随着垃圾邮件的泛滥，利用法律来保护网络用户的呼声越来越高了。
Stop Spam!
When I first got an e-mail account ten years ago，I received communications only from family，friends，and colleagues.Now it seems that every time I check my e-mail，I have an endless series of advertisements and other correspondence that do not interest me at all.If we want e-mail to continue to be useful，we need specific laws that make spamming(发送垃圾邮件)a crime.
If lawmakers do not do something soon to prohibit spam，the problem will certainly get much worse.Computer programs allow spammers to send hundreds of millions of e-mails almost instantly.As more and more advertisers turn to spam to sell their products，individual(个人的)e-mail boxes are often flooded with spam e-mails.Would people continue to use e-mail if they had to deal with an annoying amount of spam each time?
This problem is troubling for individuals and companies as well.Many spam e-mails contain computer viruses that can shut down the entire network of a company.Companies rely on e-mail for their employees to communicate with each other.Spam frequently causes failures in their local communications networks，and their employees are thus unable to communicate effectively.Such a situation results in a loss of productivity and requires companies to repeatedly repair their networks.These computer problems raise production costs of companies，which are，in the end，passed on to the consumer.
For these reasons，I believe that lawmakers need to legislate(立法) against spam.Spammers should be fined，and perhaps sent to prison if they continue to disturb people.E-mail is a tool which helps people all over the world to communicate conveniently，but spam is destroying this convenience.
[诱思导读]
1．What does the underlined word “correspondence”in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
2．According to the text，what is the major cause of the flooding spam?
【答案】 1.Messages. 2.More advertisers begin to promote sales through spam.
Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading—Preparing
Ⅰ.词义搭配
1．delete A．to make a judgement about the nature or quality of sb./sth.
2．assess B．to remove sth.that has been written or printed
3．ripe C．a rough written version of sth.that is not yet in its final form
4．firm D．a business or company
5．leak E．to allow liquid or gas to get inor out through a small
hole or crack
6．suspect F．to try to reach an agreement by formal discussion
7．draft G．fully grown and ready to be eaten
8．negotiate H．to have an idea that sth.is probably true or likely to
happen，especially sth.bad，but without having definite proof
【答案】 1.B 2.A 3.G 4.D 5.E 6.H 7.C 8.F
Ⅱ.短语填空
as well；relate to；in the end；break into；keep up with; refer to；prevent...from；in addition
1．We are going to take part in the party tonight，why don't you come ？
2．Lung cancer is often smoking.
3． ，he overcame all the difficulty he met with.
4．Work harder，and you'll your classmates.
5．He found his house when he got home yesterday.
6．The heavy rain him going to the cinema.
【答案】 1.as well 2.related to 3.In the end
4．catch up with 5.broken into 6.prevented；from
Ⅲ.背诵下列教材中出现的句型，体会黑体部分的用法
1．A survey conducted in 2010 by the Computer Security Institute，a private organization in the USA，showed that 45.6 per cent of the 351 biggest companies and government agencies had had their security systems broken into in the previous year.
一项由美国私人组织“计算机安全协会”在2010年进行的调查表明，351家最大的公司和政府机构中，45.6%的安全系统在前一年遭到入侵。
2．Considering how bad the situation with cybercrime against companies has become，many people wonder why so little is known about this.
考虑到针对公司的网络犯罪的情况很恶劣，许多人质疑为什么我们对于这些犯罪知之甚少。
3．The only answer to this problem is international cooperation.
这个问题唯一的答案就是国际合作。
Ⅰ.从三个选项中选择最佳答案
1．Which of the following is right?
A．Cybercriminals are more interested in getting money from large companies.
B．Fraud against individuals is more serious.
C．Receiving e-mails promising money or cheques shows that you're lucky.
2．Which one of the measures will NOT be taken to prevent online crimes?
A．Educating people who use computers.
B．Seeking international cooperation.
C．Preventing people from using the Internet.
3．Little is known about cybercrime because ．
A．the situation is really too bad
B．many companies are unwilling to report the cases
C．they fear they will lose customers
【答案】 1.A 2.C 3.B
Ⅱ.完成下列表格
Fight against cybercrime
Four 1. of cybercrime
Cybercrime refers to any 2. related to the Internet.It was 3. four categories.1.It means crimes related to a lack of proper Internet security and spreading computer viruses.2.It refers to crimes that can be committed with or without a computer.3.It is some websites with offensive content or encouraging 4. .4.It means those offence relating to breaking intellectual property and copyright laws.
The 5. of cybercrime
All Internet users are affected by Cybercrime directly or indirectly.Some people's money is stolen by 6. .Worse still，many large companies are faced with a bigger problem.Hundreds of billions of dollars was lost every year because of cybercrime.
The reasons
of cybercrime
1.Many companies fear they will 7. if they report the cases of cybercrime.
2．Cybercrime is so new that many governments have not yet passed laws against it.
3．Most countries don't have arrangements for dealing with 8. from other countries who may have committed cybercrime.
The solution
to cybercrime
The only solution to this problem is 9. .In addition，it is very important to draft new laws and 10. international standard for fighting cybercrime.
【答案】 1.categories 2.criminal offence
3．classified into 4.hatred or violence 5.effect
6．e-mail 7.lose customers 8.suspects
9．international cooperation 10.negotiate
Ⅲ.完成下面课文缩写
With the Internet 1. (expand) in recent years, cybercrime has become a tough problem. The council of Europe has classified it 2. four categories: we know that all Internet users are affected by cybercrime in one way or 3. ．Most people have received computer viruses and many have been the targets of e-mails.
Although there are an 4. (increase) number of such cases against people, crime against large companies is a 5. (big) problem.Many companies and government agencies had had their security systems 6. (break) into in 2010, 7. (cause) hundreds of billions of dollars' loss worldwide.
The main reason of cybercrime is that most cybercrime is not reported and some countries have no laws against it. Besides, most countries do not have 8. (arrangement) for dealing with suspects from other countries 9. may have committed cybercrime.
The only answer to this problem is international. Vinton Cerf, 10. of the fathers of the Internet also agrees that teamwork is a key to dealing with cybercrime.
【答案】 1.expanding 2.into 3.another
4．increasing 5.bigger 6.broken 7.causing
8．arrangements 9.who 10.one
课件27张PPT。Unit 4 Law and order2345678Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading—Preparing91011121314151617181920212223242526Thank you for watching !Section Ⅱ Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points
1．(教材P50)Ladies and gentlemen，as the Internet has expanded in recent years，the opportunities for crime have expanded as well．
女士们，先生们，近几年来因特网迅速扩张，犯罪的机会也同样随之增加。
(1)expand v．展开；张开(帆、翅等)；使膨胀；使扩张；扩大；扩充；详述
The eagle expanded its wings and flew into the sky.
雄鹰展开翅膀飞向天空。
He is thinking of expanding his business.
他正考虑扩大他的生意。
Water expands when it freezes.
水结冰时体积膨胀。
In ten years the city's population expanded by 12%.
十年之中，该城人口增加了百分之十二。
(1)expand sth. 扩大，扩展某物
expand on/upon sth. 详述；充分叙述；详细阐明
(2)expandable adj. 扩张的；可扩充的
(3)expansion n. 扩张；扩展；扩大；膨胀
an expansion of sth. ……的扩大/膨胀；……的详述/展开
They have expanded my view on the question.
他们已更充分地阐明了我对这个问题的观点。
Could you expand on that point，please?
请你把这一点详细说明一下好吗？
完成句子
①你曾提到需要一笔额外资金，你详细地谈谈好吗？
You mentioned the need for extra funding.Would you that?
②这本书是他以前写的剧本的扩充。
This book is the play he wrote before.
【答案】 ①expand on ②an expansion of
(2)as well 也
I am going to London and my sister is going as well(＝going，too)．我要到伦敦去，我妹妹也要去。
My little brother can speak English and French as well.我弟弟会说英语，也会说法语。
(1)as well常用作状语，作“又；也”解，相当于too或also，常位于句末，无须用逗号把其与句子分开。
(2)as well用在口语中也可用于句中，作“也好；也行”或“倒不如”解，用来缓和语气。用于may/might as well do sth.句型。
(3)as well可以直接用于just后，用作应答语(可视为It's just as well.的省略)，作“幸亏；幸而；无妨；没关系”解。
You may as well have a try.你不妨试一下。
The weather was so bad that we might(just)as well have stayed at home.
天气太坏了，早知道如此，倒不如待在家里为好。
—We were too late to see the film.
我们去得太晚了，没有看上电影。
—Just as well，I hear it isn't very good.
不必遗憾，我听说电影也不怎么样。
完成句子
③我唱自己谱曲的歌，也弹吉他。
I write my own songs and I play the guitar ．
④我们不妨从运动场上穿过去。
We cut across the playground.
【答案】 ③as well ④may as well
2．face v．面向；正对；使面对；面临；勇敢地对付；正视；覆盖 n. 脸；面容；外观
(教材P50)We are facing criminals who realize that they can make money with little risk of being caught.
我们正面临着这些以为这样做可以挣钱而几乎没有被捕风险的犯罪分子。
He laid the card's face down on the table.
他将纸牌的正面朝下放在桌上。
(1)be faced with 面临……
face up/down 面朝上/下
(3)make a face/faces 做鬼脸
save one's face 保全面子
lose one's face 丢面子
on the face of... 从……的外表判断
England saved their face by getting a goal in the last minute to draw the match.
英格兰队在最后一分钟进了一球，把比赛扳成平局，从而挽回了面子。
The front of the house was faced with concrete.
房屋正面涂着一层混凝土。
[明辨异同] face/look/appearance
face
脸，面孔；表示“在脸上”时多用on
look
脸色，神气，外表；复数指面容
appearance
外表，外貌；用单数时，着重指人，往往包括衣着
选词填空(face/look/appearance)
①She came in with a big smile on her ．
②He gave me an angry when he heard the news.
