Section Ⅴ Writing——建议信
本单元的写作项目属于应用体类别中的“建议信”。这种题目要求我们就有关问题进行分析，并针对这些问题提出自己的看法和建议。
一、基本框架
1．开头(beginning)——开门见山，向对方陈述自己的观点(state your idea)。
2．主体(body)——对所提出的问题进行分析并说明理由，接着提出自己的建议(reasons and evidence)。
3．结尾(ending)——呼应开头，重申观点(restate your opinion)。
二、注意事项
1．开门见山，直入主题。在书信正文的开头找准话题的切入点，自然而然地引出自己想要谈的主题。写信 时要充分了解情况，有的放矢，以提高书信的针对性。
2．给出希望对方采取或者终止某种行为的理由。在陈述理由的过程中要换位思考，尽量为对方考虑。要用事实说话，以增强说服力。
3．语气要和缓，让对方考虑你的想法或者建议，以理服人是关键，不能把自己的想法强加于人。
4．给出合理建议，通过提建议让对方明确行动的方向，从而达到写信的最终目的。
常见精彩开头
1．I'm sorry you have trouble in...
2．I am writing to share some advice with you.
3．You have asked me for my advice about...
4．I am writing to express my views on/concerning...
5．You have asked for some advice concerning...and I will try to give you my suggestion.
提出建议时常用的句型
1．I think it would be a good idea if...
2．In my opinion，it would be wise to...
3．I suggest that you should...
4．In my opinion，you'd better...
5．I advise you to...
6．If I were you，I would...
7．Why not...？/Why don't you...?
8．How about....？/What about...?
结尾段常用的句型
1．I hope you will find these proposals/suggestions/tips practical/useful/helpful.
2．I would be ready to discuss this matter with you in more detail.
3．I would appreciate it very much if you could consider my suggestions.
4．In the end，I will be glad if you find my suggestions useful/helpful.
5．I hope you will take my advice into account.
6．I will be glad if you will consider my tips.
假定你叫张伟，你的好友王强因不擅长与别人交流，感到非常苦恼。最近，他来信向你求助。请你用英语给他写一封100词左右的回信。主要内容应包括：
1．劝他不必为此事感到苦恼；
2．告诉他与别人有效地交流是很重要的；
3．就如何改变目前的状况给他提出几点建议。
要求：1.表达要清楚，语言简洁、流畅；
2.针对问题给出建议，层次清晰。
体裁 应用文 时态 一般现在时为主
主题 提供建议 人称 第一、二人称
结构 第一段：引入主题第二段：阐明交流的重要性 第三段：就如何改变状况提出建议
Ⅰ.精选单词短语
1．upset 心烦意乱的
2．be concerned about 关心；挂念
3．add up 增加
4．tip 提示；技巧
Ⅱ.巧用句式语法
(一)完成句子
1．It is because you are not able to communicate with others effectively that you are feeling upset.
你不能有效地与他人交流是你感到难受的原因。(强调句型)
2．With few people knowing how to communicate with others，you haven't got to be concerned about it too much.
因为很少人了解如何与他人交流，因此你没有必要对此太过于担心。(with的复合结构)
3．I find it necessary to give you some tips on how to settle the problem.
我发现提供给你一些如何解决这个问题的方法很有必要。(it作形式宾语，不定式作真正宾语)
4．While communicating with others，you should understand them so that you can exchange ideas with them.
在与别人交流时，你应该理解他们以便于你能与他们交换意见。(省略结构)
5．I do hope my tips will be of help to you.
我尤其希望我的建议对你有帮助。(强调谓语动词)
(二)句式升级
6．你没必要太担心此事。(用there be结构)
You haven't got to be concerned about it too much.
→There is no need that you have got to be concerned about it too much.
7．那就是为什么我想要提供给你一些如何解决这个问题技巧的原因。(表语从句及动词升级)
It's the reason why I want to give you some tips on how to settle the problem.
→That is why I want to give you some tips on how to solve the problem.
8．我希望我的建议对你有帮助。(be of＋n.)
I hope my tips will be helpful to you.
→I hope my tips will be of great help to you.
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[参考范文]
Dear Wang Qiang，
I'm sorry to hear that you are upset about the problem that you can't communicate with others effectively.In fact，there is no need that you have got to be concerned about it too much with few people knowing how to do it well.
I find it necessary to give you some tips on how to settle the problem.First，while communicating with others，you should understand them so that you can exchange ideas with them.Besides，you should not be anxious about it and learn to make more friends with your classmates.
In a word，I do hope my tips will be of great help to you.
Yours，
Zhang Wei
【导读】 《狮子、女巫与魔衣橱》(The Lion，the Witch and the Wardrobe)是英国作家C.S.路易斯所著的《纳尼亚传奇》系列奇幻儿童文学小说的第二部(写作顺序是第一部)。
【节选】
The Lion，the Witch and the Wardrobe
So the children all got close together and walked up to the tree and in behind it，and there，sure enough，they found the Beaver；but it still drew back，saying to them in a hoarse throaty whisper，“Further in，come further in.Right in here.We're not safe in the open！”
Only when it had led them into a dark spot where four trees grew so close together that their boughs met and the brown earth and pine needles could be seen underfoot because no snow had been able to fall there，did it begin to talk to them.
“Are you the Sons of Adam and the Daughters of Eve？”it said.
