly in Africa, and, for some reason, that grabbed me (caught my attention)，” said Elliot.So, the teenager decided to see what he could do to help.
“Originally, my friend and I had always planned, just for the fun of it, to drive across the country—no reason, just for fun for our senior year，” Elliot explained.“But, when I found out that fact, I realized we could use it for something good, and not just our own pleasure.And, through that, the idea of building schools came around, you know, spreading awareness is a major goal.” Elliot spread the word that he was looking for people to share his mission of educating young Americans, and getting them involved.An anonymous donor gave him the bus.And about 30 people applied for the trip.Elliot helped select four of them, ages 17—23.
During the coast-to-coast trek, the five young men stopped in Washington to speak at a Christian youth rally.They look like average college-aged boys—short hair, shorts or jeans.But they stand apart from the thousands of young people in the crowd.They are each wearing a bright orange-and-black T-shirt emblazoned with a map of Africa and the name of their mission motto: “Living Hope.”
[诱思导读]
1．What is the mission that five young Americans spent two months traveling across the USA?
2．What do you think we can do to help the people who get AIDS in Africa?
【答案】 1.The mission is to raise money to combat AIDS and to educate young Americans about the AIDS crisis in Africa.
2．略
Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading—Preparing
Ⅰ.词义搭配
1．bathe A．sudden and unexpected，often in an unpleasant way
2．abrupt B．all the things that need to be done or that need to be
thought about or solved
3．weep C．to wash someone in a bath
4．sneeze D．an attempt to do something
5．bid E．to decide that something is true after looking at all
the evidence you have
6．agenda F．to treat sb.unfairly because of their religion，race，
or other personal features
7．conclude G．an act or sound of sneezing
8．discriminate H．to cry because you feel unhappy or have some other
strong emotion
【答案】 1.C 2.A 3.H 4.G 5.D 6.B 7.E 8.F
Ⅱ.短语填空
burst on the scene；be familiar with；devote...to；die of/from；as well as；at a rate；so far；have access to
1．Every student here the library on weekends.
2．A terrible disease after the big earthquake.
3．The number of the people who get Aids is increasing frightening ．
4．We the cause of the disease.
5．In Africa，now more children Aids.
【答案】 1.has access to 2.burst on the scene
3．at a；rate 4.are familiar with 5.died of
Ⅲ.背诵下列教材中出现的句型，体会黑体部分的用法
1．HIV is spreading across the world at a high rate, with about 7，000 people catching the virus daily.
艾滋病毒在全球以高速度传播，大约每天有7000人受到感染。
2．The work of international organizations is even more important when you consider how much more severe the situation could become.
当考虑到这一形势会变得多么严峻时，国际组织的工作就显得更加重要了。
3．Although most people are familiar with Aids and how it is spread，many people think that HIV and Aids are an African problem，because there are so many HIV and Aids victims in Africa.
虽然多数人熟悉艾滋病及其传播方式，但很多人认为艾滋病毒和艾滋病是非洲的问题，因为非洲的艾滋病毒携带者和艾滋病人特别多。
Ⅰ.从三个选项中选择最佳答案
1．How many people catch the HIV every day according to the passage?
A．7，000. B．4 million. C．740，000.
2．Which is not the way that the HIV is spread?
A．Through unprotected sex.
B．Through blood.
C．Through mosquitoes，a cough or sneeze.
3．Which is not the measure that the government takes to control the Aids in China?
A．To open labs to monitor the disease.
B．To provide free drug for Aids patients.
C．To set up treatment centres.
【答案】 1.A 2.C 3.C
Ⅱ.完成下列表格
Aids today
Introduction
(Paragraph 1)
In an African village，11-year-old Ajani was bathing his younger sister when his mother 1. Aids，the same disease that took his father.
The cause of Aids
(Paragraph 2)
Aids is caused by a 2. called HIV.If someone has Aids，his body's 3. will become so weak that he will lose the ability to fight other illnesses.
The spread of Aids
(Paragraph 3)
HIV is spread in three ways：through 4. sex，through 5. and from a mother to her child.
The number of the people who get Aids
(Paragraph 4)
Now there are 30 million people living with HIV worldwide.Aids has become a serious problem not only in 6. but also around the world.
The measures to fight against Aids(Paragraphs 5～8)
In China：open labs to 7. the disease；
start providing free drugs for Aids patients.
In the world：the UN founded the UNAIDS to help prevent the spread of Aids；
to provide people with HIV testing and HIV or Aids medical care；
to teach young people how to prevent Aids；
to set up 8.
Conclusion
(Paragraph 9)
Fortunately，Ajani and his sister didn't get HIV and is cared for by their grandfather now.He believes that 9. as well as medical treatment is the key to stopping the disease 10. .
【答案】 1.died of 2.virus 3.immune system
4．unprotected 5.blood 6.Africa 7.monitor
8．treatment centres 9.education 10.in the future
Ⅲ.完成下面课文缩写
In an African village, eleven-year-old Ajani was bathing his young sister
1. his mother died of Aids, the same disease that took his father. Aids is caused by a virus 2. (call) HIV.Anyone 3. has Aids will lose the ability to fight other 4. (illness), and there is no cure for Aids.
HIV is spreading across the world 5. a high rate in three ways: through unprotected sex, through blood and from a mother to her child. Now there are over 30 million people 6. (live) with HIV worldwide and more than 4 million children have died of Aids.
In a bid to control the problem, many measures 7. (take) in China and the world, which not only help prevent Aids from 8. (pass) on. The measures also help a number of children losing both parents. It is 9. (believe) that education as well as medical treatment is the key to 10. (stop) the disease in the future.
【答案】 1.when 2.called 3.who 4.illnesses 5.at 6.living 7.have been taken 8.passing 9．believed 10.stopping
课件26张PPT。Unit 3 Protecting ourselvesSection Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading—PreparingThank you for watching !Section Ⅱ Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points
1．bathe v. (给……)洗澡，沐浴
(教材P34)In an African village，eleven-year-old Ajani is bathing his younger sister.
在非洲的一个村庄，11岁的阿加尼正在给小妹妹洗澡。
I bathe every day.我每天洗澡。
(1)bathe sth.in sth.使……沐浴在……里
be bathed in light/sunshine/sweat 沐浴在光线里/阳光下/被汗浸没
(2)bath n. 浴缸，浴盆；沐浴
have/take a bath 沐浴，洗澡
There is water on the floor.The wooden bath must be leaking.
地面上有水。这个木制的浴盆一定在漏水。
The beach was bathed in the golden sunshine.
海滩浸沐在金色的阳光里。
完成句子
①我紧张得浑身是汗。
I was so nervous that I sweat.
②他有睡前洗澡的习惯。
He has the habit of before going to bed.
③一轮满月将银色的月光撒满这一带乡间。
A full moon the countryside a silver light.
【答案】 ①was bathed in ②taking a bath
③bathed；in
2．cure n．药、药物；疗法；治疗；疗程
(教材P34)So far，there is no cure for Aids.
到目前为止，对艾滋病没有任何治疗方法。
There is no known cure for this disease.
这种病尚没有确切的治疗方法。
The cure took six weeks.
此疗程花了六个星期。
(1)a cure for sth. 治疗……办法
beyond cure 不可救药
(2)cure vt. 治愈；治好；解决(问题)；改正
cure sb.of sth. 治愈某人疾病；矫正某人的不良行为
cure sb./a disease 治疗好某人/治愈某种疾病
Can you cure him of his cancer，doctor?
医生，你能治愈他的癌症吗？
I finally managed to cure the rattling noise in my car.
我最终设法解决了我汽车发出的咯咯声。
[明辨异同] cure/treat/heal
cure
意为“治愈”，常指治疗疾病、痛苦或革除恶习、弊害等，侧重结果；可构成cure sb.of sth.结构。
treat
意为“治疗”，强调治疗的过程，常用treat sb.for sth.结构。
heal
意为“(使)愈合，治愈”，指治愈伤口尤其是灼伤，使愈合或恢复正常。
The doctor is treating him and he will get cured in three days.医生正在为他治疗，三日后他将痊愈。
用cure，treat和heal的适当形式填空
①His wound after the treatment.
②Which doctor is going to him for his illness?
③She tried every means to her child of the bad habit.
【答案】 ①healed ②treat ③cure
3．(教材P34)HIV is spreading across the world at a high rate，with about 7，000 people catching the virus daily．艾滋病病毒在全球以高速度传播，大约每天有7000人受到感染。
(1)spread vt.& vi.伸展；展开；传播；蔓延(其过去式和过去分词均为spread)
The house caught fire and the fire spread quickly.
那房子着火了，火势很快蔓延开来。
The forest spreads from here to the river.
森林从这里一直延伸到那条河边。
The bird spreads its wings.鸟展开翅膀。
(1)spread sth.on/over sth.把某物铺在……上
spread sth.with sth. 把某物涂在……上
spread to 传到，波及，蔓延到
spread out 伸展身体；推开东西
(2)spread n. 扩展；扩张；普及；流行；蔓延
the spread of disease/knowledge 疾病/知识的传播
Do you have to spread yourself out all over the sofa!
你就非得躺下，把整个大沙发全占了才行吗？
They have taken measures to prevent the spread of disease.
他们已经采取措施防止疾病的传播了。
完成句子
①各种报纸摊在书桌上。
Papers had been on the desk.
②短短几个星期，他的信心感染了全体队员。
Within weeks，his confidence had throughout the team.
③为了促进知识的传播，他来到这个村庄。
He came to the village to encourage ．
【答案】 ①spread out ②spread ③the spread of knowledge
(2)【要点提炼】 with about 14，000 people being infected 是属于with的复合结构，在句中作伴随状语，修饰谓语is spreading。
with的复合结构，即“with＋宾语＋宾补”，有以下几种宾补形式。
①with＋n./pron.＋adj.
He likes to sleep with the window open.
