人教版英语初中九年级上册知识讲解，巩固练习（教学资料，补习资料）：Unit 7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes. 第2

重点
Point 1. get in the way of挡……的路；妨碍 （Page 54 2b）
是固定短语，也可说成be/stand in the way, 其后可接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。
?Nothing can get in the way of our plans.没有什么能阻碍我们的计划。
【拓展】by the way意为＂顺便说一下＂；in a way意为＂在某种程度上＂；
on the/one’s way to...意为＂在去……的路上＂；in this way意为＂这样，以这种方式＂。
?By the way, where is the nearest hospital? 顺便问一下，最近的医院在哪里？
?In this way, we can finish a lot quickly.这个方法，我们可以更快地完成。
?On my way to school, I met Wang Li.在我上学的路上，我遇到了王丽。
【典例】Sixteen-year-olds should _________ to drive.
A. not be allowed B. be allowed
C. not be allowed D. be allow
【答案】C
Point 2 We have nothing against running! 我们不反对跑步！（Page 54 2b）
（1）have nothing against (doing) sth. 意为＂不反对（做）某事＂。
?I have nothing against singing loudly. 我不反对大声唱歌。
（2）against介词，意为＂反对；违背＂，其反义词为for，意为＂支持＂。
?All the people in the world are against war. 全世界人民都反对战争。
?They are all against the plan. 他们都反对这个计划。
【拓展】against作介词时，还可以表示＂紧靠；与……对抗；碰；撞＂等含义。
?His bike is against the wall. 他的自行车靠着墙。
?Our school will play against their school in the basketball game. 我们学校将与他们学校进行篮球赛。
?The rain beat against the windows. 雨点击打着窗户。
【典例】One of the opinions ________ smoking is that it is harmful to people’s health.
A. for B. against C. at D. in
【答案】B
Point 3 happen 不及物动词，意为＂发生＂。（Page 54 2b）
?Do you know what happened over there? 你知道那边发生了什么事吗？
【拓展】happen的用法：
（1）＂Sth.+happened+地点/时间＂意为＂某地/某时发生了某事＂。
?An accident happened in that street. 那条街上发生了一起事故。
（2）＂Sth. + happened to sb.＂意为＂某人出了某事（常指不好的事情）＂。
?A car accident happened to her this morning. 今天上午她出了车祸。
（3）＂Sb.+ happened to do sth.＂意为＂某人碰巧做了某事＂。
?I happened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上碰巧遇到了我的一个朋友。
（4）＂It happened + that从句＂意为＂碰巧……＂。
?It happened that I had no money with me. 碰巧我身上没带钱。
Point 4 choice 选择；抉择 （Page 54 2b）
?He is faced with a difficult choice. 他面临着艰难的抉择。
【警示】表示＂做出选择＂，通常用动词make。
?We each have to make a choice.我们每个人都得做出选择。
【拓展】（1）choice常用于短语have no choice but to do sth.，意为＂除了做某事以外，别无选择＂或＂只好做某事＂。
?I have no choice but to accept the fact. 除了接受这个事实外，我别无选择。
?He has no choice but to go with them. 他没有办法，只好跟他们一起去。
（2）choice的动词形式为choose, choose to do sth.意为＂选择做某事＂。
?I choose to be your friend. 我选择做你的朋友。
【拓展】choose 动词，意为＂选择＂。
?Please choose one from the five. 请从这五个中挑选一个。
【典例】这个小女孩没有其他办法，只好去找妈妈帮忙。
The little girl had ________________________ ask her mother for help.
【答案】no other choice but to
Point 5 Only then will I have a chance to achieve my dream.只有那样我才有机会实现自己的梦想。（Page 54 2b）
本句是一个倒装句，正常语序是I will have a chance to achieve my dream only then.。当only位于句首，其后接副词、介词短语或状语从句时，句子或主句要用部分倒装结构，即把助动词、情态动词放在主语前。如果only后跟的是主语，则不用倒装。
?Only in this way can you learn English well. 只有这样，你才能学好英语。
?Only three people were hurt in the car accident. 只有3个人在车祸中受伤。
【典例】Only by studying hard __________ hope to improve her English soon.