“We're some of them.”said Peter.
“S?s?s?sh！”said the Beaver，“Not so loud please.We're not safe even here.”
“Why，who are you afraid of？”said Peter.“There's no one here but ourselves.”
“There are the trees.”said the Beaver.“They're always listening. Most of them are on our side，but there are trees that would betray us to her；you know who I mean.”and it nodded its head several times.
“If it comes to talking about sides，”said Edmund，“how do we know you're a friend？”
“Not meaning to be rude，Mr Beaver.”added Peter，“But you see，we're strangers.”
“Quite right，quite right，”said the Beaver.“Here is my token.”With these words it held up to them a little white object.They all looked at it in surprise，till suddenly Lucy said，“Oh，of course.It's my handkerchief—the one I gave to poor Mr Turanus.”
“That's right.”said the Beaver.“Poor fellow，he got wind of the arrest before it actually happened and handed this over to me.He said that if anything happened to him I must meet you here and take you on to...”Here the Beaver's voice sank into silence and it gave one or two very mysterious nods.
狮子、女巫与魔衣橱
于是，孩子们紧靠在一起，朝着那棵树走过去，一直走到树后面，海狸原先站的地方，但海狸却从那里又继续朝后退去了。它压低了嗓门用一种嘶哑的声音对他们说：“往里，再往里，到我这儿来，在外面有危险。”
它把他们一直引到一个非常幽暗的地方。那里有四棵树紧挨在一起，树枝与树枝连成一片，雪落不到下面来，因而地上可以看见褐色的泥土和松针。他们到了这儿以后，海狸才开始和他们说话。
“你们是亚当的儿子和夏娃的女儿吗？”它问。
“是的。”彼得答道。
“嘘！”海狸说，“声音不要太大，即使在这儿，我们还是不够安全。”
“为什么，你怕谁？”彼得说，“这里除了我们以外，再也没别的人了。”
“这里有树。”海狸说，“它们老把耳朵竖着。它们当中绝大多数站在我们一边，但也有背叛我们倒向她那一边的，你们知道我说得是谁。”它接连点了好几下头。
“要是说到两边的话，”爱德蒙说，“我们怎么知道你是朋友而不是敌人？”
“请你别见怪，海狸先生，”彼得解释说，“你看，我们彼此之间还不熟悉呢。”
“对，对，”海狸说，“我这里有一样信物。”说着，它就拿出一件白色的小东西。孩子们都惊讶地注视着。突然，露西说道：“哦，这是我的手帕，是我送给可怜的图姆纳斯先生的。”
“不错，”海狸说，“我可怜的伙伴，他在被捕以前听到了风声，就把这手帕交给我，说如果他有什么意外，我就必须在这个地方与你们会面，并领你们到……”说到这里，海狸的声音低得听不见了。它非常神秘地向孩子们点点头。
[知识积累]
1．hoarse adj.嘶哑的
2．throaty adj.声音低沉的
3．bough n．大树枝
4．token n．信物
[1]该句是only引导的部分倒装句。when引导的状语从句中，spot是先行词，where引导的是定语从句。在定语从句中，含有so...that引导的结果状语从句，because引导的是原因状语从句。
[文化链接]
《纳尼亚传奇》是刘易斯于1950年至1956年间创作的七本系列魔幻故事，分别为《魔法师的外甥》《狮子、女巫与魔衣橱》《能言马与男孩》《凯斯宾王子》《黎明踏浪号》《银椅》和《最后一战》。故事中的“纳尼亚王国”是一个神秘奇幻的世界，在这些故事中，小主人公们或凭借一枚魔法戒指，或通过一扇衣柜大门等各种奇妙方法进入奇幻世界纳尼亚王国。故事以正义与邪恶的斗争为线索展开，他们在伟大的狮王阿斯兰帮助下，通过英勇的冒险和战斗，一次次战胜邪恶，拯救纳尼亚的人们并保卫了这个神奇而充满欢乐的国度。每个故事独立成册，但形散神不散，七个主题构成一部史诗般的整体。
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Section Ⅳ Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing
阅读教材P18课文内容，选择最佳答案
1．What's Worried Friend's problem?
A．He is anxious about Chen Lei's behaviour.
B．He feels unhappy at the Susan's advice.
C．He wants Chen Lei to focus on his study.
D．He wants Chen Lei to spend more time online.
2．What's Chen Lei' problem according to the passage?
A．He can't concentrate on school and family life at all.
B．He plays computer games too often and spends too much time online.
C．He is so unhealthy that he can't focus on anything in life.
D．He can't get along well with his new classmates.
3．Which of the following suggestions is NOT the one Susan gave to the Worried Friend?
A．He should talk to his friend about his behaviour.
B．He should encourage his friend to try new hobbies.
C．He should discuss the problem with his friend.
D．He should understand how his friend behaves.
