2019-2020学年人教版高一英语单元测试卷：必修1 Unit 5 Music
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| 名称 | 2019-2020学年人教版高一英语单元测试卷：必修1 Unit 5 Music |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-10-04 21:54:01 | ||
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Unit 5 Music
第一节 阅读理解
阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
A
If you have a long holiday to spend, where do you want to go?
Nikoi Island, Indonesia
Approximately 85km — but somehow a whole world away — from Singapore's shining skyline lies Nikoi Island. Surrounded by white sandy shorelines and vivid coral reefs, Nikoi's centre is hidden in the rainforest, resulting in amazing biodiversity (生物多样性) seen in its native plants, animal and bird life. Marrying traditional Indonesian craftsmanship with contemporary design, Nikoi boasts just 15 stilt (支柱) beach houses, all with breathtaking sea views, guaranteeing privacy and a total escape from the daily grind.
Amanpulo, Philippines
As the only property on Pamalican Island, the luxurious Amanpulo resort offers extremely impressive accommodation, with only access to over five kilometres of clean coral sand beach. Designed to resemble local Bahay Kubo homes, Amanpulo's beachside, treetop and hillside villas all feature comfortable decks with hammocks (吊床) from which to enjoy the spectacular views of the greenish-blue sea below. Fill your schedule with Amanpulo's signature — aquatic adventures (including diving, windsurfing and sailing), recharge in the award-winning spa or feast on locally caught seafood — the choice is yours.
Song Saa, Cambodia
Song Saa's incredible ocean views and breathtaking sunsets are a very typical example of the pure place. Its 24 villas — each with their own sea view private plunge pool — are designed to reflect the natural beauty of Cambodia's coastline; built from recycled wood with straw roofs and driftwood furnishings, these villas are stylish proof of Song Saa's admirable commitment to sustainability and conservation. You can choose to do as much or as little as you want here. With rainforest tours, island safaris and reef snorkeling, just some of the activities on offer showcase this spectacular destination.
1．What can we see in the center of Nikoi's Island?
A．Lands of desert.
B．Streams and rivers.
C．Tall buildings.
D．Kinds of animals and plants.
2．What can we learn about the Amanpulo's villas?
A．They are made of bricks.
B．We can have a good view of sea there.
C．They are very expensive.
D．We can learn many historic stories from them.
3．What activity can you enjoy in Song Saa?
A．Diving. B．White-water rafting.
C．Mountain-climbing. D．Rainforest tours.
B
It took multiple weddings for Christine Law to realize what she needed to do. In the summer of 2014, her schedule was packed with friends' marriage celebrations — flower-filled occasions that got her thinking, “Where do all the flowers go after the party？” More often than not, they were thrown away. Law was confident she could find a better use for them.
By August, she had a plan: convince couples and companies hosting events to donate their flowers, which she would pick up and deliver within 48 hours to seniors across the city. She wanted to bring beauty into the lives of the elderly. She drew on her experience through being a volunteer in non-profit institutions in order to set up her own organization, which she called Floranthropie. Not having enough bouquets (花束) for all 150 people of a health center, Law asked the staff to provide a list of patients who needed cheering up most. “The first woman I approached thought it was a mistake, and that the flowers couldn't possibly be for her，” says Law. “I said they were a gift, and we talked for a half hour.”
In addition to health centers, Floranthropie focuses on community groups devoted to the elderly. La?titia Thélème is a volunteer for Les Petits Fières, an organization that aims to help the elderly who don't have a support system. The group receives a dozen or so bouquets from Floranthropie monthly, and then redistributes them. “Our motto is ‘flowers before bread’，” says Thélème. “We don't focus on primary care, but rather on nourishing (滋养) the spirit. Floranthropie helps us do that. It's amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make.”
In the beginning, most of Floranthropie's donations came through word of mouth. These days, Law receives messages from strangers via her organization's Facebook page and has connected with corporations and flower wholesalers. Law hopes to expand Floranthropie nationally, but at this point is happy to be able to oversee each delivery personally.
4．What made Christine Law set up Floranthropie?
A．The waste of flowers.
B．The loneliness of seniors.
C．The persuasion of other friends.
D．The warm atmosphere of weddings.
5．What was the woman's reaction to Christine Law's flowers?
A．She was moved. B．She was excited.
C．She was worried. D．She was surprised.
6．What can we infer about Floranthropie from La?titia Thélème's words?
A．It should focus on primary care.
B．It is benefiting more than the elderly.
C．It is doing something of great importance.
D．It should cooperate with more non-profit institutions.
7．What is the best title for the text?
A．Volunteer Your Time
B．Don't Throw Flowers Away
C．Special Delivery Makes Your Day
D．Brighten Seniors' Lives With Flowers
C
Enjoying a musical performance no longer requires a costly ticket or a trip to a theater. These days, musicians are performing in private homes, at haircutting shops, at airports... even on ferry boats.
Musicians like house concerts. At music clubs, they often have to perform over loud conversation or deal with people who have had too much alcohol. People at house concerts are more focused on listening to the music.
Just a few hours before the Bombadils started singing at the O' Hair Salon, Lindsay was cutting hair and Tamera was doing facials. Then, they moved chairs and microphones to create a small performance space. The Bombadils made music in the front part of the hair salon, near the hairdryers and make-up tables.
“This is our first show at a hair salon，” Sarah Frank of the Bombadils told concertgoers at last week's performance. Frank said she and band members, Luke Fraser and Kaitlyn Raitz had a great time “interacting” with the audience.
Concerts in people's homes, or small businesses such as O' Hair's, are becoming more popular, musicians say. “There is a more relaxed atmosphere，” said Domenic Cicala, a musician who opened up his O' Hair Salon to concerts. “People really get to know the artists.”
At house concerts, people get time before and after concerts to meet the performers. Often, the hosts or guests will provide food and drink.
“People really like listening to music in the living room of a friend，” said Matt Hart, with Aubrey Zoli making up the Local Strangers, a folk-rock group based in Seattle. At many such concerts, the musicians do not need microphones. Yet, every word of their songs can be heard.
8．Why do musicians like house concerts?
A．Because private homes are easier to get to.
B．Because people pay more attention to their music.
C．Because they can do other things while performing.
D．Because they don't have to bring their microphones.
9．What impressed Sarah Frank most at her last week's performance?
A．The small performance space.
B．Her first show at a hair salon.
C．Their interaction with the audience.
D．The more relaxed atmosphere.
10．How many music groups are mentioned in the text?
A．One. B．Two.
C．Three. D．Four.
11．What may be the best title for the text?
A．Musicians struggle to make a living
B．People really get to know the artists
C．Musicians find new places to perform
D．Concertgoers won't go to music clubs
D
According to a team of researchers, an animal's ability to perceive(感知) time is linked to their pace of life.
“Our results lend support to the importance of time perception in animals where the ability to perceive time in a very short time may be the difference between life and death for fast moving creatures，” commented the lead author Kevin Healy from Trinity College Dublin.
The study was done with a variety of animals using a phenomenon based on the maximum speed of flashes of light an individual can see before the light source is seen as constant. Dogs, for example, have eyes with a refresh rate higher than humans.
One example of this phenomenon at work, the authors say, is the housefly and its ability to avoid being hit. The research shows flies observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve, which allows them to avoid being hit.
Professor Graeme Ruxton of the University of St Andrews in Scotland, who worked jointly on the research project, said in a statement, “Having eyes that send updates to the brain at much higher frequencies than our eyes do is of no value if the brain cannot process that information equally quickly, Thus, this work highlights the impressive abilities of even the smallest animal brains. Flies might not be deep thinkers, but they can make good decisions very quickly.”
In comparison, the tiger beetle (虎甲虫) runs faster than its eyes can keep up, basically becoming blind, which requires it to stop periodically to re-evaluate its prey's(猎物) position.
Our results suggest that time perception offers an as yet unstudied dimension in which animals can specialize and there is a considerable range to study this system in more detail.
12. What is the research mentioned in the passage mainly about?
A．Pace of life of animals.
B．Time perception of animals.
C．Lifetime of small animals.
D．Impressive abilities of animals.
13. What does Kevin Healy's comment mean in Para. 2?
A．The ability of animals to perceive time depends on their high moving speed.
B．The survival of fast moving animals relies on their ability to perceive time.
C．Animals with quicker pace of life have better perception of time.
D．Animals with poor ability of time perception have a shorter life.
14．Why can houseflies avoid being hit?
A．They can think very deeply before they act.
B．They can fly much faster than their eyes can keep up.
C．They can process information as quickly as they receive it.
D．They can send information to the brain more quickly than to their eyes.
15．What will a tiger beetle have to do to catch a moving prey?
A．Try to run as fast as it can.
B．Prevent itself from becoming blind.
C．Slow down to gain its time perception.
D．Stop occasionally to spot the prey again.
第二节.七选五
How I trained myself to get up earlier
I am not what you would call a morning person. I'm a writer. But getting up early has become really important for me. These are the techniques that I used to follow to learn to get up earlier：
__1__ In my case it is 6 am so that I could do a couple of hours, write my blog and catch up my email before everyone else started work.
Promise myself a reward. I always wanted to learn shooting so I promised myself I would book a day's shooting if I got up early for a month.