A. she can B. she did
C. can she D. did she
【答案】C
【魔法记忆】部分倒装巧记：only修饰副介状，位于句首半倒装。
Point 6 be strict with... 对……要求严格
?He loves his father very much though his father is strict with him.他很爱他的爸爸，虽然他爸爸对他要求严格。
【辨析】be strict with与be strict in
be strict with sb.
对某人要求严格
Is your mother strict with you？你妈妈对你要求严格吗？
be strict in sth.
对某事要求严格
He is always strict in his work.他对工作总是要求严格。
【典例】汉译英：
我们的老师对我们要求很严格。
Our teacher ________ very ________ ________ us.
【答案】is, strict with
【解析】be strict with sb.对某人要求严格，是固定结构，主语为第三人称单数，故用is。
Point 7 support v. n. 支持
support作动词，意为＂支持，资助，援助＂，常用结构：support sb.in (doing) sth.支持某人
(做)某事。
?I’ll try my best to support you in the work. 我将在工作中全力支持你。
support作名词，常用结构：give support to sb. 给予某人支持。
?Her family and friends have given her lots of support. 她的家人和朋友给了她许多帮助。
Point 8 enter v. 进来；进去
?She entered the room and closed the door. 她进了房间，关上了门。
【易错点】enter相当于come/go into，所以其后一般不再加介词＂into＂。
?She found that she entered a beautiful garden with all kinds of flowers. 她发现她进入了一个有各种各样花儿的美丽花园。
【典例】Jenny went into the classroom quietly.(改为同义句)
Jenny ________ the classroom quietly.
【答案】entered
Point 9 be serious about 对……认真
?He was serious about the matter. 他对那件事很认真。
be serious about (doing) sth.意为＂对(做)某事是认真的＂。
?I was serious about thinking about the problem. 我认真地思考了这个问题。
【拓展】be crazy about... 热衷于……
?He is crazy about reading. 他热衷于看书。
基础训练
一、根据文中提示完成单词，使句子完整。
1.＂Can I help you?＂ she asked _________ (礼貌地).
2. Our English teacher is _________ (有耐心的), we all like her.
3. What will we do next? We need to make a _________ (决定) now.
4. The blouse is made of _________ (棉花).
5. My parents often _________ (惩罚) me by not letting me watch TV.
二、句型转换。
1. Lucy was afraid of snakes.（用used to 改写句子）
Lucy ________ __________ be afraid of snakes.
2. The teacher told us, the sun rises in the east.（改为宾语从句）
The teacher told us _________ the sun _________ in the east.
3. The quilt is made of silk. （改为一般疑问句）
________ the quilt ________of silk?
4. The machine is used for making yogurt. （划线部分提问）
__________ _________ the machine used for?
5. Chinese people take pride in successful launching of Shenzhou X.（同义句转换）
Chinese people are __________ __________ successful launching of Shenzhou X.
三、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1. 他后悔昨天和他妈妈顶嘴。
He back to his mom yesterday.
2. Sam害怕在公共场合发表演讲。
Sam is afraid of in public.
3. 我妈妈不让我吃太多糖。
My mom me from too many candies.
4. 近些年来黄石发生了巨大的变化。
Great changes have in Huangshi in recent years.
5. 青少年应该远离电子游戏。
Teenagers should from computer games.
6. 这些学生将会分成三组。
The students will be 3 groups.
7. 人们相信台湾是中国的。
that Taiwan belongs to China.
8. 她的手提包掉了，但里面没有贵重的东西。
Her handbag is lost, but there is in it.
9. 我很荣幸向大家介绍我自己。
It’s my honor myself to you.
10. Candy再也没有太多私人时间了。
Candy doesn’t have much time .