[答案] 1－3 ABD
Ⅰ.重点单词
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．plate n．盘子；碟子
2．adventure n．冒险；奇遇
3．expert n．专家；行家 adj.熟练的；内行的；专家的
4．generation n．一代(人)
5．adult n．成年人 adj.成年的；成熟的
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．youth n．青年时期，青春→young adj.年轻的；幼小的
2．behaviour n．行为，举止→behave vi.表现；守规矩
3．attract vt.吸引；引起……的注意→attraction n．有吸引力的地方；有吸引力的事物→attractive adj.有吸引力的；迷人的
4．addict n．对……入迷的人，吸毒成瘾的人→addicted adj.有瘾的；上瘾的；入迷的→addiction n．瘾，入迷；嗜好
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．be attracted to 喜欢
2．focus on 集中；特别关注
3．addicted to 对……很入迷
4．make a fire 生火
5．have fun 玩得高兴
背教材原句 记句式结构 仿写促落实
1.It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation to be attracted to computer games and the online world.对你们这一代青少年来说喜欢网络游戏和网上世界并不稀奇。 it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。 It is very important to learn to get along well with others in a new environment. 在一个新的环境里学会与别人友好相处是非常重要的。
2.But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to focus on other things in life.但是在网上花太多时间是不健康的，而且会使你很难特别关注生活中的其他事情。 make(动词)＋形式宾语(it)＋宾补＋真正的宾语。 The lack of food made it more difficult to live in the village in winter. 缺乏食物使得在冬天生活在这个小村子里更加困难。
3.Why not discuss the problem together？为什么不共同讨论一下这个问题？ why not＋动词，“为什么不做……”，表示征求意见。 Why not have a rest？为什么不休息一会呢？
expert n．专家；行家
adj.熟练的；内行的，专家的
(教材P17)There'll be some experts there to show us how to live in the wild.
在那里将会有一些专家向我们展示怎样在野外生存。
an expert in/at 某方面的专家/能手 be expert in/at 在……方面擅长
①Let's seek an expert.
咱们征求一下专家的意见吧。
②She is an expert in/at child psychology.
她是一位儿童心理学家。
③She is expert in/at drawing.
她擅长绘画。
attract vt.吸引；引起……的注意(或兴趣)
(教材P18)It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation to be attracted to computer games and the online world.
对你们这一代青少年来说喜欢网络游戏和网上世界并不稀奇。
(1)attract one's attention/mind 吸引某人的注意力 attract sb.to sth. 吸引某人关注某事 (2)be attracted to 喜爱 (3)attraction n. 吸引力；引力；吸引人之物 tourist attraction 旅游景点 (4)attractive adj. 有吸引力的；引起注意的；引起兴趣的 be attractive to 对……有吸引力
①It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors.
很遗憾这些建于19世纪的工业城市没能吸引游客。
②He is attracted to singing(sing) in his spare time.
业余时间他喜欢唱歌。
③Attracted(attract)by the beauty of nature，the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.
由于被大自然的美景所吸引，这个来自伦敦的女孩决定再在农场待两天。
focus vi.&vt.集中(精力，注意力等)；(使)调节焦距
n．中心；重点；焦点
(教材P18)But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to focus on other things in life.
但是在网上花太多时间是不健康的，而且会使你很难特别关注生活中的其他事情。
(1)focus on 集中于…… focus one's attention/eyes/energy on... 集中注意力/目光/精力于…… (2)the focus of... ……的焦点
①They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.
他们关心的是保持土壤肥沃并免受病害。
②The meeting focused on whether we should build a new teaching building.
这次会议的主要议题是我们是否应该建一栋新的教学楼。
③If we find those materials interesting，we'll focus our attention on them for long.
如果我们发现那些材料有趣，我们的注意力就会长时间集中在它们身上。
④It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the focus of families，shouldering the hope of their parents.
这表明当今社会的一个普遍现象：孩子是家庭的中心，承载着父母的希望。
[联想发展]
表示“集中注意力/精力于……”的短语
①pay attention to sth.
②put one's heart into sth.
③fix one's attention on sth.
④concentrate one's attention on sth.
addicted to 对……很入迷
(教材P18)Some students even become addicted to the Internet and cannot concentrate on school and family life.
一些学生甚至对互联网上瘾而且不能把精力放在学校和家庭生活上。
(1)be/become/get addicted to sth./doing sth. 沉溺于……；专心做…… (2)addict vt. 使沉溺；使上瘾 n. 有瘾的人 addict oneself to(doing)sth. 沉溺于(做)某事 a work addict 工作狂 (3)addiction n. 癖好
①When I was a teenager，I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes.
当我还是一个十几岁的孩子的时候，我也吸过烟，而且还上了瘾。
②I went through four years of being addicted to video games.
我大约有4年时间沉迷于电子游戏中。
③The boy addicted himself to computer games and he didn't want to study.
这个男孩沉溺于计算机游戏，他不想学习。
(教材P18)It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation to be attracted to computer games and the online world.
对你们这一代青少年来说喜欢网络游戏和网上世界并不稀奇。
【要点提炼】 本句中的It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。
it作形式主语的常用句式：It be＋adj.important/necessary/strange/naturalto do sth.It＋be＋a waste of...to do/doing sth.It＋be＋worthwhile to do/doing sth.It＋be＋no use/good/fun＋doing sth.
①It's no use waiting here this morning.Come again on Monday.
今天上午在这里等是没用的，周一再来吧。
②It's worthwhile to send/sending him abroad for further education.
将他送到国外去深造是值得的。
③It is a waste of energy arguing/to argue with her.
和她争论是浪费精力。
④It's very necessary to take exercise every day.
每天锻炼身体是很有必要的。
(教材P18)But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to focus on other things in life.
