新课标译林版英语选修5Unit 3 Science and nature（课件+教案+练习）

The EC approves the sale of cloned young into the food chain
克隆动物早已不再“犹抱琵琶半遮面”。为了保护克隆的福利，欧盟委员会这次走得更远……
The European Commission has published a report approving the right of member states to sell cloned animals' young and their products into the food chain.
The commission said a ban would not be proper in terms of protecting animals' welfare and public health.It added that a clone traceable system would be needed，because food from the clones' young“cannot be distinguished from food from other animals”．
The move could cause a big change for the Food Standards Agency(FSA) which at present forbids the sale of food from the clones' young without a license.Steven Innes，a farmer，was found to have done so last year and was punished.With the commission's proposal，Mr.Innes wouldn't have been punished.Indeed all farmers in the UK would be able to buy materials from clones and sell their products into the food chain.
George Lyon said，“It's clear that the FSA is out of line with the rest of the member states in how it explains the present rules and，of course，under these new rules，it still is out of line.So hopefully they will come to their senses and see they do have to move on this subject.”
[阅读障碍词]
1．approve v． 同意，批准
2．clone vt. 克隆
3．food chain n. 食物链
4．traceable adj. 可追踪的
5．out of line(with sb./sth.) 与……不同/不一致
6．present adj. 目前的，现在的
[诱思导读]
阅读短文，回答下列问题。
1．What's the passage mainly about?


[答案]　The sale of cloned young has been made legal by the EC.
2．Why is a ban on selling cloned animals not suitable for the present situation?


[答案]　Considering cloned animals have appeared, there is a possibility that people sell them and get food from them.If there is a ban, some people may sell them illegally and then it's likely to prevent animals' welfare and public health.
Section Ⅰ　Reading (Ⅰ)(Welcome to the unit & Reading)
Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思
(　　)1.tissue A．n.忧虑，焦虑，不安
(　　)2.intention B．vt.& vi.收割(庄稼)n.收获；收成
(　　)3.anxiety C．n.医师；内科医生
(　　)4.adopt D．n.(生物的)组织；纸巾
(　　)5.physician E．vt.使改变外观或性质；使改变形态
(　　)6.consequence F．n.意图，目的；企图
(　　)7.harvest G．n.结果，后果
(　　)8.transform H．vt.收养，领养；采用，采纳
[答案]　1－4　DFAH　5－8　CGBE
Ⅱ.选择下列句中词组的汉语意思
A．戏弄，摆弄　B．义无反顾地进行　C．供出售
D．一般而言 E．导致；造成 F．全神贯注于
(　　)1.I wish you'd concentrate on what I'm saying.
(　　)2.There was a camera for sale in the window.
(　　)3.In general，employers do little to help the single working mother.
(　　)4.You shouldn't toy with great issues.
(　　)5.The government of China intends to push ahead with its space project.
(　　)6.This policy has led to a dramatic increase in our prison population.
[答案]　1－6　FCDABE
The perfect copy
Scientists have announced that they have cloned(克隆)the first human embryo(胚胎)①.This has caused much debate round the world.On the one hand，some scientists point out that if you clone an embryo, you can produce valuable human tissues－such as bone or lung tissue(组织)－that could be used to save human lives②. On the other hand，many people，including some scientists③，disagree and are afraid that, if mankind toys with(戏弄)nature in this way，we may be on our way to producing a real-life(现实生活中的)Frankenstein's monster(怪物)．
完美的复制品　
科学家宣布他们已经克隆出了第一例人类胚胎。这引起了世界范围的争论。一方面，一些科学家指出如果克隆人类胚胎，你就可以制造出宝贵的人体组织——如骨组织或肺组织——它们可以用来拯救人类的生命。另一方面，包括一些科学家在内的许多人持不同意见，他们担心人类如果如此戏弄自然，可能将制造出一个现实生活中的弗兰肯斯坦怪物。
[助读讲解]　①that引导宾语从句，作announced的宾语。②第一个that引导宾语从句，而在宾语从句中又含有if引导的条件状语从句。第二个that引导定语从句，修饰valuable human tissues。③介词短语including some scientists＝some scientists included。
Cloning is producing an exact(精确的)copy of a plant or an animal using its cells.The first mammal(哺乳动物)to be cloned successfully④from an adult cell(细胞)was Dolly the sheep.She was born in 1996 and died in early 2003, at a much younger age than normal.When she was born, many people were worried that cloning would lead to more diseases in the animal world.However, in general the scientists were praised for their wonderful scientific advance.
克隆就是利用动物或植物的细胞制造出一个一模一样的动物或植物的复制品。第一只成功地用成年动物细胞克隆出的哺乳动物是多利羊。她出生在1996年，但2003年初就死掉了，比正常情况下羊的寿命要短得多。在她出生时，很多人担心克隆会给动物世界带来更多疾病。然而，总体上来说，科学家们还是因为其突出的科学进步而得到了人们的称赞。
[助读讲解]　④the first＋n.＋to do...表示“第一个/批做……的人/物”。如果名词前有the first/second或next等表示次序的词修饰，则常用不定式作其后置定语。
Ian Wilmut, the Scottish(苏格兰的)scientist who created Dolly⑤，is shocked that some scientists are now considering cloning human beings.Although he researches cloning⑥， his intention(目的)has never been to create copies of humans.Instead，he thinks research efforts should concentrate on creating new tissues and organs that can be used to cure diseases like cancer⑦.However, some people believe that cloning human embryos with the intention of destroying them shows no respect for human life.
创造出多利羊的苏格兰科学家伊恩·威尔莫特在得知有些科学家正在考虑克隆人的消息后感到非常震惊。尽管伊恩·威尔莫特研究克隆，但他的目的根本不是要制造人类的复制品。相反，他认为研究精力应该集中在创造新的、可用于治疗像癌症这样的疾病的组织和器官上。但是，有些人认为怀着摧毁人类胚胎的意图来克隆人类胚胎是对人类生命的不尊重。
[助读讲解]　⑤who引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。⑥although引导让步状语从句。⑦that引导定语从句，修饰先行词new tissues and organs。
Even though human cloning is causing a lot of anxiety(忧虑)，it is good news for Faye Wilson, a 41-year-old saleswoman(女销售员) who cannot have a baby.⑧‘I am anxious to have a child of my own，’ she says.‘I don't want to adopt(领养) someone else's child－if I had the chance, I would have a cloned baby right now⑨.’
尽管克隆人类正在引起很多担忧，但是这对于不能生育的41岁的女售货员费伊·威尔逊来说却是个好消息。“我现在渴望有个自己的孩子，”她说，“我不想领养别人的孩子——如果我有这个机会，我会立即要一个克隆婴儿。”
[助读讲解]　⑧even though引导让步状语从句；a 41-year-old saleswoman是Faye Wilson的同位语，who引导定语从句。⑨这里if引导非真实条件句，从句为虚拟语气，表现与现在事实相反的情况。
While cloning human embryos is not legal(合法的) in many countriesB10, some scientists are already pushing ahead with(努力推进) research in order to produce a cloned human baby.Severino Antinori, an Italian physician(内科医生), has declared that he wants to be the first to clone a human being.
In China, scientists have focused their efforts on cloning animals, as well as cloned tissues to be used in medical treatment.China has succeeded in producing clones of cows and goats(山羊)，and continues to research ways in which cloning can benefit mankind?.
尽管克隆人类胚胎在很多国家还不合法，但一些科学家正在加紧研究，以制造出克隆的人类婴儿。一位意大利医生塞韦里诺·安蒂诺里宣称自己想成为克隆人类的第一人。
在中国，科学家则把精力集中在克隆动物以及组织上，以便用于医学领域的治疗上。中国已经成功克隆了牛和山羊，并在继续研究利用克隆技术造福人类的各种途径。
[助读讲解]　⑩while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。?in which引导定语从句来修饰ways，并可换成that或省略。
Dear Editor
I believe that human cloning is wrong.If we toy with nature, we will have to deal with the consequences(后果)．Who knows what could happen?？ Human life would just become a crop to be harvested(收割) or a product for sale(待销售)．
尊敬的编辑，
我认为克隆人类是错误的。如果我们戏弄自然，我们将不得不应付各种后果。谁知道会发生什么呢？人类生命将只不过是待收割的庄稼或待售的产品而已。
[助读讲解]　?what could happen为宾语从句，作knows的宾语。
The human race is using up(用尽) the Earth's natural wealth.We should be having fewer babies in order to reduce the Earth's population, not cloning more.
I feel sorry for the lady who cannot have a baby, but I would like to point out that there are many children in the world ? with no parents who would be delighted to have a mother?.
Pauline Carter
人类正在耗尽地球的自然资源。为了减少地球人口数量，我们应该少生孩子，而不是克隆更多的人。
我为那位不能生育的女士感到遗憾，但是我想要指出的是世界上有许多没有父母的孩子，如果有了母亲他们会很高兴的。
波琳·卡特
[助读讲解]　?that引导宾语从句，作point out的宾语。?who引导定语从句，修饰说明many children。
Dear Editor
I would like to comment on your article, ‘The perfect copy’．I think the scientific advances mentioned in your article? are fantastic！I am in complete agreement with human cloning.After all, scientists have been challenging moral ideas for centuries.Why should we stop them now？
尊敬的编辑，
我想点评一下你们发表的文章《完美的复制品》。我认为你们文中所提及的科学发展很是神奇！我完全同意克隆人类。毕竟，好几个世纪以来科学家们一直都在挑战道德的问题。我们为什么要选择在这个时间来阻止他们呢？
[助读讲解]　?mentioned在此为过去分词短语作定语，表被动。
On a personal note, cloning would totally transform(改变) my life.Seven years ago, my 10-year-old daughter died of heart failure.She was beautiful, cheerful and bright.I miss her every single day.If I had the chance, I would clone her immediately so that I could be with her again?.
Colin Jake
就我个人而言，克隆将彻底改变我的生活。七年前，我10岁的女儿死于心脏衰竭。她很漂亮、活泼、聪明。我每天都在思念她。如果我有机会，我会立刻把她克隆出来，这样我就能重新和她在一起了。
科林·杰克
[助读讲解]　?if引导虚拟条件句(本句表示与现在事实相反的情况)。so that引导目的状语从句。
第一步　速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
速读P42－43教材课文，匹配段落大意。
1．Part 1(Para.1) A．a debate after cloning Dolly
2．Part 2(Para.2) B．different attitudes to cloning human
beings
3．Part 3(Paras.3～5) C．a debate after cloning human embryos
4．Part 4(Para.6) D．Chinese scientists' work on cloning
[答案]　1－4　CABD
第二步　细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P42－43教材课文，选择最佳答案。
1. According to the passage，“The perfect copy” is an article about the cloning of ．
A．animals B．plants
C．human beings D．tissues and organs
2．How does the scientist who created Dolly feel about human cloning?
A．Shocked. B．Excited.
C．Ashamed. D．Calm.
3．All the following are true EXCEPT that ．
A．there're a lot of people worried that cloning would lead to more disease in the animal world after cloning Dolly
B．the first cloned animal in the world proves cloning is wrong
C．Severino Antinori shows great interest in human cloning
D．Chinese scientists are on the way to producing cloned animals
4．What can we infer from the whole passage?
A．Cloning animals is illegal in Italy.
B．Chinese scientists are trying to benefit mankind by using cloning technology.
C．Chinese scientists want to be the first to clone a human baby.
D．Colin Jake agrees with the scientists who want to clone a human baby.