Get clothes, computer and breakfast ready the night before. __2__
Alarms. I set my bedside alarm for 6：00. I also set my telephone to ring at 6：05 but I put the phone on the other side of the room so that I have to get out of bed to stop it ringing.
Naps(打盹) and earlier nights. Sleep is like money in the bank. If you overdraw by getting up early, you have to pay in some other time. __3__ Also, in the long run, going to bed an hour or so earlier meant that I was getting the right amount of sleep.
Talk big widely about your new early-birdiness. __4__ My friend Stuart says “We are the stories we tell about ourselves.” If I describe myself as a punctual, early-rising, efficient robot maybe that's what I'll become.
To cut a long story short. It worked! I wake up at six, feel fresh and jump right out of bed without any alarms or bribery(贿赂)．
__5__
A．This technique works every time.
B．Decide what time I wanted to get up.
C．Initially, I did this by having short naps after lunch.
D．None of these is rocket science, but they are worth sharing.
E．It makes you feel good to tell people “Oh, I get up at 6 am.”
F．When I add blogs, it feels as if I have no free hours in the daytime.
G．I don't want to fall over everything when doing basic tasks when I'm half-asleep.
第三节 完形填空
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～20题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
If you want to learn a new language，the very first thing to think about is why.Do you need it for a 1 reason，such as your job or your studies？ 2 perhaps you're interested in the 3 ，films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a ____4____ of the language.
Most people learn best using a variety of 5 ，but traditional classes are an ideal start for many people.They 6 an environment where you can practice under the ____7____ of someone who's good at the language.We all lead 8 lives and learning a language takes 9 .You will have more success if you study regularly，so try to develop a 10 .It doesn't matter if you haven't got long.Becoming fluent in a language will take years，but learning to get by takes 11 .
Many people start learning a language and soon give up.“ I'm too 12 ，”they say.Yes，children do learn languages more 13 than adults，but research has shown that you can learn a language at any 14 .And learning is good for the health of your brain，too.I've also heard people 15 about the mistakes they make when ____16____.Well，relax and laugh about your mistakes 17 you're much less likely to make them again.
Learning a new language is never 18 .But with some work and devotion，you'll make progress.And you'll be 19 by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in 20 own language.Good luck!
1．A.technical B．political
C．practical D．physical
2．A.After B．So
C．Though D．Or
3．A.literature B．transport
C．agriculture D．medicine
4．A.view B．knowledge
C．form D．database
5．A.paintings B．regulations
C．methods D．computers
6．A.protect B．change
C．respect D．provide
7．A.control B．command
C．guidance D．pressure
8．A.busy B．happy
C．simple D．normal
9．A.courage B．time
C．energy D．place
10．A.theory B．business
C．routine D．project
11．A.some risks B．a lot less
C．some notes D．a lot more
12．A.old B．nervous
C．weak D．tired
13．A.closely B．quickly
C．privately D．quietly
14．A.age B．speed
C．distance D．school
15．A.worry B．hesitate
C．think D．quarrel
16．A.singing B．working
C．bargaining D．learning
17．A.if B．and
C．but D．before
18．A.tiresome B．hard
C．interesting D．easy
19．A.blamed B．amazed
C．interrupted D．informed
20．A.their B．his
C．our D．your
第四节 语法填空
阅读下面的短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Orville and Wilbur Wright were the two American brothers that invented the first airplane.They started out as bicycle repairmen.Soon，they became interested in different types of machines and began to learn 1.________the machines worked.They observed birds flying 2.________(get)ideas，as well as read about other inventors' attempts to make aircraft.In 1900，the brothers completed their first design of a kite glider(滑翔机) and tested 3.________in North Carolina.They tested kite gliders both with and without 4.________ pilot.
Finally，in 1903，the first engine-powered Wright Flyer 5.________(invent)．The“Wright Flyer I”had a gas engine and wooden propellers(螺旋桨)．After they 6.________(continue)improved it upon earlier designs，the brothers successfully received a patent(专利) in 1906 7.________their Flying Machine.
Modern airplanes today are very different 8.________the first Flying Machine.They fly faster，are much larger, and have television sets built in for passengers' 9.________(enjoy)．Some planes have seats 10.________lie flat to become beds and on the very newest planes，passengers can even use the Internet!
Unit 5
第一节 阅读理解
阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
A
If you have a long holiday to spend, where do you want to go?
Nikoi Island, Indonesia
Approximately 85km — but somehow a whole world away — from Singapore's shining skyline lies Nikoi Island. Surrounded by white sandy shorelines and vivid coral reefs, Nikoi's centre is hidden in the rainforest, resulting in amazing biodiversity (生物多样性) seen in its native plants, animal and bird life. Marrying traditional Indonesian craftsmanship with contemporary design, Nikoi boasts just 15 stilt (支柱) beach houses, all with breathtaking sea views, guaranteeing privacy and a total escape from the daily grind.
Amanpulo, Philippines
As the only property on Pamalican Island, the luxurious Amanpulo resort offers extremely impressive accommodation, with only access to over five kilometres of clean coral sand beach. Designed to resemble local Bahay Kubo homes, Amanpulo's beachside, treetop and hillside villas all feature comfortable decks with hammocks (吊床) from which to enjoy the spectacular views of the greenish-blue sea below. Fill your schedule with Amanpulo's signature — aquatic adventures (including diving, windsurfing and sailing), recharge in the award-winning spa or feast on locally caught seafood — the choice is yours.
Song Saa, Cambodia
Song Saa's incredible ocean views and breathtaking sunsets are a very typical example of the pure place. Its 24 villas — each with their own sea view private plunge pool — are designed to reflect the natural beauty of Cambodia's coastline; built from recycled wood with straw roofs and driftwood furnishings, these villas are stylish proof of Song Saa's admirable commitment to sustainability and conservation. You can choose to do as much or as little as you want here. With rainforest tours, island safaris and reef snorkeling, just some of the activities on offer showcase this spectacular destination.
体裁：应用文 题材：旅游 主题：旅游度假
【语篇解读】 该文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了几个旅游度假的好去处。
【难句分析】 Surrounded by white sandy shorelines and vivid coral reefs, Nikoi's centre is hidden in the rainforest, resulting in amazing biodiversity(生物多样性)seen in its native plants, animal and bird life.
分析：本句充分体现了非谓语动词的灵活运用。surround和句子的谓语hide之间没有连词，且和句子的主语Nikoi's centre构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作状语；result in和句子的谓语hide之间也没有连词，且和主句Nikoi's centre is hidden in rainforest构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作结果状语。
译文：被白色的沙滩海岸线和鲜艳的珊瑚礁所环绕的Nikoi中心隐藏在热带雨林中，由此产生了惊人的多样性的生物，包括当地的植物、动物和鸟类。
1．What can we see in the center of Nikoi's Island?
A．Lands of desert.
B．Streams and rivers.
C．Tall buildings.
D．Kinds of animals and plants.
【答案】D 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第一个旅游景点Nikoi Island, Indonesia介绍中的第二句“Surrounded by white sandy shorelines and vivid coral reefs, Niko's centre is hidden in the rainforest, resulting in amazing biodiversity(生物多样性)seen in its native plants, animal and bird life”可知，在Nikoi岛的中心可以看到多样性的生物，故选D。
2．What can we learn about the Amanpulo's villas?
A．They are made of bricks.
B．We can have a good view of sea there.
C．They are very expensive.
D．We can learn many historic stories from them.
【答案】B 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第二个旅游景点Amanpulo, Philippines介绍中的第二句“Designed to resemble local Bahay Kubo homes, Amanpulo's beachside, treetop and hillside villas all feature comfortable decks with hammocks (吊床) from which to enjoy the spectacular views of the greenish-blue sea below”可知，在Amanpulo的别墅区可以欣赏到美丽的海景，故选B。
3．What activity can you enjoy in Song Saa?
A．Diving. B．White-water rafting.
C．Mountain-climbing. D．Rainforest tours.
【答案】D 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三个旅游景点Song Saa, Cambodia介绍中的最后一句“With rainforest tours, island safaris and reef snorkeling, just some of the activities on offer showcase this spectacular destination”可知，在Song Saa可以参加热带雨林旅游活动，故选D。
B
It took multiple weddings for Christine Law to realize what she needed to do. In the summer of 2014, her schedule was packed with friends' marriage celebrations — flower-filled occasions that got her thinking, “Where do all the flowers go after the party？” More often than not, they were thrown away. Law was confident she could find a better use for them.
By August, she had a plan: convince couples and companies hosting events to donate their flowers, which she would pick up and deliver within 48 hours to seniors across the city. She wanted to bring beauty into the lives of the elderly. She drew on her experience through being a volunteer in non-profit institutions in order to set up her own organization, which she called Floranthropie. Not having enough bouquets (花束) for all 150 people of a health center, Law asked the staff to provide a list of patients who needed cheering up most. “The first woman I approached thought it was a mistake, and that the flowers couldn't possibly be for her，” says Law. “I said they were a gift, and we talked for a half hour.”