但是在网上花太多时间是不健康的，而且会使你很难特别关注生活中的其他事情。
【要点提炼】 在makes it very difficult to focus on other things中，包含“make(动词)＋形式宾语(it)＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语”这个句式结构。
(1)在句型“make＋宾语＋宾补”中，宾语补足语主要由名词、形容词、介词、不带to的不定式和过去分词等充当。make变为被动语态时，不定式作补足语要带to。 (2)当宾语比较长时，常常用“make＋it＋宾补＋宾语”这一结构，其中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为不定式短语或that引导的宾语从句。
①Her efforts made her a famous person.
她的努力让她成为一个著名的人。
②My parents would like to make me study(study) 24 hours a day.
我的父母想让我一天学习24小时。
③The teacher raised his voice so that he could make himself heard(hear)．
这位老师提高了噪音以便别人能听到他。
④精通这项技术可能会让我们更加有效地利用网络。
a．Mastering the technology makes it possible for us to use the Internet more effectively.(不定式作宾语)
b．Mastering the technology makes it possible that we can use the Internt more effectively.(从句作宾语)
(教材P18)Why_not discuss the problem together?
为什么不共同讨论一下这个问题？
【要点提炼】 why not后跟动词原形、表示疑问或征求意见等。
(1)why not...有三重含义：①表示建议，意为“为什么不做……呢？做……如何？”why not 跟不带to的不定式，即“why not do...？＝why don't/won't you do...？”； ②表示对否定陈述的回答，意为“为什么不；为什么是那样？”； ③表示同意，意为“当然可以，好啊”。 (2)Why is it that...？……是因为什么？(强调句)
①—Let's go to see the movie.
—Why not?
——我们去看电影吧。
——好啊。
②Why not/Why don't you write to her？She needs your advice.
为什么不给她写信呢？她需要你的建议。
③Why is it that parents only pay attention to us when we get into trouble?
为什么父母总是在我们遇到麻烦的时候才注意到我们呢？
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Why not take(take)a trip on the oldest underground system today?
2．Mobile phone makes it easier to_get(get) in touch with the friends in the distance.
3．It is important for us to keep our promise.
4．He has been addicted to playing(play)computer games for a long time.
5．As a senior high school student，you should focus on your study.
6．He has kept his attention focused(focus)on her experiment，please leave him alone.
7．He is attracted to China，so he began to learn Chinese.
8．She is an expert in English，so you can ask her if you have any question.
9．As an adult，you should be responsible for your behavior (behave)．
10．You can join the International Youth(young)camp if you want to improve your spoken English.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．It is very important for us to make good use of our time.
利用好时间对我们来说很重要。
2．Why not make a fire to keep warm?
为什么不点火保暖呢？
3．Spending too much time playing computer games makes it difficult for him to concentrate/focus on his study.
花太多时间玩游戏使他很难集中精力学习。
4．Because he was addicted to computer games he had to quit school.
由于对网络游戏上瘾，他不得不辍学了。
5．He joined the Adventure Camp as he is attracted to wild life.
由于他喜欢野生动植物，他加入了探险夏令营。
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Section Ⅲ Grammar——短语(Ⅰ)
语 境 自 主 领 悟
先观察原句 后自主感悟
1.The first week was a little confusing. 2.First，I had to think very carefully about which courses I wanted to take. 3.The school adviser helped me choose the suitable ones.4.The coach told me that I didn't play well enough. 短语或词组(phrases)是具有一定意义的一组词。本单元主要讲名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语。
短语或词组(phrases)有以下三种形式：
1．名词短语(Noun Phrase)：指以一个名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词。
2．形容词短语(Adjective Phrase)：指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词。
3．副词短语(Adverb Phrase)：指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词。
短语类型 组成 功能 例子
名词短语 (NounPhrase) (限定词)＋(形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词)＋名词＋(介词短语) 在句中当作名词用，一般用作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。 a beautiful campussome school clubs a beautiful campus of my school
Phrase) (副词)＋形容词＋(介词短语) 在句中当作形容词用，可以修饰名词或代词，还可以用作表语或者宾语补足语。 very suitablereally very confusing strong enough good for nothing
副词短语 (AdverbPhrase) (副词)＋副词 在句中当作副词用可以修饰动词、形容词或副词。 very quicklyquite well far too fast much more creatively
[特别提醒]
1．在“组成”中，括号里的成分是可选项。
2．在名词短语的“组成”中，限定词包括冠词(a/an/the)、指示代词(this、that、these、those等)、物主代词(my、your、his、her、our、their等)和不定代词(some、no、neither、both等)。
3．副词enough在修饰形容词或者副词构成形容词短语或者副词短语时，一般放在所修饰的形容词或者副词后面。
[即时演练] 完成句子
①There is a beautiful campus at the foot of the hill.
山脚下有一所美丽的校园。
②Our students can join in some school clubs in our spare time.
我们学生可以在业余时间参加一些校园俱乐部。
③Don't drive so fast！It's dangerous.
不要开的这么快！很危险。
④The students worked very hard in the classroom last week.
上周学生们在教室刻苦学习。
Ⅰ.指出下列句中划线短语的类型
1．I think I'll finish my task pretty soon.(副词短语)
2．Our new English teacher is very nice and patient.
