Period Five Writing—Writing a story
本单元的写作任务是写一篇故事类短文，体裁为记叙文。有时是根据所提供的一幅或几幅图的信息写短文，有时是根据所提供的文字信息写短文。
写这类文章时，一定要注意记叙文的六大要素，仔细推敲人物与事件的关系，并作适当补充，增加一些必要的过渡词，使故事的叙述更加合理，具体做法如下：
1.分析人物与事件的关系，使之有机地结合起来，确保内容连贯、合理。
2.提炼要点与细节，然后将所列要点用地道的英语句子表达出来。
3.用恰当的过渡词把句子连接成文，使文章衔接自然，行文流畅。
4.恰当运用并列句、复合句、非谓语动词、强调句、倒装句等，长短句交错使用，避免行文单调。
1.Then...After that...At last (Finally)
2.It is really an unforgettable day...
3.I was really surprised when...
4.I wasn’t sure whether...
5.To my astonishment...
6.It turns out that...
7.Seeing this，I...
8.Tired as we were，we were very delighted.
假设你是新华中学的学生李华，美国交换生Jack正在中国学汉语。他觉得自己的汉语学得很不错了，但在理解中国小吃的名称方面仍有困难。前几天你带他吃“老婆饼”和“叫花鸡”，他觉得很奇怪，吃后却觉得好吃。请用一则周记记叙这件事。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：小吃snack；老婆饼wife-cake；叫花鸡Jiaohuazi(Beggar’s) Chicken
审题
1.体裁：记叙文
2.时态：一般过去时和一般现在时
3.人称：第一人称和第三人称
谋篇
本文可分为三部分：
第一部分：对人物的简介。
第二部分：对事件的详细叙述。
第三部分：事件的简单后续。
必备词汇
1.交换生exchange student
2.理解有困难have trouble/difficulty/problems (in) understanding
3.尝试一下have a try
4.爱上fall in love with
关键句式
1.Jack是我的一个朋友，他说汉语很流利。
Jack is one of my friends.He can speak Chinese very fluently.
2.Jack在理解中国小吃的名字方面有点困难。
It’s hard for Jack to understand the names of Chinese snacks.
3.他不喜欢一些中国小吃的名字，也不想去尝。
He doesn’t like the names of some Chinese snacks.He doesn’t want to eat them，either.
4.我花了很长时间才说服他尝试一下。
It took me a long time to persuade him to have a try.
5.我喜欢这些名称的中国小吃，他们反映了中国人民的智慧。
I like these names of Chinese snacks，and they reflect the wisdom of Chinese people.
句式升级
1.用定语从句改写句1。
Jack is one of my friends，who can speak Chinese very fluently.
2.用have trouble in doing sth.改写句2。
Jack has some trouble in understanding the names of Chinese snacks.
3.用倒装句改写句3。
He doesn’t like the names of some Chinese snacks，and neither does he want to eat them.
4.用spend...doing...改写句4。
I spent a long time persuading him to have a try.
5.用定语从句改写句5。
I like these names of Chinese snacks，which reflect the wisdom of Chinese people.
用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80词左右的英语短文。
参考范文
Jack，an American exchange student，is one of my friends，who can speak Chinese fluently.
Jack still has some trouble understanding the names of Chinese snacks.He likes Chinese dumplings.However，he doesn’t like the names of some Chinese snacks，and neither does he want to eat them.One day I bought him some wife-cakes and a Beggar’s Chicken，which really surprised him.I spent a long time persuading him to have a try.
After eating，he fell in love with them.I like these names of Chinese snacks，which reflect the wisdom of Chinese.
Period Four Grammar—Review：word formation
感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题
1.Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.
2.This made me realize that there’s no egg in eggplant either.
3.If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions，why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same?
4.You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which...
5....but when the lights are out，they are invisible.
6.Not only can you post specific questions，but you can also broaden your knowledge by reading posts from other English learners around the world.
1.句1和句2中的黑体单词都是由两个词合在一起构成的一个新词，这种词叫合成词，这种构词法被称为合成法。
2.句3、4、5中的黑体单词是在词根之前加上前缀，或在词根之后加上后缀，构成一个与原来单词意思相近或相反的单词，这种构词法叫派生法。
3.句6中的两个post词性不同：第一个post为动词，意为“发帖子”；第二个post为名词，意为“帖子”。这是在不改变词形的前提下将一个词由一种词性转化为另外一种词性，这种方法被称为转化法。
许多英语单词的构成都有一定的规律，这种规律被称为构词法。掌握构词法知识对我们更好地理解词义、认识新词和扩大词汇量都有重要意义。英语中的构词法有合成法、派生法和转化法三大类。
一、合成法
由两个或两个以上的单词合成的词叫合成词，这种构词法称为合成法。最常见的合成法包括：合成名词、合成形容词、合成动词。词与词之间有的用连字符连接，有的直接连接在一起。
1.合成名词的常见结构
(1)名词＋名词 bedroom卧室；sportsman男运动员；lifeboat救生船
(2)名词＋动词-ing handwriting书法；sightseeing观光；sunbathing日光浴
(3)形容词＋名词 hardware硬件；midnight午夜；gentleman绅士
(4)动词-ing＋名词 writing-paper书写纸；hiding-place藏身处；swimming-pool游泳池
(5)动词＋名词 watchdog看家狗；pickpocket扒手；playground操场
(6)名词＋动词 snowfall降雪；daybreak黎明；waterdrop水滴
(7)名词＋动词＋-er storyteller讲故事的人；lawmaker立法者；troublemaker搬弄是非者
(8)名词＋介词＋名词 mother-in-law岳母；婆婆；son-in-law女婿
(9)动词＋副词 get-together聚会；breakthrough突破；tryout选拔赛
(10)副词＋动词 outbreak爆发；income收入；downpour倾盆大雨
(11)过去分词＋副词 grown-up成年人
2.合成动词的常见结构
(1)名词＋动词 sleepwalk梦游；sunbathe日光浴；water-cool用水冷却
(2)形容词＋动词 broadcast广播；ill-treat虐待；whitewash粉饰
(3)副词＋动词 overwork工作过度；outnumber数目超过
3.合成形容词的常见结构
(1)名词＋动词-ing English-speaking讲英语的；peace-loving爱好和平的
(2)名词＋过去分词 heart-broken伤心的；man-made人造的；water-covered被水覆盖的
(3)名词＋形容词 snow-white雪白的；ice-cold冰冷的；world-famous世界闻名的
(4)形容词＋名词＋-ed warm-hearted热心的；middle-aged中年的；absent-minded心不在焉的
(5)形容词＋动词-ing ordinary-looking长相一般的；far-reaching意义深远的；easy-going随和的
(6)形容词＋名词 long-distance长途的；short-term短期的；part-time兼职的
(7)副词＋动词-ed well-developed发达的；newly-published新出版的
(8)数词＋名词 100-meter 100米的；20-year 20年的；million-pound百万英镑的
(9)数词＋名词＋-ed one-eyed独眼的；three-storeyed三层的；four-legged四条腿的
(10)数词＋名词＋形容词 three-year-old三岁的；300-meter-long 300米长的；two-foot-deep两英尺深的
二、派生法
派生法指在词根之前加前缀或在词根之后加后缀构成一个与原来单词意义相近或相反的单词。除少数前缀外，前缀一般改变单词的意思，不改变词性；后缀一般改变单词的词性，但是并不引起词义的变化。
1.动词变名词后缀
(1)-y discover→discovery发现；injure→injury伤害
(2)-er/-or/-ar/-ee beg→beggar乞丐；work→worker工人；educate→educator教育工作者；lie→liar撒谎者
(3)-ess act→actress女演员；host→hostess女主人
(4)-al arrive→arrival到达；refuse→refusal拒绝
(5)-ion/-sion/-ation attract→attraction吸引(力)；pollute→pollution污染；decide→decision决定；invite→invitation邀请
(6)-ment agree→agreement协议；move→movement运动
(7)-ance/-ence appear→appearance外表；refer→reference参考
(8)-ure/-ture fail→failure失败；mix→mixture混合物
(9)-ing hear→hearing听力；听觉；begin→beginning开始
(10)其他 choose→choice选择；think→thought思想；思考
2.形容词变名词后缀
(1)-y/-ty/-ity difficult→difficulty困难；safe→safety安全；able→ability能力
(2)-cy fluent→fluency流利；efficient→efficiency效率
(3)-th warm→warmth温暖；true→truth真理
(4)-age short→shortage缺少；marry→marriage婚姻
(5)-ist science→scientist科学家；piano→pianist钢琴家
(6)-ship hard→hardship艰苦
(7)-dom wise→wisdom智慧；free→freedom自由
(8)-ness happy→happiness幸福；kind→kindness仁慈
(9)-ence silent→silence沉默；different→difference差异
3.动词、名词变形容词后缀
(1)-y health→healthy健康的；taste→tasty美味可口的
(2)-ly friend→friendly友好的；order→orderly整洁的
(3)-al nature→natural自然的；tradition→traditional传统的
(4)-able reason→reasonable合理的；comfort→comfortable舒适的
(5)-ive act→active活跃的；effect→effective有效的
(6)-ful forget→forgetful健忘的；wonder→wonderful精彩的；极好的
(7)-ous danger→dangerous危险的
(8)-ern east→eastern东方的；south→southern南方的
(9)-ish self→selfish自私的；fool→foolish愚蠢的
(10)-en wood→wooden木制的；wool→woolen羊毛的
4.形容词变副词后缀
(1)直接加-ly certain→certainly肯定地；natural→naturally自然地
(2)变y为i再加-ly happy→happily高兴地；lucky→luckily幸运地
(3)去e加y terrible→terribly非常；simple→simply简单地；gentle→gently温柔地
5.形容词变动词的前缀和后缀
(1)en- able→enable使能够；large→enlarge扩大
(2)-en wide→widen使变宽；sharp→sharpen使锋利
(3)-ize/-ise modern→modernize使现代化；real→realize实现
(4)-ify simple→simplify简化；pure→purify净化
6.否定前缀
(1)un- healthy→unhealthy不健康的；fair→unfair不公平的
(2)im- possible→impossible不可能的；polite→impolite不礼貌的
(3)dis- like→dislike不喜欢；agree→disagree不同意
(4)non- native→non-native非本土的；stop→non-stop不停顿的；直达的
(5)mis- understand→misunderstand误解；lead→mislead误导
(6)in- formal→informal非正式的；convenient→inconvenient不方便的
(7)il- legal→illegal非法的
(8)ir- regular→irregular不规则的
7.其他意义的前缀、后缀
(1)re-(重新) write→rewrite重写；build→rebuild重建
(2)inter-(交互的) act→interact互动；phone→interphone对讲机
(3)co-(共同) writer→co-writer联合作者；operate→cooperate协作
(4)auto-(自动) play→autoplay自动播放
(5)bi-(两个) cycle→bicycle自行车；lingual→bilingual双语的
(6)-less(无) harm→harmless无害的；use→useless无用的
三、转化法(conversion)
在词形不变的情况下，把一个单词由一种词性转换成另一种词性，而没有加任何词缀，这种构词方法称为转化法。转化法种类很多，但数量最多的是由名词转化为动词和由动词转化为名词两大类。转换后的词义与转换前的词义通常有密切的联系，但有时差异也很大。例如：
dream v.做梦→n.梦
look v.看→n.相貌
back n.后背→v.支持
air n.空气→v.通风
1.许多名词可转化成动词，意思也随着有些改变。如：
chair(n.椅子→ v.主持) hand(n.手→v.递，交)
land(n.土地→v.着陆) cook(n.厨师→v.烹调)
order(n.命令→v.订购) name(n.名字→v.取名)
lift(n.电梯→v.举起) picture(n.画→v.描绘)
press(n.报刊→v.挤压) nurse(n.护士→v.照料)
smoke(n.烟→v.吸烟) stand(n.看台→v.站)
2.大量动词可转化为名词，有时意思没有太大改变。如：
try(v.尝试→n.尝试) swim(v.游泳→n.游泳)
sigh(v.叹气→n.叹气) cry(v.哭→n.哭)
shout(v.呼喊→n.呼喊) kiss(v.吻→n.吻)
3.形容词转化成动词。如：
better(adj.更好的→v.改善) calm(adj.平静的→v.使平静)
cool(adj.凉快的→v.冷却) spare(adj.空闲的→v.节省)
own(adj.自己的→v.拥有) close(adj.亲密的→v.关闭)
slow(adj.慢的→v.减慢) last(adj.最后的→v.持续)
4.形容词转化成名词。如：
cold(adj.冷的→n.感冒) back(adj.后面的→n.背部)
quiet(adj.安静的→n.安静) calm(adj.平静的→n.平静)
5.形容词转化成副词。如：
deep(adj.深的→adv.深深地)
wide(adj.宽的→adv.广泛地)
hard(adj.困难的→adv.努力地)
well(adj.健康的→adv.很好地)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been poorly(poor) studied...(2019·全国Ⅰ)
2.They also shared with us many traditional(tradition)stories about Hawaii that were hugely(huge) popular with tourists.(2019·全国Ⅲ)
3.To avoid knee pain，you can run on soft surfaces，do exercises to strengthen(strength) your leg muscles(肌肉)，avoid hills and get good running shoes.(2018·全国Ⅰ)
4.This switch has decreased pollution(pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.(2018·全国Ⅱ)
5.According to the World Bank，China accounts for about 30 percent of total global(globe) fertilizer consumption.(2018·全国Ⅱ)
6.I’m a scientist(science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
7.Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly(fair) unpleasant for the passengers，with all the smoke and noise.(2017·全国Ⅱ)
Ⅱ.写出句中画线单词的词性和汉语意思
8.This is what my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
(2018·北京)
答案 动词，面对
9.She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m.or questioned my expenses on running.(2018·北京)
答案 动词，询问
10.Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint，the time，effort and relative expense put into it are significant.(2018·全国Ⅰ)
答案 名词，墙纸
11.Susan had quit her well-paid job and was working as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.(2018·北京)
答案 形容词，薪水高的
12.When a dark-colored cake was served on a black plate rather than a white one，customers recognized it as sweeter and more tasty.(2018·江苏)
答案 形容词，深色的
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.I can’t find my toys anywhere—they’ve entirely disappeared(appear).
2.Being unable(able) to afford a proper home after getting married，the couple moved into a mountain cave.
3.It’s a(n) informal(formal) party，so you needn’t go home to get changed.
4.His parents completely misunderstood(understand) him and criticized(批评) him heavily.
5.It’s impolite(polite) of you to ask a lady some personal questions in public.
6.The latest teaching equipment(equip) in our school is said to have cost a lot of money.
7.Tom was discouraged(courage) because his father didn’t allow him to take part in the singing competition.
8.Handle the most important task first and you’ll feel a real sense of achievement(achieve).
9.She is determined to carry on with her education(educate).
10.She was taken to hospital as her heart was beating irregularly(regular).
Ⅱ.写出句中画线单词的词性和汉语意思
11.Although my new cellphone has many functions，it doesn’t fun_ction well.
答案 第一个fun_ction是名词，功能；第二个fun_ction是动词，起作用，运转。
12.I have booked my ticket and bought three books for my sister.
答案 第一个book是动词，预订；第二个book是名词，书。
13.Mary is drawing water from the well and looks quite well.
答案 第一个well是名词，井；第二个well是形容词，健康的，身体好的。
14.He doesn’t like to study in his study.
答案 第一个study是动词，学习；第二个study是名词，书房。
15.Let’s go out for a walk after supper，but don’t walk too fast.
答案 第一个walk是名词，散步；第二个walk是动词，走。
16.Miss Gong is a world-famous film star and has starred in many famous films.
答案 第一个star为名词，明星；第二个star为动词，主演。
17.CCTV will give the fans live broadcast of the World Cup.
答案 live为形容词，现场直播的。
18.The child is very excited to see the real live elephant.
答案 live为形容词，活的。
课时跟踪练4
基础巩固
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.I would appreciate it if you could take me into consideration(consider).Looking forward to receiving your reply.
2.Mr Lee said that the smiles and happiness(happy) of the children gave him great courage every day.
3.The title will be officially(official) given to me at a ceremony in London.
4.This development was only possible with the introduction(introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts.
