人到中年，如果感觉自己的工作不适合自己，想改变自己的职业。那么下列五项事情需要你慎重考虑。
5 Things to Think About Before You Make a Midlife Career Change
Transitioning to a new career can be difficult at any age，but making a midlife career change comes with additional challenges.For many reasons，changing your career when you are in your 40s and 50s is much harder than doing it when you are in your 20s or 30s.When you are middle-aged，you have more responsibilities，like a mortgage and your children's college tuition，to consider.You may be hesitant to risk a stable career for something uncertain.
After spending，at least，a couple of decades in one career，you may have an established reputation.It will be hard to start at the bottom again.Here are five things you should think about before you make a midlife career change.
1．How Much Education and Training Will You Need?
You may have chosen a new career that requires very little retraining.However，if you have chosen a career that requires a whole new skillset，you will probably have to go back to school or undergo some other kind of training.Are you willing to put your energy into it？How long will it be until you can actually start working？When you are in your 20s，or even your 30s，that may not be a big concern，since you have many years ahead of you to work.If you are in your 40s or 50s，you must ask yourself how long you want to keep working.Will you have to spend a great deal of time training for a career that you will only work in for a short time？Will the return on your investment be sufficient?
2．Can You Withstand the Financial Costs of a Career Change?
A career change can be costly.If you have to continue your education，tuition is very expensive.Even if you can afford it，balancing work and school can be difficult.You may have to cut your hours at your job to complete school in a timely fashion.Are you ready for a pay cut？A new career often means starting at the bottom.That could come with a much lower salary than the one you are currently earning.
3．Do You Have Your Family's Support?
Going through a major transition like a midlife career change requires a lot of support from those around you.If your family isn't on board，it will be difficult to succeed in this endeavor.Before you embark on such a big change，talk to your spouse and children.Family members may have to help with household chores.
4．What Is the Typical Age of People Working in the Field You Are Considering?
Some industries are filled with very young workers.The only people even near midlife may be those inmanagement.Will they be willing to hire you for an entry-level position if you are in your 40s or 50s？Sure，age discrimination is illegal，as it should be but that doesn't stop those in charge of hiring from committing it.You wanted to enter a new career，not a battle.Before you move forward，thoroughly investigate the occupation you are considering and the industry or industries that would employ you.Talk to people who work in it to find out if you have a decent chance of getting hired.
5．How Long Will It Take to Become Established in Your Desired Career?
When you begin a new career，your first job will likely be an entry-level one.After doing that for a year or two，you will probably be able to apply for a higher level position.Your prior work experience might help you advance faster than your much younger colleagues who are just starting out，but it may not.Your experience in this new career may be all that counts.It may take quite some time until you are able to do the type of work you wanted to when you made the decision to switch to this career.Ask yourself if you will be satisfied with that.Your answer may depend on how far away you are from the age you want to retire.
1．Why is it difficult to make a midlife career cha-nge?
2．What should you have to do if you have choosen a career that requires a whole new skillset?
【答案】 1.Because there are more responsibilites to consider，like a mortgage and children's college tuition.Besides，after spending a couple of decades in one career，it will be hard to start at the bottom again.
2．I will probably have to go back to school or undergo some other kind of training.
Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading—Preparing
Ⅰ.词义搭配
1．suited A．as the truth or facts of a situation
2．actually B．right or appropriate for a particular person，
purpose，or situation
3．so-called C．a thing that is or may be chosen
4．baggage D．personal belongings packed in suitcases for
travelling；luggage
5．option E．used to show something or someone
that is designated by the name specified
6．zone F．the owner and manager of a shop
7．barber G．an area of land having a particular
purpose，or use to particular restrictions
8．shopkeeper H．a person who cuts men's hair and
shaves their beard as an occupation
【答案】 1.B 2.A 3.E 4.D 5.C 6.G 7.H 8.F
Ⅱ.用下列短语的适当形式填空
be suited to；in reality；deal with；be on a diet；on the other hand；go through；clear up；go about
1．The way in which you'll the task really matters.
2．There are many difficulties to be when starting a new business.
3．I don't think this work beginners.
4．That's the second time today that room has been ．
5．When he was a child，he one hardship after another.
6．Supermodels look so thin because they all the time.
【答案】 1.go about 2.dealt with 3.is suited to
4．cleared up 5.went through 6.are on a diet
Ⅲ.根据提示补全下列教材原句
1．When choosing a career，you should consider all the aspects of a job.
当你选择一个职业时，你应该考虑这个工作的每一方面。
2．In reality，these people have to spend long hours travelling，with all their baggage packed in suitcases or trunks，and only a very small number of them are successful.
实际上，这些人不得不把所有的行李都塞进手提箱或大箱子，花很长时间在路上奔波，而且其中只有极少数是成功的。
3．He was living by a stream in a tent surrounded by technical equipment，and his only neighbours were the birds and squirrels in the nearby trees.
他住在小溪边的帐篷里，四周都是专业的设备，而且他唯一的邻居是附近树丛中的鸟儿和松鼠。
4．For example，if no one was to collect the rubbish，the streets would soon become very dirty，the number of rats would increase，and disease would spread.
例如，如果没人来收垃圾，街道很快会变得非常肮脏，老鼠的数量会增加，疾病会传播。
5．These people，who perform such ordinary but vital tasks，allow others to go about their daily lives.
这些人做着此类平凡却必不可少的工作，使其他人得以继续他们的日常生活。
Ⅰ.阅读P2－3教材原文，并从三个选项中选择最佳答案
1．Choose the proper meaning of the word “reflect” in Line 1.
A．show clearly
B．throw back
C．think carefully
2．According to the text，which job looks dull but is actually very important?
A．A beer taster.
B．A shop assistant.
C．A lawyer.
3．Which of the following sentences expresses the author's negative attitude?
A．These jobs may not seem very attractive，but they are all important.
B．Some ordinary jobs can be quite important.
C．It does not seem that glamorous now，does it?
4．Why do the people with unusual jobs like their jobs so much?
A．Because these jobs will bring them good fame.
B．Because these jobs are of great interest to them.
C．Because these jobs offer them high salaries.
5．It can be inferred from the passage that ．
A．the author is in favor of popular careers
B．the author thinks whatever jobs people hold，they all play a certain part in our society
C．the author thinks ordinary jobs are less important
【答案】 1－5 CBCBB
Ⅱ.阅读P2－3教材原文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的适当形式
The last year of high school is a time for you to think about your future careers 1. graduation.When you choose a job，there are many aspects you should consider.Some jobs may seem dull but are very important to society，2. others can appear exciting but are 3. (actual) very hard and boring.
Some popular professions for young people include careers in law or business.Many people have ambitions 4. (be)a successful lawyer or a business person，but they ignore the stress that these jobs bring them.
On the other hand，some people find 5. (unusual)jobs that are better suited to their talents and interests，such as checking noise pollution in the park zone，6. (taste)beers at a brewery and designing fireworks.
In the same way，many ordinary jobs may not seem attractive but they are necessary to our society，such as shop 7. (assist)，barbers and so on.They perform such ordinary but vital tasks，8. (allow) people to go about their own lives.
In 9. (conclude)，when thinking about your future careers，you should remember that some glamorous jobs can be difficult and some ordinary jobs can be quite important.All of them together，10. ，help society fun_ction.
【答案】 1.after 2.while 3.actually 4.to be 5.more unusual 6.tasting 7.assistants 8．allowing 9.conclusion 10.though
课件29张PPT。Unit 1 Careers and skills23456789101112Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading—Preparing13141516171819202122232425262728Thank you for watching !Section Ⅱ Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points
reflect vt.& vi.反射(光、热、声或影像)；考虑；表达
(教材P2)The last year of high school is a time for hard work and also a time to reflect.
高中最后一年是勤奋学习的时刻，也是认真思考的时刻。
His face was reflected in the mirror.
镜子中映出他的脸。
Does this letter reflect how you really think?
这封信反映你的真实想法吗？
①reflect back 反射回来
reflect...in 通过……反映……；
在……中反射或反映出……
reflect on/upon 反省；考虑
②reflection n. 映象，倒影；深思，考虑；反射；回响
The condition of the house is reflected in its low price.
这所房子的状况可以通过其低廉的价格反映出来。
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)“I reflect on how my day's gone and think about the rest of the week，”he said.
“我回想一下我的一天是怎样过的，并为这周的其余几天作打算”。他说。
A moment's reflection will show you are wrong.
只要略加考虑就可看出你错了。
完成句子
①我需要时间来思考你的建议。
I need some time to your suggestion.
②大海反射出明亮的阳光。
The sea the bright sunlight.
③军事力量的均势的变化也在国际金融界得到了反映。
The shift in the balance of forces international finance，too.
【答案】 ①reflect on/upon ②reflects back ③is reflected in
(教材P2)When choosing a career，you should consider all the aspects of a job.
当你选择一个职业时，你应该考虑这个工作的每一方面。
【要点提炼】 when choosing为“连词＋分词”结构，这个结构补充完整应该为when you are choosing，在状语从句中，如果主从句主语一致或从句主语是it，并且从句的谓语动词有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。
When crossing the road，you should be careful.
过马路的时候，你要小心点。
Once bitten by a snake，one should be taken to hospital immediately.
一旦被蛇咬，就应当立刻被送往医院。
完成句子
①过街时注意车辆。
Look out for vehicles ．
②有人问她时，她说她将要退休。
，she said that she was going to retire.
【答案】 ①when crossing the street ②When asked
suited adj.合适；适当
(教材P2)In this article，I am going to discuss some of the choices available to you and which jobs are best suited to you：popular careers，more unusual jobs or everyday jobs.
在本文中，我将谈论一些你可以选择的工作以及你更适合做热门工作、特殊工作还是普通工作这个问题。
Jim and Mary seem suited to each other，in spite of their quarrels.