他喜欢开着窗户睡觉。
②with＋n./pron.＋adv.
With the light on，he is sleeping in bed.
灯亮着，他睡在床上。
③with＋n./pron.＋介词短语
She came in with a baby in her arms.
她抱着孩子进来了。
④with＋n./pron.＋done
With the problem settled，we went on smoothly.
由于问题得到了解决，我们进展很顺利。
⑤with＋n./pron.＋doing
With a local guide leading the way，we got there easily.
由于当地向导带路，我们很容易到了那儿。
⑥with＋n./pron.＋to do sth.
With her husband to help her，she worked it out.
由于她丈夫帮助她，她解决了这个问题。
[名师点津]
with的复合结构既可作状语，也可作定语。
完成句子
④还有10分钟，你最好快点。
，you'd better hurry.
⑤随着时间的流逝，他们都长成大小伙子和大姑娘了。
，they have grown into big boys and big girls.
【答案】 ④With ten minutes to go ⑤With time passing by
4．be familiar with对……熟悉
(教材P34)Although most people are familiar with Aids and how it is spread...
虽然多数人熟悉艾滋病及其传播方式……
Everyone who lives near a bakery is familiar with the smell.(＝The smell is familiar to everyone who lives near a bakery.)
住在面包店附近的人都熟悉这种气味。
be familiar to 为……所熟悉
be on familiar terms with... 和……交情好
[名师点津]
familiar后常接介词to，意为“为……所熟悉”，其主语可以是人，也可以是物，宾语通常是人。familiar后接介词with意为“熟悉……”，其主语只能是人，而宾语是所熟悉的内容或物，有时也作“精通，通晓”解。其后接人时，可作“同……亲密”解。
句型转换
①He is familiar with the plants' names.
→The plants' names him.
【答案】 are familiar to
完成句子
②That girl looks quite (我面熟)．
③Are you (熟悉)the rules of baseball?
【答案】 ②familiar to me ③familiar with
5．devote...to...奉献(人生、精力、时间、劳力等)于……；致力于……；忠诚于……
(教材P35)Dr David Ho，a Chinese-American Aids expert，has devoted himself to bringing up-to-date technology and international attention to China's Aids problem.
美籍华裔、艾滋病专家何大卫博士一直致力于引进最新技术，吸引国际社会关注中国的艾滋病问题。
He devoted his life to art.
他终生献身艺术。
He devoted his energies to writing films.
他倾力创作电影剧本。
Lei Feng devoted himself to helping others in his life.
在雷锋的一生中，他热心帮助他人。
(1)devote vt. 致力；献身；倾注
devote oneself to... 献身于……；倾注于……
(2)devoted adj. 热爱的；忠实的
be devoted to... 忠实于……；热心于……；专心于……
(3)devotion n. 热爱；投入
devotion to... 热爱……；专心于……；热心于……
We all should be devoted to our parents.
我们大家都应该对父母有孝心。
I can believe him，because he is a devoted friend.
我能相信他，因为他是一位忠实的朋友。
His devotion to his wife and family is touching.
他对妻子和家人的关爱感人至深。
用devote适当形式填空
①Now she most of her time to this work.
②Most of his spare time was to the translation of those works.
③His to music is plain to see.
【答案】 ①devotes ②devoted ③devotion
6．die of死于……(多指死于疾病、衰老、悲伤、饥饿等内部原因和精神上的原因)
(教材P35)Between 2000 and 2020，over 68 million people will die of Aids.
在2000年到2020年期间，超过6800万的人将死于艾滋病。
She died of grief soon after her husband's death.
她丈夫去世不久，她因悲伤过度而死了。
die from 多指由于外伤、外界原因、粗心、不注意、疾病、劳累过度等而死。
die for 为……而死
die by (from，of) 死于……，以……方式而死
die out 绝种；灭绝；熄灭；(风俗、习惯等)逐渐消灭
die off (家族、种族等)相继死亡；(草木)先后枯死
die away (声音、光线、风等)渐弱；渐息；平息
die down (火、光线、兴奋、暴风雨等)渐弱；渐息；(声音)静下来
He died for his country.
他为国牺牲了。
The sound of the car died away in the distance.
汽车的响声在远处消失。
This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.
因栖息地正受到破坏，这一物种已濒临灭绝。
选用上述词语填空
①As the region is becoming hotter，this kind of grass is ．
②Their chatter and laughter as the group rushed out of the classroom.
③When all the guests had left，the whole house .
④We need to take action before all the endangered animals ．
【答案】 ①dying off ②died away ③died down
④died out
7．(教材P35)The work of international organizations is even more important when you consider how much more severe the situation could become.
当考虑到这一形势会变得有多么严峻时，国际组织的工作就显得更加重要了。
【要点提炼】 本句是复合句，when引导时间状语从句；how引导名词性从句，作动词consider的宾语。
时间状语从句由when，as，after，before，till，until，as soon as，once，since，by the time，the moment等引导。
When I got home，Mother had cooked the meal.
当我到家时母亲已做好了饭。
I want to see my friend after I have finished my homework.
我做完作业后要去看望我的朋友。
①I was about to ask the question (这时下课了)．
② (约翰到达时)，I was cooking lunch.
【答案】 ①when the class ended ②When John arrived
8．access n．进入；接近；通道；门路；接近……的权利
(教材P35)Their grandfather is now caring for them，and because their mother had access to prescription Aids medicines when she was pregnant, they did not get HIV from her.他们的爷爷现在正在照料他们，而且由于他们的妈妈在怀孕期间使用了艾滋病处方药物，他们没有从她那里感染艾滋病病毒。
(1)have/get/gain/obtain access to... 得以接近/进入/会见……
give sb.access to 答应让某人使用
(2)accessible adj. 易进入的；易得到的，易使用的；易接近的
be accessible to 可接近的，可靠近的
Few men have direct access to the king. 很少人能接近国王。
I have access to his office.我可以进出他的办公室。
[明辨异同] access/entrance
两者都有“通向……的通道”之意。
access
是正式用语，指从一处通向另一处的通道。用作比喻意义时，指接近某事物或某人的机会或方法。
entrance
也是正式用语，笼统地指建筑物的入口处，不指具体的门。还指“获得通过入口处的权利”的意思。
The only access to the old temple is across the woods.到那个古庙的唯一道路是穿过这片树林。
Students must have access to good books.
学生必须有机会读到好书。
They came to the entrance to the railway station.
他们来到火车站的进口处。
He has passed the school entrance examination.
他已经通过了入学考试。
句型转换
①Many divorced fathers are allowed by law to see their children only at weekends.
→ Many divorced fathers only their children at weekends.
②The only way of reaching the farmhouse is across the fields.
→ The only the farmhouse is across the fields.
【答案】 ①have access to ②access to
9．as well as不仅……而且……；既……也/又……；和……一样好
(教材P35)He believes that education as well as medical treatment is the key to stopping the disease in the future.
他相信，教育以及治疗是在未来消灭这一疾病的关键。
The girl is good at English as well as Spanish.
这个女孩儿既擅长西班牙语又擅长英语。
He doesn't speak English as well as his friends.
他英语说得不像他的朋友们那样好。
(1)as well as被看作复合介词，后接名词、代词、形容词、介词短语等；当后接动词时，多用-ing形式。as well as表示“除……之外”时，相当于besides，in addition to。
(2)as well as也可以是well的同级比较结构，表示“和……一样好”。
(3)as well as连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数应和as well as前的主语保持一致。
He as well as his students is going to visit the science museum.(＝Not only his students but also he is going to visit the science museum.)他和学生们将要去参观科学博物馆。
完成句子
①这孩子既健康又活泼。
The child is lively ．
②乔治和他兄弟一样都出国了。
George, as well as his brother, ．
③不仅他们愿意帮助你，我也愿意帮助你。
I as well as they ．
【答案】 ①as well as healthy ②has gone abroad
③am ready to help you
课件42张PPT。Unit 3 Protecting ourselvesSection Ⅱ Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points点击右图进入…Thank you for watching !Section Ⅲ Word power & Grammar and usage
1．(教材P38)First of all，Daniel should stay away from food containing a lot of sugar.
首先，丹尼尔应该远离那些含大量糖的食物。
(1)first of all 第一；首先；最重要(的是)
First of all，let me introduce myself to you.
首先，让我向你做自我介绍。
[明辨异同] first of all/first/at first/firstly
first of all
意为“第一；首先”，相当于first，常用于句首。
first
用作副词时，意为“第一；首先”，一般用于说明顺序。
at first
与at the beginning同义，意为“起初；起先”，主要是对应“后来(later)”而言的，常用于转折并列句的第一个分句前。
firstly
它只用于列举事实论点常与secondly/thirdly连用。
Work must come first.工作必须放在第一位。
At first，he didn't realize the importance of study.
起初，他没有意识到学习的重要性。
用first/at first/firstly/first of all填空
① I found English difficult.
②You must finish your work ．
③It was very hot ，but then it got cooler.
④When I met you，I thought you were a fine man.
⑤Let's see who gets there ．
⑥“Are you interested in Chinese？”“Yes，but I wasn't ．”
⑦ brush your teeth，secondly (second) wash your face.
⑧ ，you must answer my question.
【答案】 ①At first ②first ③at first ④first
⑤first ⑥at first ⑦Firstly/First ⑧First of all
(2)stay away from离开；不靠近；与……保持距离
Stay away from me.I've got a bad cold.
别靠近我，我患了重感冒。
Ask the children to stay away from the fire!
让孩子们远离火！
stay away 外出；缺席
get away from 摆脱；从……出发
take away from 夺走；抢走
keep away from 远离……；不让接近；使离开
break away from 脱离……
run away from 突然从……跑开
be away from 离开(表状态)
Her illness kept her away from work for several weeks.她病得好几周都上不了班。
He broke away from his father and ran into the fields.