In addition to health centers, Floranthropie focuses on community groups devoted to the elderly. La?titia Thélème is a volunteer for Les Petits Fières, an organization that aims to help the elderly who don't have a support system. The group receives a dozen or so bouquets from Floranthropie monthly, and then redistributes them. “Our motto is ‘flowers before bread’，” says Thélème. “We don't focus on primary care, but rather on nourishing (滋养) the spirit. Floranthropie helps us do that. It's amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make.”
In the beginning, most of Floranthropie's donations came through word of mouth. These days, Law receives messages from strangers via her organization's Facebook page and has connected with corporations and flower wholesalers. Law hopes to expand Floranthropie nationally, but at this point is happy to be able to oversee each delivery personally.
体裁：记叙文 题材：社会生活 主题：Christine Law给老人送花
【语篇解读】 该文讲述了Christine Law把婚礼上用过的花送给老人们，为他们的生活增加美的享受，她的做法得到了很多人的支持。
【难句分析】 Not having enough bouquets (花束) for all 150 people of a health center, Law asked the staff to provide a list of patients who needed cheering up most.
分析：逗号前面部分是现在分词短语充当原因状语；逗号后面不定式充当宾语补足语；who引导定语从句；cheering up充当needed的宾语。
译文：由于没有足够的花束可以提供给健康中心的所有一百五十人，Law让员工们把最需要安慰的病人的名单提供给她。
4．What made Christine Law set up Floranthropie?
A．The waste of flowers.
B．The loneliness of seniors.
C．The persuasion of other friends.
D．The warm atmosphere of weddings.
【答案】A 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“‘Where do all the flowers go after the party？’More often than not, they were thrown away. Law was confident she could find a better use for them”可知，婚礼上使用过的花束的浪费使Christine Law成立了Floranthropie这个机构，故选A。
5．What was the woman's reaction to Christine Law's flowers?
A．She was moved. B．She was excited.
C．She was worried. D．She was surprised.
【答案】D 【解析】考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The first woman I approached thought it was a mistake, and that the flowers couldn't possibly be for her”可推知，当Christine Law给第一位女士送花时，她感到难以置信、相当惊讶，故选D。
6．What can we infer about Floranthropie from La?titia Thélème's words?
A．It should focus on primary care.
B．It is benefiting more than the elderly.
C．It is doing something of great importance.
D．It should cooperate with more non-profit institutions.
【答案】C 【解析】考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Floranthropie helps us do that. It's amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make”可推知，La?titia Thélème认为Floranthropie做的事产生了很大影响，故C项符合文意。
7．What is the best title for the text?
A．Volunteer Your Time
B．Don't Throw Flowers Away
C．Special Delivery Makes Your Day
D．Brighten Seniors' Lives With Flowers
【答案】D
【解析】考查标题判断。本文主要讲述了Christine Law为了不浪费婚礼上用过的花，把花送给老人们，给他们的生活带来了美，故D项适合作文章标题。
C
Enjoying a musical performance no longer requires a costly ticket or a trip to a theater. These days, musicians are performing in private homes, at haircutting shops, at airports... even on ferry boats.
Musicians like house concerts. At music clubs, they often have to perform over loud conversation or deal with people who have had too much alcohol. People at house concerts are more focused on listening to the music.
Just a few hours before the Bombadils started singing at the O' Hair Salon, Lindsay was cutting hair and Tamera was doing facials. Then, they moved chairs and microphones to create a small performance space. The Bombadils made music in the front part of the hair salon, near the hairdryers and make-up tables.
“This is our first show at a hair salon，” Sarah Frank of the Bombadils told concertgoers at last week's performance. Frank said she and band members, Luke Fraser and Kaitlyn Raitz had a great time “interacting” with the audience.
Concerts in people's homes, or small businesses such as O' Hair's, are becoming more popular, musicians say. “There is a more relaxed atmosphere，” said Domenic Cicala, a musician who opened up his O' Hair Salon to concerts. “People really get to know the artists.”
At house concerts, people get time before and after concerts to meet the performers. Often, the hosts or guests will provide food and drink.
“People really like listening to music in the living room of a friend，” said Matt Hart, with Aubrey Zoli making up the Local Strangers, a folk-rock group based in Seattle. At many such concerts, the musicians do not need microphones. Yet, every word of their songs can be heard.
【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了现代音乐会在举办场地的选择上更加多样化。私人居所、理发店、机场等都成为音乐家表演的场所，并且备受青睐。
8．Why do musicians like house concerts?
A．Because private homes are easier to get to.
B．Because people pay more attention to their music.
C．Because they can do other things while performing.
D．Because they don't have to bring their microphones.
【答案】B'考查推理判断。根据第二段最后一句“People at house concerts are more focused on listening to the music.”可知，音乐家喜欢家庭音乐会是因为听众会更专注于倾听音乐。故选B。
9．What impressed Sarah Frank most at her last week's performance?
A．The small performance space.
B．Her first show at a hair salon.
C．Their interaction with the audience.
D．The more relaxed atmosphere.
【答案】C'考查细节理解。根据第四段最后一句“Frank said she and band members, Luke Fraser and Kaitlyn Raitz had a great time ‘interacting’ with the audience.”可知，上周的表演给Sarah Frank留下最深刻印象的是与听众的互动，故选C。
10．How many music groups are mentioned in the text?
A．One. B．Two.
C．Three. D．Four.
【答案】B'考查细节理解。通读全文可知，本文提到了两个乐队，一个是the Bombadils, 另一个是西雅图的民谣摇滚乐队the Local Strangers，故选B。
11．What may be the best title for the text?
A．Musicians struggle to make a living
B．People really get to know the artists
C．Musicians find new places to perform
D．Concertgoers won't go to music clubs
【答案】C'考查标题判断。根据文章第一段，并结合文章的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲述了现代音乐会在举办场地的选择上更加多样化，音乐家发现了私人居所、发廊等新的场所来表演，故选C。
D
According to a team of researchers, an animal's ability to perceive(感知) time is linked to their pace of life.
“Our results lend support to the importance of time perception in animals where the ability to perceive time in a very short time may be the difference between life and death for fast moving creatures，” commented the lead author Kevin Healy from Trinity College Dublin.
The study was done with a variety of animals using a phenomenon based on the maximum speed of flashes of light an individual can see before the light source is seen as constant. Dogs, for example, have eyes with a refresh rate higher than humans.
One example of this phenomenon at work, the authors say, is the housefly and its ability to avoid being hit. The research shows flies observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve, which allows them to avoid being hit.
Professor Graeme Ruxton of the University of St Andrews in Scotland, who worked jointly on the research project, said in a statement, “Having eyes that send updates to the brain at much higher frequencies than our eyes do is of no value if the brain cannot process that information equally quickly, Thus, this work highlights the impressive abilities of even the smallest animal brains. Flies might not be deep thinkers, but they can make good decisions very quickly.”
In comparison, the tiger beetle (虎甲虫) runs faster than its eyes can keep up, basically becoming blind, which requires it to stop periodically to re-evaluate its prey's(猎物) position.
Our results suggest that time perception offers an as yet unstudied dimension in which animals can specialize and there is a considerable range to study this system in more detail.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇科普说明文。研究发现，动物感知时间的能力和它们的生活节奏有关，对于快速移动的动物来说，在短时间内感知时间的能力决定着它们的生死。文章列举了家蝇、狗和虎甲虫等动物，证明了动物感知时间的能力的重要性。
12. What is the research mentioned in the passage mainly about?
A．Pace of life of animals.
B．Time perception of animals.
C．Lifetime of small animals.
D．Impressive abilities of animals.
【答案】B'考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，“According to a team of researchers, an animal's ability to perceive(感知) time is linked to their pace of life.”为本文的主题句；结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究发现：动物感知时间的能力和它们的生活节奏有关，故B项正确。
13. What does Kevin Healy's comment mean in Para. 2?
A．The ability of animals to perceive time depends on their high moving speed.
B．The survival of fast moving animals relies on their ability to perceive time.
C．Animals with quicker pace of life have better perception of time.
D．Animals with poor ability of time perception have a shorter life.
【答案】B'考查细节理解。根据第二段Kevin Healy所说的话“Our results lend support to the importance of time perception in animals where the ability to perceive time in a very short time may be the difference between life and death for fast moving creatures.”可知，Kevin Healy认为，对于快速移动的动物来说在短时间内感知时间的能力决定着它们的生死；据此可知，该句是说快速移动的动物的生存依赖于它们对时间的感知能力，故B项正确。
14．Why can houseflies avoid being hit?
A．They can think very deeply before they act.
B．They can fly much faster than their eyes can keep up.
C．They can process information as quickly as they receive it.
D．They can send information to the brain more quickly than to their eyes.
【答案】C 考查细节理解。根据第四段的“The research shows flies observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve, which allows them to avoid being hit.”可知，家蝇能比我们在更短的时间内感知到物体的运动，这是它们得以避免被拍死的原因，故C项正确。
15．What will a tiger beetle have to do to catch a moving prey?
A．Try to run as fast as it can.
B．Prevent itself from becoming blind.
C．Slow down to gain its time perception.
D．Stop occasionally to spot the prey again.