吉姆和玛丽虽然常争吵，可两人看起来很相配。
He was not really suited for army life.
他不太适合军队生活。
be suited to/for 适合……；对……来说适合
be suited to do sth. 适合做某事
suit v. 适合于(某人)；使满意
n. 一套衣服
suit...to... 使……与……相适合
The man is not suited to be a teacher.＝The man is not suited for/to teaching.
这个人不适合教书。
These styles can be adapted to suit individual tastes.
这些式样可以加以更改，以适合个人的喜好。
用suit的适当形式填空
①The program is not for children.
②The piece of cloth will cut up into three ．
③A good teacher his lessons to the age of his students.
【答案】 ①suited ②suits ③suits
(教材P2)Some jobs may seem very dull but are very important to society，while others can appear very exciting but are actually very difficult and boring.
有一些工作可能看上去很枯燥，但对社会却非常重要；而另外一些工作可能看上去很令人振奋，但实际上很难做，并且无聊。
【要点提炼】 while作并列连词用，意为“而，然而”，表前后意义上的对比或转折。
There's plenty of rain in the southeast，while there's little in the northeast.
东南部雨量充足，而东北部则很少下雨。
Some people waste food while others haven't enough.
有些人浪费食物，然而有些人却吃不饱。
while引导时间状语从句时，从句中的谓语动词应用延续性动词或表示状态的词。
while引导让步状语从句时，多用于句首。意为“尽管；虽然”。
while可用作名词，意为“一会儿；一段时间”。
While he loves his students，he is very strict with them.
虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对他们很严格。
I haven't seen her for a long while.
我好久没有看见她了。
完成句子
①有些人喜欢咖啡，而有些人喜欢茶。
Some people like coffee， ．
②当讨论还在进行时，乔治走了进来。
，George came in.
【答案】 ①while others like tea ②While the discussion was still going on
(教材P2)In reality，these people have to spend long hours travelling，with all their baggage packed in suitcases or trunks，and only a very small number of them are successful.
实际上，这些人不得不把所有的行李都塞进手提箱或大箱子，花很长时间在路上奔波，而且其中只有极少数是成功的。
(1)in reality事实上；实际上
The house looks very old，but in reality it is quite new.
这房子看起来很旧，实际上却很新。
The people here don't believe him in reality.
事实上这里的人都不相信他。
in reality＝in fact 事实上，实际上
turn sth.into reality 把……变成现实
become a reality＝come true 变成现实
real adj. 真实的，实际存在的，非凭空想象的
realize vt. 实现，使成为现实
Our company didn't lose money in the financial crisis；in fact，we made a profit.
在这次金融危机中，我们公司没有亏损，事实上我们还盈利了。
【提示】 同义词：actually，in fact，in nature，in practice，as a matter of fact。
句型转换
①We thought he was serious but actually he was joking.
＝We thought he was serious but he was joking.
【答案】 in reality/in fact/in nature/in practice/as a matter of fact
(2)【要点提炼】 英语中的with复合结构，即with＋宾语＋宾语补足语。with their luggage packed属于“with＋宾语＋过去分词”结构，在句中作状语，表伴随。luggage与pack构成动宾关系或者说是被动关系，所以使用with sth.done结构。
With nothing left to burn，the fire became weak and died out.
因为没有东西可烧，火势减弱，逐渐熄灭。
①with＋名词＋分词/分词短语。判断用现在分词还是过去分词，应根据名词与分词之间的关系。如果名词与分词之间是主动关系就用现在分词；若名词与分词之间是被动关系，则用过去分词。
②with＋名词＋不定式。不定式表示尚未发生的动作。此结构中不定式与名词之间存在动宾关系，但不定式多用主动式。
③with＋名词＋介词短语/形容词/副词。
With so many people communicating in English every day，it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.
有那么多的人天天用英语交流，熟练掌握英语会变得越来越重要。
With a lot of homework to do，I can't play football with my friends.
有这么多的作业要做，我不能跟朋友们踢足球。
Don't stand with your hands in your pockets.
站着的时候别把双手插在口袋里。
The square looks even more beautiful with all lights on.
所有的灯都亮着，广场显得更加漂亮。
完成句子
②贼被双手捆绑着带进了派出所。
The thief was taken into the police station with ．
③有许多事要处理，我不得不夜以继日地工作。
With ，I have to work day and night.
④她开着窗户睡觉。
She sleeps with ．
【答案】 ②his hands tied back ③many things to deal with ④the window open
deal with处理；对待；论述；涉及
(教材P2)Meanwhile those who are successful and famous have to deal with constant media attention.
与此同时，那些成功并出了名的人还要应对无休止的媒体的关注。
We may have various ways to deal with such a situation.
我们或许有不同的方法来应付这种情况。
This book deals with problems of pollution.
这本书论述污染问题。
deal in 从事于；经营；做……买卖
deal out 分配；给予；执行
deal well with sb. 待某人好
That shop deals in men's clothing.
那家商店经营男士服装。
A judge must deal out justice to all men，needn't he?
法官必须对每个人都公正，不是吗？
【提示】 ①deal with作“对付，处理”之意时，可用于各种句型中，而do with只有和what连用时才能表示“怎样处理……”的意思，其他情况下的do with不表示此意。所以在表示“怎样处理……”时，do with与what连用，而deal with则与how搭配使用。
②deal的过去式和过去分词都是dealt。
完成句子
①那件事需要处理了。
That matter needs ．
②他在大会上做了一次演讲，谈民间音乐。
He made a speech at the conference， folk music.
③这个问题你怎样处理？
How do you this problem？＝What do you this problem?
【答案】 ①to be dealt with/dealing with ②dealing with ③deal with；do with
pressure n．压力；压迫
(教材P2)They are also under huge pressure to appear young and beautiful.
她们为显得年轻漂亮也承受着巨大的压力。
He changed his mind under the pressure from others.
他在别人的逼迫之下改变了主意。
The economic pressures on small businesses are intense.
小企业的经济压力很大。
under pressure 在压力下
put pressure on 给……施加压力
relieve/reduce pressure on 缓解某人的压力
give in to pressure 屈从于压力
Several factors will put pressure on food prices.
给食品价格造成压力的因素有好几个。
Soft plastic base can relieve pressure on foot and reduce tiredness.
柔软的塑胶底可以缓解足部压力，从而减轻疲劳。
完成句子
①我们将永不屈从于压力。
We will never ．
②你在压力下能做得很出色吗？
Can you work well ？
③我们试图对政府施加压力以使其改变这一法令。
We are trying to the government to change the law.
【答案】 ①give in to pressure ②under pressure ③put pressure on
option n．选择；选修课；供选择的事物
(教材P2)Maybe a career as a local grocer would be a better option.
可能做一名当地杂货店的店主是更好的选择。
You will have to pay them；you have no option.
你必须付给他们钱，别无选择。
The government has two options：to reduce spending or to increase taxes.
政府有两种选择的办法：或是减少开支，或是增加税收。
①have no option but to (do) 除了……以外没有他法；只好
leave to one's option 任由某人选择
have the option of doing sth. 可以选择做某事
②optional adj. 任意的；随意的
He has no option but to pay up.
他别无选择，只能付账。
You have the option of taking your holiday early.
你可以选择提前度假。
The goods are optional，but only one.
这些物品是可以随意挑选，但只能选一件。
【提示】 have no option but to do sth.＝have no choice/alternative but to do sth.
完成句子
①我们别无选择，只好留下他们，自己离开。
We without them.
②说到数学，你没有选择的余地，因为它不是选修课。
When it comes to maths，you have no because it is not an
subject.
【答案】 ①had no option/choice/alternative but to leave ②option；optional
(教材P3) As we go through our daily lives，we meet many different kinds of people —...and cleaners，who clear up our rubbish.
在我们所经历的日常生活中，我们接触到许多不同种类的人，……及清理我们的垃圾的清洁工。
(1)go through 遭受；经历；仔细检查；完成；通过某场所
The river goes through the city.
这条河流穿过这个城市。
With great concentration she went through the movements.
她聚精会神地做完这些动作。
As you go through this book，you will find that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience.
当你读这本书时，你就会发现那些经历第二次世界大战的数百万人中的每一个人都有不同的经历。
go down 下降；倒下
go with 伴随；跟……相配；协调
go against 违背；反对；抵抗
go in for 参加；喜欢
That'll go against the traffic regulations.
那要违反交通规则的。
用适当的介词或副词填空
①They went our luggage at the customs.
②I'll go him as far as the bus stop.
③If they want to go on working，they will have to accept that pay can go as well as up.
【答案】 ①through ②with ③down
(2)clear up 整理；收拾；(天气)转晴；消除
Would you clear up this room before our visitors arrive?
客人到来之前，请拾掇一下这个房间好吗？
The sky is dark now，but I think it will clear up soon.
现在天色阴沉，不过我想马上就会转晴的。
They hope to clear the matter up quickly.
他们希望迅速把这事弄清楚。
clear away 收拾干净(餐具)；扫除；消散
clear off 清理；清算(债务)；(使)离开
clear out 清除；使耗尽全部钱财；售出存货
The football match came to an end，and the crowd soon cleared away from the ground.
足球赛结束了，人群很快从球场散去。
Go into the field and clear those boys off.
到田里去，把那些男孩赶走。
Clear out things in this cupboard，please.
请把这个橱柜里的东西都清除掉。
完成句子
④吃完晚饭后，请你将厨房收拾干净。
When you finish your dinner，please .
⑤天空正慢慢变得晴朗了。
The sky is ．
⑥雾消散了，整个月亮出现了。
The fog and the full moon appeared.
【答案】 ④clear up the kitchen ⑤clearing up
⑥cleared away
go about忙于某事；继续做某事；着手做某事；到处走动；流传；改变方向
(教材P3)These people，who perform such ordinary but vital tasks，allow others to go about their daily lives.