5.The accident happened on a stormy(storm) night when no one else was around to turn to.
6.Their product is friendly(friend) to the environment and popular with customers.
7.He didn’t like his work；he did it simply(simple) for the money.
8.Martin was very helpful(help)；we couldn’t have finished the work on time without him.
9.His class was interesting(interest).I learned a lot from him.
10.However，travelling isn’t always pleasing/pleasant(pleased).
11.On his way home from school，Peter saw an old man walking with difficulty(difficult) in the rain without an umbrella.
12.They look really(real) beautiful in the shape of a diamond，about 5 inches long and 4 inches wide.
13.When my friends came in，we talked happily(happy).
14.I want to do something in return，so I must become more independent(independence) and maturer.
15.I’m also planning to take a course or two—probably(probable) in April.
16.It’s also of great importance(important) to reuse some resources such as waste paper and waste water.
17.I am writing to tell you something about the people doing the square dance in our community，which has made most of us students terribly(terrible) upset.
18.Besides，with a very good command of English，I can speak the language fluently(fluent).
能力提升
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Every people(民族) uses its own special words to show its ideas and feelings.Some of these expressions are commonly used for many years.Others are popular for just a short time.One such American expression is “Where’s the beef？” It is used when something is not as good as it is said to be.In the early 1980s “Where’s the beef？” was one of the most popular expressions in the United States.It seemed as if everyone was using it at the time.
Beef，of course，is the meat from a cow，and no food is more popular in America than a hamburger made from beef.In the 1960s a businessman named Ray began building small restaurants that sold hamburgers at a low price.Ray called his restaurants “McDonald’s”.Ray became one of the richest businessmen at last in America.
Other business people watched his success.Some of them opened their own hamburger restaurants.One company called “Wendy’s” said its hamburgers were bigger than those sold by McDonald’s or anyone else.The Wendy’s Company began to use the expression “Where’s the beef？” to make people know that Wendy’s hamburgers were the biggest.The Wendy’s television advertisement showed three old women eating hamburgers.The bread that covered the meat was very big，but inside there was only a bit of meat.One of the women said she would not eat a hamburger with such a little piece of beef.“Where’s the beef？” she shouted in a funny way.The advertisement for Wendy’s hamburger restaurants was successful.As we said，it seemed everyone began using the expression “Where’s the beef？”
语篇解读 本文主要介绍了“Where’s the beef？”这个表达的由来和意义。
19. started McDonald’s restaurant.
A.Ray
B.McDonald
C.Wendy
D.Three old women
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In the 1960s a businessman named Ray began building small restaurants that sold hamburgers at a low price.Ray called his restaurants ‘McDonald’s’.”可知，雷创立了麦当劳。故A项正确。
20.Other people wanted to open hamburger restaurants because they thought .
A.they could sell hamburgers at a low price
B.hamburgers were easy to make
C.beef was very popular in America
D.they could make a lot of money
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，雷最终成为美国最富有的商人之一；根据第三段前两句可知，其他的商人目睹了雷的成功后也开了店，由此可推知他们是想赚大钱。故D项正确。
21.Wendy’s made the expression known to everybody .
A.with many old women eating hamburgers
B.by a television advertisement
C.while selling bread with a bit of meat in it
D.at the McDonald’s restaurant
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The Wendy’s television advertisement showed three old women eating hamburgers.”以及最后两句可知，温迪公司的电视广告使得这个表达人尽皆知。故B项正确。
22.We can learn from the passage that the expression “Where’s the beef？” means “ ”.
A.The beef in hamburgers is not as much as it is said to be.
B.The hamburgers are not as good as they are said to be.
C.It is used when something is not as good as it is said to be.
D.Wendy’s is the biggest.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It is used when something is not as good as it is said to be.”可知，“Where’s the beef？”被用来表达一件东西不如据说的那么好。故C项正确。
Ⅲ.完形填空
Throughout history，people have been interested in knowing how language first began，but no one knows exactly where or how this happened. 23 ，we do know a lot about 24 ，the languages of today and also the languages of 25 times.There are 26 about three thousand languages in the world today.Chinese is the language 27 the most speakers.English，Russian and Spanish are also spoken by many millions of people. 28 ，some languages in the world have less than one hundred speakers.
There are several important 29 of languages in the world.For example，most of the languages of 30 are in one large family 31 the Indo-European language family.The original language of this family was spoken about 4,500 years 32 .Many of the present languages of Europe and India are modern 33 of the language of 4,500 years ago.
Languages are 34 changing.The English of today is very different 35 the English of 500 years ago.Over time some even 36 completely.About 1,000 years ago 37 was a little known relative of German 38 on one of the borders(边界) of Europe.
If a language has 39 speakers or if it is very old，there may be 40 in the way it is spoken in different areas.That is，the language may have several 41 .Chinese is a good example of dialect differences.Chinese has been spoken for thousands of years by many millions of speakers.The differences among the dialects of Chinese are so great that speakers of Chinese from some parts of China 42 understand speakers from other parts.
23.A.But B.Rather
C.However D.Besides
答案 C
解析 语言的起源一直是人们感兴趣的事情，但是没人确切地知道语言的起源究竟是怎样的。然而，我们还是对语言有许多了解。but后不能出现逗号，因此此处用however表转折。
24.A.English B.history
C.Chinese D.languages
答案 D
解析 由上下文可知，此处讲的是对语言的认识，而不单纯是对汉语或英语的认识。空后的“the languages of...”是提示。
25.A.earlier B.latter
C.modern D.hard
答案 A
解析 人们对现在的语言以及更早的语言有所了解。由上下文可知此处与today对应。
26.A.frequently B.probably
C.fluently D.gradually
答案 B
解析 现在世界上可能有大约三千种语言。probably可能，符合语境。frequently频繁地；fluently流利地；gradually逐渐地。
27.A.for B.with
C.in D.of
答案 B
解析 由with引导的介词短语作定语，修饰language，表示“汉语是使用人数最多的一种语言”。
28.A.In a word B.At present
C.On the one hand D.On the other hand
答案 D
解析 上文提到汉语是使用人数最多的一种语言，接着又说英语、俄语和西班牙语也有数百万人使用，后文话锋一转讲到，还有不到一百人使用的语言。on the other hand另一方面，符合语境。in a word总之；at present现在；on the one hand一方面。
29.A.blocks B.accents
C.families D.changes
答案 C
解析 由后面的内容可知，语言有几大语系(family)。“For example，most of the languages of are in one large family the Indo-European language family.”也是提示。block块；accent口音；change变化。
30.A.Europe B.Asia
C.Africa D.America
答案 A
解析 由后面的“Indo-European language family”可知，欧洲的大多数语言都属于一个大的语系——印欧语系。
31.A.called B.spoken
C.calling D.speaking
答案 A
解析 过去分词called作定语，表示“被称作”。
32.A.before B.ago
C.later D.old
答案 B
解析 由前面的was spoken可知，此处应该用与一般过去时连用的ago。before用于完成时的句子中。
33.A.times B.families
C.forms D.members
答案 C
解析 现在印度与欧洲的许多语言实际上就是4 500年以前的语言的现代形式(form)。
34.A.always B.seldom
C.often D.sometimes
答案 A
解析 由下文可知，语言一直都在发展变化。always与现在进行时态连用表示“总是”。
35.A.about B.with C.in D.from
答案 D
解析 be different from与……不同，为固定短语。
36.A.die out B.die away
C.die down D.die off
答案 A
解析 随着时间的推移有些语言甚至完全消失了。die out灭绝，消失，符合语境。die away逐渐模糊，逐渐减弱；die down逐渐变弱，暗淡；die off相继死去。
37.A.Spanish B.English
C.Chinese D.Russian
答案 B
解析 一千年前的英语还与欧洲边界地区人们讲的德语有关。
38.A.called B.commented
C.spoken D.named
答案 C
解析 表示“讲(某种语言)”用speak，此处用过去分词作定语表示被动。
39.A.a great deal of B.a few
C.a little D.a number of
答案 D
解析 如果讲某种语言的人多或某种语言很古老，那么不同地区人们说话的方式就有差别。A、C两项只修饰不可数名词；a few表示“几个”，意义不符。
40.A.speakers B.differences
C.identity D.changes
答案 B
解析 由上文可知，此处指人们说话方式的不同(difference)。
41.A.dialects B.spellings
C.usages D.expressions
答案 A
解析 根据后一句中的dialect differences可知，一种语言可能有几种方言。dialect方言，符合语境。
42.A.mustn’t B.may not
C.won’t D.can’t
答案 D
解析 汉语方言的差别如此之大，以至于来自不同地区的人都无法相互沟通。此处表示“不会，不能”，故用can’t。
Ⅳ.语法填空
Believe it 43. not，I used to live in the same apartment with Mo Yan，who requested that the 12-year education 44. (be) shortened to 10 years at the Two Sessions(两会).
He is also a famous Chinese writer who won the Nobel Prize in literature for his novel Frog.He has many other famous works，such 45. Red Sorghum (《红高粱》) and The Republic of Wine (《酒国》) which 46. (recognize) to be the most imaginative Chinese novel.
As far as I know，he often makes use of his spare time 47. (talk) with the native people and sets down what he has heard.48. (actual)，he visits the native people so frequently that he knows them very well.So，it is natural that the novels written by him 49. (base) on real life.Most importantly，the way he expresses his feelings and ideas is different from other novelists(小说家).
As one of the most important 50. (writer) in China，his works are read by a great number of readers and play 51. very important part in Chinese literature.That is 52. he works hard and practises writing frequently.
43.答案 or
解析 考查固定搭配。believe it or not信不信由你，是固定短语。
44.答案 (should) be
解析 考查虚拟语气。request请求，后接宾语从句时，从句谓语用“should do”形式，should可以省略。
45.答案 as
解析 考查固定搭配。such as例如，是固定短语。
46.答案 is recognized
解析 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。全文整体时态是一般现在时，故该处用一般现在时，主语The Republic of Wine与recognize之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，故该处用一般现在时的被动语态，填is recognized。
47.答案 to talk
解析 考查非谓语动词。make use of time to do sth.利用时间做某事。
48.答案 Actually
解析 考查副词。在句中作状语修饰全句，应用副词。actually事实上。
49.答案 are based
解析 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。本句主语是novels，故谓语用复数形式；由语境可知应用一般现在时。be based on以……为基础。
50.答案 writers
解析 考查名词的单复数。设空前是one of the most important “最重要的……之一”，故该空用名词的复数形式。
51.答案 a
解析 考查冠词。play a very important part in在……中起非常重要的作用。
52.答案 because
解析 考查名词性从句的连接词。该句前面提到的“在中国文学中起非常重要的作用”是“努力并经常练习写作”的结果，故该空填because。That is because...那是因为……。
As British accent makes a speaker sound like a lady or a gentleman，so many people want to learn how to talk like the British.
If you want to talk like the British，say “Cheers”rather than “Thanks” in informal(非正式的) conversations.Before I came to the UK，I only knew the meaning of “cheer” as “to make someone happy or excited” as in the phrase “cheer up”.After I came to the UK，I noticed that they used “Cheers” much more often than “Thanks”.For example，in the UK，when people get off the bus，they would say “Cheers” with a strong British accent to thank the driver.Besides，my British roommate also said “Cheers” to me when she asked me to pass something to her while we were cooking together.“Cheers” is frequently used by the British people in daily informal conversations for small favors，such as opening doors for you or lending you a pen.It is not as formal as “Thanks” or “Thank you”， but is used rather frequently in daily conversations.
Chinese students were taught at school that when a customer(顾客) went to a store，shop assistants would ask “What can I do for you？” However，I never heard the exactly same expression when I was in the UK.No shop assistants would greet and follow customers around as in China.Only when customers asked for help or looked lost would shop assistants come up to them and ask “Are you all right？” It seemed like they were going to provide help，but customers would normally say “Yeah，thanks.” unless they really needed help.Interestingly，when I heard “Are you all right？” for the first time，I didn’t know how to answer it and even explained that I was just looking around and I didn’t need help.How embarrassing(令人尴尬的) it was!
根据短文判断正(T)、误(F)
1.In the UK，“Cheers” has the same meaning as “Thanks” or “Thank you”.(T)
2.When I was in the UK，shop assistants would greet me with “What can I do for you？”.(F)
Period One Starting out&Understanding ideas—Pre-reading
匹配左边的单词和右边的汉语意思
[第一组]
1.title A.举止，行为
2.confusing B.显示，反映
3.shameful C.题目；标题
4.behavior D.令人困惑的
5.reflect E.可耻的，丢脸的
答案 1.C 2.D 3.E 4.A 5.B
[第二组]
6.seasick A.看得见的，可见的
7.opposing B.晕船的
8.unique C.相反的，对立的
9.creativity D.独一无二的，独特的
10.visible E.创造性，创造力
答案 6.B 7.C 8.D 9.E 10.A
[第三组]
11.creative A.大写的
12.capitalized B.雕刻作品，雕像
13.alarm C.想家的
14.homesick D.创造(性)的
15.sculpture E.警报器，闹钟
答案 11.D 12.A 13.E 14.C 15.B
1.What’s the main idea of the passage?
A.English is very easy to learn.
B.What we should do to learn English well.
C.English is interesting and creative.
D.English is widely used all over the world.
答案 C
2.Find out the main idea of each part of the passage.
Para.1 A.The reason why English is so complex(复杂).
Paras.2－6 B.Some English words are hard to understand and English is a crazy
language to learn.
Paras.7－8 C.Examples of some pairs of words or phrases that are confusing in
meaning，usage or pronunciation.
答案 Para.1 B Paras.2－6 C Paras.7－8 A
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.The words “photo” and “homesick” which were mentioned are .
A.to show how English can be a crazy language to learn
B.to tell us the differences between their usages
C.to analyze the formation of the words
D.to share how to learn a crazy language
答案 A
2.How does the author develop the passage?
A.By providing examples.
B.By making comparisons.
C.By following the way of spelling.
D.By following the order of importance.
答案 A
3.Why does the author say “English was invented by people”？
A.Because the English words show everything around us.
B.Because the language helps us communicate with others.
C.Because the language proves how creative human being is.
D.Because the English words are unique in the world.
答案 C
4.The author’s purpose to write the passage is .
A.to share the difficulty in learning different English words well
B.to show how interesting and creative the language of English is
C.to instruct how to spell difficult English words correctly
D.to analyze the reason for inventing the language of English
答案 B
After reading the passage，please fill in the following blanks.
Do you have any difficulty 1.learning(learn) English better？Have you ever wondered why there is no ham 2.in your hamburger 3.and why you can’t find any egg in eggplant？Maybe this will get you 4.thinking(think) how English can be a crazy language to learn.We like to paint a 5.painting(paint)，and we are traveling in 6.the car but we take photos and travel on the bus.When we see the rain，we say “it 7.is raining(rain)” but no sunshining to use when seeing sunshine.The words are really 8.confusing(confuse).Such unique 9.madness(mad) can be seen almost everywhere because English 10.reflects(reflect) the creativity of the human race.
1.Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.
[句式分析] 本句是一个倒装句，正常的语序应该为“There is neither pine nor apple in pineapple.”当否定词或具有否定意义的词放在句首时，通常会引起句子的部分倒装。neither...nor...既不……也不……，连接两个并列成分。
[自主翻译] 菠萝里面既没有松树，也没有苹果。
2.You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down...
[句式分析] 本句为主从复合句。主句为You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language；in which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词language。
[自主翻译] 你一定也会对某种语言的独特的让人发狂的东西感到惊讶，在这种语言中，一所房子在被烧毁(burn down)时，有可能会烧尽(burn up)……
课时跟踪练1
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
English has surely become the global language.Whenever we turn on the news to find out what’s happening in East Asia，or Africa，or anywhere else，people are being interviewed and telling us about it in English.
If people look at the facts about the amazing reach of the English language，many would be surprised.English is used in over 90 countries as an official or semi-official language.English is the working language of many international institutes(研究所) as well as of most international research scientists.It is also the language that Indian parents and black parents wish their children to learn.It is believed that over one billion people worldwide are now learning English.
One of the most important causes of the spread of English around the world is that Europeans are willing to accept it as their language.English is spreading from northern Europe to the south and is now the second language in countries such as Sweden，Norway，Netherlands and Denmark.If one visits any of them，it would seem that almost everyone there can talk in English.