四、根据句意及首字母提示完成单词
1. Will your parents s________ you when you make your own decision?
2. It is a difficult c ________to give up an interesting and satisfying job.
3. You should always knock at the door before you e________ a room.
4. Parents and teachers should a________ the teenagers to practice their hobbies.
5. If you want to a________ your dream, you must work hard.
五、用适当的介词填空
1. You should spend more time ________ your work.
2. I think teenagers shouldn’t be allowed to smoke. Do you agree ________me?
3. It is good for parents to be strict ________ their children.
4. It’s very friendly ________ him to help me when I’m in trouble.
5. They walked out of the forest ________ the end with the help of an old man.
六、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1. Teachers are usually ________(严格的) with their students in class.
2. Whatever she does, I will ________ (支持) her.
3. His sister ________ (进入) a good university last year.
4. I’m strongly ________(反对) smoking because it may cause cancer.
5. It is difficult for him to make a ________(选择).
七、根据汉语意思完成课文原句或原句改编
1. 我们不用担心这次比赛。
We needn’t ________ ________ the match.
2. 当我长大后我想做一名职业的跑步运动员。
I want________ ________a ________runner when I ________up.
3. 如果我最终没能成为一名歌手会怎么样呢？
What will happen if I don’t ________ ________as a singer?
4. 她认为她应该被允许为自己做决定。
She thinks she should be allowed to ________ ________herself.
5. 他们对打篮球很认真。
They’re________ ________playing basketball.
八、从方框中选择合适的单词并用其适当形式完成句子

1. Tom ____________ in climbing that mountain at last.
2. Yao Ming is a ____________ basketball player.
3. Yesterday’s talent show was a great ____________.

4. It’s ____________ for us to learn English well.
5. He began to realize the ____________ of studying hard.
九、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. My father has just finished ____________ (mend)the car on his own.
2. If you want to practice ____________ (run), you’d better not do it in the evening.
3. There is always ____________ (agree) between America and China, but the two countries have to co-operate(合作).
4. Are you allowed to make your own ____________(decide)at home?
5. Reaching this agreement so quickly was a great ____________ (achieve).
十、用方框里所给短语的适当形式填空
get in the way of, have nothing against,
end up, make a choice, as much as
1. I really hope you can take exercise ____________ you can.
2. In fact, he ____________ holding such an exciting party.
3. If you don’t know what you want, you might ____________ getting something you don’t want.
4. He believes taking up some hobbies cannot ____________ schoolwork.
5. It is the very time for you to ____________ for yourself.
能力提升
一、完形填空。
Sherlock Holmes is probably the best-known detective character in the world. But do you know that there was a Chinese detective who had similar 1 ?
He was Detective Dee—Di Renjie. Di Renjie appeared 2 the main character in a number of crime novels and films. In these novels and films, Detective Dee 3 many cases.
＂The first 4 of solving cases is that you need a good memory. The second is that you need to 5 watch people’s facial(面部的) expressions and judge(判断) their speeches,＂ explained Detective Dee in a movie.
6 there were always made-up stories in movies and novels, Detective Dee was a 7 person in history. This is unlike Holmes, who was 8 by UK writer Arthur Conan Doyle. Di Renjie was a prime minister(宰相) of the Tang Dynasty. Di Renjie is 9 for his wisdom. In some films, Dee is also a kung fu 10 who is good at fighting.
The written history of Dee can date back to the 1950s, 11 Robert van Gulik from Dutch wrote a series of detective novels 12 tells stories of Detective Dee. In history, 13 , Dee was more than a detective, he was also a judge(法官). It was said that 14 working as the head of the Supreme Court(大理寺), he was a great judge. During that time, he judged 17,000 15 in a year and not a single person complained.