他摆脱了他爸爸跑进了田地。
完成句子
我要你离我女儿远远的。
⑨I want you to my daughter.
【答案】 ⑨stay away from
2．get out of the habit of(＝kick the habit of＝break the habit of)戒掉……的习惯
(教材P38)He should also get out of the habit of having snacks late at night and keep away from soft drinks.他应该改掉晚上很晚还吃零食的习惯，而且应该远离软饮料。
He got out of the habit of smoking.
他戒掉了抽烟的坏习惯。
be in/fall into/get into/develop the habit of (doing)sth.有/养成(做)某事的习惯
have/be in the habit of 有……的习惯
out of habit 出于习惯
He has got into the habit of turning on the TV as soon as he got home.
他习惯了一回家就打开电视。
I only do it out of habit.
我这么做只是出于习惯。
完成句子
①我早上一到六点就醒，这习惯改不掉了。
I can't waking at six in the morning.
②我已养成一到家就打开电视机的习惯。
I've switching on the TV as soon as I get home.
③不要批评他了，他这么做完全是出于习惯。
Don't scold him. He did this totally ．
【答案】 ①get out of the habit of ②got into the habit of ③out of habit
3．used to do sth.过去常常做某事
(教材P38)He used to wake up early at the weekend and play football，but he no longer does.
他过去常常在周末早起踢足球，但是他现在不这样做了。
We used to swim in this river.
我们过去常常在这条河里游泳。
used to do的否定形式为didn't use to do 或 used not (usedn't) to do。
used to do的反义疑问句形式为didn't...？/
usedn't...?
be used to do/for doing...被用来做……
be used as...被用作……
be/get used to...习惯于……，to是介词。
I'm surprised to see you smoking；you didn't use to/used not to.看到你吸烟我很意外，你以前不吸的。
He used to express the same idea，didn't he？/usedn't he？他过去常表达同样的想法，难道不是吗？
Bamboo can be used to build houses.
竹子可以被用来造房子。
This piece of wood is used for making an art.
这块木头被用来做一件艺术品。
This ladder is used as a tool.
这架梯子被用作工具。
People here get used to getting up early.
这里的人们习惯于早起。
[明辨异同] used to/would
两者都可表示“过去常常”。
used to
表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在不再做或不再有那种状态。
would
表示过去的习惯动作，一般不表示状态，现在还有可能如此，也可能不再那样。
There used to be a temple here.过去这里有一座庙。
He would play basketball when he was young.
他年轻时经常打篮球。
用上述词语的适当形式填空
①I smoke，but I gave up two years ago.
②I getting up at six o'clock in the morning.
③The power of flowing water can produce electricity.
【答案】 ①used to ②am used to ③be used to
4．be short for是……的缩写/简称
(教材P39)Aids is the abbreviation of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome，and HIV is short for Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Aids是“获得性免疫缺陷综合征”的缩写形式，HIV是“人类免疫缺陷病毒”的简称。
Call me Jo—it's short for Joanna.
叫我乔好了——这是乔安娜的简称。
TV is short for television.TV是television的缩写。
for short 简称
in short 总之；简言之
in short run 从短期来看；眼下
in short supply 不充裕；缺乏；紧缺
be/go short of 缺少；不足
run short of 缺少；快用完
完成句子
①简言之，我对一切运动都感兴趣。
， I am interested in all of the sports.
②常用的“pub”一词是“public house”的简略形式。
The usual word “pub” “public house”．
【答案】 ①In short ②is short for
5．(教材P39)These phrases would be difficult to use if they were not abbreviated.
如果不缩写的话，这些短语将会很难用。
(1)【要点提炼】 本句为虚拟语气，在非真实条件句中，表示与现在事实相反的情况。
If I were you，I would go abroad.
如果我是你，我就出国。
If you did it，you would know it is interesting.
如果你做此事，你就会知道它是有趣的。
完成句子
①我要是过了六级考试，就请你去吃肯德基。
If I were to pass CET-6，I you to dinner at KFC.
②我要是有机会的话，我就会好好学习。
If ， I would study hard.
③我要是早就好好学习的话，那么我上个学期就通过六级考试了。
If I had studied hard，I CET-6 last semester.
【答案】 ①would treat ②I had the chance
③would have passed
(2)【要点提炼】 to use与主语these phrases之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系，相当于it is difficult to use these phrases，但be difficult之后接不定式的主动形式。
在此结构中形容词多表示主语性质、特征的形容词，如easy，difficult，hard，dangerous，expensive，heavy，important，possible，impossible，interesting，pleasant，nice，useful，strange，convenient等。不定式和句子主语是动宾关系，但用主动形式表被动含义。不定式有时会带上自己的逻辑主语(for sb.)。不定式中的动词若是不及物动词，其后要加相应的介词。
This math problem is difficult to work out .(不能说to be worked out)这个道数学题很难算出结果。
This kind of job is very easy for them to do.
这种工作对他们来说是很容易做的。
The chair is comfortable to sit on.
椅子坐起来很舒服。
The box is heavy to carry.
这盒子扛起来很重。
Some books are interesting to read，but boring to learn.
有些书读来有趣，但学起来叫人厌烦。
④这个问题很难回答。
The question is difficult ．
⑤我觉得这种车很好坐。
I found the car comfortable ．
⑥那就使得诗很难写。
That makes poetry difficult ．
【答案】 ④to answer ⑤to ride in ⑥to write
6．(教材P39)The abbreviations of Aids and HIV are different in that Aids is pronounced as one word：/eIdz/，while HIV is pronounced letter by letter：/?eIt∫aI'vi?/.
艾滋病和艾滋病病毒的缩写是不同的，因为艾滋病Aids发音成一个单词[eIdz]，然而艾滋病病毒HIV是按一个字母一个字母来发音的[?eIt∫aI'vi?]。
(1)while然而；但是(表示对比)
I am writing while he is reading a newspaper.
我在写作，而他在看报纸。
while 作为conj.还可表示：
(1)当……时候(指时间，从句动词为延续性动词)
(2)虽然；尽管(although)
They came to my house while I was watching TV.
我正在看电视时，他们来到了我家。
While I admit that there are problems，I don't agree that they cannot be solved.尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意说这些问题不能解决。
完成句子
①简穿褐色衣服，而玛丽却穿蓝色衣服。
Jane was dressed in brown ．
②过马路时，他被车撞倒了。
，he was knocked down by a car.
③彼得虽然有许多朋友，但常常感到孤独。
，Peter is often lonely.
【答案】 ①while Mary was dressed in blue
②While/When crossing the street
③While he has many friends
(2)letter by letter 一个字母一个字母地
①by前后使用同一名词，名词前不加任何冠词，意思是“一个接一个”，侧重指动作或情况的渐进变化。
②after前后使用同一名词，名词前不加任何冠词，表示“连续；接连不断”，侧重同一情况的不断重复。
year by year 年年；逐年
year after year 年复一年
step by step 一步步地
little by little 逐渐地
shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩
side by side 并排
day by day 一天一天
word by word 逐个字地
one by one 一个接一个地
完成句子
④所有的申请者一个接着一个参加面试。
All the applicants were interviewed ．
⑤他们并肩站着。
They were standing ．
⑥她每年给我寄一份圣诞卡。
She sent me a Christmas card ．
⑦物价年年上涨，但幅度不大。
Prices tended to rise ， but at a modest rate.
【答案】 ④one by one ⑤shoulder to shoulder ⑥year after year ⑦year by year
7．(教材P40)The beginning paragraph should attract readers and keep them interested in reading the text.开始的段落应该吸引读者，而且使他们保持对内容阅读的兴趣。
【要点提炼】 “keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语”表示“保持……”，宾语补足语为doing/done/adj./adv./prep.等。
I'm sorry to have kept you waiting for such a long time.
对不起，让您等了这么久。
He wants you to keep him informed of how things are going with you.
他想让你随时通知他你这里的进展情况。
You'd better keep the child away from the fire.
你最好让孩子离火远一点儿。
This coat will keep him warm.
这件外套可以让他暖和。
keep 还有系动词和不及物动词的词性，后面常接表语，意为“保持；继续”。
She knew she must keep calm.
她知道她必须保持冷静。
Will this meat keep until tomorrow?
这肉能放到明天吗？
完成句子
①他让我等了半个小时。
He for half an hour.
②少说话，多观察。
and your eyes open.
③他总是把书放得整整齐齐。
He always ．
【答案】 ①kept me waiting ②Keep your mouth shut ③keeps his books in good order
文章的结构
一篇文章应当以一种让读者易于理解其观点的方式进行写作。为了让文章的结构具有逻辑性，我们应当在文章中包括以下几点：
标题
标题不能过长，应当简明扼要，如：Aids Today。标题通常可以用一些短语，如：名词短语、动名词短语、不定式短语或简短的句子。其次，标题要有新意，但它表达的意思要简单明了，让读者很容易就能推测到文章的大意。
主题段落
这一段落应包含主题句(通常是第一句)。如课本中：When discussing the problem of Aids，we use a lot of technical and scientific terms on this website.但在有些情况下，主题段落根本不必要有主题句，这是因为这种段落往往解释一系列事情或对主旨进行详细描述。
主题段落应当吸引读者的注意力，让读者始终对阅读课文保持兴趣。我们可以通过列出一些有趣的事实，提出一些问题或给出一些细节来激发读者的兴趣，如课本中：In an African village，eleven-year-old Ajani hears a far-off scream as he washes his little sister in a bath that leaks water.