(名词短语) (形容词短语)
3．Adam has joined some clubs in senior high school.(名词短语)
4．We all know that Rila plays violin very well！(副词短语)
5．My school advisor says that the advanced literature course
(名词短语) (名词短语)
is difficult but very interesting.
(形容词短语)
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．A timely (time) snow makes good harvest.
2．He was very confused(confuse) about the result of the exam.
3．Li Hua speaks English quite fluently(fluent)as she has lived in England for many years.
4．One can never be careful(carefully)enough while crossing the street.
5．This problem is a lot more_difficult (difficult)than that one.
6．Our school is so beautiful(beautifully)that all of us like it very much.
7．My teacher speaks English so quickly(quick)that I can't follow him in class.
8．Now many kids have such a busy (busily) schedule that they don't get enough sleep.
9．The course seems very difficult and is not very suitable(suit) for freshman students.
10．It's raining quite heavily(heavy)．You'd better stay at home.
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Section Ⅱ Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking——Language Points
Ⅰ.重点单词
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．volunteer n．志愿者
2．debate n．辩论；争论 vt.&vi.辩论；争论
3．challenge n．挑战；艰巨任务 vt.怀疑；向……挑战
4．topic n．话题；标题
5．recommend vt.建议；推荐；介绍
6．literature n．文学；文学作品
7．extra adj.额外的；附加的
8．quit vi.&vt.停止；戒掉；离开(工作职位、学校等)
9．improve vi.&vt.改进；改善
10．schedule n．工作计划；日程安排 vt.安排；预定
Ⅱ.拓展单词
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．teenage adj.十几岁的(指13至19岁)；青少年的→teenager n．(13至19岁之间的)青少年
2．actual adj.事实的，真的→actually adv.事实上，的确
3．confuse vt.使糊涂；使迷惑→confused adj.糊涂的；迷惑的→confusing adj.难以理解的；不清楚的
4．fluent adj.(尤指外语)流利的；熟练的→fluently adv.流利地；熟练地
5．graduate vi.&vt.毕业；获得学位→graduation n．毕业
6．advance n．前进；发展 vi.前进；发展 vt.发展；促进→advanced adj.高级的；高等的；先进的
7．obvious adj.显然的，明显的→obviously adv.显然；明显地
8．responsible adj.负责的；有责任的→responsibility n．责任；义务
9．solve vt.解决；解答→solution n．解决办法；答案
10．editor n．主编；编辑；编者→edit vt.编辑；校订→edition n．版本；版次
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．prefer...to... 喜欢……多于……
2．suitable for 对……适合的
3．sign up(for sth.) 报名(参加课程)
4．be responsible for 对……负责
5．clean up 打扫(或清除)干净
6．hand out 分发；施舍
7．get used to 习惯于……
8．keep up with 赶得上；与……保持联系
背教材原句 记句式结构 仿写促落实
1.Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge.从初中过渡到高中真是一项巨大的挑战。 动名词或动名词短语作主语。 Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass. 生活没有目标就像航海没有指南针。
2.My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I'm good at it.因为我喜欢英语而且成绩不错，我的指导老师建议我选修高级文学。 recommend 后跟从句要用虚拟语气。 The doctor recommended that he (should) do an operation at once. 医生建议他立刻做手术。
3.I will find a way to improve on my own so that I can make the team next year.我会亲身想办法提升自己以便明年能成为这个(足球)队的一员。 so that “为了……；以便……引导目的状语从句” He got up early so that he could catch up with the early bus. 为了赶上早班车，他起得很早。
4....it'll be quite difficult to get used to all the homework.习惯于所有的作业会非常困难。 it作形式主语，代替后面的不定式短语。 It is comfortable to sit on the chair. 坐在这把椅子上很舒服。
debate n.辩论；争论
vt.&vi.辩论，争论
(教材P12)Debate Club 辩论俱乐部
a debate on/about/over sth. 关于……争论 under debate 在争论中 debate with oneself 仔细考虑；思考
①We're debating whether or not to go skiing this winter.
我们正在争论今冬是否去滑雪。
②There is a heated debate over the problem.
就这个问题有一个激烈的争论。
③The question under debate was put to a vote.
辩论中的这个问题已付诸表决。
④She debated with herself for a while and then picked up the phone.
她仔细琢磨了一会儿，然后拿起了电话。
prefer vt.比较喜欢
(教材P12)I prefer helping others.
我比较喜欢帮助别人。
(1)prefer sth.to sth. 喜欢……而不喜欢…… prefer to do sth. 更喜欢做…… prefer doing sth.to doing sth. 宁愿做……而不愿做…… (2) (3)preference n. 偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物 have a preference for 对……偏爱
①Nowadays many children prefer surfing(surf)the Internet at home to taking(take)exercise outdoors.
如今许多孩子宁可待在家里上网，也不愿意到户外进行锻炼。
②After all，all kids prefer to be praised(praise)rather than be scolded(scold)．
毕竟，所有的孩子都喜欢表扬而不是批评。
[写作联想] 例句②的其他表达方式
①After all，all kids would be praised rather than be scolded.
②After all，all kids would rather be praised than be scolded.
③After all，all kids prefer being praised to being scolded.
clean up 打扫(或清除)干净
(教材P12)clean up the parks 打扫干净公园
clean sth.off sth. 把……从……擦掉/清除 clean out 清理；把……打扫干净
①I cleaned the mud off my boots.
我把靴子上的泥擦掉了。
②They spent a day cleaning out the garage.