③Don't judge a man only by his ．
【答案】 ①face ②look ③appearance
单句语法填空
④The children sat at the window (make) faces at the passers-by.
⑤On the face it, artificial life looks like a wonderful thing.
⑥If you don't want (lose) face, the gifts should not be too cheap.
【答案】 ④making ⑤of ⑥to lose
3．offence n．犯罪；冒犯； 罪过
(教材P50)Cybercrime refers to any criminal offence related to the Internet.
网络犯罪指任何与电脑相关的犯罪。
They didn't pardon him for his first offence against the law.
他们没有宽恕他初次犯法。
I'm sure he meant no offence when he said that.
我相信他那么说并无冒犯的意思。
(1)cause/ give offence冒犯；得罪；伤感情
commit/give offence(against) 违背；违反；破坏
mean no offence 没有冒犯你的意思；不要见怪
take offence at 对……生气；因……动怒
(2)offend v. 得罪；冒犯；违背；有悖于
offend sb. 得罪某人
offend against 有悖于……
be offended with/by/at 对……感到生气
I was offended at his words.
我对他的话感到生气。
They were offended with her for her conduct.
他们因她的行为而对她生气。
完成句子
①开车没有执照就是一项犯罪。
Driving without a licence is ．
②你的所作所为有悖于他们的宗教信仰。
What you did their religious beliefs.
【答案】 ①an offence ②offended against
4．(be)related to 与……相联系；与……有关；与……有亲戚关系
(教材P50)Last of all，it names those offences related to intellectual property.
最后，它定义与知识产权相关的犯罪。
His fear of people is related to his unhappy childhood.
他对人的畏惧和他不幸的童年有关系。
(1)relate vt. 联系；关联；叙述；讲述；vi.涉及；有关；符合
be related to... 和……有关系/联系
(2)relative n. 亲属/戚adj.有关系的；有关的
(3)relation n. 关系；联系；亲属
in relation to 和……联系起来；关于；涉及
This paragraph relates to the international situation.
这一段讲的是国际形势。
It is difficult to relate the two cases.
这两个案件很难扯上关系。
He related the story at length.
他把故事详详细细地叙述了一遍。
Strange to relate，I once met Smith in Paris.
说起来奇怪，有一次我在巴黎遇见了史密斯。
完成句子
①他因病丧失了记忆。
He suffered with memory loss his disease.
②他和我家有亲戚关系。
He my family.
【答案】 ①related to ②is related to
5．affect vt.影响；对……发生作用；使感动；使震动；(病)侵袭；罹患
(教材P50)All Internet users are affected by cybercrime in one way or another.
所有的因特网用户都这样或那样地受到影响。
Her kidneys had become affected.
她的肾脏受到了感染。
The amount of rain affects the growth of crops.
雨量影响作物的生长。
(1)be greatly/deeply affected 很/深受感动
be affected by heat/cold 中暑/着凉
be affected with high fever 发高烧
(2)effect n. 影响
have an effect on 对……产生影响
The south of the country was worst affected by the drought.
该国南方旱情最严重。
They were deeply affected by the news of her death.
她死亡的消息使他们唏嘘不已。
完成句子
①她父亲去世的消息使她深受震动。
She the news of her father's death.
②电视对年轻人有影响，这使许多老师很担心。
Television young people，which many teachers worry about.
【答案】 ①was deeply affected by ②has an effect on
6．in the end最后；终于
(教材P50)The people receiving these e-mails are asked to supply information about their bank accounts，and in the end，their money is stolen.
收到这些电子邮件的人被要求提供他们的银行账户，结果他们的钱被盗了。
Everything will be all right in the end.
最终一切都会好的。
[明辨异同] in the end/by the end of.../at the end (of...)
in the end
意为“终于，最后”，在句中修饰整个句子。
by the end of...
意为“到……为止”。常与完成时态连用。若of后面跟的是将来时间，句子则用将来完成时；若of后面跟的是过去时间则句子要和过去完成时连用。
at the end (of...)
意为“在(……的)末端、在……后期”，of后面若接时间，则表示某一时间点，句子的时态要根据句子的意思而定。
In the end，it was more than he could bear.
最后，他再也忍不住了。
By the end of last week，we had learnt three units.
到上个星期为止，我们已学了三个单元。
At the end of this month，I'll pay back your money.
这个月底我将还你的钱。
用end的相关词语完成下列小片段
① the meeting，the general manager said in a loud voice，“We've tried hard to solve the financial problem，and ② we've succeeded.So ③ next week，everything will be all right.”
【答案】 ①At the end of ②in the end ③by the end of
7．(教材P50)A survey conducted in 2010 by the Computer Security Institute，a private organization in the USA, showed that 45.6 per cent of the 351 biggest companies and government agencies had had their security systems broken into in the previous year.
美国的一家私人机构即电脑安全协会，在2010年进行的一项调查表明，在被调查的351家最大的公司和政府部门中，有45.6%的单位的电脑安全系统在前一年遭到入侵。
(1)conduct n．行为；举止；举动；品行；处理；经营方式；管理方法v.行为；举止；为人；表现；处理；经营；引导；实施；导游；指挥(乐队)；导电；导热
His conduct disagrees with his words.
他言行不一致。
The headmaster conducted us round the school.
校长带领我们在学校里参观了一圈。
conduct...to/into...领着(某人)到……
conduct oneself 表现；举止
conduct of sth. ……的经营方式/管理方法
Your children conduct themselves well.
你的孩子们表现甚佳。
There was growing praise of his conduct of the company.
他对公司的管理方式受到越来越多人的表扬。
完成句子
①他表现得比预料的要好得多。
He than expected.
②我们对谈判的进展感到不满。
We are not satisfied with the negotiations.
【答案】 ①conducted himself far better ②the conduct of
(2)break into强行闯入；撬开；突然开始(笑、唱)
They have had their house broken into.
有人闯进了他们家。
As the singer walked onto the stage，the audience broke into loud applause.
当歌手走上舞台时，观众中爆发出热烈的掌声。
break away(from)脱开；离开；逃脱
break down 破坏；拆散(机器)；损坏；失败；破裂；精神崩溃；失去控制
break in 强行闯入；打断；插嘴
break off 中断谈话；停顿；断裂
break out (战争、火灾等)突然发生；爆发
break through 突破；打破
break up 分裂；结束；解散；(学校)开始放假；使发笑；逗乐；使苦恼
The war broke out when he was born.
他出生时战争爆发了。
She's just broken up with her boyfriend.
她刚刚和男朋友分手。
Finally the country broke up into three countries.
最后，这个国家分裂为三个国家。
完成句子
③A bank was (闯进) last night.
④Firefighters had to (打倒，破坏)the door to reach the people trapped inside.
⑤Scientists think they are beginning to (取得突破)in the fight against cancer.
⑥They decided to (结束)the partnership.
【答案】 ③broken into ④break down ⑤break through ⑥break up
8．considering prep.考虑到
(教材P51)Considering how bad the situation with cybercrime against companies has become, many people wonder why so little is known about this.
考虑到针对公司的网络犯罪的情况很恶劣，许多人质疑为什么我们对于这些犯罪知之甚少。
Considering the weather，we got here quite quickly.
考虑到天气，我们很快到达了这儿。
(1)
(2)
(3)sb.is considered to have done sth. 某人被认为已做某事
(4)take...into consideration 把……考虑在内
Competition is tough，so job seekers must carefully consider .
竞争非常激烈，因此求职者必须仔细考虑他们的个人选择。
I had always considered myself a strong competent woman.
我曾一直以为自己是一个坚强能干的女人。
单句语法填空
①Do you consider wise to interfere?
②Taking everything into (consider)，the result is better than I expected.
【答案】 ①it ②consideration
9. (教材P51)All of this is made more difficult by the legal situation regarding cybercrime.
有关网络犯罪的法律状况使形势更加复杂。
(1)situation n. 形势；情况
The economic situation in China today is very promising.如今中国的经济发展形势非常好。
He is in a difficult situation.
他的处境很困难。
as/if/when the situation arises/when it happens
如果/当出现这种情况时
be in/out of a situation 有/失去职业
save the situation 解救危机，挽回局势
social situations 社交场合
sb.'s situation 某人的境遇
We'll have to deal with overcrowding as the situation arises.
当这种情况出现时，我们得应对过度拥挤的问题。
Social situations always make me nervous.
社交场合总是让我感到紧张。
[名师点津]
situation后的定语从句(如果situation在定语从句中做状语)常用where/in which引导，这类词还有point，case，system，stage，position等。
They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.
他们已经到了必须分手的地步。
完成句子
①他以前独自一人离开过家吗？
Has he ever been when he's been out on his own?
②每次你在社交场合遇到人时，把精力集中在他身上四分钟。
Every time you meet someone ， give him your undivided attention for four minutes.
【答案】 ①in a situation ②in a social situation
(2)regarding prep.关于；至于(比about正式)
I wrote a letter regarding my daughter's school examinations.我写了一封关于我女儿学校考试的信。
He knew nothing regarding the case.
关于这个案子他一无所知。
(1)regardless adv. 无论如何；不管怎样
regardless of 不管；不顾
(2)regard v．& n. 认为；注意
regard...as... 把……当作……
with/in regard to 关于；至于
The boy went swimming in the deep lake regardless of his mother's fears for his safety.那个男孩不顾母亲对他安全的担心，到深湖中去游泳了。
I regard him as a friend.
我当他是朋友。
The teacher wishes to speak to you in regard to your being late.
老师要和你谈谈关于你迟到的问题。
完成句子
③关于价格，我们认为它太高了。
We consider it too high the price.
④她不顾一切后果，决心这样做。
She is determined to do it all consequences.
【答案】 ③with regard to ④regardless of
10．applicant n．申请者
(教材P53)Information related to applicants，staff and the administration of our company is private and confidential.