这些人做着此类平凡却不可少的工作，使其他人得以继续他们的日常生活。
The way in which you'll go about the task really matters.
你做这件事要采用的方法的确很重要。
How shall I go about finding a job?
我们该怎样着手找份工作呢？
go by 经过；(时间，机会)过去
go out 出去；熄灭；被发行；发出；送出
go over 复习；检查
go through 经过；审查；经历；完成；仔细察看
A story is going about that our town will soon be turned into a city.
据说我们这个镇不久就会变为城市。
Time went by slowly.时间慢慢逝去。
One of the plane's engines went out.
飞机的一个发动机熄火了。
用适当的介词或副词填空
①You're not going that job in the right way.
②She went the room but couldn't find the missing ring.
③All the invitations for the party have now gone ．
【答案】 ①about ②through ③out
(教材P3)All of them together，though，help society fun_ction．
然而，所有这些工作加在一起，有助于社会的运作。
(1)【要点提炼】 本句中though 用作副词，意为“可是；不过”，一般放在句末(不放在句首)。
He looks fit，though.
但他看起来很健康。
though还可用作连词，表示“虽然”，与although大致同义，可换用，只是 although 比 though 更为正式。
though 引导的让步状语从句可用部分倒装的形式(注意：倒装后位于句首的名词之前不用冠词)，但 although 不这样用。
Though/Although it was raining，we went there.
虽然下着雨，但我们还是去了那儿。
Child though he was，he did quite well.
他虽是孩子，但干得很好。
【提示】 although 不用作副词，而 though 可用作副词。在 as though(好像，仿佛)，even though(即使，纵然)等固定短语中不能用 although代替though。
用though和although填空
① we are poor，we are still happy.
②You can count on him， ．
③He is an honest man，I must say，even I have opposed him.
④Poor I am，I can afford it.
【答案】 ①Though/Although ②though
③though ④though
(2)fun_ction vi.工作；运行；起作用n.功能；作用；职责
The machine will not fun_ction properly if it is not kept well-oiled.
机器没有上好油，就不会正常地运转。
They have the functions and powers in their hands.
他们手里掌握着职权。
fun_ction well 顺利运行
fun_ction normally/properly 正常运转
play/perform an important fun_ction 起重大作用
All the instruments were functioning normally.
所有的仪器都在正常工作。
When nutrients are in short supply the body cannot fun_ction properly.
营养不足时，身体就不能正常运转。
完成句子
⑤这台机器有毛病。
The machine doesn't .
⑥手机在现代生活中正起着重要的作用。
The mobile phone is in the modern life.
【答案】 ⑤fun_ction well/normally/properly
⑥playing/performing an important fun_ction
课件58张PPT。Unit 1 Careers and skillsSection Ⅱ Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points23456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657点击右图进入…Thank you for watching !Section Ⅲ Word power & Grammar and usage
(教材P6)When you consider the career path you want to follow，it is useful to think about jobs in categories.
考虑你要经历的求职之路时，把它们分类思考是有帮助的。
【句式分析】 It's ＋ adj.(＋of/for sb.) ＋ to do sth.是一种常用的句型结构。其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。形容词通常是necessary，important，dangerous，difficult，hard，easy，impossible等表示事物的特点或特征的词时，用for；当形容词是kind，nice，good，bad，wise，clever，silly，foolish，careless，rude，brave，cruel，careful，grateful等表示人的特征或特点的词时，须用of。
It's very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.
对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险。
It's very kind of you to help me.
你能帮我，真好。
完成句子
①你真聪明，解出了这道数学题。
the maths problem.
②在日常生活中你练习英语口语是非常重要的。
your oral English in daily life.
【答案】 ①It's clever of you to work out ②It's very important for you to practise
practical adj.实际的；实践的；实用的；注重实际的
(教材P6)There are jobs that are practical，such as carpenters，hair-dressers，dressmakers and chefs.
有实用的工作，例如，木工、理发师、裁缝和厨师。
He is a practical person.
他是一位很讲实际的人。
Tom likes joining practical activities.
汤姆喜欢参加实践活动。
a practical method 实用的方法；有效的方法
a practical proposal 切实可行的建议
for (all) practical purposes 实际上
Yours is a practical proposal.
你的建议切实可行。
For all practical purposes，it was useless.
实际上它毫无用处。
完成句子
①实际上，这种产品毫无价值。
This kind of product is worthless .
②试验表明，这是一个有效的方法。
The test shows it is ．
【答案】 ①for all practical purposes
②a practical method
include v．包含；包括
(教材P6)These jobs include nurses，doctors，dentists and babysitters.
这些工作包括护士、医生、牙医和保姆。
I include eggs on the list of things to buy.
我在要买的货单上包括了鸡蛋。
The university includes ten colleges.
该大学有10个学院。
①include...in/on...把……列为……的一部分，将……列在……上
②included p．p. 包括在内的(过去分词，用于名词之后)
including prep. 包括，包含(用于名词前)
The farm includes 150 acres，but only ten people are working on it，including a cook.
这个农场有150英亩，但却只有十个人干活，其中还包括一个厨师。
Many people were dancing on the square when I passed by，including Helen/Helen included.
我经过时，许多人正在广场上跳舞，包括海伦在内。
include/contain
include
意为“包含并使之成为一部分”
contain
意为“含有，装得下”
The list included his name.
这个名单上包括他的名字。
Rice contains protein and fat.
大米含蛋白质和脂肪。
用include和contain的正确形式填空
①He his fear.
②All animals， men，feed on plants or other animals.
③His school bag a lot of books， a cartoon book.
【答案】 ①contained ②including
③contains；including
(教材P6)Included in this category are singers，actors and musicians.
这种分类中包括歌手、演员和音乐家。
【句式分析】 本句是一个完全倒装句，其结构是：表语＋be＋主语。主语太长，为了平衡句子结构的需要，将表语提前。充当表语的主要有形容词、现在分词和过去分词。
Present at the meeting are ten famous writers.
十位著名作家出席了这次会议。
Standing inside were lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes.
里面站着许多白皮肤、眼睛又大又黑的奇怪生物。
Located in the heart of Toronto is the Canadian National Tower，which is often called the CN Tower for short.
加拿大国家电视塔坐落于多伦多市中心，常被简称为CN塔。
完成句子
①山坡上长满了各种各样的野花。
wild flowers of all kinds.
②我们缺衣少食的日子一去不复返了。
when we are short of food and clothing.
③教我们英语的刘老师出席了这次聚会。
，who taught us English.
【答案】 ①Growing on the hillsides are ②Gone are the days ③Present at the party was Mr.Liu
be based on建立于……基础之上
(教材P6)There is also a new category of jobs that are based on information technology，such as computer software engineers.
也有以信息科技为基础的新工作种类，例如电脑软件工程师。
This story is based on facts.
这个故事是有事实根据的。
Most business or economic relations are based on trust.
多数商业或经济关系都是建立在信任的基础之上的。
base...on/upon... 把……建立在……；以……为根据
be based on/upon 以……为根据(基础)
basis n. 原因，缘由；基准，准则；方式；基础
on the basis of 在……基础上
basic adj. 基础的；基本的
One should always base one's opinion on facts.
我们应总是把自己的观点建立在事实的基础上。
The company has set up its new base in the north.
这家公司在北部设立了新的基地。
句型转换
①You should base your conclusion on careful research.
→Your conclusion should careful research.
②Teaching is an art which is based on science.
→Teaching is an art science.
【答案】 ①be based on ②based on
as well也；还
(教材P6)Do not forget that there are public service jobs as well，such as police officers and firefighters.
别忘了还有公共服务行业，比如警察和消防员。
He speaks English and Spanish as well.
他既能说英语，也能说西班牙语。
may/might as well 不妨；还是……的好
as well as 不但……而且……；既……又……；和……一样好
pretty well 几乎；差不多
I needn't wait.I may as well tell you now.
我不必等了，不妨现在就告诉你。
Your wife as well as you is friendly to me.
不仅你而且你的妻子也对我很友好。
He's pretty well finished his latest book already.
他最近的一本书已差不多完成了。
【提示】 as well常用作状语，作“又；也”解，相当于too或also，常位于句末，无须用逗号与句子分开。
as well as常用来连接两个并列的成分，如名词、形容词、动词、介词短语等。它强调的是前一项，后一项只是顺便提及。因此连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前一项一致；翻译时要先译后面，再译前面。而用not only...but also...连接时，谓语动词与后一项一致。
用适当的短语填空
①I am going to London and my sister is going ．
②Electric energy can be changed into light energy into sound energy.
③If you find it unworkable，we call the deal off.
【答案】 ①as well ②as well as ③may as well
get on with进步；进展；继续做；与……相处
(教材P7)I had better stop thinking about jobs and get on with my homework.
我最好停止思考关于工作的问题，继续做我的家庭作业。
I find it hard to get on with my colleagues.
我发现和同事相处很难。
He'd rather just get on with his job.
他宁愿只是做好自己的本职工作。
get on 进行；上车；上马；变老
get in 插话；收获；到达
get over 克服(困难等)；(从疾病等中)恢复过来
get through 通过；拨通(电话)；做完；用光(钱等)；吃光(食物等)
They got on at this station.
他们是在这个站上的车。
The farmers are getting the crops in now that they are ripe.
庄稼熟了，农民正在收割。
We had to get over many difficulties.
我们必须克服很多困难。
【提示】 get on with＝get along with；表示“和某人相处融洽”要用get on/along well with sb.。
完成句子
①安静下来，继续做你的工作。
Be quiet and your work.
②我一个晚上就看完了这本小说。
I the novel in one evening.
③一旦克服了这些困难，工作进展就快了。
Once these difficulties were ，the work would speed up.
【答案】 ①get on with ②got through ③got over
familiar adj.熟悉的；通晓的
(教材P8)For a simile to be effective，readers must be familiar with the things being compared.