主体段落
一篇文章的正文部分一般由几个段落组成。每一段通常也包括三个部分：主题句、论据、甚至还包括一个结论。这个主题句同样可放在该段的首句或尾句，用来引出该段的话题或总结该段。附属句一定围绕主题句展开。结尾句通常是对该段的一个总结，但有时也用来衔接下文。
结论段落
这个段落是根据上面所有的陈述进行归纳总结，从而得出的一个较明确的结论。结论段落大多数情况下应当是最终的主题句(或是预测)，以起到首尾呼应的效果，使文章更紧凑。不过也可能是主题段落中提到的例子等，如课本中：Although Aids has left a scar on Ajani and his sister，they are lucky.Their grandfather is taking care of them，and because their mother had access to prescription Aids medications during pregnancy they did not get HIV from her.
课件45张PPT。Unit 3 Protecting ourselvesSection Ⅲ Word power & Grammar and usage点击右图进入…Thank you for watching !Section Ⅳ Task & Project
Ⅰ.从三个选项中选择最佳答案
1．Which is not the reason why people take drugs according to the passage？Because ．
A．they are curious about the drugs
B．they want to rebel against their families or society by taking drugs
C．they want to be accepted by all their friends
2．What is the common feature of the three main classes of drugs?
A．They can make people in high spirits.
B．They are all addictive，physically and psychologically.
C．They can decrease the heart rate.
3．Which of the following statements is true?
A．It is said that people take drugs for the same reason.
B．Downers can increase the heart rate.
C．Drug users need support groups.
【答案】 1.C 2.B 3.C
Ⅱ.判断正(T)误(F)
1．Mrs Tang felt better after she took a lot of pain pills when she had the flu.( )
2．Mrs Tang felt better after she took some antibiotics her husband gave her at first.( )
3．The doctor thinks antibiotics can cure one's flu.( )
【答案】 1.F 2.T 3.F
1．leave...doing让……继续做
(教材P42)Do not leave any medicine lying around in the house so that children can get it.
不要把药随处乱放，因为孩子们会拿到它。
Don't leave tools lying about.工具不要到处乱放。
I'll just leave the engine running when I go to have lunch.
我去吃午饭时，会让引擎转着。
leave 的复合结构的形式有：
leave＋n./pron.＋
Please leave the door open.
请让门开着。
She left her baby crying all the time.
她让孩子一直哭个不停。
完成句子
①我不能让这样一件重要的事半途而废。
I can't leave such an important matter ．
②不要让他一直在外面雨里等。
Don't outside in the rain.
③什么事使他离开了这么长时间？
What has for so long?
【答案】 ①undone/unfinished ②leave him waiting ③left him away
2．promote v. 促进，提倡；(通过广告等)促销，推销；提升，提拔
(教材P43)Several months later，Mrs Tang was promoted at work.
几个月后，Mrs Tang在工作上得到提拔。
Our nation is trying to attract more foreign investment to promote our national economy.
我国正在努力吸引更多外资来发展国民经济。
They are going on tour to promote their new album.他们将巡回宣传他们的新专辑。
(1)promote sb.from...to... 把某人从某职位提升至某职位
promote growth/understanding 促进增长/理解
(2)promotion n. 提升，提拔，晋升，促销
Her promotion to Sales Manager took everyone by surprise.
竟然提拔她当销售经理，叫每个人都感到意外。
The new job is a promotion for him.
这一新工作对他是一种提升。
完成句子
①小学生只要考试及格就会升到高年级。
Pupils who pass the test will the next higher grade.
②他从售货员晋升为销售经理。
He is promoted ．
【答案】 ①be promoted to ②from salesman to Sales Manager
3．(教材P43)He scolded Mrs Tang and warned her and her husband of the dangers of taking antibiotics when it was not necessary.
他责备唐夫人而且告诫她和她的丈夫在没必要服用抗生素时而服用了抗生素的危险。
(1)scold vt.责备；责骂
If I walk in with muddy boots，dad always scolds me.
我的靴子上要是有泥，一进屋爸爸总会骂我。
Did you scold her for breaking it?
她把那件东西打破了，你骂她了吗？
(1)scold sb.for 因……而责备某人
blame sb.for sth. 因……而责备某人
punish sb.for sth. 因……而惩罚某人
excuse sb.for sth. 宽恕(原谅)某人……
criticize sb.for sth. 因……而批评某人
(2)scolding n. 责备；数落
I got a scolding from my mother.
我挨了我妈妈一阵数落。
[明辨异同] scold/blame
scold
指很生气地责骂，强调“骂”。
blame
指归咎，归罪，侧重强调将(不好的)结果或责任归于某人。
完成句子
①他嫌他们迟到，训了他们一通。
He arriving late.
②她没把父亲的死归罪于任何一个人。
She doesn't her father's death.
【答案】 ①scolded them for ②blame anyone for
(2)warn vt.警告；告诫
The teacher warned that student against making any noise/not to make any noise.
老师警告那个学生不要发出吵闹声。
(1)warn sb.of/about sth.警告某人某事
(2)warn sb.against doing sth./warn sb.not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事
(3)warn＋that从句 意为“警告……”
Workers warn people of fire danger.
工人们警告人们火险。
They warned him against swimming in that part of the river.他们告诫他，不要在那一带河里游泳。
She was warned that if she did it again she would lose the job.她被警告如果她再这样做就会丢掉工作。
完成句子
③到非洲去旅行的人被提醒要注意预防艾滋病的感染。
Travellers to Africa the danger of HIV infection.
④我告诫你不要一个人走回家。
I walk home alone.
【答案】 ③are warned about/of ④warned you not to/that you shouldn't
4．addict vt.使沉迷；使上瘾n.吸毒上瘾的人；对……着迷的人
(教材P46)As smokers may tell you，people can become easily addicted to nicotine...正如许多吸烟者可能告诉你的那样，人们容易对尼古丁上瘾……
Tom is a video game addict.汤姆是个游戏机迷。
(1)be addicted to doing sth.专心做某事
addict oneself to sth. 沉溺于某事物
(2)addicted adj. 上瘾的；有瘾的；成瘾的
be/become/get addicted to sth. 对……上瘾；沉溺于某事物
(3)addictive adj. 使上瘾的；使人入迷的
(4)addiction n. 瘾；嗜好；入迷
Many students are addicted to computer games.
许多学生迷恋于计算机游戏。
Don't addict yourself to such foolish things.
不要沉溺于这些愚蠢的事情。
Heroin is highly addictive.
海洛因很容易使人上瘾。
用addicted的相关词语完成下列小片段
While his wife was in hospital in the United States, he ① totally alcohol, and his son ② computer games.③ computer games，his son has lost interest in his lessons，which makes his wife very angry.
他妻子在美国住院期间，他对酒完全上了瘾，而且他的儿子迷上了电脑游戏。由于迷恋于电脑游戏，他的儿子对功课失去了兴趣，这使他的妻子非常生气。
【答案】 ①got; addicted to ②addicted himself to ③Addicted to
5．(教材P46)As smokers may tell you，people can become easily addicted to nicotine，which is why they have trouble quitting smoking.
正如许多吸烟者可能告诉你的那样，人们容易对尼古丁上瘾，这就是他们很难戒烟的原因。
【要点提炼】 本句是一个复杂的主从复合句。as 引导的是非限制性定语从句，指代主句people can become easily addicted to nicotine表达的整个内容，as 为关系代词在从句中充当tell 的宾语，as 不可换成which；后面which引导的也是非限制性定语从句，指代主句people can become easily addicted to nicotine表达的整个内容，which为关系代词在从句中充当主语，which此时不可换成as; 在which从句中，why引导的是表语从句，why 为副词，在从句中充当原因状语。
As everyone knows，the earth is round.
正如人人都知道的，地球是圆的。
As is known to everyone，he is an honest man.人人都知道，他是个诚实的人。
(1)as 引导非限制性定语从句时，as用来说明整个主句，含义是：“正如……；像……”，也可以相当于which，含义是：“这一点……”，从句可放在句首、句中或句末。as可作主语、宾语和表语。which引导非限制性定语从句时也可代表整个主句，含义是：“这一点……”，从句只能放在主句之后，起补充说明作用。
(2)as作为关系代词，可引导限制性定语从句，as 在从句中可作主语、宾语和表语。as 引导限制性定语从句时，先行词常被such，the same，as，so所修饰或先行词本身就是such，the same。
She got married to the foreigner，which/as was natural.
她嫁给了那个外国人，这好像是最自然不过的事。
As is often the case，the boy was late for school.
和平常一样，这个男孩子又迟到了。
Don't read such books as you can't understand.
(as作宾语)不要阅读这种你根本就看不懂的书。
She is not such a selfish person as thinks of herself.(as作主语)她并不是像自己认为的那样自私。
Her opinion is the same as her brother's.(as作表语)她的观点和她哥哥的一样。
完成句子
①这本小说很容易，你能读得懂。
This is such an easy novel .
②众所周知，月球每个月绕地球转一周。
， the moon travels round the earth once every month.
【答案】 ①as you can read ②As is known to everybody
6．(教材P46)Alcohol is also classified as a downer，and although it is legal，it can damage the liver and do great harm if consumed in large quantities．
酒精也被归类为镇静剂，尽管它是合法的，但它会损害肝脏，如果大量饮用会产生巨大的危害。
(1)classify sb./sth.as...划分；界定
Would you classify it as a hard drug or a soft drug?
你会把它界定为致瘾毒品还是非致瘾毒品？
Patients are classified into three categories.
病人被归类为三种类型。
完成句子
①你认为她的小说属于纯文学类，还是其他类？
Would you serious literature or other?
②博物馆的收藏品分为六个部分。
The collections of the museum 6 sections.
【答案】 ①classify her novels as ②are classified into
(2)do harm(to sb./sth.)对……有害处
Modern farming methods have done considerable harm to the countryside.
现代耕作方式对乡村造成了很大的损害。
(1)come to harm 遭到不幸，受害
do more harm than good 弊大于利
(2)harmful adj. 有害的
be harmful to sb./sth. 对……有害
Fruit juices can be harmful to children's teeth.
果汁可能损坏儿童的牙齿。
完成句子
③如果使用不当，核能会对人的健康和安全造成危害。
Nuclear power will our health and safety if improperly used.