我们公司的申请者、员工和管理相关的信息是私密和机密的。
The applicant is an importer of fruit.
申请人是一个水果进口商。
The agent must answer all the questions in item 5 for the applicant.
代理人必须为申请人回答第5项所有问题。
(1)application n．申请；申请书/表；实施；应用；实用性；用功；专心
(2)apply vi. 申请；请求；有关；涉及
vt. 使用；应用；涂；敷
apply (to sb.) for sth. (向某人)申请某物
apply sth.(to sth.) 将某物应用于某物
apply oneself to (doing) sth. 专心于……；致力于……
apply to do sth. 申请去做某事
完成句子
①贫穷的学生们申请免费上学。
The poor students go to school for free.
②护士用绷带包扎伤口。
The nurse to the wound.
【答案】 ①applied to ②applied the bandage
课件56张PPT。Unit 4 Law and orderSection Ⅱ Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points2345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152535455点击右图进入…Thank you for watching !Section Ⅲ Word power & Grammar and usage
1．(教材P54)A detective may also be needed to search for the person responsible for the crime.
有可能需要一位侦探来搜查这次罪行的责任人。
(1)search vt.& vi.搜查；在……中搜寻(＋for)，细看；仔细检查
Police searched everyone present at the scene of crime.
警察搜查了在犯罪现场的每一个人。
He searched every room in the house.
他搜查了这房子的每一个房间。
He searched for work at the various stores.
他在各家商店寻找工作。
search sb. 搜某人的身
search somewhere 搜查某地方；在……中搜查
search for 寻找(指搜寻某个特定的目标，相当于look for)
search...for 搜查某人或某场所以寻找某物
in search of 寻找(是介词短语，常作目的状语)
make a search for 搜索；寻求；追求
They made a long search for the lost child.
他们花了很长时间去找失踪的孩子。
完成句子
①他去森林为他生病的妻子找草药。
He went to the forest medicinal herbs for his sick wife.
②他们寻找了一天这个丢失的孩子。
For a whole day they the lost child.
③我没拿你的书，但我愿意帮你找。
I will your book, though I don't think I have taken it.
【答案】 ①in search of ②searched for ③make a search for
(2)responsible adj.需负责任的；承担责任的(＋for/to)；作为原因的(＋for)；认真负责的；可信赖的；责任重大的；重要的
We should give the job to a responsible person.
我们应将该工作委托给一个有责任心的人。
Mr.March held a responsible position.
马奇先生担任过要职。
(1)be responsible for sth. 对某事负责
be responsible for doing sth. 负责做某事
be responsible to sb. 对某人负责
(2)responsibility n. 负责；责任；义务；职责
have responsibility for 负责……
take responsibility for 对……负责
assume/accept responsibility for 承担……的责任
sense of responsibility 责任感
Bad weather is responsible for the poor crop.
坏天气是收成不好的原因。
完成句子
我决不对发生的事情负责。
④In no way what has happened.
【答案】 am I responsible for
2．(教材P54)They may interview people as well to find out if anyone saw something suspicious or was a witness to the crime.他们也有可能会见一些人，来发现是否有人看见值得怀疑的东西或者是这次罪行的目击证人。
(1)【要点提炼】 if anyone saw something suspicious or was a witness to the crime作find out的宾语
if和whether引导动词的宾语从句时，两者可以互换。但引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，介词的宾语从句以及discuss所带的宾语从句时只能用whether。
Whether she will attend the meeting is still under consideration.她是否参加会议仍在考虑中。(主语从句)
The problem whether he will be given the job has not been decided.他是否能得到这份工作的问题还没决定呢。(同位语从句)
He asked me if (whether)I would attend the meeting.他问我是否参加会议。(宾语从句)
The question is whether he will come.
问题是他是否会来。(表语从句)
We discussed whether Mary could join us.
我们讨论了玛丽是否可以加入到我们当中来。(discussed后的宾语从句)
It depends on whether she is coming or not.
那要看她是否要来。(介词宾语从句)
[名师点津]
①宾语从句若是否定句，不宜用whether，要用if。与or not紧贴着连用时，要用whether。
你是否知道他将要来？
②用于不定式之前的“是否”和引导让步状语从句要用whether。
I don't know whether to go there.
我不知道是否去那儿。
Whether you like it or not，you must go with us.
不管你愿不愿意，你必须与我们一起去。
③如果在有些语境情况下，if引导从句会造成歧义，那么就要用whether。
Please let me know if he is coming.
如果他要来请告诉我。
Please let me know whether he is coming.
请告诉我他是否要来。
翻译句子
①是否给她这份工作仍在讨论中。
②我怀疑我们是否能赢得这场比赛。
【答案】 ①Whether she will be given this job is still under discussion. ②I doubt if/whether we will win the match.
(2)witness n．目击者；见证人v.目击；作……的证人；为……作证；是……的发生地点(时间)
I was a witness to the argument.
我是那场争论的见证人。
She was punished for giving false witness.
她因作伪证受到惩罚。
witness an accident/a quarrel 目击，见证一事故/一场争吵
witness to sth./doing sth. (在法庭等上)为……作证
bear/give witness (to sth.) 为……作证，证明
be (a) witness to sth. 目击(某事发生)，证明……真实
I witnessed the traffic accident.
我目睹了那次交通事故。
The year 1849 witnessed a great war in Hungary.
一八四九年匈牙利发生了一场大战。
These facts are witness to his carelessness.
这些事实证明了他的粗心。
完成句子
③The driver (作证说看见了)the man enter the building.
④I (为……作证)his innocence.
【答案】 ③witnessed to having seen ④bore witness to
3．charge n．负责；管理；收费；指控；罪名v.收(费)；索(价)；控告；指控；使充满
(教材P54)If the police have enough evidence to prove that the person is guilty，the person will be charged with the crime，and then must go to court for a trial.
如果警察有足够的证据来证明这人就是罪犯，他们就会控告这人有罪，并且这个嫌疑犯必须去法庭接受审判。
What is the charge for a day at the hotel?
旅馆费一天要多少？
How much do you charge for this?
这个你要多少钱？
He was charged with stealing.
他被指控偷盗。
(1)charge sb.for sth. 收费；要价
charge sb.with sth./doing sth. 指控；起诉；指责
(2)free of charge 免费
in charge of 主管；负责
in the charge of 由……负责/掌管
take charge of 主管，负责
They charged me $5 for a cup of coffee.
他们一杯咖啡向我要(价)5美元。
Soon he will take charge of the department.
他很快会来主管这个部门。
[明辨异同] in charge of/in the charge of
in charge of
表示“负责，管理”
in the charge of
表示“由……负责/管理”。
in the charge of sb.＝in(under)sb.'s charge由某人管理、照看
Mr.Smith is in charge of our class./Our class is in the charge of Mr.Smith.
我们班由史密斯先生负责。
完成句子
①这个婴儿由玛丽照看。
The baby is ．
②当老板不在时由汤姆负责公司业务。
The company is when the boss is away.
③他被指控犯有谋杀罪。
He murder.
④父亲去世后他掌管了农场。
He the farm after his father's death.
【答案】 ①in/under Mary's charge ②in the charge of Tom/in Tom's charge ③was charged with ④takes charge of
4．(教材P57)Visitors are politely requested to keep their voices down at all times．
游客们总是被客气地要求压低他们的声音。
(1)request vt.要求；请求；请求给予
I requested him to come before ten.
我要求他十点以前来。
They requested a loan from the bank.
他们要求银行给他们一笔贷款。
He requested that she(should)have dinner with him.
他邀请她一起吃饭。
(1)request sb.to do 请求某人做……
request sth.of/from sb. 向某人要求某物
request that 从句[虚拟语气(should)＋v.]请求……
It is requested that... 要求……
request 后接同位语从句或表语从句，从句的谓词用虚拟语气should＋v.，should可省略。
(2)request n. 请求；要求；请求的事；需要；需求
at one's request 应某人的邀请
make a request for/that 从句 要求……
Mr.Paine made a request that I should help him.
佩恩先生要求我帮助他。
All my requests were granted.
我所请求的事情全都得到答应了。
完成句子
①They (要求)further aid.
②She requested her mother (把她母亲马上送去医院)．
【答案】 ①made a request for ②should be sent to hospital at once
(2)at all times无论何时；随时；一直
We must be ready at all times to start off.
我们必须随时都准备出发。
at times 有时；不时
at a time 每次；一次
at one time 曾经；一度
at the same time 同时
at no time 决不
at this/that time 就在这个/那个时刻
He can be really bad-tempered at times.
他有时候脾气可真不好。
We had to go and see the principal one at a time.
我们得逐一去见校长。
完成句子
③这个人曾被告上了法庭。
The man was taken to court ．
④昨天这个时候你在干什么？
What were you doing yesterday?
【答案】 ③at one time ④at this time
英语的文体
英语有很多不同的文体，应使用何种英语文体取决于具体情境。最重要的区别是英语的口语形式与书面形式的不同，而在这其中还有正式文体和非正式文体的区别。
正式
非正式
书面语
散文
报告
申请信函
给朋友或家人的信
电子邮件
短信
口语
正式演说
对陌生人说话
与熟悉的人交谈(家人和朋友)
1．正式文体
(1)我们经常发现复杂的句子结构，包括被动语态和从句。
Ordinary citizens are aware of the frequent computer-related crimes that happen since many computer users are affected by computer viruses.
普通市民意识到自从一些计算机用户被电脑病毒侵袭后与电脑相关的犯罪就频繁地发生。
在这个句子中含有一个定语从句，并且在定语从句中还含有一个时间状语从句。
(2)我们也会发现较多的抽象名词。
There has been an increase in the incidence of crime.犯罪率有所上升。
(3)我们常常使用正式英语词汇和表达形式。
I regret to inform you that you haven't been admitted into the university.
