Unit 4 Earthquakes
地震可能会带来很大的伤亡，但是如果在平时你能做好准备，你幸存下来的机会会大大增加。那么我们需要做好哪些准备呢？
Here are some tips to help you increase the chances of surviving.
Make a home earthquake plan.Find a safe place in every room，such as a desk or a table，where you can find cover in an earthquake.For two?floor homes，get a proper?sized ladder to get out through a window if the stairs are damaged.
Decide where your family will re?meet if you are separated.Decide on an out?of?town relative for family members to get in touch with.
Attach things such as tall furniture and water heaters to the wall so that they will not be knocked over during an earthquake.
Prepare an emergency kit(成套工具)for your home and a car that has food，water，clothing，flashlights，a radio and a first?aid kit in it.
Know what to do when an earthquake starts.Drop，cover and hold on.Only move a few steps to a safe place for cover and stay there until the shaking stops.If you are in a car，slow down and drive to somewhere away from trees and power lines.Stay in your car until the shaking stops.
Practice for the real thing to help keep a clear head when a real earthquake happens.
[阅读障碍词]
1．attach v．贴，系，把……固定
2．furniture n．家具
3．first?aid adj.急救的
[诱思导读]
阅读短文，回答问题
1．How many tips does the passage offer us?
Six．
2．Why do we practice for the real thing in our daily life?
To help keep a clear head when a real earthquake happens.
Section Ⅰ Warming Up，Pre?reading & Reading
Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思
( )1.burst A．vi.爆裂；爆发
n．突然破裂；爆发
( )2.ruin B．vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭
( )3.injure C．vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
( )4.destroy D．n.废墟；毁灭
vt.使破产；毁灭
( )5.shock E．vt.损害；伤害
( )6.rescue F．vt.&vi.(使)震惊；震动
n．休克；打击；震惊
( )7.trap G．vt.使陷入困境n.陷阱；困境
( )8.bury H．n.灾难；灾祸
( )9.disaster I．n.&vt.援救；营救
( )10.electricity J．n.电；电流；电学
[答案] 1－5 ADEBF 6－10 IGCHJ
Ⅱ.选择下列句子中相应词组的汉语意思
A．立刻；马上 B．仿佛；好像
C．终结；结束 D．严重受损；破败不堪
E．掘出；发现 F．许多；大量的
1．The city lay in ruins after the earthquake.
2．When our day's work was at an end we rushed there.
3．The bottle was dug out by the villagers.
4．A large number of people applied for the job.
5．You'd better clean the screen of your computer right away.
6．I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday.
[答案] 1－6 DCEFAB
A NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei.For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell.Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them.A smelly gas came out of the cracks.In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.① Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.② Fish jumped out of their bowls and ponds.At about 3：00 am on July 28, 1976, some people saw bright lights in the sky.The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky.In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events，③ were asleep as usual that night.
地球的一个不眠之夜
河北省东北部的农村不断有怪事发生。三天来，村子里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏。村民们注意到，水井的井壁上有深深的裂缝，裂缝里冒出臭气。农家大院里的鸡，甚至猪都紧张得不吃食。老鼠跑出田地找地方躲藏。鱼缸和池塘里的鱼往外跳。1976年7月28日凌晨3点左右，一些人看到天上有明亮的光，即使天上没有飞机，在唐山城外也能听到飞机声。在市内，有些建筑物的水管爆裂开来。但这座城市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当回事儿，那天晚上照常睡觉了。
[助读讲解] ①too...to...太……而不能……。②现在分词短语looking for places to hide 作伴随状语。③who 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰people；think little of 几乎不考虑，对……不重视，忽视。
At 3：42 am everything began to shake.It seemed as if the world was at an end! Eleven kilometres directly below the city one of the greatest earthquakes of the 20th century had begun.It was felt in Beijing，which is more than two hundred kilometres away.④ One?third of the nation felt it.A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide⑤ cut across⑥ houses, roads and canals.Steam burst from holes in the ground.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.The suffering of the people was extreme.Two?thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents.The number of people who were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400，000.
凌晨3点42分，一切开始摇晃起来，仿佛到了世界末日！二十世纪最大的地震之一就在唐山市正下方11公里处发生了。200多公里以外的北京都感到了地震。全国三分之一的地方都有震感。一条8公里长30米宽的巨大裂缝横穿房舍、马路和渠道。地上一些洞穴冒出了蒸汽。石头山变成了泥沙河。在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沦陷在一片废墟中。人们遭受了极大的痛苦。三分之二的人在地震中死去或受伤。成千上万的家庭被毁灭，许许多多的孩子变成了孤儿。死亡和重伤人数达到40多万。
[助读讲解] ④which 引导定语从句，修饰Beijing。⑤that was...wide 是that 引导的定语从句，修饰crack。⑥cut across 横切，穿过，抄近路。
But how could the survivors believe it was natural? Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.All of the city's hospitals, 75% of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.No wind，however, could blow them away.Two dams fell and most of the bridges also fell or were not safe for travelling.The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel.Tens of thousands of⑦ cows would never give milk again.Half a million pigs and millions of chickens were dead.Sand now filled the wells instead of water.People were shocked.Then, later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one⑧ shook Tangshan.Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.More buildings fell down.Water, food, and electricity were hard to get.People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.⑨
可幸存的人们又怎么能相信这是自然现象呢？人们无论朝哪里看，哪里的一切都几乎被毁了。市内所有的医院、75%的工厂和建筑物、90%的家园都消失了。残砖就像秋天的红叶覆盖着大地。然而，他们是不可能被风刮走的。两座大坝垮了，多数桥梁不是塌了，就是无法安全通行了。铁轨如今成了一条条废钢。好几万头牛再也挤不出奶来。50万头猪和几百万只鸡全都死了。井里满是沙子，而不是水，人们震惊了。接着，当天下午晚些时候，同第一次一样强烈的地震震撼着唐山。一些救援人员和医生被困在了废墟下。更多的房屋倒塌了。水、食物和电都很难弄到。人们开始纳闷，这场灾难还会持续多久。
[助读讲解] ⑦tens of thousands of 数以万计的。⑧which 引导定语从句，修饰quake。⑨last 在此处为动词，意为“持续”。
All hope was not lost.Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to help the rescue workers.Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped⑩ and to bury the dead.To the north of the city, most of the 10，000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.?Fresh water was taken to the city by train, truck and plane.Slowly，the city began to breathe again.