为了让明喻有效果，读者必须对所比较的物体很熟悉。
The man seemed familiar，but I could not quite place him.
这人很面熟，但是我认不出他是谁。
The place felt familiar to me.
这个地方我隐约觉得有点熟悉。
be familiar to 为……所熟悉
be familiar with 熟悉；通晓；精通
make oneself familiar with 同……熟悉起来；同……亲近起来
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)It also doesn't require a new type of technology that people aren't already familiar with.
它也不要求采用人们并不熟悉的一种新技术来操作。
The word is not familiar to me.
我不认识那个词。
At last he appeared to have made himself familiar with his surroundings.
最后，他似乎把房间里的情形摸熟了。
用适当的介词填空
①His name seems familiar me.
②I am not very familiar European history.
③Firstly，we should make ourselves familiar the place where we live.
【答案】 ①to ②with ③with
英语修辞中明喻和暗喻
一、Simile(明喻)
1．基本概念
Simile(明喻)是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法，与汉语的明喻相似，它指的是将具有共性的不同事物或现象做对比，表明本体和喻体的关系。在明喻中，本体和喻体均同时出现在句中，在形式上是相对应的。注意，用于对比的事物或现象之间的共性存在于人们的心里，而不是事物的自然属性。
2．基本格式
基本格式：本体 ＋ 显著比喻词 ＋ 喻体
3．常见标志词
Simile的常用标志词有 like，as，seem，as if，as though，similar to，such as等。
4．典型实例
(1) as 像……一样，as...as 像……一样，as if/though 好像，像……似的，as it were 好像，似乎，仿佛
He's not as honest a man as I thought.
他不像我想象的那样诚实。
He looked as if he had seen a ghost.
他那副惊骇的样子就像见到了鬼似的。
This so-called antique，as it were，is a fake.这个所谓的古董，看上去好像是古董，但实际上是赝品。
(2) compare...to 把……比作……，comparison of sth. to sth.把……比作……
Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.
莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。
His comparison of the heart to a pump helped the children understand its action.他将心脏比作打气筒(抽水机)有助于孩子们了解心脏的作用。
(3) like 像……一样，something like 与……类似，有点像……，seem 好像，similar to与……相似
The human history is like a long river.
人类历史像一条长河。
The house looks something like a castle.
那房子看上去有点像一座城堡。
John's taken up stamp-collecting；he seems really bitten by it.约翰已经着手集邮，好像真入迷了。
Their educational system is similar to that in the United States.他们的教育制度和美国的差不多。
(4) may as well...as 做某事正如……
One might as well throw money into the sea as lend it to William.
把钱借给威廉，就好像把钱扔到海里一样。
(5) no more...than 像……一样不……；……和……都不……
I know no more Spanish than I know Greek.
我对西班牙语和希腊语同样都不懂。
(6) As A is to B，so C is to D C之于D，犹如A之于B；A is to B as C is to D A之于B，犹如C之于D；A is to B what C is to D A之于B，犹如C之于D
As soul is to a body，so love is to a home.
爱之于家庭犹如灵魂之于身体。
Air is to man as water is to fish.
空气之于人犹如水之于鱼。
Air is to us what water is to fish.
我们离不开空气，就像鱼儿离不开水一样。
二、Metaphor(暗喻)
1．基本概念
Metaphor(暗喻)，指的是用甲事物来指代与其所指事物有相似特点的乙事物。暗喻是一种含蓄的比喻，是利用不同事物的抽象的“相似点”来“打比方”，它不需要借助比喻词，而是直接将甲事物当作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是隐含的。
2．基本格式
基本格式：本体 ＋ is/are/have/has...＋喻体
3．典型实例
(1) 形容词类
His remarks were rather acid.
他的话有些尖酸刻薄。
Their faces were alight with joy.
他们因喜悦而容光焕发。
(2) 动词类
Clever children absorb knowledge easily.
聪明孩子容易吸收知识。
It makes my heart ache to see her suffer.
看到她受罪使我痛心。
Some books are to be tasted，others swallowed，and some few to be chewed and digested.一些书可以浅尝辄止；一些书可以囫囵吞枣；而有些书则需要细嚼慢咽，好好消化。
(3) 名词类
Such people are the backbone of the country.
这样的人是国家的栋梁。
Poor health may be a barrier to success.
健康欠佳可能成为取得成功的障碍。
She has a heart of stone.
他有一副铁石心肠。
课件45张PPT。Unit 1 Careers and skillsSection Ⅲ Word power & Grammar and usage234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344点击右图进入…Thank you for watching !Section Ⅳ Task & Project
Ⅰ.阅读P11教材原文，从三个选项中选择最佳答案
1．Which of the following is NOT the reason for wanting male nurses?
A．Half the population in our country are male.
B．Men actually take care of others better than women.
C．Men have stronger bodies than women.
2．Having a mix of male and female nurses in the hospital can ．
A．help patients recover faster
B．help lift heavy objects
C．bring a new way of thinking
3．Why will an open day be organized soon at Central Hospital?
A．To create a positive balance between male and female nurses.
B．To allow patients to request either a male or female to look after them.
C．To hire more male nurses to look after patients.
【答案】 1.B 2.A 3.C
Ⅱ.阅读P11教材原文，判断正误
1．There are as many men doctors as men nurses in our hospital now.( )
2．Men nurses can see things from a different angle than women.( )
3．Now more than 10 per cent of our nurses are male.( )
【答案】 1.F 2.T 3.F
equally adv.相等地，相同地；均等地，平均地；同样地
(教材P11)Men are equally as good as women at taking care of others.
男人在照顾别人方面和女人做得一样好。
They're equally strong.
他们一样强壮。
The money can be divided equally between you.
这钱可以平分给你们。
equal adj. 相等的；平等的；胜任的
vt. 等于
n. 同等的人或物
be equal to 等于；与……相等；胜任
be equal to doing sth. 能胜任做某事
be equal in 在……方面相等
equality n. 平等
Three feet is roughly equal to one meter.
3英尺大体上等于1 米。
The two books are more or less equal in length.
这两本书篇幅差不多。
I am equal to doing this job.
我能胜任做这项工作。
用equal的适当形式填空
①Men and women have rights in China.
②He is my in strength.
③Don't you believe in between men and women?
④No one him in strength.
⑤Diet and exercise are important.
【答案】 ①equal ②equal ③equality ④equals ⑤equally
in general就一般而言；一般说来；总体上
(教材P11)Another reason that men make great nurses is that in general，men have stronger bodies than women.
男性可成为体格优秀护士的另一个原因是，男性通常比女性体格更强壮。
The class are，in general，very bright.
总的说来，这个班级的学生都很聪明。
In general，I agree to what you said.
我大体上同意你所说的。
in common 共同地
in total 总共
in brief 简短地
in detail 详细地
in short 总之；简言之
in all 总共
These products，in total，account for about 80% of all our sales.
这些产品总共约占我们全部销售额的80%。
She described the accident in detail.
她详细地叙述了那次事故。
完成句子
①总的来说，亚历山大是个平和的、有爱心的人。
，Alexander was a peaceful，loving man.
②这两个人没什么共同之处。
The two men had little ．
③首先，我想简要谈谈这项工作的重要性。
To begin with，I'd like to tell the importance of the work.
【答案】 ①In general ②in common ③in brief
(教材P11)This allows our hospital to work better than if we only approach problems one way.
这使得医院比只用一种方法解决问题效果更好。
(1)allow v．允许，许可；给予，让……得到；承认，认为
Allow me to introduce you to our headmaster.
请允许我将你介绍给我们校长。
Their teacher allowed them three days for the assignment.
他们的老师给他们三天时间完成作业。
You must allow yourself to be wrong.
你必须承认自己错了。
allow (doing)sth. 允许(做)某事
allow sb.to do sth. 允许某人做某事
allow sb.＋(副词或介词短语) 允许某人……
allow for 考虑到；体谅；允许有；留出
Do they allow smoking in the cinemas?
他们允许在电影院里抽烟吗？
I don't allow the cat in the bedroom.
我不允许猫进入卧室。
We must allow for losing our way in the dark.
我们应该想到天黑会迷路。
完成句子
①这片水域禁止游泳。
in the water.
②她允许我们抽烟。
She ．
③你的计划是否把各种情况都考虑进去了？
Has everything in your plan?
【答案】 ①Swimming is not allowed ②allowed us to smoke ③been allowed for
(2)approach vt.对付；处理；接近某人或某事
Let us consider the best way to approach it.
让我们想想处理这件事的最佳方法。
A man approached me，asking if I'd seen a little girl.
有位先生走近我，问我是否看到过一个小女孩。
approach n． 靠近；方法；做法；途径
an approach to... ……的方法
at the approach of 在……快到的时候
be difficult/easy of approach
(指地方)难/容易到达的；
(指人)难于/容易接近的
His approaches to the problem are wrong.
他处理这个问题的方法是错误的。
The children fell silent at the approach of their teacher.
老师一来，孩子们就变得鸦雀无声。
method/way/approach/means
method
表示科学的，系统的一套方法，而且强调以效率和准确性为目的。其前常与介词with搭配。
way
指单一技巧或整套操作过程。普通用语，其前常与介词in搭配。
approach
是学习或研究问题的方法，其后常与to搭配。
means
手段，方法，工具。其前常与介词by搭配。
选用method，way，approach，means填空
④His teaching presents a new to foreign language teaching.
⑤By this they can increase their sales.
⑥Change your of thinking，and you will feel better.
【答案】 ④method；approach ⑤means ⑥way
request v．& n．请求，要求
(教材P11)Having more male nurses will help create a positive balance between male and female staff，and it will allow patients to request either a male or female to look after them.
有更多的男护士将会创造一个男女职员的平衡，让病人自己能要求一个男护士或女护士护理他们。
You are requested not to smoke in the restaurant.