很遗憾地通知你：你没有被大学录取。
2．非正式文体
(1)我们常常使用简单句结构。
People are worried about computer viruses.
人们担心电脑病毒。
(2)我们常常使用主动语态。
Well，Katie，first you should go to the police station and talk to the detective in charge.
凯蒂，你应该去派出所并向主管的警探说清楚。
(3)我们也会见到口语的缩略形式。
We've heard lots of reports of financial fraud.
我们听说过很多经济犯罪的报道。
(4)我们常常使用非正式英语词汇和表达形式。
I'm sorry to say that you haven't been admitted into the university.
很抱歉地告诉你你没有被大学录取。
3．常用正式英语和非正式英语词汇
Formal English
Informal English
a large amount/number of
a lot of
arrange
sort out
child
kid
discard
throw away
I regret to inform you...
I'm sorry to say...
immediately
right away
in addition
plus
it is my hope...
hope...
prevent
stop
purchase
buy
reply
answer
speak to
have a word with
take my concerns into
consideration
think about it
课件42张PPT。Unit 4 Law and orderSection Ⅲ Word power & Grammar and usage234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041点击右图进入…Thank you for watching !Section Ⅳ Task & Project
Ⅰ.从三个选项中选择最佳答案
1．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A．The WIPO recognizes intellectual property as ideas that belongs to only a person.
B．Laws have been passed to protect intellectual property in all countries.
C．Generally speaking，ideas are more valuable than many things in the physical world.
2．Why is it considered necessary to protect intellectual property rights？Because ．
A．if someone creates something，he or she deserves to be paid for this.
B．to protect intellectual property rights does good to knowledge.
C．it can let us download more videos free from the Internet.
3．Who are most likely to be breaking intellectual property laws?
A．People with advanced technical skills.
B．People with no technical skills about computers.
C．Ordinary people who never surf on the Internet.
【答案】 1.C 2.A 3.A
Ⅱ.判断正(T)误(F)
1．Xu Jin wrote to Miss Li to apologize to her for him not studying hard.( )
2．Xu Jin and his friend went to the Internet cafe to play computer games every day.( )
3．Once Xu Jin stole money from the tin on the class monitor's desk.( )
【答案】 1.F 2.F 3.T
1．(教材P58)How do you know it was me？It could have been anyone.你怎么知道是我？有可能是别人呀！
【要点提炼】 could have done在此处表示对过去所发生的事情的推测，意为“有可能做过某事”。could have done用法如下：
(1)表示对过去的推测(可用于肯定句、否定句或疑问句)，当用在疑问句或陈述句中时，其意为“可能做过某事……”；当用在否定句中时，意为“不可能做过某事”，此时能与can't have done互换。
He couldn't have told her about it.
他不可能把这事告诉她了。
(2)表示过去没有实现的可能性，意为“本来能够做却没有……”，含有委婉地责备某人之意。
You could have come here a little earlier.
你本该早点来的。
(3)表示“差点儿就要”。
I could have died laughing.
我差点儿就要笑死了。
should/ought to have done
表示过去本应该做某事而没有做
shouldn't/ought not to have done
表示本不应该做某事实际上却做了
must/may/might have done
表示一定做了或可能已经做了某事(must语气最肯定，只用于肯定句，否定形式用can't have done。)
needn't have done
表示本没有必要做某事而实际上却做了
would have done表示过去本会发生某事而没有发生
wouldn't have done表示过去本来不会发生某事却发生了
It must have rained last night，for the road was quite muddy.昨晚一定下过雨了，因为地面很泥泞。
You shouldn't have let out the secret.
你不该泄露这个秘密的。
Mr.Smith can't have gone to Beijing，for I saw him in the library just now.史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆看见他。
完成句子
①史密斯夫人不可能错过火车。
Mrs.Smith the train.
②你本来应该先征得我的同意。
You my permission first.
③昨天肯定下雪了。
It yesterday.
【答案】 ①can't/couldn't have missed
②should/ought to have asked
③must have snowed
2．pay sb./sth.back还钱，还债；报仇，报复
(教材P59)I know it is a lame excuse，but I thought I would be able to pay it back.
我知道这不是一个充分的借口，但我想我会还钱的。
Can you lend me some money？I can pay you back tomorrow.你能借给我点儿钱吗？我明天就可以还给你。
He'll pay you back for making him look like a fool in front of everybody.
你让他当众出丑，他不会放过你的。
pay for 付款；支付费用；偿还
pay off 还清；偿清；报复；偿还；结清工资解雇(某人)；成功
pay out 付巨款；放松(绳子)；放出
pay up (不情愿地)付清；还清(债务)
I paid five dollars for the books.
我花了五美元买这些书。
After all these years，we've at last paid off all our debts.经过这么多年，我们总算把债还清了。
完成句子
①他答应明天还。
He promised to me tomorrow.
②你必须还清旧债，才能重新贷款。
You'll have to your old loan before being allowed a new one.
【答案】 ①pay；back ②pay off
3．(教材P62)If someone spends his or her time，effort and money writing a book，for example，he or she deserves to be paid for it.
例如，如果有人花了他或她的时间、精力和金钱来写一本书，他或她也值得他人为此付费。
(1)spend...花费……做……
He has spent two yuan on sweets.
买糖果他已用去了2元钱。
He spent half a year (in) writing a short play.
他花了半年的时间写了一个短剧。
[明辨异同] spend/cost/pay/take
spend
多指花费时间、金钱和精力，它的主语必须是人。常用sb.spend...on sth./(in)doing sth.结构。
cost
常指花费金钱、精力、劳力、生命、健康等，一般不用于花费时间。其主语必须是“事或物”，不以人作主语，它可以接一个宾语，也可接双宾语。结构为：sth.cost money，sth.cost sb.money/energy/life/health。
pay
主语是人，宾语可以是人或金钱等，与介词for搭配。常用sb.pay(...)for sth.结构。
take
作“花费”讲时，可用来指花费时间、精力；take意为(need/require)需要，后可接勇气，想象力等，主语常用it，可以是“事情”，有时也可以是人。常用于It takes sb.some time to do sth.；It takes some time for sb.to do sth.或sb.takes some time to do sth.结构。
Mary spends all her free time painting.
玛丽把所有的时间都用来绘画。
A full day's activities will cost you ￡45.
全天的活动花费为45英镑。
It took me one hour to drive from the village to the town.驾车从村子到小镇花了我一个小时的时间。
用take/spend/cost/pay的适当形式填空
①Every morning he half an hour on English.
②He a lot of money in buying a new car.
③Making experiments like this much time and labour.
④He had to 50，000 yuan for his new house.
⑤It the professor three years to carry out the experiment.
【答案】 ①spends ②spent ③cost ④pay ⑤took
(2)deserve vt.应受；该得
They deserved to have a good rest.
他们应该好好休息一下。
He deserves this glory.
他应该得到这一荣誉。
The article deserves careful study.
这篇文章值得仔细研究。
deserve to do 应该做；值得做
deserve doing/to be done 值得(被)做
deserve consideration/attention 值得考虑/关注
He deserves to be praised for what he did.＝He deserves praising for what he did.
他的所作所为值得赞扬。
完成句子
⑥她应该赢，因为她是最好的。
She because she was the best.
⑦她工作做得很好，应当受到赞扬。
She did a good job, and so she ．
＝She did a good job, and so she ．
【答案】 ⑥deserved to win ⑦deserved to be praised; deserved praising
4．product n．用作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。产品；产物；产量；出产；结果；成果
(教材P62)In the same way，if a company spends money researching and developing new products，that company should be paid for its work.
同样的是，如果一家公司花了金钱研究和开发新产品，那么该公司也应该为此得到报酬。
They came here in search of new markets for their products.
他们来这儿为他们的产品寻找新市场。
The plan was the product of many days of careful thought.
这个计划是许多天仔细考虑的成果。
[明辨异同] produce/product/production
produce
(不可数)和product(可数)在表示“产品”时，都可以表示农产品、工业品、天然产品等，两者常可换用。但produce多指“农产品”，product则多指“工业产品”。
production
也可表示“产品”(可数)，但主要指“艺术作品”，此时也可用product，但不如前者常用。
选词填空(product/produce/production)
①The farmers brought their to town early each Saturday morning.
②Our car is a of that factory.
③The company is famous for the of small cars.
【答案】 ①produce ② product ③production
5．valuable adj.贵重的；有价值的；宝贵的；珍贵的
(教材P62)．..and ideas are more valuable than many things in the physical world.
在物质世界里想法要比许多其他东西更有价值。
I won't waste any more of your valuable time.
我不再浪费你的宝贵时间了。
[明辨异同] valuable/invaluable/valueless/priceless
valuable
有价值的，值钱的，宝贵的(＝of great value)。比它语气更强的是priceless，意为“无价的；极贵重的”(＝of such a high value that it can't be calculated)。
invaluable
无价的，非常宝贵的(＝very valuable)。在现代英语中，它一般不用来谈论价格(price)或钱(money)，而是指“极其有用的”(＝very useful indeed)。
valueless
不值钱的，无用的(＝without value)，同义词是worthless。
priceless
无价的，极珍贵的。
This ancient gold coin isn't just valuable；it's priceless.
这枚古金币不只是有价值，而且是无价之宝。
Your assistance has been invaluable.
你的帮助的确是太有用了(或无法估价)。
The metal looked like gold，but in fact it was valueless/worthless.
这块金属看起来像黄金，但实际上是不值钱的。
Our family photos are priceless.
我们的家庭照片是极其珍贵的。
选词填空(valuable/invaluable/valueless/priceless)
①A dictionary is an aid in learning a new language.
②He bought me a diamond ring as a birthday present.
③The vase is ， so he sold it at a low price.
④The painting was her great treasure.