并不是所有的希望都破灭了。地震后不久，部队派遣了15万名战士到唐山来协助救援人员。数十万的人得到了援助。解放军组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。在唐山市的北边，一个有万名矿工的煤矿中多数人都得救了。救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。火车、卡车和飞机都向市内运来了水。慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。
[助读讲解] ⑩who were trapped 为定语从句，修饰those。?whose homes had been destroyed 为定语从句，修饰survivors，whose 在从句中作定语。
第一步 速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
Ⅰ.速读P26课文内容，选择最佳答案
1．What's the main idea of the text?
A．A terrible earthquake of Tangshan.
B．Before the earthquake of Tangshan.
C．During the earthquake of Tangshan.
D．Damages of the earthquake of Tangshan.
[答案] A
Ⅱ.速读P26 课文内容，匹配段落大意
1．Para.1 A．Damages caused by the earthquake
2．Paras.2～3 B．Rescue after the earthquake
3．Para.4 C．Signs before the earthquake
[答案] 1－3 CAB
第二步 细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P26课文内容，选择最佳答案
1．The last sentence in Paragraph 1 implies that ．
A．the survivors didn't think too much of the earthquake
B．the survivors were made to lose their sense by the sudden big earthquake
C．the survivors didn't realize that a terrible earthquake happened in such a short time
D．the survivors didn't think an earthquake could bring such great damage
2．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Many soldiers helped to rescue the people who were trapped under the ruins.
B．If the earthquake had happened during the daytime，it wouldn't have caused so many deaths.
C．People of Tangshan cared much about the strange events before the earthquake.
D．The earthquake was also felt in Beijing.
3．What is the number of people who were killed or injured during the earthquake?
A．400，000 B．150，000
C．10，000 D．50，000
4．The title“A night the earth didn't sleep”means ．
A．the earth was awake all night long
B．people on the earth couldn't fall asleep that night
C．the earth shook like crazy that night
D．animals on the earth would not sleep that night
[答案] 1－4 CCAC
第三步 研读——能力升华 接轨高考
根据P26课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Several days before July 28，1976，many strange things happened in Tangshan.They were 1.signs(sign)for an earthquake.But people 2.who lived there didn't think much of that.At 3：42 am that day，the earth began 3.to shake(shake)，4.which destroyed almost all the city in fifteen terrible seconds.Many people，5.including(include) rescue workers and doctors，came 6.to rescue(rescue)those who 7.were trapped(trap)under the ruins.Later that afternoon，another big earthquake hit the city.More people were killed or injured and more buildings fell 8.down．Very soon the army sent a lot of soldiers to help，and teams 9.were organized(organize)to dig out the trapped and to bury the dead.By and by things improved and the city began to 10.breathe(breath) again.
1
Section Ⅱ Learning about Language
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．Heat gradually destroys(破坏)vitamin C.
2．We followed his tracks(足迹)through the snow.
3．His parents and his little brother lost their lives in the disaster(灾难)．
4．The reporter's words have shocked(使震惊)all of the scientists.
5．They built a rough shelter(庇护处)from pieces of old wood.
6．It was quite an event when a woman first became prime minister.
7．Our country is a developing nation．
8．Even if earthquakes often happen in that country，they seldom cause serious damages.
9．They don't have enough electricity，so the villagers go to bed early.
10．Luckily，the little girl was rescued by a kind?hearted man.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．use n．用途 vt.使用→ useful adj.有用的；有益的→useless adj.无用的；无效的；无益的
2．injure vt.损害；伤害→injury n．(身体上的)伤，损害→injured adj.受伤的
3．destroy vt.毁坏；破坏；消灭→destruction n．破坏；毁坏
4．shock vt.&vi.(使)震惊；震动 n．震惊；打击；休克→shocked adj.震惊的
5．nation n．民族；国家；国民→national adj.国内的；国家的；国立的
n.＋?less→adj. n.＋“?al”→adj.
hopeless没有希望的homeless无家可归的helpless无助的 agricultural农业的musical音乐的educational教育的
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．right away 立刻；马上
2．in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪
3．at an end 终结；结束
4．cut across 横穿，横跨
5．as if 仿佛；好像
6．soon after 在……之后不久
7．dig out 掘出；发现
8．a great number of 许多；大量的
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．He behaved as if nothing had happened.
2．My holiday is at an end and I must go back to work tomorrow.
3．He was dug out from under the snow.
4．A number of soldiers were sent to guard the building.
5．Mick wants to see you in his office right away．
prep.＋冠词＋名词→介词 in＋n.→介词短语
at a loss困惑by the way顺便说下on the air正在传播 in peace和平in silence默不出声in turn依次
Ⅴ.经典句式必背
1．In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.农家大院里的鸡，甚至猪都紧张得不吃食。
[记句式结构]too...to...结构
[仿写促落实]The hat is too large to wear.这顶帽子太大，没法戴。
2．It seemed as if the world was at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！
[记句式结构]as if引导状语从句
[仿写促落实]She looks as if she were ten years younger.她看起来好像年轻了10岁。
3．Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents.
成千上万的家庭被毁灭，许许多多的孩子变成了孤儿。
[记句式结构]leave sb.＋宾补．..使某人处于……。
[仿写促落实]What you said left us lost in thought．
你说的话使我们陷入沉思。
4．①One?third of the nation felt it.全国三分之一的地方都有震感。
②All of the city's hospitals，75% of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone.市内所有的医院、75%的工厂和建筑物、90%的家园都消失了。
[记句式结构]“分数/百分数＋of＋名词”作主语
[仿写促落实]About one third of the books are worth reading.这些书中大约有1/3值得一读。
5．All hope was not lost.