Recently，a report said that at the beginning of 2001，English was the most widely known foreign language with 43% of Europeans saying they spoke it.The report also said that with over 89% of the population speaking English，Sweden now has the highest percentage of English speakers.What’s more，English is the language rated as most useful to know，and over 77% of Europeans who do not speak English as their first language consider it useful.
1.By writing this passage，the writer mainly wants to tell us .
A.why so many people speak English around the world
B.that English has become a language spoken all over the world
C.about the development of English in Europe
D.something about the English-speaking countries
答案 B
解析 主旨大意题。根据本文的第一句“English has surely become the global language.”以及下文的具体描述可知，作者写这篇文章主要想告诉我们，英语已成为全世界通用的语言。
2.According to the passage，what has played an important role in spreading English around the world?
A.That governments have asked their people to learn it in school.
B.That English is the most beautiful language in the world.
C.That Europeans are willing to accept English as their language.
D.That people have to use English in their work.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“One of the most important causes of the spread of English around the world is that Europeans are willing to accept it as their language.”可知C正确。
3.What does the underlined word “rated” in the last paragraph mean?
A.Stood. B.Agreed.
C.Considered. D.Argued.
答案 C
解析 词义猜测题。根据语境以及最后一句中的“consider it useful”可知，rate在这里意为“认为；看作”。
4.What can we learn from the passage?
A.Black parents don’t want their children to learn English.
B.English is used in over 90 countries as an official language.
C.Not all international research scientists speak English at work.
D.English has become the most important language in Sweden.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“English is the working language...as well as of most international research scientists.”可知，并不是所有的国际科研人员工作时都使用英语。
B
Some people learn a second language easily.Others have trouble learning a new language.How can you help yourself learn a new language，such as English? There are several ways to make learning English a little easier and more interesting.
The first step is to feel positive about learning English.If you believe that you can learn，you will learn.Be patient.You do not have to understand everything all at once.It is natural to make mistakes when you learn something new.We can learn from our mistakes.In other words，do not worry about taking risks(风险).
The second step is to practice your English.For example，keep a diary every day.You will get used to writing it in English，and you will feel comfortable expressing your ideas in English.Several weeks later，you will see that your writing is improving.In addition，you must speak English every day.You can practice with your classmates outside class.You will make mistakes，but gradually you will become comfortable communicating in English.
The third step is to keep a record of your language learning.You can write this in your journal.After each class，think about what you did.Did you answer a question correctly? Did you understand something the teacher explained？Perhaps the lesson was difficult，but you tried to understand it.
You must be positive about learning English and believe that you can do it.It is important to practice every day and make a record of your achievements.You will enjoy learning English，and you will feel more confident in yourself.
5.To feel positive about learning English means “ ”.
A.if you are patient，you will learn
B.if you believe you can learn，you will learn
C.if you keep a record，you can improve
D.if you make mistakes，you can learn from your mistakes
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段前两句“The first step is to feel positive about learning English.If you believe that you can learn，you will learn.”可知，B项为正确答案。
6.According to the passage，what is NOT helpful for you to enjoy learning English?
A.To communicate in English.
B.To worry about taking risks.
C.To make a record of the achievements.
D.To think about what has been done after each class.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We can learn from our mistakes.In other words，do not worry about taking risks(风险).”可知答案。
7.What does the underlined word “journal” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A.Diary. B.Composition.
C.Magazine. D.Newspaper.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的上一句“The third step is to keep a record of your language learning.”及第三段中的“keep a diary every day”可知，此处句意为：你可以把这些写在你的日记里。故选A。
8.What is the main idea of this passage?
A.It is very important to learn a second language.
B.Some people learn a second language easily while others do not.
C.Don’t worry about making mistakes when learning a second language.
D.Advice for people who learn English.
答案 D
解析 主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“There are several ways to make learning English a little easier and more interesting.”以及下文的介绍可知，本文是关于学习英语的建议。故选D。
C
If you want to become a fluent English speaker you should take some advice.There are four skills in learning English.They are reading，listening，speaking and writing.The most important thing you must remember is that if you want to improve your speaking and writing skills you should first master the skills of reading and listening.
Read as much as you can.But your reading must be active.It means that you must think about the meaning of the sentence，the meaning of the unfamiliar words，etc.There is no need for you to pay much attention to grammars or try to understand all the unfamiliar words you come across，but the fact that you see them for the first time and recognize them whenever you see them，for example in other passages or books，is enough.It would be better to prepare yourself a notebook so you can write down the important words or sentences in it.
As for listening，there are two choices：besides reading，you can listen every day for about 30 minutes.You can only pay attention to your reading and become skillful at your reading，then you can catch up on your listening.Since you have lots of inputs in your mind，you can easily guess what the speaker is going to say.This never means that you should not practice listening.
For listening you can listen to cartoons or some movies that are specially made for children.Their languages are easy.Or if you are good at listening you can listen to VOA or BBC programs every day.Again the thing to remember is being active in listening and preferably taking some notes.
If you follow these pieces of advice，your speaking and writing will improve automatically，and you can be sure that with a little effort they will become perfect.
语篇解读 如果你想学好英语，应该掌握其四种技能：听、说、读、写。读与听是学好英语的关键。
9.According to the author，which should you improve first among the four skills?
A.Reading and listening.
B.Reading and writing.
C.Writing and speaking.
D.Speaking and listening.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，作者认为要想提高说和写的能力，首先要掌握读和听的技能。
10.To improve your reading，when you read you should .
A.look up all the new words in the dictionary
B.think about what you are reading actively
C.spend more time studying grammar
D.copy as many words and sentences as possible
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句“But your reading must be active.It means that you must think about the meaning...”可知，我们要积极地思考我们所阅读的内容，故B正确。
11.The underlined phrase “come across” in Paragraph 2 can probably be replaced by “ ”.
A.meet by accident B.discover
C.find on purpose D.look for
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。此处是告诉读者没有必要去理解遇到的所有的不熟悉的单词，由此推知come across指“偶然遇到”。
12.The author seems to agree with the view that .
A.everyone should listen to VOA or BBC programs every day
B.you needn’t practice listening if you keep on reading every day
C.being good at reading is helpful in improving your listening
D.you should take notes of whatever you are hearing
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。由第三段第二句可知，作者认为多阅读有助于提高听力。
Ⅱ.七选五
It is necessary but difficult for English beginners to memorize new words，and long lists of words seem to make the task impossible.They are puzzled why they try to memorize words with great efforts but forget them easily.That’s why there are often inquiries(询问) about how to memorize new words. 13 Here are some tips to help.
14 We too often separate the process of new words memorization(记忆) from pronunciation.In fact these two can be combined(结合) and each will enhance(提高) the other.Saying the word to ourselves helps activate hearing memory，which helps the memory. 15 The more familiar (熟悉) we are with the word，the greater chance we will have to keep it for the rest of our life.
Never memorize single English words. 16 Relate the word to terms we already know，either as synonym(同义词) or antonym(反义词).For example，the word “gargantuan” is similar in meaning to words “gigantic”，“huge” and “large”.Make an order of words：“small，medium，large，gigantic，and gargantuan”.
Create a mental image of the word that involves strong emotions.Think “The gargantuan whale is going to swallow me whole”.
Learning English words requires action.Complaining(抱怨) how difficult it is to memorize new words will be of little help. 17 Have a try with ten words a day and you will see what a difference you will make in our English learning.
A.So take action right now.
B.Speak the word while memorizing it.
C.Memorizing new words is very important.
D.Actually，some have given up learning new words.
E.In fact，learning new words needn’t be that difficult.
F.Make as many associations and connections as possible.
G.The sound of word helps us recall the spelling and familiarizes us with the word.
语篇解读 对于一个英语初学者来说，记忆新单词是很难的，本文就怎么样更好地记单词提出了几点建议。
13.答案 E
解析 空前的意思是：那就是为什么经常有人询问怎样记忆新单词。空后的意思是：这儿是一些有用的建议。E项“事实上学习新单词没有那么难”与上下文衔接。
14.答案 B
解析 空处是本段的主题句，根据本段内容可知，语音与记忆相结合可相互促进，故B项“在记忆的时候说出这个单词”适合作本段主题句。符合上下文。
15.答案 G
解析 空前的意思是：说出单词有助于活跃听力记忆，从而增强记忆。空后的意思是：我们对单词越熟悉，记一辈子的可能性就越大。G项“单词的发音可以帮助我们回忆单词的拼写和熟悉单词”符合语境。
16.答案 F
解析 空前的意思是：永远不要记忆单个的单词。空后的意思是：将单词和已知词相联系，或者同义词，或者反义词。F项“尽可能多地去联想和联系”与上下文衔接。
17.答案 A
解析 空前的意思是：抱怨记忆单词有多难一点儿帮助都没有。空后的意思是：试着一天记忆十个单词，你将会在学习英语上取得很大的进步。A项“现在就行动”与上下文衔接。
Period Three Using language & Developing ideas
Ⅰ.写出下列单词的汉语意思(共10小题；每题2分，满分20分)
1.type n.类型，种类
2.contact v.联系，联络
3.apartment n.一套住房，公寓套房
4.context n.上下文，语境
5.addition n.增加物，添加物
6.resource n.资料，(教学)资源
7.misadventure n.事故，灾难
8.exit n.出口
9.negative adj.消极的，负面的
10.base v.以……为基础
Ⅱ.写出下列汉语对应的英语单词(共10小题；每题2分，满分20分)
11.likely adj.可能的，可能发生的
12.remind v.提醒，使……想起
13.comment n.评论
14.actually adv.事实上，实际上
15.informal adj.(书写或言谈)非正式的
16.unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的，不了解的→familiar adj.熟悉的
17.organization n.组织，团体，机构→organize v.组织；安排；规划
18.entrance n.大门(口)，入口(处)→enter v.进入；参加；登记
19.intend v.计划，打算→intention n.计划，打算
20.recognise v.认识，辨认出→recognition n.认识；识别；承认
Ⅲ.写出下列短语或短语对应的汉语意思(共10小题；每题2分，满分20分)
21.come across偶然发现
22.be used as被用作……
23.be made up of由……组成
24.be short for是……的缩写
25.as soon as possible尽可能早的，尽快
26.at sixes and sevens乱七八糟的，混乱的
27.have a frog in one’s throat(尤因喉咙痛)说话困难
28.at the entrance在入口处
29.be based on以……为基础
30.be aware of意识到；察觉到
Ⅳ.完成句子(共5小题；每题8分，满分40分)
31.It is impossible to know the meaning of every word but knowing about word formation can help us guess the meaning of words.
知道每个单词的意思是不可能的，但是了解构词法可以帮助我们猜测单词的意思。
32.Although it seems confusing，usually the Americans and the British can understand each other according to the context.
虽然这似乎令人费解，但通常美国人和英国人根据上下文可以相互明白。
33.Not only can you post specific questions but you can also broaden your knowledge by reading posts from other English learners around the world.
你不但可以就特定的问题发帖，也可通过阅读来自全世界其他英语学习者的帖子来拓展自己的知识。
34.Here are some of our favourites，to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world!
这些是我们最喜欢的帖子，用以提醒我们在课堂上学的一些英语和外面世界的英语大不相同！
35.When I was about to leave，I saw that shoes were actually sold on the ground floor，not the first floor.
当我正要离开的时候，我看到卖鞋子的区域实际上是在底楼，而不是一楼。
Ⅰ.Tell whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F).
1.Maggie couldn’t teach that day because she had eaten a big frog.(F)
2.Yancy was confused about what the lady had told her.(T)
3.Julien disliked his pen friend’s grandfather because he was really wicked.(F)
4.Zheng Xu was not satisfied(满意的) with his teacher’s comment.(T)
Ⅱ.Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.The passage is mainly about .
A.an exciting adventure in English learning
B.some strange English words difficult to learn
C.the differences between what we learn in class and in life
D.some funny posts about what we should learn in class
答案 C
2.What does Alba think of the British attitude towards their food?
A.Doubtful. B.Supportive.
C.Helpless. D.Hopeful.
答案 A
3.In fact，Julien found his pen friend’s grandfather .
A.wicked B.confused
C.negative D.nice
答案 D
4.What do we learn about Zheng Xu’s English paper?
A.Zheng Xu felt disappointed about his paper.
B.Zheng Xu didn’t get a good grade on it.
C.The teacher thought the paper wrote well.
D.The teacher didn’t think Zheng Xu was a bad student.
答案 C
When you open a dictionary，you often come across a lot of unfamiliar words.当你打开一本词典，你经常会遇到很多不熟悉的单词。
?come across偶然发现；偶然遇到；邂逅；走过(＝run across/meet by chance)
come about发生；产生
come on快点；加油；出场；进展
come out出现；开花；发行；结果是
come up ?问题、计划等?被提出；升起；长出地面
come up with提出；想出；赶上
[一词多义] 写出下列句子中come across的含义
(1)When you come across new words，it is not a good idea to look them up in a dictionary at once.偶然遇到
(2)He came across that floor waving his arms like a young bird attempting its first flight.走过，穿过
[完成句子]
(3)From the book，I have learned that whenever we come across difficulties，we should never give in or run away.
从这本书中我得知，无论什么时候我们遇到困难，我们都不应该屈服或逃避。
Here are some of our favourites，to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world！这些是我们最喜欢的帖子，用以提醒我们在课堂上学的一些英语和外面世界中的英语大不相同！
?remind v.提醒；使想起
※remind sb.of sth./sb.使某人想起某事/某人
remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事
remind (sb.) that/how/what从句 提醒(某人)……
※reminder n.提醒物，提示
(1)The sculptures remind us of the horrors of war and how precious peace is.
这些雕像让我们想起战争的恐怖以及和平的珍贵。
(2)It can do things such as reminding an elderly family member to take(take) medicine or taking family photos.
它可以做提醒年老的家庭成员服药以及拍家庭合照之类的事情。
(3)She wants to remind us that we should protect the environment by showing us the beauty of nature.
她想通过展示自然之美来提醒我们应该保护环境。
When I got the paper back，I found my teacher had written the comment “Not bad！”当论文发下来后，我发现老师写了这样一个评语“Not bad！”
?comment n.评论；议论vi.& vt.表达意见，作出评论
※comment on/upon sth.对……发表评论
comment that...评论……
※make comments on/about对……加以评论
no comment无可奉告
(1)I don’t feel I can comment on/upon their behaviours.
我觉得我无法对他们的行为作出评论。
(2)He commented that it was an excellent film.他评论这部电影很精彩。
[一句多译]
老师经常谈论那个男孩的不同之处。
(3)The teacher often comments on/upon how different the two boys are.
(4)The teacher often makes comments on/about how different the two boys are.
morally wrong and intending to hurt people；?informal? very good，fantastic道义上是错的而且有伤害人的打算；?非正式用语?很好，精彩
?intend v.计划；打算
※intend doing/to do sth.打算/想要做某事
intend sb.to do sth.计划让某人做某事
be intended for/to do...预定……用途；旨在……，为……打算的
本打算做……(但实际未做)
※intention n.意图；目的；打算
(1)Kids won’t learn right from wrong if parents don’t intend to punish.
如果家长不打算实施惩罚，孩子将会不明是非。
(2)Actually，she didn’t intend to come(come) to Germany to work.
实际上，她没打算来德国工作。
(3)The school being built at present is said to be intended for the disabled children.
目前正在建设中的那所学校据说是为残障儿童建的。
[同义句转换]
(4)They had intended to go into the country for the day，but were put off by reports of traffic jams.
→They intended to have gone into the country for the day，but were put off by reports of traffic jams.
write a story based on given pictures根据所给的图画写一篇故事
?base vt.以……为根据 n.基部；基地；基础
※base...on/upon...把……建立在……的基础上
be based on/upon...以……为基础
※basis n.基础，根据
on the basis of根据；在……的基础上
※basic adj.基本的；基础的
(1)It is said that the film is based on/upon a novel by a young writer.
据说，这部电影是以一个年轻作家的小说为基础改编的。
(2)What are you basing this theory on/upon?
你的这个理论建立在什么基础之上？
(3)Schools have rights to set down their own rules based(base) on the general conditions of the students.