[答案]　1－4　CABB
第三步　研读——能力升华　接轨高考
根据P42－43教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With Dolly cloned 1.successfully(successful) from an adult cell，some other animals have already been created.Some scientists even have the 2.intention(intend)to clone humans and they 3.are pushing(push) ahead with research now，4.although/though it is not legal in many countries.China has succeeded in 5.producing(produce) clones of cows and goats.
Just 6.as the saying goes，“Every coin has two sides.” On the one hand，cloning can produce 7.valuable (value)human tissues 8.to be used(use) in medical treatment.On the other hand，human cloning causes much anxiety.Some people say if we toy 9.with nature，we will have to deal with the 10.consequences(consequence)．
课件49张PPT。Unit 3 Science and natureSection Ⅰ　Reading (Ⅰ)(Welcome to the unit & Reading)successfullyintentionare pushingalthough/thoughproducingasvaluableto be usedwithconsequencesThank you for watching !Section Ⅱ　Language points(Ⅰ)(Welcome to the unit & Reading)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词。
1．He can't grasp the basic concepts(概念)of mathematics.
2．Having been married for years without a child，my uncle and aunt are considering adopting(收养)an orphan.
3．He has consulted the physician(内科医生)about his health.
4．The quiet girl has come to life since she began working as a saleswoman(女售货员)．
5．Every cell(细胞)in an animal's body contains all its genetic information，but scientists hold that they all have a special role.
6．If you want to know the exact meaning of this word，look it up in the dictionary.
7．Many caged birds live longer than their fellows in the wild.
8．People are debating whether it is legal to clone a human.
9．Rich soil is very important for having a good harvest．
10．The growth of violent crime is a very real problem.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示写出下列单词。
1．intend v．打算，计划；想要→intention n．意图，目的；企图
2．anxiety n．忧虑，焦虑，不安→anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的
3．legal adj.法律许可的，合法的→illegal adj.非法的
4．consequent adj.由某事物引起的；随之发生的
→consequence n．结果，后果→consequently adv.所以，因而
5．transform vt.使改变外观或性质(尤指向好的方向)；使改变形态→transformation n．变化，转化
adj.＋-il→adj. (反义词)
adj.(-t)→n.(-ce)
legible→illegible 难以辨认的
liberal→illiberal 不开明的
logical→illogical 不合逻辑的
absent→absence 缺席
present→presence 出席
confident→confidence 信心
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语。
1．on the one hand 一方面
2．on the other hand 另一方面
3．toy with 戏弄，摆弄；把……当作儿戏
4．push ahead with 义无反顾地进行，努力推进
5．for sale 供出售，待销售
6．in general 一般而言
7．point out 指出
8．concentrate on 全神贯注于
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空。
1．I felt I could not move another step，but after lunch I got my second wind and pushed ahead with the rest.
2．In order to pay off his debt，he put up his car for sale last week.
3．Generally speaking，it's hard to spend enough time in both concentrating on lessons and taking part in social activities.
4．While she was talking on the phone，she toyed with her pencil.
5．As has already been pointed out，grammar is not a set of dead rules.
prep.＋n.→介词短语
push＋prep./adv.→动词短语
at war 在交战
in danger 处于危险
under construction
在修建中
push forward 继续前行
push over 推翻，推倒
push through 使通过
1．The first mammal to be cloned successfully from an adult cell was Dolly the sheep.
第一只成功地用成年动物细胞克隆出的哺乳动物是多利羊。
[记句式结构]
“序数词＋名词＋to do”表示“第……个做……的”，不定式作定语。
[仿写促落实]
Wang Yaping is the first Chinese to teach in space．
王亚萍是第一个在太空授课的中国人。
2．I don't want to adopt someone else's child—if I had the chance，I would have a cloned baby right now.
我不想领养别人的孩子——如果我有这个机会，我会立即要一个克隆婴儿。
[记句式结构]
对现在的事实进行假设时，if虚拟条件句用一般过去时，主句用“would/should/could/might do”结构。
[仿写促落实]
If we paid no attention to smoggy days now，we would suffer severe air pollution.
假如现在我们对雾霾天气不重视，我们将遭受严重的大气污染。
3．While cloning human embryos is not legal in many countries，some scientists are already pushing ahead with research in order to produce a cloned human baby.
尽管克隆人类胚胎在很多国家还不合法，但一些科学家正在加紧研究，以制造出克隆的人类婴儿。
[记句式结构]
while表示“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
[仿写促落实]
So in my opinion，while we are confident in ourselves，we should recognize strengths in others and show due respect for them.
因此，在我看来，尽管我们对自己很自信，我们还是应该意识到别人的长处并向他们表示应有的尊敬。
4．I would like to comment on your article，‘The perfect copy’．
我想点评一下你们发表的文章《完美的复制品》。
[记句式结构]
would like to do sth.表示“想要/愿意做某事”。
[仿写促落实]
I would like to have a cup of tea.
我想喝杯茶。
5．When reading articles about science，we often come across difficult scientific terms.
当我们阅读有关科学的文章时，我们经常会遇到一些很难的科学术语。
[记句式结构]
“when＋现在分词”是省略的状语从句，表示“当(某人)做某事时”。
[仿写促落实]
When walking along the street，I heard my name called.
走在大街上时，我听见有人叫我的名字。
on the one hand...on the other hand...
一方面……另一方面……
(教材P42)On the one hand，some scientists point out that if you clone an embryo，you can produce valuable human tissues—such as bone or lung tissue—that could be used to save human lives.On the other hand...
一方面，一些科学家指出如果克隆人类胚胎，你就可以制造出宝贵的人体组织——如骨组织或肺组织——它们可以用来拯救人类的生命。另一方面……
(1)on(the)one hand...on the other(hand)...
通常用于引出不同的，甚至是对立的观点或理由
(2)for one thing...for another(thing)...通常用于引出性质或感彩上相同的观点或理由
①On the one hand，rapid development of the economy will improve the living conditions of people.On the other hand，it will speed up environmental destruction.
一方面，经济的迅速发展将会提高人们的生活条件。另一方面，它将会加快对环境的破坏。
②For one thing，I haven't any money；for another(thing)，I have no time.
一则我没有钱，二则我没有时间。
[名师点津]　
该短语省略知多少
on the one hand中的the可以省略，与on the other hand一起用时，可以把第二个hand省略。有时也可只用后一个短语。
exact adj.精确的，准确的
(教材P42)Cloning is producing an exact copy of a plant or an animal using its cells.克隆就是利用动物或植物的细胞制造出一个一模一样的动物或植物的复制品。
(1)to be exact 确切地说
(2)exactly adv. 精确地；正确地
exactly speaking 确切地说
not exactly 不尽然；不算是
①It happened late last century—in 1895 to be exact.
它发生在上世纪晚期，确切地说，发生在1895年。
②To be exact/Exactly speaking，the population increased by 10% last year.
确切地说，去年人口增加了百分之十。
③We are not exactly (exact) driving fast.
我们开得不算是很快。
concentrate on 集中精力于；全神贯注于
(教材P42)Instead，he thinks research efforts should concentrate on creating new tissues and organs that can be used to cure diseases like cancer.
相反，他认为研究精力应该集中在创造新的、可用于治疗像癌症这样的疾病的组织和器官上。
(1)concentrate(sth.) on (doing) sth.
(将……)集中于/专心于(做)某事
concentrate one's attention/efforts/thoughts on...
把某人的注意力/努力/思想集中到……
be concentrated on/upon... 集中于/专心于某事
(2)concentration n. 专心，专注
①He concentrated his attention on studying.
他把注意力集中于研究。
②Efforts are concentrated (concentrate) on controlling pollution in key river valleys.
(我们)集中力量对重点流域的污染进行控制。
③I knew that concentration(concentrate) was the first requirement for learning.
我知道专心致志是学习的首要条件。
[联想助记]　
表示“全神贯注于/专心于”的短语还有：
focus on/upon，be buried/absorbed/lost in，devote oneself to，focus/fix one's attention on等。
intention n．意图，目的；企图
(教材P42)However，some people believe that cloning human embryos with the intention of destroying them shows no respect for human life.但是，有些人认为怀着摧毁人类胚胎的意图来克隆人类胚胎是对人类生命的不尊重。
(1)with the intention of 以……为目的/意图
have/show(no)intention of doing sth. 有(无)意做某事
(2)intend v. 打算，想要
intend sb.to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
intend to do/doing sth. 打算做某事
had intended to do sth. 本打算做某事
be intended for 为……打算(或设计)的
①(2018·全国卷Ⅲ·完形填空)But when Dennis Williams received a text that clearly wasn't intended for him, he did something special.
但当丹尼斯·威廉姆斯收到一条显然不是打算发给他的短信时，他做了一件特别的事情。
②Patient as he was，he had no intention of waiting for three hours.
尽管他很有耐心，可是他并无意等三个小时。
③We had intended(intend)to do everything according to the schedule，but it didn't turn out as planned.
我们本打算按计划做每件事情，但结果不像计划的那样。
anxiety n．忧虑，焦虑，不安
(教材P42)Even though human cloning is causing a lot of anxiety，it is good news for Faye Wilson，a 41-year-old saleswoman who cannot have a baby.
尽管克隆人类正在引起很多担忧，但是这对于不能生育的41岁的女售货员费伊·威尔逊来说却是个好消息。
(1)anxiety about/over...　 对……的忧虑，因……产生的不安
anxiety for... 对……的渴望
anxiety to do... 对做……的渴望
(2)anxious adj. 焦虑的，挂念的；渴望的
be anxious about/for 担心/挂念……
be anxious for sth. 渴望得到某物
be anxious to do sth. 渴望做某事
be anxious that... 渴望……
①The teacher praised him for his anxiety for knowledge.
老师称赞他求知的欲望。
②(2018·江苏高考·阅读理解D)However, the research suggested that as they headed toward their teens, they became increasingly anxious online.
然而，研究表明，当他们接近青少年时，他们在网上变得越来越焦虑。
③Some students say they can't sleep well before exams because they are anxious about/for the grades.
因为担心分数，一些学生说他们在考试前睡不好。
④Whenever I hear some natural disasters happen in our country，I am anxious to participate(participate)in the rescue work.
无论何时我听到我们国家发生了自然灾害，我都急切想要参与到救援工作中。
[名师点津]　
anxious意为“担心的，焦急的”，强调对结果感到不安；eager意为“热切的，渴望的”，强调对成功的期望或进取的热情，含有积极向上的意思。
adopt vt.收养，领养；采用，采纳
(教材P42)I don't want to adopt someone else's child—if I had the chance，I would have a cloned baby right now.
我不想领养别人的孩子——如果我有这个机会，我会立即要一个克隆婴儿。
(1)adopt...as... 收养……为……
(2)adopted adj. 收养的
an adopted son 养子
(3)adoptive adj. 收养的；有收养关系的
an adoptive father 养父
(4)adoption n. 收养；采取
①Though he is an adopted son，he treats his adoptive parents better than their own son.
尽管他是一个养子，但是他对待养父母比他们的亲生儿子还好。
②The family have adopted three children as their own.
那个家庭收养了三个孩子作为自己的孩子。
③They argued him into the adoption (adopt) of the plan.
他们说服他采纳这项计划。
[明辨异同]　adopt/adapt
adopt
收养，领养；采用，采纳(议案、意见等)
adapt
适应于，适应不同情况；改编，改写；改变……以适合，使适合(adapt...to...)；改编(adapt...for...)
　adopt，adapt
④The young couple had no children of their own and adopted an orphan.After a few months，the orphan came to adapt to his new life.
push ahead with义无反顾地进行，努力推进
(教材P42)While cloning human embryos is not legal in many countries，some scientists are already pushing ahead with research in order to produce a cloned human baby.