并不是所有的希望都破灭了。
[记句式结构]all...not＝not all...，为部分否定。
[仿写促落实]Not all people can understand what you say.
＝All people can not understand what you say.
并不是所有人都能理解你说的话。
burst vi.爆裂；爆发n.突然破裂；爆发
(教材P26)In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.
在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。
(1)
突然哭起来/笑起来
burst with anger/joy 勃然大怒/乐不可支
(2)burst in/into 闯进；突然破门而入
①There was a burst of laughter in the room when I passed by.我经过时，房间里传来一阵笑声。
②On hearing the news，Mary burst into laughter(laugh) while Lucy burst out crying.一听到这则消息，玛丽突然大笑起来，而露西则突然大哭起来。
③I felt as if my heart would burst with joy.
我觉得自己高兴得心花怒放。
[图形助记]
爆裂 突然(大笑……) 冲，闯进，突然出现
[语境助记]
With a burst of laughter，Wang Xifeng burst into the room，whose flattering words made Mrs.Jia burst with joy.
随着一阵笑声，王熙凤一阵风似地走进了房间。她的一席谄媚的话说得贾母乐不可支。
at an end 结束，终结
(教材P26)It seemed as if the world was at an end!
仿佛到了世界末日！
(1)at the end of 在……末端
by the end of 到……为止(用于完成时)
in the end 最后；终于
(2) (使)结束；终结
come to an end 结束
①The meeting was nearly at an end when I got to the meeting room.
当我到达会议室时，会议快要结束了。
②We had learned (learn)2，000 English words by the end of last term.
到上个学期为止，我们已经学了2 000个英文单词。
③He became (become)an outstanding doctor in the end.
他最终成为一名出色的医生。
ruin n．废墟；毁灭vt.毁灭；使破产
(教材P26)In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沦陷在一片废墟中。
(1)be/lie in ruins 成为废墟；毁灭
fall into ruin 成为废墟；毁了
(2)ruin one's hope/chance
使某人的希望破灭/机会失去
ruin oneself 自我毁灭
①That mistake ruined his chance of getting the job.
那个错误使他失去了得到那份工作的机会。
②The ancient temple has fallen into ruins and needs repairing.
这座古老的庙宇已经破败不堪，需要修理。
injure vt.损害；伤害
(教材P26)Two?thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.
三分之二的人在地震中死去或受伤。
(1)injured adj. 受伤的；受委屈的
the injured 伤员(作主语时，谓语用复数)
(2)injury n. 伤；伤口；伤害
do an injury to sb. 伤害某人
①Jack injured his leg when he was playing basketball yesterday.昨天杰克打篮球时把腿弄伤了。
②When we got on the spot of the accident，we were told that the injured had been sent to the nearest hospital.
当我们到达事故现场时，我们被告知伤员已经被送往最近的医院。
③If you try and lift that suitcase you'll do yourself an injury(injure)．
如果你试图提起那只箱子，你就要受伤了。
[明辨异同] wound/injure/hurt/harm
指外伤，如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤，尤指在战斗中受伤。
“损害；受伤”，指由于意外或事故而受伤，着重指容貌、机能的损坏。
指肉体上，也可指精神上的伤害。也可为“疼痛；痛苦；伤心”。
指身体或精神上的损害或对周围事物的危害。常用短语do harm to意为“对……有害”。
(wound/injure/hurt/harm)
④he soldier was wounded in the arm in the war.
⑤She was slightly injured in an accident during the work.
⑥I was very much hurt at his words.
⑦This bright light will do great harm to your eyes.
[语境助记]
In the crash he was seriously injured，and he suffered severe injuries to the head and arms.
在碰撞中他受伤很严重，头上和胳膊上都有很重的伤。
shock vt.& vi.(使)震惊；震动
n．休克；打击；震惊
(教材P26)People were shocked.
人们震惊了。
(1)be a shock to... 使……吃惊
(2)shocked adj. 震惊的；惊讶的
be shocked at/by 对……吃惊
be shocked to do sth. 做某事很吃惊
(3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的
①It was quite a shock to see my face on that screen!
从那个屏幕上看到我的脸，真让人惊愕不已！
②Rescue workers were shocked(shock) by what they saw.
救援人员被眼前的景象惊呆了。
[语境助记]
People were shocked to see that the UFO was flying over the city.The shocking news shocked all the people around，which was also a great shock to people all over the country.
人们十分吃惊地发现不明飞行物在这座城市的上空飞行，这个让人震惊的消息震惊了周围的人们，也震惊了全国各地的人们。
(教材P26)Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.
一些救援人员和医生被困在了废墟下面。
(1)rescue n．& vt.援救；营救
rescue sb./sth.from... 把……从……营救出来
come/go to one's rescue 来/去营救某人
come/go to the rescue 来/去援救
a rescue team 救援队
①The police came to his rescue and sent him home.
警察救了他，并把他送回了家。
②Tom rescued a boy from the river on his way home.
汤姆在回家的路上从河里救了一个男孩。
[语境助记]
As soon as the accident happened，the rescue team came to the victims'rescue，and they didn't give up any hope of rescuing them from danger.事故一发生，救援队就来营救受害者了，并且他们没有放弃使他们脱离危险的任何希望。
(2)trap vt.使陷入困境n.陷阱；困境
1)be trapped 使陷入困境
trap sb.into(doing)sth. 诱骗某人做某事
2)set a trap 设置陷阱；布下圈套
fall/walk into a trap 落入圈套
③She had set a trap for him and he walked straight into it.
她给他设下圈套，他就径直钻了进去。
④The car was trapped(trap) in the deep snow.
汽车陷入了厚厚的积雪中。
⑤They trapped her into marrying him.
他们诱骗她嫁给他。
bury vt.埋藏；掩埋；隐藏
(教材P26)The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
解放军组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。
(1)bury...in... 把……埋到……里；
使……沉浸于……
bury one's face in hands 双手掩面
(2)be buried in 埋头于；专心于；沉浸于
bury oneself in 埋头于；专心于；沉浸于
①He buried his face in his hands.他双手掩面。
②Buried(bury)in his study，he didn't know that all the others had left.