1. A. ages B. skills C. appearances D. lifestyle
2. A. for B. with C. by D. as
3. A. discovered B. solved C. studied D. introduced
4. A. rule B. law C. lesson D. reason
5. A. lively B. politely C. closely D. simply
6. A. Unless B. Because C. Although D. When
7. A. real B. truely C. live D. clear
8. A. written B. played C. created D. covered
9. A. known B. seen C. shown D. acted
10. A. actor B. master C. writer D. player
11. A. unless B. what C. when D. if
12. A. those B. which C. it D. who
13. A. anyway B. sometime C. however D. moreover
14. A. while B. before C. until D. after
15. A. cases B. questions C. problems D. mysteries
二、阅读理解。
A
Anny was a five-year-old girl. One day when she and her mother were in a department store（百货商店）, Anny saw a plastic pearl necklace (珍珠项链). What a beautiful necklace! She wanted it very much, so she begged（乞求）her mother to buy it for her. The mother said, ＂Well, I can buy you the necklace, but when we get home, we should discuss what you can do to pay for it. Can we do that?＂ Anny agreed with much happiness, and she got the necklace.
How much Anny loved the necklace! She wore it everywhere and every minute. Anny also did part-time jobs to make pocket money. She worked very hard. Soon she succeeded in paying off the price for the necklace.
Anny’s daddy knew how she tried her best to get the necklace. He also knew how much Anny cared about it. One night, he asked Anny if she loved him. ＂Sure, Daddy.＂ the little girl said. ＂Then how about giving me your necklace?＂ ＂Oh, no, Daddy! Not my necklace!＂ Anny cried. ＂Oh, dear, it’s fine.＂ Her father gave her a kiss.
Several days later, Anny went to her daddy, with her lips(嘴唇) trembling(颤抖). ＂Here, Daddy. I love you.＂ She held out her hand. Inside it was the plastic pearl necklace that she loved so much.
When he saw this, Anny’s father smiled with surprise. He then pulled a cute box out of his pocket. Inside the box was a real and colourful pearl necklace, which was waiting for Anny for so long.
1. One day, Anny ___________ in a department store.
A. went to buy a necklace
B. got a plastic pearl necklace
C. bought her mother a pearl necklace
D. asked her mother to buy something tasty
2. Why did Anny’s mother ask Anny to pay for the necklace herself? Because ___________.
A. she didn’t have enough money
B. she wanted to buy her a real pearl necklace
C. she thought it was not right for little kids to wear a necklace
D. she wanted Anny to know that one should buy and pay for oneself
3. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Anny worked hard to pay for the plastic necklace
B. Anny’s father wanted the plastic necklace
C. Anny knew her father had bought her a real necklace
D. Anny gave the plastic necklace to her father because she didn’t like it any more
4. From the passage, we can learn ___________.
A. parents should buy their kids everything
B. kids should love their parents
C. parents shouldn’t ask for anything from their kids
D. how to educate kids in a right way
B
In the middle of the first term of school, the whole seventh grade was tested for basic skills. Steve hurried through his tests, and continued to dream of other things. His heart was not in school, but in the woods.
One day, Miss White’s voice broke into his daydreams. ＂Steve! Listen carefully!＂ Steve turned to look at her, fixing his eyes on Miss White, as she began to go over the test results for the seventh grade.
＂You all did pretty well, ＂ she told the class, ＂except for one boy, and it breaks my heart to tell you this, but...＂ She hesitated, her eyes searching his face. ＂...The smartest boy in the seventh grade is failing my class!＂ She just stared at Steve. Steve dropped his eyes.
After that, it was war! Steve still wouldn’t do his homework. Even as the punishments became more serious, he was still stubborn.
＂Just try it! ONE WEEK!＂ He was unmoved.
＂You’re smart enough! You’ll see a change!＂ Nothing touched him.
＂Give yourself a chance! Don’t give up on your life!＂ Nothing.
＂Steve! Please! I care about you!＂
Wow! Suddenly, Steve got it! Someone cared about him! Steve went home from school, thoughtful, that afternoon. Walking into the house, both parents were out. He, quickly， gathered up a jar of peanut butter, a loaf of bread, a bottle of water, and this time...his schoolbooks.
The following Monday he arrived at school on time, and he waited for Miss White to enter the classroom. She walked in, all smiles! God, she was beautiful!