他们花了一天时间彻底清理车库。
③I'm going to clean up in the bedroom this afternoon.
今天下午我在卧室里打扫卫生。
suitable for 对……适合的
(教材P12)Which club do you think is suitable for Adam?
你认为哪个俱乐部适合Adam?
(1)be suitable for 适合于…… be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事 (2)suit sb. 适合某人 suit one's needs 适合某人的需要 (3)a suit of 一套…… suit vt. 适合，使适宜n. 一套外衣；套装
①The job suits well with his ability.
这项工作和他的能力很相称。
②The film is suitable for children.
这部电影适合孩子。
[明辨异同] suit，match，fit
suit 多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、时间等；指衣服合适时，多指颜色和款式。
match 多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。
fit 多指大小、形状合适，引申为“吻合，协调”。
(suit，match，fit)
③The size of the shirt fits me well and its color matches my tie，so it suits me.
challenge n.挑战；艰巨任务
vt.怀疑；向……挑战
(教材P14)Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge.
从初中过渡到高中真是一项巨大的挑战。
(1)a challenge to 对……的挑战 meet/face/issue a challenge 应对/面临/发起挑战 (2)challenge sb.to(do)sth.向某人挑战(做)某事/要求某人做某事 (3)challenging adj. 有挑战性的；有吸引力的
①He accepted his friend's challenge to swim (swim)across the river.
他接受朋友的挑战，要游过河去。
②I challenge you to show(show) your proof.
我要求你出示证据。
③I challenged him to a game of tennis.
我向他提出比赛网球。
confusing adj.难以理解的；不清楚的
(教材P14)The first week was a little confusing.
第一周有点不清楚。
(1)confuse...with/and... 把……和……混淆 confuse vt. 使糊涂；使困惑；把……混淆，弄错 confused adj. 困惑的；不清楚的；难懂的 (2)be/get confused with/about 对……感到困惑
①I can't see how anyone could confuse you with/and another!
我不明白怎么会有人把你和另外一个人搞混！
②She had confused(confuse)feelings about him.
她对他有一些混杂的情绪。
③I'm confused(confuse) —the instructions on the box are really confusing.
我被搞糊涂了——盒子上的用法说明实在让人费解。
graduate vi.&vt.毕业；获得学位
n.毕业生
(教材P14)I know that Chinese is a very difficult language，but I hope to be fluent when I graduate.
我知道汉语是一种非常难学的语言，但我希望我毕业时能很熟练它了。
(1)graduate from 毕业于…… (2)graduate in...from... 毕业于……学校……专业 (3)graduation n. 毕业；毕业典礼
①After graduating from college，we finally got the chance to take a bike trip.
大学毕业后，我们终于有了骑车去旅游的机会。
②He graduated in law from Beijing University.
他毕业于北京大学法律系。
③He is a graduate graduating from Oxford.
他是一个从牛津大学毕业的大学生。
④After graduation(graduate)，he went abroad for further education.
毕业以后，他出国深造了。
(教材P14)My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I'm good at it.
因为我喜欢英语而且成绩不错，我的指导老师建议我选修高级文学。
(1)recommend vt.推荐，荐举；劝告，建议
(1)recommend doing sth. 建议做某事 recommend sb.to do sth. 建议某人做某事 recommend that sb.(should)do sth. 建议某人做某事(从句用虚拟语气) (2)recommend sb.sth. 向某人推荐某物 recommend sth.to sb. 把某物推荐给某人 recommend sb.as... 推荐某人为…… (3)recommendation n. 推荐；介绍信
①I hope our teachers can recommend more interesting books and magazines to us and give us more free time to read them.
我希望老师能给我们推荐一些更有趣的书和杂志，给我们更多的自由时间进行阅读。
②Eye doctors recommend that a child's first eye exam should be (be)at the age of six months old.
眼科医生建议孩子第一次视力检查应该在六个月大时。
③The doctor strongly recommended limiting(limit)the amount of fat in my diet.
医生强烈建议我限制饮食中脂肪的含量。
(2)sign up(for sth.)报名(参加课程)
sign in/out 签到/退 sign away 签字放弃，签字让与 sign over 签字转让 sign for sth. 签收
④I have decided to sign up for evening classes this term.
我决定这个学期报名上夜校。
⑤My sister is thinking of signing up for a yoga course.
我姐姐正考虑报名上瑜伽课。
⑥All visitors must sign in on arrival.
来客均须签到。
⑦Someone must sign for the package when we deliver it.
我们投送包裹时，必须有人签收。
advanced adj.高级的；高等的；先进的
(教材P14)I'm a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in my advanced course，...
在我的高等课程方面我有点担心我是否能跟得上其他学生。
(1)advance v．促进；前进；预支；提前；提出(想法、理论、计划)n.前进；进步 (2)advance on/towards sb./sth. 向某人/物前进 (3)in advance 预先，事先；预付 in advance of (时间上)提前于…… make an advance/advances in 在……方面取得进步
①The troops advanced towards/on the enemy.
军队向敌人挺进。
②He would call in advance to make sure there was no alcohol at the party.
他会事先打电话来确定宴会上没有酒。
③Advanced(advance)technology was brought into the local factory last year.As a result，the daily output has doubled by now.
