(共25张PPT)
Section Ⅱ — Learning about Language,Using Language,
Summing Up&Learning Tip
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一、英语说说看
看下面几幅图片,你知道它们是风媒花(anemophilous flower)还是虫媒花(entomophilous flower)及其各自的特点吗?和你的同伴们一起用英语说说看吧。
答案:A & B:Entomophilous flower.Their flowers are big and bright-coloured with a little pollen.
C:Anemophilous flower.The flower is small and dark-coloured with much light pollen.
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二、把A栏中的单词和B栏中的英文释义相互搭配起来
A B
1.lower a.supplying(land or crops) with water
2.ripe b.to delay;to move to some later time
3.irrigation c.not bright or clear;not shining
4.weed d.to connect one thing to another
5.spade e.unwanted wild plant,esp.among crops or garden plants
6.postpone f.a smell,especially one that is unpleasant
7.evolve g.a tool for digging,with a wooden handle and a broad metal blade
8.attach h.to let or bring sb./sth.down
9.odour i.to develop naturally and gradually
10.dull j.(of fruit,crops,etc.)fully grown and ready to be eaten
答案:1.h 2.j 3.a 4.e 5.g 6.b 7.i 8.d 9.f 10.c
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三、短语互译
A.温故:从文中找出下列短语并写出它们的汉语意思
1.be rewarded with ?
2.pass...on to... ?
3.take place ?
4.adapt to do... ?
5.depend on ?
6.the same as ?
7.get close to ?
8.at night ?
9.land on ?
10.give reasons for ?
用……酬谢
把……传递给……
发生
适合做……
依靠
和……一样
靠近
在夜晚
落在……上
给出……的理由
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B.知新:从文中找出与下列词组对应的英文
11.贴上,附上 ?
12.一只长舌蛾 ? ?
13.发出(气味、热等);分发 ?
attach to
a long-tongued moth
give out
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四、阅读课文FLOWERS AND THEIR ANIMAL POLLINATORS,正确搭配以下信息
1.Bats a.red,orange;the petals form a tube;odourless
2.Bees b.dull-coloured,brownish red;strong like rotting meat
3.Butterflies c.white,light-coloured,musty and fruity smell
4.Flies d.brightly coloured,especially red and orange;tube-shaped;no odour
5.Humming-birds e.white,light-coloured;strong,sweet perfume,typically only given out at night
6.Moths f.bright yellow,blue;delicate and fragrant
答案:1.c 2.f 3.a 4.b 5.d 6.e
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1.Pollen becomes attached to the animal during its visit to a flower and is then passed on to another plant’s blossom on its next visit.
动物接触一朵花后,花粉就附着在它的身上,动物接触下一种植物的花时就把这些花粉传到花朵上。
考点一attach vt. 缚上; 系上;附加
He attached himself to me at the party and I couldn’t get rid of him.在聚会上他总是缠着我,我无法摆脱他。
He attached a label to his baggage.
他往行李上贴了一个标签。
归纳 attach常与介词to连用。attach...to...“把……贴/系/附在……上”。
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考点二 pass on to 传递给
The Olympic torch was being passed on to the next station.
奥林匹克火炬正在往下一站传递。
活学活用完成句子
(1)How can you (与……有联系)the blame for this accident to the taxi driver??
(2)Parents (重视) education.They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.?
(3)Parents can (传染某些疾病给) their children.?
attach
attach much importance to
pass on some diseases to
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2.Through evolution,most flowers have adapted to attract specific types of pollinators.
通过进化,大部分花朵变得适于吸引特殊种类的花粉传播者。
考点一evolution n. 演变;进化
The evolution of the modern motor car is an interesting subject.
现代汽车的发展是一个很有趣的课题。
派生词:evolve vi.发展;进展;进化
The developmental history of the society tells us that man has evolved from the ape.
社会发展史告诉我们人是从类人猿进化来的。
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考点二adapt vt. 使适应;使适合
adapt to sth./to do sth.适应某事或做某事
adapt oneself to sth.使自己适应……
He adapted himself to the cold weather.
他适应了寒冷的天气。
When they moved to Canada,the children adapted to the changes very well.