尽管克隆人类胚胎在很多国家还不合法，但一些科学家正在加紧研究，以制造出克隆的人类婴儿。
push aside 不考虑，把……搁置一边
push forward (不顾困难)继续前进
push over 推倒，推翻
push through 使通过；挤过去
①Some young people push their parents aside after their marriage.有些年轻人结婚之后就不管父母了。
②Though it rained hard，the soldiers pushed forward to the earthquake-stricken area.
尽管下着大雨，战士们仍然朝着震区前进。
③The crowd in the station was so thick that I had to push through to reach my friend.车站人群太拥挤，我不得不使劲挤，才能挤到朋友跟前。
consequence n．结果，后果
(教材P43)If we toy with nature，we will have to deal with the consequences.
如果我们戏弄自然，我们将不得不应付各种后果。
(1)in consequence＝as a consequence 因此，结果
in consequence of＝as a consequence of
由于；作为……的结果
(2)consequent adj. 随之发生的，作为结果的
consequently adv. 结果
①As a consequence，children become so reliant on their parents that they have no independent thoughts or creative ideas.
结果，孩子们变得非常依赖他们的父母，没有独立的思考或创造性的主意。
②The health of millions of people is under threat as a consequence of rising temperatures and uncertain weather patterns.
由于气温持续上升和不确定的气候模式，数百万人的健康正面临威胁。
③In consequence of the deep snow，school will not open today.
由于雪很深，学校今天停课。
④He had been ill for a long time and consequently (consequent)he was left behind in his work.
他生病很长时间了，结果他的功课落下了。
for sale 供出售，待销售
(教材P43)Human life would just become a crop to be harvested or a product for sale.
人类生命将只不过是待收割的庄稼或待售的产品而已。
not for sale 非卖品
on sale 正在出售；减价出售
go on sale (商品)上市
make a sale 做一桩买卖
have a large/good sale 销路好
①I'm sorry.This painting is not for sale.
很抱歉，这幅画是非卖品。
②I haven't made a sale all week.
整整一个星期我什么也没有卖出去。
③Tickets are on sale from the booking office.
售票处正在售票。
transform vt.使改变外观或性质(尤指向好的方向)；使改变形态
(教材P43)On a personal note，cloning would totally transform my life.
就我个人而言，克隆将彻底改变我的生活。
(1)transform/change...into...　 把……变成……
transform...from...into 把……从……转变成
(2)transformation n. (彻底)改变，改观
①(2018·全国卷Ⅰ·阅读理解B)The team transforms the family's long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.
这个团队用更便宜但仍然美味的食谱改变了家庭漫长的周末庆祝活动。
②The experiences transformed her from a weak girl into a strong woman.
这些经历把她从一个柔弱的姑娘变成了一个坚强的女性。
③The place，once a small town，has been transformed into a modern major city.
这个地方，曾经是一个小镇，已经变成一个现代化的大城市了。
④There was a noticeable transformation(transform) in his appearance.
他的容貌发生了明显的变化。
(教材P42)The first mammal to be cloned successfully from an adult cell was Dolly the sheep.
第一只成功地用成年动物细胞克隆出的哺乳动物是多利羊。
[要点提炼]　本句中不定式短语to be cloned...作后置定语修饰句子的主语the first mammal。
被修饰词是或其前有以下词时，常接不定式作后置定语：
(1)序数词、形容词最高级、the last，the only，the next等
(2)抽象名词attempt，desire，ability，ambition，chance，way等
(3)不定代词something，anything，nothing等
①(2018·全国卷Ⅲ·阅读理解C)He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.
他是第一个获得该奖项的中国公民。
②That has nothing to do(do) with what we're discussing.
那与我们所讨论的问题毫不相干。
③A characteristic of the camel is its ability to live(live) for a long time without water.
骆驼的一个特点是不喝水也能活很长时间。
(教材P42)I don't want to adopt someone else's child—
if I had the chance, I would have a cloned baby right now.
我不想领养别人的孩子——如果我有这个机会，我会立即要一个克隆婴儿。
[要点提炼]　本句含有一个与现在事实相反的if虚拟条件句，if从句使用了一般过去时，主句使用了“would＋动词原形”。
虚拟语气的用法：
(1)对过去的虚拟：从句用过去完成时，主句用“would/could/might＋have done”。
(2)对现在的虚拟：从句用一般过去时(be动词的过去式用were)，主句用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。
(3)对将来的虚拟：从句用一般过去时或“were to/should＋动词原形”，主句用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。
①If he hurried，he could catch the first bus.
他要是快点，就能够赶上首班公共汽车。
②If he had come(come)here yesterday，he would have seen his old friend.
假如他昨天来这儿的话，就会看见他的老朋友了。
③If it should rain/were to rain/rained(rain) tomorrow，they couldn't go out.
如果明天下雨的话，他们就不能出去了。
[名师点津]　
if虚拟条件句倒装情况
若从句中含有were，had，should时，可把if省略而把were，had，should放在句首。
Had you taken my advice，you wouldn't have failed in the examination.
如果你接受了我的建议，你就不会考试不及格了。
1．When she was born，many people were worried that cloning would lead to more diseases in the animal world.
[分析]　该句为主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句，that引导宾语从句。
[翻译]　在她出生时，很多人担心克隆会给动物世界带来更多疾病。
2．I feel sorry for the lady who cannot have a baby，but I would like to point out that there are many children in the world with no parents who would be delighted to have a mother.
[分析]　该句为but连接的两个并列分句，各并列分句中又包含从句。第一个分句中who cannot have a baby是以the lady为先行词的定语从句；第二个分句中that引导的从句作point out的宾语，其中who would be delighted to have a mother是以children为先行词的定语从句。
[翻译]　我为那位不能生育的女士感到遗憾，但我想要指出的是世界上有许多没有父母的孩子，如果有了母亲他们会很高兴的。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He had intended(intend)to go to Beijing today，but he postponed the trip when he heard that there would be a downpour at noon.
2．The Winter Olympics to be held(hold)in Beijing in 2022 will surely bring in many international tourists.
3．Our government has been actively pushing ahead with scientific research in this field.
4．If I were(be) Bill Gates，I would donate much money to Project Hope.
5．The manager said that all video equipment was on sale today and tomorrow.
6．Recently，to expand employment，the Chinese government has adopted(adopt)a policy of encouraging college graduates to take positions in rural areas.
7．Jim's illness is just what his mother is anxious(anxiety) about.
8．How can an ugly duck be transformed(transform)into a beautiful swan?
9．Exactly(exact) speaking，the train will arrive at 9：15 a．m.
10．When concentrating on/upon the task，you will finish it as quickly as you can.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．居里夫人是世界上第一个两次获得诺贝尔奖的人。
Marie Curie is the first person in the world to receive two NobelPrizes．(不定式作定语)
2．虽然我不怎么喜欢艺术，但我发现他的作品令人赞叹。
While I really don't like art，I find his works impressive.(while)
3．如果他早点告诉我的话，我就不会那样做了。
If he had told me earlier，I would not have done like that.(if虚拟条件句)
4．他去了布朗小姐的办公室，为了告诉她所发生的事情。
He went to Ms Brown's office with the intention of telling her what had happened.(intention)
5．她渴望毕业并找一份工作。
She is anxious to finish school and get a job.(anxious)
课件83张PPT。Unit 3 Science and natureSection Ⅱ　Language points(Ⅰ)(Welcome to the unit & Reading)conceptsadoptingphysiciansaleswomancellexactfellowscloneharvestcrimeintentionanxietylegalconsequencetransformoneonwithwithforinoutonpushed ahead withfor saleconcentrating ontoyed withpointed outto teach in spacepaid no attention towe would sufferwhile we are confident in ourselveswould like to haveWhen walkingforexactlyare concentratedconcentrationofhad intendedabout/forto participateasadoptionadoptedadaptforwardthroughInconsequentlyonintotransformationto doto livehad comeshould rain/were to rain/rainedhad intendedto be heldwithwereonhas adoptedanxiousbe transformedExactlyon/uponto receive twoNobelPrizesWhile I really don't like artIf he had told me earlierwith the intention of telling heris anxious to finish school点击右图进入…Thank you for watching !Section Ⅲ　Grammar——过去分词
语 境 自 主 领 悟
先观察原句
后自主感悟
1.When she was born，many people were worried that cloning would lead to more diseases in the animal world.
2....if I had the chance，I would have a cloned baby right now.
3.I think the scientific advances mentioned in your article are fantastic！
1.例句1中的过去分词作表语。
2.例句2和例句3中的过去分词都作定语。单个的过去分词作定语时，要放在被修饰词之前，过去分词短语作定语时，则要放在被修饰词之后。
一、过去分词的构成和意义
1．过去分的构成
过去分词通常是由动词后加“-ed”构成的，少数过去分词有不规则变化形式。注意：过去分词无时态和语态的变化。
2．过去分词的意义
及物动词的过去分词通常既表被动，又表完成；不及物动词的过去分词只表完成，不表被动。
The books，written by Lu Xun，are popular with many Chinese people.
鲁迅写的这些书，受到了许多国人的喜爱。(表被动和完成)
Once recovered，he threw himself into his work and made every effort to do it well.
他一康复就投身到他的工作中去并且尽一切努力把它做好。(只表完成)
二、动词-ed形式的句法功能
过去分词具有形容词和副词的特征，可在句中作定语、表语、补语和状语等成分。
1．作定语
(1)单个的动词-ed形式作定语一般放在被修饰词的前面(left除外)，相当于一个形容词。
The excited people rushed into the building.
激动的人们奔进了大楼。
There is no food left on the table.
桌子上没有剩余的食物。
(2)动词-ed短语作定语通常放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。
The suggestion made by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager.
那个外国专家提出来的建议被经理采纳了。
(3)动词-ed短语作定语也可用作非限制性定语，前后用逗号隔开。
The meeting，attended by one thousand students，was a great success.
这次会议获得了很大的成功，共有一千名学生出席。
[名师点津]　
动词-ed形式作定语往往表示被动、完成；动词-ing形式作定语表示主动、正在进行；不定式作定语则表示还未发生。
The girl standing by the door is my daughter.
在门口站着的那个女孩是我的女儿。
The meeting to take place here is very important.
要在这里召开的会议很重要。
[即时训练1]　单句语法填空
①The meeting held(hold) last night was about safety.
②Tell the children playing(play)outside not to make too much noise.
③All the broken(break)windows have been repaired.
2．作表语
(1)动词-ed形式作表语主要表示主语的心理或所处的状态。
Don't touch the glass because it is broken.
不要碰那个杯子因为它是破的。
He felt disappointed after his request was refused.
他的请求被拒绝后，他感到很失望。
[名师点津]　
有的动词-ed形式作表语，相当于形容词，且大部分已转化为形容词，常见的有：delighted，disappointed，discouraged，drunk，amused，astonished，hurt，interested，crowded，tired，satisfied，pleased，surprised，worried，excited，married，puzzled，upset等。
(2)过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别。
动词-ed形式作表语，表示主语的性质、特征或状态。用作表语的过去分词，被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态。此时的过去分词相当于一个形容词，其后常不跟by短语。被动语态的动词-ed形式，被动意味很强，句子主语为动作的承受者，后常跟“by＋动作的执行者”。
My grandfather was delighted to hear I passed my exams.
我祖父听到我通过考试感到很高兴。
The new tissues and organs are used to cure diseases by doctors.
新的组织和器官被医生用来治疗疾病。
[即时训练2]　单句语法填空
①The fact is that the shop is now closed(close)．
②As we joined the big crowd I got separated(separate) from my friends.