【答案】D 考查细节理解。根据第六段“In comparison, the tiger beetle(虎甲虫) runs faster than its eyes can keep up, basically becoming blind, which requires it to stop periodically to re-evaluate its prey's(猎物) position.”可知，虎甲虫虽然奔跑的速度快，但是视力跟不上奔跑的速度，需要偶尔停下来重新确定猎物的位置，故D项正确。
第二节.七选五
How I trained myself to get up earlier
I am not what you would call a morning person. I'm a writer. But getting up early has become really important for me. These are the techniques that I used to follow to learn to get up earlier：
__1__ In my case it is 6 am so that I could do a couple of hours, write my blog and catch up my email before everyone else started work.
Promise myself a reward. I always wanted to learn shooting so I promised myself I would book a day's shooting if I got up early for a month.
Get clothes, computer and breakfast ready the night before. __2__
Alarms. I set my bedside alarm for 6：00. I also set my telephone to ring at 6：05 but I put the phone on the other side of the room so that I have to get out of bed to stop it ringing.
Naps(打盹) and earlier nights. Sleep is like money in the bank. If you overdraw by getting up early, you have to pay in some other time. __3__ Also, in the long run, going to bed an hour or so earlier meant that I was getting the right amount of sleep.
Talk big widely about your new early-birdiness. __4__ My friend Stuart says “We are the stories we tell about ourselves.” If I describe myself as a punctual, early-rising, efficient robot maybe that's what I'll become.
To cut a long story short. It worked! I wake up at six, feel fresh and jump right out of bed without any alarms or bribery(贿赂)．
__5__
A．This technique works every time.
B．Decide what time I wanted to get up.
C．Initially, I did this by having short naps after lunch.
D．None of these is rocket science, but they are worth sharing.
E．It makes you feel good to tell people “Oh, I get up at 6 am.”
F．When I add blogs, it feels as if I have no free hours in the daytime.
G．I don't want to fall over everything when doing basic tasks when I'm half-asleep.
【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了如何让自己养成早起的习惯。
1．【答案】B'根据空后的“In my case it is 6 am”可知，对我而言，这个时间就是6点。所以这一段的主题是确定想要起床的时间。
2．【答案】G'空前说到要将衣服、电脑和早餐这些东西提前准备好，故选G项。我不想在还没有完全清醒时笨手笨脚。G项中的basic tasks指代空前的“clothes, computer and breakfast”。
3．【答案】C'本段告诉我们睡眠的总时间要有保证，空前讲到提前起床失去的睡眠时间需要用其他时间来弥补。故选C项。最初，我通过午饭后小睡来弥补。
4．【答案】E'本段大意为到处宣传你起得很早对你能起到督促作用。故选E项。
5．【答案】D'本空为尾段，起到总结全文的作用。故选D项，这些建议并不难做，但值得被分享。
第三节 完形填空
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～20题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
If you want to learn a new language，the very first thing to think about is why.Do you need it for a 1 reason，such as your job or your studies？ 2 perhaps you're interested in the 3 ，films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a ____4____ of the language.
Most people learn best using a variety of 5 ，but traditional classes are an ideal start for many people.They 6 an environment where you can practice under the ____7____ of someone who's good at the language.We all lead 8 lives and learning a language takes 9 .You will have more success if you study regularly，so try to develop a 10 .It doesn't matter if you haven't got long.Becoming fluent in a language will take years，but learning to get by takes 11 .
Many people start learning a language and soon give up.“ I'm too 12 ，”they say.Yes，children do learn languages more 13 than adults，but research has shown that you can learn a language at any 14 .And learning is good for the health of your brain，too.I've also heard people 15 about the mistakes they make when ____16____.Well，relax and laugh about your mistakes 17 you're much less likely to make them again.
Learning a new language is never 18 .But with some work and devotion，you'll make progress.And you'll be 19 by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in 20 own language.Good luck!
1．A.technical B．political
C．practical D．physical
2．A.After B．So
C．Though D．Or
3．A.literature B．transport
C．agriculture D．medicine
4．A.view B．knowledge
C．form D．database
5．A.paintings B．regulations
C．methods D．computers
6．A.protect B．change
C．respect D．provide
7．A.control B．command
C．guidance D．pressure
8．A.busy B．happy
C．simple D．normal
9．A.courage B．time
C．energy D．place
10．A.theory B．business
C．routine D．project
11．A.some risks B．a lot less
C．some notes D．a lot more
12．A.old B．nervous
C．weak D．tired
13．A.closely B．quickly
C．privately D．quietly
14．A.age B．speed
C．distance D．school
15．A.worry B．hesitate
C．think D．quarrel
16．A.singing B．working
C．bargaining D．learning
17．A.if B．and
C．but D．before
18．A.tiresome B．hard
C．interesting D．easy
19．A.blamed B．amazed
C．interrupted D．informed
20．A.their B．his
C．our D．your
语篇解读：本文体裁为说明文，题材为语言学习。无论出于什么原因，无论以什么样的方式，无论从多大年龄开始，学习一种新的语言绝对不是一件容易的事情。但是当你用所学的这种新语言和别人交流，并且得到积极回应的时候，你会感到很惊喜。
1．解析：上下文语境。句意：你是出于某种实际的原因而需要学习一种新语言的吗，比如工作或学习？
答案：C
2．解析：句意：或许你对另外一个国家的文学、电影、音乐感兴趣，而且你知道掌握该语言将会有很大的帮助。or perhaps“或许”。
答案：D
3．解析：由下文“films or music”可知是同一类事物，只有literature符合。
答案：A
4．解析：have a knowledge of the language“掌握这门语言”。
答案：B
5．解析：下文说传统的课堂学习是一种理想的开始方法，所以该空应该是说大家用各种方法(methods)去学习。
答案：C
6．解析：They指的是前文中的“traditional classes”，它们提供给人们学习的环境。
答案：D
7．解析：上下文语境。“在擅长这种语言的人的指导下学习”，也就是在老师的指导下学习。under the guidance of sb.“在某人的指导下”。
答案：C
8．解析：句意：我们都过着繁忙的生活，学习语言也需要花费时间。lead a．..life＝live a．..life“过着一种……生活”。
答案：A
9．解析：见第8题解析。
答案：B
10．解析：由上文“study regularly”可知，我们尝试把它养成一种日常行为。
答案：C
11．解析：句意：要学到流利的程度需要数年的时间，但只要求说得过去，时间则可以少得多。
答案：B
12．解析：由下文可知，许多人放弃学习新的语言是因为他们觉得自己年龄太大了(old)。
答案：A
13．解析：由上文可以推断出小孩学习语言比成年人要快。
答案：B
14．解析：上文都在说小孩与成年人，所以只有age符合。at any age“在任何年龄”。
答案：A
15．解析：根据常识可知，学习一种语言的时候，人们一般都担心犯错误。worry about“担心”。hesitate about“对……犹豫不决”；think about“考虑”；quarrel about“就……争吵”。
答案：A
16．解析：原词复现。句意：我还听说人们在学习(语言)时担心他们会犯错误。
答案：D
17．解析：本句为特殊句型，“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”。句意：放松心态，自嘲自己的错误，这样你再次犯错的可能性就会大减。
答案：B
18．解析：根据文章意思可以得知学习一种新的语言绝对是不容易的事情。
答案：D
19．解析：句意：当你用他们自己的语言说了仅几个词，并且得到他们积极的回应时，你将会感到非常惊喜。blame“责备”；amaze“使惊奇”；interrupt“打断”；inform“通知”。
答案：B
20．解析：用their指代主句中的some people。
答案：A
第四节 语法填空
阅读下面的短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Orville and Wilbur Wright were the two American brothers that invented the first airplane.They started out as bicycle repairmen.Soon，they became interested in different types of machines and began to learn 1.________the machines worked.They observed birds flying 2.________(get)ideas，as well as read about other inventors' attempts to make aircraft.In 1900，the brothers completed their first design of a kite glider(滑翔机) and tested 3.________in North Carolina.They tested kite gliders both with and without 4.________ pilot.
Finally，in 1903，the first engine-powered Wright Flyer 5.________(invent)．The“Wright Flyer I”had a gas engine and wooden propellers(螺旋桨)．After they 6.________(continue)improved it upon earlier designs，the brothers successfully received a patent(专利) in 1906 7.________their Flying Machine.
Modern airplanes today are very different 8.________the first Flying Machine.They fly faster，are much larger, and have television sets built in for passengers' 9.________(enjoy)．Some planes have seats 10.________lie flat to become beds and on the very newest planes，passengers can even use the Internet!
语篇解读：本文体裁为记叙文，题材为科技发明。文章主要介绍了世界上首架飞机的发明历史。
1．解析：开始学习那些机械是怎么工作的。
答案：how
2．解析：考查不定式。...to do sth.表目的。
答案：to get
3．解析：考查代词。it指代首架滑翔机。
答案：it
4．解析：考查冠词。pilot“飞行员”前用冠词a。
答案：a
5．解析：考查动词的时态和语态。此处用过去时的被动语态。
答案：was invented
6．解析：考查词性转换。副词修饰动词improved。
答案：continuously
7．解析：考查介词。句意：……两兄弟在1906年成功地为他们的飞行器取得了专利。
答案：for
8．解析：固定搭配。be different from“与……不同”。
答案：from
9．解析：考查词性转换。此处用enjoy的名词形式。
答案：enjoyment
10．解析：关系代词引导从句。
答案：that/which
第一节 阅读理解
阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
A
If you have a long holiday to spend, where do you want to go?