学校有权利根据学生的实际情况制定自己的校规校纪。
(4)On the basis of those facts，we can reach the final conclusion.
根据那些事实，我们可以得出最终结论。
be aware of cultural differences要意识到文化的差异
?be aware of意识到；察觉到
※be aware that...意识到……；体会到……
※awareness n.意识；认识；明白，知道
raise one’s awareness of...提高某人的……意识
develop an awareness of...逐渐懂得……
(1)People around the world should be aware of the real situation of water shortage.
全世界人民都应该意识到水资源短缺的真实情况。
(2)If she had been aware that the mushrooms were poisonous，she wouldn’t have picked them for dinner.
要是知道这些蘑菇有毒，她就不会采来做晚餐了。
(3)Smokers are well aware of the dangers of smoking to their own health.
吸烟的人都清楚地知道吸烟对自身健康的危害。
(4)It is important that students develop an awareness(aware) of how the Internet can be used.
重要的是学生应该形成如何正确使用互联网的意识。
Not only can you post specific questions，but you can also broaden your knowledge by reading posts from other English learners around the world.你不但可以就特定的问题发帖，也可以通过阅读来自全世界其他英语学习者的帖子来拓展自己的知识。
※not only...but also...用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，意为“不仅……而且……”；其中的also有时可以省略。
※not only...but also...连接两个句子，且not only位于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装。
※not only...but also...连接的两个成分作主语时，其谓语动词在人称和数上通常与后面的主语保持一致，即遵循就近原则。
(1)The British and the Americans not only speak the same language but (also) share a large number of social customs.
英国人和美国人不但语言相同，而且有很多相同的社会习俗。
(2)Not only the students but also the teacher is(be) against the plan.
不但学生们反对这个计划，老师也反对。
(3)Not only does the sun give us light，but also it gives us heat.
太阳不仅给我们提供光，也提供热。
[句型转换]
(4)By doing so，I can not only share good ideas with others but also learn to express myself clearly.
→By doing so，not only can I share good ideas with others but also I can learn to express myself clearly.(倒装)
(5)He speaks Spanish as well as English and French.
→He speaks not only English and French but also Spanish.
When I was about to leave，I saw that shoes were actually sold on the ground floor，not the first floor.当我正要离开的时候，我发现卖鞋子的区域实际上是在底楼，而不是一楼。
be about to do sth.意为“刚要做某事；正要做某事”，表示即将发生的动作，不与具体时间连用。
be about to do sth.when...正要做某事这时……
与之意思相近的还有：
be on the point of doing sth.when...正要做……这时……
(1)You’d better fasten your seat belt.The plane is about to take off.
你最好系好安全带，飞机马上要起飞了。
(2)We were about to set(set) out when it began to rain.
＝We were on the point of setting(set) out when it began to rain.
我们正要出发，这时天开始下雨。
[温馨提示] 句中的when是并列连词，意为“就在这(那)时”。相当于and then或and at the same time。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.It is very easy to find a book intended(intend) for children.
2.He reminded me to turn(turn) off the lights when I went out.
3.Every student needs to be aware of the difficulties and challenges they are faced with.
4.You will be able to choose a room based(base) on your own personal tastes.
5.I came across an old classmate in Oxford Street this morning.
6.Not only you but also Lucy is(be) present at the party now.
7.He was on the point of giving up hope when he was spotted by a ship passing by.
8.Many countries made comments on/about the failed satellite launch.
Ⅱ.完成句子
9.You must be aware that this rule doesn’t apply to every case.
你必须明白这项规则不是所有情况都适用。
10.I was about to close the door when the phone rang.
我正准备去关门，这时电话响了。
11.Have you got any comments to make on the cause of the disaster?
你对这次灾难发生的原因有何评论要发表？
12.Not only did he get more knowledge，but he also met his present wife during the travel.
他不仅获得了更多的知识，而且在旅途中遇见了现在的妻子。
13.The old photos reminded me of the days I spent in the countryside.
这些老照片使我想起了我在农村度过的那些日子。
Ⅲ.课文缩写——概要写作
1.他们提醒我们在课堂上学的一些英语和外面世界的英语大不相同。
2.人们总是说英国人在他们吃的东西上从不冒险。
3.一位女士说鞋区在一楼而实际上是在底楼。
4.他发现老师写了这样一个评语“Not bad！”
连句成篇——根据提示用本单元所学知识补全短文。
Here are four funny or strange stories about using English.14.They remind us that the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world.15.People say that the British always play safe with what they eat.Maggie had a frog in her throat and Alba thought it meant that Maggie tried to eat a big frog.When Yancy visited New York,16.a lady said the shoe section was on the first floor but actually it was on the ground floor.Julien did not know why his friend used “wicked”to describe his nice grandfather.Zheng Xu worked really hard on his English paper，but 17.he found his teacher had written the comment “Not bad！”
课时跟踪练3
基础巩固
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.You can take the subway(地铁) No.1 to get to Tiananmen Square.
2.With the weather getting colder and colder，more and more people are wearing warm boots(靴子).
3.As an exchange(交换) student，he had great trouble getting used to the food there.
4.Don’t let other people’s negative(消极的) attitude towards life disturb your own life.
5.The film The Wandering Earth has received lots of good comments(评论) since it was released.
6.Don’t hesitate to contact(联系) me if you need any more information.
7.Without a context(上下文)，I would have believed it was written by a man.
8.The weather of today is rather(相当) hot compared to this time last year.
9.The library is divided into different sections(部分) according to different themes(主题).
10.She reminded(提醒) him that they had met at a party before.
Ⅱ.选词填空
associate...with...，be different from，remind...of，look forward to，make comments on，be aware of，play safe with，have a frog in one’s throat，not only...but also，pick up
11.In our childhood，Grandma used to remind us of our table manners.
12.Old people often associate themselves with classical music.
13.Twenty men fell into the water and later were picked up by other boats.
14.Our English teacher asked for leave because she had a frog in her throat and couldn’t teach us a lesson.
15.His grandpa always played safe with his own business.
16.We must be aware of the importance of confidence.
17.The way he did it was different from what we were used to.
18.It is impolite to make comments on a person’s appearance.
19.Not only did he pass the exam，but also he won the first prize.
20.I am looking forward to visiting the art gallery(艺术馆).
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
21.He is likely to get(get) hurt because he always trusts others easily.
22.Five percent of the US population is made up of American Indians.
23.Never look down on/upon people who are inferior(地位较低的) to you.
24.Before graduation，students exchange presents with each other.
25.We put up a board to remind people to protect(protect) the trees.
26.As long as you have a dream，keep trying and you will make it.
27.The police refuse to comment on/upon whether anyone has been arrested(逮捕).
28.Not only her parents but also she is(be) coming to visit us next summer holiday.
能力提升
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
When I was 16 years old，I made my first visit to the United States.It wasn’t the first time I had been abroad.Like most English children，I learned French at school and I had often been to France，so I was used to speaking a foreign language to people who didn’t understand English.But when I went to America I was really looking forward to having a nice easy holiday without any language problems.
How wrong I was! The misunderstanding began at the airport.I was looking for a public telephone to give my friend Danny a ring and tell her that I had arrived.A friendly old man saw me looking like being lost and asked if he could help me.
“Yes，” I said.“I want to give my friend a ring.”
“Well，that’s nice，” he said.“Are you getting married? But aren’t you a bit young？”
“Who is talking about marriage？” I replied.“I just want to give my friend a ring to tell her I’ve arrived.Can you tell me where there’s a phone box？”
“Oh！” he said.“There’s a phone downstairs.”
When at last we did meet up，Danny explained the misunderstanding to me.
“Don’t worry，” she said to me.“I had many difficulties at first.There are lots of words which the Americans use differently in meaning from us British.You’ll soon get used to all the funny things they say.But most of the time British and American people can understand each other！”
语篇解读 作者在本文中讲述了自己第一次到美国时因为英式英语和美式英语的不同而导致的语言误解。
29.Where was the writer from?
A.He was from America.
B.He was from France.
C.He was from England.
D.He was from China.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句中的“Like most English children，I learned French at school and I had often been to France...”可知，作者来自英国。
30.The writer thought in America.
A.he wouldn’t have any language difficulties
B.he would not understand the Americans
C.the Americans might not understand him
D.he would have difficulties at the airport
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“But when I went to America I was really looking forward to having a nice easy holiday without any language problems.”可知，作者原以为在美国不会遇到语言麻烦。故选A。
31.The writer wanted .
A.to buy a ring for his friend
B.to make a call to his friend
C.to go to the telephone company
D.his friend to see him off
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“I was looking for a public telephone to give my friend Danny a ring and tell her that I had arrived.”及后文中的“Can you tell me where there’s a phone box？”可知，作者是想给朋友打电话。
32.From the passage we can see that “give somebody a ring” .
A.means the same in America as in England
B.means “call somebody” to the old man
C.means “be going to get married”
D.has different meanings in America and in England
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据文中那位美国老人和作者的对话可知，本题答案为D。
B
One Canada，Two Languages
Canada is one of the few nations in the world to have two official languages：English and French.There are 10 provinces in the country，but only one of these—Quebec is known as “French Canada”.This is because it was founded by French explorers while British adventurers discovered the rest.
Canada left the British Empire(帝国) in 1867 to become an independent country，and English and French have been recognized as the official languages ever since.
Most people speak English as their first language and the two national television networks broadcast in English throughout the country.Apart from in Quebec and a few places on the east coast，French television is very rare.
The same goes for traffic signs and menus，for example，outside of Quebec，there are only a few places where you’ll see traffic signs in French.In restaurants，it’s almost impossible to find French on the menu unless you are in the heartland(中心地带) of French Canada.However，all products sold in Canada must，by law，have labels(标签) and instructions in both languages.
In Canada’s English-speaking provinces，official bilingualism means that students can choose to complete a special French language course.Under this program，they are taught most of their subjects in French.
If a student begins the course in kindergarten(幼儿园) or Grade One，it is likely that all his lessons will be in French.However，if he starts at junior high school,25 percent of the teaching will continue to be in English.
33.Which country controlled Canada before its independence?
A.France. B.The British Empire.
C.America. D.Germany.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“Canada left the British Empire(帝国) in 1867 to become an independent country...”可知，选B项。
34.Where can you watch French television programs?
A.Only in Quebec.
B.In Quebec and a few other places.
C.From the two national television networks.
D.All over Canada.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Apart from in Quebec and a few places on the east coast，French television is very rare.”可知，除了魁北克和东部沿海少数几个地方外，其他地方很少有法语电视节目。
35.What does the underlined word “bilingualism” in the fifth paragraph mean?
A.外语教育 B.母语教育
C.双语教育 D.语言教育
答案 C
解析 词义猜测题。文章开篇点明加拿大是一个双语国家，英语和法语是官方语言。首先排除A项。然后仔细揣摩本段意思我们可以看出，在加拿大讲英语的省份，双语教育(bilingualism)意味着学生可以选择一门专门用法语授课的课程，显然C项正确。
36.What do we know about the education in Canada’s English-speaking provinces?
A.Only English courses are offered.
B.If you choose a special French language course in kindergarten，all of the lessons will be taught in French.
C.The courses in primary schools are all taught in English.
D.Most of the courses in junior high schools are taught in English.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据最后两段内容可知选B。
Ⅴ.七选五
What are magic words？Words like “thank you” “please” and “sorry” can work wonders in our daily life. 37 People with good manners always communicate with others well by using these magic words.
What should you do when you receive a gift for your birthday？ 38 The words “thank you” are very important and used very often.We say them when someone hands us a letter，passes us a book，offers us a drink，or lends us an umbrella.
39 It is not polite to ask someone for help without saying “please”.We are supposed to use it when we ask for something，too.It may be a book，a pen，or more milk.It may be in the classroom，at home or at the bus stop.We can use “please” to make a request pleasant.
We should learn to say “sorry”，too.If we have hurt someone’s feeling，we will have to say “sorry”. 40 Sometimes we have forgotten something or broken a promise，so we need to explain with the word as a beginning.“Sorry” is such a word that can make people forget wrongs.
Why are these words magic？They can move people to tears.Also they may give you warmth and strength.They even can encourage people to lead a more meaningful life.In some certain situations，a “sorry” will prevent a fight or a war.
41 Man said them long ago.We use them now.So will our kids.
A.You’d better sit down and write a thank-you note.
B.When we have told a lie and regretted it，the same word should be used.
C.“Please” is another important word，but many people forget to use it.
D.You can make good friends with them.
E.These polite expressions are used every day—among strangers，friends and families.
F.“Excuse me” is another important expression.
G.“Thank you！Please！Sorry！”—these words are simple but useful.
语篇解读 本文是说明文。你知道有些词汇是有魔力的吗？像“谢谢你”“请”“对不起”这样的词汇就是有魔力的。多使用这样的词汇，会让我们的生活有意想不到的变化。
37.答案 E
解析 前面一句提到，在我们的日常生活中，像“谢谢你”“请”“对不起”这样的词汇是有魔力的。E项中的“这些礼貌用语”正是指代上文的三个词汇，前后连贯，符合语境。
38.答案 A
解析 后面一句提到，“谢谢你”这个词很重要而且经常使用。由此可见，空格处提到的内容与表达感谢有关，A项“你最好坐下来写封感谢信”符合语境。
39.答案 C
解析 第三段主要内容与使用礼貌用语“请”有关。C项“‘请’是另一个很重要的词，但是很多人忘记使用它”与此相对应，是承上启下的主题句。
40.答案 B
解析 前面一句提到，如果我们伤害了某个人的感情，我们要说“对不起”。B项“当我们说了谎并且后悔了的时候，也应该用这个词”紧承上文。
41.答案 G
解析 本段是对全文内容的总结，文章介绍了“谢谢你”“请”“对不起”这三个礼貌用语，最后总结说这些词汇很简单但很实用，故选G。
Period Two Starting out&Understanding ideas—Language Points
Ⅰ.写出下列单词的汉语意思(共10小题；每题2分，满分20分)
1.title n.题目，标题
2.pine n.松树
3.pineapple n.菠萝
4.ham n.火腿
5.eggplant n.茄子
6.sculpture n.雕刻作品；雕像
7.seasick adj.晕船的
8.airsick adj.晕机的
9.homesick adj.想家的
10.capitalized adj.大写的
Ⅱ.写出下列汉语对应的英语单词(共8小题；每题2.5分，满分20分)
11.opposing adj.相反的；对立的
12.behavior n.举止；行为→behave v.行为；表现
13.confusing adj.令人困惑的→confuse v.使困惑
14.unique adj.独一无二的，独特的
15.alarm n.警报器；闹钟
16.reflect vt.显示；反映→reflection n.反映；反射
17.creativity n.创造性；创造力→creative adj.创造(性)的→create v.创造
18.visible adj.看得见的；可见的→invisible adj.看不见的
Ⅲ.写出下列短语或短语对应的汉语意思(共10小题；每题2分，满分20分)
19. burn up烧毁；烧尽
20. burn down(建筑物)(被)烧毁
21.wind up摇动(把手等)；使(活动、会议等)结束
22.take a photo/photos拍照
23.speaking of说起；谈起
24.the opposite of ……的反义词
25.look out of向外看
26.wonder at对……感到惊讶
27.fill in填写；填补
28.fill out填写(表格等)；充实
Ⅳ.完成句子(共5小题；每题8分，满分40分)
29.Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English?
你自己是否也考虑过人们学英语为什么这么费劲？
30.I hadn’t，until one day my five-year-old son asked me whether there was ham in a hamburger.
我没有过，直到有一天我五岁的儿子问我汉堡包里有没有火腿。
31.Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.
菠萝里面既没有松树，也没有苹果。
32.You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down...
你一定也会对某种语言中的独特的让人发狂的东西感到惊讶，在这种语言中，一所房子在被烧毁(burn down)时， 有可能会烧尽(burn up)……
33.And that is why when I wind up my watch，it starts，but when I wind up this passage，it ends.
那就是当我给手表上紧发条的时候，它开始走动，但是当我把这篇文章结尾的时候，它就结束了的原因。
If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions，why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same？如果无害的行为和有害的行为相反的话，为什么无耻的行为和可耻的行为是相同的呢？
?behavior n.行为；举止；习性
※good/bad behavior良好/不良行为
※behave v.行为；表现
behave well/badly to/towards sb.对待某人好/差
behave oneself守规矩；表现得体
※well-behaved adj.表现好的
badly-behaved adj.表现差的
(1)The little boy’s good behavior gave us a good impression.