④过量喝酒对你的身体有害。
It your health to drink too much.
【答案】 ③do harm to ④is harmful to
(3)in large quantities(＝in large numbers)大量地
This kind of products is produced in large quantities.这种产品被大批量生产。
a large quantity of表示“大量的”，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，接可数名词复数时，谓语动词用复数，接不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数；large quantities of表示“很多”，后面无论接可数或不可数名词，谓语动词都用复数。
A large quantity of bananas were eaten by elephants.大量的香蕉都被大象吃掉了。
A large quantity of water is polluted.
＝Large quantities of water are polluted.
大量的水被污染了。
用所给词的适当形式填空
⑤A large quantity of tools (be) sold in the market yesterday.
⑥Large quantities of rain (be) needed in this area.
【答案】 ⑤were ⑥are
7．(教材P47)An example of this type of drugs is LSD，which produces reactions ranging from increased heart rate to acute anxiety.
这种毒品的一个例子就是迷幻药，它会使心跳加速到急剧焦虑等一系列反应。
(1)reaction n．反应；回应
What was his reaction to the news?
他对这消息反应如何？
There has been a mixed reaction to her appointment as director.
对她被任命为主管一事，人们的反应各不相同。
(1)in reaction to 对……的反应
reaction against 抗拒；对……反抗
(2)react v. 起反应(to)；有影响；起作用(on/upon)
react to 对……起反应；对(食物等)有不良反应
react against sb./sth. 反抗、对抗某人/某事
react with 与……起化学反应
How do you react to this modern artist's paintings?
你对这位现代艺术家的画有何评价？
The government decided to react against the protesters.
政府决心对抗那些示威者。
完成句子
①人们对某些食品添加剂会严重过敏。
People can certain food additives.
②铁与水和空气起化学反应而生锈。
Iron water and air to produce rust.
【答案】 ①react badly to ②reacts to
(2)range from...to...范围从……到……
Tiger sharks commonly range in length from nine to fourteen feet.
虎鲨体长通常从9到14英尺不等。
(1)range between...and... 在……和……之间变化
range＋宾语＋adv./prep. 排列；把……排序
(2)range n. 范围v.排列；排序
in/within range (of sth.) 在……可及的范围内
out of range (of sth.) 超出……的范围；在……范围之外
She ranged the goods neatly in the shop window.
她把橱窗的货物整齐地进行了排列。
He shouted angrily at anyone within range.
他看见谁，就对谁吼叫。
The cat stayed well out of range of the children.
这只猫离孩子们远远的。
用range的相关词语完成下列小片段
The supermarket keeps ③ goods.Their prices ④ just only a few yuan several hundred yuan.According to their varieties，the shop assistants ⑤ them neatly on the shelves.
这家超市有种类繁多的商品。它们的价格从几元到几百元不等。根据它们的种类，售货员们把它们整齐地排列在不同的货架上。
【答案】 ③a wide range of ④range from; to ⑤range
8．determine vt.决定；断定；测定(后接名词、to do或从句)
(教材P47)The type and quantity of illegal drugs a person is carrying when caught by police determine the punishment.
一个人被警察抓获时所携带的非法毒品的种类和数量决定了对他惩罚的轻重。
Please determine the date of having a meeting.
请决定开会的日期。
(1)determine on/upon doing sth.决定做某事
determine to do sth. 决定做某事
determine sb.to do sth. 使某人下决心做某事
determine＋that... 决定……
(2)determined adj. 决意的；已决定的
be determined to do sth. 下决心做某事
He is determined to travel in China.
他决定在中国旅游。
He has a determined look.
他有着坚定的表情。
[名师点津]
determine to do sth.与be determined to do sth.意思基本一样，所不同的是，前者是短暂性的动作，不能与时间段连用；后者是延续性的状态，可与时间段连用。
He determined to do it for a long time.(×)
He was determined to do it for a long time.(√)
完成句子
①What (使你决定接受)the offer?
②The court (判决)the man was guilty of drunken driving.
【答案】 ①determined you to accept
②determined that
9．(教材P47)The easiest way to avoid the health problems and hardships caused by illegal drugs is not to use them in the first place．
最简单的避免健康问题和戒毒痛苦的方式就是一开始就不要使用非法毒品。
(1)way n．方式；方法
We had no way
我们没法知道他在哪里。
This is the way (in which/that) he did it.
这就是他做事的方式。
the way
in the way 挡道；碍事；阻碍
by the way 顺便说一声
in this/that way 以这种/那种方式
in no way 绝不
on one's way to... 在去某地的路上
[明辨异同] way/method/means/manner
以上四个词均可表示“方式、方法”，主要区别在介词搭配上。
way
和manner均与in搭配，且二者常可互换，只是manner比way正式些。
method
意为“干某事的方法、方式”，侧重于理论或系统的方法，多与with、of搭配，如：with this method。
means
单复数同形，指任何用来达到目的东西，可指系统地办事的方法或解决问题的思路。与by搭配，构成by...means短语。
选词填空(way/method/means)
①New of production were employed a few years ago.
②Only in this can we shake off their evil influence.
③They succeeded by of hard working.
【答案】 ①methods ②way ③means
(2)in the first place究竟，到底，当初(用于句尾，谈论某事为何或是否应该做)；首先，第一(用于句首，列举)
I can't go abroad.In the first place，I have no money；in the second place，I will be homesick.
我不会出国的。首先，我没钱；其次，我会思乡的。
You shouldn't have promised her in the first place.你起初就不应该向她承诺。
(1)表示“首先；第一”的词语：
first，firstly，first of all，to begin with，at first，in the first place
(2)表示列举不同事项的短语：
in the first place...，in the second place...；for one thing...，for another...；on the one hand...，on the other(hand)．..
First of all，we should stay away from food containing a lot of fat.
首先，我们应该远离那些含有大量脂肪的食物。
This method has two advantages：first it is cheaper and second it is quicker.
这个方法有两个优点：一是便宜，二是较快。
完成句子
④在这个假期，我不会去旅游。第一，我没有时间；第二，我没有兴趣。
I won't go to travel this holiday. ，I have no time；in the second place，I have no interest.
⑤起初，她没理解老师说的话。
，she didn't understand what the teacher said.
【答案】 ④In the first place ⑤At first
倡议书的写法
本单元的写作是有关倡议书的写法。写倡议书的目的是提倡开展某项有意义的活动或推行某种行之有效的做法。倡议书中所倡导进行的活动应具有广泛性和推广意义。
倡议书通常包含以下内容：
1．Introduction发出倡议的根据、原因和目的
State the problem and how serious the problem is.
In brief，what solution do you propose?
2．Body所倡议的具体内容和要求
What do you want to be done?
How should it be done?
What things or people are needed?
When?
How much will it cost?
3．Conclusion要表达倡议者的决心和希望
Benefits—How will the proposal help the person reading the letter?
Calls for action—What do you want the reader to do?
写倡议书时，尽量使用具有鼓动性和感召力的语言，如名人名言、格言、警句以及对偶、排比等句式，以提高语言的表达效果。
假如今天是6月26日，国际戒毒日。请你以“珍爱生命，拒绝毒品”为主题，根据下面所给出的要点提示，用英语给全校学生写一封倡议书。
1．目前现状：我国吸毒人数有100多万，而且呈上升趋势，而青少年占大多数。
2．毒品危害：毒品成为社会公害。人一旦染上毒瘾，就很难戒掉。为此，有的人倾家荡产，有的人违法犯罪。
3．提出倡议：为了自己、家人和社会，珍爱生命，拒绝毒品，为禁毒事业尽一份义务，共创美好生活。
根据以上内容，写一篇100词左右的文章。
要求：语言通畅，不要逐句翻译。
Dear fellow students，
第1步
思路——分析透彻是前提
本文是一篇关于抵制毒品的倡议书，可以从以下几个方面入手：首先说明节日的内容，然后交代吸毒的危害，最后发出对同学们的倡导。
第2步
词汇——必用词汇是关键
1.期望
2．对……上瘾
3．戒掉……
4．财产
5．犯罪
6．远离
7．为了……的利益
8．努力做……
【答案】 1.expect 2.be addicted to 3.get rid of
4．possessions 5.commit crime 6.stay away from
7．for the benefit of 8.spare no effort to do
第3步
句式——熟练翻译是根本
1.这是一个全球应共同努力抵制毒品的日子。
all nations are expected to work together to fight against drug abuse.
2．据报道中国有100多万人吸毒，而且呈上升趋势。
one million people in China take illegal drugs and the number is still increasing.
3．人一旦染上毒瘾，就很难戒掉。
to drugs， for you to get rid of them.
4．我们也应该远离毒品，珍爱生命。
We should also drugs and our own lives.
【答案】 1.It is a day when 2.It is reported that over
3．Once addicted；it's difficult 4.stay away from；value
第4步
成文——连句成篇是目的
【参考范文】
Dear fellow students，
Today is 26th June，the International Day against Drug Abuse .All nations are expected to work together to fight against drug abuse.It is reported that over one million people in China take illegal drugs and the number is still increasing.Worse still，a large number of them are teenagers.Once addicted to drugs，it's difficult for you to get rid of them.Many drug takers lose their possessions or families in order to obtain drugs.Some even commit crime and end up in prison.
As high school students，we should try to help those who need help.We should also stay away from drugs and value our own lives.For the benefit of ourselves，our families and the whole society，let's start right now and spare no effort to make our life better!