Miss White, immediately, gave a quiz on the weekend homework. Steve hurried through the test and was the first to hand in his paper. With a look of surprise, Miss White took his paper. Obviously puzzled, she began to look it over. Miss White’s face was in total shock! The smartest boy in the seventh grade had just passed his first test!
From that moment nothing was the same for Steve. Life at home was the same, but life still changed. He discovered that not only could he learn, but he was good at it!
He discovered that he could understand knowledge and translate the things he learned into his own life. Steve began to go ahead!
5. Why did Steve use to be bad at his lessons?
A. He was not a smart boy in his class.
B. He hadn’t put his heart into his studies.
C. The teacher complained him from time to time.
D. The test for the seventh grade challenged his confidence.
6. What does the underlined word ＂stubborn＂ in the passage probably mean?
A. completely unchanged B. seriously punished
C. careless with the homework D. lost in the test
7. Who made Steve begin to work hard at his lessons later?
A. His parents. B. His classmates.
C. The teacher. D. Failure in the test.
8. Which of the following descriptions is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Steve often helped his parents work in the woods instead of going to school.
B. The teacher punished Steve for his failure in the test for the seventh grade.
C. Steve not only made progress but finally became a good student of the class.
D. Steve was actually a clever boy， but Miss White hadn’t realized it at first.
9. Which of the following words best describes Steve’s teacher?
A. Hardworking. B. Caring.
C. Generous. D. Strict.
C
Parents and teachers worry about games having a bad effect on students, and, a large number of reports have been written about games leading to addiction(上瘾) and violent action. One who is addicted to games of violence might think fighting or even killing is not a very serious thing.
But not everything about gaming is bad. For some, games are a good way to learn as well. Many games are based on history, city or planning. Such games can teach students valuable lessons of life in some ways. Some games can improve players’ memory skills by asking them to perform memory exercises throughout the game in order to reach the next level. Computer games are known to improve hand-eye coordination（协调） and help players develop problem solving. Most games encourage players to meet more difficult challenges.
Computer games have both good and bad effects. Playing games itself is not a problem, but students need to know about how much time to spend playing games and what kind of games to play. Gaming is like any other activity in life — eating too many hamburgers or too much pizza is harmful too.
10. The underlined word "violent" means "__________" in Chinese.
A. 怪异的 B. 懒惰的
C. 暴力的 D. 攀比的
11. Which is NOT, mentioned(提到) about playing computer games?
A. It costs a lot of money.
B. It may have a bad effect on children.
C. It can lead to violent action.
D. It can cause addiction.
12. It is also a good way __________ by playing computer games.
A. to get along with others
B. to learn some valuable life lessons
C. to respect parents
D. to communicate in English
13. Some games can improve players’ __________ skill.
A. reading B. operating
C. cooking D. memorizing
14. At the end of the passage, the sentence "eating too many hamburgers or too much pizza is harmful too" implies(暗示) that __________.
A. students should spend more time playing computer games
B. students should stop playing computer games
C. students should play computer games with their parents together
D. students should spend proper time and choose good ones when playing computer games
真题练习
1. （2019 ? 湖北宜昌中考）—In the past five years, China has played an important role in the Belt and Road.
—It has__________ many nations a great chance to communicate.
A. offered B. supported C. included D. directed
2. （2018 ? 浙江温州中考）—What was the __________ of the football match last night?
—AC Milan won the game.
A. value B. result C. choice D. decision
3. （2019 ? 湖北孝感中考）—Which should we start with, Water World or Space World?
—Either is OK, it makes no __________ to me.