请不要在餐馆里吸烟。
You should have your request.
你会得到你所要的东西。
①make a request for 请求；要求……
at sb.'s request＝at the request of sb. 应某人之要求
②request sb. to do sth. 请求/要求某人做某事
request that...(should)do... 请求……做某事
request sth. from/of sb. 向某人请求某物
It is/was requested that...(should)do... 人们要求……
They requested us to help them.
他们要求我们帮助他们。
He requested that they should come early.
他请求他们要早来。
He was there at the request of his manager.
他按照经理的要求到了那里。
【提示】 request作名词时的同位语从句及作动词时的宾语从句用虚拟语气(should)do的形式，其中should可省略。
完成句子
①所有的俱乐部成员都被要求出席年会。
All the club members the annual meeting.
②他无视邻居们要他别那样吵闹的要求。
He ignored the neighbours' requests that he less noise.
③员工们立即要求他重新考虑他的决定。
The staff immediately requested that he his decision.
④我们可以依照请求做出安排。
We can arrange for that ．
【答案】 ①are requested to attend ②(should) make ③(should) reconsider ④as requested
persuade vt.说服，劝说；(使)相信
(教材P12)Sometimes you need to persuade people that something is a good idea.
有时你需要使人们相信某种想法是一个好主意。
It is easy to persuade oneself.
说服自己往往很容易。
We persuaded Harry that he was wrong.
我们使亨利相信是他错了。
In a debate you need persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument.
辩论中你需要让听众信服你的论点的准确性。
I have persuaded him to give up the attempt.
＝I have persuaded him into giving up the attempt.
我已经说服他放弃这种尝试了。
I persuaded him out of going there with Tom.
＝I persuaded him not to go there with Tom.
我说服了他不要与汤姆一起去那里。
用persuade的相关词语完成下列小片段
The other day，my husband① buy a coat as he thought it was too long.However，the assistant tried hard to② me the good quality and fashionable style of it.Therefore，I couldn't help③ buying it.So you can see how easy it is④ a woman things that aren't suitable for her.
【答案】 ①persuaded me not to ②persuade；of ③being persuaded into ④to persuade；to buy/into buying
reject vt.拒绝；驳回；退回；舍弃
(教材P12)You have to think about how you can show them the good side of an idea and how you can reject or counter any negative aspects that they might suggest.
你们需要考虑如何向他们展示一个想法好的方面，以及你们如何拒绝或反驳他们可能会暗示的消极的方面。
He was afraid she would reject him because he was a foreigner.
他担心她会因他不是本国人而拒绝他。
She rejected telling us the truth.
她拒不对我们讲实情。
reject (doing) sth. 拒绝(做)某事
reject as 因……而拒绝
reject sth.on...grounds 以……为理由拒绝……
The proposal was rejected as too costly.
由于成本过高，这一提案未被接受。
The scheme was rejected on economic grounds.
这一计划出于经济考虑而遭到摒弃。
完成句子
①他拒绝改变主意。
He rejected ．
②他放弃了在英国定居的想法。
He of settling in England.
③我母亲不同意我举办大型聚会的计划。
My mother for a big party.
【答案】 ①changing his mind ②rejected the idea
③rejected my plan
more than超过，多于；很，非常；不只是
(教材P14)For each point，you can choose more than one answer.
每一项你都可以选择多个答案。
His insolence is more than I can stand.
我受不了他的无礼。
She was dressed more than simply.
她穿着十分朴素。
His report is more than a survey.
他的报告不只是一份调查。
more...than 比……更多；与其……倒不如……
no more than 仅仅；不超过
no more...than... 不比……更……；与……同样不……
more or less 或多或少；大概
He is more frightened than hurt.
与其说他受伤了倒不如说他被吓着了。
He is no more than a singer.
他只不过是个歌手。
I've more or less finished reading the book.
我差不多已经把这本书全看完了。
【提示】 more than＋单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。
More than one student is working hard in the classroom.
很多学生在教室认真学习。
完成句子
①他有勇无谋。
He is ．
②她的表演非常好。
Her performance was ．
③粉刷天花板用了将近一整天的时间。
It took a whole day to paint the ceiling.
④金钱不过是我们的仆人。
Money is our servant.
【答案】 ①more brave than wise ②more than good ③more or less ④no more than
(教材P14)I would rather set up systems on a computer.
我宁愿安装电脑系统。
(1)would rather宁愿，宁可(后接动词原形)
I would rather go out tonight，if you don't mind.
如果你不介意的话，我宁愿今晚出去。
would rather(not) do... 宁愿或宁可(不)做某事
would rather do...than do... 宁愿……而不愿……
would rather后接宾语从句时，应用虚拟语气，对现在或将来的虚拟用过去时，对过去的虚拟用过去完成时。
I'd rather you went there now.
我宁愿你现在就去那。(实际上还没去)
I would rather I had not told him the truth yesterday.
我宁愿昨天我没有告诉他事实。(实际上已告诉了)
完成句子
①那件事我宁愿不告诉你。
I'd rather you about it.
②我宁愿去打网球而不愿去游泳。
I'd rather ．
③我真希望你那天没有把那消息告诉他。
I'd rather you him the news that day.
【答案】 ①not tell ②play tennis than swim
③hadn't told
(2)set up建立；创办；创设；准备；安排
Plenty of foreign firms have set up factories here.
很多外国公司已在这里开办工厂。
Will you set up the drinks while I look after the party food?
你准备饮料，我来料理宴会食品，好吗？
set about 开始；着手
set down 放下；搁下
set free 释放；解放
set off 出发；动身；使爆炸
set aside 留出；拔出(时间、金钱等)；暂不考虑；驳回
The girl attendant has set about cleaning the room.
那位女服务员已开始打扫房间。
Be careful that you don't set the fireworks off by mistake.
当心点，别错引爆了那些爆竹。
完成句子
④为阵亡将士立了一个纪念碑。
A monument as a memorial to the dead soldiers.
⑤我们立刻兴致勃勃地干起来。
We our task at once with great enthusiasm.
⑥把书桌放在窗前。
The desk before the window.
【答案】 ④was set up ⑤set about ⑥was set down
figure out 理解；弄明白；想出；计算(金额与成本)
(教材P14)Now look at your answers and figure out how many times you have chosen.
现在看一看你的答案，算算你选择了几次。
Can you figure out how to do it?
你能想出这件事该怎么做吗？
Have you figured out how much the project will cost?
这个项目要花多少钱你算出来没有？
figure as 扮演……角色
figure in 算进；参加；包括进
figure on 计划；仔细考虑；指望
figure up 总计；把……总加起来
Have you figured in the cost of the hotel?
你把旅馆的费用包括在内吗？
He's a person you can always figure on his help.
他是一个你总能依赖他帮助的人。
完成句子
①我想不出他在暗示什么。
I can't what he was hinting at.
②把这些费用加起来也许要用好几个小时。
It may take several hours to these expenses.
【答案】 ①figure out ②figure up
correspond vi.相符合；相一致；相当；相类似；通信
(教材P14)Find the letter which you chose the most often and look at the description which corresponds with it on the next page.
找出你选择次数最多的字母，阅读下页中与之相对应的描述。
The American Congress corresponds to the British Parliament.美国国会相当于英国议会。
She corresponded regularly with her former music teacher.
她和她以前的音乐老师定期通信。
correspond to 等于；相当于
correspond with/to 与……相对应；与……相符
correspond with sb. 与……通信
His expenses do not correspond to his income.
他的花费跟收入不相符。
His answer to the question does not correspond with mine.
他对这个问题的回答和我的不一致。
用适当的介词填空
①His actions do not correspond his words.
②Margaret corresponded him until his death.
③Their nursery schools correspond roughly our kindergartens.
【答案】 ①with/to ②with ③to
take great pleasure in从……中获得乐趣
(教材P15)These people take great pleasure in influencing and persuading others，or leading and managing an organization.这类人从影响、说服别人，或领导、管理一个组织中获得极大的乐趣。
Charlie seems to take pleasure in bullying the younger kids.
查理似乎喜欢欺负比自己小的孩子。
They took great pleasure in helping the people in need in the neighbourhood.
他们非常乐于帮助附近那些有困难的人。
give pleasure to sb.＝give sb.pleasure 给某人快乐
have the pleasure of (doing) sth. 很开心……；有幸……
with pleasure 愉快地；高兴地；没问题
for pleasure 为了取乐，为了好玩
my pleasure 不客气，不用谢
That thing gives me little pleasure.
那件事使我不太高兴。
May I have the pleasure of dancing with you?
我可以和你跳舞吗？
完成句子
①我将很高兴告诉大家事情的真相。
I shall telling everyone the truth.
②我很乐意帮助你。
I will help you ．
③他们为取乐而玩纸牌，而不是为赚钱而玩。
They play cards ，not for money.
【答案】 ①take great pleasure in ②with pleasure
③for pleasure
关于就业选择的写作
[写作指导]
本单元的写作项目是有关就业选择方面的内容，对于这一方面内容的阐述常以讨论或辩论的方式给出。其篇章结构如下：
1．开头：提出问题或引出讨论或辩论的主题。
Recently we have had a discussion/debate on/about...最近我们就……进行了讨论。
2．主体：陈述不同观点及理由
表示赞同：
be for，favour the idea，be in favour of，approve of，agree with/to...
表示反对：
disagree/don't agree with/to，be against the idea，however，on the other hand...
表述理由：
because，for，they say，saying that，for the reason that...
3．结尾：表明个人观点
personally，as for me，in my opinion，I think/believe...