课件71张PPT。Unit 3 Protecting ourselvesSection Ⅳ Task & Project× √ 点击右图进入…Thank you for watching !核心要点回扣
Ⅰ.重点单词
根据词性和汉语提示写出下列单词及派生词
1． vt.& vi.(给……)洗澡；沐浴→ n．澡盆；沐浴
2． adj.突然的；意外的；粗鲁的→ adv.突然地；意外地
3． v．防止；预防→ n．防止；预防
4． vi.& vt.(使)结束；下结论→ n．结论；决定
5． vi.& vt.歧视；区别→ n．辨别；区别
6． n．加；追加→ adj.额外的
7． v．(对……)产生反应；回应→ n．生理反应，副作用；回应
8． n．食欲，胃口；强烈欲望→ adj.促进食欲的
9． adj.虚假的；人造的→ n．人工制造；人为
10． adj.下降的；向下的adv.向下→ adj.向上的
【答案】 1.bathe；bath 2.abrupt；abruptly
3．prevent；prevention 4.conclude；conclusion
5．discriminate；discrimination 6.addition；additional 7.react；reaction 8.appetite；appetizing
9．artificial；artificiality 10.downward；upward
Ⅱ.重点短语
1． 突然出现
2． 对……熟悉
3． 第一；首先；最重要(的是)
4． 离开；不靠近
5． 戒掉……的习惯
6． be short for
7． wipe away
8． have trouble(in)doing sth.
9． refer to...as
10． range from...to...
【答案】 1.burst on the scene 2.be familiar with 3.first of all 4.stay away from 5.get out of the habit of 6.是……的缩写 7.消除；去除 8.做某事有麻烦 9.把……称为…… 10.范围从……到……
Ⅲ.重点句式
根据所给提示补全下列教材原句
1．HIV is spreading across the world at a high rate， (每天大约有7 000人感染这种病毒)．
2．The work of international organizations is even more important (那时你会考虑到这种情况变得有多么糟)．
3． (尽管) most people are familiar with Aids and how it is spread，many people think that HIV and Aids are an African problem，because there are so many HIV and Aids victims in Africa.
4．The beginning paragraph should attract readers and (使他们对阅读……感兴趣) the text.
5．Do not (把任何药物放到) around in the house so that children can get it.
【答案】 1.with about 7，000 people catching the virus daily 2.when you consider how much more severe the situation could become 3.Although
4．keep them interested in reading 5.leave any medicine lying
课件9张PPT。Unit 3 Protecting ourselves单元尾 核心要点回扣Thank you for watching !课时分层作业(七)
[语言知识练习固基础]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．When I came in，mother is (给……洗澡)the baby.
2．Their friendship came to an (突然的)end.
3．We all (流泪)when hearing the bad news.
4．Getting fit is at the top of my (日常工作事项)．
5．Two people were (出价)against each other for the mirror.
6．The doctor gave him a (处方)for his headache.
7．The study is working towards the (预防)of cancer.
8．He kept (打喷嚏)for his flu.
9．The police charged him with possession of a (致命的)weapon.
10．Mark showed no (表面上的)signs of distress.
【答案】 1.bathing 2.abrupt 3.wept 4.agenda
5．bidding 6.prescription 7.prevention
8．sneezing 9.deadly 10.outward
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The countryside was bathed brilliant sunshine.
2．Tom's parents try to cure him his bad habits.
3．The strike has already spread other factories.
4．With winter (come), it's time to buy warm clothes.
5．I will go on with my work unless I get the order the contrary.
6．He has devoted his life to (help) blind people.
7．I feel it is you as well as your wife that (be) to blame for your son's bad performance at school.
8．The name you just mentioned sounds familiar me.
9．We're moved by his (devote) to his students.
10．I don't know to pronounce this word.
【答案】 1.in 2.of 3.to 4.coming 5.to
6．helping 7.are 8.to 9.devotion 10.how
[高考题型练习提能力]
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
My color television has given me nothing but a headache.I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of a lot of clothes that wouldn't fit.I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model.I realized this a day later，when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy-five dollars less than I had paid.The set worked so beautifully when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed off for the night.Fortunately，I didn't get any channels showing all-night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.
Then I started developing a problem with the set that involved static(静电)noise.For some reason，when certain shows switched into a commercial，a loud noise would sound for a few seconds.Gradually，this noise began to appear during a show，and to get rid of it，I had to change to another channel and then change it back.Sometimes this technique would not work，and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound.I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉)shaking my set.
When neither of these methods removed the static noise，I would sit helplessly and wait for the noise to go away.At last I ended up hitting the set with my fist，and it stopped working altogether.My trip to the repair shop cost me $62，and the set is working well now，but I keep expecting more trouble.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者认为自己在售货员的欺骗下，购买了一台电视机，因为这种型号的电视机已停止生产，而且作者还多花了钱。不仅如此，作者在看节目的时候，电视还出现了静电噪音。文章着重描写了作者采取各种措施来消除这种噪音，比如换台、摇晃电视机等。最后作者花了很多钱修好了电视机。
1．Why did the author say he was fooled into buying the TV set?
A．He got an older model than he had expected.
B．He couldn't return it when it was broken.
C．He could have bought it at a lower price.
D．He failed to find any movie shows on it.
【解析】 细节理解题。A项“他购买的型号比自己所期望的要老”与文章第一段第三句话“我被售货员欺骗购买了一个已经停产的型号”有出入，可排除；B项“当电视坏了的时候，他不能退还”在文中没有提到；D项“他在这台电视上找不到任何电影”与第一段最后一句“幸运的是，我没有那种播放整夜电影的频道，否则一宿都不能睡觉了”信息不一致。根据第一段中的at seventy-five dollars less than I had paid(比我所付的钱少75美元)可知C项“他本可以以更低的价格买这台电视”正确。
【答案】 C
2．Which of the following can best replace the phrase“signed off” in Paragraph 1?
A．ended all their programs
B．provided fewer channels
C．changed to commercials
D．showed all-night movies
【解析】 词义猜测题。该短语前的I would keep it on说明作者非常喜欢看电视，一直看到电视台停止播放节目为止，故A项“结束所有的节目”与短语sign off“结束广播/电视节目”意义相近，为正确答案。B项“提供更少的频道”，C项“更换成广告”，D项“播放通宵电影”，均不符合此处语境。
【答案】 A
3．How did the author finally get his TV set working again?
A．By shaking and hitting it.
B．By turning it on and off.
C．By switching channels.
D．By having it repaired.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第二、三段的描述可知，当出现静电噪音并影响作者看节目的时候，作者采取了换台的方法，但是有时不起作用，排除C项；然后作者又采取了“举起来摇晃电视”及“用拳头击打”的方法，后来这一招也失效了，排除A项；B项“不断地开关电视”在文章中没有提到。再根据文章最后一句话My trip to the repair shop cost me $62，and the set is working well now...可知作者最后只好花钱修理电视，且到目前为止电视还没有再出现什么问题，故选D项。
【答案】 D
4．How does the author sound when telling the story?
A．Curious. B．Anxious.
C．Cautious. D．Humorous.
【解析】 推理判断题。这是一道判断作者讲述口吻的试题。文章第一段中的Fortunately，I didn't get any channels showing all-night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.和第二段中当作者不断地摇晃电视来消除静电噪音的时候，他说I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉)．..(我居然开始练出胳膊肌肉……)等，体现了作者幽默的写作手法。curious好奇的；anxious焦虑的；cautious小心的。
【答案】 D
B
The baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital.She is quiet but alert (警觉)．Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it.She stares at it carefully.A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another，this time with the spots differently spaced.As the cards change from one to the other，her gaze(凝视) starts to lose its focus—until a third，with three black spots，is presented.Her gaze returns: she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card.Can she tell that the number two is different from three，just 24 hours after coming into the world?
Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment，but with three spots shown before two，shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes.Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects (a comb，a key，an orange and so on)，changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves.Could it be the pattern that two things make，as opposed to three? No again.Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three，or three to two.The effect even crosses between senses.Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two; likewise(同样地) when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究人员通过一些卡片上黑点的数量来检验婴儿对于数量变化的敏感程度，发现当数量相对多的时候，比较容易引起婴儿的注意，使他们变得更加兴奋。
5．The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the baby's ．
A．sense of hearing B．sense of sight
C．sense of touch D．sense of smell
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的She stares at it carefully.“婴儿认真地盯着看”可知，研究人员研究的是孩子的视觉。A项指“听觉”；C项指“触觉”；D项指“嗅觉”，这与原文中的stares反映的信息不一致。
【答案】 B
6．Babies are sensitive to the change in ．
A．the size of cards
B．the colour of pictures
C．the shape of patterns
D．the number of objects
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的As the cards change from one to the other，her gaze(凝视)starts to lose its focus—until a third，with three black spots，is presented.Her gaze returns...可知，随着卡片上黑点数量的变化，婴儿的注视也发生变化，表明了婴儿对于数量的变化比较敏感。A项size指卡片的大小；B项指图画的颜色；C项指结构的形状，这些与原文的信息不一致。
【答案】 D
7．Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?
A．To reduce the difficulty of the experiment.
B．To see how babies recognize sounds.
C．To carry their experiment further.
D．To keep the babies' interest.
【解析】 细节理解题。第二段中研究人员先是通过卡片上的黑点来测验婴儿对于数量的变化的敏感程度；根据第二段中的The effect even crosses between senses...three drumbeats than when they heard just two；likewise(同样地)when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.可知，研究人员又做了击鼓的实验，这样做的目的是更加深入地研究婴儿对于数量变化的敏感程度，故选C。A项“减少实验的难度”；B项“看看婴儿怎样辨别声音”；D项“保持婴儿的兴趣”，在文中均找不到支持信息。
【答案】 C
8．Where does this text probably come from?
A．Science fiction. B．Children's literature.
C．An advertisement. D．A science report.
【解析】 文章出处题。本文提到了experiment和researchers等，可知是一些研究人员做了一个实验，来检验婴儿们对于数量的变化是不是敏感，所以本文属于一个科学研究报告，因此选D。A项表示“科幻小说”；B项表示“儿童文学”；C项表示“一则广告”，均与本文的内容不符。
【答案】 D
Ⅳ.翻译句子
1．在两个人的搀扶下，老人走进房间。(with的复合结构)
2．别人在工作时，请别高声谈话。(when)
3．虽然雨下得很大，但他们还是继续踢足球。(though)
4．没有人能治好他的病。(cure)
5．所有的孩子都很熟悉这个故事。(familiar)
【答案】 1.The old man came into the room with 2 men supporting him.