去年，当地工厂引进了先进技术。结果，到现在，日产量翻了一番。
[温馨提示]
(1)advance本身已有“向前”的意思，因此不必再用forward。类似：repeat不与again连用；return(回来)不与back连用；enter(进入)不与into连用。
(2)表示“在……方面有进步”后接介词in。
quit vi.&vt.停止；戒掉；离开(工作职位，学校等)
(教材P14)Obviously，I was unhappy，but I won't quit.
很显然，我不高兴，但我不会放弃。
quit school/one's job/office 退学/离职/辞职 quit a place 离开某地 quit doing sth. 停止做某事
①I've quitted my job.
我已辞职。
②You must quit smoking(smoke)．
你必须戒烟。
③He quit Paris after a month.
一个月后他离开巴黎。
[易错点拨]
quit后接名词或动名词作宾语，不能接不定式作宾语。
be responsible for 对……负责
(教材P14)I know I'll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being responsible for a lot more.
我知道作为一名高中生要更加努力地学习和习惯于对更多的事情负责。
(1)responsibly adv. 可靠地；负责地 (2)responsibility n. 责任；义务 have/take responsibility for 负责……；有……责任
①He was responsible for the accident.
他是这起事故的肇事者。
②You will have responsibility for sales and marketing.
你将负责销售和市场营销。
③Would someone take responsibility for bringing Paul home?
有人愿意负责带Paul回家吗？
schedule n.工作计划；日程安排
vt.安排；预定
(教材P15)Finding time for both studies and extra?curricular activities is a big challenge，so I need to make a workable schedule.
安排好学习和课外活动的时间是一个很大的挑战，所以我需要制定一个工作计划表。
(1)ahead of schedule 提前 behind schedule 落后于进度/计划 on schedule 准时，按时间表 (2)be scheduled for 预定；安排 be scheduled to do... 计划做…… as scheduled 按计划
①The project was completed ahead of schedule.
这个项目提前完成了。
②The sale is scheduled for tomorrow.
大减价定于明天举行。
③The trip is scheduled to start(start) on December 21 in New York City and continue on to Milan，Prague，Paris，Bangkok and New Delhi.
这次旅行计划于12月21日在纽约开始，继续前往米兰、布拉格、巴黎、曼谷和新德里。
④I finished the task on schedule.
我按时完成了任务。
(教材P14)Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge.
从初中过渡到高中真是一项巨大的挑战。
【要点提炼】 Going from junior high school to senior high school在句中作主语。英语中，当动词或动词短语用作主语时，可以使用动词?ing形式。
(1)动词?ing形式作主语时，相当于名词，谓语动词用单数。 (2)当动词?ing短语过长时，常用it作形式主语，而把动词?ing形式后置。
①It is a waste of time arguing about it.
为这事争吵简直是浪费时间。
②Seeing is believing.
[谚]百闻不如一见。
③Reading outside school is necessary and important in learning English.
课外阅读对于英语学习是必要的。
④Playing with fire is dangerous.
玩火是很危险的。
⑤It is no use trying to persuade him.
试图说明他是没有用的。
(教材P14)I'll find a way to improve on my own so that I can make the team next year.
我会亲自想办法提升自己以便明年能成为这个足球队的一员。
【要点提炼】 so that引导结果状语从句，意为以“便……；为……”。
so，that，so that，such that这四个词都可以引导结果状语从句。so that最为常用，so或that常用于口语或非正式文体中。
①We hurried so (that)we didn't miss the last bus.
我们加快脚步所以才没错过最后一班公共汽车。
②He didn't plan the work well，so that he didn't finish it in time.
他没把工作计划好，结果没按时完成。
③The shock was such that she was almost driven mad.
打击如此之大，以至于她差点发疯。
(教材P14)．..it'll be quite difficult to get used to all the homework.
习惯于所有的作业会非常困难。
【要点提炼】 it作形式主语，代替后面的不定式短语to get used to all the homework这样做是为了保持句子平衡，避免头重脚轻。
当动名词、不定式，从句作主语时，尤其是他们的句式结构很长时，通常是用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语后置。
①It's great fun playing games.
玩游戏很有趣。
②It is important to learn(learn) the right habits at an early age.
从小养成良好的习惯非常重要。
③It is true that he was admitted by the college.
他被大学录取是真的。
④It is very difficult for us to change the whole plan.
要我们改变整个计划是很难的。
My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I'm good at it.
【分析】 本句的主语是My adviser，recommended是谓语，后面的that从句是宾语。在从句中又有一个because引导的状语从句，另外I like English 和I'm good at it是两个并列句。
【翻译】 因为我喜欢英语而且成绩不错，我的指导老师建议我选修高级文学。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The question under debate now should be solved as quickly as we can.
2．Rather than take a bus，I prefer to walk(walk)home every Sunday.
3．Senior high school life is a really big challenge for Adam.
4．I got confused(confuse)about what he had done in the classroom.
5．After graduation/graduating(graduate)from the university，he returned to his poor village to help the poor.
6．I recommend that Tom should take(take)part in the game after school.
7．My school adviser recommended me to choose the advanced (advance)maths in college.
8．The writer quit writing(write)and relaxed herself.
9．The trip is scheduled(schedule)to begin next Monday.
10．It is no use crying over the spilt milk.
Ⅱ.用下列单词或短语的适当形式填空
prefer...to；suitable for；clean up；sign up；be responsible for
1．Do you know who was responsible for the accident?