[佳作构建]
[写作任务]
某英文网站正在开展关于填报志愿时首先考虑专业还是学校的讨论。请你根据下面所给的要点提示，写一篇英语短文，描述学生中存在的两种看法，并谈谈你自己的看法。
观点
理由
首先选择专业
1.可以学习自己感兴趣的东西；
2.便于将来从事自己喜爱的工作。
首先选择大学
1.学习环境对人的成长很重要；
2.名牌大学的毕业生在求职时常会受到青睐。
你的看法
注意：1.词数：100左右；
2．内容可适当发挥，注意行文连贯。
[审题谋篇]
本篇作文可以从以下几个方面入手：
一、开门见山地提出本文讨论的话题。二、陈述不同的观点并表述理由。三、表明个人观点。
[遣词造句]
Ⅰ.词汇
1． 专业
2． 更喜欢
3． 使……成为可能
4． 最喜爱的工作
5． 名牌大学的毕业生
6． 在我看来
7． 最佳选择
【答案】 1.major 2.prefer 3.make...possible
4．favourite jobs 5.graduates from leading universities 6.in my opinion 7.the best choice
Ⅱ.句式
1．我们应该首先选择专业还是选择大学？
choose a good major a good university first?
2．一些学生更愿意首先考虑专业，以便他们能够学习自己感兴趣的东西。
Some students prefer to consider majors first they can learn ．
3．这将使他们将来从事自己喜爱的工作成为可能。
It will also take their favourite jobs in the future.
4．然而对此持不同看法的学生认为学习环境对人的成长很重要，并且名牌大学的毕业生在求职时常会受到青睐。
However，those believe that the environment one's development and that graduates from leading universities a good job.
5．如果两者不可兼得，首先考虑的是好专业。
，the first thing to consider is a good major.
【答案】 1.Should we；or 2.so that；what they are interested in 3.make it possible for them to
4．who think differently；is important to；are often more likely to find 5.If we cannot obtain both
[妙笔成篇]
【参考范文】
Every student will be faced with the question when he passes the college entrance examinations：Should we choose a good major or a good university first? Some students prefer to consider majors first so that they can learn what they are interested in.It will also make it possible for them to take their favourite jobs in the future.However，those who think differently believe that the environment is important to one's development and that graduates from leading universities are often more likely to find a good job.
In my opinion，the best choice is a good major at a good university.If we cannot obtain both，the first thing to consider is a good major，because no matter where we study，we can still achieve a lot in a certain field if we try our best.
课件70张PPT。Unit 1 Careers and skillsSection Ⅳ Task & Project23456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869点击右图进入…Thank you for watching !核心要点回扣
Ⅰ.重要单词
1． adv.实际上；事实上
2． n．行李
3． n．店主
4． n．绷带 vt.用绷带包扎
5． adj.自信的
【答案】 1.actually 2.baggage 3.shopkeeper 4．bandage 5.self-confident
6． v．适合；对……方便 n．一套衣服→ adj.合适；适当
7． v．(使)清洁；变干净adj.干净的；纯净的→ n．清洁工；吸尘器；清洁剂
8． n．魔术→ n．魔术师；巫师→ adj.神秘的；魔术的
9． v．创造→ adj.有创造力的；创造性的→ n．创造者→ n．创造性；创造力
10． n．艺术→ n．艺术家→ adj.艺术的；艺术家的
【答案】 6.suit；suited 7.clean；cleaner 8.magic；magician；magical 9.create；creative；creator；creativity 10.art；artist；artistic
Ⅱ.重点短语
短语互译
1． 合适；适宜
2． 实际上
3． 应付；处理；论及；涉及
4． 另一方面
5． 收拾；整理；天气转晴
6． go about
7． be based on
8． in general
9． figure out
10． take pleasure in
【答案】 1.be suited to/for 2.in reality
3．deal with 4.on the other hand 5.clear up
6．从事；着手做 7.建立于……基础之上 8.一般说来；总体上 9.理解；弄明白；想出；计算出
10．从……中获得乐趣
Ⅲ.重点句式
根据所给提示补全下列教材原句
1． (当选择职业的时候)，you should consider all the aspects of a job.
2．Some jobs may seem very dull but are very important to society， (然而) others can
appear very exciting but are actually very difficult and boring.
3．All of these jobs together， (可是)，help society fun_ction.
4．When you consider the career path you want to follow， (它是有益的) jobs in categories.
5．I (宁愿装配) systems on a computer.
【答案】 1.When choosing a career 2.while
3．though 4.it is useful to think about 5.would rather set up
课件10张PPT。Unit 1 Careers and skills单元尾 核心要点回扣23456789点击右图进入…Thank you for watching !课时分层作业(一)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Your clothes are a (reflect)of your personality.
2．When (ask)to explain her behavior，she gave a very defensive answer.
3． (actual)，I have been taught history for five years.
4．Everyone likes the stranger，but in (real)he is a criminal.
5．He stood with his hands (cross)before him.
6．Have you any concrete thoughts on to deal with this difficulty?
7．Make sure the letter is (proper)addressed.
8．It's hard work；I enjoy it， ．
9．Most teenagers go a period of rebelling.
10．Fluent English is a must and German is (option)．
【答案】 1.reflection 2.asked 3.Actually
4．reality 5.crossed 6.how 7.properly
8．though 9.through 10.optional
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1．你的行为不合时宜。(suited)
【答案】 Your behaviour isn't suited to/for the occasion.
2．她喜欢物理，而我喜欢英语。(while)
【答案】 She likes physics，while I like English.
3．我知道如何处理这件事。(deal with)
【答案】 I know how to deal with this matter.
4．尽管缺钱，他的父母还是想办法让他上了大学。(though＋分词)
【答案】 Though lacking money，his parents managed to send him to university.
5．由向导带路，我们毫不费力地找到了那个村庄。(with复合结构)
【答案】 With the guide leading the way，we had no difficulty in finding the village.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Are you fresh out of college，looking to start a career？Have you recently started your very first job? Here are some nice tips to guide you through the first few days.
1．Listen more than you talk.Collect the information about how the organization works，and the reasons why，before you offer “helpful” advice.
2．Don't segregate yourself with people in your age group.Get to know older workers，too.The young group may be more fun for happy hours，but those who are a decade or more older than you can possibly help with your career.And you might find out you enjoy the company，too!
3．Take mistakes seriously.There's nothing more disappointing than a worker who made a mistake and doesn't seem to think it's a big deal.When you make a mistake，immediately be responsible for it，figure out how you're going to fix it，and make it clear that you understand its seriousness.Responses(回复)like “my bad” or worse，no response at all，signal that you don't take work seriously.
4．Take notes.Your boss expects you to remember the special instructions you were given.For most people，that means taking notes.And while a good manager is happy to answer questions，she won't be if the questions are ones she already answered when you weren't bothering to pay attention.
5．Be open to learning.College gave you theory；work is going to give something entirely different.So stay modest and realize your first job is going to be largely about learning.
6．Thank people who help you.When your boss or another coworker(同事)takes the time to help you with something，give them a sincere “thank you”．People who feel appreciated are more likely to go out of their way for you again.If you don't seem to care，they probably won't bother again.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章向刚刚走出大学校门，准备找工作或刚开始工作的毕业生提供了6条实用且有效的建议。
1．The passage is written for ．
A．fresh graduates B．company leaders
C．old workers D．new advisers
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，本文是向刚刚走出大学校门，准备找工作或刚开始工作的毕业生提供一些建议。故答案为A。只要准确理解第一段段意，此题就不会误选。
【答案】 A
2．If you made a mistake you should ．
A．think it's not a big deal
B．try to fix it at once
C．say something like “my bad”
D．give no responses at all
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段可知，一旦犯错，立刻承担起自己的责任，尽快找出解决的方法。只是说“是我的错”或者更糟糕的是，完全没有任何反应，表现出你完全不把你的工作当回事。故答案为B。其他选项都是不应该做的。
【答案】 B
3．If you want to remember something that has been given，you had better ．
A．listen more than you talk
B．take mistakes seriously
C．take notes
D．be open to learning
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第五段可知，如果你要详细记住给你的指示或老板已经说过的话，你一定要记笔记。故答案为C。
【答案】 C
4．From the last two paragraphs we can learn ．
A．work can also give us some theory
B．we should often help our coworkers
C．we shouldn't bother to appreciate others
D．we should care for others' help
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，他们得到感谢后，你再次遇到困难时，他们是更乐于伸出援助之手的。如果你不把别人的善意当回事，那很可能下次他们也不再理你。由此可判断出“我们应该尊重别人的帮助”。故答案为D。其他选项与最后两段的内容不相符。
【答案】 D
B
This summer I volunteered at the China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda in Sichuan and had a once in a lifetime chance to get within three feet.Born and raised in America，very rarely had I ever seen a panda.I had expected this moment ever since my mother told me that we would be volunteering at the Center.
When my cousin and I arrived at the Center and received our uniforms and gloves，any nervousness I had felt during the car ride quickly faded and changed into excitement.Our first task was to clean up the panda's cage.Although it was a boring job，it was interesting to be in the panda's living area and see how big the animals really are.Pandas actually fear heat，so the Center provides each animal with an ice block to keep it comfortable.
When it was time to feed the pandas，the keeper gave us five pieces of food each，which consisted of bamboo，carrots，or bread to feed a one-year-old male.Never having dreamed of being so close to a panda，I was delighted by the action and after listening to it munch(用力嚼) on the food，I hurriedly offered a piece more.
Next，we watched a video on China's goal to help giant pandas back into the wild.It explained China's efforts to raise them to increase the population，and detailed measures taken to train the pandas to enter their nature reserve once again.
The workers had to spend lots of time teaching the animals how to live in nature and guaranteeing their safety at all times.I am grateful to have been able to volunteer for a day and will treasure the experience for the rest of my life.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。“我”成了一名志愿者，和堂哥一起去四川大熊猫研究中心喂养大熊猫。
5．How did the writer feel on the way to the Center?
A．Excited. B．Nervous.