Nikoi Island, Indonesia
Approximately 85km — but somehow a whole world away — from Singapore's shining skyline lies Nikoi Island. Surrounded by white sandy shorelines and vivid coral reefs, Nikoi's centre is hidden in the rainforest, resulting in amazing biodiversity (生物多样性) seen in its native plants, animal and bird life. Marrying traditional Indonesian craftsmanship with contemporary design, Nikoi boasts just 15 stilt (支柱) beach houses, all with breathtaking sea views, guaranteeing privacy and a total escape from the daily grind.
Amanpulo, Philippines
As the only property on Pamalican Island, the luxurious Amanpulo resort offers extremely impressive accommodation, with only access to over five kilometres of clean coral sand beach. Designed to resemble local Bahay Kubo homes, Amanpulo's beachside, treetop and hillside villas all feature comfortable decks with hammocks (吊床) from which to enjoy the spectacular views of the greenish-blue sea below. Fill your schedule with Amanpulo's signature — aquatic adventures (including diving, windsurfing and sailing), recharge in the award-winning spa or feast on locally caught seafood — the choice is yours.
Song Saa, Cambodia
Song Saa's incredible ocean views and breathtaking sunsets are a very typical example of the pure place. Its 24 villas — each with their own sea view private plunge pool — are designed to reflect the natural beauty of Cambodia's coastline; built from recycled wood with straw roofs and driftwood furnishings, these villas are stylish proof of Song Saa's admirable commitment to sustainability and conservation. You can choose to do as much or as little as you want here. With rainforest tours, island safaris and reef snorkeling, just some of the activities on offer showcase this spectacular destination.
1．What can we see in the center of Nikoi's Island?
A．Lands of desert.
B．Streams and rivers.
C．Tall buildings.
D．Kinds of animals and plants.
2．What can we learn about the Amanpulo's villas?
A．They are made of bricks.
B．We can have a good view of sea there.
C．They are very expensive.
D．We can learn many historic stories from them.
3．What activity can you enjoy in Song Saa?
A．Diving. B．White-water rafting.
C．Mountain-climbing. D．Rainforest tours.
B
It took multiple weddings for Christine Law to realize what she needed to do. In the summer of 2014, her schedule was packed with friends' marriage celebrations — flower-filled occasions that got her thinking, “Where do all the flowers go after the party？” More often than not, they were thrown away. Law was confident she could find a better use for them.
By August, she had a plan: convince couples and companies hosting events to donate their flowers, which she would pick up and deliver within 48 hours to seniors across the city. She wanted to bring beauty into the lives of the elderly. She drew on her experience through being a volunteer in non-profit institutions in order to set up her own organization, which she called Floranthropie. Not having enough bouquets (花束) for all 150 people of a health center, Law asked the staff to provide a list of patients who needed cheering up most. “The first woman I approached thought it was a mistake, and that the flowers couldn't possibly be for her，” says Law. “I said they were a gift, and we talked for a half hour.”
In addition to health centers, Floranthropie focuses on community groups devoted to the elderly. La?titia Thélème is a volunteer for Les Petits Fières, an organization that aims to help the elderly who don't have a support system. The group receives a dozen or so bouquets from Floranthropie monthly, and then redistributes them. “Our motto is ‘flowers before bread’，” says Thélème. “We don't focus on primary care, but rather on nourishing (滋养) the spirit. Floranthropie helps us do that. It's amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make.”
In the beginning, most of Floranthropie's donations came through word of mouth. These days, Law receives messages from strangers via her organization's Facebook page and has connected with corporations and flower wholesalers. Law hopes to expand Floranthropie nationally, but at this point is happy to be able to oversee each delivery personally.
4．What made Christine Law set up Floranthropie?
A．The waste of flowers.
B．The loneliness of seniors.
C．The persuasion of other friends.
D．The warm atmosphere of weddings.
5．What was the woman's reaction to Christine Law's flowers?
A．She was moved. B．She was excited.
C．She was worried. D．She was surprised.
6．What can we infer about Floranthropie from La?titia Thélème's words?
A．It should focus on primary care.
B．It is benefiting more than the elderly.
C．It is doing something of great importance.
D．It should cooperate with more non-profit institutions.
7．What is the best title for the text?
A．Volunteer Your Time
B．Don't Throw Flowers Away
C．Special Delivery Makes Your Day
D．Brighten Seniors' Lives With Flowers
C
Enjoying a musical performance no longer requires a costly ticket or a trip to a theater. These days, musicians are performing in private homes, at haircutting shops, at airports... even on ferry boats.
Musicians like house concerts. At music clubs, they often have to perform over loud conversation or deal with people who have had too much alcohol. People at house concerts are more focused on listening to the music.
Just a few hours before the Bombadils started singing at the O' Hair Salon, Lindsay was cutting hair and Tamera was doing facials. Then, they moved chairs and microphones to create a small performance space. The Bombadils made music in the front part of the hair salon, near the hairdryers and make-up tables.
“This is our first show at a hair salon，” Sarah Frank of the Bombadils told concertgoers at last week's performance. Frank said she and band members, Luke Fraser and Kaitlyn Raitz had a great time “interacting” with the audience.
Concerts in people's homes, or small businesses such as O' Hair's, are becoming more popular, musicians say. “There is a more relaxed atmosphere，” said Domenic Cicala, a musician who opened up his O' Hair Salon to concerts. “People really get to know the artists.”
At house concerts, people get time before and after concerts to meet the performers. Often, the hosts or guests will provide food and drink.
“People really like listening to music in the living room of a friend，” said Matt Hart, with Aubrey Zoli making up the Local Strangers, a folk-rock group based in Seattle. At many such concerts, the musicians do not need microphones. Yet, every word of their songs can be heard.
8．Why do musicians like house concerts?
A．Because private homes are easier to get to.
B．Because people pay more attention to their music.
C．Because they can do other things while performing.
D．Because they don't have to bring their microphones.
9．What impressed Sarah Frank most at her last week's performance?
A．The small performance space.
B．Her first show at a hair salon.
C．Their interaction with the audience.
D．The more relaxed atmosphere.
10．How many music groups are mentioned in the text?
A．One. B．Two.
C．Three. D．Four.
11．What may be the best title for the text?
A．Musicians struggle to make a living
B．People really get to know the artists
C．Musicians find new places to perform
D．Concertgoers won't go to music clubs
D
According to a team of researchers, an animal's ability to perceive(感知) time is linked to their pace of life.
“Our results lend support to the importance of time perception in animals where the ability to perceive time in a very short time may be the difference between life and death for fast moving creatures，” commented the lead author Kevin Healy from Trinity College Dublin.
The study was done with a variety of animals using a phenomenon based on the maximum speed of flashes of light an individual can see before the light source is seen as constant. Dogs, for example, have eyes with a refresh rate higher than humans.
One example of this phenomenon at work, the authors say, is the housefly and its ability to avoid being hit. The research shows flies observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve, which allows them to avoid being hit.
Professor Graeme Ruxton of the University of St Andrews in Scotland, who worked jointly on the research project, said in a statement, “Having eyes that send updates to the brain at much higher frequencies than our eyes do is of no value if the brain cannot process that information equally quickly, Thus, this work highlights the impressive abilities of even the smallest animal brains. Flies might not be deep thinkers, but they can make good decisions very quickly.”
In comparison, the tiger beetle (虎甲虫) runs faster than its eyes can keep up, basically becoming blind, which requires it to stop periodically to re-evaluate its prey's(猎物) position.
Our results suggest that time perception offers an as yet unstudied dimension in which animals can specialize and there is a considerable range to study this system in more detail.
12. What is the research mentioned in the passage mainly about?
A．Pace of life of animals.
B．Time perception of animals.
C．Lifetime of small animals.
D．Impressive abilities of animals.
13. What does Kevin Healy's comment mean in Para. 2?
A．The ability of animals to perceive time depends on their high moving speed.
B．The survival of fast moving animals relies on their ability to perceive time.
C．Animals with quicker pace of life have better perception of time.
D．Animals with poor ability of time perception have a shorter life.
14．Why can houseflies avoid being hit?
A．They can think very deeply before they act.
B．They can fly much faster than their eyes can keep up.
C．They can process information as quickly as they receive it.
D．They can send information to the brain more quickly than to their eyes.
15．What will a tiger beetle have to do to catch a moving prey?
A．Try to run as fast as it can.
B．Prevent itself from becoming blind.
C．Slow down to gain its time perception.
D．Stop occasionally to spot the prey again.
第二节.七选五
How I trained myself to get up earlier
I am not what you would call a morning person. I'm a writer. But getting up early has become really important for me. These are the techniques that I used to follow to learn to get up earlier：
__1__ In my case it is 6 am so that I could do a couple of hours, write my blog and catch up my email before everyone else started work.
Promise myself a reward. I always wanted to learn shooting so I promised myself I would book a day's shooting if I got up early for a month.