【答案】 ①invaluable ②valuable ③valueless ④priceless
6．(教材P62)To help control such problems and smooth the progress of international trade，the World Trade Organization(WTO)was formed.
为帮助控制这样的问题和促进国际贸易平稳发展，世界贸易组织(WTO)成立了。
(1)control vt.控制；管理
Control yourself；don't get angry.
你要克制自己，不要发火。
Who controls the factory?
谁管理这个工厂？
control n．控制；支配；管理；调节；抑制
have control of/over 有……控制权
in control of 控制；负责
in the control of 被……控制/管理
under control 在控制中；得到控制
under the control of 在……控制/支配之下
out of control 不受控制/支配
lose control (of) 失去(对……的)控制
beyond/outside sb's control 无法/不受某人的控制
take/gain control (of) 得到/取得(对……的)控制
She's a good teacher who has control of her class.
她是个优秀的教师，能够管理好课堂纪律。
He was in control of the car.他负责这辆小汽车。
The fire got out of control.火势变得无法控制。
完成句子
①A new advance has been made (在控制……方面)malaria.
②I was so furious that I (不能控制自己)and I hit him.
【答案】 ①in control of ②couldn't control myself
(2)smooth v．使光滑；使平滑；把……弄平；变平静；变缓和；使(脸部表情)平和下来；引申为“消除困难、障碍”等。
She smoothed her dress with an electric iron.
她用电熨斗烫平她的连衣裙。
Things have smoothed down.事情已经缓和下来。
(1)smooth down 弄平整；弄平坦
smooth away 摆脱(困难)；排除(困难)
smooth out (用手)弄平；把……弄平整
smooth over 缓和；调解(困难等)
(2)smooth adj. 平滑的；平坦的；平静的；(事情)进行顺利的；(性情等)平和的
That road is smooth.那是一条平坦的路。
The old man has a smooth temper.老人性格温和。
完成句子
③几个组之间的所有分歧很快消除了。
Any differences between groups were soon ．
④她和争执双方谈话，试图进行调解。
She spoke to both sides in the dispute in an attempt to things ．
【答案】 ③smoothed away ④smooth；over
7．alone adj.独自的；单独的adv.独自；单独；仅仅
(教材P63)In 2005 alone，film companies in Hollywood lost around$3 to $4 billion because of illegal copying and downloading from the Internet.
仅2005年一年中，由于非法复制和网络非法下载，好莱坞的电影公司就损失了大约30至40亿美元。
(1)用作形容词时，一般作表语。
He is alone.他独自一人。
We are not alone in thinking that he is a cheat.
不仅是我们认为他是骗子。
(2)用作副词时，除表示“独自”外，还可表示“仅仅”，注意要放在有关的词语之后。
He alone can do it.只有他才做得了。
He wants to be alone with her.他想同她单独在一起。
(3)可用all，much，very much等修饰。
He is all/much/very much alone.
他孤身一人。
(4)按传统英语alone通常表示客观上的一个人或没有外人，一般不表示主观上的“孤寂”，但在现代英语中，alone有时也可表示此意。lonely另有“荒凉的”意思。
He felt terribly alone when Jane left.
简离开后他感到很寂寞。
选词填空(alone/lonely)
①He has so few friends that his life is ．
②She spends more and more time in her room.
【答案】 ①lonely ②alone
8．challenge n. 用作名词，意为“挑战；邀请比赛；艰巨的事；指责”vt.用作动词，意为“向……挑战；对……提出异议；怀疑；反对；需要；刺激；激发”
(教材P63)At present，pirated music and software are a serious challenge to the music and software industries.
目前，盗版音乐和软件给音乐和软件这两个产业带来了严重的挑战。
To build a road in the mountainous area was a real challenge.在山区修筑公路的确是件艰巨的事。
challenge sb.to (do) sth.向某人挑战(做)某事
face/meet/(rise to) challenge 迎接挑战
I challenged him to show his proof.我要他拿出证据。
He challenged my view on that matter.
他就我对那件事的看法提出异议。
完成句子
①那个新职位激发他在业余时间更加努力学习。
The new position still harder during his spare time.
②更新传统观念以迎接挑战。
Traditional values are redefined to ．
【答案】 ①challenged him to study
②meet challenges
如何写评论性文章
英语的评论性文章的内容大多为对关于社会现象、热点时事等的英语写作，通常可以分三段来操作。第一段可以剖析这个社会现象产生的原因(可以从客观和主观两方面去探索)。客观方面主要就是政府教育和法律实施。主观方面主要就是谈人们的主观认识的欠缺。
第二段中，往往分析此类社会现象的危害性。可以多点表达，分别对社会、对他人，最后可以谈到对当事人的危害。在表达的时候要注意连接词的使用，使文章连贯，逻辑性强。
在尾段中，要谈自己对这种社会现象的认识和建议。 在建议这方面，可以针对第一段中所分析的原因，分别从政府、社会等客观层面和人们主观方面来给出建议。
由于电脑的普及，使用盗版软件、电影和音乐等的现象变得很普遍。请结合下面三点，写一篇100词左右的英语作文。
1．盗版已对社会产生了不良影响：影响竞争，破坏市场秩序，阻碍创新；
2．盗版泛滥的原因：唯利是图，缺乏法律，缺乏教育；
3．如何制止盗版软件。
第1步
思路——分析透彻是前提
本篇作文可以从以下几个方面入手：首先介绍盗版的影响，然后分析盗版泛滥的原因。最后提出制止盗版的建议与方法。
第2步
词汇——必用词汇是关键
1．影响
2．阻止……做……
3．利润
4．落在后面
5．采取措施
6．惩罚
【答案】 1.affect/have an effect/influence/impact on 2.prevent/stop/discourage/keep...from doing 3.profit 4.fall behind 5.take action/steps/measures 6.punish
第3步
句式——熟练翻译是根本
1.现在随着计算机数量的不断增长，盗版成为一个很棘手的问题。
These days， ，piracy has become a tough problem.
2．更糟糕的是，它阻止人们创造一些新的东西。
Worse still，it people creating new things.
3．人们没有意识到盗版软件带给市场的危害，并且喜欢去购买。
which pirated software would bring to the market and they like to buy it.
4．只有用这种方式，这个问题才能得以控制。
in this way be brought under control.
【答案】 1.with an increasing number of computers 2.discourages；from 3.People are not aware of the harm 4.Only；will it
第4步
成文——连句成篇是目的
【参考范文】
These days, with an increasing number of computers, piracy has become a tough problem.Worse still, it discourages people from creating new things.
The reasons why pirated software has run wild are as follows.First，there is a huge profit behind it.Second, there is no very strict law to control the pirated software.People are not aware of the harm which pirated software would bring to the market and they like to buy it.In my opinion, our government should take strong action.To begin with, a law has to be worked out, and those who produce and sell pirated software have to be severely punished.Only in this way will it be brought under control.
课件57张PPT。Unit 4 Law and orderSection Ⅳ Task & Project234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556点击右图进入…Thank you for watching !核心要点回扣
Ⅰ.重点单词
根据词性和汉语提示写出下列单词及派生词
1． n．理论→ adj.理论的
2 vt.删去；删除→ n．删除；删除的部分
3． n．犯罪；冒犯→ adj.冒犯的；极其讨厌的
4． v．憎恶→ n．仇恨
5． vt.评估；估算→ n．估量；评定
6． adj.时机成熟的；适宜的；熟的→ vt.使成熟
7． vt.& vi.商定；谈判→ n．协商；谈判
8． v．仔细考虑；认为→ adj.体贴的；为他人着想的
9． vt.使顺利；使光滑→ adv.平滑地
【答案】 1.theory；theoretical 2.delete；deletion 3.offence；offensive 4.hate；hatred 5.assess；assessment 6.ripe；ripen 7.negotiate；negotiation 8.consider；considerate 9.smooth；smoothly
Ⅱ.重点短语
1． 又；也
2． 与……相联系；与……有关
3． 最后；终于
4． 强行闯入
5． 跟上
6． keep down
7． at all times
8． put into effect
9． pay back
10． for example
【答案】 1.as well 2.relate to 3.in the end
4．break into 5.keep up with... 6.控制；抑制(某物以防止其增长) 7.总是 8.使生效；实施 9.偿还；回报 10.例如；举例来说
Ⅲ.重点句式
根据所给提示补全下列教材原句
1．A survey conducted in 2012 by the Computer Security Institute，a private organization in the USA，showed that 45.6 per cent of the 351 biggest companies and government agencies had (它们的安全系统崩溃) in the previous year.
2． (考虑到那么糟糕的情况) with cybercrime against companies has become，many people wonder why so little is known about this.
3．They may interview people as well to find out (如果有人看到怀疑的东西) or was a witness to the crime.
4．How do you know it was me？It (可能是其他任何人)．
【答案】 1.had their security systems broken into 2.Considering how bad the situation 3.if anyone saw something suspicious 4.could have been anyone
课件8张PPT。Unit 4 Law and order单元尾 核心要点回扣234567Thank you for watching !课时分层作业(十)
[语言知识练习固基础]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Successful (申请人)will be notified by telephone.
2．We tried to (评估)his suitability for the job.
3．The reports are treated as strictly (机密的)．
4．The airline is (谈判)a new contract with the union.
5．Some people have a (仇恨)of anything new.
6．I showed David a (草稿)of the letter and he suggested a few changes.
7．Several names had been (删除)from the list.
8．We have all your details on (档案)．
9．The explosion was caused by a gas (裂缝)in the main line.
10．Police (怀疑)that she had some connection with the robbery.
【答案】 1.applicants 2.assess 3.confidential 4.negotiating 5.hatred 6.draft 7.deleted
8．file 9.leak 10.suspected
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The (expand) of the factory will mean the employment of sixty extra workers.
2．They were (face) with the burning threat of war.
3．All those who are immediately (involve) will be informed of the decision.