A. mistake B. promise C. difference D. decision
4. （2019 ? 内蒙古包头中考）He is a __________ person, but he is good at telling funny stories
A. serious B. patient C. kind D. humorous
参考答案
基础训练
一、根据文中提示完成单词，使句子完整。
4. cotton【解析】句意：这件衬衣是由棉花制成的。根据句意可知该填写不可数名词cotton。
5. punish【解析】句意：我的父母经常惩罚我，不让我看电视。本题是一般现在时态，动词使用原形；根据句意可知该填写动词punish。
二、句型转换。
1. used to【解析】根据题目要求用used to改写, used to过去常常，后跟动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。故填写used, to。
2. that, rises【解析】根据题目要求改为宾语从句，that引导陈述句做宾语；在宾语从句中，若陈述的内容是客观真理，从句始终要用一般现在时态。故填写that, rises。
3. Is, made【解析】根据题目要求改为一般疑问句，在含有be动词的句子中，见be提前。可知该填写is, made。
4. What is【解析】根据题目要求对划线部分提问，应先选个合适的词代替划线部分（what），然后把句子剩余部分变为一般疑问句。故填写What is。
5. proud of【解析】根据题目要求进行同义句改换，take pride in以……为傲；be proud of以……为傲。故填写proud of。
三、根据汉语意思完成句子。
3. keeps/stops/prevents; eating【解析】这里是短语keep/stop/prevent sb. from doing…阻止某人做某事，因为主语是第三人称单数，所以用第三人称单数。
4. taken place【解析】根据in recent years可知句子应该用现在完成时，故用taken place。
5. keep away【解析】这里是短语keep away from远离。故用keep away。
6. divided into【解析】把一个整体分成几部分应该用divide into，句子的主语与divide之间是被动关系，故用divided into。
7. It’s believed【解析】这里是句式It’s believed that…人们相信某事；it是形式主语，that后是真正的主语，故用It’s believed。
8. nothing valuable【解析】当形容词作定语修饰不定代词时应该放在不定代词的后面，故用nothing valuable。
9. to introduce【解析】这里是句式It is+形容词或名词+to do，这里it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，故用to introduce。
10. private; any more【解析】not…any more不再；private 私人的。
四、根据句意及首字母提示完成单词
1. support 2. choice 3. enter 4. allow 5. achieve
五、用适当的介词填空
1. on 2. with 3. with 4. of 5. in
六、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1. strict 2. support 3. entered 4. against 5. choice
七、根据汉语意思完成课文原句或原句改编
1.worry about 2. to be; professional; grow
3. end up 4. decide for 5. serious about
八、从方框中选择合适的单词并用其适当形式完成句子
1. succeeded 2. successful
3. success 4. important 5. importance
九、用所给单词的适当形式填空
4. decision
5. achievement【解析】本题用构词法解题。achievement成就；功绩。本题的意思是＂这么快达成这项协议是一个巨大的功绩。＂。
十、用方框里所给短语的适当形式填空
1. as much as【解析】本题用词语运用法解题。本题的意思是＂我确实希望你能够尽可能多锻炼。＂，as much as you can相当于as much as possible。
2. has nothing against【解析】本题用词语运用法解题。have nothing against支持；不反对。
3. end up【解析】end up doing...以做……结束。
4. get in the way of【解析】本题用词语运用法解题。get in the way of妨碍。
5. make a choice【解析】本题用词语运用法解题。make a choice for yourself 为自己作出选择。本题的意思是
＂这正是你为自己作出选择的时候。＂。
能力提升
一、完形填空。