Get clothes, computer and breakfast ready the night before. __2__
Alarms. I set my bedside alarm for 6：00. I also set my telephone to ring at 6：05 but I put the phone on the other side of the room so that I have to get out of bed to stop it ringing.
Naps(打盹) and earlier nights. Sleep is like money in the bank. If you overdraw by getting up early, you have to pay in some other time. __3__ Also, in the long run, going to bed an hour or so earlier meant that I was getting the right amount of sleep.
Talk big widely about your new early-birdiness. __4__ My friend Stuart says “We are the stories we tell about ourselves.” If I describe myself as a punctual, early-rising, efficient robot maybe that's what I'll become.
To cut a long story short. It worked! I wake up at six, feel fresh and jump right out of bed without any alarms or bribery(贿赂)．
__5__
A．This technique works every time.
B．Decide what time I wanted to get up.
C．Initially, I did this by having short naps after lunch.
D．None of these is rocket science, but they are worth sharing.
E．It makes you feel good to tell people “Oh, I get up at 6 am.”
F．When I add blogs, it feels as if I have no free hours in the daytime.
G．I don't want to fall over everything when doing basic tasks when I'm half-asleep.
第三节 完形填空
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～20题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
If you want to learn a new language，the very first thing to think about is why.Do you need it for a 1 reason，such as your job or your studies？ 2 perhaps you're interested in the 3 ，films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a ____4____ of the language.
Most people learn best using a variety of 5 ，but traditional classes are an ideal start for many people.They 6 an environment where you can practice under the ____7____ of someone who's good at the language.We all lead 8 lives and learning a language takes 9 .You will have more success if you study regularly，so try to develop a 10 .It doesn't matter if you haven't got long.Becoming fluent in a language will take years，but learning to get by takes 11 .
Many people start learning a language and soon give up.“ I'm too 12 ，”they say.Yes，children do learn languages more 13 than adults，but research has shown that you can learn a language at any 14 .And learning is good for the health of your brain，too.I've also heard people 15 about the mistakes they make when ____16____.Well，relax and laugh about your mistakes 17 you're much less likely to make them again.
Learning a new language is never 18 .But with some work and devotion，you'll make progress.And you'll be 19 by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in 20 own language.Good luck!
1．A.technical B．political
C．practical D．physical
2．A.After B．So
C．Though D．Or
3．A.literature B．transport
C．agriculture D．medicine
4．A.view B．knowledge
C．form D．database
5．A.paintings B．regulations
C．methods D．computers
6．A.protect B．change
C．respect D．provide
7．A.control B．command
C．guidance D．pressure
8．A.busy B．happy
C．simple D．normal
9．A.courage B．time
C．energy D．place
10．A.theory B．business
C．routine D．project
11．A.some risks B．a lot less
C．some notes D．a lot more
12．A.old B．nervous
C．weak D．tired
13．A.closely B．quickly
C．privately D．quietly
14．A.age B．speed
C．distance D．school
15．A.worry B．hesitate
C．think D．quarrel
16．A.singing B．working
C．bargaining D．learning
17．A.if B．and
C．but D．before
18．A.tiresome B．hard
C．interesting D．easy
19．A.blamed B．amazed
C．interrupted D．informed
20．A.their B．his
C．our D．your
第四节 语法填空
阅读下面的短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Orville and Wilbur Wright were the two American brothers that invented the first airplane.They started out as bicycle repairmen.Soon，they became interested in different types of machines and began to learn 1.________the machines worked.They observed birds flying 2.________(get)ideas，as well as read about other inventors' attempts to make aircraft.In 1900，the brothers completed their first design of a kite glider(滑翔机) and tested 3.________in North Carolina.They tested kite gliders both with and without 4.________ pilot.
Finally，in 1903，the first engine-powered Wright Flyer 5.________(invent)．The“Wright Flyer I”had a gas engine and wooden propellers(螺旋桨)．After they 6.________(continue)improved it upon earlier designs，the brothers successfully received a patent(专利) in 1906 7.________their Flying Machine.
Modern airplanes today are very different 8.________the first Flying Machine.They fly faster，are much larger, and have television sets built in for passengers' 9.________(enjoy)．Some planes have seats 10.________lie flat to become beds and on the very newest planes，passengers can even use the Internet!
Unit 5
第一节 阅读理解
阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
A
If you have a long holiday to spend, where do you want to go?
Nikoi Island, Indonesia
Approximately 85km — but somehow a whole world away — from Singapore's shining skyline lies Nikoi Island. Surrounded by white sandy shorelines and vivid coral reefs, Nikoi's centre is hidden in the rainforest, resulting in amazing biodiversity (生物多样性) seen in its native plants, animal and bird life. Marrying traditional Indonesian craftsmanship with contemporary design, Nikoi boasts just 15 stilt (支柱) beach houses, all with breathtaking sea views, guaranteeing privacy and a total escape from the daily grind.
Amanpulo, Philippines
As the only property on Pamalican Island, the luxurious Amanpulo resort offers extremely impressive accommodation, with only access to over five kilometres of clean coral sand beach. Designed to resemble local Bahay Kubo homes, Amanpulo's beachside, treetop and hillside villas all feature comfortable decks with hammocks (吊床) from which to enjoy the spectacular views of the greenish-blue sea below. Fill your schedule with Amanpulo's signature — aquatic adventures (including diving, windsurfing and sailing), recharge in the award-winning spa or feast on locally caught seafood — the choice is yours.
Song Saa, Cambodia
Song Saa's incredible ocean views and breathtaking sunsets are a very typical example of the pure place. Its 24 villas — each with their own sea view private plunge pool — are designed to reflect the natural beauty of Cambodia's coastline; built from recycled wood with straw roofs and driftwood furnishings, these villas are stylish proof of Song Saa's admirable commitment to sustainability and conservation. You can choose to do as much or as little as you want here. With rainforest tours, island safaris and reef snorkeling, just some of the activities on offer showcase this spectacular destination.
体裁：应用文 题材：旅游 主题：旅游度假
【语篇解读】 该文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了几个旅游度假的好去处。
【难句分析】 Surrounded by white sandy shorelines and vivid coral reefs, Nikoi's centre is hidden in the rainforest, resulting in amazing biodiversity(生物多样性)seen in its native plants, animal and bird life.
分析：本句充分体现了非谓语动词的灵活运用。surround和句子的谓语hide之间没有连词，且和句子的主语Nikoi's centre构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作状语；result in和句子的谓语hide之间也没有连词，且和主句Nikoi's centre is hidden in rainforest构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作结果状语。
译文：被白色的沙滩海岸线和鲜艳的珊瑚礁所环绕的Nikoi中心隐藏在热带雨林中，由此产生了惊人的多样性的生物，包括当地的植物、动物和鸟类。
1．What can we see in the center of Nikoi's Island?
A．Lands of desert.
B．Streams and rivers.
C．Tall buildings.
D．Kinds of animals and plants.
【答案】D 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第一个旅游景点Nikoi Island, Indonesia介绍中的第二句“Surrounded by white sandy shorelines and vivid coral reefs, Niko's centre is hidden in the rainforest, resulting in amazing biodiversity(生物多样性)seen in its native plants, animal and bird life”可知，在Nikoi岛的中心可以看到多样性的生物，故选D。
2．What can we learn about the Amanpulo's villas?
A．They are made of bricks.
B．We can have a good view of sea there.
C．They are very expensive.
D．We can learn many historic stories from them.
【答案】B 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第二个旅游景点Amanpulo, Philippines介绍中的第二句“Designed to resemble local Bahay Kubo homes, Amanpulo's beachside, treetop and hillside villas all feature comfortable decks with hammocks (吊床) from which to enjoy the spectacular views of the greenish-blue sea below”可知，在Amanpulo的别墅区可以欣赏到美丽的海景，故选B。
3．What activity can you enjoy in Song Saa?
A．Diving. B．White-water rafting.
C．Mountain-climbing. D．Rainforest tours.
【答案】D 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三个旅游景点Song Saa, Cambodia介绍中的最后一句“With rainforest tours, island safaris and reef snorkeling, just some of the activities on offer showcase this spectacular destination”可知，在Song Saa可以参加热带雨林旅游活动，故选D。
B
It took multiple weddings for Christine Law to realize what she needed to do. In the summer of 2014, her schedule was packed with friends' marriage celebrations — flower-filled occasions that got her thinking, “Where do all the flowers go after the party？” More often than not, they were thrown away. Law was confident she could find a better use for them.
By August, she had a plan: convince couples and companies hosting events to donate their flowers, which she would pick up and deliver within 48 hours to seniors across the city. She wanted to bring beauty into the lives of the elderly. She drew on her experience through being a volunteer in non-profit institutions in order to set up her own organization, which she called Floranthropie. Not having enough bouquets (花束) for all 150 people of a health center, Law asked the staff to provide a list of patients who needed cheering up most. “The first woman I approached thought it was a mistake, and that the flowers couldn't possibly be for her，” says Law. “I said they were a gift, and we talked for a half hour.”
In addition to health centers, Floranthropie focuses on community groups devoted to the elderly. La?titia Thélème is a volunteer for Les Petits Fières, an organization that aims to help the elderly who don't have a support system. The group receives a dozen or so bouquets from Floranthropie monthly, and then redistributes them. “Our motto is ‘flowers before bread’，” says Thélème. “We don't focus on primary care, but rather on nourishing (滋养) the spirit. Floranthropie helps us do that. It's amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make.”