他们移居加拿大后,孩子们都能非常好地适应那些变化。
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(1)adapt sth.for改编;改写
The author is going to adapt his play for television.
那位作者将把他的剧本改编成电视剧。
(2)辨析adapt,adjust,fit,suit和match:
adapt,adjust,fit,suit,match 都含“适合”“适应”的意思。
adapt 指“修改或改变以适应新条件”,如:
You should adapt yourself to the new environment.
你应该使自己适应新的环境。
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adjust 指“调整;调节”使之适应,如:
You can’t see through the telescope until it is adjusted to your eyes.
你把望远镜调节到适合你的眼睛之后,才能看得见。
fit 多指“大小适合”,引申为“吻合”,如:
The shoes fit me well.这双鞋我穿着正好。
suit 多指“合乎要求、口味、性格、情况、颜色”,如:
No dish suits all tastes.众口难调。
match 指“大小、色调、形状、性质等相配或相称”,如:
A red jacket doesn’t match green trousers.
红夹克衫与绿裤子不相配。
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活学活用语法填空
(1)The good thing about children is that they (adapt)very easily to new environments.?
(2)In the course of (evolve),some birds have lost the power of flight.?
(3)The simple plan (evolve) into a complicated scheme.?
同义词语替换
(4)We studied the development of flowers from seeds and buds.
?
(5)He tried hard to adjust to the new conditions.
?
adapt
evolution
evolved
evolution
adapt
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选词填空:adapt/adjust/fit/suit/match
(6)I tried the dress on but it didn’t .?
(7)He is going to his play for television.?
(8)A galaxy of twinkling stars the thousands of sparkling city lights.?
(9)Children are sensitive to disapproval and they can their behaviour accordingly.?
(10)First of all, you should know what profession you.?
fit
adapt
matched
adjust
suits
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3.Smell:strong,sweet perfume,typically only given out at night.
气味:浓烈的香甜味,特别只在夜晚散发出来。
考点一 typically adv.通常;具有代表性地;典型地
It typically takes a day or two,which depends on the weather.
通常要用一两天,视天气情况而定。
typical adj.典型的;有代表性的
This painting is typical of his early works.
这幅画是他早期的代表作。
考点二give out发出(气味,热等);分发
The teacher gave out the examination papers.教师发了考卷。
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(1)give out还可意为“用完;用尽”。
Our food supply has given out.我们的食物耗尽了。
(2)give的相关短语用法:
He gave away some of his money to charities.
他把一部分钱捐给了慈善事业。
The little boy gave away your secret.
那个小男孩泄露了你的秘密。
Never give up studying wherever you are.
无论在哪儿都别放弃学习。
Finally I gave in to my parents because I’m not old enough.
因为我还不够大,最终只好向父母屈服。
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归纳 give away“捐献;泄露”;give up doing“放弃做……”;give in to sb.“向某人屈服或让步”。
活学活用阅读下面句子,写出give out的含义
(1)The radiator gives out a lot of heat.
give out ?
(2)Students were giving out leaflets to everyone on the street.
give out ?
(3)According to this speed of mining,the coal on the earth will give out in hundreds of years.
give out ?
发出
分发
耗尽
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根据句意,用give的相关短语完成句子
(4)On no condition can we to violent terrorists.?
(5)We’ll never until the goal is reached.?
(6)If a person has not had enough sleep,his actions will him
during the day.?
同义句转换
(7)He is like most of the other pupils.
?
(8)The trapped miners were to drink up the water when help came.
?
give in
give up
give
away
He is a typical pupil.
The trapped miners were to give out drinking water when help came.
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4.Grammar
考点一 宾语是动作、行为的对象,是动作的承受者。宾语可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、短语、动词不定式、动词-ing形式、复合结构和从句来担任。
英语的及物动词后必须有宾语。宾语一般放在及物动词之后,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。除及物动词有宾语之外,介词后面也要有宾语。另外,某些形容词如worth等后也可有宾语。宾语有直接宾语和间接宾语之分,这两个宾语统称为“双宾语”。
My parents bought me a computer.父母给我买了一台电脑。
I’ll get you something to eat.我将给你弄点吃的。
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考点二 宾语的用法。
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考点三 宾语从句歌诀
宾语从句三姊妹,that,if/whether,wh-/how展风采。
展风采有三关,引导词、语序、时态在把关。
主从时态要一致,陈述语序永不变。
陈述请你选that,疑问需用if/whether连。
特殊问句做宾从,原来问词不用换。
三关过后莫得意,人称、标点需注意。
留意变脸的if/when,从句的简化记心间。
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活学活用翻译句子
(1)请把球扔给我。
?