③The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain seated(seat) as the plane was making a landing.
3．作宾补
动词-ed形式作宾语补足语，其逻辑主语是句子的宾语。宾语与宾语补足语之间是被动关系。
后跟动词-ed形式作宾语补足语的动词大致可分为以下三类：
①make，get，have，keep等使役动词。
When will you go to the hospital and have your tooth examined?
你什么时候去医院检查你的牙齿？
②see，hear，feel，find等表示感觉和心理状态的动词。
She saw the thief caught by policemen.
她看见小偷被警察抓住了。
The old man found his hometown much changed.
这位老人发现自己的家乡有了很大的变化。
③like，want，wish，order等表示希望、要求、命令等意义的动词。
The manager doesn't like such questions discussed at the meeting.
经理不喜欢在会上讨论这样的问题。
[即时训练3]　单句语法填空
①I heard my name called(call)in the street.
②He tried to make himself understood(understand)by his students in class.
③He wanted his name included(include)in the list.
4．作状语
动词-ed形式作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等，在作用上相当于相应的状语从句。
(1)表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。
Accepted by the Party(＝After he was accepted by the Party)，he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.
入党以后，他决定献身于党的事业。
(2)表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。
Depressed(＝Since he was depressed)，he went to see his elder sister.
他感到沮丧，就去拜访他姐姐了。
(3)表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。
Grown in rich soil(＝If they are grown in rich soil)，these seeds can grow fast.
如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
(4)表示让步，相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。
Exhausted by the running(＝Though/Although they were exhausted by the running)，they went on running after the robber.
尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽，但他们还是继续追赶着那个强盗。
(5)表示方式或伴随情况。
The old man went into the room，supported by his wife(＝and was supported by his wife)．
那个老人在他妻子的搀扶下走进了房间。
[名师点津]　
有些动词-ed形式因为来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示被动而表示状态。这样的动词-ed形式及短语常见的有：lost(迷路)；seated(坐)；hidden(躲)；stationed(驻扎)；lost/absorbed in(沉溺于)；born(出生)；dressed in(穿着)；tired of(厌烦)等。
Lost/Absorbed in deep thought，he didn't hear the sound.
因为沉溺于思考之中，所以他没听到那个声音。
Born in this beautiful town，he hates to leave it.
出生于这个美丽的小镇，他不愿离开它。
[即时训练4]　句型转换
①Seen from the top of the hill，the city looks like a big garden.
→When it is seen from the top of the hill，the city looks like a big garden.
②Given another chance，he will do better.
→If he is given another chance，he will do better.
③Laughed at by many people，he continued his study.
→Although he was laughed at by many people，he continued his study.
④Satisfied with what he did，the teacher praised him in class.
→As the teacher was satisfied with what he did，she/he praised him in class.
单句语法填空
1．The carbon produced when we breathe is much less than that produced by a car.(produce)
2．He has a frightened(frighten) look on his face.
3．Lost(lose)in thought，he almost fell into the water.
4．The sailors returned two weeks later，tired(tire)．
5．When asked(ask)to sing a song，she couldn't refuse.
6．Properly marked(mark)with numbers，the books can be easily found.
7．When you speak English，you are sure to make yourself understood(understand)．
8．The old man looked very pleased to see his apartment beautifully decorated(decorate)．
9．The experience gained(gain) will give you more confidence to help your customers.
10．The man delivering(deliver) mails to my office every day is a retired(retire)worker.
课件33张PPT。Unit 3 Science and natureSection Ⅲ　Grammar——过去分词表语定语之前之后heldplayingbrokenclosedseparatedseatedcalledunderstoodincludedWhen it is seenIf he is givenAlthough he was laughedAswas satisfied withproducedproducedfrightenedLosttiredaskedmarkedunderstooddecoratedgaineddeliveringretiredThank you for watching !Section Ⅳ　Language points(Ⅱ) (Word power，Grammar and usage & Task)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词。
1．Scientists have made a major breakthrough(突破) in the treatment of cancer.
2．If you are not sure about the information you find，consult other web pages to confirm(确认) it.
3．According to the survey conducted(实施)by this university，only 18% are for the idea.
4．We have a tight schedule for your brief visit.I hope you don't mind.
5．The majority of students were in favour of the suggestion that they(should)go out for a picnic the next Sunday.
6．Having taken the matter into consideration many times，we decided not to buy such an expensive car.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词。
1．profession n．职业，行业→professional adj.职业的，专业的
2．origin n．起源；来源；起因
→original adj.原来的，起初的；首创的；非复制的
3．judge v．评价；判断 n．法官
→judgement n．判断力；看法，评价；(法律)判决
4．summary n．总结；概括，概要→summarize vt.概括；总结
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语。
1．turn out 证明是；结果是；生产
2．be/get burnt out 耗尽体力，累垮
3．follow in one's footsteps 效仿某人
4．figure out 想出；理解；弄清楚；计算出
5．take...into consideration 认真考虑
6．in summary 总的来说，概括起来
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空。
1．Don't work so hard，or you will get burnt out．
2．She works in education，following in her father's footsteps．
3．Taking everything into consideration，the event was a great success.
4．New technologies have made it possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.
1．He is always working in his lab，trying to figure out all the mysteries that make him puzzled.
他总是在实验室里工作，想要弄明白困惑他的所有奥秘。
[记句式结构]
be always doing sth.“总是做某事”，常表达说话人的某种情绪，如赞扬、不满、责备等。
[仿写促落实]
The boy is always giving me a hand whenever I am in trouble.
每当我有困难，这个男孩总是出手相助。
2．He must have been working too hard to notice!
他当时肯定是工作太努力而没有注意到！
[记句式结构]
too...to...“太……而不能……”。
[仿写促落实]
The bike seemed too heavy and difficult to control．
自行车似乎太沉而且难以控制。
3．The boy was more frightened than hurt.
这个男孩与其说受伤倒不如说是害怕。
[记句式结构]
more...than...“与其说……倒不如说……”。
[仿写促落实]
The boy is more diligent than clever．
与其说这个男孩聪明倒不如说他勤奋。
turn out结果是；证明是；原来是；出席；在场；生产
(教材P46)It could turn out to be a monster!
结果它可能会成为一个怪物！
　写出下列句中turn out的含义
①The work turned out (to be)more difficult than we thought.结果是
②All of the students turned out to watch the sports meet.到场
③The factory turns out 900 cars a week.生产
turn in 上交；交还；退还
turn on 打开；扭开
turn off 截断；关掉
turn up 来到；露面；开大，调高
turn down 拒绝；调小
turn to 向……求助；转向；翻到(书中的某页)
turn over 翻身；翻转
④You must turn in your uniform before you leave the army.退伍时应将制服上交。
⑤We arranged to meet at the cinema at 7：30，but he failed to turn up．
我们约定7点30分在电影院见面，但他没来。
⑥(2018·全国卷Ⅱ·完形填空)We chatted about everything and then Ben turned to me.
我们聊了很多，然后Ben转向我。
This morning, my grandmother turned on the radio to listen to news as usual.She felt she could not hear clearly, so she turned it up．But it was no use.She had to turn to my father for help.I saw my father turn off the radio and turn it over to see what was wrong.It turned out that the button didn't work any more.My father repaired it and told my grandmother to turn down the radio, for the neighbor's little baby was asleep at the time.
今天早上，祖母像往常一样打开收音机听新闻。她感觉听不清楚，便把声音调大，但是没起作用，她只得求助于我父亲。我看到父亲关掉了收音机并翻过来看哪里出了问题，原来是旋钮出故障了。我父亲修好旋钮后让祖母把声音调小，因为这个时候邻家的小孩子在睡觉。
judgement n．判断力；看法，评价；(法律)判决
(教材P49)I think we should be cautious and use good judgement when making decisions about cloning.我认为我们在对克隆做出决定时应该谨慎行事，做出好的判断。
(1)make a judgement on/about 对……做出判断
in one's judgement 依某人看来，按某人的看法
(2)judge n. 法官，裁判
v. 判断，判决；审判
judge sb./sth.to be 认为某人/某物是……；把某
人/某物评价为；判……
judge...from/by sth. 根据……来判断
(3)judging by/from... 根据……来判断(作状语)
①In experts' judgement，global warming will continue for a while.
根据专家的判断，全球变暖还会持续一段时间。
②My friend refused to make a judgement about the situation.
我的朋友拒绝对形势作出评判。
③Judging(judge)by his accent，he must be an American.从他的口音来判断，他一定是个美国人。
[名师点津]　
独立成分总结
judging by/from用作独立成分，其中的judging不可以换为judged。类似用法的还有：
strictly speaking严格地说；honestly speaking诚实地说；generally speaking一般来说；roughly speaking大致说来
be/get burnt out耗尽体力，累垮
(教材P51)I'm totally burnt out.
我完全累垮了。
burn out 烧掉；烧毁……的内部；熄灭；
烧坏；烧尽；精疲力竭
burn up 被烧毁；被烧掉(通常指烧掉除
建筑物以外的东西)；烧起来
burn down 烧毁；火力减弱
burn away 烧掉；烧光
burn...to the ground 把……烧为平地
burn with anger 勃然大怒
①The oil lamp has burned out.油灯熄灭了。
②If you put on more wood，the fire will burn up．
如果你加入更多的木柴，火就会烧起来的。
③The Grand Hotel had burnt to the ground.
格兰德大酒店被大火夷为平地。
relation n．关系；亲戚
(教材P56)Public Relations Manager公关经理
(1)bear no relation to 与……无关；与……不符
in/with relation to 关于；涉及；与……相比
(2)relationship n. 关系；联系
have relationship/relation with sb./to sth.
和……有联系；与……有关
(3)relative adj. 有关系的；相对的
n. 亲戚；亲属
(4)related adj. 有关系的
be related to... 与……有关系
①A relation/relative of mine is coming to stay.
我有个亲戚要来此暂住。
②(2018·全国卷Ⅱ·阅读理解D)Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can't forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren't for casual conversation.
把闲聊当成无关紧要的话题很容易，但我们不能忘记，如果没有闲聊，深厚的人际关系甚至都不会存在。
③I have a lot to say in/with relation to that affair.
关于那件事，我有很多话要讲。
④I am related(relate)to that firm.
我与那个公司有关系。
follow in one's footsteps效仿某人
(教材P56)...but this does not mean that we should follow in their footsteps.
……但这不意味着我们要效仿他们。
follow in the footsteps of sb.＝follow in one's footsteps
效仿某人，步某人的后尘
follow sb.'s example＝follow the example of sb.
仿效他人的做法
follow one's advice 听从某人建议/忠告
follow the fashion 赶时髦，赶潮流
follow the rules 遵守规则
as follows 如下
①He followed the doctor's advice and had no further trouble.
他听从了医生的建议，就没有再出现问题。
②The results we had discussed are as follows.
我们讨论的结果如下。
③I don't want you to follow (follow)my example and rush into marriage.
我不希望你效仿我也仓促结婚。
majority n．多数，大多数
(教材P56)I am sure that if you conducted a survey among UK citizens，it would show that the majority of people would not support this type of scientific research.
我确信如果你在英国公民中进行一项调查，结果会表明大多数人不会支持这种科学研究。
(1)the majority (of sb./sth.) 大多数(……)
in a/the majority 占大多数
by/with a majority 以多数票
(2)major vi. 主修
adj. 主要的；重要的；主修的
n. 主修课程
major in... 主修……专业
(3)minority n. 少数，少数派
be in a/the minority 占少数
①The majority of the people present at the meeting are in favor of banning smoking.