In the beginning, most of Floranthropie's donations came through word of mouth. These days, Law receives messages from strangers via her organization's Facebook page and has connected with corporations and flower wholesalers. Law hopes to expand Floranthropie nationally, but at this point is happy to be able to oversee each delivery personally.
体裁：记叙文 题材：社会生活 主题：Christine Law给老人送花
【语篇解读】 该文讲述了Christine Law把婚礼上用过的花送给老人们，为他们的生活增加美的享受，她的做法得到了很多人的支持。
【难句分析】 Not having enough bouquets (花束) for all 150 people of a health center, Law asked the staff to provide a list of patients who needed cheering up most.
分析：逗号前面部分是现在分词短语充当原因状语；逗号后面不定式充当宾语补足语；who引导定语从句；cheering up充当needed的宾语。
译文：由于没有足够的花束可以提供给健康中心的所有一百五十人，Law让员工们把最需要安慰的病人的名单提供给她。
4．What made Christine Law set up Floranthropie?
A．The waste of flowers.
B．The loneliness of seniors.
C．The persuasion of other friends.
D．The warm atmosphere of weddings.
【答案】A 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“‘Where do all the flowers go after the party？’More often than not, they were thrown away. Law was confident she could find a better use for them”可知，婚礼上使用过的花束的浪费使Christine Law成立了Floranthropie这个机构，故选A。
5．What was the woman's reaction to Christine Law's flowers?
A．She was moved. B．She was excited.
C．She was worried. D．She was surprised.
【答案】D 【解析】考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The first woman I approached thought it was a mistake, and that the flowers couldn't possibly be for her”可推知，当Christine Law给第一位女士送花时，她感到难以置信、相当惊讶，故选D。
6．What can we infer about Floranthropie from La?titia Thélème's words?
A．It should focus on primary care.
B．It is benefiting more than the elderly.
C．It is doing something of great importance.
D．It should cooperate with more non-profit institutions.
【答案】C 【解析】考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Floranthropie helps us do that. It's amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make”可推知，La?titia Thélème认为Floranthropie做的事产生了很大影响，故C项符合文意。
7．What is the best title for the text?
A．Volunteer Your Time
B．Don't Throw Flowers Away
C．Special Delivery Makes Your Day
D．Brighten Seniors' Lives With Flowers
【答案】D
【解析】考查标题判断。本文主要讲述了Christine Law为了不浪费婚礼上用过的花，把花送给老人们，给他们的生活带来了美，故D项适合作文章标题。
C
Enjoying a musical performance no longer requires a costly ticket or a trip to a theater. These days, musicians are performing in private homes, at haircutting shops, at airports... even on ferry boats.
Musicians like house concerts. At music clubs, they often have to perform over loud conversation or deal with people who have had too much alcohol. People at house concerts are more focused on listening to the music.
Just a few hours before the Bombadils started singing at the O' Hair Salon, Lindsay was cutting hair and Tamera was doing facials. Then, they moved chairs and microphones to create a small performance space. The Bombadils made music in the front part of the hair salon, near the hairdryers and make-up tables.
“This is our first show at a hair salon，” Sarah Frank of the Bombadils told concertgoers at last week's performance. Frank said she and band members, Luke Fraser and Kaitlyn Raitz had a great time “interacting” with the audience.
Concerts in people's homes, or small businesses such as O' Hair's, are becoming more popular, musicians say. “There is a more relaxed atmosphere，” said Domenic Cicala, a musician who opened up his O' Hair Salon to concerts. “People really get to know the artists.”
At house concerts, people get time before and after concerts to meet the performers. Often, the hosts or guests will provide food and drink.
“People really like listening to music in the living room of a friend，” said Matt Hart, with Aubrey Zoli making up the Local Strangers, a folk-rock group based in Seattle. At many such concerts, the musicians do not need microphones. Yet, every word of their songs can be heard.
【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了现代音乐会在举办场地的选择上更加多样化。私人居所、理发店、机场等都成为音乐家表演的场所，并且备受青睐。
8．Why do musicians like house concerts?
A．Because private homes are easier to get to.
B．Because people pay more attention to their music.
C．Because they can do other things while performing.
D．Because they don't have to bring their microphones.
【答案】B'考查推理判断。根据第二段最后一句“People at house concerts are more focused on listening to the music.”可知，音乐家喜欢家庭音乐会是因为听众会更专注于倾听音乐。故选B。
9．What impressed Sarah Frank most at her last week's performance?
A．The small performance space.
B．Her first show at a hair salon.
C．Their interaction with the audience.
D．The more relaxed atmosphere.
【答案】C'考查细节理解。根据第四段最后一句“Frank said she and band members, Luke Fraser and Kaitlyn Raitz had a great time ‘interacting’ with the audience.”可知，上周的表演给Sarah Frank留下最深刻印象的是与听众的互动，故选C。
10．How many music groups are mentioned in the text?
A．One. B．Two.
C．Three. D．Four.
【答案】B'考查细节理解。通读全文可知，本文提到了两个乐队，一个是the Bombadils, 另一个是西雅图的民谣摇滚乐队the Local Strangers，故选B。
11．What may be the best title for the text?
A．Musicians struggle to make a living
B．People really get to know the artists
C．Musicians find new places to perform
D．Concertgoers won't go to music clubs
【答案】C'考查标题判断。根据文章第一段，并结合文章的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲述了现代音乐会在举办场地的选择上更加多样化，音乐家发现了私人居所、发廊等新的场所来表演，故选C。
D
According to a team of researchers, an animal's ability to perceive(感知) time is linked to their pace of life.
“Our results lend support to the importance of time perception in animals where the ability to perceive time in a very short time may be the difference between life and death for fast moving creatures，” commented the lead author Kevin Healy from Trinity College Dublin.
The study was done with a variety of animals using a phenomenon based on the maximum speed of flashes of light an individual can see before the light source is seen as constant. Dogs, for example, have eyes with a refresh rate higher than humans.
One example of this phenomenon at work, the authors say, is the housefly and its ability to avoid being hit. The research shows flies observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve, which allows them to avoid being hit.
Professor Graeme Ruxton of the University of St Andrews in Scotland, who worked jointly on the research project, said in a statement, “Having eyes that send updates to the brain at much higher frequencies than our eyes do is of no value if the brain cannot process that information equally quickly, Thus, this work highlights the impressive abilities of even the smallest animal brains. Flies might not be deep thinkers, but they can make good decisions very quickly.”
In comparison, the tiger beetle (虎甲虫) runs faster than its eyes can keep up, basically becoming blind, which requires it to stop periodically to re-evaluate its prey's(猎物) position.
Our results suggest that time perception offers an as yet unstudied dimension in which animals can specialize and there is a considerable range to study this system in more detail.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇科普说明文。研究发现，动物感知时间的能力和它们的生活节奏有关，对于快速移动的动物来说，在短时间内感知时间的能力决定着它们的生死。文章列举了家蝇、狗和虎甲虫等动物，证明了动物感知时间的能力的重要性。
12. What is the research mentioned in the passage mainly about?
A．Pace of life of animals.
B．Time perception of animals.
C．Lifetime of small animals.
D．Impressive abilities of animals.
【答案】B'考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，“According to a team of researchers, an animal's ability to perceive(感知) time is linked to their pace of life.”为本文的主题句；结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究发现：动物感知时间的能力和它们的生活节奏有关，故B项正确。
13. What does Kevin Healy's comment mean in Para. 2?
A．The ability of animals to perceive time depends on their high moving speed.
B．The survival of fast moving animals relies on their ability to perceive time.
C．Animals with quicker pace of life have better perception of time.
D．Animals with poor ability of time perception have a shorter life.
【答案】B'考查细节理解。根据第二段Kevin Healy所说的话“Our results lend support to the importance of time perception in animals where the ability to perceive time in a very short time may be the difference between life and death for fast moving creatures.”可知，Kevin Healy认为，对于快速移动的动物来说在短时间内感知时间的能力决定着它们的生死；据此可知，该句是说快速移动的动物的生存依赖于它们对时间的感知能力，故B项正确。
14．Why can houseflies avoid being hit?
A．They can think very deeply before they act.
B．They can fly much faster than their eyes can keep up.
C．They can process information as quickly as they receive it.
D．They can send information to the brain more quickly than to their eyes.
【答案】C 考查细节理解。根据第四段的“The research shows flies observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve, which allows them to avoid being hit.”可知，家蝇能比我们在更短的时间内感知到物体的运动，这是它们得以避免被拍死的原因，故C项正确。
15．What will a tiger beetle have to do to catch a moving prey?
A．Try to run as fast as it can.
B．Prevent itself from becoming blind.
C．Slow down to gain its time perception.
D．Stop occasionally to spot the prey again.
