(共11张PPT)
语法专题（四）
数 词
第五篇 语法突破
考点一 基数词
1. 基数词的基本形式
(1)1—12独立成词,需逐个记忆。
(2)13—19的基数词以-teen结尾。尤其要注意thirteen, fifteen, eighteen的正确拼写。
(3)表示“整十”的基数词(20—90)都以-ty结尾。其中要特别注意twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, eighty, ninety的正确拼写。
(4)hundred, thousand, million, billion等词前有具体数字时,不能加-s,也不与of连用; 无具体数字时,要加-s,且与of连用。
2. 基数词的其他表达形式
(1)21—99的写法是在十位和个位中间加连字符号“-”。
36—thirty-six 97—ninety-seven
(2)101—999的构成是百位和十位之间(若十位为零,则在百位和个位之间)用and连接。
601—six hundred and one
755—seven hundred and fifty-five
(3)四位数或者四位数以上的基数词的拼写规律:从右往左每三位加一个逗号,第一个逗号读作thousand(千),第二个逗号读作million(百万),第三个逗号读作billion(十亿)。
94,295—ninety-four thousand two hundred and ninety-five
(4)“基数词-单数名词”相当于复合形容词,只能作定语,用于表示时间、距离等。
a ten-minute walk 步行10分钟的路程
(5)“基数词+more”与“another+基数词”意义相同,表示“再……;另外
……”。
two more days=another two days 另外两天
考点二 序数词
第一到第十 第十一到第十九 第二十以上
first-1st eleventh-11th twentieth-20th
second-2nd twelfth-12th thirtieth-30th
third-3rd thirteenth-13th fortieth-40th
fourth-4th fourteenth-14th fiftieth-50th
fifth-5th fifteenth-15th sixtieth-60th
sixth-6th sixteenth-16th seventieth-70th
seventh-7th seventeenth-17th eightieth-80th
eighth-8th eighteenth-18th ninetieth-90th
ninth-9th nineteenth-19th hundredth-100th
tenth-10th thousandth-1000th
【巧学妙记】
基变序,有规律,词尾加上-th;
一、二、三,特殊记,结尾字母t, d, d(first, second, third);
8去t(eighth), 9去e(ninth), ve要用f替(fifth, twelfth);
遇y变ie,然后再加-th;
遇到“几十几”,只变个位就可以。
考点三 数词的表达方式
March 12, 2018 2018年3月12日
one third 三分之一
two thirds 三分之二
five (o'clock) 5点钟
five past seven 7点5分
twenty to eight 7点40分
Page 62/the sixty-second page 第62页
in the 1970s 在20世纪70年代
in his forties 在他四十多岁时
考点四 数词的注意事项
1. hundred, thousand, million前有基数词修饰时,表示确数,其后不加“-s”,也不与of连用;但表示“数百、数千、数百万”这样的概数时,后面加“-s”,并与of连用。
There are two hundred people in the hall.
大厅里有200人。
Thousands of people go to the beach every year.
每年有成千上万的人到海滩去。
Millions of people in the world are sending and receiving e-mails every day.每天世界上有数百万人在收发邮件。
2. 序数词在使用时,通常前面要加定冠词the;但如果序数词前出现不定冠词a或an,则表示“再一;又一”;当序数词前有物主代词时,不需加the。
We've tried it twice. Must we try it a third time?
我们已经试过两次了。我们必须再试一次(第三次)吗?
语法综合演练
【语法综合演练】内容见Word版资源：
第05篇 语法专题04 数词
语法专题（四） 数词
1.[2019·贵阳改编]There are 24 solar terms in a year. Grain Rain often starts in April, the month of the year.?
A.second B.third
C.fourth D.fifth
2.[2019·天水] of the students in our class going to the summer camp in Beijing next week.?
A.Two fifths; is B.Second fifths; are
C.Second fifths; is D.Two fifths; are
3.[2019·滨州]—Which month of the year do you like best?
—July, the month, because summer vacation begins in this month. ?
A.seven B.six
C.seventh D.sixth
4.—How do you say “1:57” in English?
—It’s .?
A.three past two B.fifty-seven past one
C.three to one D.three to two
5.[2019·河池]Please pass me book on the right.?