出席会议的大多数人支持禁烟。
②(2018·江苏高考·阅读理解D)Children as young as ten are becoming dependent on social media for their sense of self-worth, a major study warned.
一项重大研究警告称，10岁的孩子正变得依赖社交媒体来获得自我价值感。
③He believes that his supporters are in the/a majority.
他认为他的支持者占大多数。
④He was finally admitted to his ideal university and majored in architecture.
他终于被自己理想的大学录取了，主修建筑学专业。
[名师点津]
“the majority”作主语时，谓语动词用单复数形式皆可；“the majority of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要视名词单复数形式而定。
take...into consideration认真考虑
(教材P56)In summary，I insist that you take the opinions of the people of the UK into consideration，and end this practice immediately.总之，我坚持要求你把英国人民的意见考虑在内，立即终止这项实践。
(1)consideration n.　　 仔细考虑；必须考虑的因素；
体谅,顾及
be under consideration 在考虑中
(2)consider vt. 考虑；认为
(3)considering prep. 考虑到
①Several proposals are under consideration by the school board.
学校董事会正在考虑几个提案。
②Considering(consider) he's just started，he knows quite a lot about it.
鉴于他才刚刚开始，他懂得已经不少了。
③I'm considering buying(buy)a house for my son.我正在考虑给儿子买房子。
④This award is considered(consider)a great honour.
这项奖被视为极大的荣誉。
confirm vt.& vi.证实，证明；确认；使确信
(教材P57)Therefore，we cannot confirm that food from cloned animals is really safe for humans to eat.
因此，我们不能肯定来自克隆动物身上的食物可以非常安全地让人类食用。
confirm sb.in sth. 使某人确信某事
confirm sb.as 批准某人任某职
confirm sth./that/whether... 证实，确认……
It has been confirmed that... 已经确定……
①(2018·北京高考·阅读理解C)To confirm that the worms' chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown, the researchers made some worms into paste and applied it to plastic films.
为了证实仅仅是昆虫的咀嚼并不能分解聚乙烯，研究人员把一些昆虫制成糊状物涂抹到塑料膜上。
②The board has confirmed him as our sales manager.
董事会已经批准他担任我们的销售经理。
③It has been confirmed(confirm) that the 32nd Olympic Games will be held in Japan.
已经确定第32届奥运会将在日本举办。
(教材P49)He must have been working too hard to notice!
他当时肯定是工作太努力而没有注意到！
[要点提炼]　句中too...to...表示“太……而不能……”，可用not...enough to和so...that结构改写。
(1)不定式作结果状语，常用主动形式，其逻辑主语有时是句子的主语；若不是，不定式的逻辑主语通常由for引出。
(2)too...to...表示肯定意义的情况：
①too后跟ready，eager，willing，pleased，glad等表示心情或倾向性的形容词时
②too前有only，all等副词对其进行修饰时
③否定词not，never等用在too前时
①He was too short to reach the apples on the tree.
＝He was not tall enough to reach the apples on the tree.
＝He was so short that he couldn't reach the apples on the tree.
他太矮了够不到树上的苹果。
②I'm only too glad to go to see the movie with you.
我很高兴跟你一起去看电影。
③You can't be too careful to do your homework.
做作业时你越细心越好。
④The book is too difficult for us to read.
这本书太难了，我们读不了。
(教材P50)The boy was more frightened than hurt．这个男孩与其说受伤倒不如说是害怕。
[要点提炼]　句中的more...than...结构意为“与其……倒不如……”，此结构强调more后面的内容，表示同一个人或事物的两种特征对比，more和than后接形容词、副词的原级、名词或介词短语等两个并列成分。
(1)more than＋
(2)no more than＋数词 仅仅，只不过
not more than＋数词 不超过，不多于
①He is more than pleased with the result.
他对这个结果很满意。
②He was so poor that he had no more than ten dollars.
他穷得只剩下10美元了。
③In my judgement，he is not more than 30 years old.
依我看，他不超过30岁。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．They worked out an effective method，which was confirmed
(confirm)by the leadership.
2．As we all know，the majority of people are in favor of having only one child in a family now.
3．He is more lucky than clever.
4．Thousands of people turned out to watch(watch)yesterday's match against Ireland.
5．Lucy was completely burned out after jogging in the hot sun all afternoon；she had little energy left.
6．Considering(consider)that she is interested in children，I am sure teaching is the right job for her.
7．I haven't read both of his books，but judging(judge)by the one I have read I think he's a very promising writer.
8．Safe driving is good driving because it takes the lives of other people into consideration(consider)．
9．We have discussed a lot in relation to the accident.
10．He is too young to go(go) on his own.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．听完这个吓人的故事，一些小孩子吓得动弹不得。
Having listened to the scary story，some children were too scared to move．(too...to...)
2．这事与其说让人高兴，倒不如说让人担心。
It was more a worry than a pleasure.(more...than...)
3．已经证实，他不是偷你自行车的那个人。
It has been confirmed that he wasn't the person who stole your bike.(confirm)
4．科学家们在克隆方面取得的突破与他们的努力工作有关。
The breakthrough in cloning that scientists have made is related to their hard work．(be related to)
5．我们不应该根据外貌去判断一个人。
We shouldn't judge a person by/from his appearance.(judge...from/by...)
课件68张PPT。Unit 3 Science and natureSection Ⅳ　Language points(Ⅱ) (Word power，Grammar and usage & Task)breakthroughconfirmconductedbriefmajorityconsiderationprofessionoriginaljudgementsummaryoutoutinoutintoinget burnt outfollowing in her father's footstepsTakinginto considerationturn outis always giving me a handtoo heavy and difficult to controlmore diligent than clever结果是到场生产uptoturned onturnedupturn toturn offturnoverturned outturn downJudginguptoin/withrelatedasto followthe/ainConsideringbuyingis consideredashas been confirmedtooformorewas confirmedthemoreto watchⅠ.单句语法填空outConsideringjudgingconsiderationtoto gowere too scaredto movemore a worry thanjudge a person by/fromIt has been confirmed thatis related totheir hard work点击右图进入…Thank you for watching !Section Ⅴ　Reading(Ⅱ)(Project)
Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思
1．Agriculture A．n.利润，收益 vi.& vt.获益；对……有用
2．favour B．n.水道；航道；隧道
3．catastrophe C．n.农业
4．channel D．n.准许，许可，批准
5．frighten E．n.赞同，支持；恩惠，帮助
6．income F．n.灾难，灾祸
7．profit G．vt.使惊吓，使惊恐
8．permission H．n.收入，收益
[答案]　1－4　CEFB　5－8　GHAD
Ⅱ.选择下列句中相应词组的汉语意思
A．赞同，支持 B．观点 C．对……有益
D．因……而受责备 E．满足某人的需求
F．保护……免受……
1．Peasants try their best to defend their crops against being destroyed.
2．Fruits and vegetables are good for people's health.
3．No one seemed to listen to my point of view.I felt embarrassed.
4．The fishmen said that their small catches were enough to meet their needs.
5．Americans are hugely in favour of raising minimum wages.
6．The chairman was blamed for letting his secretary take on too much work last week.
[答案]　1－6　FCBEAD
第一步　速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
速读P58教材课文，匹配段落大意。
1．Para.1 A．Humans are moving towards an important point
in the relationship with nature.
2．Para.2 B．Humans can only really win by protecting nature.
3．Para.3 C．Nature resources have been seriously affected by
carelessness.
4．Para.4 D．Different attitudes towards the problem.
[答案]　1－4　CDAB
第二步　细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P58－59教材课文，选择最佳答案。
1．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Not everything that is best for nature is good for people.
B．Building factories can damage the Earth more seriously.
C．It is believed that it is mankind not technology that is damaging nature.
D．Many developed countries haven't realized the importance of keeping the balance of nature.
2．It's up to to find the best way of benefiting both man and nature.
A．developed nations B．developing nations
C．mankind D．nature
3．A plant or an animal can be genetically modified by ．
A．inserting new material into its DNA
B．giving the plant or animal natural qualities
C．taking its DNA from the plant or animal
D．removing the desired qualities from it
4．Which of the following is NOT the benefit of GM technology?
A．Larger harvest. B．Fewer pests.
C．Fewer diseases. D．More meat.
[答案]　1－4　ACAD
第三步　研读——能力升华　接轨高考
根据P59教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
GM food：hope or danger?
There has been great progress in the study of genetics.Doors 1.have been opened(open) up to technologies that never existed before.
2．Ways(way) in which a plant or an animal can be genetically modified.First，new material can 3.be inserted (insert) into its DNA to give the plant or animal 4.qualities (quality) which it would never have in nature.Second，material can be taken from 5.the DNA of a plant or an animal in order to remove qualities 6.which/that are not desired.
Aims of GM research：One aim of GM research is 7.to produce (produce) food which will make us 8.healthier (healthy)．Supporters of GM food argue that GM plants have larger harvests.
Questions about GM food：No one 9.really(real) knows whether it is safe for animals or humans to eat.No one knows what effects the GM material might have 10.on the food chain.
课件19张PPT。Unit 3 Science and natureSection Ⅴ　Reading(Ⅱ)(Project)have been openedWaysbe insertedqualitiesthewhich/thatto producehealthierreallyonThank you for watching !Section Ⅵ　Language points(Ⅲ)(Project)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词。
1．This poses(引起)a threat to agriculture(农业)and the food chain，and consequently to human health.
2．They own 200 acres(英亩) of farmland.
3．Insert(插入) our fingers between the layers and press them apart.
4．First，they damage the land by killing the helpful bacteria and pests(害虫) as well as the harmful ones.
5．Who was responsible for the disappearance of the rainforest(雨林)?
6．Since I moved to London last year，I have been working in an allnight fast-food chain．
7．The captain sailed his ship through the narrow channel.
8．Besides，we are just students，and we have no incomes of our own.
9．Two of history's worst natural catastrophes occurred in 1970.
10．China is a country rich in natural resources．
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词。
1．agriculture n．农业→agricultural adj.农业的
2．favour n．赞同，支持；恩惠，帮助；偏爱，偏袒
→favourable adj.有利的，有帮助的，赞同的
3．frighten vt.使惊吓，使惊恐
→frightened adj.害怕的→frightening adj.令人害怕的
4．profit n．利润，利益 vi.& vt.获益；对……有用
→profitable adj. 有益的，有用的；有利可图的
5．permit v．许可 n．许可证
→permission n．准许，许可，批准
n.＋-en→vt.
n./v.＋-able→adj.
threat→threaten 威胁
strength→strengthen 加强
length→lengthen 延长
believe→believable 可信的
break→breakable 易碎的
comfort→comfortable 舒适的
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语。
1．in favour of 赞同，支持
2．point of view 观点
3．meet one's needs 满足某人的需求
4．at a fast pace 以很快的速度
5．be good for 对……有益
6．be blamed for 因……而受责备
7．defend...against... 保护……免受……
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空。
1．China is rapidly developing at a fast pace．
2．Early to bed and early to rise is good for health.
3．Most people present are in favour of the project and few are against it.
4．He was blamed for his failure in the final exam by his parents.
5．The plan is totally unpractical from my point of view．
prep.＋n.＋prep. →介词短语
对比、记忆
in favour of赞同，支持
in honour of纪念
in need of需要
in charge of掌管
protect...against/from...
保护……免受……
defend...against/from...
防卫……免受……
prevent...from(doing)...
阻止……(做)某事
stop...from(doing)...
阻止……(做)某事
1．Not everything that is best for nature is good for people.