2．I prefer swimming to running in summer.
3．My mother has decided to sign up for a yoga course since she came back from India last month.
4．We all know that climbing mountain is suitable for young people.
5．The students are asked to clean up the campus every morning.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．It is dangerous to swim in the river by oneself.
独自一人在这条河里游泳是很危险的。
2．Studying hard isn't always fun.
努力学习不总是好玩的。
3．He took a lot of food so that he could help the poor.
为了帮助家人，他带了许多食物。
4．You have responsibility for looking after the child.
你有责任照顾这个孩子。
5．I recommend that he(should)improve his English.
我建议他提高他的英语水平。
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Unit 1 Teenage life
你熟悉美国高中生的生活吗？让我们阅读下面的文章，走进美国的高中生活。
In America, after middle school comes high school which includes grades 9 through 12. Students should take certain subjects like English，social studies, maths and physical education. In addition, they choose among elective subjects to complete their high school education. Electives include subjects in technology, art and foreign languages.
Each student in the school has their own books and possessions, which saves students carrying textbooks.
Each school holds certain yearly activities for the entire school students, such as homecoming, prom, holiday celebrations, etc.
While homecoming is celebrated differently at each school, it usually includes a parade and the crowning of the Homecoming King or Queen, and ends with a football game and school dance. The prom is a formal
dance for students in grades 11 and 12, and is generally accepted as the most important social event of the school year.
Most high schools have at least one sports team that competes in local events, and all students are encouraged to be involved in sports.
[阅读障碍词]
1．possession n. 财物
2．prom n．正式舞会
3．parade n．游行
4．crowning n．加冕
5．compete v．竞赛；竞争
[诱思导读]
Which elective subjects do students in American high school choose in addition to certain subjects?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
[答案] They include subjects in technology, art and foreign languages.
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking——Comprehending
Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思
( )1.debate A．n.工作计划；日程安排vt.安
排；预定
( )2.actually B．n.辩论；争论 vt.&vi.辩论；
争论
( )3.challenge C．adv.事实上；的确
( )4.confuse D．n.挑战；艰巨任务 vt.怀疑；
向……挑战
( )5.fluent E．vi.&vt.改进；改善
( )6.graduate F．adv.显然；明显地
( )7.recommend G．vt.建议；推荐；介绍
( )8.obviously H．vi.&vt.毕业；获得学位
n．毕业生
( )9.improve I．adj.(尤指外语)流利的；
熟练的
( )10.schedule J．vt.使糊涂；使迷惑
[答案] 1－5 BCDJI 6－10 HGFEA
Ⅱ.选择下列句子中词组的汉语意思
A．喜欢……多于…… B．打扫(或清除)干净 C．对……适合 D．报名 E．对……负责 F．分发；施舍 G．习惯于 H．赶得上；和……保持联系
( )1.I think the club is suitable for you because you can learn dancing here.
( )2.Our task is to clean up the parks.
( )3.I prefer dancing to singing.
( )4.Adam signed up for the music class because he likes singing and he is very good at it.
( )5.Do you know who should be responsible for the accident?
( )6.How can we keep up with the changing world?
( )7.China doesn't hand out free lunches，and Europe has no right to expect any.
( )8.Adam got used to the new life as a senior high school student in China.
[答案] 1－5 CBADE 6－8 HFG
第一步 速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
速读P14课文内容，匹配段落大意
1．Para.1 A．Senior high school is a challenge.
2．Para.2 B．He had to choose extra?curricular activities.
3．Para.3 C．He'll study hard for the future.
4．Para.4 D．The school adviser helped Adam
choose the suitable courses.
[答案] 1－4 ADBC
第二步 细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P14课文内容，选择最佳答案
1．Which course was not the one that the school adviser helped Adam choose?
A．Chinese. B．Chemistry.
C．Physics. D．Maths.
2．What does “make the team” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Become a member of the team.
B．Organize another team by himself.
C．Give up the team.
D．Choose another team instead of this one.
3．What is Adam worried about now according to the passage?
A．He can't keep up with the other students in his advanced course.
B．He can't get used to all the homework now.
C．He can't be responsible for some duties in the new school.
D．Both A and B.
4．Why is Adam confident that he will get used to senior high school life?
A．He has made up his mind to study hard.
B．The school adviser helped him to choose courses well.
C．He was happy to be in the senior high school.
D．He likes English and is very good at it.
[答案] 1－4 CADA
第三步 研读——能力升华接轨高考
根据P14课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Adam is a freshman in senior high school.He finds senior high school is 1.a big challenge and the first week was a little 2.confusing (confuse)．Luckily，the school adviser helped him choose the suitable courses and 3.recommended(recommend)that he sign 4.up for advanced literature.Though Adam thinks Chinese very difficult，he hopes to be fluent when he graduates.
He had to choose extra?curricular 5.activities(activity)．He wanted to join the school football team，but he was refused because the coach thinks he didn't play well.6.However，he won't quit.He will work hard 7.to improve(improve) it.Besides he joined a volunteer club to help 8.homeless(home)people in the community every Wednesday.
To keep up with the other students in his 9.advanced(advance) course and get used to all the homework，Adam will study hard.Studying hard isn't always fun，but he will be well 10.prepared(prepare)for university or whatever else comes in the future.
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