文章大意：这篇短文主要介绍了和世界著名侦探福尔摩斯一样的中国侦探狄仁杰的一些事情。
1. B【解析】考查名词与语境理解。A. Ages年龄；B. skills 技巧，技能；C. Appearances外表；D. Lifestyle生活方式。句意：但是你知道中国有一个侦探有同样的技能吗？根据语境是有同样的技能，故选B。
2. D【解析】考查介词与语境理解。A. for 为了；B. With和；C. by 通过；D. As作为。句意：句意：在很多犯罪小说和电影中狄仁杰都是最为重要角色出现。根据句意及语境此空是＂作为＂的意思，故选D。
3. B【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。A. discovered发现； B. solved 解决；C. studied学习；D. introduced介绍。狄仁杰解决了许多的事件。 结合句意，故选B。
4. A【解析】考查名词与语境理解。A. Rule规则；B. Law法律；C. lesson 课程；D. Instruction说明。句意：探案的第一规则是要有好的记忆力。根据句意及语境此题应选A。
5. C【解析】考查动词与语境理解。A. lively可爱的；B. politely有礼貌地；C. Closely接近地；D. simply简单地。句意：第二是你需要近距离观察人们的语言和面部表情。根据句意及语境是要近距离的观察，故选C。
7. A【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。A. real 真的；B. truly真实地，副词；C. live 生活；D. clear清楚的。狄仁杰在历史上是个真实的人。根据修饰名词，可知填写形容词，结合句意，故选A。
8. C【解析】考查动词与语境理解。A. Written书面的；B. Played玩；C. Created创造；D. Covered覆盖。句意：这和福尔摩斯不一样，他是由英国作家阿瑟·伊格纳修斯·柯南·道尔创造出来的。根据句意及语境是阿瑟·伊格纳修斯·柯南·道尔创造了福尔摩斯这个人物，故选C。
9. A【解析】考查动词与语境理解。A. Known知道的，著名的；B. Seen看；C. Shown展示；D. Acted表演。句意：狄仁杰因他的聪明才智而著名。根据句意及语境＂因……著名＂是be known for，故选A。
10. B【解析】考查名词与语境理解。A. Actor演员；B. Master大师；C. Writer作家；D. player运动员。句意：在一些电影中狄仁杰也是擅长打斗的功夫大师。根据句意及语境此题应选B。
11. C【解析】考查连词及语境的理解。A. unless如果不；B. what 什么；C. when什么时间；D. if如果。狄仁杰的故事写作历史可以追溯到1950年，那个时候来着荷兰的Robert van Gulik写了一本介绍狄仁杰故事的侦探小说集。结合句意，故选C。
12. B【解析】考查代词及语境的理解。A. those那些；B. which那个C. it 它；D. who谁。根据该句是定语从句，先行词是物，故选B。
13. C【解析】考查副词及语境的理解。 A. anyway无论如何；B. sometime有时；C. however然而；D. moreover此外，在历史上，狄不仅仅是一个侦探而且也是一个法官。结合句意，故选D。
14. A【解析】考查连词及语境的理解。while当……时候；B. Before在……之前；C .until直到；D. After在……之后。句意：据说他在大理寺干领导的时候是一个伟大的法官。根据句意及语境此空是＂当……时候＂，故选A。
15. A【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。A. cases 事件，案件；B. questions问题； C. problems难题；D. mysteries迷。在那段时间，他判了17000件案子，没有一个人抱怨。结合句意，故选A。
二、阅读理解。
A
文章大意：这篇短文主要讲述了Penny买珍珠项链这件事，告诉我们家长应该用正确的方式来教育孩子。短文中当Penny想要买那条项链的时候，她的妈妈说她必须得自己赚钱来买。后来Penny的爸爸假装想要那条项链，来试探Penny是否明白什么是爱。他们用正确的方式来教育自己的孩子。
2. D【解析】细节理解题。根据短文＂The mother said, ＂Well, I can buy you the necklace, but when we get home, we should discuss what you can do to pay for it.＂的描述可知，Penny看到了那条塑料的珍珠项链之后，非常喜欢，她想让她的妈妈给她买下来。但是她的妈妈说要让她做点什么来为珍珠项链付钱。她的妈妈的意思是让Penny知道，一个人要为他想买的东西付钱。结合选项可知选D。
3. A【解析】推理判断题。根据短文＂She worked very hard. Soon she succeeded in paying off the price for the necklace＂的描述可知，A是正确的；根据文意可知，Penny的爸爸并不是真的想要她的珍珠项链，他想让Penny知道什么是爱，故B不对；根据文章最后可知，Penny的爸爸给她买了一条真的珍珠项链，但是Penny并不知道，故C不对；根据文意可知，Penny非常喜欢那条珍珠项链，但是为了向爸爸证明她的爱，她还是决定把项链给爸爸，D不对。故选A。