＝ Burying(bury)himself in his study，he didn't know that all the others had left.
＝Because he was buried(bury)in his study，he didn't know that all the others had left.
他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。
③Since she left，he's buried himself(he) in his work.
自从她走后，他全心扑在工作上。
[图形助记]
一词多义的“bury”
(教材P26)It seemed as if the world was at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！
【要点提炼】 as if ＝as though“仿佛；好像”，在句中引导表语从句，常跟在特定动词后面，如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel等。
(1)当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的、极有可能发生或存在的事实时，as if从句要用陈述语气。
(2)当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的、极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，从句要用虚拟语气。
①如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。
②从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”。
③从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。
①Look at the clouds in the sky！It looks as if it is going to rain.Let's hurry up.
看看天上的云彩！看起来要下雨。咱们快一点。
②He opened his mouth as if he would say something.
他张开嘴好像要说什么。(与将来事实相反)
③It looks as if she were(be) an angel.
她看上去像一位天使。(与现在事实相反)
④He talks about Rome as if he had been(be)there before.他说起罗马来好像他以前去过那里似的。(与过去事实相反)
(教材P26)Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents.
成千上万的家庭被毁灭，许许多多的孩子变成了孤儿。
【要点提炼】 句中的“...were left without parents”是一个被动结构，without parents是介词短语，作主语补足语，表示主语的状态。其主动形式应为left many children without parents。
leave作使役动词，意为“使……处于某状态”，构成的句式为：
leave＋宾语＋宾补
①She ran away and left her boyfriend in the rain alone.
她跑开了，留下她的男友一个人在雨中。
②You shouldn't have left water running(run)．
你不该让水一直流着。
③Did you leave the doors and windows properly fastened(fasten)?
你把门窗关好了吗？
(教材P26)All hope was not lost．
不是所有的希望都破灭了。
【要点提炼】 该句是表示部分否定的句型。all...not...＝not all...，意为“并非所有的……都……”。
(1)当not与all，both，everyone，everything，everywhere等词连用时为部分否定，意为“并不都……”。
(2)当not与any，anyone，anywhere，anything连用或出现no，nothing，nobody，nowhere，none时是完全否定。
①Nothing in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.
我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次参观故宫博物馆。
②Every boy is not interested in sports.
＝Not every boy is interested in sports.
并非所有的男孩都喜欢运动。
③None of the answers is right.
答案都不对。
1．(教材P26)Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents.
【分析】 本句是and连接的并列句，many children were left without parents是left many children without parents的被动形式。without parents是介宾短语，在第二个分句中作主语补足语，表示主语所处的状态。
【翻译】 成千上万的家庭被毁灭，许许多多的孩子变成了孤儿。
2．(教材P26)But the one million people of the city，who thought little of these events，were asleep as usual that night.
【分析】 本句是一个主从复合句。who引导的是非限制性定语从句，people是先行词，在从句中作主语。
【翻译】 但是，这座城市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当回事，那天晚上照常睡觉了。
3．(教材P26)A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses，roads and canals.
【分析】 本句是一个复合句。that引导的是定语从句，crack是先行词，在从句中作主语。
【翻译】 一条8公里长30米宽的巨大裂缝横穿房舍、马路和渠道。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Hearing the words，she got angry and burst out crying(cry)．
2．People present at the meeting felt shocked(shock)at the news.
3．A number of people were trapped in the ruins when the earthquake happened.
4．He spoke English perfectly as if he had lived(live)in England for many years.
5．They were extremely(extreme)sad at the thought of their missing dog.
6．It's wrong of you to leave the machine running(run)．
7．Two?fifths of the land in that district is(be)covered with trees and grass.
8．Years of fighting have left the city in ruins(ruin); it would take a lot of money to rebuild it.
9．Five passengers were injured(injure) in the traffic accident and they have all been taken to the nearest hospital.
10．The meeting didn't come to an end until midnight.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每个句子仅有1处错误)
1．After the wave came，the sand castle on the beach lay in ruin.
ruin→ruins
2．The great number of children whose parents had died in the earthquake were sent to live with families in other cities.第一个The→A
3．He loves reading，and two thirds of his money are spent on books.
are→is
4．Burying in his scientific study，the scientist knows nothing about the matter.
Burying→Buried或Burying后加himself
5．When a pencil is partly in a glass of water，it looks as if it is broken.
第二个is→were
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．当他说出这句话时，听到的人都大笑起来。
Everyone who heard it just burst out laughing/burst into laughter when he came out with it.
2．自从她走后，他全身心扑在工作上。
Since she left，he has been buried in/buried himself in his work.
3．他同他们说话，就当他们是孩子一样。
He talks to them as if they were children.
4．在过去的五年里很多问题被解决了。
A great number of problems have been solved in the past five years.
5．据我所知，他们俩不都抽烟。
As far as I know，both of them don't smoke.
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Section Ⅲ Grammar——定语从句(Ⅰ)
语 境 自 主 领 悟
先观察原句 后自主感悟
1.The number of people who were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400，000.2.Then，later that afternoon，another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.3.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.4.Yesterday I helped an old man who/that lost his way.5.The boy whose father is a teacher is a new classmate of mine.6.My daughter bought a useful dictionary whose cover was printed“Oxford University”.7.China is a country that/which has a long history. 1.第1、3、4句中的定语从句使用了关系代词who，在定语从句中作主语。2.第2、7句中的定语从句使用了关系代词which，在定语从句中作主语。3.第4、7句中的定语从句使用了关系代词that，在定语从句中作主语。4.关系代词who常用来指代人；关系代词which常用来指代物；关系代词that既可以指人也可以指物。5.第5、6句中的定语从句使用了关系代词whose，在定语从句中作定语，它既可以指人也可以指物。
who(whom)，which，that，whose引导的定语从句 在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫作定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句，同时指代先行词，并在从句中充当一定的句子成分。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种，关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose等；关系副词有when，where，why。
一、关系代词的基本用法
1．who指人，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
The man who is talking with my father is a teacher.