A.four B.fourth
C.the four D.the fourth
6.[2019·龙东改编]The apartment has floors and Mr. Green lives on the floor.?
A.twelfth; twelfth B.twelve; twelfth
C.twelfth; twelve D.twelve; twelve
7.[2019·郴州改编]Every year, books are given away to the poor children in the countryside.?
A.thousand B.thousands
C.thousand of D.thousands of
8.[2019·安顺]Nowadays, people like HUAWEI phones better, and about of them are adults.?
A.the number of; four-fifths
B.a number of; four-fifth
C.the number of; four-five
D.a number of; four-fifths
9.[2019·广元改编]On my birthday, I got a new schoolbag as a gift from my parents.?
A.ninth B.nine
C.the ninth D.the nine
10.[2019·鄂州]Our country is nearly years old. We’ll celebrate its birthday on October 1, 2019 around the country.?
A.seventy; seventy
B.seventieth; seventy
C.seventy; seventieth
D.seventieth; seventieth
11.[2019·兰州]We gave away books to the school library last year.?
A.six thousands B.six thousand
C.six thousands of D.six thousand of
12.[2019·铜仁]There are floors in the building. We live on floor.?
A.the ninth; the ninth B.the ninth; nine
C.nine; the ninth D.nine; nine
13.[2019·襄阳]—Is Dongjin High-speed Railway Station the largest in Hubei Province??
—Yes, of course. It’s just a little smaller than the largest one in Wuhan.
A.first B.second C.third D.fourth
14. Please turn to page and take a look at the picture on it.?
A.eighty B.the eightieth
C.eighties D.eightieth
15.Li Wen is a normal boy from the countryside. He works hard and does well in school.?
A.15 years old B.15-year-old
C.15-years-old D.15 year old
16.You all failed in the exam yesterday, so I want to give you chance.?
A.two B.second
C.a second D.the third
17. In our city, the number of the teachers about 2,000, but only about of them are men teachers.?
A.is; seven hundreds B.are; seven hundred
C.is; seven hundred D.are; seven hundreds
18.[2019·绥化]His mother took him to visit the Great Wall on his birthday.?
A.nine B.nineth
C.ninth D.ninths
19.[2019·大庆] volunteers will be needed for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.?
A.Two thousand of B.Two thousands of
C.Thousand of D.Thousands of
20.[2019·武威、白银]September is the month of a year. ?
A.seventh B.eighth
C.ninth D.tenth
【参考答案】
1.C 考查数词的用法。句意:一年有24个节气。谷雨通常从一年的第四个月——四月开始。第四应用fourth。故选C。
2.D 考查分数的表达及主谓一致。句意:我们班五分之二的学生下周要去北京夏令营。英语中分数的表达:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于一时,分母用序数词的复数形式。这里中心词是复数名词students,作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。故选D。
3.C 4.D 5.D 6.B 7.D
8.D 考查短语和分数的表达。句意:如今,许多人更喜欢华为手机,并且他们中大约五分之四是成年人。a number of 许多;four-fifths 五分之四。根据句意结合词义可知应选D项。
9.A 10.C
11.B 考查数词的用法。thousand与具体数字连用时,表示确数,后面不加-s; 与of连用时,表示概数,词尾要加-s,词前不加数字。故选B。
12.C 考查基数词和序数词。句意:这栋楼有九层。我们住在第九层。第一个空表示楼共有九层,用基数词nine;第二个空表示我们住在第九层,需用序数词。故选C。
13.B 考查序数词辨析。first第一;second第二;third第三;fourth第四。根据“It’s just a little smaller than the largest one in Wuhan.(它只比武汉最大的那个高铁站小一点点。)”及“Yes, of course.”推知问句意为“东津高铁站是湖北省第二大高铁站吗?”故选B。
14.A 15.B 16.C 17.C
18.C 考查数词的用法。句意:他的妈妈在他9岁生日时带他去参观长城。根据句意可知,此处表示生日的顺序,故用序数词。nine的序数词是ninth。故选C。
19.D 考查数词的用法。句意:2022年北京冬奥会将会需要 志愿者。由语境可知,冬奥会将需要成千上万的志愿者。此处的volunteers人数不固定,故应用概数词表达。thousands of意为“成千上万的;许许多多的”,是固定搭配,不能与具体数字连用。故选D。?
20.C