4. D【解析】主旨大意题。根据文意可知，短文中Penny的爸爸和妈妈用正确的方法来教育孩子。例如，当Penny想要买那条项链的时候，她的妈妈说她必须得自己赚钱来买；又如，Penny的爸爸假装想要那条项链，来试探Penny是否明白什么是爱等。结合选项可知应选D。
B
文章大意：这篇文章主要讲了，年轻漂亮的怀特小姐不断鼓励、关心着聪明而贪玩的史蒂芬。史蒂芬是一个聪明的孩子，但是他的心思根本不在书本而是在外面的世界，以至于考试不及格，怀特小姐不厌其烦的教育、鼓励他，还是无济于事，最后是怀特小姐的关心让史蒂芬发生了变化。
5. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句His heart was not in school, but in the woods.。他的心不在学校而在森林里。所以该选B。
6. A【解析】词义猜测题。从下文的He was unmoved没有感动他，以及Nothing touched him没有什么触动他，可以看出史蒂芬还是无动于衷。
7. C【解析】细节理解题。根据上文中讲述了怀特小姐责备史蒂芬、鼓励他尤其是那句话Steve! Please! I care about you! 可以知道是怀特小姐改变了史蒂芬。所以该选 C。
8. C【解析】细节理解题。根据短文倒数第二段最后一句话He discovered that not only could he learn， but he was good at it!他发现自己不仅会学习，而且很擅长学习，可以看出史蒂芬变成了一个好学生。所以该选C。
9. B【解析】细节理解题。根据实际上从文章中怀特小姐的一句话I care about you! 我关心你，可以看出她是因为极有关爱之心的老师。所以该选B。
C
文章大意：这篇短文主要介绍了玩游戏对学生可能会带来不良影响，但是也有好的方面的影响，可以锻炼提高一个人的记忆力。
12. B【解析】细节理解题。根据For some， games are a good way to learn as well. Many games are based on history，city or planning. Such games can teach students valuable lessons of life in some ways.描述可知对一些人来说，游戏也是学习的好方法。许多游戏是基于历史，城市或规划。这样的游戏可以在某些方面教给学生宝贵的人生经验。根据句意，可知选B。
13. D【解析】细节理解题。根据Some games can improve players’ memory skills by asking them to perform memory exercises throughout the game in order to reach the next level.描述可知一些游戏可以提高玩家的记忆技能，要求他们在整个游戏中进行记忆练习，以达到下一个层次。根据句意，可知选D。
14. D【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段Playing games itself is not a problem, but students need to know about how much time to spend playing games and what kind of games to play. Gaming is like any other activity in life—eating too many hamburgers or too much pizza is harmful too.描述可知玩游戏本身不是一个问题，但学生需要知道花多少时间玩游戏和玩什么样的游戏。游戏就像生活中的其他活动一样，吃太多汉堡包或太多比萨饼也是有害的。故选D。
真题练习
1. A【解析】句意：——近五年来，中国在＂一带一路＂中发挥了重要作用。——它为许多国家提供了交流的好机会。考查动词辨析题。A. offered提供；B. supported支持；C. included包括；D. directed指导。a great chance to communicate交流的好机会；根据句意语境，可知offer符合句意，故选A。
3. C【解析】句意：——我们应该从水世界还是太空世界开始？ ——都行，对我来说无所谓。A. mistake名词，错误；B. promise名词，允诺；C. difference名词，不同；D. decision名词，决心。根据句意可知，＂哪个都可以＂，也就是＂对我没有什么不同＂。故选C。
4. A【解析】考查形容词辨析。他是一个严肃的人，但他善于讲有趣的故事。A. serious严肃的；B. patient有耐心的；C. kind和蔼的；D. humorous幽默的。根据句中的but可知前后表示转折的关系，后面说他善于讲有趣的故事，前面应是和＂有趣＂相反的一个词；结合选项可知A选项符合题意，故选A。