并非一切对自然最好的对人类也是好的。
[记句式结构]
not everything表示部分否定。
[仿写促落实]
The protection of our environment is not everything to be left to the government.
保护我们的环境的事情并不能全部都留给政府。
2....many developed nations are now concerned about saving nature rather than developing or destroying it.
……许多发达国家现在关注拯救自然而不是开发或破坏自然。
[记句式结构]
rather than连接两个并列成分或用于固定搭配中，意为“而不是，而不愿”。
[仿写促落实]
They are focusing on providing the services rather than doing research．
他们的重点在于提供服务而不是进行研究。
3....make sure that people enjoy healthy and happy lives，without the environment around them suffering.
……确保人们能享有健康、幸福的生活，同时又不损害其周边的环境。
[记句式结构]
“without＋宾语＋宾补”属于介词的复合结构，表示某种附加的条件、特征或结果。
[仿写促落实]
They debated for hours without a decision being made．
他们争论了几个小时，也没作出决定。
4．Nowhere is this truer than with genetically modified(GM)food.
转基因食品就是最好的例子。
[记句式结构]
(1)nowhere是否定副词，放在句首时引起部分倒装。
(2)否定副词与比较级连用表示最高级的肯定意义。
[仿写促落实]
Nowhere is the effect of government policy more apparent than in agriculture.
政府的政策对农业的影响最为显著。
in favour of赞同，支持
(教材P58)Would anyone say that development should be stopped in favour of nature?
难道我们为了保护自然就应该停止经济发展吗？
in sb.'s favour 对某人有利
do sb.a favour/do a favour for sb. 帮某人一个忙
do sb.the favour to do sth. 帮忙做某事
ask a favour of sb. 请某人帮忙
①The decision went in his favour，which delighted him.
这一决定对他有利，这使他很高兴。
②Will you do me the favour to close (close)the window?
你能帮忙把窗子关上吗？
③May I ask a favour of you?
能不能请你帮个忙？
[名师点津]　
in favour of是由“介词in＋名词＋介词of”构成的短语，此类常用短语还有：
①in control of 控制 ②in praise of 表扬，赞赏
③in place of 代替，取代 ④in memory of 为了纪念
⑤in search of 寻找 ⑥in support of 支持
⑦in terms of 至于……，就……而言
point of view观点
(教材P58)From the point of view of some people，we are only doing what humans have always done，using nature to meet our own needs.根据有些人的观点，我们只是在做人类一直在做的事情——利用自然满足我们自己的需求。
(1)
in one's view＝in the view of sb. 依某人看来
in view of 考虑到；由于
(2)view...as 认为……是,……
①From my point of view，the theory that was put forward by the scientist is not quite scientific.
依我看，那位科学家提出的理论不是十分科学。
②In view of the weather，we will cancel the outing.
因天气关系，我们要取消此次郊游。
③In my view and in the view of most people，it's a very sound investment.
照我和大多数人的看法，这是很可靠的投资。
④But now，many young people view it as a fashion item.
可如今，许多年轻人把它视为一种时尚单品。
[联想助记]　
表示“就某人来看，某人认为”的短语还有：
①as for/to sb.　　　　　　②in one's opinion
③as far as sb.be concerned ④from one's standpoint
frighten vt.使惊吓，使惊恐
(教材P59)While many people are excited about these new technologies，these same technologies frighten others.
尽管许多人因这些新技术而兴奋不已，这些同样的技术也使其他人恐惧。
(1)frighten sb.into/out of doing sth. 恐吓某人做/不做某事
frighten away/off 吓跑
(2)fright n. 恐怖；惊吓
(3)frightening adj. 令人害怕的；吓人的；可怕的
(4)frightened adj. 受惊的；害怕的
be frightened of(doing) sth. 害怕(做)……
be too frightened to do sth. 吓得不敢做某事
①I will never be frightened into staying silent on this matter.
在这种事情上，我永远不会被吓得保持沉默。
②She was frightened by the anger in his eyes.她被他眼中的怒火吓住了。
③I was frightened (frighten)of being left alone in the house.我害怕一个人待在屋里。
④Seeing the frightening scene，the girl was so frightened that she cried with fright．(fright)
看到这可怕的一幕，女孩非常害怕，以至于吓哭了。
profit n．利润，收益
vi.& vt.获益；对……有用
(教材P59)Research has been limited to increasing production profits，rather than making sure that GM foods are safe.
目前的研究只局限于增加生产利润，而不是确保转基因食品的安全。
(1)make a profit(on...) (在……上)获利/赚钱
make/earn a profit of... 获取……利润
gain a lot of profit from... 从……上受益匪浅
(2)profit from/by... 从……中获利/受益
(3)profitable adj. 有益的，有用的；有利可图的
①In recent years many football clubs have been run as business to make a profit.
近年来，很多足球俱乐部都进行商业运行，以谋求利润。
②We gained a lot of profit from your advice.
我们从你的建议中受益匪浅。
③We profit from the work of the specialist.
我们从专家的工作中得到益处。
④(2018·江苏高考·阅读理解B)It can be concluded that restaurant keepers need not “be overly concerned about ‘bad’ tables，”given that they're profitable(profit)．
可以得出这样的结论：只要有利于盈利，餐馆经营者不会“过度担心‘位置不好的’桌子 ”。
[名师点津]　
profit意为“利润，收益”时，是可数名词；意为“益处，得益”时，是不可数名词。
permission n．准许，许可，批准
(教材P59)Since no one really knows whether GM food is safe，many countries have hesitated to give permission for the production of GM foods，as they would rather be cautious with this new technology.
由于没有人确切地知道转基因食品是否安全，许多国家在是否允许生产转基因食品问题上犹豫不决，他们宁愿对这项新技术持谨慎的态度。
(1)without permission　 未经允许
(2)permit vt. 允许
n. 许可证
permit doing sth. 允许做某事
permit sb.to do sth. 允许某人做某事
permit of sth. 认可，容忍
①(2018·北京高考·阅读理解D)The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads.
加州机动车管理局将于4月份开始发放许可证，允许公司在公共道路上测试真正无人驾驶的汽车。
②The situation does not permit of any delay.
情势刻不容缓。
③We are permitted to have(have) a picnic by our parents.
父母允许我们去野餐。
④They entered the area without permission(permit)．
他们未经许可擅入该地。
(教材P58)Not everything that is best for nature is good for people.
并非一切对自然最好的对人类也是好的。
[要点提炼]　not everything表示部分否定。
(1)英语中all，both，each，every，everybody，everything，complete，completely，always，whole，wholly，entirely，altogether等具有总括意义的代词、形容词或副词与否定词not连用时，构成部分否定，表示“不都，并非都”的意思。
(2)none，nobody，no one，neither，nothing，nowhere等表示全部否定。
①I can't catch everything in the book.
我不能完全掌握手中的内容。
②Not all of us are busy today.
今天我们并非都忙。
③All is not gold that glitters.
(谚语)不是所有会发光的东西都是金子。
④Neither of the sisters is/are here.
两姐妹都不在这里。
(教材P58)After decades of destroying nature and using up natural resources，many developed nations are now concerned about saving nature rather than developing or destroying it.
在数十年破坏自然、过度消耗自然资源之后，许多发达国家现在关注拯救自然而不是开发或破坏自然。
[要点提炼]　rather than意为“而不是，而没有”，后可接名词、代词、动名词、形容词、动词原形、介词短语等。
(1)rather than 连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词依据前面的主语确定。
(2)rather than之后可以跟不带to的不定式，有时也可以接带to的不定式。其位于句首时，只能跟不带to的不定式。
(3)
①He came to China for promoting friendship rather than for making money.
他来中国是为了增进友谊，而不是为了赚钱。
②He would rather beg in the streets than get money in such a dishonest way.
他宁愿在街上乞讨，也不愿以这种不正当手段赚钱。
③Rather than stay here，I prefer to leave.
我宁愿离开而不是待在这里。
④Their mother rather than they is/was(be) to blame for the incident.
这件事应该由他们的母亲而不是他们负责。
(教材P59)Nowhere is this truer than with genetically modified (GM) food.
转基因食品就是最好的例子。
[要点提炼]　本句是倒装句，其中nowhere...truer than...为否定副词与比较级连用表示最高级的意义。
(1)否定词或短语放在句首时构成部分倒装。常见的这类词语有：not，no，nowhere，never，seldom，not until，no sooner...than等。
(2)比较级表示最高级意义的常见形式
①比较级＋than＋
②比较级与否定词连用
①I like nothing better than swimming.
我最喜欢游泳。
②Julia is taller than in her class.朱丽叶是她班上最高的。
③No one in my class works harder(hard) than Jack.
我们班没有人比杰克更用功。
④No sooner(soon) had we reached the station than the train left.
我们刚到车站，火车就开走了。
1．Other people argue that such thinking may cause a catastrophe，unless we start to look around and understand how a clean environment benefits us all.
[分析]　该句为主从复合句，that引导的是宾语从句，unless引导条件状语从句，句尾how引导宾语从句，作understand的宾语。
[翻译]　其他人则争辩说，这样的思维也许会招致灾难，除非我们开始环顾四周并理解清洁的环境能够让我们所有人受益。
2．Since no one really knows whether GM food is safe，many countries have hesitated to give permission for the production of GM foods，as they would rather be cautious with this new technology.
[分析]　该句为主从复合句，since与as在句中均引导原因状语从句；since引导的从句中含有一个whether引导的宾语从句。
[翻译]　由于没有人确切地知道转基因食品是否安全，许多国家在是否允许生产转基因食品问题上犹豫不决，他们宁愿对这项新技术持谨慎的态度。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．－I am tired.Perhaps we should have a break.
－Good idea.I am in favour of stopping work now.
2．They needed more troops to defend the border
against possible attack.
3．It made our headteacher angry that Wang Lin，without the permission(permit)from the school，was absent from class for a week.
4．Although we sank all our money into the firm，it still failed to make a profit.
5．None of the students are/is(be) in favor of the plan.
6．John prefers to stay at home rather than go(go)out for shopping.
7．A sudden stop can be a very frightening(frighten) experience，especially if you are travelling at high speed.
8．The boss said he was unable to meet their(they) needs if they asked for so high wages.
9．I have never spent a more worrying(worry) day.
10．From my point of view，human beings shouldn't develop an emotional relationship with robots.
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
One time，the teachers at a school wanted to teach the students about airplanes.While all airplanes can fly，some are able to fly farther than others.This is because not all airplanes are built the same.For example，a fighter plane looks very different from a plane that people fly in when they want to go on a holiday．The teachers wondered how they could make students understand this.
Then，the science teacher，Mr.Moose，decided that the school should have a paper airplane contest.The students would produce paper airplane designs．They would stand in line on the playground behind the school.The students would take turns throwing their airplanes.The student whose airplane went the farthest would win.
When Mr.Moose announced the paper airplane contest to the students，they were very excited.A student named Paul，who was on the wrestling team，bragged(吹牛) to everyone else that his airplane would win.“I am the strongest，”Paul said.“So I will be able to throw my airplane the farthest.”However，while Paul was saying this，another student，Brian，was thinking how he could win.Brian did not play any sports and was not very strong.But he loved airplanes and really wanted to win the contest.
Brian realized what he had to do.He went to the store and bought a big stack of paper.When he got home，he took the paper into his backyard.He took a piece of paper and folded an airplane.It didn't go very far，so Brian took another sheet and folded another airplane and threw it.This airplane went a little farther.Brian kept folding different kinds of airplanes and throwing them.Some went very far and some did not.Finally，when Brian had used all the paper，he walked up to the airplane that had flown the farthest and picked it up.
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
The next day was the contest.