2．Please don't talk so loud when others are working.
3．Though it was raining hard，yet they went on playing football.
4．Nobody can cure him of his disease.
5．All the children are familiar with the story.
Ⅴ.语法填空
John Allen, 1. American scientist once said, “The Internet is the world's largest library, but all the books in it are on the floor！” What he meant
2. (be) that the Internet is full of information but it can be difficult to find 3. you really need. The Internet has another 4. (advantage).
Anyone can create a website, so you can find websites about whatever you can imagine. Unfortunately, a lot of what 5. (write) on them isn't always true!
At the same time, the Internet provides many other things. On some websites, you can download music and films. They are usually very cheap and some are even free. On some other websites, you can connect with people 6. all over the world. And there are some great online shops, too. For example, on eBay, people sell 7. (use) clothes, CDs and even cars at very low prices.
It is true that the Internet 8. (change) the way we work and communicate. But we shouldn't depend on 9. too much. Some people are also afraid that surfing the Internet has taken the place of other healthier activities, 10. (especial) for young people. Whether you love it or hate it, though, you'd better get used to it because it's right here to stay.
【答案】 1.an 2.is 3.what 4.disadvantage
5．is written 6.from 7.used 8.has changed
9．it 10.especially
课时分层作业(八)
[语言知识练习固基础]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The report (推断出)that the news was not true.
2．They (歧视)against him because of his nationality.
3．The new factory will create an (额外的)400 jobs.
4．She shrugged her shoulders and made no (答复)．
5．The letter (包含)important information about the affair.
6．You'd better (停止)the action.
7．They couldn't (避免)being drawn into the argument.
8．Education is a powerful (武器)we can use to fight Aids.
9．When discussing the disease of Aids，they used a lot of technical and scientific (术语)．
10．In this way，students will learn how the Aids (传播)．
【答案】 1.concluded 2.discriminate 3.additional
4．reply 5.contained 6.quit 7.avoid 8.weapon
9．terms 10.spreads
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The doctor told him to stay away fat food.
2．You'd better not get into the habit of (drink)．
3．You will soon get used to (type) on electric typewriters.
4．WTO is short World Trade Organization.
5．It is difficult (decide) between the two opinions.
6．I didn't eat the fish that the smell put me off.
7．The son was having a good meal at home, the parents were working in the fields.
8．The two boys play side side all afternoon.
9．It was very thoughtless of you to keep her (wait) so long.
10．It was the time of break and students came out of classroom one another.
【答案】 1.from 2.drinking 3.typing 4.for
5．to decide 6.in 7.while 8.by 9.waiting 10.after
[高考题型练习提能力]
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Lakelander·2 hours ago
Today，a man talked very loud on his phone on a train between Malvern and Reading，making many passengers upset.I wonder how he would react if I were to read my newspaper out loud on the train.I have never had the courage to do it，though.
Pak50·57 minutes ago
Why not give it a try？Perhaps you should take lessons on a musical instrument.The late musician Dennis Brain is said to have asked a fellow train passenger to turn off his radio.When his request was refused，he took out his French horn(号)and started to practise.
Angie O'Edema·42 minutes ago
I don't see how musical instruments can help improve manners in public.Don't do to others what you wouldn't like to be done to yourself.Once，a passenger next to me talked out loud on his mobile phone.I left my seat quietly，giving him some privacy to finish his conversation.He realised this and apologized to me.When his phone rang again later，he left his seat to answer it.You see，a bit of respect and cooperation can do the job better.
Taodas·29 minutes ago
I did read my newspaper out loud on a train，and it turned out well.The guy took it in good part，and we chatted happily all the way to Edinburgh.
Sophie76·13 minutes ago
I have not tried reading my newspaper out loud on a train，but，several years ago，I read some chapters from Harry Potter to my bored and noisy children.Several passengers seemed to appreciate what I did.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。Lakelander针对一个人在火车上用手机通话时声音太大的行为发帖，大家开始讨论。让我们看一下跟帖者对此的不同观点吧。
1．The passenger made an apology to Angie O'Edema because ．
A．he offered his seat to someone else
B．he spoke very loudly on his phone
C．he refused to talk with Angie
D．he ignored Angie's request
【解析】 细节理解题。根据Once，a passenger next to me talked out loud on his mobile phone.可知，那位乘客向Angie O'Edema道歉的原因是他在车上用手机通话时声音太大。
【答案】 C
2．Who once read a newspaper out loud on a train?
A．Pak50. B．Angie O'Edema.
C．Taodas. D．Sophie76.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据Taodas跟帖内容中的I did read my newspaper out loud on a train...可知，在火车上曾经大声读报纸的应该是Taodas。
【答案】 C
3．What is the discussion mainly about?
A．How to react to bad behavior.
B．How to kill time on a train.
C．How to chat with strangers.
D．How to make a phone call.
【解析】 主旨大意题。本文针对一个人在火车上用手机通话时声音太大的行为展开讨论，主要讨论面对不良行为人们应该做出什么反应。bad behavior与talked very loud对应，Lakelander发帖中的react在A项中再次出现。
【答案】 A
4．Where is the passage most probably taken from?
A．A webpage. B．A newspaper.
C．A novel. D．A report.
【解析】 推理判断题。从全文的风格，尤其是每个帖子中的时间提示部分，可以看出本文最可能摘自网页。
【答案】 A
Ⅳ.完形填空
One fine afternoon I was walking along the Fifth Avenue, when I remembered that it was necessary to buy a pair of socks.I 1 the first sock shop that caught my eye, and 2 not more than 17, came forward. “What can I do for you, sir？” “I wish to 3 a pair of socks.” 4 glowed. “Did you know that you had come into 5 in the world to buy socks？” I had not been 6 that, as my entrance had been accidental. “Come with me，”said the boy happily. He began to 7 down from the shelves box after box.
“ 8 ， boy, I'm going to buy only one pair！” “I know that, but I want you to see how beautiful these are. Aren't they wonderful？” There was 9 an expression of joy, 10 he were revealing(透露) to me the 11 of his religion. I became far more interested in him than in the socks.“My friend，”said I, “if this is 12 the enthusiasm from freshness, and you can keep it up 13 ， in ten years you'll own every sock in the United States. ”
My amazement at his pride in 14 will be understood by all who read this article. In many shops the customer has to wait for someone to 15 him.When 16 some clerk does notice you, you are made to feel as if you were interrupting him. 17 possibly that very clerk who is now so 18 began his career with enthusiasm.The freshness 19 ； He became a mechanical salesman.
I've observed such change in the lives of so many men in so many occupations that I've come to the 20 that the fastest road to failure is to do things mechanically.
【语篇解读】 文章讲述作者在一家袜店的经历，对于男职员的工作热情作者感到很惊讶，也感慨很多现在冷漠的售货员，也许当初也是充满热情的，就是机械地应付差事才导致后来的结果。
1．A.turned into B．broke into
C．came across D．met with
【解析】 考查动词短语。turn into变成，拐进；break into闯入；come across遇上；meet with遇到，“我”拐进看到的第一家袜店。
【答案】 A
2．A.a female clerk B．a boy clerk
C．a girl clerk D．an old man
【解析】 考查上下文串联。从后面的said the boy happily可知选B。a boy clerk男职员。
【答案】 B
3．A.buy B．find
C．see D．have
【解析】 考查动词。 buy买；find 发现；see看见；have有，“我”想买双短袜。
【答案】 A
4．A.His face B．The room
C．His eyes D．The fire
【解析】 考查名词。His face他的脸；The room房间；His eyes他的眼睛；The fire火。句意：他双眸满是热情。
【答案】 C
5．A.the worst B．the right place
C．the wrong D．the best place
【解析】 考查名词短语。the worst最糟糕；the right place恰当的地方；the wrong错的；the best place最好的地方，您知道您来到了世界上最好的袜店吗？
【答案】 D
6．A.curious about B．aware of
C．sensitive to D．attached to
【解析】 考查形容词短语。curious about对……好奇；aware of意识到；sensitive to 敏感； attached to附上。句意：我倒并未意识到这点，我不过是随便进来的。
【答案】 B
7．A.push B．force
C．look D．drag
【解析】 考查动词。push推；force强迫；look看；drag拖，拉。句意：他开始从货架上拽下一个又一个盒子。
【答案】 D
8．A.Hold up B．Just you wait
C．Hold on D．Hang up
【解析】 考查动词短语。Hold up举起，耽搁；Just you wait等着瞧吧；Hold on别挂断，等一等；Hang up挂断。句意停一停，孩子，我只买一双！
【答案】 C
9．A.on his face B．to my surprise
C．for some reason D．to some degree
【解析】 考查介词短语。on his face在他的脸上；to my surprise使我惊讶的是；for some reason因为某些原因；to some degree到某个程度。他的脸上有高兴的表情。
【答案】 A
10．A.when B．as if
C．even if D．while
【解析】 考查连词。when当……时候；as if好像；even if即使；while当……时候，就像是在向“我”透露他的信仰中的奥秘似的。
【答案】 B
11．A.beliefs B．stories
C．values D．mysteries
【解析】 考查名词。belief相信； story故事；value价值；mystery神秘。句意：就像是在向“我”透露他的信仰中的奥秘似的。
【答案】 D
12．A.hardly B．only
C．no more than D．not merely
【解析】 考查副词。hardly几乎不；only只有；no more than仅仅；not merely不仅仅。如果这只是新鲜感产生的热情。
【答案】 B
13．A.day after day B．day by day
C．the other day D．to this day
【解析】 考查名词短语。day after day日复一日；day by day逐日；the other day几天前；to this day直到今天。句意：如果你能日复一日地保持这种热心和激情。
【答案】 A
14．A.passion B．salesmanship
C．enthusiasm D．job
【解析】 考查名词。passion热情；salesmanship销售；enthusiasm热情；job工作。“我”对他推销时的自豪所感到的诧异，读者应当不难理解。
【答案】 B
15．A.serve on B．care for
C．wait upon D．deal with
【解析】 考查动词短语。serve on在……任职；care for喜欢，照顾；wait upon侍候；deal with处置。顾客不得不等待有人来招呼。
【答案】 C
16．A.accidentally B．occasionally
C．finally D．disrespectfully
【解析】 考查副词。accidentally偶然地；occasionally偶然地；finally最后地；disrespectfully不值得尊敬地。当终于有个售货员肯屈尊理你。
【答案】 C
17．A.Yet B．So
C．Then D．For
【解析】 考查副词。Yet然而；So因此；Then然后；For因此。然而，就是这样一个如此冷漠的售货员。
【答案】 A
18．A.enthusiastic B．unconcerned
C．different D．responsible
【解析】 考查形容词。enthusiastic热情的；unconcerned冷漠的；different不同的； responsible负责的。句意：然而，就是这样一个如此冷漠的售货员， 或许当初也是满怀希望和热情开始工作的。
【答案】 B
19．A.wore of B．wore on
C．wore over D．wore off
【解析】 考查动词短语。wear off逐渐减弱，逐渐消失。天天枯燥乏味的苦差事令他不堪忍受，新鲜感磨去了。
【答案】 D
20．A.response B．realization
C．conclusion D．circumstance
【解析】 考查名词。response答复；realization意识；conclusion结论；circumstance环境。由此“我”得出结论：机械地应付差事是离失败最快的路。
【答案】 C
Ⅴ.短文改错
Although all the students seem very happily at our school, as far as we concerned, the buildings would be more beautiful if the school could be decorated. We students thought the school looks like a desert and the concrete walls like the grey sky in a rainy day. We would be much happier and are able to study well if the walls of the school could be decorated with posters, photos and paintings, that could certainly broaden our horizons. Original art work are too expensive, but unless we buy art posters, the cost will be low. Using only a little money, it can make our school a nicer place.