那个小男孩的良好行为给我们留下了好印象。
(2)Behave yourself(you) in public and you will win the respect of most people.
在公众场合举止得体才能赢得大多数人的尊重。
(3)The young man behaved badly，which made his girlfriend angry.
这个年轻人表现很差，这使他女朋友很生气。
You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down...你一定也会对某种语言的独特的让人发狂的东西感到惊讶，在这种语言中，一所房子在被烧毁?burn down?时，有可能会烧尽?burn up?……
?burn up(被)烧毁；烧尽；火烧旺，火势加大；消耗(能量)
[一词多义] 写出下列句子中burn up的汉语意思
(1)Usually the satellites burn up about 100 km above the earth.(被)烧毁
(2)You know how much energy you will burn up during the relay race？消耗(能量)
(3)Mum put more wood on the fire to make it burn up and the room became warm gradually.火烧旺
burn down?建筑物??被?烧毁；?火势?减弱
burn to the ground烧毁；夷为平地
burn out烧坏；熄灭，燃尽，耗尽体力，累垮
(4)If you forget to turn off the iron when you go away，you may burn down/up the house.
如果你走开时忘了关掉熨斗，那么你有可能烧毁房子。
(5)If you do not slow down and take a break，you will burn out very quickly.
如果你不放慢速度歇一会儿，很快就会累垮的。
(6)Many of the wooden houses in the village were burned to the ground in the big fire.
村庄里的许多木房子在这次大火中被烧毁了。
English was invented by people，not computers，and it reflects the creativity of the human race.英语是人发明的，而不是电脑，它反映的是人类的创造性。
?reflect vt.& vi.显示，反映；映射，反射；仔细思考
※reflect on/upon sth.仔细思考某事
reflect sb./sth.in sth.(镜子等)映出某人/某物
※reflection n.映像；反映；思考；反映
(1)When the time came to make the final decision for a course，I decided to apply for the one that reflected my interest.
在最后对课程作出选择的时候，我决定去申请一门能体现出我的兴趣的课程。
(2)Human beings should reflect on/upon their position in the universe.
人类应该思考一下自己在宇宙中的位置。
(3)Your clothes are often a reflection(reflect) of your personality.穿着往往反映一个人的个性。
(4)I am writing this letter to reflect some problems I’ve come across recently.
我写这封信是为了反映我最近遇到的一些问题。
[巧学助记]
The boy reflected on why the ground could reflect sunlight and water could reflect the mountains.这个男孩仔细思考为什么地面能反射阳光，水能映出群山。
?creativity n.创造性；创造力
※create v.创造；创作；创立
※creation n.创造；创造物；创作，产物
※creative adj.创造性的，有创造力的；有创意的
※creator n.创作人；创作者；创始人
(5)American art reached a peak of creativity in the 50s and 60s.
美国艺术在五六十年代达到了一次创作顶峰。
(6)It was with faithfulness that we created(create) a harmonious atmosphere.
正是因为真诚，我们才创造了一个和谐的氛围。
(7)She’s very creative(create)—she writes poetry and paints.她极富创造力，既赋诗又作画。
(8)Language is the most important mental creation(create) of man.
语言是人类最重要的智慧产物。
(9)Jobs was without doubt one of the creators(create) of the Apple Inc.
毫无疑问，乔布斯是苹果公司的创始人之一。
And that is why when I wind up my watch，it starts，but when I wind up this passage，it ends.那就是当我给手表上紧发条的时候，它开始走动，但是当我把这篇文章结尾的时候，它就结束了的原因。
?wind up摇动(把手等)；使(活动、会议等)结束；关闭(公司)；以……告终
wind down ?发条等?转松；?钟表等?慢下来；?把工作等?逐渐减少
wind back ?把胶卷等?卷回
wind off ?把卷成物等?解开
wind one’s way蜿蜒前进
[温馨提示] 此处wind为动词，其过去式和过去分词是wound，wound。
(1)The Bank of England seems determined to wind up the company.
英格兰银行似乎决心要关闭这家公司。
(2)After graduating from college two years ago，she wound(wind) up as a teacher.
两年前大学毕业后，她最终当了一名教师。
(3)The moment he returned from America，he wound the business down to a size which became manageable.他一从美国回来，就把生意逐步缩小到容易管理的规模。
(4)The Great Wall winds its way from east to west for about 6,000 kilometres.
长城从东向西蜿蜒六千多公里。
Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English？你自己是否也考虑过人们学英语为什么这么费劲？
have trouble (in) doing sth.意为“做某事有困难/费力”。其中trouble为不可数名词，前面可用some，any，no，little等词来修饰。表示“做某事有困难”的其他常见结构还有：
have difficulty/problems with sth.
have difficulty/problems (in) doing sth.
have a hard time (in) doing sth.
There’s difficulty/trouble
(1)—Did you have trouble finding Ann’s house?
—Not really.She had given us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.
——你们找到安的家费劲吗？
——没有很费劲。她给了我们清晰的指引，我们很容易就找到了。
(2)For him，there is no difficulty answering(answer) such an easy question.
对于他来说，回答这样一个简单的问题毫不费力。
(3)I had a hard time climbing(climb) up the horse while he was riding happily.
我费了很大劲儿才上马，而他却在开心地骑着。
[温馨提示] 在语法填空中，常将have trouble doing sth.句式中的trouble提前作先行词，因此定语从句中have后常为doing形式。试比较：
You can’t imagine what great difficulty we have ever had finding the right person.(√)
You can’t imagine what great difficulty we have ever had found the right person.(×)
你想象不到我们费了多大的劲儿才找到恰当的人选。
Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.菠萝里面既没有松树，也没有苹果。
neither...nor...意为“既不……也不……”。本句为倒装句式，否定词neither置于句首，句子要用部分倒装，即把助动词、情态动词或be动词提到主语之前。常用的否定副词和短语还有：never，no，not，seldom，hardly，nor，at no time，by no means?决不?，in no case?决不?，not until，not only等。
(1)Neither has he done it，nor will he do it.
他没有做过这事，以后也不会做这事。
(2)By no means will we give up our dreams.We will be able to get over all kinds of challenges if we stick to our dreams.
我们决不会放弃梦想。如果我们坚持梦想，我们就能够克服各种挑战。
(3)Nowhere was the lost car to be found.
哪里也找不到那辆丢失的汽车。
[句式升级]
(4)He not only attaches importance to reading，but also spares at least 20 minutes every day to read.(改为倒装句)
→Not only does he attach importance to reading，but also he spares at least 20 minutes every day to read.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.He was a little boy，but he behaved(behave) as though he were an adult.
2.Reading in the poor light will do harm to your eyes.
3.If you have questions or are confused(confuse) about anything，email me.
4.I thought this medicine would make me sleep，but it had the opposite(oppose) effect.
5.Usually a child’s behaviour is a reflection(reflect) of his family environment.
6.If you forget to turn off the gas when you are out，you might burn down the house.
7.Her creativity(create) is clearly shown in the design(设计) of the bridge across the river.
8.He went to work late because he forgot to wind up the alarm last night.
Ⅱ.完成句子
9.Don’t worry if you have any trouble/difficulty(in) learning/studying Chinese，and just take your time.
学汉语有困难时不要担心，慢慢来。
10.I haven’t been to New York before and neither/nor has Jane.
我以前没去过纽约，简也没去过。
11.He has made ten films，most of which are world-famous.
他拍了十部电影了，其中大多数都是世界闻名的。
12.He may not be able to help but there is no harm in asking him.
他可能帮不上忙，但是问他一下倒也无妨。
13.The young man was so embarrassed because he confused Austria and/with Australia.
这个年轻人很尴尬，因为他把奥地利和澳大利亚弄混了。
14.All the villagers attending the meeting are opposed to building a chemical plant near their village.
所有参会的村民都反对在他们村子附近建一座化工厂。
15.Students should be encouraged to develop good habits and behave themselves.
应当鼓励学生们养成良好的习惯，举止得体。
课时跟踪练2
基础巩固
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The opposing(对方的) team must in turn try to keep the ball in the air before hitting it back over the net.
2.The old man living next to my house has a large collection of stone sculptures(雕像) of figures and animals.
3.My teammate was frightened by her face that was reflected(映出) in the mirror.
4.They want to select a woman of unique(独特的) talent and determination.
5.He set two alarm(闹钟) clocks in case he got up late.
6.No cigarette is completely harmless(无害的)，so give up smoking.
7.Professor Jordan gave us a most confusing lecture yesterday and most of us were confused(感到困惑).
8.A good teacher，like a child in his soul，should have the creativity(创造性)，imagination，and exploration ability.
9.It is a shameless(无耻的) behavior to cheat a woman，an old woman in particular.
10.You’d better make a telephone call to your parents when you feel homesick(想家的).
Ⅱ.选词填空
11.Speaking of famous paintings，Mona Lisa left the best impression on me.
12.His parents looked out of the window，and found that it was snowing outside.
13.Before applying(申请) for a job，you must fill in an application form carefully.
14.We finally wound up staying in a little hotel a few miles from town last night.
15.Six months after Bud died，the house burned down.
16.Hearing that he got full marks in the exams，we all wondered at his intelligence.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
17.Your smoking can be harmful(harm) to the health of your children.
18.My sister gave me some money，with which I bought a dress.
19.There is a garden on the opposite(oppose) side of the street.
20.For children，behaving(behave) themselves should be praised frequently(经常).
21.You are not under any pressure of studying and neither am I.
22.It is confusing(confuse) that blind people also respond(作出反应) to the light.
23.To read without reflecting(reflect) is like eating without digesting(消化).
24.I was quite alarmed(alarm) last night at the cry of “fire”.
25.Jim didn’t listen to the teacher carefully in class，so he had difficulty doing(do) his homework on his own.
26.The sun started to rise，so the stars became invisible(visible) one by one.
能力提升
Ⅳ.阅读理解
Have you ever considered all the English expressions that include words about clothes? Let’s have a look.
People wear pants to cover the lower part of their bodies.We sometimes say that people who are nervous have ants in their pants.Sometimes，people may get caught with their pants down.They are found doing something they should not be doing.And，in every family，one person takes control.Sometimes a wife tells her husband what to do.Then we say she wears the pants in the family.
Pants usually have pockets to hold things.Money that is likely to be spent quickly can burn a hole in your pocket.Sometimes you need a belt to hold up your pants.If you have less money than usual，you may have to tighten your belt.
I always praise people who can save their money and not spend too much.I really take my hat off to them.Yet，when it comes to my own money，I spend it at the drop of a hat，which means I immediately spend it.
Boots are a heavy or strong kind of shoes.People who are too big for their boots think they are more important than they really are.I dislike such people.
My father is an important person.He runs a big company.He wears a suit and tie，and a shirt with sleeves that cover his arms.Some people who do not know him well think he is too serious and never shows his feelings openly.But I know that my father wears his heart on his sleeve.
27.Which of the following expressions can show someone is nervous?
A.Get caught with one’s pants down.
B.Have ants in one’s pants.
C.Wear the pants in the family.
D.Burn a hole in one’s pocket.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“We sometimes say that people who are nervous have ants in one’s pants.”可知，当一个人紧张不安时，我们会说“have ants in one’s pants”，故选B。
28.If we say someone has to tighten his belt，we probably mean he .
A.has done something wrong
B.used to live a rich life
C.has put on the wrong pants
D.is short of money
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“If you have less money than usual，you may have to tighten your belt.”可知，如果你的钱比平常少(缺钱，手头紧)，你可能不得不收紧你的腰带。故选D。
29.Someone who spends his money at the drop of a hat most probably .
A.doesn’t save money
B.earns much money
C.never wastes his money
D.spends more than he earns
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Yet，when it comes to my own money，I spend it at the drop of a hat，which means I immediately spend it.”可知，当作者花自己的钱的时候，会很快就花个精光。此处指“不节省钱”，故选A。
30.We can use the expression “wear one’s heart on one’s sleeve” to describe someone who .
A.gets angry easily
B.looks very serious
C.shows his feelings openly
D.often wears a suit and tie
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“Some people who do not know him well think he is too serious and never shows his feelings openly.But I know that my father wears his heart on his sleeve.”可知，有些不太了解作者的父亲的人认为他太严肃，从不坦率表达自己的感情。但作者知道自己的父亲“wears his heart on his sleeve” 。此处的转折词but，表示前后意思是相反的。由此可判断父亲不是一个严肃的人，而是一个坦率表达自己情感的人。故选C项。
Ⅴ.完形填空
English is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world.Learning English well is very important.Here are some 31 that can help you learn English well.
Do a lot of 32 .Listen to recordings of your teacher，the radio，TV video cassettes(盒式磁带)—anything that you can 33 .Just listen to English as 34 as you can and you will learn a lot.
Every time you learn something 35 ，write it down in a notebook.This will help you 36 what you have learned.Buy a notebook and use it 37 for practicing English.
Try to read English one hour every day.Yes，this is 38 ，but English has many words，and a good way to enlarge your 39 is to read them.
40 you have the chance，speak English.This will be hard to do 41 you don’t live in an English-speaking country； 42 ，the Internet provides new 43 to practice speaking English through chat rooms and audio-video chat technology(技术).You can also 44 your voice using a recorder.
Find a few different 45 that you can go to daily.Don’t 46 anything on the Internet.Some websites 47 monthly or yearly fees but they aren’t 48 it.
Learn from a teacher.If it’s possible，you 49 try to learn from as many different teachers as possible，or at the very least find 50 and learn from him.
31.A.usages B.customs
C.signs D.methods
答案 D
解析 根据下文所述内容可知，此处表示介绍一些帮助读者学好英语的方法(method)。
32.A.listening B.speaking
C.writing D.reading
答案 A
解析 根据本段大意及空后的“Listen to recordings”可知，此处指要多听英语。
33.A.reach B.buy
C.get D.make
答案 C
解析 听任何你能得到(get)的录音。
34.A.much B.many
C.fast D.well
答案 A
解析 根据空格后的“and you will learn a lot”可知，应该尽可能多地听英语，故选A项。
35.A.special B.invisible
C.new D.interesting
答案 C
解析 每次学习新的(new)东西时，就把它记下来。
36.A.recognize B.request
C.realize D.remember
答案 D
解析 根据上文中的“write it down in a notebook”可知，把学习的新东西记下来会帮助你记住(remember)所学的内容。
37.A.also B.still
C.already D.only
答案 D
解析 作者建议读者买一个笔记本专门用来练习英语，D项符合语境。
38.A.easy B.helpful
C.difficult D.wise
答案 C
解析 this指代的是“Try to read English one hour every day.”(坚持)每天读一个小时的英语是很困难的(difficult)。故选C。
39.A.vocabulary B.phrases
C.relationship D.expressions
答案 A
解析 阅读是扩大词汇量(vocabulary)的好方法。
40.A.Whoever B.Whichever
C.Whatever D.Wherever
答案 D
解析 根据下文内容并分析句子结构可知，应用Wherever引导让步状语从句，在从句中作状语。
41.A.unless B.though
C.if D.until
答案 C
解析 如果你不住在一个说英语的国家，说英语就会变得困难。if在此引导条件状语从句。
42.A.therefore B.however
C.besides D.instead
答案 B
解析 根据前后分句可知，此处表示转折关系，故用however。
43.A.behaviors B.chances
C.items D.decisions
答案 B
解析 因特网提供了练习说英语的新机会(chance)。上文中的“ you have the chance，speak English.”是提示。
44.A.save B.report
C.record D.collect
答案 C
解析 根据空后的“using a recorder”可知，应选C。你也可以用录音机录下你的声音。
45.A.cinemas B.websites
C.apartments D.universities
答案 B
解析 根据下文中的“Some websites...”可知，此处作者建议去一些不同的网站学习英语。
46.A.pay for B.give away
C.hand out D.believe in
答案 A
解析 根据下文中的“Some websites monthly or yearly fees but they aren’t it.”可知，此处作者建议不要轻易为网站支付费用。pay for为……付费；give away泄露，赠送；hand out分发，散发；believe in信任。
47.A.cost B.require
C.provide D.offer
答案 B
解析 有些网站需要(require)月费或年费。故选B。
48.A.worthwhile B.worthless
C.worthy D.worth
答案 D
解析 由连词but可知，此处表示这些网站不值这些费用。be worth sth.值……钱。worthwhile常用于It is worthwhile doing/to do sth.“值得做某事”；worthless无价值的；worthy常用于be worthy of sth.“值得……的”。
49.A.will B.should
C.might D.could
答案 B
解析 如果可能的话，你应该向尽可能多的不同的老师学习。should应该，应当，用于提供建议。
50.A.one B.the one
C.ones D.the ones
答案 A
解析 或者你至少找到一位老师，并向他学习。此处表示泛指，故选A。
Ⅵ.语法填空
Everyone has his or her own way of saying things and his or her own special expressions. Many everyday American expressions are based 51. colours.Red is a hot colour.Americans often use 52. to express heat.They may say they are red hot about something unfair.When they are red hot they are very 53. (anger) about something.The small hot tasting peppers found in many Mexican foods 54. (call) red hots for their colour and their spicy taste.Fast loud music is popular with many people.They may say the music is red hot,55. (especial) the kind called Dixieland jazz.Pink is a 56. (light) kind of red.People sometimes say they are in the pink 57. they are in good health.The expression was first used in America at the beginning of the 58. (twenty) century.It probably came from the fact that many 59. (baby) are born with a nice pink colour which shows that they are in good health.Blue is a cool colour.The traditional blues music in the United States is 60. opposite of red hot music.Blues is slow，sad and soulful(伤感的).Someone who is blue is very sad.