正在和我父亲说话的那个人是个教师。
The girl (who) I met yesterday was his sister.
我昨天见到的那个女孩是他的妹妹。
2．whom指人，在从句中作宾语，常可省略，不能作主语。
The boy(whom)the teacher often praises is their monitor.
老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。
注意：(1)关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来代替。
The boy(who/whom)we saw yesterday was John's brother.
昨天我们看到的那个男孩是约翰的哥哥。
(2)在从句中作介词的宾语且直接跟在介词后时，用whom，不用who。
He is a man from whom we are all ready to learn.
他是我们大家都愿意向他学习的人。
[即时演练1] 关系代词填空
①Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?
②Those who want to see the film set down your names, please.
③This is the person who/whom you should thank for helping your son.
3．which只指物，不指人，可作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
Guilin is a city which has a history of 2，000 years.
桂林是一个有2 000年历史的城市。
The young man was very happy to get back the gold ring(which) he had lost on the train.
那个年轻人找回了在火车上丢失的金戒指，非常高兴。
4．whose既可指人，也可指物。其后接名词，与先行词构成从属关系，在从句中作定语。
This is the scientist whose name is known all over the country.
这就是那位闻名全国的科学家。
Nobody wants the house whose roof has fallen in.
没有人想要这个屋顶已坍塌的房子。
5．that指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
The woman(that)I read about in the newspaper has just won a gold medal.我在报纸上读过那位妇女的相关报道，她刚刚夺得一枚金牌。
The report(that)Mr.Turner handed in was about the motor race.
特纳先生递交的报告是关于摩托车比赛的。
[即时演练2] 关系代词填空
①Look, here are some people who/whom/that I want you to meet.
②Do you still remember the chicken farm that/which we visited three months ago?
③Any student whose family is too poor to go to school can get help from the government.
二、用that不用which的情况。
1．当先行词为all，everything，nothing，anything little，much等不定代词或先行词被这些词修饰时。
All that can be done has been done.
一切能做的都已经做了。
2．当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the most delicious food that I have ever had.
这是我吃过的最美味的食品。
3．当先行词被the only，the very，the last修饰时。
Chatting was the only thing that interested her most.聊天是她唯一感兴趣的事。
4．当先行词既指人，又指物时。
She took photographs of the things and people that she was interested in.
她把她感兴趣的人和物都拍摄了下来。
5．当主语是以who或which开头的疑问句时，为避免重复而用that。
Who is the person that is standing at the gate?
站在门口的那个人是谁？
6．当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。
Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.
上海已不是过去那个样子了。
[即时演练3] 完成句子
①这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。
This is the most beautiful park that I have visited．
②我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。
We often talk about the persons and things that we remember.
③我已找到昨天丢的钢笔。
I have found the very pen that I lost yesterday.
三、用which不用that的情况
1．在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词前时。
This is the room in which he lives.
这是他住的房间。
2．引导非限制性定语从句时。
Tom came back，which made us very happy.
汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。
3．在限制性定语从句中，如果有两个定语从句，其中前一句的关系代词是that，那么后一句的关系代词就要用which。
Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open.
我给你看这本从新开的图书馆里借来的小说。
[即时演练4] 用关系代词填空
①The house in which I used to live has become a shoe shop.
②Have you ever read the book，which was written by a young girl?
四、使用定语从句的注意事项
1．关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致。“one of＋复数名词”作先行词，谓语动词用复数形式；“the only one of＋复数名词”作先行词，谓语动词用单数形式。
This is one of the books which were written by Charles Dickens.
这是查理斯·狄更斯所写的书中的其中一本。
He is the only one of the boys in our class who has learned French.
他是我们班里唯一一个学过法语的男孩。
注意：which引导非限制性定语从句时，往往代表前面所说的整个情况。这时which被看作单数，其后的谓语动词应用单数形式。
He said he was a Frenchman，which was not true.
他说他是一个法国人，这不是真的。
2．为避免关系词的重复，被关系代词所代替的成分不可在从句中重复出现。
This is the factory which we visited last Sunday.(visited后不可加it)
这就是我们上星期天参观过的工厂。
3．关系代词的省略。
(1)关系代词作主语时不能省略。
(2)作动词宾语的关系代词，可以省略；作介词宾语的关系代词，如果不直接位于介词后，可省略，如果直接作介词的宾语，不能省略。
(3)关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中不能省略。
[即时演练5] 单句语法填空
①All things can be done has (have) been done.
②The student you should learn from is the one who works hard and studies hard.
③He is one of the students who know Spanish.
Ⅰ.用适当的关系代词填空
1．The boy who/that broke the window is called Tom.
2．The most interesting book that/不填 I have ever read is Howl's moving castle.
3．Do you know the lady whom/who/不填our English teacher is talking with under the big tree?
4．They talked about their classmates and things that they still remember in middle school.
5．The most important thing that we should consider is the first idea that he has mentioned in his speech.
6．My eldest son, whose work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.
7．Do you still remember the chicken farm that/which/不填 we visited three months ago?
8．Women who drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those who don't.
9．This is the building whose windows were all painted green.
10．That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.
Ⅱ.完成句子(使用定语从句)
1．This girl is familiar to me；maybe she is the girl
(who/whom/that)I met in the street (我在大街上见到的)yesterday.
2．This is the very plan for the holidays that was suggested by his brother(由他哥哥建议的)．
3．Those who bring us happiness (带给我们快乐的)should be loved.
4．This is one of the most interesting films that were shown last week(上周放映的)．
5．She thought highly of the way (that/in which)we treated the difficulty(我们对待困难)．
6．I wish to thank Professor Smith，without whose help(没有他的帮助)I would never have got this far.