【答案】
Although all the students seem very happilyhappy at our school, as far as we ∧,are concerned, the buildings would be more beautiful if the school could be decorated. We students thoughtthink the school looks like a desert and the concrete walls like the grey sky inon a rainy day. We would be much happier and are able to study if the walls of the school could be decorated with posters, photos and paintings, thatwhich could certainly broaden our horizons. Original art workworks are too expensive, but unlessif we buy art posters, the cost will be low. Using only a little money, itwe can make our school a nicer place.
课时分层作业(九)
[语言知识练习固基础]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．What is your (反应)to the news?
2．Recent studies (告诫)people against drinking too much coffee.
3．Prices (变化)from 50 pounds to several hundred pounds.
4．We (滑过)down the grassy slope.
5．I'm used to (慢跑)in the fields every morning.
6．She pulled out the (抽屉)of the desk and looked for his books.
7．I often cook fish with that frying (平底锅)．
8．The coat is made of (人造的)sheepskin，so it's cheap.
9．She was noisily (抽吸)up milk through a straw.
10．He (抺去)his hands on a clean towel.
【答案】 1.reaction 2.warn 3.range 4.slid
5．jogging 6.drawer 7.pan 8.artificial
9．sucking 10.wiped
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．He was apologizing to his girlfriend for leaving her (wait)．
2．It is great to hear about your recent (promote)．
3．Nick was scolded breaking the window.
4．The TV news warned us the coming typhoon.
5．Her son is (addict) to computer games.
6．The room rates at this motel range from $30 $50 per day.
7．We were (determine) to go to the railway station at once.
8．I'm not sure about the way of (write) a business letter.
9．I don't know why he went there in first place.
10．I've heard you've cured many diseases this method.
【答案】 1.waiting 2.promotion 3.for 4.of
5．addicted 6.to 7.determined 8.writing 9.the
10．with
[高考题型练习提能力]
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Life can be so wonderful, full of adventure and joy. It can also be full of challenges, setbacks(挫折) and heartbreaks. Whatever our circumstances, we generally still have dreams, hopes and desires—that little something more we want for ourselves and our loved ones. Yet knowing we can have more can also create a problem, because when we go to change the way we do things, up come the old patterns and pitfalls (陷阱) that stopped us from seeking what we wanted in the first place.
This tension between what we feel we can have and what we're seemingly able to have is the niggling(烦人的) suffering, the anxiety we feel. This is where we usually think it's easier to just give up. But we're never meant to let go of the part of us that knows we can have more. The intelligence behind that knowing is us—the real us. It's the part that believes in life and its possibilities. If you drop that，you begin to feel a little“dead” inside because you're dropping “you”．
So, if we have this capability but somehow life seems to keep us stuck，how do we break these patterns?
Decide on a new course and make one decision at a time. This is good advice for a new adventure or just getting through today's challenges.
While，deep down, we know we can do it, our mind— or the minds of those close to us—usually says we can't.That isn't a reason to stop, it's just the mind, that little man or woman on your shoulder, trying to talk you out of something again. It has done it many times before. It's all about starting simple and doing it now.
Decide and act before overthinking. When you do this you may feel a little, or large, release from the jail of your mind and you'll be on your way.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。这篇文章旨在告诉我们在生活中遇到一些挑战与挫折时应该如何做才能打破束缚我们的模式，迎接挑战！
1．It can be inferred from the first two paragraphs that we should ．
A．slow down and live a simple life
B．be careful when we choose to change
C．stick to our dreams under any circumstances
D．be content with what we already have
【解析】 段落大意题。题干中的inferred from the first two paragraphs说明是总结前两段的主旨大意，根据第一段中的Whatever our circumstances，we generally still have dreams，hopes and desires...our loved ones.和第二段中的It's the part that believes in life and its possibilities.If you drop that，you begin to feel a little “dead” inside because you're dropping “you”．可以推测，作者在这两段里主要是建议我们无论在什么情况下都要坚持自己的梦想，故选C项。
【答案】 C
2．What is the key to breaking the old patterns?
A．To focus on every detail.
B．To decide and take immediate action.
C．To listen to those close to us.
D．To think twice before we act.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Decide and act before overthinking.可知B项正确，D项错误；根据倒数第二段中的．..or the minds of those close to us...That isn't a reason to stop...可排除C项；A项在文中没有提及。
【答案】 B
3．Which of the following best explains the underlined part in the last paragraph?
A．Escape from your punishment.
B．Realization of your dreams.
C．Freedom from your tension.
D．Reduction of your expectations.
【解析】 句意猜测题。根据最后一条建议Decide and act before overthinking.(行动前不要犹豫不决。)可知，要把自己从思想的束缚中解放出来。release意为“解放”，与freedom同义。
【答案】 C
4．What does the author intend to tell us?
A．It's easier than we think to get what we want.
B．It's important to learn to accept sufferings in life.
C．It's impractical to change our way of thinking.
D．It's harder than we expect to follow a new course.
【解析】 写作意图题。作者在文中一直建议我们要打破思想束缚，不要因盲目听从与我们关系亲密的人的意见而轻易放弃自己的理想。只要我们觉得时机成熟就要果断地采取行动，这样我们才能迎接挑战，得到我们想要的。
【答案】 A
Ⅳ.阅读七选五
The Journey through Adolescence
One of the toughest jobs in the world is being a teenager. Everything is changing. Everything is challenging—even seems impossible.
Kids approaching adulthood have to deal with inconsistencies and conflicts. 1 The desire for independence collides(冲突) with a hate to self-dependence and personal responsibilities.
Here are five suggestions for improving the journey through adolescence：
Be yourself. Mindless agreement is a prison; express yourself genuinely. 2 But don't dress or behave in extreme ways just to be special. In the end, it's more important to be respected than noticed.
3 Don't expect anyone else to make you happy, but don't allow others to treat you badly. Hang out with people who bring out the best in you, and be the kind of person who brings out the best in others.
Think of responsibility as a privilege, not a punishment. Being dependable and self-dependence are the tickets to freedom and independence. Don't waste energy escaping what you have to do. 4
Think ahead. The choices you make today will shape your tomorrow. Remember that every act has a consequence. Please lasts for a moment; happiness lasts much longer.
Take charge of your own life. Your life is your ship; be the captain, not a passenger. Figure out what needs to be done to improve your life and make it happen. 5 You can't control what happens to you, but you can control what happens in you. Don't complain.
A．The adolescents struggle for their own identity.
B．And don't be afraid to stand out.
C．Identity what troubles the adolescent boys have.
D．Your attitudes are more important and decisive than anything else.
E．Don't expect too much or too little.
F．The desire to be special fights with the need to belong.
G．Instead, win others' trust by doing what you should do.
【答案】 1—5 FBEGD
Ⅴ.书面表达
动物是我们的朋友，目前濒危物种越来越多，很多珍稀动物濒临灭绝，灭绝原因中人为因素居多，保护濒危动物人人有责。假设你是李华，请给编辑写一封信，以“保护动物”为主题，阐明动物濒危原因及解决办法。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头语和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Editor，
I am writing to talk about protecting animals
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Editor，
I'm writing to talk about protecting animals.There are more and more endangered animals at present, so how to protect them has been our task of top priority.
There are many reasons for animals' dying out. First, many animals have been killed for food. Second, many of the places where animals used to live have been destroyed. Polluted rivers and lakes have also been a cause of death of some of the animals.
Luckily, some people are working to help save the animals. Some groups raise money to let people know about the problem. And they try to get the governments to pass laws protecting animals in danger. Slowly, the number of some animals in danger is growing.
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