4．He behaves himself so as not to give (offend) to others.
5．We think all these are closely (relate) questions.
6．I caught up with the other students the end.
7．He conducted (him) far better than expected.
8．I wasn't thinking about it like that.I've never even considered (try) to change anything.
9．She said nothing (regard) your request.
10．The job (apply) claimed he had a college degree.
【答案】 1.expansion 2.faced 3.involved
4．offence 5.related 6.in 7.himself 8.trying
9．regarding 10.applicant
[高考题型练习提能力]
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Salvador Dali (1904-1989)was one of the most popular of modern artists.The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings，sculptures，drawings and more.Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces，most importantly The Persistence of Memory.There is also L'Enigme sans Fin from 1938，works on paper，objects，and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist's showman qualities.
The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning，the world of birth.The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.
The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities(无限)．“From the infinity small to the infinity large，contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus：amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueras，”explains the Pompidou Centre.
The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration(合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid，Spain，and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St.Petersburg，Florida.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了巴黎蓬皮杜艺术中心展览了萨尔瓦多·达利众多的艺术展品，以帮助人们了解萨尔瓦多·达利的作品风格。
1．Which of the following best describes Dali according to Paragraph 1?
A．Optimistic. B．Productive.
C．Generous. D．Traditional.
【解析】 推理判断题。由第一段中的 The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings，sculptures，drawings and more.可知，巴黎蓬皮杜艺术中心的展览汇集了达利200多件油画、雕塑、绘画等作品，由此可以推断出他是一个多产的(productive)艺术家。对于他的“乐观”、“慷慨”和“传统”，文中没有信息句支持。故选项B正确。
【答案】 B
2．What is Dali's The Persistence of Memory considered to be?
A．One of his masterworks.
B．A successful screen adaptation.
C．An artistic creation for the stage.
D．One of the best TV programmes.
【解析】 细节理解题。由第一段中的Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces，most importantly The Persistence of Memory.可知，The Persistence of Memory是达利最优秀的作品之一，即杰作之一。故选项A正确。根据第一段最后一句．..works on paper，objects，and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist's showman qualities.可知是其他作品与 stage，screen，television programmes有关，而不是 The Persistence of Memory这部作品，故排除B、C、D三项。
【答案】 A
3．How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali?
A．By popularity. B．By importance.
C．By size and shape. D．By time and subject.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.可知，达利的作品展览是按照时间和主题组织的。对于按照“流行度”“重要性”“尺寸和形状”等这样的形式，文中并无信息支持。故选项D正确。
【答案】 D
4．What does the word “contributions”in the last paragraph refer to?
A．Artworks. B．Projects.
C．Donations. D．Documents.
【解析】 词义猜测题。最后一段强调了对主要作品进行了精选(the fine selection of the major works)，又点明contributions来自其他机构，所以可推断出 contributions 应该属于 works 的范畴。故选项A正确。
【答案】 A
B
Agatha Christie said she never knew where the ideas for a new novel would spring from：“Plots come to me at such moments, when I am walking along the street，or examining a hat shop... suddenly a splendid idea comes into my head.”Christie's inspiration came from the world she knew.As a natural observer, her descriptions are often accurate.Her grandson, Mathew Prichard, has described her as“a person who listened more than she talked, who saw more than she was seen”．
Historian C．V.Wedgwood wrote of Christie：“Her social settings, her characters and her dialogue are always accurately observed.There is no better all-round (全面的) craftsman in the field.”She made notes in dozens of notebooks on potential plots and characters as they came to her.Christie spent her time working out all the details and clues in her head before putting pen to paper.Her son-in-law, Anthony Hicks，once said，“You never-saw her writing.She never shut herself away，like other writers do.”
It was often the most everyday events and casual observations that formed a new plot.Her second book The Secret Adversary came from a conversation overheard in a tea shop.A theatre trip to see the actress Ruth Draper led her to write Lord Edgware Dies. Murder on the Links was written because of a newspaper article about a suspicious death in France.A Caribbean Mystery was published in 1964.The Caribbean island was beautifully described and was probably based on St.Lucia，an island Christie had visited on holiday.
Agatha was also an avid reader(酷爱阅读的人)in her youth and throughout her adult life.She quoted much literature in her own writings.Her library ranged from Charles Dickens to P．G.Wodehouse, and Lewis Carroll to William Shakespeare.
5．What can we know about Agatha Christie?
A．She was a talkative woman.
B．She closed herself in a room to write.
C．She was good at observing things.
D．She had a poor memory.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段As a natural observer，第三段的casual observations可知阿加莎·克里斯蒂善于观察事物。
【答案】 C
6．The underlined sentence in Para.2 implies Wedgwood ．
A．didn't like Christie's writing style
B．didn't think Christie was a great writer
C．thought highly of Christie
D．learned a lot from Christie's spirit
【解析】 句意理解题。本句所在段落旨在赞扬阿加莎·克里斯蒂的文学造诣。本句意思是“她在这一领域(文学写作)堪称大师”。
【答案】 C
7．Which book's source came from a theatre trip?
A．The Secret Adversary.
B．Lord Edgware Dies.
C．Murder on the Links.
D．A Caribbean Mystery.
【解析】 细节理解题。从文章第三段A theatre trip to see the actress Ruth Draper led her to write Lord Edgware Dies可知。
【答案】 B
8．The passage is mainly about ．
A．Agatha Christie's attitude towards life
B．Agatha Christie's achievements
C．what historians think of Christie
D．how Agatha Christie wrote
【解析】 主旨大意题。阿加莎·克里斯蒂用对日常生活的细节观察入微所碰撞出灵感的火花以及引用文学大师的作品来写作。故本文着重描写了她是如何创作的。
【答案】 D
Ⅳ.翻译句子
1．近年来因特网迅速扩张，犯罪的机会也同样随之增加。(as well)
2．它定义了同侵犯知识产权和违反版权法相关的犯罪行为。(relate to)
3．你能想出可以使用这个单词的语境吗？(where引导的定语从句)
4．许多人的家园在这场暴雨中被毁了(have sth.done)．
【答案】 1.As the Internet has expanded in recent years，the opportunities for crime have increased as well.
2．It identifies those offences relating to breaking intellectual property and copyright laws.
3．Can you think of a situation where the word can be used?
4．Many people had their houses damaged in the storm.
Ⅴ.语法填空
I was in the ninth year when I began to suffer depression. My parents noticed but felt that since I'd always been 1. good child, this was temporary.
2． (fortunately), it was not to be so. I didn't have friends. Hardly could I share my problems.Deep worry began to destroy my 3. (confident). Finally I refused to attend classes, 4. (shut) myself in my room for hours.
The examination was approaching, but I simply didn't care.My parents and teachers were surprised 5. my bad performance. One morning, after a particularly severe lecture from my father, I stood at the school gate，6. (depress). Then as the other students marched to their classrooms, our headmaster called me. The next forty-five minutes was one of 7. (precious) moments in my life. She said she 8. (notice) a big change in me and wondered why. At first she took my hands in 9. (she) and listened patiently as I mentioned my worries. Then she hugged me as I wept. Months of frustration and loneliness disappeared in her motherly hug.
No one had tried to understand what the real problem was except the headmaster, 10. helped me out simply by listening and hugging.
【答案】 1.a 2.Unfortunately 3.confidence
4．shutting 5.at 6.depressed 7.the most precious 8.had noticed 9.hers 10.who
课时分层作业(十一)
[语言知识练习固基础]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The serious accident (涉及)9 cars and 2 trucks.
2．We think all these are closely (和……有关)questions.
3．He was (指控)with robbery.
4．He is serving a three-year (徒刑)for burglary.
5．All the people came here at the (要求)of him.
6．He is held (对……负责的)for the accident.
7．They (搜索)the whole forest for the lost boy.
8．The past ten years has (见证)the great changes in the village.
9．What he said (证明是)right.
10．It was very (体贴的)of you to help me with the job.
【答案】 1.involved 2.related 3.charged
4．sentence 5.request 6.responsible 7.searched
8．witnessed 9.proved 10.considerate
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．He anxiously searched his name on the list.
2．The old man can hardly bear up to his family (responsible) any more.
3．My old clothes are witness to my poverty.
4．The police are going to charge him murder.
5．They made a request that the prisoners (set) free.
6．The rule is that someone must be on duty all times.
7． your request, I will call on your neighbours.
8．The patient is in charge of that doctor.
9．The police are responsible the enforcement of the law.
10．They started off at once in search the missing girl.
【答案】 1.for 2.responsibility 3.a 4.with
5．(should) be set 6.at 7.At 8.the 9.for 10.of
[高考题型练习提能力]
Ⅲ.阅读理解
“I see you've got a bit of water on your coat，”said the man at the petrol station.“Is it raining out there？”“No，it's pretty nice，” I replied，checking my sleeve.“Oh，right.A pony(马驹)bit me earlier.”
As it happened，the bite was virtually painless：more the kind of small bite you might get from a naughty child.The pony responsible was queuing up for some ice cream in the car park near Haytor，and perhaps thought I'd jumped in ahead of him.
The reason why the ponies here are naughty is that Haytor is a tourist-heavy area and tourists are constantly feeding the ponies foods，despite signs asking them not to.By feeding the ponies，tourists increase the risk of them getting hit by a car，and make them harder to gather during the area's annual pony drift(迁移)．
The purpose of a pony drift is to gather them up so their health can be checked，the baby ones can be stopped from feeding on their mothers' milk，and those who've gone beyond their limited area can be returned to their correct area.Some of them are also later sold，in order to limit the number of ponies according to the rules set by Natural England.