(2)她给我们唱了一首日本歌曲。
?
(3)明天我去给你买些衣服。
?
语法填空
(4)Tom devoted what he had to (set) up his own company.?
(5)Remember (buy) some stamps,won’t you??
(6)The trees and flowers need (water).?
Throw the ball to me,please./Throw me the ball,please.
She sang a Japanese song for us./She sang us a Japanese song.
I’ll buy you some clothes tomorrow./I’ll buy some clothes for you tomorrow.
setting
to buy
watering/to be watered
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(7)Do you mind my (open) the door??
(8)The little boy entered the room without (notice).?
(9)Mr.Smith is considering (buy) a computer,which is considered (be) a great help in our work and study.?
(10)I think (its) necessary to learn English well.?
(11)The how-to book can be of help to (who) wants to do the job.?
(12)She couldn’t help (cry) at the bad news.?
(13)Will you admit (break) the window??
(14)Surprisingly,Susan’s beautiful hair reached below her knees and made (it) almost an overcoat for her.?
opening
being noticed
buying
to be
it
whoever
crying
breaking/having broken
itself
(共28张PPT)
Unit 4 Exploring plants
Section Ⅰ — Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading & Comprehending
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一、英语说说看
看下面几幅图片,你知道它们的名字吗?你了解它们的繁殖方式吗?和你的同伴们一起用英语说说看吧。
答案:A.Tulips.Usually propagated through offsets,seeds or micropropagation.
B.Tree peonies.Propagated by grafting.
C.Sunflowers.Propagated by seeds.
D.Roses.Generally grown from cuttings of the new wood.
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二、把A栏中的单词和B栏中的英文释义相互搭配起来
A B
1.exotic a.struggle;fight;disagreement
2.distant b.to fasten or close sth.securely
3.scale c.a box,bottle,etc.in which sth.is kept or transported
4.conflict d.far away in space or time
5.tight e.to be attractive or interesting(to sb.)
6.seal f.from elsewhere;strikingly different
7.container g.the act of putting a limit on sb./sth.
8.restriction h.an expert in botany
9.appeal i.the relative size,extent,scope,etc.
10.botanist j.fixed,fastened or drawn together firmly
答案:1.f 2.d 3.i 4.a 5.j 6.b 7.c 8.g 9.e 10.h
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三、短语互译
A.温故:从文中找出下列短语并写出它们的汉语意思
1.be adapted to ?
2.far away ?
3.become interested in ?
4.take the opportunity of ?
5.be introduced in ?
6.come across ?
7.quantities of ?
8.keep...alive ?
9.numbers of ?
10.result in ?
适应于
遥远的
变得对……感兴趣
抓住……的机会;借机……
被引进到
遇见
大量的
使……存活
许多的;大量的
导致
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B.知新:从文中找出下列词组对应的英文
11.“异国”植物 ?
12.追溯到 ?
13.大规模的 ?
14.便携式密封玻璃容器 ? ? ?
15.关于……的限制 ?
16.吸引 ?
“exotic” plants
date back to
on a large scale
a tightly sealed portable glass container
restriction on
appeal to
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四、阅读PLANT EXPLORATION IN THE 18TH AND 19TH CENTURIES,回答下列问题
1.What’s the main idea of this text?
A.Transporting plants from China.
B.French missionaries in exploring plants.
C.Many plant collectors to China.
D.The plant collecting in the 18th and 19th centuries.
2.Who collected and sent seeds of Tree of Heaven?
A.Father d’Incarville. B.Sir Joseph Banks.
C.Robert Fortune. D.Father Farges.
答案:D
答案:A
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3.What improved the survival rates of plants transported on long journeys?