51.答案 on/upon
解析 句意为：许多日常的美语表达都是以颜色为基础的。be based on/upon为固定搭配，意为“以……为基础”，故填on/upon。
52.答案 it
解析 此处用it代替上文刚刚提过的red，故填it。
53.答案 angry
解析 be angry about sth.为固定搭配，意为“对某事很生气”，故填angry。
54.答案 are called
解析 句意为：许多墨西哥食物中尝起来很辣的小辣椒，由于它们的颜色和辣味，被叫作“red hots”。句子中缺少谓语动词，而且根据句意可知，主谓语之间为被动关系，且全文主体时态为一般现在时，应用一般现在时的被动语态，故填are called。
55.答案 especially
解析 根据上下文可知，所填词意为“尤其”，修饰设空后的内容，故填副词especially。
56.答案 lighter
解析 上文提及红色，现在提及粉色是较浅的一种红色，此处隐含比较意味，应用形容词的比较级，故填lighter。
57.答案 when/if
解析 句意为：当/如果身体健康时，人们有时会说自己红光满面。根据句意可知应填when。此处也可用if引导条件状语从句。
58.答案 twentieth
解析 此处表示“在20世纪初”，应用序数词，故填twentieth。
59.答案 babies
解析 many意为“许多的”，修饰可数名词复数，故填babies。
60.答案 the
解析 opposite在此作名词，意为“相反的事物”。此处比较两种音乐的不同，表示特指，故填定冠词the。
单元知识滚动练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The lecture that Mr Zhou made yesterday made a deep impression(印象) on the students.
2.There are many topics(话题) about the environment pollution for us to discuss.
3.The Chinese player argued(争论) about the marks with the judges but in vain(徒劳).
4.He had hopes of being selected(选择) for the national team.
5.Technological change is seen everywhere and affects so many aspects(方面) of life.
6.I didn’t want to say anything without actually(实际上) reading the letter first.
7.I have a negative(否定的) opinion on the value of this idea while others are positive about it.
8.I recognised(辨认出) him the moment he entered the room.
9.The exact origin(起源) of table tennis is not known.
10.She kept reminding(提醒) me that I was driving in the opposite direction.
Ⅱ.选词填空
out of breath，argue with sb.about...，make the most of，in view of，burn up，reflect on，behave oneself，refer to，remind sb.of，turn out
11.In view of the weather，the event will be held indoors.
12.It’s no use arguing with him about the question for he won’t change his mind.
13.They were soon out of breath，but went on running.
14.The little boy had no choice but to make the most of the limited time.
15.Which burns up more calories—swimming or cycling?
16.I hope in the years to come he will reflect on his decision.
17.I had reminded her of the time for the interview，but she forgot.
18.Tom，behave yourself.Did you forget the school rules?
19.The businessman you referred to just now is selfless，who does everything for others in exchange for nothing.
20.If it turns out wet，we will have to change our plans.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
21.The result of the competition shocked them and made them embarrassed(embarrass).
22.Jim was cooking(cook) in the kitchen when he heard a knock at the door.
23.He could be selected(select) monitor of the class but he gave up.
24.Trump figured(figure) the USA would lose the trade war with China and it did.
25.Do you know how many players a football team is made up of?
26.She is looking forward to being taken(take) to Mount Huang for a visit.
27.I would rather I had stayed(stay) at home last night.I didn’t expect there were so many people in the street.
28.Facing the robber(劫匪)，Mike was not in panic，and neither was(be) his younger sister.
29.It is illegal(违法的) for a public official to ask people for gifts or money in exchange for favors to them.
30.They are always commenting on/upon what I am wearing.
31.If you take risks like that you’ll wind up dead.
32.Playing with cellphone for long time will do harm to your eyes.
33.Nowadays，people are confused(confusing) by so much information on the Internet.
34.I’ve just bought this tie，but can I exchange it for that one?
35.Office workers fled in panic as the fire took hold.
Ⅳ.完成句子
36.Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film.
不仅学生们在欣赏这部影片，他们的老师也在欣赏这部影片。
37.Learning English all by oneself is very difficult.
一个人独自学习英语很困难。
38.I met with an old friend on the way，and that’s why I was late for the appointment.
我在路上遇到了一位老朋友，那就是我约会迟到的原因。
39.You’re not going out until you’ve finished doing your homework.
在做完家庭作业之前，你不能出去。
40.He didn’t finish his homework，and neither/nor did I.
他没有完成家庭作业，我也没有完成。
41.The educator is strongly opposed to putting much stress on young children.
这位教育工作者强烈反对给幼儿太多压力。
42.I have trouble in collecting materials and using language.
我在资料收集和语言运用方面存在困难。
43.I would rather do some reading at home than go shopping with them.
我宁愿在家读书，也不愿和他们一起去购物。
44.English is one of the subjects in which I am interested.
英语是我感兴趣的科目之一。
45.They were about to go to bed when their neighbor knocked at their door.
他们正要睡觉，这时邻居敲他们的门。
Ⅴ.单元语法——用所给词的正确形式填空
46.It is certainly(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.
47.Many accidents are caused by some drivers’ carelessness(careless).
48.After a long discussion(discuss) with her father，she decided not to take the job.
49.The boy didn’t pass the entrance examination，so his parents were unhappy(happy) about the result.
50.On a stormy(storm) night，his son was missing on the way back home.
核心素养拓展练
素养解读 2017版《普通高中课程标准》首次提出“学科核心素养”。英语学科核心素养由语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力构成。随之而来，以后的英语考试将更加坚持能力立意，突出核心素养的考查。下面文段就是围绕“语言能力”这一学科素养展开，有助于学生了解语言学习的特点，有助于自己语言学习能力的提高。
主题：语言 学科素养：语言能力
People often ask which is the most difficult language to learn，and it is not easy to answer because there are many things to take into consideration.Firstly，in a first language the differences are unimportant as people learn their mother tongue naturally，so the question of how hard a language is to learn is only relevant in terms of learning a second language.
A native speaker of Spanish，for example，will find Portuguese(葡萄牙语) much easier to learn than a native speaker of Chinese，because Portuguese is very similar to Spanish，while Chinese is very different，so our first language can affect learning a second language.The greater the differences between a second language and our first language，the harder it will be for most people to learn a second language.Many people answer that Chinese is the hardest language to learn，possibly influenced by the thought of learning the Chinese writing system(体系)，and the pronunciation of Chinese does appear to be very difficult for many foreign learners.However，for Japanese speakers，who already use Chinese characters in their own language，learning writing will be less difficult than for speakers of languages using the Roman alphabet(字母).
Some people seem to learn languages easily，while others find it very difficult.Teachers and the circumstances(环境) in which the language is learned also play an important role，as well as each learner’s purpose for learning.If people learn a language because they need to use it in work，they often learn it faster than people studying a language that has no direct use in their day-to-day life.
No language is easy to learn well，though languages which are related to our first language are easier.Learning a completely different writing system is a huge challenge，but that does not necessarily make a language more difficult than another.In the end，it is impossible to say that there is one language that is the most difficult language in the world.
语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。文章指出，世上没有最难的语言，只有相对难的语言。语言的难易与否，取决于其与母语的差异程度。
1.What does the underlined word “relevant” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A.Difficult. B.Meaningful.
C.Necessary. D.Possible.
答案 B
解析 词义猜测题。文章第一句提到哪种语言是最难的这个问题很难回答，因为它牵扯到很多方面。首先，人们生来就学会了母语(即母语对自己来说不难学)，也就是说对于母语来说，这个问题是毫无意义的，那么下文很自然地就会提到这个问题在什么情况下是“有意义”的，也就是在学习第二语言的时候才会有难易之分。
2.The example of Portuguese and Chinese is used to prove that .
A.Chinese is harder to learn than Portuguese
B.Portuguese and Chinese are very different
C.Portuguese is very easy for foreigners to learn
D.Our first language can affect learning a second language
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。文章第二段首先以葡萄牙语和汉语为例来说明，再得出结论：so our first language can affect learning a second language，由此可知，举这个例子是为了证明我们的母语能够影响第二语言的学习。
3.Why do many people think Chinese is hard to learn?
A.Its writing system is strange.
B.Its pronunciation is challengeable.
C.Its characters are difficult to understand.
D.It has great differences from many other languages.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。文章第二段提到很多人认为汉语难学，其实是觉得汉语的写法和发音难学，但日本人学起来要比使用罗马字母的人容易得多，因为日语中就有很多汉字。文章在最后一段又提到，和母语联系紧密的外语学起来要容易得多，而学习一门有着完全不同写法的语言要难得多。由此可知，许多人认为汉语难学是因为它和其他语言有很大的不同。
4.What can we learn from the text?
A.People will learn a language faster if they use it daily.
B.There are many languages that are the most difficult in the world.
C.All languages can be easy to learn with good teachers and circumstances.
D.The writing system of a language is more difficult to master than its pronunciation.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“If people learn a language because they need to use it in work，they often learn it faster than people studying a language that has no direct use in their day-to-day life.”可知，如果人们学习一门语言是工作需要，那么他们通常比那些在日常生活中不会直接用到这门语言的人学得快，也就是说，如果每天都能用到该门语言的话，那学起来就会快得多。
Notes：
Ⅰ.障碍词汇
1.take...into consideration把……考虑在内
2.appear vi.出现；显得；似乎
3.play an important role起重要作用
4.purpose n.目的
5.related adj.相关的
6.system n.体系，系统
7.challenge n.&vt.挑战
Ⅱ.长难句分析
If people learn a language because they need to use it in work，they often learn it faster than people studying a language that has no direct use in their day-to-day life.
分析：本句为主从复合句，if引导条件状语从句，其中又包含because引导的原因状语从句；本句主干是they often learn it faster than people；现在分词短语studying a language作people的定语；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词language。
翻译：如果人们学习一门语言是工作需要，那么他们要比那些在日常生活中不会直接用到这门语言的人学得快。
题型组合加餐练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
There are many differences between British English and American English.I used to teach a course about the differences between the two.We speak English on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean but we have many differences in our common language.We have examples of the same words having very different meanings，differing spellings of the same words as well as completely different words for the same things.Here are some examples.
A cookie in the US is called a biscuit in the UK.A biscuit in the US is a small cake in the UK.Crisps in the UK，are known as chips，but we British people eat a plate of chips that you call fries in the US.In the UK，a pie can be made from either meat or fruit，while in the US pies are normally made from fruit；pot pies are made from meat.Most things are measured in grams and kilograms in the US，not pounds and ounces.
One very obvious difference is the side of the road we each choose to drive on.Petrol in the UK is gas in the US.The place where we fill up our cars，in the UK，is a garage；while in the US，it’s a gas station.The term garage is also used as a place to store your car next to or close by your house.In the UK we call a lorry what is known as a truck in the US.
An elevator in the US is called a lift here，and the first floor in the US，is called the ground floor here，so many visitors get off on the wrong floor in British hotels.
I could continue with this.There are countless examples of differences within our shared language.With so many differences，no wonder it’s hard to understand each other well.
1.The passage is mainly about the differences between British English and American English in .
A.vocabulary B.grammar C.sound D.spelling
答案 A
解析 主旨大意题。阅读文章可知本文主要是论述美式英语和英式英语在词汇方面的差别。
2.It’s implied in the passage that the author may be .
A.a driver from the US
B.a cook from the US
C.a teacher from the UK
D.a gas station worker from the UK
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“I used to teach a course about the differences between the two.”和第二段中的“we British people”可推出作者可能是来自英国的一位老师。
3.In the author’s opinion， .
A.language differences don’t affect understanding
B.the same words in the two different types of English may have different spellings
C.there will be fewer differences between American and British English in the future
D.it is impossible that some Americans get off on the wrong floor in British hotels
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We have examples of the same words having very different meanings，differing spellings of the same words...”可知B项正确。
4.What can we learn from the passage?
A.“Elevator” is commonly used in the UK.
B.Pies mean the same thing in the UK and the US.
C.In the UK，things are measured in pounds and ounces.
D.British and American people drive on the same side of the road.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Most things are measured in grams and kilograms in the US，not pounds and ounces.”可知C项正确。
Ⅱ.完形填空
A few weeks ago，I went to pick up my son from High School.Usually I 5 on the right side of the parking lot，and he 6 me there.I usually sit waiting for a few minutes，and catch up with my emails while I 7 .
This particular day I was waiting there when I heard the 8 of the car open，and a voice say，“Hey Mom，can you help me with this？” I looked back and saw a huge，brown，wooden 9 .
Hudson was carrying it，and it was so 10 that I couldn’t even see him.“Wow！” I said，as I 11 out of the car.“Let me put the back seats down for you，otherwise，it won’t 12 in the back.” I lowered the two back seats of the car，and helped Hudson put his creative 13 from his art lesson in 14 .As we drove home，he showed me the gift certificate(证明) that he and his teammates had won for 15 this mini-Eiffel Tower.
“Well done，darling，” I said.“It’s quite a work of 16 .” The night before，he had asked me if I had any 17 Christmas lights that he could 18 for his art project.I gave him some，but didn’t ask him about the 19 .I actually expected it to be a(n) 20 ，small art project，perhaps something that shows a certain painting skill，or something，like oil paint，clay，or metal paper.
This，however，was much more than I had 21 .It completely took me by 22 .It sits in his bedroom now，and is 23 .I’m considering bringing it downstairs for our Christmas entryway decoration.It’ll make a(n) 24 from a Christmas tree.