Three weeks ago，I witnessed a small near-disaster a few miles west of here.While walking，I noticed a pony roll over on his back.“Hello！”I said to him，assuming he was just rolling for fun，but he was very still and，as I got closer，I saw him kicking his legs in the air and breathing heavily.I began to properly worry about him.Fortunately，I managed to get in touch with a Dartmoor's Livestock Protection officer and send her a photo.The officer immediately sent a local farmer out to check on the pony.The pony had actually been trapped between two rocks.The farmer freed him，and he began to run happily around again.
Dartmoor has 1，000 or so ponies，who play a critical role in creating the diversity of species in this area.Many people are working hard to preserve these ponies，and trying to come up with plans to find a sustainable(可持续的)future for one of Dartmoor's most financially-troubled elements.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者由自己被马驹“咬”说起，谈到了人们应该怎样和马驹和平共处以及人们为了保持生态平衡所做的努力等。
1．Why are tourists asked not to feed the ponies?
A．To protect the tourists from being bitten.
B．To keep the ponies off the petrol station.
C．To avoid putting the ponies in danger.
D．To prevent the ponies from fighting.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段的第二句By feeding the ponies，tourists increase the risk of them getting hit by a car，and make them harder to gather...可知，游客随意给马驹喂食会让它们面临被车撞的危险，而且会让马驹们很难聚集到一起，所以选择C项。禁止喂马驹是从保护马驹的角度出发，而不是从保护游客的角度出发，由此可以排除A项；B项是对第一段第一句中的said the man at the petrol station的语意转移；文章中并没有提及马驹打架，由此可以排除D项。
【答案】 C
2．One of the purposes of the annual pony drift is ．
A．to feed baby ponies on milk
B．to control the number of ponies
C．to expand the habitat for ponies
D．to sell the ponies at a good price
【解析】 细节理解题。文章的第四段介绍了马驹迁移的几个目的。根据第四段第一句可知是为了让一部分马驹断奶，并且把一部分“越界”的马驹送回原地，由此可以排除A项和C项。根据第四段第二句可知确实有一部分马驹被卖掉，但那是为了维持数量上的平衡，而不是为了卖高价，所以选择B项，排除D项。
【答案】 B
3．What was the author's first reaction when he saw a pony roll on its back?
A．He freed it from the trap.
B．He called a protection officer.
C．He worried about it very much.
D．He thought of it as being naughty.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的assuming he was just rolling for fun可知，作者看到那匹马驹打滚的时候，一开始以为它只是顽皮，自己找乐，所以选择D项。在作者走近，看到这匹马驹向空中踢腿而且喘粗气的情景时，作者开始担心并与保护中心的一位官员取得了联系，所以排除B项和C项；根据本段的最后一句The farmer freed him...可知，是请来的农民解救了马驹，而不是作者，由此可以排除A项。
【答案】 D
4．What does the author imply about the preservation of Dartmoor's ponies?
A．It lacks people's involvement.
B．It costs a large amount of money.
C．It will affect tourism in Dartmoor.
D．It has caused an imbalance of species.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句中的plans to find a sustainable(可持续的)future for one of Dartmoor's most financially-troubled elements可知，虽然人们在齐心协力地找解决问题的方法，但是这项大的工程确实会因为经济上的困窘而有阻力，所以选择B项。根据最后一段第二句的many people可知，很多人参与到这项活动中来，由此可以排除A项；既然是可持续发展，就不会影响旅游业，也不会造成物种失衡，由此可以排除C项和D项。
【答案】 B
Ⅳ.完形填空
I was on a flight to New York. The first half of the hour-long flight was joyful. We were 1 a sandwich and a drink for breakfast.Ten minutes later, we 2 into a huge thunderstorm.
Suddenly, daylight 3 night, and lightning flashed from all the 4 ．People got frightened as the plane shook violently.Bags, 5 gifts, and clothing fell from overhead lockers. Sandwich plates flew through the air, and half-finished 6 fell onto passengers' heads. People screamed and 7 ．
The airplane began to dive. From my 8 in the back, I could see into the cockpit(驾驶舱) down the aisle (通道) . We were falling 9 . People's shouts and the noise of the plane suddenly went 10 .
My mother was no longer by my side, 11 I was no longer in the plane.I was still trapped into my seat, at a(n) 12 of about 10，000 feet.I was alone.And I was falling.The seat belt 13 my body was so tight that I couldn't breathe.Before I felt fear, I lost consciousness(意识).
14 I came to life, I found myself on all fours in a jungle.
I felt 15 I was still alive. I decided to try my best to get out of here. So I didn't give up. I kept moving until it got dark.
The next morning, I 16 and still no one had turned up.I no longer had the 17 to struggle to my feet because of hunger. But I told myself I couldn't stop moving.
At dawn I heard voices.I was imagining them, I thought. But the voices 18 closer. Three men came across me. When they saw me, they stopped in 19 .
“I'm a girl who was in a crash，” I said in Spanish.“My name is Julianne.”
The three men delivered me to safety. You see nothing is impossible if you 20 trying.
【语篇解读】 作者在一起空难中奇迹生还，作者想告诉我们的是，任何情况下，只要不放弃，没有什么是不可能的。作者乘坐飞机前往纽约，在飞行约一小时后，飞机进入了一个巨大的暴风雨区，白天一下子变成黑夜，四处都是闪电，飞机在剧烈地摇晃。作者脱离了正在迅速掉落的飞机，最后幸运地掉在了丛林里。
1．A.added B．attended
C．showed D．served
【解析】 考查动词辨析。A增加，补充；B参加，照顾；C展示，表明；D服务，招待，上(菜)。We were a sandwich and a drink for breakfast.“我们”在吃早餐，早餐提供的是三明治和饮料，故选D。
【答案】 D
2．A.slid B．happened
C．flew D．broke
【解析】 考查动词辨析。A滑动；B发生；C飞；D打破。根据“I was on a flight to New York.”可知作者乘坐的是飞机，飞机飞入了雷电交加的对流层，故选C。
【答案】 C
3．A.took to B．got to
C．turned to D．contributed to
【解析】 考查动词短语。A喜爱，养成；B到达；C转向，变成，求助于；D贡献，有助于。Suddenly, daylight night，顷刻间，白昼变成黑夜，故选C。
【答案】 C
4．A.directions B．ways
C．sides D．points
【解析】 考查名词辨析。A方向，说明；B方法；C方面；D分数，意义。lightning flashed from all the ．四面八方都是闪电，from all the directions从四面八方，故选A。
【答案】 A
5．A.packed B．designed
C．decorated D．tidied
【解析】 考查形容词辨析。A打包的，包裹的；B设计的；C装饰的；D整齐的。Bags, gifts, and clothing fell from overhead lockers.包、包装好的礼物、衣服从头顶的储物架上掉下来，故选A。
【答案】 A
6．A.coffee B．drink
C．water D．juice
【解析】 考查名词辨析。A咖啡；B饮料；C水；D果汁。根据第一段“a sandwich and a drink for breakfast”可知，早餐吃的三明治和饮料，盛放三明治的盘子在空中乱飞，饮料洒到乘客头上，故选B。
【答案】 B
7．A.spoke B．whispered
C．cried D．laughed
【解析】 考查动词辨析。A说话，讲话；B低语；C叫喊；D大笑。People screamed and ．由于飞机颠簸得厉害，机舱里充满了乘客的叫喊声，故选C。
【答案】 C
8．A.seat B．floor
C．chair D．sofa
【解析】 考查名词辨析。A座位；B地板；C椅子；D沙发。根据“I could see into the cockpit(驾驶舱)”可知，作者当时坐在后排，从作者的座位能看到飞机的驾驶舱，说明飞机正在头朝下掉，故选A。
【答案】 A
9．A.down B．away
C．back D．fast
【解析】 考查副词辨析。A向下；B离开；C向后；D迅速地。We were falling ．飞机正在迅速往下掉，故选D。
【答案】 D
10．A.quick B．flat
C．silent D．black
【解析】 考查形容词辨析。A迅速的；B平的，浅的；C寂静的；D黑色的。根据下段“My mother was no longer by my side...I was no longer in the plane...I was alone.”可知，作者与飞机脱离了，作者仍然在快速地降落，由此可知，作者听不到人们的叫喊声了，四周变得寂静，故选C。
【答案】 C
11．A.so B．and
C．for D．or
【解析】 考查并列连词。A因此；B和；C因为；D或者。My mother was no longer by my side, I was no longer in the plane.妈妈不在作者身边，并且，作者没有在飞机上，这里是并列关系，故选B。
【答案】 B
12．A.base B．area
C．altitude D．air
【解析】 考查名词辨析。A基础，底部；B地区，区域；C海拔，高度；D空气。at a(n) of about 10，000 feet作者当时在海拔约一万英尺的高空，故选C。
【答案】 C
13．A.around B．on
C．above D．by
【解析】 考查介词辨析。A围绕，在附近，在周围；B在……上面；C在……上方；D通过。The seat belt my body was so tight系在作者身上的安全带太紧了，故选A。
【答案】 A
14．A.While B．When
C．Until D．Since
【解析】 考查状语从句。A在……期间；B当……时；C直到；D因为。 I came to life, I found myself on all fours in a jungle.当作者醒来时，作者发现自己四脚朝天掉落在丛林里。when后跟短动作或长动作，这里的“醒来”是短暂的动作，故选B。
【答案】 B
15．A.cautious B．positive
C．curious D．lucky
【解析】 考查形容词辨析。A小心的；B积极的；C好奇的；D幸运的。I was still alive因为自己还活着，作者感到自己是幸运的，故选D。
【答案】 D
16．A.stood B．rose
C．sat D．woke
【解析】 考查动词辨析。A站立；B上升，站起来；C坐下；D醒来。The next morning, I and still no one had turned up.作者第二天醒来时，身边还是没有人出现过，故选D。
【答案】 D
17．A.power B．strength
C．force D．energy
【解析】 考查名词辨析。A电力，权力，能力；B体力，力量，优点；C暴力，力量，自然力；D能量。根据“because of hunger”可知，由于饥饿，作者已经无力走动，故选B。
【答案】 B
18．A.took B．grew
C．tried D．got
【解析】 考查动词辨析。A带走，花费；B生长，长成；C尝试，努力；D得到，变得。But the voices closer.根据下句可知，三个人的声音变得越来越近了，故选D。
【答案】 D
19．A.fright B．shock
C．wonder D．amusement
【解析】 考查名词辨析。A恐惧；B震惊；C怀疑；D娱乐，消遣。When they saw me, they stopped in.三个人站在那里，惊讶地看着作者。根据后文可知，他们把作者转移到安全地带，说明他们并不害怕作者。排除A，故选B。
【答案】 B
20．A.make B．keep
C．stay D．bear
【解析】 考查动词辨析。A使，做，制作；B保持，保留，继续，一直；C待在，保持；D忍受，承担。You see nothing is impossible if you trying.事实证明，只要你不断地努力，一切都是有可能的(这里指作者得救)。keep doing sth.一直做某事，故选B。
【答案】 B
Ⅴ.短文改错
I together with my two friends, were eating dinner at a Chinese restaurant, locating in the center of New York. I noticed the young woman eating with two kids. We stopped by and I asked the kids if he believed in Santa. The elder boy, whom was about seven years old, pointed his younger sister and said, “She does, but I don't.” I told them Santa was real and as we were paying for our dinner, I paid for theirs, either. I didn't know that whether the woman was alone, but I grow up with my mother supporting us four kids alone. I still feel good thinking I may have helped on some small ways.
