202届中考语法专项复习之定语从句及练习题

定语从句
观察下列一组句子：
I know the most beautiful girl.
I know the girl who is the most beautiful.

【句子成分分析】
I know the girl who is the most beautiful.
the girl:
who:
is…class:

一、定义
在复合句中，用来修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词、代词叫先行词。定语从句放在先行词之后。
I like music that I can dance to.
先行词（物） ↘引导词
She is a girl ( who has long hair.)
先行词（人） ↘引导词

二、引导词
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系代词who，whom，that，which，whose或
关系副词when，where，why等引出。

【例1】?---- Do you know Mo Yan?
------ Of course. He is the famous writer ______won the Nobel Prize in 2012.
A．who? B．whom? C．which D. where

who代替的先行词是指人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如：
Is he the man who wants to see you？他是想见你的那个人吗？
He is the man who/whom I saw yesterday. 他是昨天我看到的那个人。
从句中缺少宾语，引导词可用who或whom，如：
Is this the man with ______ you went to the zoo yesterday?
A. who B. whom C. which
He is a man _______ we can learn.
A. whom B. from which C. from whom
先行词是人，且介词提前用whom

【练一练】He is a boy（______ is confident.）
(The boy is confident.)
主语
He is the teacher for _____ you are waiting.
(介词提前)
He is the teacher ( ______ you are waiting for.)
(You are waiting for the teacher)
宾语
A. who B. whom C. whose

先行词是人：①引导词在句中作主语，引导词用who
②引导词在句中作宾语，引导词用whom

【解题关键步骤】
1. 确定主句和从句
2. 从句缺少的是主语还是宾语
3. 判断先行词是指人还是指物



【练一练】
1. Is this the man ______ you talk to yesterday?
A. who B. what C. which
2. He is the man _______ teaches us English.
A. who B. from which C. which

【例2】?Please pass me the cartoon book ______has a Mickey Mouse on the cover.
A．whom? B．whose? C．who? D．which
解析：先行词是book，指物，因此关系词用which.

which代替的先行词是指代事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如：
(1) Mary likes music _______ is quiet and gentle.
玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。
(2) The coat _________ I put on the desk is blue.
我放桌子上的外套是蓝色的。

[练一练]
1. 这产自杭州的丝绸卖得很好。
The silk sells well _________________________________.
2. It’s the tornado ______ is called Rainbow.
A. who B. for which C. which D. why

【例3】The people _______ come to visit GZ would like to go there for shopping
A. what B. which C. that D. where
This is the lesson _____ we learned yesterday
A. who B. what C. that D. where
“万能that”既指人又指物，既可以充当主语，又可以充当宾语


[练习]
1. The stories ______ were written by Mark Twain are often humorous.
A. that B. those C. who D. what
2. The question _____ I find in the newspaper was a common problem among teenagers.
A. when B. who C. that D. where

【that的特殊用法】
只能使用that 的情况：
1. I’m sure she has something ______ you can borrow.
先行词为：all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much, few等不定代词时

2. I’ve read all the books ________ are not mine.
先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时

3. This is the first book ________ he was read.
先行词被序数词和最高级修饰时

4. There are some books and a man ________I have seen.
先行词既有人也有物

【例4】Please help that boy _________ hair is red.
A. who B. which C. that D. whose
whose用来指人或物。(只用作定语),表示“…的”，如：
Please pass me the book _________ cover is green.
A. which B. who C. that D. whose







三、课堂小结
连词 指代的内容 充当的成分
who
whom
which
that
whose








|四。练习题
1.[2019·铜仁]—What are you doing?
—We are talking about the books and writers　　　　 we like.
A.that B.which C.who D.whom
2.[2019·长沙]China is getting better at making hi-tech products 　　　　can be bought in all parts of the world.
A.who B.which C.what
3.[2019·鄂州]—Do you like the weekly talk show TheReader on CCTV?
—Sure.It’s a great TV program 　　　　can develop the habit of reading.
A.who B.that C.what D.whose
4.[2019·哈尔滨]—Have you got ready for the soccer game?
—Yes, I’ve done everything 　　　　I can to win the game.
A.who B.that C.which
5.[2019·天水]—Have you seen the film TheWanderingEarth(《流浪地球》)?
—Yes.It’s the best one 　　　　I have ever seen.
A.that B.which
C.what D.it
6.You are talented young adults 　　　　are full of hope for the future.
A.which B.when C.who D.where
7.That’s the boy 　　　　won the first prize in the competition yesterday.
A.who B.which C.whom
8.Kids, I hope you’ll remember the good old days 　　　　we spent together in junior high though it’s time to say goodbye.
A.who B.what C.which
9.We are talking about the piano and the pianist 　　　　were in the concert last night.
A.that B.which C.who D.whom
10.—Is this the new dictionary 　　　　you got yesterday??
—Yes.Now it’s very convenient for me to look up words.
A.that B.why C.what
11.—I hear that Lucy’s uncle is a worker here.
—Yes.Look, the man 　　　　is working over there is her uncle.
A.whom B.who C.what D.which
12.My grandparents like stories 　　　　have happy endings.
A.they B.who C.which D./
13.—What are you looking for?
—I’m looking for the book 　　　　you lent me yesterday.
A.what B.who C.when D./
14.Do you know the girl 　　　　is drawing a picture??
A.whom B.whose C.which D.who
15.I’d like to tell you about the table manners 　　　　you should know when you visit Korea.
A.which B.who C.what D.how















【参考答案】
|定语从句|
1.A　考查定语从句。句意:“你们在干什么呀?”“我们在谈论我们喜欢的书和作家。”定语从句的先行词是books and writers,既有物又有人,所以引导词应该用that。故选A。
2.B　考查定语从句。句意:中国更擅长制造能在世界各地买到的高科技产品。先行词为hi-tech products,在从句中作主语。故选B。
3.B　考查定语从句。先行词TV program为事物,定语从句关系代词用that或which。故选B。
4.B　考查定语从句。先行词everything为不定代词,当先行词为不定代词时,关系代词常用that。故选B。
5.A　考查定语从句。先行词被最高级best修饰,关系代词只能用that。故选A。
6.C
7.A　考查定语从句。先行词the boy表示人,引导词在定语从句中作主语。故选A。
8.C　考查定语从句。句意:孩子们,尽管到了我们说再见的时候了,我希望你们将记得我们在初中一起度过的美好旧时光。先行词days指物,且在从句中充当spent的宾语。故选C。
9.A　考查定语从句。本句为定语从句,先行词是the piano and the pianist,既有人又有物,故应使用关系代词that。故选A。
10.A　考查定语从句。先行词为new dictionary,指物,其关系代词只能用that/which。故选A。
11.B　考查定语从句。此定语从句中,先行词是the man,指人,并在从句中作主语,所以用who。故选B。
12.C　考查定语从句。句意:我爷爷奶奶喜欢有快乐结局的故事。分析句子结构可知,stories是先行词,表示物,应用关系代词which。故选C。
13.D　14.D　15.A





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