A.A knowledge of botany.
B.The cool water.
C.A tightly sealed portable glass container.
D.The changing environment.
4.Which is not true according to the text?
A.Europe had become interested in scientific discovery.
B.European middle classes took great interest in collecting new plants.
C.Europeans’ desire for exotic plants grew.
D.The foreigners were truly helping the Chinese develop collecting seeds.
答案:C
答案:D
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5.Plants collectors met many difficulties except .?
A.diseases and near-starvation
B.the conflicts with local people
C.restrictions on the movement of Europeans
D.lack of money
答案:D
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1.Collecting “exotic” plants,as they are called,dates back to the earliest times.
收集所谓“异国”植物的行为要追溯到很久以前。
剖析 as they are called是一个非限制性定语从句。
考点date back to 追溯到;远在……年代
date back to=date from,无被动语态,常用于一般现在时。
Our present ideas about the motion of bodies date back to Galileo and Newton.
我们目前关于物体运动的观念来自于伽利略和牛顿。
This kind of problems may date back to ancient times.
这类问题可能要追溯到古时候。
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活学活用语法填空
(1)Our city has a long history and the large building (stand) in the front of our school (date) back to 100 years ago.?
(2)The temple (date) back to 500 years ago is being repaired now.?
(3) is known to all,some of the beautiful flowers are poisonous.?
standing
dates
dating
As
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2.Many ancient civilisations saw the value of bringing back plants from distant lands.
许多古老文化都见证了从遥远的地方把植物带回来的价值。
考点一 此处的see表示“见证”。
This old tree has seen the fight against the colonists.
这棵古老的树见证了抵抗殖民者的斗争。
考点二distant adj. 远的; 远处的
This palmer came from a very distant place.
这位朝圣者来自非常远的地方。
We could hear the thunder of distant guns.
我们可以听到远处炮声隆隆。
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(1)相关短语:
be distant towards sb.对某人冷淡
Why is it that she’s always very distant towards me?
她为什么总是对我很冷淡?
(2)其他用法:
in the distance在远处
at a distance从远处
We saw lights in the distance.我们看到了远处的灯光。
Your skirt looks very beautiful at a distance.
你的裙子从远处看起来很漂亮。
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活学活用翻译句子
(1)Almost all people see that the grass is greener on the other hill.
?
(2)A distant journey tests the strength of a horse and a long task proves the character of a man.
?
这山望着那山高。
路遥知马力,日久见人心。
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完成句子
(3) (这座体育馆见证了) many thrilling football games.?
(4)Our school is (3千米远)from the town.?
(5)He always fancies himself and is (对……冷淡) others.?
(6)There stands a high mountain (在远处).?
(7)She likes to (与人保持一定距离).?
This stadium has seen
three kilometers distant
distant towards
in the distance
keep people at a distance
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3.However,it was not until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that the exploration of the botanical world began on a large scale.
然而,直到18世纪和19世纪,人们对植物世界大规模的探索才开始。
剖析 这是一个强调句型,强调了时间状语not until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries。
The patent was given in 1876,but it was not until five years later that Bell sent the first telephone message to his assistant,Watson.
这个专利是1876年授予的,但是,直到5年后,贝尔才把第一条电话留言发给他的助手华生。
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考点scale n.磅秤;天平盘;规模;程度;范围
They are planting trees along the banks of the Yellow River on a large scale.
他们正在沿着黄河两岸大规模地植树。
归纳 on a large/small/grand ...scale 大/小/宏大规模地
on a global/international/world scale 全球范围
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活学活用语法填空
(1)It until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks that I found we had a lot in common.?
(2)It was not until near the end of the letter she mentioned her own plan.?
完成句子
(3)Scientists are trying to make direct use of solar energy
(大规模地).?
(4)It’s hard to imagine (宇宙的大小).?
wasn’t
that
on a large scale
the scale of the universe
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4.Brave young men took the opportunity of going on botanical expeditions,often facing many dangers including disease,near-starvation,severe environments and conflicts with the local people.