【答案】
I together with my two friends, eating dinner at a Chinese restaurant, in the center of New York.I noticed young woman eating with two kids. We stopped by and I asked the kids if believed in Santa.The elder boy, was bout seven years old, pointed his younger sister and said, “She does, but I don't.”I told them Santa was real and as we were paying for our dinner, I paid for theirs, . I didn't know whether the woman was alone, but I up with my mother supporting us four kids alone. I still feel good thinking I may have helped some small ways.
课时分层作业(十二)
[语言知识练习固基础]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He makes a rough (草稿) of the new design.
2．These fish are often eaten (生的)．
3．She was noisily (吮吸) up milk through a straw.
4．Nothing can (补偿)for the loss of time.
5．Japan (进口)wood from Canada.
6．You should (检查)the car well before you buy it.
7．You are only allowed to take one piece of hand (行李)onto a plane.
8．A self-centered person will never be (体贴的)to others.
9．The accident made him (瘸的)in the left leg.
10．I put the money back in the (钱包)．
【答案】 1.draft 2.raw 3.sucking
4．compensate 5.imports 6.inspect 7.luggage
8．considerate 9.lame 10.purse
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．He could (finish) it on schedule, but somehow he fell behind.
2．His hard work paid when he got the promotion.
3．They spent the whole day (wander) about seeing the sights.
4．The book you recommended to me yesterday deserves (read)．
5．The book will be (value) to me in my work.
6．I quite agree with you that he needs (far) training.
7．Exploring outer space is challenge to mankind.
8．She smoothed a wrinkled tablecloth.
9．Our company is control of six factories throughout China.
10．He didn't spend much time his homework.
【答案】 1.have finished 2.off 3.wandering
4．reading/to be read 5.valuable 6.further 7.a 8.down 9.in 10.on
[高考题型练习提能力]
Ⅲ.阅读理解
University Room Regulations
Approved and Prohibited Items
The following items are approved for use in residential (住宿的) rooms: electric blankets, hair dryers, personal computers, radios, televisions and DVD players. Items that are not allowed in student rooms include: candles, ceiling fans, fireworks, waterbeds, sun lamps and wireless routers. Please note that any prohibited items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life.
Access to Residential Rooms
Students are provided with a combination (组合密码) for their room door locks upon check-in. Do not share your room door lock combination with anyone. The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others. The fee is D|S25 to change a room combination.
Cooking Policy
Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen. Students must clean up after cooking. This is not the responsibility of housekeeping staff. Kitchens that are not kept clean may be closed for use. With the exception of using a small microwave oven (微波炉) to heat food, students are not permitted to cook in their rooms.
Pet Policy
No pets except fish are permitted in student rooms. Students who are found with pets, whether visiting or owned by the student，are subject to an initial fine of D|S100 and a continuing fine of D|S50 a day per pet. Students receive written notice when the fine goes into effect. If, one week from the date of written notice, the pet is not removed, the student is referred to the Student Court.
Quiet Hours
Residential buildings must maintain an atmosphere that supports the academic mission of the University. Minimum quiet hours in all campus residences are 11：00 pm to 8：00 am Sunday through Thursday. Quiet hours on Friday and Saturday nights are 1：00 am to 8：00 am. Students who violate quiet hours are subject to a fine of D|S25.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大学生宿舍的一些管理规定，如哪些物品可以在宿舍里使用，哪些物品禁止在宿舍里使用；利用组合密码进入宿舍；只能在宿舍厨房里做饭；除了鱼之外，其余的宠物不能在宿舍里养；宿舍安静时间的安排。
1．Which of the following items are allowed in student rooms?
A．Ceiling fans and waterbeds.
B．Wireless routers and radios.
C．Hair dryers and candles.
D．TVs and electric blankets.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句The following items are approved for use... electric blankets...televisions and DVD players.可知，D项所述的“电视和电热毯”是可以在宿舍里使用的物品。根据第一段的第二句Items that are not allowed in...可知，蜡烛、吊扇、水床、无线路由器等是不能在宿舍里使用的物品，故A项“吊扇和水床”、B项中的“无线路由器”以及C项中的“蜡烛”都不符合题干要求。
【答案】 D
2．What if a student is found to have told his combination to others?
A．The combination should be changed.
B．The Office should be charged.
C．He should replace the door lock.
D．He should check out of the room.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段的第三句话可知“如果发现某个学生把组合密码告诉他人，宿舍管理处会随时更换门锁的密码，费用由该学生支付”，由此可以得知，A项“组合密码应被更换”符合题干要求。B项“宿舍管理处会被起诉”在文中未提及；是由宿舍管理处更换门锁密码，而不是由泄露组合密码的学生更换门锁，故C项错误；文中没有提到泄露组合密码的学生应该搬离宿舍，故D项错误。
【答案】 A
3．What do we know about the cooking policy?
A．A microwave oven can be used.
B．Cooking in student rooms is permitted.
C．A housekeeper is to clean up the kitchen.
D．Students are to close kitchen doors after
cooking.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句With the exception of using a small microwave oven to heat food, students are not permitted to cook in their rooms.可知，学生在宿舍里可以使用小型微波炉加热食物，故A项所述正确。根据第三段的第一句可知，学生只能在宿舍厨房里做饭，故B项“学生宿舍里允许做饭”表述错误；根据第三段的第二和第三句话可以得知，学生做完饭后必须自行清理垃圾，这不是后勤员工的责任，故C项所述错误；D项“学生做完饭后应该关上厨房的门”在文中未提及，故排除。
【答案】 A
4．If a student has kept a cat in his room for a week since the warning, he will face ．
A．parent visits B．a fine of D|S100
C．the Student Court D．a written notice
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句可知，如果收到书面通知后一周宠物还未被带离宿舍，则该生要被送交学生法庭处理，故C项符合题干要求。A项“请家长”在文中未提及；B项“罚款100美元”是最初发现带宠物进宿舍时对学生的惩罚；D项“书面通知”是罚款生效时出具的内容，故也应排除。
【答案】 C
5．When can students enjoy a party in residences?
A．7：00 am, Sunday.
B．7：30 am, Thursday.
C．11：30 pm, Monday.
D．00：30 am, Saturday.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据末段提到的宿舍作息时间可知，周五、周六凌晨1：00到上午8：00为禁止喧哗时间段，故D项所述“周六凌晨00：30”时学生可以参加聚会狂欢，符合题干要求。根据末段第二句话可知，周日到周四这几天，晚上11：00到第二天上午8：00为禁止喧哗时间段，故A项“周日上午7：00”、B项“周四上午7：30”以及C项“周一晚上11：30”均不适合搞聚会。
【答案】 D
Ⅳ.阅读七选五
Evaluating Sources (来源) of health Information
Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information. Resonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information, how to separate fact from opinion how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources.
1
Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determine whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study. 2
Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behaviour “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. 3 Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.
Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. 4 Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully, and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术)．
5 Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.
Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about the health problems will serve you well throughout your life.
A．Make choices that are right for you.
B．The goal of an ad is to sell you something.
C．Be sure to work through the critical questions.
D．And examine the findings of the original research.
E．Distinguish between research reports and public health advice.
F．Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author's point of view.
G．The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.
【答案】 1—5 GDFBA
Ⅴ.书面表达
近来我国多地雾霾天气不断增多，极大地影响了人们的健康与生活。请你根据提示，用英语写一篇文章，向某英语报社投稿。
提示：1.描述雾霾对生活造成的影响。2.分析雾霾形成的原因。3.提出治理雾霾的建议。
注意：1.上下文连贯，行文流畅。
2．词数100左右 (首句已给出，并不计入总词数)。雾霾天气the hazy weather
Dear Editor，
Recently many places in China were blanketed with thick fog. The Air Quality Index in most parts reached 500.
Yours，
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Editor，
Recently many places in China were blanketed with thick fog. The Air Quality Index in most parts reached 500.Everything around disappeared from our sight. Some highways were closed. More traffic jams and accidents happened.People had to wear masks.What's worse，many people found it difficult to breathe.
The heavy hazy weather in China has been caused by many factors. First, the severely polluted environment contributed a lot to this nightmare. Second, the increase of cars in the city area plays an important role. The cars send off a lot of poisonous gases.
In my opinion, we should call on people to use more public transport. Besides, some factories should be closed down. What's more, we have to do more to raise people's awareness of environmental protection.
Yours，
Li Hua