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Section Ⅳ Using Language
Office of the City Government
Tangshan, Hebei
China
July 5, 201
Dear ，
Congratulations! We are pleased to tell you that you have won the high school speaking competition about new Tangshan.Your speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.① Your parents and your school should be very proud of you！②
市政府办公室
河北，唐山
中国
201 年7月5日
亲爱的 ，
祝贺你！我们很高兴地告诉你，你在以新唐山为主题的中学演讲比赛中获得了第一名。评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲，他们都一致认为你的演讲是今年最好的。你的父母和你的学校应该为你而感到骄傲！
[助读讲解] ①all of whom 引导定语从句，修饰judges。②be proud of 为……感到自豪，因……而骄傲。
Next month the city will open a new park to honour those who died in the terrible disaster.The park will also honour those who helped the survivors.Our office would like to have you speak③ to the park visitors on July 28 at 11：00 am.As you know，④ this is the day the quake happened thirty? years ago.
We invite you to bring your family⑤ and friends on that special day.
Sincerely，
Zhang Sha
下个月我们市将开放一个新公园，以纪念在那次可怕的灾难中死去的人们。这个公园同样要向那些为幸存者提供过帮助的人表示敬意。我们办公室想请你在7月28日上午11点为来公园的参观者作演讲。你知道，三十 年前的这一天正是唐山发生地震的日子。
我们邀请你的家人和朋友在这个特殊的日子里一起前来。
[助读讲解] ③have sb.do sth.让某人做某事。④as you know 是as 引导的非限制性定语从句，as指代整句话内容。⑤family 在这里指“家人”。
第一步 速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
Ⅰ.速读P30课文内容，选择最佳答案
The article is a(n) ．
A．letter of invitation B．apology letter
C．notice D．help letter
[答案] A
Ⅱ.速读P30课文内容，判断正误
1．This is a letter of congratulation. ( )
2．A high school student will be invited to give a speech in a newly?opened park. ( )
3．On July 28, 1976, a terrible earthquake hit Tangshan. ( )
4．Only the high school student was invited on that special day.
( )
[答案] 1－4 FTTF
第二步 细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P30课文内容，选择最佳答案
1．The student is invited to ．
A．take part in the high school speaking competition
B．give a speech to the park visitors on July 28
C．help Zhang Sha to prepare for the opening of the new park
D．visit the new park just as a guest
2．The office will have the student speak to the park visitors on July 28 because ．
A．it's a day convenient for people to attend
B．it's a day fit for an opening of a park
C．it's the day the quake happened in 1976
D．it's the day the quake ended in 1976
3．In his/her speech，the student may not mention ．
A．the terrible quake that happened in 1976
B．the great work people did to rebuild Tangshan
C．the bright future of Tangshan
D．his/her hobbies
[答案] 1－3 BCD
第三步 研读——能力升华 接轨高考
根据P30课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
In the letter，Zhang Sha offers 1.congratulations (congratulate)to the winner of the high school speaking 2.competition (compete)about new Tangshan.And he tells the winner a group of five 3.judges (judge) heard the speech and agreed that his/hers was 4.the best one this year.
Then he invites the winner 5.to speak (speak) to the visitors of a new park which will 6.be opened (open) to the public to honour those 7.who died in Tangshan earthquake and those who helped the 8.survivors (survive)．Zhang Sha also hopes that the winner 9.will bring (bring) his or her family and friends 10.on July 28 at 11：00 a．m.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．Personally I want to talk with my child about it，frankly and sincerely(真诚地)．
2．He made an outline(概要) of his views and got ready to present it at the meeting.
3．The cyclist(骑自行车的人)turned off the highway onto a side road.
4．We're glad to get together to offer our congratulations on our homeland's success in the competition.
5．Judging from his appearance，the manager can't be over 60 years old.
6．He can express himself in fluent English after studying hard for four years.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．congratulate vt.祝贺；向……道喜→congratulation n．祝贺；(复数)贺词
2．express vt.表达→expression n．表达；表示；表情；措辞
3．cycle n．自行车→cyclist n．骑自行车的人
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．congratulate sb.on 就……祝贺某人
2．give a speech 作演讲
3．judge from/by 根据……来判断
4．be proud of 对……感到骄傲
5．on that special day 在那个特殊的日子
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．Parents always are proud of their children and love them.
2．I congratulate you on your success.
3．Judging from what he said，he knew nothing about it.
4．When I was asked to give a speech in class，at first I didn't know what to do.
Ⅴ.经典句式必背
1．Our office would like to have you speak to the park visitors on July 28 at 11：00 am.
我们办公室希望你在7月28日上午11点给公园的参观者做演讲。
[记句式结构]have＋宾语＋宾补
[仿写促落实]I often have Tom buy me lunch.
我常常让汤姆给我买午饭。
2．As you know，this is the day the quake happened...
你知道，……这一天正是唐山地震发生的日子。
[记句式结构]关系代词as在句中引导非限制性定语从句。
[仿写促落实]As is known to us，the earth moves around the sun.
众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。
3．The man was sleeping downstairs when the earthquake happened.
那个人正在楼下睡觉，突然发生了地震。
[记句式结构]be doing...when...“正在做某事就在这时……”。
[仿写促落实]I was doing my homework when the phone rang.
我正写作业时，电话响了。
frightening adj.令人恐惧的
(教材P28)It was a frightening night.
这是一个骇人的夜晚。
(1)frighten sb./sth.away 把……吓跑
frighten sb.into/out of(doing)sth.
恐吓某人做/不做某事
(2)frightened adj. 受惊的
be frightened of... 害怕……
be frightened at... 对……感到惊恐
(3)frightening adj. 令人恐惧的；令人害怕的
①She has now begun placing speakers in the fields to see if elephants are frightened away.她现在开始把扬声器放到田野里，去观察大象是否会被吓走。
②The news was frightening and they were all frightened(frighten)．这则消息令人恐惧，他们都感到惊恐。
③They frightened the old lady into signing the paper.他们恐吓那位老太太，使她签了字据。
[语境助记]
The old fisherman told his wife in a frightened voice about the frightening animal，which made her frightened.
那位老渔夫用颤抖的声音告诉他妻子那只令人恐惧的动物，这让她也感到恐惧。
damage n．& vt.损失；损害
(教材P29)Several days later most of the buildings which had been damaged were repaired.
do/cause damage to 给……带来/造成毁坏
be badly damaged 遭受严重损害
damage one's health 损害某人的健康
①Eating too much meat one time will cause damage to your stomach.