Paragraph 2：
Brian won because he tried out many solutions to the problem of how to make an airplane fly very far.

[参考范文]
Paragraph 1：
The next day was the contest.All the students lined up.Everyone took turns.After a while，everyone had thrown except Paul and Brian.Paul went first.With a mighty yell，he launched the airplane into the sky.It went farther than every other airplane.Everyone clapped.Finally，it was Brian's turn.Brian took the airplane that he had picked up the day before.He walked up to the line and，with all his strength，he threw the plane.It went flying，farther and farther，until finally it landed—10 feet past Paul's plane！The whole school cheered.Brian was the winner.Mr.Moose gave him a prize：a toy airplane.
Paragraph 2：
Brian won because he tried out many solutions to the problem of how to make an airplane fly very far.He did this by testing out many different designs and comparing the results.When he found the design that worked best—the paper airplane that flew the farthest—he used it.Because Brian tried a lot of designs，he was able to make up for his lack of strength and beat Paul.
课件74张PPT。Unit 3 Science and natureSection Ⅵ　Language points(Ⅲ)(Project)agricultureacresInsertpestsrainforestchainchannelincomescatastrophesresourcesagriculturefavourfavourablefrightenprofitpermissioninofneedsatforforagainstat a fast paceis good forin favour ofwas blamed forpoint of viewnot everythingrather than doing researchwithout a decision being madeNowhere is the effect of government policy more apparent thanto closeofofasbyfrightenedfrighteningfrightenedfrightfromprofitableto havepermissionNeitheris/washardersoonerinagainstpermissionaare/isgofrighteningtheirmore worryingFrom点击右图进入…Thank you for watching !Section Ⅶ　Writing——英文书信
[文体指导]
英文书信是英语应用文的一个重要形式，它在行文方式及格式方面与中文书信格式有许多不同，一封完整的书信包括五部分，即信头、称呼、正文、结束语和签名，具体如下：
1．信头
寄信人的地址和写信日期，写在信的右上角。注意英语中地名的写法与中文不同，要从小到大；日期的写法也与中文不同，不是写在签名之下，而是写在寄信人的地址之下。习惯上人们采用美式英语表达，即月、日、年；月、日与年之间用逗号隔开，月份尽量不要缩写，如June 8，2018；而英式英语表达则为日、月、年，中间不用逗号隔开，如8 June 2018。
2．称呼
自成一行，顶格写。称呼语常用：Dear Sir/Madam/Manager/ Editor/Friends/Bob，称呼之后一般用逗号。
3．正文
信件的主体部分即为信的正文。正文写在称呼的下一行，与Dear后第一个单词对齐。正文通常包括三部分，即开头、目的和结尾。正文的开头语常用：Thank you for your last letter asking about...；I'm glad to...。正文的结尾语是正文的一部分，常常另起一行，常用的结尾语有：I'm looking forward to your reply；Thanks and all the best；Best wishes；Wishing you a pleasant journey。
4．结束语
结束语与正文的结尾语不一样，它要写在结尾语的下一行，位于书信的右下角，后面用逗号。常用的结束语有：Yours sincerely/faithfully/truly；Sincerely/Truly yours；Yours等。
5．签名
签名写在结束语的下一行，与结束语对齐，也就是签上写信人的名字。
1．With regard to the matter you mentioned in your letter，my suggestion is that you should come back to teach art in the west after graduation for the following two reasons.
关于你在信中提到的问题，我建议你毕业后回到西部教美术，有如下两个理由。
2．I'm writing to you about the lecture to be given next Monday.
我写信给您是关于下周一将举行的讲座。
3．I wish there were a better word than“thanks”to express my appreciation for your generous help.
感激之情，溢于言表。
4．I'm very interested in exploring the possibility of obtaining a position as a sales engineer with your company.
我对贵公司销售工程师的职位非常感兴趣。
5．I hope that the authorities concerned will consider my suggestions and improve the situation as well as they can.
我希望有关部门能考虑我的建议，并尽全力改善。
6．I feel that it would be beneficial to express my views concerning your fatness.
我觉得就你的肥胖问题我表达的观点可能会很有用。
7．If we had followed his advice，we could have done the job better，with less money and fewer people.
要是听取了他的意见，我们不仅可以节省人力、财力，而且还会把工作做得更好。
8．You should follow/take his advice that you (should)eat less meat.你应该接受他让你少吃肉的建议。
假定你是高二年级的学生李华，你发现你身边许多同学每次遇到考试都会出现一些焦虑症状。请你根据以下要点提示写一封信，向某英语报社编辑反映该问题。要点提示：
1．焦虑的原因及表现；
2．你的建议。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
体裁
英文书信
时态
一般现在时
主题
考试焦虑
人称
第一人称为主
结构
第一段：出现的现象——考试焦虑；
第二段：分析这一现象的原因、表现及危害；
第三段：提出具体的建议。
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1．Anxiety 焦虑
2．concentrate 集中精力
3．intention 目的，意图
4．have bad effects on 对……产生不好的影响
5．results 成绩
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式
(一)完成句子
1．我们中的一些人担心考试不及格以至于达不到父母的期望。
Some of us are so worried about failing in the exam that we can't come up to our parents' intentions.
2．所有这些对我们的考试成绩会产生不好的影响。
All these have bad effects on our results.
3．我们渴望减少焦虑。(be anxious to do)
We are anxious to reduce these anxieties.
4．我们应当证实考试仅仅是检验我们学得怎么样的一种方式。(confirm that宾语从句)
We should confirm that exams are just one way to check how we are getting along with our studies.
(二)句式升级
5．用“too...to...”结构升级句子1
Some of us are too worried about failing in the exam to come up to our parents' intentions.





[参考范文]　
Dear Editor，
I'm Li Hua of Senior Two.I'm writing to tell you about the anxieties among us students before exams.
Some of us are too worried about failing in the exam to come up to our parents' intentions.This is why most of us feel nervous before exams.Some can't concentrate，some can't sleep well，and some even have poor memories.All these have bad effects on our results and we are anxious to reduce these anxieties.
In my opinion，first we should confirm that exams are just one way to check how we are getting along with our studies，so there is no need for us to worry about the results.Then make a good plan and work hard.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
课件22张PPT。Unit 3 Science and natureSection Ⅶ　Writing——英文书信anxiety
concentrate
intention
have bad effects on
resultsSome of us are so worried about failing in the examhave bad effects onare anxious toWe should confirm thatSome of us are too worried about failing in the exam to come up to
our parents' intentions.点击右图进入…Thank you for watching !Unit 3　Science and nature
课时分层作业(七)　Section Ⅰ、Ⅱ
(建议用时：35分钟)
[语言知识练习固基础]
单句语法填空
1．She is the first one ____________(understand) that problem.
2．__________ the other hand，we students have to do masses of homework both at home and at school.
3．Many Chinese college graduates leave their country to get further education in America ________ the intention of getting better jobs in the future.
4．A lot of students waste their spare time surfing the Net；________ a consequence，they often fail to finish their homework on time.
5．Turn off the TV，so you can concentrate ________ your homework.
6．Nowadays，some hot network languages __________(adopt)in some official media，such as CCTV and People's Daily.
7．If he ___________(improve) his IT skills，he'd easily get a job.
8．The children were anxious for their mother ________(come) as soon as possible.
9．________(exact) speaking，you are to blame for the accident.
10．No matter what happens，we must push ahead ________ our plan.
[高考题型练习提能力]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Plant cloning has been an agricultural technique used by farmers and gardeners for centuries.Grafting(嫁接) is a common form of plant cloning.Many plants in nature actually clone themselves and reproduce asexually.
Cloned plants are much more predictable than normal plants，so their yield(产量)is more reliable.Cloned plants also reproduce faster，limiting the amount of time between planting and harvesting.It is also often cheaper to produce seeds through cloning than through traditional methods.Plants can essentially be optimized so that farmers or individual growers always have the best seeds available.With more yield at a faster rate，farms can produce more food for more people while decreasing overall costs.
Cloning can be used to wipe out diseases that previously killed off entire fields of crops.This would make plants immune(免疫的)to the kinds of diseases that farmers and gardeners around the world fear each year.Crop failures due to disease and virus could become a thing of the past.Also，plants that are near extinction can be brought back to life through cloning.
Through cloning scientists can develop“super”fruits and vegetables of superior nutritional quality.This could make for a healthier population overall.This is already being done through selective pollination(授粉)，and genetic cloning could take it to the next level.
By plant cloning we have a population of identical plants and all these plants equally suffer from the same diseases，but in nature the weak would die and the strong would survive.While there are some dangers to consider with plant cloning，there are plenty of benefits that could prove vital to the propagation(繁衍)of the human species.
1．The underlined word“optimized”in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by“________”．
A．enlarged B．produced
C．perfected D．examined
2．According to the text，cloned plants________．
A．have lower yield than normal plants
B．have a short growth cycle
C．resist various kinds of diseases
D．need little care from people
3．What can we infer from the text?
A．The fruits produced by cloned plants taste much better.
B．There are more cloned plants than normal plants.
C．Plant cloning can disturb the laws of nature.
D．People should avoid eating cloned fruits.
4．What is the main purpose of the text?
A．To warn the negative effects of plant cloning.
B．To present different kinds of plant cloning.
C．To predict the future of plant cloning.
D．To inform us about the advantages of plant cloning.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2019·山东省邹城市第一中学高二上学期期中)
Are These the Best Years of Your Life?
The ups and downs of life may seem to have no predictable plan.But scientists now know there are very clear life patterns that almost all people share.Even if you have passed some of your best years, you still have other good years to come. __1__
When are you smartest? From 18 to 25, according to I．Q.scores; but you are wiser and more experienced with increasing age.You're sharpest in your 20's; around 30, mental abilities begin to decline, particularly your ability to do maths.__2__ Your vocabulary at age 45, for example, is three times as great as when you graduated from college.At 60, your brain possesses almost four times as much information as it did at age 21.
__3__ You have the best physical sense of yourself from 15 to 24, when you feel energetic all the time.The best professional sense seems from 40 to 49.Before age 24, we believe that our happiest years are yet to come.Over 30, we believe that they're behind us.A National Health Survey agrees: After age 30, we “become more realistic and do not view happiness as a goal in itself.If we keep our health, achieve professional and emotional goals, then happiness, we feel, will follow.”
__4__ Generally between 30 to 39, but the peak(顶峰) varies with different professions.Mozart wrote a symphony by age eight, and Mendelssohn composed his best-known work，A Midsummer Night's Dream, at 17, but most of the great music was written by men between 33 and 39.Though the peak in most fields comes early－most Nobel Prize winners did their top research in their late 20's and 30's, creative people continue to produce quality work throughout their lives.__5__
A．When are you happiest?
B．When are you most creative?
C．But your ability to complete other tasks climbs.
D．The above gives you an accurate figure.
E．Certain good years seem to come later in life.
F．For people who are creative, there is no upper age limit.
G．The human life journey cannot be charted by a clear life pattern.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2019·内蒙古鄂尔多斯市第一中学高二上学期第三次月考)Yiwu, China, April 29 (Reuters)—The first freight train (货运列车) to run from Britain to China arrived in the city of Yiwu in eastern China on Saturday，1.________(complete) its 12，000 kms-journey.
The train，2._________carried items such as vitamins and baby products，3._________(greet) by traders and shipping company officials when it arrived at Yiwu West station after departing London on April 10.The first freight train from China arrived in Britain in January.
4．________(operate) by Yiwu Timex Industrial Investment, the Yiwu-London freight service makes London 5._________15th European city to have a rail link 6.________(direct) with China after the 2013 beginning of the “One Belt, One Road” initiative (倡议) by Chinese President Xi Jinping.