C．Bored. D．Calm.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“any nervousness I had felt during the car ride quickly faded and changed into excitement”可知，在乘车前往研究中心的路上，“我”感到紧张，故B项正确。A项意为“兴奋的”，C项意为“厌烦的”，D项意为“平静的”，都与语境不符。
【答案】 B
6．Which of the following is delightful to the writer?
A．Wearing uniforms.
B．Cleaning the cages.
C．Feeding the panda.
D．Watching the video.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“Never having dreamed of being so close to a panda，I was delighted by the action and after listening to it munch(用力嚼)on the food”可知，当“我”喂大熊猫吃东西时，“我”感到很高兴，故C项正确。
【答案】 C
7．Why does the Center raise the giant pandas?
A．To attract more volunteers.
B．To keep them comfortable.
C．To help them back to nature.
D．To gain more experience.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句“Next，we watched a video on China's goal to help giant pandas back into the wild”并结合该段其他内容可知，研究中心饲养大熊猫的目的是帮助它们重归自然，故C项正确。
【答案】 C
Ⅳ.语法填空
The truth 1. trees are vital to our life is not a secret.They provide us with food，wood and most 2. (important)，oxygen.Now there is one more thing we can add to this list－blocking out harmful bacteria from water.
The discovery 3. (make)by a team 4. (consist)of scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)and high school students 5. were seeking a natural water filter—one that would help communities in developing countries that do not have 6. (accessible)to modern water filter systems.
The 7. (research)，led by Professor Rohit Karnik，decided to turn to trees for help because they could allow liquid to flow through，while blocking out air bubbles.
They began by cutting 1.5-inch-wide sections of tree bark from the branches of a white pine tree.The people related then tested the wood's filtering ability by pouring water containing red dye particles of different sizes through.8. their amazement，they found that it was effective in trapping all the articles.9. (encourage)，the team conducted 10. experiment，this time with water that contained bacteria.Sure enough，the sapwood held back 99% of the bacteria，allowing only 1% to flow through.
【答案】 1.that 2.importantly 3.was made
4．consisting 5.who/that 6.access
7．researchers 8.To 9.Encouraged 10.another
课时分层作业(二)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．People consider (狐狸) as clever but sly animals.
2．The tribesmen were armed with (矛) and shields.
3．He is busy (除草) in the garden.
4．The message travels along the (神经) to the brain.
5．He likes to watch a (魔术师) performing tricks.
6．But the (铸铁制的) rail by the side should be European in style.
7．Your invention is clever，but not (实用)．
8．It's known that the price (包括) postage charges.
9．The report's conclusions were already (熟悉的) enough to the government.
10．These are leather goods of high (质量)．
【答案】 1.foxes 2.spears 3.weeding 4.nerve
5．magician 6.cast-iron 7.practical 8.includes
9．familiar 10.quality
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．It is dangerous (cross)the straits in such weather.
2．We must be (practice)and work out the cost before we make a decision.
3．We get 2，000 yuan a month，bonuses (include)．
4．Many of the stories are (base)on rumour.
5．Return to your place and get on your work.
6．The name you just mentioned sounds familiar me.
7．He as well as I (be)satisfied with the result.
8．It was hard (see)his face because of the cowl he was wearing.
9．I rang you but couldn't get ．
10．Every schoolboy is familiar these facts.
【答案】 1.to cross 2.practical 3.included
4．based 5.with 6.to 7.is 8.to see
9．through 10.with
Ⅲ.阅读理解
With courses on David Beckham and Harry Potter on offer at famous universities，it comes as no surprise that students are now able to learn the art of the perfect selfie(自拍)．
The concept of taking selfies gained great popularity.It soon exploded on the Internet，and people started crazily to take images that had them as the primary item of focus.The trend became so popular that it even inspired a song，“Selfie”by The Chainsmokers，which racked up 267 million views on YouTube.In fact，Twitter declared 2014 as “the year of the selfie”．
Just like the art of photography can be studied and improved，City Literary Institute, a well-known college in London，felt it needed to educate people on the fine art of taking the perfect selfie and officially started to offer a first-ever course on that.
The four-session course will cost ￡132(￡106 for seniors) ，but the fee won't even include a free selfie stick，a tool that is rapidly gaining acceptance for serious selfie-takers.It is open to all enthusiastic and self-obsessed photographers.
As part of the new course，self-absorbed photographers will be taught “valuable life skills” to prepare themselves to face a world which could present a photo opportunity at any point.Apart from offering the much-needed but seldom-sought guidance on the best angles and lighting，the course promises to improve your critical understanding of the “selfie”．There will also be a brief exploration into the concepts of “identity，self-hood and memory” as well as the opportunity to “develop new ideas to make your photography more relevant to your aims”．
But the selfie enthusiasts must be prepared to share their photos，as organizers said a critique(评论) of students' work would form an important role in the learning process.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了英国伦敦的一所著名大学开设了一门新的课程——教学生如何完美地自拍。
1．Learning to take selfies at universities isn't a surprise because ．
A．taking selfies is popular nowadays
B．many people take photos crazily
C．the perfect selfie has exploded on the Internet
D．courses on some famous persons have been offered
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“With courses on David Beckham and Harry Potter on offer at famous universities，it comes as no surprise”可知，一些著名的大学提供了关于名人的课程，所以开设自拍的课程不足为奇，故选D。
【答案】 D
2．City Literary Institute offers courses on taking selfies to ．
A．attract people to study there
B．teach people to master the art
C．follow the latest fashion
D．be the first to offer such courses
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“felt it needed to educate people on the fine art of taking the perfect selfie”可知，该大学提供自拍课程是因为它感觉有必要教人们掌握自拍这门艺术，故选B。
【答案】 B
3．What can be inferred about the course in the passage?
A．It makes students get to know the concept of beauty.
B．It offers the steps on how to take photos.
C．Students taking the course are likely to take better selfies.
D．Students' critical understanding of selfies is promised to improve.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，经过学习，学生将学到重要的摄影技巧。此外，课程还将对“身份、自我以及记忆”的概念进行简单的探讨，还有机会发展出新思路从而让每个学生的拍摄更贴近自己的目标。由此可推知，这门课程可能会提高学生的自拍技巧，故选C。
【答案】 C
4．Who can have access to the course on taking selfies?
A．Anyone who shows passion for taking selfies.
B．Anyone who is a full-time student of the college.
C．Only young photographers who are interested in it.
D．Only those who are good at taking photos.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句“It is open to all enthusiastic and self-obsessed photographers”可知，该课程对所有爱好自拍的人开放，故选A。
【答案】 A
Ⅳ.完形填空
A man wanted to make an investment(投资)．An idea struck him：“Why don't I plant a small mango tree and enjoy the benefits when it grows into a big one？” So he went to the 1 ，bought a small tree and took it home.To the pride of his family，he 2 it in the center of his 3 ．
He read everything about 4 a mango tree.He got up early every morning，for he was determined to supply the tree with all the necessary nutrients.He watered it， 5 it with manure(粪肥)，and took good care of its leaves by removing those 6 ones.He made sure the tree received enough care.
Many times he sat and 7 the beauty of the growing tree while dreaming about the 8 mangoes that the tree would 9 ．His mind was always filled with the wish to taste the first fruit of the tree.
Years went by 10 ．..now，he had a big tree with its leaves shining and healthy，its bark healthy and hard.It was a big attraction 11 it decorated his whole garden.
Then one day he noticed a small bud(花蕾)，which in a couple of days grew into a beautiful 12 ．Now he could 13 wait for the fruit so he started to increase his supply of nutrients and care.Then one day the tree let out its first product—a small green fruit.The man was so 14 ．
He waited for a few more weeks till the fruit grew in 15 ．The day came when he decided to 16 the first fruit of the tree.He 17 the tree，picked the fruit and then came his 18 ．The fruit was not like what he expected.It was hard，big and round.He was puzzled.He was sad.
Seeing this，his 19 came and asked him what happened.He told them that the fruit from his tree was not what he wanted.When the neighbours heard this，they did not know whether to 20 or comfort him，for what he planted years ago was not a mango tree.We can only reap(收获)what we plant.