语篇解读 作者的儿子在学校和队友一起建了一座迷你的埃菲尔铁塔，回家之后，儿子给它装饰上了圣诞灯，这件作品让作者赞叹不已。
5.A.park B.keep
C.run D.get
答案 A
解析 根据空后的the parking lot可知，作者通常把车停在停车场的右边，故用park “停车”。keep保留；run跑；get得到。
6.A.welcomes B.leaves
C.watches D.meets
答案 D
解析 作者与儿子在停车场见面。故用meet。welcome欢迎；leave离开；watch观察。
7.A.listen B.wait
C.read D.think
答案 B
解析 根据空前的提示waiting for可知，作者坐在那里等候儿子，故wait “等候”，符合语境。listen听；read阅读；think思考。
8.A.window B.front
C.back D.top
答案 C
解析 根据第三段中的“Let me put the back seats down...in the back.”可知，作者听到车的后门被打开了。back后面，符合语境。window窗户；front前面；top顶部。
9.A.tower B.toy
C.box D.basket
答案 A
解析 根据下文中的“this mini-Eiffel Tower”可知该处用tower。toy玩具；box盒子；basket篮子。
10.A.heavy B.straight
C.funny D.large
答案 D
解析 根据空后的“我甚至看不见他”可判断出塔太大，故large “大的”，符合语境。heavy重的；straight直的；funny可笑的。
11.A.looked B.jumped
C.thought D.settled
答案 B
解析 “我”跳出车子。jump out of从……跳出，符合语境。look out of从……往外看；think思考；settle解决，定居。
12.A.base B.recognize
C.fit D.fall
答案 C
解析 该处指塔太大车后部放不下，故用fit。fit可容纳，装进，符合语境。base以……为基础；recognize认出；fall落下。
13.A.work B.fun
C.request D.purpose
答案 A
解析 “我”帮着他把他的作品小心地放在后座上。work作品，符合语境。fun乐趣；request请求；purpose目的，用途。
14.A.frequently B.fluently
C.gradually D.carefully
答案 D
解析 参考上题解析。carefully小心地，符合语境。frequently频繁地；fluently流畅地；gradually逐渐地。
15.A.moving B.building
C.visiting D.showing
答案 B
解析 他和他的队友因建了这座迷你埃菲尔铁塔而获奖。build建造，符合语境。move移动；visit参观；show展示。
16.A.help B.art
C.guide D.space
答案 B
解析 由下文的“his art project”可知该处用art “艺术”。help帮助；guide指导，向导；space空间。
17.A.extra B.cheap C.actual D.expensive
答案 A
解析 他问“我”是否有多余的圣诞灯。extra多余的，额外的，符合语境。cheap便宜的；actual真实的；expensive昂贵的。
18.A.make B.command C.buy D.use
答案 D
解析 他向“我”要了一些圣诞灯，用于他的艺术项目。故use “用”，符合语境。make制造；command命令；buy买。
19.A.school B.project
C.light D.gift
答案 B
解析 根据上文的“art project”可知该处用project。project项目，符合语境。school学校；light光线；gift礼物。
20.A.strange B.great
C.ordinary D.native
答案 C
解析 “我”原以为这是个普通的小艺术品。ordinary普通的，符合语境。strange奇怪的；great伟大的；native本地的。
21.A.expected B.seen
C.borrowed D.faced
答案 A
解析 然而这完全出乎“我”的预料。expect预计，预料，符合语境。see看见；borrow借；face面对。
22.A.fear B.chance
C.power D.surprise
答案 D
解析 take sb.by surprise让某人大为吃惊。fear害怕；chance机会；power力量，权利。
23.A.set up B.lit up
C.came up D.packed up
答案 B
解析 该处指圣诞灯已经点亮。light up点燃，照亮，符合语境。set up建立；come up走近；pack up收拾。
24.A.change B.friend
C.face D.identity
答案 A
解析 从一棵圣诞树开始一切将发生改变。make a change改变，符合语境。friend朋友；face脸；identity身份。
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
One Sunday morning，George Thomas，a baker in a small New England town，was walking through the town when he saw a little boy coming toward him，swinging(挥舞) a bird cage in the air.On the bottom of the cage，there were three little wild birds shaking with cold and fear.George Thomas stopped the boy and asked him what he got there.
The boy was happy and told him that there were just some old birds in the cage.When the baker asked him what he would do with the old birds.The boy said casually(漫不经心地) that he wanted to take the birds home and play with them.He would pull out their feathers to make them fight.He would have a really good time because he would enjoy watching these.
George Thomas was shocked by what the boy said.How could a boy be so rude to wild animals？So he continued to ask the boy what he would do to the birds when he got tired of them，because he was such a naughty and cruel boy that he was sure to be tired of them sooner or later.The boy laughed and said that he had a cat，which liked birds，so he would give the birds to his cat.The baker got more worried and decided to help set free the poor birds.So he asked，“How much do you want for the birds，son? ”
The boy looked at him in surprise，wondering if the baker really wanted to buy them.He laughed and reminded the man that they were just plain old field birds.They didn’t sing and they were not even pretty.However，the baker insisted and continued to ask him how much money he wanted for the birds.
The boy stared at the baker as if he were crazy and said，“10？”
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
The baker reached in his pocket
Paragraph 2：
The baker picked up the cage.
参考范文
The baker reached in his pocket and took out a ten-dollar bill.He placed it in the boy’s hand.The boy was puzzled.He thought the baker might be a fool.He grasped the money firmly as if he was afraid that the baker would change his mind.In a flash，the excited boy was gone.The baker watched the boy walking away and shook his head.
The baker picked up the cage.And he gently carried it to the end of the alley where there was a tree and a grassy spot.Setting the cage down，he opened the door，and by softly tapping the bars he persuaded the birds out，setting them free.The baker watched the birds flying in the sky freely，smiling.He took the empty bird cage home.
【Unit 1 & Unit 2】 滚动默写练习
Ⅰ.单元知识回顾(共25小题；每题2分，满分50分)
1.请写出与curious/curiosity有关的短语
(1)be/become curious about对……感到好奇
(2)out of curiosity出于好奇
2.in (a) panic惊慌失措地；处在恐慌中
3.请写出与calm有关的短语
(1)calm down平静下来；镇静下来
(2)keep calm保持镇静
4.请写出与refer有关的短语
(1)refer to查阅；参考；谈到；涉及；指的是
(2)refer to...as...把……当作……；称……为……
5.请写出与struggle有关的短语
(1)struggle against/with sb./sth.同……作斗争；与……抗争
(2)struggle for sth.为……而斗争/奋斗
(3)struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来
6.请写出与look有关的短语
(1)look forward to期望；期待；盼望
(2)look into往……里看；调查
(3)look down on/upon俯视；轻视；看不起
7.与remind相关的短语
(1)remind sb.of sth./sb.使某人想起某事/某人
(2)remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事
8.与come相关的短语
(1)come across偶然发现；偶然遇到
(2)come about发生；产生
(3)come on快点；加油；进展
9.与intend相关的短语
(1)intend doing/to do sth.打算/想要做某事
(2)intend sb.to do sth.计划让某人做某事
(3)had intended to do sth./intended to have done sth.本打算做……(但实际未做)
10.与base相关的短语
(1)be based on/upon以……为基础
(2)on the basis of根据；在……的基础上
11.与aware相关的短语
(1)be aware of意识到；觉察到
(2)raise one’s awareness of提高某人的……意识
Ⅱ.完成句子(共5小题；每题4分，满分20分)
12.He was doing his homework in his room when he heard someone called for help.
他正在他的房间里做作业这时听到有人呼救。
13.With the little boy leading the way，we had no difficulty in finding our teacher’s home.
有这个小男孩带路，我们没费劲就找到了老师的家。
14.I have some trouble/difficulty (in) reading the letter，for his handwriting is very bad.
我读这封信有些困难，因为他的书写很差。
15.Mary never does any reading in the evening，neither does John.
玛丽晚上从不看书，约翰也不看书。
16.Not only Tom but also his parents are fond of watching football matches.
不仅汤姆，而且他的父母也都喜欢看足球比赛。
Ⅲ.知识运用于语境(共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分)
1
I am so happy that I have graduated 17.from junior school and come to the senior high.18.Stepping(step) into the gate of the campus reminds me not only to gain knowledge but also to pick up some hobbies,19.which can enrich my school life.I am interested in photography 20.in particular，because taking photos of those cute 21.dolphins(dolphin) will take my pressure away.With time 22.permitting(permit)，I shall attend debate competitions.Having failed in expressing myself fluently，I figure 23.that I should develop the ability to organize my thoughts flexibly towards sharp topics.Well 24.begun(begin)，half done.During the high school time，I will make the 25.most(much) of every opportunity to improve myself.26.Based(base) on the three years’ learning，I will select an ideal university after graduation.
2
My roommate’s behavior was so 27.confusing(confuse).On such 28.a hot day，she was wearing a pair of thick 29.boots(boot).When coming back to our apartment building，she insisted on climbing the stairs instead of taking the elevator.“30.Actually(actual)，there is no such a trend(流行趋势)，”I reminded her 31.of that.However，she told me what she was doing could reflect her unique personality in one aspect and that she could burn up more calories when 32.climbing(climb) the stairs.
After returning to our flat，I asked her 33.how she was feeling.“No comment，” she 34.replied(reply).
In fact，I meant no 35.harm(harmless) in saying these words.I was so embarrassed，and would rather I 36.had shut(shut) up.
单元检测卷(二)
选择题部分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.At what time does the man suggest they leave?
A.11∶30 a.m.
B.2∶00 p.m.
C.1∶00 p.m.
2.How does the man find the weather in Shanghai?
A.It’s damp.
B.It’s dry.
C.It’s cold.
3.Where does the conversation take place?
A.At a bus stop.
B.In a taxi.
C.On a bus.
4.Which of the following countries is not mentioned?
A.Sweden. B.Italy. C.France.
5.What does the woman mean?
A.She thought the lecture not too long.
B.She agreed to the man’s opinion.
C.She quite enjoyed the lecture.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6.What does the man plan to do this Saturday morning?
A.Get up late.
B.Cut some wood.
C.Take a walk.
7.What did people say about the wolf?
A.It killed a lot of small animals.
B.It was attracted by the food left by people.
C.It killed little children.
8.What do we know about the woman?
A.She may not catch what others said.
B.She is telling a lie to the man.
C.She often tells jokes to people.
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
9.Which subject is suitable to start a conversation according to the woman?
A.Bars.
B.Weather.
C.Public affairs.
10.Why does Mark look unhappy?
A.Because he is worried about his English.
B.Because he is not a member of the club yet.
C.Because he is worried about the coming exam.
11.What does the woman suggest the man do?
A.Go to hotels.
B.Join a club.
C.Find a partner.
听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。
12.Where didn’t the man go?
A.To Edinburgh.
B.To St.Andrews.
C.To Highlands.
13.How is the life in Scotland?
A.Hard.
B.Not so hurry-up.
C.Busy.
14.How many people went to Scotland with the man?
A.1. B.2. C.3.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15.What do we know about the man?
A.He hopes to become a painter some day.
B.He isn’t very familiar with painting.
C.He doesn’t like the course at all.
16.Who is Lucy Green?
A.The painter Desiree.
B.The professor of the course.
C.The woman’s friend.
17.Where was probably the woman last night?
A.At home.
B.At Professor Brown’s.
C.At an exhibition.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18.Why are many roads closed in the north?
A.Because of heavy rain.
B.Because of strong winds.
C.Because of fallen stones from mountains.
19.Where have fifty houses been flooded?
A.In the south.
B.In the north.
C.In the east.
20.What happened in the west?
A.Many boats were missing.
B.Four people died in a river.
C.Two villages were under water.
答案 1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.C 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.B 15.B 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.A 20.C
?听力材料
Text 1
W：Could we start at 11：30 a.m.?
M：There’s no need to be so hurried.Let’s make it two o’clock and we can still leave one and a half hours’ margin(余地).
W：OK.
Text 2
W：Do you like the weather in Shanghai?
M：I must say I’m used to the milder winter in Hong Kong.
Text 3
M：I nearly missed it this morning.I got to the corner just in time.
W：You are lucky.These drivers always leave on time since it takes so long to cross the city.
Text 4
W：Where will you and your family go and spend your summer vacation?
M：We are arranging for a holiday to Europe.We will stay in Italy for three days，France for five weeks，Switzerland for two days.
Text 5
M：It was really a long and boring lecture.I could hardly keep myself from falling asleep.
W：I don’t think that.Actually it is quite long since I heard anyone better.
Text 6
M：We shouldn’t get up late on Saturday morning.I’m going to walk in the woods behind our house this week.
W：I know you enjoy walking，but I heard our house manager say to watch out for the wild wolf.
M：What did he say about the wolf?
W：Someone prepared food for small animals and that attracted the wolf.
M：Are you sure it isn’t a joke?
W：I don’t think it’s a joke，but I really don’t understand what he means.
Text 7
W：What’s the matter，Mark? You don’t look very happy.
M：I’m not.I’m worried about my English.
W：What’s the problem?
M：I’m not practicing enough.
W：Why not?
M：Well，it’s difficult to meet English people.
W：You should go out more.
M：Where should I go?
W：You should go to bars.You should join a club.
M：But...English people never speak to me.
W：Ah! You should speak first.
M：What can I talk about?
W：The weather! English people are always interested in the weather.
Text 8
W：Hi.Tom.Did you have a nice holiday?
M：Yes，couldn’t have been better.Thank you.
W：Where did you go during the holidays?
M：I went to Scotland.
W：Did you go there alone?
M：No.I went there with my parents.We traveled around in Scotland.We spent a week in Edinburgh，then went to St.Andrews.
W：It’s said that Highlands is a very good place to see.Did you go up there?
M：No.We stayed at a hotel for a few days and came back to London down the west coast.
W：How was the weather when you were there?
M：Quite good，and everybody was very kind.People aren’t in such a hurry-up there，you know.
W：You must have enjoyed your holidays.
M：Sure.
Text 9
W：Oh，Mike! I didn’t know you had any interest in painting.
M：I don’t know much about it at all，so I thought it would be a good idea to take this course.
W：Did you go to the exhibition last night?
M：Unfortunately I couldn’t make it.They are open for one more day，so I’m going to see it tonight.What did you think of it?
W：I loved it.Desiree’s paintings catch your eye immediately，and then your eyes lock on them.
M：I can’t wait to see them myself.And did you say the painter’s name was Desiree?
W：She only uses that name when she paints.Her real name is Lucy Green.Desiree really sounds more exciting，don’t you think?
M：It sure does.Oh，it looks like Professor Brown is here.I’ll talk to you some more after class.
Text 10
Good evening! Tonight the main news is about the bad weather we are having.Storms are reported in all parts of the country.In the north，many roads are closed because of high winds.Two main roads near Glasgow are blocked by trees.In the south too，heavy rains and storms are reported.Near Dover，fifty houses have been flooded and last night a lorry was blown over by the wind.In the east，quite a few areas have been flooded.Many small boats have been lost and this morning one boat was found two miles on land.Things are better in the west.But two villages have been flooded by a river and four people nearly drowned in the flood.No storms are expected tomorrow.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 (共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
When I was about twelve，I headed to a restaurant for dinner with my family.It was a windy winter night.As my mom and I headed towards the restaurant from our car，a girl about my age and her mother came up to us.They asked if we had any spare dollars.My mom immediately asked where they kept their things.They pointed to an old car in the parking across the street.The girl said there were six of them living in that car，the same size as my own family.
My mom said she had something to do after handing the people a few dollars.She sent me inside the restaurant with my dad and my three siblings(兄弟姐妹).But she didn’t come.
Later，I found out she had gone home and emptied our cupboards into a few bags.Then，she brought that food over to the car and handed the bags to the family.I wasn’t there when that part happened，but I could imagine the joy it brought to their faces.
A few days later，when I actually found out about what she had done，I asked her why she helped those people.She told me that they were not lucky.I remember the face of that girl who had asked us for dollars；she was the same age as me，yet our lives were so different.
Here I stood，dressed in almost new clothes，headed to a restaurant and then back home to the bedroom I shared with my younger sister.I remembered thinking that the girl didn’t have any food to eat and that she was heading back to a cold car shared with five other people.
After painting this picture in my mind，I understood my mom.I will never forget what she did that night.And that night I also learned one of the best lessons she taught me.
21.We learn from the passage that the girl about the writer’s age .
A.lived a hard life
B.had her own bedroom
C.received a good education
D.made friends with the writer
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段第三、四句中的“...a girl about my age and her mother came up to us.They asked if we had any spare dollars.”以及该段最后两句“They pointed to an old car in the parking across the street.The girl said there were six of them living in that car，the same size as my own family.”可以推断，与作者年龄差不多的这个女孩的生活很困难，缺钱并住在旧汽车里。故选A。
22.Which of the following is the right order of the story?
a.My mom gave the girl a few dollars.
b.My family was on the way to a restaurant.
c.My mom went home and brought some food.
d.We met with a girl and her mother asking for dollars.
A.b，d，a，c B.b，a，c，d
C.d，a，c，b D.d，c，b，a
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。通读文章前三段可知，故事是从作者一家人去饭店吃饭开始的，因此b是故事的开始，故事结束是妈妈回家拿了许多食物给了女孩一家，因此c是故事的结束。故选A。
23.Which of the following words can best describe the writer’s mother?