“This freight train is a 7._________(reflect) of the achievements of trade，” Yiwu Timex Chairman Timmy Feng told Reuters Television.
After leaving London the bright red train passed through seven 8.________(country)—France, Belgium, Germany, Poland, Belarus, Russia and Kazakhstan—before arriving in Yiwu.
For Britain，the train 9.________(be) part of an effort to strengthen trade links with the rest of the world as it prepares to leave the European Union 10.________two years' time.
课时分层作业(八)　Section Ⅲ、Ⅳ
(建议用时：35分钟)
[语言知识练习固基础]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．________(judge)by the look on his face，the news must have been terrible.
2．Manners are important to happy ________(relation)among people.
3．The majority of students ________(be)most interested in sports and computers nowadays.
4．We have to take his age into ________________(consider) when talking about the boy's performance.
5．My 10-year-old daughter was lying on the ground，______________(surround) by a group of broken scooter parts.
6．She works in television，________(follow)in her father's footsteps.
7．More and more people are addicted to the Internet so that they are getting burnt ________．
8．—Why did you buy this type of recorder?
—Because I saw this product ____________(advertise) wherever I went.
9．Tom is more ________ pleased with the score.
10．Despite our worries everything turned ________ well.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．听完这个吓人的故事，一些小孩子吓得动弹不得。
Having listened to the scary story，some children _________________.(too...to...)
2．这事与其说让人高兴，倒不如说让人担心。
It was ________________________ a pleasure.(more...than...)
3．已经证实，他不是偷你自行车的那个人。
________________________ he wasn't the person who stole your bike.(confirm)
4．他总是找别人的错而不是认真思索。
________________________ with others rather than thinking over.(be always doing)
5．十年前建的这座桥需要修了。
The bridge ____________________ needs repairing.(build)
[高考题型练习提能力]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Many people consider their pets members of the family and are very sad when they die，but what if you could clone your dog，cat or bird?
A scientist in New Orleans，who has proved his ability to clone other animals，is now offering the possibility to pet owners here in Wisconsin.
Scientists have not been able to clone dogs，cats or other pets，but if and when the time comes，several companies will be ready and able to do the job.
The question is: Are you ready to clone your pet? Brett Reggio is betting on it.He is working on his Ph.D at Louisian State University.He's successfully cloned a goat five times and wants to try the process on family pets.So he started a business called Lazaron.“What Lazaron provides is the first step in the cloning process.”He said，“It's for curing and storing the fiberglass cells that will be used for cloning.”
“Your first reaction is yeah！I think I'd like that.” said Donna Schacht，a pet owner.
“I don't believe you can ever replace a special love.” pet owner Paulette Callattion said.
Most pet owners will tell you freezing your pet's DNA in hopes of one day cloning it is a personal decision.
Scientists say that cloning your own pet doesn't mean that the offspring(后代) will have the same intelligence，temperament(性情) or other qualities that your pet has.
1．From the passage we know that scientists have ________．
A．tried to clone animals
B．cloned many kinds of animals
C．been able to clone pets for people
D．once cloned goats successfully
2．Brett Reggio started a business in order to______．
A．clone pets for people
B．store the DNA of people's pets for cloning one day
C．make pets members of a family
D．collect different ideas on cloning from people
3．Some people seem not interested in cloning pets because________．
A．they think it would be too expensive
B．they don't think scientists will one day be able to clone their pets
C．they think the cloned pet would not be the one they once had
D．they don't want to give any love to the cloned pet
4．If you cloned a pet，you might find that it________．
A．looked different from the pet you once had
B．turned out to be another kind of animal
C．had a different character
D．were just the same pet you once had
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2019·山西晋城一中高二月考)Throughout history man has had to accept the fact that all living things must die.But people now live longer than they __1__.Yet, all living things still show the __2__ of aging, which will eventually __3__ death.
Aging is not a disease, but as a person passes maturity (成熟期), the cells of the body and the __4__ they form do not fun_ction as well as they __5__ in childhood and teenage years.The body provides less __6__ against disease and is more __7__ to have accident.
A number of related causes may __8__ aging.Some cells of the body have a fairly long life, but they are not __9__ when they die.As a person ages，__10__ of brain cells and muscle cells decreases. __11__ body cells die and are replaced by new cells.In an aging person the __12__ cells may not be as workable or as capable __13__ growth as those of a young person.
Another __14__ in aging may be changes within the cells __15__．Some of the protein chemicals in cells are known __16__ with age and become less elastic (有弹性的)．This is why the skin of old people wrinkles (皱纹) and __17__ .This is also the reason why old people __18__ in height.There may be other more important chemical changes in the cells.Some complex cell chemicals, such as DNA and RNA, store and __19__ information that the cells need.Aging may affect this __20__ and change the information-carrying molecules so that they do not transmit the information as well.
1．A．would　 B．be used to C．used to D．used
2．A.fun_ction B．effect C．affect D．sign
3．A.lead in B．give in C．run into D．result in
4．A.hands B．feet C．heart D．organs
5．A.do B．has done C．did D．had done
6．A.energy B．protection C．prevention D．power
7．A.likely B．probable C．possible D．alike
8．A.attend to B．lead to C．add to D．devote to
9．A.replaced B．rebuilt C．recovered D．rearranged
10．A.a number B．the amount C．the number D．a great deal
11．A.The others B．Others C．Another D．Other
12．A.old B．left C．new D．other
13．A.to B．for C．of D．in
14．A.factor B．effect C．reason D．element
15．A.for themselves B．of themselves C．themselves D．on their own
16．A.to change B．to have changed C．change D．to be changed
17．A.hangs loose B．hangs loosely
C．is hanging loosely D．is hanging loose
18．A.increase B．shrink C．lengthen D．decrease
19．A.pass away B．pass by C．pass off D．pass on
20．A.improvement B．procession C．approach D．process
课时分层作业(九)　Section Ⅴ、Ⅵ
(建议用时：35分钟)
[语言知识练习固基础]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Everyone in the class voted ________ favour of the dancing party.
2．Miriam was too ________(frighten)to tell her family what had happened.
3．________ my point of view，she is the best among these students.
4．I have obtained a written ________(permit)from the chairman.
5．They make a profit ________ ten pence on every copy they sell.
6．America is the world's biggest exporter of ________(agriculture)products.
7．I have never heard a ________(good) voice than yours.
8．We'd like to read books on the playground rather ________ in the classroom.
9．Nowhere else along the coast ________(be) there such shallow water.
10．If you want to reach Juyu mountain，in Yuntai Mount，you must go through many ________(channel)．
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．很多科学家认为人类必定能从克隆技术中获益。
Many scientists hold the views that man is sure __________________．(benefit)
2．并非所有人都支持该计划。
Not all the people are ________________________．(in favour of)
3．他宁愿死也不愿意毫无尊严地活着。
He would like to die ________________ without any dignity.(rather than)
4．再没有比友谊更宝贵的了。
Nothing is ________________ friendship.(否定词＋比较级)
5．他比班上其他任何学生学习都要努力。
He is working ______________________________ in this class.(比较级＋than＋其他)
[高考题型练习提能力]
阅读理解
A
Orren Fox fell in love with chickens at nine.It was really almost by accident—Orren played in a friend's house whose family had chickens，and he became interested in the animals immediately.Later，he started volunteering every Saturday at a local farm；within a few months the farm owner suggested that Orren get a few chicks of his own.
“I don't know what it was，but something caught my interest，”says Orren，now 14.Today Orren has 23 chickens，four ducks，and 250，000 bees.His happy chickens lay a lot of healthy eggs，which he sells all the year round.He became a vegetarian(素食者)after he learned about the cruelty and negative environmental effects of factory farms.In his diary he writes about raising happy chickens and bees，food and healthy eating，farming，and generally making the world a better place.“Farming affects our earth more than anything else，”says Orren.“It's something you have to do correctly，or it will ruin our planet.It's often ignored，but for me，learning about where my food comes from has been really interesting.”
In fall 2009，Orren started a farm club at his school.“I wanted to get people to learn more about farming and what fun it is，”he says.
Orren's passion(热情)for farming and other types of animals continues to grow.He went to the Essex Country Bee School in early 2010 to learn about beekeeping.Orren now has three beehives(蜂箱)of happy bees.In the summer of 2011，Orren started to sell his honey，BeeHappy，to local stores.Next，he wants to raise sheep and goats.“I know a lot more about the environment and how farming affects it，but I still have a lot to learn，”says Orren.“I want to keep doing all of this as I get older.”
1．Orren became interested in chickens when________．
A．he saw chickens lay eggs
B．he raised some chickens by himself
C．he got some chickens from a farm owner
D．he visited a friend who had chickens
2．Orren started a farm club at his school in order to ________．
A．collect money for his farm club
B．employ people to raise animals for him
C．attract people to buy his products
D．help people learn more about farming
3．What can we learn about Orren from the text?
A．He has raised sheep and goats.
B．He sells not only eggs but chickens.
C．He is concerned about the environment.
D．He became a vegetarian under the influence of his friend.
4．What is the best title for this passage?
A．A rich farm owner
B．A great chicken keeper
C．It all began with the chickens
D．Raising chickens pollutes the environment
B
(2019·江西省新余市高二上学期期末)Every pet owner loves his pet.There is no argument here.
But when we asked our readers whether they would clone their beloved animals, the responses were split almost down the middle.Of the 228 readers who answered it, 108 would clone, 111 would not and nine weighed each side without offering an opinion.
Clearly, from readers' response, this is an issue that reaches deeply into both the joy and eventual sadness of owning a pet.It speaks, as well, to people's widely differing expectations over the developing scientific procedure.
Most of the respondents who favored the idea strongly believed it would produce at least a close copy of the original; many felt the process would actually return an exact copy.Those on the other side, however, held little hope a clone could never truly recreate a pet, many simply didn't wish to go against the natural law of life and death.
Both sides expressed equal love for their animals.More than a few respondents owned “the dog/cat in the world”．They thought of their pets as their “best friend”，“a member of the family，”“the light of my life”. They told moving stories of pets' heroism, intelligence and selfless devotion.
Little wonders the loss is so disturbing—and the cloning so attractive.“People become very close to their animals, and the loss can be just as hard to bear as when a friend or family member dies，” says Gary Kowalski, author of Goodbye, Friend: Healing Wisdom for Anyone Who Has Ever Lost a Pet.“For me, cloning feels like an attempt to turn death away...It's understandable.Death is always painful.It's difficult to deal with.It's hard to accept.”
But would cloning reduce the blow? This question seemed to be at the heart of this problem.
5．So far as the cloning of pets is concerned, a recent survey shows that, of all pet owners，_________．
A. a lot more of them are for it
B．a lot more of them are against it
C．very few of them are willing to tell their opinions
D．about half of them are for it and the other half against it
6．While talking about the respondents from the readers, the expression “eventual sadness of owning a pet” refers to ________．
A．the troubles one has to deal with in keeping a pet
B．the high cost of owning a pet
C．the death of one's pet
D．the dangers involved in the cloning of a pet
7．From what Gary Kowalski says, we can know that he________．
A．has never thought about the problem of cloning
B．is in favour of the idea of cloning pets
C．is going to write another book on pets
D．is all against the cloning of pets
8．What is the key question at the heart of the problem of cloning pets?
A．Can cloning make the pain one suffers less when a pet dies?
B．Can pet owners afford the cost of cloning?
C．Does cloning go against the law of nature?
D．How reliably does cloning produce an exact copy of one's pet?