【语篇解读】 一个人想发财，突发了要栽植一棵芒果树的想法。想不到结出的不是芒果这个人很是失望。原来他栽的不是棵芒果树。
1．A.city B．farm
C．market D．shop
【解析】 考查语境选词。city “城市”；farm “农场”；market “市场”；shop “商店”。由后面的bought a small tree可知购买树苗应该是在“市场”。
【答案】 C
2．A.grew B．moved
C．planted D．threw
【解析】 考查动词。grow “种植”；move “移动”；plant “栽种”；throw “扔/丢掉”。买芒果树苗回来后将其“栽”在花园里。故选C项。
【答案】 C
3．A.garden B．house
C．village D．yard
【解析】 考查名词。garden “花园”；house “房子”；village “村庄”；yard “院子”。B、C两项可轻易排除。D项易错选，但根据第四段最后一句“it decorated his whole garden”可知选A项。
【答案】 A
4．A.buying B．improving
C．keeping D．raising
【解析】 考查动词。buy“购买”；improve“改进，提高”；keep“保持，饲养(动物)”；raise “养殖，种植，增加”。此处raise a mango tree指维护、管理芒果树。故选D项。
【答案】 D
5．A.decorated B．equipped
C．served D．supplied
【解析】 考查动词。decorate “装饰”；equip “装备，武装”；serve “服务，供应”；supply “提供”。此处是为果树施肥，应使用supply A with B，故选D项。
【答案】 D
6．A.green B．red
C．white D．yellow
【解析】 考查形容词。果树管理，需要剪去老叶子——枯萎的叶子。枯萎的叶子会变黄，而green leaves属于好叶子。red leaves只是有些树有，一般是秋天才有，也是即将死去的叶子，但秋天不需要剪枝。white leaves很少见，显然A、B、C三项可排除。故选D项。
【答案】 D
7．A.admired B．drew
C．greeted D．operated
【解析】 考查动词。admire “欣赏，赞美”；draw “画画”；greet “打招呼，欢迎”；operate “操作，管理”。根据接下来的“dreaming about, His mind was always filled with the wish to taste the first fruit of the tree”可知，那个人是经常坐在树下“赞赏”树长得漂亮，并展望着早日品尝其结的芒果，故选A项。
【答案】 A
8．A.beneficial B．expensive
C．healthy D．tasty
【解析】 考查形容词。beneficial“有益的”；expensive “昂贵的”；healthy “健康的”；tasty “可口的，美味的”。根据句意，这个人是展望早日品尝果树结的“可口的”芒果，故选D项。
【答案】 D
9．A.bear B．burst
C．deserve D．make
【解析】 考查动词。bear“生育，结果实”；burst “爆裂，突发”；deserve “值得”；make “制造”。此处是指果树“结果实”，使用bear，故选A项。
【答案】 A
10．A.immediately B．quickly
C．narrowly D．suddenly
【解析】 考查副词。immediately “立即，马上”；quickly “迅速地，快”；narrowly “勉强地，狭窄地”；suddenly “突然”。根据接下来的“now，he had a big tree”可知，这一天到来了，说明时间过得很快，故选B项。
【答案】 B
11．A.because B．if
C．though D．when
【解析】 考查连词。because表示原因，if表示条件，though表示让步，when表示时间。此处前后为因果关系，it decorated his whole garden是原因；It was a big attraction为结果，故选A项。
【答案】 A
12．A.flower B．fruit
C．leaf D．nut
【解析】 考查名词。flower“花朵”；fruit “水果”；leaf “叶子”；nut “果仁”。根据常识可知，先是长出花蕾(a small bud)，然后花蕾长成flower，花粉受精后才会结出果实，故选A项。
【答案】 A
13．A.always B．hardly
C．never D．strangely
【解析】 考查副词。always “总是，始终”；hardly “几乎不”；never“从不”；strangely “奇怪地”。can't/hardly wait for意为“迫不及待”，这个人等不及要品尝芒果树结出的果实，故选B项。
【答案】 B
14．A.greedy B．happy
C．nervous D．sad
【解析】 考查形容词。greedy “贪婪的”；happy “快乐的”；nervous “紧张的”；sad “悲伤的”。果树总算结出了第一批果实，这个人显然非常“喜悦”，故选B项。
【答案】 B
15．A.age B．length
C．size D．width
【解析】 考查名词。age“年龄”；length “长度”；size “尺寸，大小”；width “宽度”。这个人又等了几周，以便让树上的果实“长大点”，果子不像他所期盼的那样，故选C项。
【答案】 C
16．A.observe B．sell
C．steal D．taste
【解析】 考查动词。observe “观察，观看”；sell“卖”；steal“偷”；taste “品尝”。这个人一直期待的是“品尝”自己栽的果树上结出的果实，故选D项。
【答案】 D
17．A.climbed B．cut
C．hid D．killed
【解析】 考查动词。climb “爬上”；cut “砍伐”；hide “躲，收藏”；kill“杀死”。这个人感觉树上的果实应该成熟了，决定“爬到树上”去摘下来吃，故选A项。
【答案】 A
18．A.anxiety B．cheers
C．disappointment D．opinion
【解析】 考查名词。anxiety “焦虑”；cheers “欢呼声”；disappointment “失望”；opinion “观点，看法”。根据接下来“The fruit was not like what he expected.It was hard，big and round.He was puzzled.He was sad.”可知，这个人摘下树上的果实品尝后，很是“失望”，果子不像他所期盼的那样，故选C项。
【答案】 C
19．A.children B．friends
C．neighbours D．relatives
【解析】 考查名词。根据最后一段中的“When the neighbours heard this”可知选C项neighbours “邻居”。children “孩子”；friends “朋友”；relatives “亲戚”。
【答案】 C
20．A.complain B．laugh
C．motivate D．support
【解析】 考查动词。complain “抱怨”；laugh “笑”；motivate “激励”；support “支持”。邻居们听完这个人的诉苦后，不知道是该“笑”他还是安慰他，因为他几年前栽的树不是芒果树。故选B项。
【答案】 B
课时分层作业(三)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．In journalism，timeliness and accuracy should be (equal)important.
2．The police do not allow (play)football in the street.
3．We must take a scientific approach the problem.
4．He requested that the matter (keep)secret.
5．We finally persuaded him into (accept)our views.
6．As I remember him，he always took (please)in music.
7．Do you ever correspond your overseas friends?
8．It didn't take the children long to figure the correct answer.
9．I would rather you (know)that now，than afterwards.
10．The new pens are no (good)than the old ones.
【答案】 1.equally 2.playing 3.to 4.(should)be kept 5.accepting 6.pleasure 7.with 8.out
9．knew 10.better
Ⅱ.阅读理解
The term “underemployment” has three related meanings.In one sense，it refers to a situation in which someone with excellent job qualifications(资格) is working in a position that requires less qualifications，as for instance in the case of a lawyer driving a school bus.In the second sense，it means working part-time when one would prefer to be working full-time.In the third sense，it is a form of over-staffing(人浮于事) in which employees are not being fully made use of.
All forms of underemployment have an effect on the economy and the health of the business community.Long-term underemployment can also cover up the truth behind the employment situations.When nations collect employment statistics，they usually come up with a base number of “unemployed” individuals，using that number to judge the health of the job market.This number does not include part-time workers looking for full-time jobs，as they are considered employed，and it also doesn't reflect workers who are underpaid，considering their qualifications.
In the first sense，underemployment is a common problem in many of the developed world.Many people with college degrees are working in low-level or service industry jobs because the job market is full.
The issue of part-time employment is also very serious.Some people are forced into part-time jobs，while others find themselves taking a part-time job because nothing else is available，even though they really need to work full-time.This problem is especially common in areas with seasonal employment，where employers find it cheaper to maintain and lay off part-time staffs，rather than keeping a full staff at all times.
In the sense of shortage of workers，underemployment appears in a variety of situations.Some companies maintain a full staff to be prepared for seasonal work，or to keep well-trained，qualified workers so that they will be available when needed.Labor laws and union pressures may also prevent a company from cutting down on staff or working hours，leading to a situation in which people report to work，but have nothing to do.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。低度就业或不充分就业不是指没有工作，常常指有着某种专业资格的人从事着非专业的工作，也指本应该从事全职工作，而实际在做临时工作，或者人浮于事的状态。本文给我们讲述的就是低度就业的三个层面及其形成原因。
1．The purpose of the passage is ．
A．to show underemployment is becoming more serious today
B．to imply women are laid off more than men
C．to explain the meaning of “underemployment”
D．to tell the present economic situations
【解析】 主旨大意题。全文在解释underemployment的含义，故选C。
【答案】 C
2．According to the text，underemployment means ．
A．the same meaning as the word—unemployed
B．employees are not fully taken charge of
C．qualified workers get a low salary
D．people who do manual work for wages
【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段对underemployment的解释：“In the third sense，it is a form of over-staffing in which employees are not being fully made use of.”可知B正确。
【答案】 B
3．When it comes to unemployment statistics， ．
A．the underpaid workers are included
B．it implies the people who are jobless
C．the part-time employees are included
D．it shows the employment situation of a country
【解析】 推理判断题。第二段的第三句提及国家的就业统计，包含临时工作的人和现在付给工资的人，由此推断失业统计则包含没有工作的人，故选B。
【答案】 B
4．Which of the following is NOT TRUE to the 4th and 5th paragraph?
A．Underemployment only occurs in advanced countries.
B．People with college degrees sometimes take a part-time job.
C．Part-time staffs seem to benefit from firms less.
D．Companies need full-time staffs indeed.
【解析】 细节理解题。虽然第三段提到了在发达国家低就业很常见，但是并没有说低就业仅发生在发达国家，由此可知A不符合文章的意义。误解分析：根据第三段第二句可知B正确；第四段的it cheaper to maintain and lay off part-time staffs说明C正确；根据第四段的even though they really need to work full-time可知D正确。
【答案】 A
Ⅲ.阅读填句
Things to Remember When You're Having a Bad Day
Even the hardest days contain lessons that will help you be a better person.Feeling down? Consider these things to remember when you're having a bad day.
·No one promised life would be perfect.
1 Don't base your happiness on meeting every expectation you set for yourself.It is good to be ambitious，but you'll never be perfect.If you expect otherwise，your life will be filled with disappointments.
· 2
Trees that are slow to grow bear the best fruit.Don't kid yourself into thinking success will come quickly.It isn't easy to be patient，but anything worth doing requires time. 3
·Without hard times，you wouldn't appreciate the good ones.
Strength does not come from winning.Your struggles develop your strengths.When you go through hardships and decide not to give up，that is strength. 4 It is hard to find much to smile about when you fail，but how else would you improve yourself? If you look at failures as a part of your growing process，you'll stay positive and follow your goals for as long as it takes.
·It's OK to cry sometimes.
Do not apologize for crying.Without this feeling，we are only robots.Don't be afraid of crying. 5 Instead，it is an acceptable way to let go of your depressed feelings.If you let those feelings build up without release(释放)，you'll have a much harder time dealing with them later.
A．Don't get sad if you lose.
B．It isn't a sign of weakness.
C．Success doesn't happen overnight.
D．It's not OK to worry now and then.
E．Don't compare your life with others.
F．Remember: Rome was not built in a day.
G．If you look for perfection，you'll never be content.
【答案】 1—5 GCFAB
Ⅳ.短文改错
My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even had to wait outside.My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking.My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time.Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.
【答案】
My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to I live.Though not very big, the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even to wait outside.My uncle tells me that the key to his success is .Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables high quality oil are for cooking.My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in short period of time.Instead, he hopes that business will grow .