勇敢的年轻人借机进行植物探索活动,他们常常面临许多危险,如疾病、饥饿、严酷的环境以及同当地居民的冲突。
考点一 take the opportunity of doing...抓住做……的机会;借机做……
I took the opportunity of visiting my aunt while I was in Birmingham.
我在伯明翰的时候借机探望了我的姨母。
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考点二 conflict n. 斗争;冲突
He’s got involved in a political conflict he can’t extricate himself from.
他陷在一场政治斗争中不能脱身。
The two stories came into conflict with each other,so I did not know which to believe.
两个故事相互冲突,因此我不知道相信哪一个。
I don’t know which one to support when two of my friends are in conflict with each other.
当我的两个朋友起冲突时,我不知道该支持哪一个。
归纳 come into conflict with 和……冲突
in conflict with同……相冲突
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辨析conflict,fight 和 struggle:
都含“战斗;斗争”的意思。
conflict指“由于严重不一致而引起抵触或冲突”。
What they said was in conflict with what they did.
他们说的和做的相反。
fight“打架;战斗”,强调“短兵相接”。
The two boys fought.
那两个男孩动手打了起来。
struggle “斗争;挣扎”。
They were struggling for peace.
他们为和平而斗争。
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活学活用单词拼写
(1)I will avail myself of every o of speaking English.?
(2)The two nations had a c because of the boundary.?
完成句子
(3)I (借机) of learning English while in London.?
(4)We are always living (在冲突中).?
(5)She had often (与……发生争执) her mother-in-law.?
选词填空:conflict/fight/struggle
(6)He with his brother again.?
(7)He is still with AIDS.?
(8)This is a between religion and science.?
opportunity
conflict
took the opportunity
in conflict
come into conflict with
fought
struggling
conflict
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5.At that time,there were restrictions on the movement of Europeans and so,in order to travel unnoticed,he developed his fluency in Chinese and dressed as a Chinese man,even shaving his head in the Chinese style.
那时候,欧洲人在中国的活动受到限制,因此,为了在旅行中不引起别人注意,他努力使自己的汉语讲得很流利,并且穿着中国人的服装,甚至像中国人一样削发(留辫)。
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考点一in order to do sth.为了做某事
In order to prove the servant’s honesty,she left a bag containing money on the table.=She left a bag containing money on the table so as to prove the servant’s honesty.
为了验证那个仆人是否诚实,她在桌上放了一个装了钱的袋子。
归纳 in order to do在句子前面或中间皆可,而so as to do不能放在句首。
We started early in order to arrive before dark.
为了在天黑前到达,我们早早地动了身。
Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby.
轻点儿进去,别吵醒孩子。
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考点二 restriction n.限制;约束
The restrictions on the use of the playground are no fighting and no damaging facilities.
使用这个操场的条件是不准打架,不准损坏设施。
归纳 restriction(s)常与介词on连用,表示“在某方面有限制”。
活学活用选择适当的单词或词组填空
(1) pass the exam,he studied even harder.(so as to;in order to) ?
(2)The swimming club is open to the families in the neighbourhood without .(strictness;restriction)?
In order to
restriction
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6.One of the collectors was Father Farges,who collected 37 seeds from a tree that had appealed to him.This tree was later called the Dove Tree.
其中一位叫做法尔热的神父,从他所喜爱的一棵树上收集了37粒种子。这种树后来被称为鸽子树。
剖析 who引导一个非限制性定语从句,前面用逗号隔开。
On the other hand,there are those,like George,who believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.
另一方面,还有一些人,像乔治,他们认为我们不必担心空气中会有高含量的二氧化碳。
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考点appeal vi. (对某人)有吸引力;求助
In recent years,universities overseas appeal to high school students more than national ones.
近些年来,国外大学比国内的大学更吸引高中生。
It took a severe run of ill luck to decide him to appeal to her.
运气太坏了,所以他才决定向她求助。
归纳 appeal to “有吸引力;求助”,to为介词。
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活学活用完成句子
(1)American women usually identify their best friend as someone
(和他或她)they can talk frequently.?
(2)They (呼吁) the public to help the distressed children.?
(3)—How did you like Nick’s performance last night?
—To be honest,his singing (不太吸引我).?
with whom
appeal(ed) to
didn’t appeal to me much