一次吃太多的肉会对你的胃造成损害。
②Your father is angry because you have done damage to the flower beds.
你把花坛损坏了，你父亲对此非常生气。
[明辨异同] damage/ruin/destroy
damage 指“损坏”，一般指部分性的损坏，通过修复还可以恢复功能等。用作名词时，常构成词组：cause/do damage to...对……造成损害。
ruin 多用于比喻句之中，有时泛指一般性的破坏，有时可指把某物损坏到了不能再使用的程度。往往是非暴力的，并非一次打击的结果，常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。用作名词时，常构成词组：in ruins严重受损，破败不堪。
destroy 破坏，消灭，毁坏；指彻底破坏，不可修复，也可以指希望、计划等被打破。
(damage/ruin/destroy)
③Jane was unlucky.Her car was badly damaged in an accident and the damage was so great that it would take a week or two to get it repaired.When she arrived home，she found her house was in ruins because a big fire destroyed the building.She felt that her life was ruined．
congratulation n．祝贺；(复数)贺词
(教材P30)Congratulations！We are pleased to tell you that you have won the high school speaking competition about new Tangshan.
恭喜你！我们很高兴地告诉你，你已经赢得了以新唐山为主题的高中组演讲比赛。
(1)offer/send congratulations to sb.on sth.
向某人祝贺某事
(2)congratulate v. 祝贺；向……致贺词
congratulate sb.on/upon sth./doing sth.
就某事向某人祝贺
①Congratulations on your 50th wedding anniversary!
祝贺你们结婚50周年！
②We sent our congratulations(congratulate) to her when she passed the exam.
当她通过考试时，我们向她表示祝贺。
③I congratulate you on what you have achieved.
祝贺你取得的成绩。
[名师点津]
(1)congratulation作“祝贺”讲时，常以复数形式出现。
(2)congratulate的宾语是指人的名词，不是指物的名词；celebrate的宾语往往是表示活动的名词。
④We held a large party to celebrate his birthday.
我们开了一个盛大的宴会来庆祝他的生日。
⑤We congratulated him on winning the game.
我们祝贺他赢得了这场比赛。
judge n．裁判员；法官vt.断定；判断；判决
(教材P30)Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.五位评委听了你的演讲，他们一致认为那是今年最好的演讲。
(1)judge...by/from... 通过……判断……
judge sb./sth.as/to be... 断定某人/物是……
as far as I can judge 据我判断
(2)judging by/from... 从……来看；根据……判断
①Don't judge a man by/from his looks.不要以貌取人。
②As far as I can judge，it is wrong for them to let some students carry mobile phones.
我认为，他们让某些学生带手机是错误的。
③Judging(judge) by the look on Adam's face，the news must be terrible.
从亚当的表情来看，肯定是可怕的消息。
[名师点津]
judging from/by用在句首时，为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态影响，只用现在分词作状语而不采用过去分词的形式。
express vt.表示；表达 n．快车；速递
(教材P30)I would like to express my thanks to...
我想向……表达我的感谢。
(1)express...to... 向……表达……
express concern about 表达某人对……的担忧
express one's satisfaction with
表达对……的满意
express oneself 表达思想
(2)expression n. 表达；表情
beyond expression 无法表达
without expression 毫无表情
①I wish to express my appreciation for your kindness.
我要对于你的好意表示感激。
②The company usually sends goods by express.
这家公司通常用快递发货。
③There was a worried expression(express) on her face.
她脸上流露出担心的表情。
④The beauty of the scenery there is beyond expression.那儿的风景美丽的无法表达。
[语境助记]
As soon as he got off the express train he noticed a piece of news，and his expression expressed that it was something important beyond expression.
他一从特快列车上下来，就注意到了一则消息，他的表情表明那是一件难以表达的重要事情。
(教材P30)Our office would like to have you speak to the park visitors on July 28 at 11：00 am.我们办公室想请你在7月28日上午11点给来公园的参观者做演讲。
【要点提炼】 have sb.do sth.让某人做某事
(1)have sb.do sth.为“have＋宾语＋宾补”结构。这里的have为使役动词，意为“让，请”；speak作宾语补足语(speak与you之间是逻辑上的主谓关系)
(2)have sb./sth.doing sth.让……持续做某事，让……一直处于某种状态(sb./sth.与do之间是逻辑上的主谓关系)。 相当于get/keep/leave sb./sth.doing sth.。
(3)have sth.done①让别人做某事；使某事被做；②蒙受……(sth.与do之间是逻辑上的动宾关系)。
①Joe had me find a car for him.乔让我给他找辆车。
②He had us laughing (laugh) by telling jokes all through the meal.
在整个用餐过程中，他一直讲笑话，让我们笑个不停。
③We had the machine mended(mend) just now.
我们刚才请人把机器修好了。
④The old woman had her handbag stolen(steal)．
这位老太太的手提包被偷了。
(教材P30)As you know，this is the day the quake happened...
你知道，这一天正是唐山地震发生的日子……
【要点提炼】 as you know是非限制性定语从句，as代表整个主句的内容。as引导非限制性定语从句时放在主句前后均可，意为“正如”，后边的谓语动词多是see，know，expect，say，mention，report等。
as is known to all 众所周知
as is expected 正如所预料的那样
as is said 正如所说的那样
as is reported 正如所报道的那样
as we all know 正如我们所知道的那样
as you can see 正如你所看见的那样
①As is known to all，China has the largest population in the world.众所周知，中国是世界上人口最多的国家。
②As I expected，he got the first place again in this midterm examination.正如我所预料的那样，他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。
③As was reported(report)，they failed in sending up a satellite.据报道，他们发射卫星失败。
(教材P31)The man was sleeping downstairs when the earthquake happened.
那个人正在楼下睡觉，突然发生了地震。
【要点提炼】 该句中when为并列连词，意为“就在这时、突然”，相当于and then/just at that time。其句型结构为sb.was/were doing sth.when...“某人正在做某事，这时……”。
be about to do...when... 正要做……这时……
be on the point of doing...when...