A.Patient. B.Strict. C.Proud. D.Kind.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第二、三段可知，作者的妈妈在给了她们一些钱后，又回家拿了几大袋食物，送到了她们家，帮助了那家人。由此推断，作者的妈妈是一个善良的人。故选D。
B
The English language has a lot of words which can be used in many different ways and in many different expressions.
One such example is the word matter.In fact，matter can mean just about anything.It could be one of the most useful words in the English language.
Let’s get to the heart of the “matter”—a matter of principle.
If someone says that you owe(欠) him 50，but you don’t，a friend might say，“Well，you could pay him the 50.It’s not that much money.Then you won’t have to hear him say it anymore.” But if you do not owe him the money，do not pay him the money.It’s a matter of principle.
There is another way to use the word “matter”.But be careful with your choice of words.
If you ask someone，“What’s the matter？”，it shows you are worried about the other person.But saying，“What’s the matter with you？”，has a completely different meaning.And it usually sounds rude.In fact，when you say，“What’s the matter with you？”，you are suggesting that the person did something wrong or stupid.
Another expression that could sound rude is to say，“It doesn’t matter to me.” Here，it depends on the context，and how you say it.
Let’s say you tell someone that a friend just got a big raise at work.That person answers with，“It doesn’t matter to me.” Here，it means he or she does not care.And it sounds rude.
But saying，“Oh，you pick where we eat dinner.It doesn’t matter to me.” does not sound rude.In this situation，“It doesn’t matter.” shows you are easy-going.
No matter how you look at it and what you say，“matter” is a very useful word.And it’s only a matter of time before you will become an expert on the use of “matter”.
24.We can infer from the text that the word matter .
A.has a wide use
B.can mean money
C.is the most used English word
D.has the most different expressions
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第一、二段的描述可知，matter一词用法很广。
25.What is the author’s suggestion in Paragraph 4?
A.Every penny counts.
B.Stick to what is right.
C.Follow your friend’s advice.
D.Be careful when making friends.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句“But if you do not owe him the money，do not pay him the money.It’s a matter of principle.”可知，如果你没有欠他的钱，就不要付给他钱，这是一个原则问题。因此作者建议在对的事情上要坚持自己的立场，不要轻易做出让步或改变。故选B。
26.The underlined word “context” in the text probably means “ ”.
A.choice B.person
C.situation D.answer
答案 C
解析 词义猜测题。倒数第二、三段举例说明“It doesn’t matter to me.”在不同的语境里意思不同。由此可知，该表达取决于上下文语境。故选C。
27.The author develops the text mainly by .
A.using examples
B.giving instructions
C.describing his experiences
D.discussing research findings
答案 A
解析 写作手法题。文中用不同的例子来讲解“matter”的用法，故作者主要是通过举例来展开全文的。故选A。
C
We spend around one third of our lives in bed，and the body does a lot of its repair work as we sleep，so enough good quality sleep is very important to our health.It doesn’t stop there，though—some sleep positions are healthier than others.So which sleep position is the healthiest?
Sleeping on your back is the healthiest sleep position.Health benefits include avoiding back and neck pain.Because the head is raised above the stomach when you sleep on your back，this position is best for people who suffer from nighttime acid reflux(胃酸逆流) as well.Around 80% of heartburn(胃灼热) sufferers have problems during the night，so sleeping on their back could help a lot of people to enjoy a good night’s sleep.If the sleep position alone is not enough to alleviate the condition，try raising the head of the bed by up to 4 inches by placing blocks under it.
When you sleep on your back，your face is in a natural position.This means less wrinkles(皱纹).
If you really can’t face sleeping on your back，another healthy sleep position is the side sleep.It’s almost as good as the back position，and it’s better for people who snore(打鼾) and their partners.Whichever sleep position you choose，use a pillow that supports the head and the neck without raising the head unnaturally，as this can bring neck pain.
28.Which is NOT one of the benefits of sleeping on the back?
A.It can avoid acid reflux.
B.It makes people look younger.
C.It helps people get rid of stomach pain.
D.It’s good for heartburn sufferers.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。从第二段内容可知，仰卧对胃灼热患者有益，但没说可以消除胃痛。
29.The underlined word “alleviate” in Paragraph 2 probably means “ ”.
A.make people enjoy
B.make people forget
C.make it less useful
D.make it less serious
答案 D
解析 词义猜测题。从前半句“If the sleep position alone is not enough ...”及后面的“...try raising the head of the bed by up to 4 inches...”可推知，如果只这样做还不够(不能缓解不适症状)，则可以试着把床头加高四英寸。故选D项。
30.What does the text mainly talk about?
A.Ways to keep us healthy.
B.The importance of sleep.
C.Healthy positions of sleep.
D.Repairing functions of sleep.
答案 C
解析 主旨大意题。从第一段中的“...some sleep positions are healthier than others.So which sleep position is the healthiest？”及全文的描述可知选C项。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Last week，we talked about how to start and organize your English Club.This week，we share ideas for effective and fun activities to do with your English Club.
Warm-up activities are good ways to start any club meeting. 31 Here are a few warm-up activities that can be used with any age or skill level.
The first is called Two Truths and a Lie.This activity can be done in pairs，small groups，or the whole English club. 32 Two of the facts are true，and one is a lie.They tell the group the three facts，and the group must decide which one is the lie.Each participant takes a turn with this activity.
33 For this activity，tell everyone to think of a person，place or thing and write it down on a piece of paper.Collect the pieces of paper and mix them around in a big bowl.Then，divide the club into two teams.Each team then takes turns having one person go to the front of the room to take a piece of paper. 34 As soon as a team member correctly guesses the word，the person then selects another word from the bowl.Each team has 30 seconds to guess as many words as possible.
Finally，for groups that do not like activities，you can simply start a club meeting with a warm-up discussion question，or by sharing a word or quote of the day.
There are hundreds of possibilities for English club activities. 35 The important thing to remember is to keep things fun and keep your club members motivated.
A.The second is called Stating Things.
B.This article provides you with a good start.
C.Another warm-up activity is Salad Bowl.
D.They cause club members to speak more English.
E.One person comes up with three facts about themselves.
F.The person must then describe the word to other team members.
G.They help people relax and prepare them to start speaking English.
语篇解读 本文是说明文。文章介绍了英语俱乐部的几种热身活动，以唤醒学生对英语的喜爱。
31.答案 G
解析 空格前讲到热身活动是开始俱乐部会议的好方式，结合选项可知，G项“热身活动可让人们放松，准备好开始说英语”承接上文，故选G。
32.答案 E
解析 空格后讲到“两个是事实，一个是谎言”，与E项中three facts相呼应，故选E。
33.答案 C
解析 本段主要讲了第二个热身活动的游戏规则，一组成员从碗中取出纸条进行描述，另一组成员进行猜测。C项“另一个热身活动是沙拉碗”符合语境。
34.答案 F
解析 空格后讲到“只要有一名成员正确猜出这个词语，这个人就再从碗里挑选一张纸条”，F项“然后这个人必须向其他成员描述这一词语”符合语境。
35.答案 B
解析 英语俱乐部有数百种活动，而本文只是提出了几种热身活动，故B项“本文提供了一个好的开始”符合语境。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A small dog melted the hearts of millions of people.It was reported that he had been waiting for his owner to 36 home for three years，not knowing that she never would.
Years ago，an old lady from Osaka，Japan， 37 a cute little lost dog that she 38 Fu Shi.The two lived 39 for a while，but tragedy(悲剧) struck three years ago，when she 40 from brain disease which eventually led to dementia(痴呆).She had to be taken to a nursing home to be under constant special 41 ，and the small dog found himself all alone again.But he had no 42 that the old woman was never coming back，so he spent the last three years 43 her.
Every day， 44 could see Fu Shi waiting for his owner.He would 45 there all day，until nightfall，and return to the now-abandoned house that they had 46 .Touched by the animal’s 47 ，one of the neighbors contacted an animal rescue，and told them his 48 story.Apparently，Fu Shi 49 the food that the neighbors left for him ever since his owner went away，but they couldn’t do anything about his 50 .
After giving Fu Shi a check-up，a vet 51 that he was 8-year-old and suffering from intestinal worms(肠道蠕虫).He was given a 52 and made a full recovery.
Fortunately，this heartbreaking story has a 53 ending.With the 54 of Fu Shi’s story on the Internet，more and more people know him.He has been adopted by a 55 family.He also has a new name now，Sky.
语篇解读 小狗Fu Shi的主人因病住进了疗养院，他不知道主人永远不回来了，苦苦等待了主人三年。他的忠诚温暖了千万人的心。好在这个故事有了一个温暖的结局，小狗被另一个充满爱的家庭收养了。
36.A.leave B.return
C.stay D.miss
答案 B
解析 根据下文的“She had to be taken to a nursing home”可知，小狗的主人住进了疗养院。因此，三年来，这只狗一直在等主人回家。
37.A.adopted B.supported
C.bought D.fed
答案 A
解析 空格后的“lost dog”提示这是一只走失的小狗，因此这位老太太应该是收养(adopt)了这只小狗。
38.A.preferred B.showed
C.named D.accepted
答案 C
解析 根据下文可知，这只小狗的名字是Fu Shi。老太太收养了这只走失的小狗后，给他取名Fu Shi。此处name是动词，意为“给……取名”。
39.A.curiously B.seriously
C.anxiously D.happily
答案 D
解析 空格后的but提示该处内容与发生悲剧形成转折关系，故此处指老太太收养了Fu Shi后，他们快乐地(happily)生活了一段时间。
40.A.avoided B.prevented
C.suffered D.cured
答案 C
解析 老太太最终得了痴呆症，可见她患了脑部疾病，suffer符合语境。
41.A.care B.love
C.judgment D.experiment
答案 A
解析 老太太得了痴呆症被送进疗养院，接受不间断的特殊护理(care)。
42.A.confidence B.hope
C.doubt D.idea
答案 D
解析 小狗Fu Shi一直在等主人回家，可见他不知道老人不会回来了。have no idea意为“不知道”。
43.A.meeting B.greeting
C.waiting for D.looking after
答案 C
解析 小狗Fu Shi不知道老人不会回来了，一直在等待(wait for)主人。第一段第二句中的“waiting for his owner”给出了提示。
44.A.strangers B.neighbors
C.friends D.relatives
答案 B
解析 小狗应该是在家里或家附近等待主人，因此看见这一情景的应该是老人的邻居(neighbor)。
45.A.wander B.run
C.play D.sit
答案 D
解析 小狗在等待主人，因此他应该是一直坐(sit)在那里，直到夜幕降临。
46.A.borrowed B.experienced
C.shared D.cleaned
答案 C
解析 老太太收养小狗后与小狗住在一起，此处用share强调这座房子是他们一起住过的房子。
47.A.loyalty B.honesty
C.kindness D.patience
答案 A
解析 主人离开后小狗等了她三年，从未放弃，这说明小狗很忠诚，邻居被小狗的忠诚(loyalty)打动了。
48.A.interesting B.touching
C.terrible D.lucky
答案 B
解析 小狗忠诚地等了主人三年，这个故事是很感人的(touching)。
49.A.lived on B.gave away
C.turned down D.took to
答案 A
解析 很显然，主人离开后，小狗是靠着邻居们给他的食物活下来的。live on...意为“以……为食，靠……生活”。give away赠送，泄露；turn down调低，拒绝；take to喜欢上，开始定期(做……)。
50.A.weakness B.tiredness
C.eagerness D.sadness
答案 D
解析 邻居们能给小狗提供食物以维持他的生存，却不能消除他等待主人而主人不归的忧伤(sadness)。
51.A.estimated B.determined
C.wondered D.announced
答案 B
解析 兽医给小狗做了全面检查后，确定(determine)他已经8岁了，并患有肠道蠕虫病。
52.A.treatment B.praise
C.reward D.gift
答案 A
解析 根据空格后的made a full recovery可知，小狗得到治疗(treatment)并全面康复。
53.A.unique B.simple
C.funny D.warm
答案 D
解析 根据下文可知，Fu Shi被另一个家庭收养了，这个令人心碎的故事有了一个温暖的(warm)结局。
54.A.development B.spread
C.description D.discussion
答案 B
解析 越来越多的人知道了Fu Shi的故事，这说明他的故事在网上传播开了，故spread符合语境。
55.A.rich B.similar
C.loving D.boring
答案 C
解析 Fu Shi的故事有了一个温暖的结局，这说明收养他的家庭是一个充满爱的(loving)家庭。
非选择题部分
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Long ago in the 1700s，“home” was used as a verb,56. (mean) “to be guided to a destination”.So，when you home in on something，you get 57. (close) to your target.That is also where we get homing pigeons—pigeons that can find 58. (they) way home after being released.
But today，“home” is more often used 59. a noun.And it has a very emotional 60. (connect) with American English speakers.You can remember the meaning of the word by the expression “home is 61. the heart is”.That expression means home is anywhere you feel love and comfort.In other words，“home” is not 62. (simple) a building where you live—that’s a house.
The writer，Thomas Wolfe,63. (write) a book You Can’t Go Home Again in 1940.This title has worked its way into the English language.We use it to mean that the ideas and feelings you had as 64. child often change when you are an adult.So，even if you return to the place where you grew up，time and distance 65. (change) your view.
56.答案 meaning
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，所填词在句中作状语，“home”与mean之间构成主动关系，故用现在分词形式。
57.答案 closer
解析 考查比较级。句意为：因此，当你朝某个事物前进时，你距离你的目标就更近了一步。由句意可知，应用close的比较级形式closer。
58.答案 their
解析 考查代词。修饰名词way应用形容词性物主代词，故填their。
59.答案 as
解析 考查介词。be used as为固定搭配，意为“被用作……”。
60.答案 connection
解析 考查名词。根据前面的冠词a和形容词emotional可知，此处应用名词形式connection。
61.答案 where
解析 考查表语从句连接词。所填词在句中引导表语从句，表示“心之所在即为家”，故填where。
62.答案 simply
解析 考查副词。所填词在句中作状语，故用副词形式。句意为：换句话说，家不仅仅是你所居住的那栋建筑——即房子。
63.答案 wrote
解析 考查动词的时态。根据本句中的时间状语in 1940可知，应使用一般过去时。
64.答案 a
解析 考查冠词。child为可数名词并表示泛指，故填不定冠词a。
65.答案 have changed
解析 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意为：因此，即使你回到你成长的地方，时间和距离早已改变了你的看法。此处强调动作的完成，故用现在完成时。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
假设你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华，你校拟举办主题为“英语学习”的讲座。请你根据所给要点，代表学生会用英语写一则海报。
时间：下周二下午2∶00～4∶00
地点：学校礼堂
内容：
1.英语学习经验与方法介绍；
2.就英语学习中的困惑，现场答疑。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.海报应包含所有信息，可适当增加细节。
参考词汇：讲座lecture
参考范文
A Lecture on English Learning
Want to improve your English？Come and join us!
A lecture on “English Learning” is to be held in our school hall from 2∶00 to 4∶00 next Tuesday afternoon.The lecturer will share his learning experience with us.In addition，he will introduce some methods of learning English.After the lecture，you can ask him for advice on any problem you have while learning English.
You’ll learn a great deal from this lecture!
Students’ Union
第二节 概要写作(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Punishing children is a controversial(争议的) topic.Everybody has different opinions about how to act to correct a child’s behavior.People have disagreements about whether it is good for a child’s education to punish him.
The word “punish” means different things to different people.Punishment can be physical or emotional.Physical punishment is when the parent hits the child.On the other hand，emotional punishment is when the parent，in order to educate the child，doesn’t let him watch TV，go to play with his friends，or do things like that.
Although many surveys and studies have showed what the correct way is to raise a child，nobody has the answer or the truth.There is no such thing as agreed standard about raising a child，so I think it will be very difficult to get everyone to agree.
I think parents should love their child and give him or her the best education，but at the same time，they should punish the child properly if he or she deserves it.The parent’s goal is to have a good man or woman in society in the future，so sometimes you should do what is necessary to get your child to behave well.
参考范文
People have mixed opinions towards punishment to children.There are mainly physical and emotional punishment.As a matter of fact，it is difficult to find the agreed standard to raise a child.Proper punishment can be instructive and necessary to children while love and education are the most important for us to make our kids behave well.