【答案】D 考查细节理解。根据第六段“In comparison, the tiger beetle(虎甲虫) runs faster than its eyes can keep up, basically becoming blind, which requires it to stop periodically to re-evaluate its prey's(猎物) position.”可知，虎甲虫虽然奔跑的速度快，但是视力跟不上奔跑的速度，需要偶尔停下来重新确定猎物的位置，故D项正确。
第二节.七选五
How I trained myself to get up earlier
I am not what you would call a morning person. I'm a writer. But getting up early has become really important for me. These are the techniques that I used to follow to learn to get up earlier：
__1__ In my case it is 6 am so that I could do a couple of hours, write my blog and catch up my email before everyone else started work.
Promise myself a reward. I always wanted to learn shooting so I promised myself I would book a day's shooting if I got up early for a month.
Get clothes, computer and breakfast ready the night before. __2__
Alarms. I set my bedside alarm for 6：00. I also set my telephone to ring at 6：05 but I put the phone on the other side of the room so that I have to get out of bed to stop it ringing.
Naps(打盹) and earlier nights. Sleep is like money in the bank. If you overdraw by getting up early, you have to pay in some other time. __3__ Also, in the long run, going to bed an hour or so earlier meant that I was getting the right amount of sleep.
Talk big widely about your new early-birdiness. __4__ My friend Stuart says “We are the stories we tell about ourselves.” If I describe myself as a punctual, early-rising, efficient robot maybe that's what I'll become.
To cut a long story short. It worked! I wake up at six, feel fresh and jump right out of bed without any alarms or bribery(贿赂)．
__5__
A．This technique works every time.
B．Decide what time I wanted to get up.
C．Initially, I did this by having short naps after lunch.
D．None of these is rocket science, but they are worth sharing.
E．It makes you feel good to tell people “Oh, I get up at 6 am.”
F．When I add blogs, it feels as if I have no free hours in the daytime.
G．I don't want to fall over everything when doing basic tasks when I'm half-asleep.
【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了如何让自己养成早起的习惯。
1．【答案】B'根据空后的“In my case it is 6 am”可知，对我而言，这个时间就是6点。所以这一段的主题是确定想要起床的时间。
2．【答案】G'空前说到要将衣服、电脑和早餐这些东西提前准备好，故选G项。我不想在还没有完全清醒时笨手笨脚。G项中的basic tasks指代空前的“clothes, computer and breakfast”。
3．【答案】C'本段告诉我们睡眠的总时间要有保证，空前讲到提前起床失去的睡眠时间需要用其他时间来弥补。故选C项。最初，我通过午饭后小睡来弥补。
4．【答案】E'本段大意为到处宣传你起得很早对你能起到督促作用。故选E项。
5．【答案】D'本空为尾段，起到总结全文的作用。故选D项，这些建议并不难做，但值得被分享。
第三节 完形填空
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～20题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
If you want to learn a new language，the very first thing to think about is why.Do you need it for a 1 reason，such as your job or your studies？ 2 perhaps you're interested in the 3 ，films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a ____4____ of the language.
Most people learn best using a variety of 5 ，but traditional classes are an ideal start for many people.They 6 an environment where you can practice under the ____7____ of someone who's good at the language.We all lead 8 lives and learning a language takes 9 .You will have more success if you study regularly，so try to develop a 10 .It doesn't matter if you haven't got long.Becoming fluent in a language will take years，but learning to get by takes 11 .
Many people start learning a language and soon give up.“ I'm too 12 ，”they say.Yes，children do learn languages more 13 than adults，but research has shown that you can learn a language at any 14 .And learning is good for the health of your brain，too.I've also heard people 15 about the mistakes they make when ____16____.Well，relax and laugh about your mistakes 17 you're much less likely to make them again.
Learning a new language is never 18 .But with some work and devotion，you'll make progress.And you'll be 19 by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in 20 own language.Good luck!
1．A.technical B．political
C．practical D．physical
2．A.After B．So
C．Though D．Or
3．A.literature B．transport
C．agriculture D．medicine
4．A.view B．knowledge
C．form D．database
5．A.paintings B．regulations
C．methods D．computers
6．A.protect B．change
C．respect D．provide
7．A.control B．command
C．guidance D．pressure
8．A.busy B．happy
C．simple D．normal
9．A.courage B．time
C．energy D．place
10．A.theory B．business
C．routine D．project
11．A.some risks B．a lot less
C．some notes D．a lot more
12．A.old B．nervous
C．weak D．tired
13．A.closely B．quickly
C．privately D．quietly
14．A.age B．speed
C．distance D．school
15．A.worry B．hesitate
C．think D．quarrel
16．A.singing B．working
C．bargaining D．learning
17．A.if B．and
C．but D．before
18．A.tiresome B．hard
C．interesting D．easy
19．A.blamed B．amazed
C．interrupted D．informed
20．A.their B．his
C．our D．your
语篇解读：本文体裁为说明文，题材为语言学习。无论出于什么原因，无论以什么样的方式，无论从多大年龄开始，学习一种新的语言绝对不是一件容易的事情。但是当你用所学的这种新语言和别人交流，并且得到积极回应的时候，你会感到很惊喜。
1．解析：上下文语境。句意：你是出于某种实际的原因而需要学习一种新语言的吗，比如工作或学习？
答案：C
2．解析：句意：或许你对另外一个国家的文学、电影、音乐感兴趣，而且你知道掌握该语言将会有很大的帮助。or perhaps“或许”。
答案：D
3．解析：由下文“films or music”可知是同一类事物，只有literature符合。
答案：A
4．解析：have a knowledge of the language“掌握这门语言”。
答案：B
5．解析：下文说传统的课堂学习是一种理想的开始方法，所以该空应该是说大家用各种方法(methods)去学习。
答案：C
6．解析：They指的是前文中的“traditional classes”，它们提供给人们学习的环境。
答案：D
7．解析：上下文语境。“在擅长这种语言的人的指导下学习”，也就是在老师的指导下学习。under the guidance of sb.“在某人的指导下”。
答案：C
8．解析：句意：我们都过着繁忙的生活，学习语言也需要花费时间。lead a．..life＝live a．..life“过着一种……生活”。
答案：A
9．解析：见第8题解析。
答案：B
10．解析：由上文“study regularly”可知，我们尝试把它养成一种日常行为。
答案：C
11．解析：句意：要学到流利的程度需要数年的时间，但只要求说得过去，时间则可以少得多。
答案：B
12．解析：由下文可知，许多人放弃学习新的语言是因为他们觉得自己年龄太大了(old)。
答案：A
13．解析：由上文可以推断出小孩学习语言比成年人要快。
答案：B
14．解析：上文都在说小孩与成年人，所以只有age符合。at any age“在任何年龄”。
答案：A
15．解析：根据常识可知，学习一种语言的时候，人们一般都担心犯错误。worry about“担心”。hesitate about“对……犹豫不决”；think about“考虑”；quarrel about“就……争吵”。
答案：A
16．解析：原词复现。句意：我还听说人们在学习(语言)时担心他们会犯错误。
答案：D
17．解析：本句为特殊句型，“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”。句意：放松心态，自嘲自己的错误，这样你再次犯错的可能性就会大减。
答案：B
18．解析：根据文章意思可以得知学习一种新的语言绝对是不容易的事情。
答案：D
19．解析：句意：当你用他们自己的语言说了仅几个词，并且得到他们积极的回应时，你将会感到非常惊喜。blame“责备”；amaze“使惊奇”；interrupt“打断”；inform“通知”。
答案：B
20．解析：用their指代主句中的some people。
答案：A
第四节 语法填空
阅读下面的短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Orville and Wilbur Wright were the two American brothers that invented the first airplane.They started out as bicycle repairmen.Soon，they became interested in different types of machines and began to learn 1.________the machines worked.They observed birds flying 2.________(get)ideas，as well as read about other inventors' attempts to make aircraft.In 1900，the brothers completed their first design of a kite glider(滑翔机) and tested 3.________in North Carolina.They tested kite gliders both with and without 4.________ pilot.
Finally，in 1903，the first engine-powered Wright Flyer 5.________(invent)．The“Wright Flyer I”had a gas engine and wooden propellers(螺旋桨)．After they 6.________(continue)improved it upon earlier designs，the brothers successfully received a patent(专利) in 1906 7.________their Flying Machine.
Modern airplanes today are very different 8.________the first Flying Machine.They fly faster，are much larger, and have television sets built in for passengers' 9.________(enjoy)．Some planes have seats 10.________lie flat to become beds and on the very newest planes，passengers can even use the Internet!
语篇解读：本文体裁为记叙文，题材为科技发明。文章主要介绍了世界上首架飞机的发明历史。
1．解析：开始学习那些机械是怎么工作的。
答案：how
2．解析：考查不定式。...to do sth.表目的。
答案：to get
3．解析：考查代词。it指代首架滑翔机。
答案：it
4．解析：考查冠词。pilot“飞行员”前用冠词a。
答案：a
5．解析：考查动词的时态和语态。此处用过去时的被动语态。
答案：was invented
6．解析：考查词性转换。副词修饰动词improved。
答案：continuously
7．解析：考查介词。句意：……两兄弟在1906年成功地为他们的飞行器取得了专利。
答案：for
8．解析：固定搭配。be different from“与……不同”。
答案：from
9．解析：考查词性转换。此处用enjoy的名词形式。
答案：enjoyment
10．解析：关系代词引导从句。
答案：that/which