正要做……这时……
had just done...when... 刚刚做完……这时……
①I was on the point of telephoning him when his letter arrived.
我正要给他打电话，这时他的信到了。
②I had just finished my test paper when the bell rang，announcing the exam was over.
我刚完成试卷，这时宣告考试结束的铃声响了。
③I was about to leave (leave) when it began to rain.
我正要离开，这时开始下雨了。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Nearly every building was damaged(damage)in the earthquake.
2．Parents were too frightened(frighten)to bring their children for vaccination(疫苗)．
3．We met a group of cyclists(cycle)on the tour in the Lake District.
4．I said congratulations(congratulate) and walked up to him and shook his hand.
5．Judging(judge) from his accent，he must be from Hunan.
6．We sincerely(sincere) hope that you will soon be restored to health.
7．The expression(express) in her eyes told me something was wrong.
8．The sun is hot, as everyone knows.
9．A thirteen?year?old boy was sitting on the sofa watching TV when the telephone rang.
10．I saw three camp beds，two of which were occupied.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每个句子仅有1处错误)
1．Congratulation on your being admitted to Peking University！
Congratulation→Congratulations
2．He never drinks except on specially parties.
specially→special
3．No words are strong enough express our thanks for your rescue.
enough后加to
4．I am proud of to show visitors around our beautiful school yard.
去掉of
5．Which is known to us all，practice makes perfect.
Which→As
(教师用书独具)
[解题指导]
as，which引导非限制性定语从句的区别：
(1)从句置于句首时，只用as不用which；
(2)as引导的从句意义上不能与主语相悖，而which不受此限制；
(3)从句为否定句时，常用which；
(4)as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前或之后，甚至还可分割主句；which引导的非限制性定语从句，只能放在主句之后。
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Section Ⅴ Writing——如何写新闻报道
如何写新闻报道
一、英文新闻报道通常包括以下四个部分
1．标题：标题是新闻的题目，是编辑对最有新闻价值内容的浓缩、概括。为了撷取新闻要点、诠释新闻意义、吸引读者阅读，好的标题应该简洁明了。
2．导语：导语是消息开头的第一段或第一句话，它扼要地揭示出消息的核心内容。
3．主体：主体是消息的主要部分，它用充足的事实表现主题，是对导语内容的进一步展开和阐释。主体要根据不同内容运用适当句型对新闻细节进行描述。
4．结束语：一般是最后一句话或者一段话，通常对全文内容做概括性的总结。有时，作者根据报道在结束语中提出令人深思的问题。
1．导语部分
①According to a recent survey，about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after graduation.根据最近的一项调查，大约78.9%的大学生想毕业后继续深造。
②The weather was fine，and a large number of people went to climb the West Hill.
天气很好，很多人去爬西山。
③Great changes have taken place in China.
中国发生了巨大的变化。
④Thanks to Project Hope，great changes have taken place in this western country school.多亏了希望工程，西部的这所乡村学校发生了巨大的变化。
2．主体部分
①To solve the problem，some measures should be taken.为了解决这个问题，(我们)应该采取一些措施。
②As we all know，the Internet is playing an important part in our everyday life.众所周知，互联网在我们的日常生活中起着重要的作用。
③The number of the injured in the accident has reached more than 12.
这场事故中受伤的人已经超过12个。
3．结束语部分
①We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.
我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。
②With the rapid development of society，our country will surely have a brighter future.
随着社会的快速发展，我们的国家一定会有更光明的未来。
③I suggest that the government should do something more to solve the serious problems.
我建议政府应该做更多的工作来解决这些严重的问题。
④We have every reason to believe that the development will be a great success.
我们完全有理由相信这次发展会很成功。
5月25日，你校学生会组织了为西藏地震灾区捐款的活动。同学们踊跃参加，共筹得善款35 000元。假如你是校英语报的记者李华，请按以下要点用英语写一则新闻报道。
1．时间、地点、任务、活动；
2．同学们的反应。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．报道的标题和记者姓名已给出(不计入总词数)；
3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Students Donate Money to Disaster Area
By Li Hua，
School Newspaper
体裁 新闻报道 时态 一般过去时
主题 为震区捐款 人称 第一、三人称
结构 首段：活动简介 中段：活动背景及活动过程尾段：心得感受
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1．earthquake n． 地震
2．destroy v. 破坏；消灭；毁坏
3．disaster n. 灾难
4．a great number of 许多；大量的
Ⅱ.巧用单元句型、语法
(一)完成句子
1．学生会在5月25日举办了一场为灾区捐款的活动。
On May 25，an activity to donate money to the disaster area was held by the Students' Union.(不定式作定语)
2．一些西藏地区靠近尼泊尔的房子在事故中受到破坏。(定语从句)
Some houses in Tibet，which is close to Nepal，were destroyed in the accident.
3．许多学生加入到捐款活动中。
A great number of students took part in the donation activity.(number)
4．我们非常高兴捐献了我们的零花钱。
We were very glad to give our pocket money away.(不定式作原因状语)
(二)句式升级
1．What we know is that a big earthquake hit Nepal.(改成定语从句)
→As we (all)know，a big earthquake hit Nepal.
2．Many students took part in the donation activity.The activity was held in our library.(改为过去分词作定语)
→Many students took part in the donation activity held in our library．
3．We collected 35，000 yuan.(改为被动语态)
→35，000 yuan was collected by us.
【参考范文】
Students Donate Money to Disaster Area
On May 25，an activity to donate money to the disaster area in Tibet was held by the Students' Union in our school.
As we know，a big earthquake hit Nepal on April 25.And some houses in Tibet，which is close to Nepal，were destroyed in the accident.Therefore，to show our concern to the victims，a great number of students in our school took part in the donation activity held in our library.It started from eight o'clock and lasted two hours.In the end，35，000 yuan was collected and given to the Red Cross in our city.
We were very glad to give our pocket money away.
By Li Hua，
School Newspaper
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