Unit 4 Wildlife protection
越来越多的人已经意识到了保护野生动植物的重要性。但是有些贫困国家的农民正在利用野生动植物的栖息地来种植食物。
Farming and Wildlife Protection
Almost half of the world's 17，000 wildlife protected areas are being used for farming.A report says using land for agriculture is causing many kinds of plants and animals to disappear.
Farmers must use better farming methods that provide food while protecting wildlife.Experts say ten percent of the land on Earth has been designed to protect wildlife.Yet these nature preserves often share common ground with farms in many poor countries.Many of these areas are where animal species are most at risk.
Experts say many species，in preserves are dying out because of the agricultural areas that surround them.This is because many animals need to move to other places to survive.The limited space in nature preserves cannot fill this need.The lands that would be needed to increase protected areas already are being used to grow food for local people and support local economies.Experts say half of the animal species in the preserves could be lost because their populations are too small to guarantee their survival.
[阅读障碍词]
1．agriculture n． 农业
2．preserve n. 保护区
v. 保持；维持
3．species n. 种类；物种
4．risk n. 危险；风险
5．limited adj. 有限的
6．economy n. 经济
7．guarantee vt. 保证
[诱思导读]
1．What do you think farmers should do to protect the wildlife?
2．Why do farmers in poor countries increase land for food?
A．To provide animals with food.
B．To feed themselves.
C．To help other countries' farmers.
D．To destroy the preserves.
[答案] 1.Farmers should stop using protected areas to grow food.
2．B
Section Ⅰ Warming Up，Pre?reading & Reading
Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思
( )1.decrease A．n.保护区
( )2.reserve B．vi.& vt.减少；(使)变小；或变少
( )3.hunt C．adj.确定的；某一；一定
( )4.certain D．vt.& vi.打猎；猎取；搜寻
( )5.contain E．vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到
( )6.affect F．vt.影响；感动；侵袭
( )7.appreciate G．vt.包含；容纳；容忍
( )8.harm H．vi.回答；响应；做出反应
( )9.protection I．n.保护
( )10.respond J．n.& vt.损害；危害
[答案] 1－5 BADCG 6－10 FEJIH
Ⅱ.选择下列句中相应词组的汉语意思
A．在……的危险中 B．灭亡；逐渐消失 C．如释重负
D．注意 E．突然大笑起来 F．保护……不受……(危害)
( )1.This kind of bird is dying out in the world.
( )2.No one was injured，and we all smiled in relief.
( )3.He is in danger of losing his job if he goes on like this.
( )4.Umbrellas are commonly used to protect people from rain.
( )5.Hearing the funny story，all of us burst into laughter.
( )6.I had warned him of the possible danger，but he didn't pay attention to it.
[答案] 1－6 BCAFED
HOW DAISY LEARNED TO HELP WILDLIFE
Daisy had always longed to help① endangered species(物种) of wildlife(野生动植物)．One day she woke up and found a flying carpet(地毯) by her bed.“Where do you want to go？” it asked.Daisy responded immediately.“I'd like to see some endangered wildlife，” she said.“Please take me to a distant(远的) land where I can find the animal that gave fur(毛；软毛) to make this sweater.” At once the carpet flew away and took her to Tibet.There Daisy saw an antelope looking sad.It said，“We're being killed for the wool beneath our stomachs.Our fur is being used to make sweaters for people like you.As a result，we are now an endangered species.”At② that Daisy cried，“I'm sorry I didn't know that.I wonder what is being done to help you.Flying carpet，please show me a place where there's some wildlife protection.”
戴茜是如何学会保护野生动物的
戴茜一直都渴望帮助那些濒临灭绝的野生动植物。一天她醒来，发现床边有一块飞毯。飞毯问：“你想去哪儿？”戴茜立刻回答道：“我想去看看濒临灭绝的野生动物。请带我到一个遥远的地方，在那里我可以找到为制作这种毛衣而提供皮毛的动物。”飞毯立刻开始起飞了，带她到了中国的西藏。在那里，戴茜看到了一只藏羚羊面带忧郁的神色。它说：“为了取得我们肚皮底下的羊毛，我们正在被屠杀。我们的毛被用来为像你一样的人们制作毛衣。因此，我们现在濒临灭绝了。”听了这话，戴茜哭了：“我很抱歉，我过去不知道还有这回事儿。我想知道为了帮助你们正在采取什么措施。飞毯啊，请把我带到一个有野生动植物保护的地方去，好吗？”
[助读讲解] ①long vt.&vi.渴望，极想。long to do sth.渴望做某事。②at在此表示“针对……做出反应”。
The flying carpet travelled so fast that next minute they were in Zimbabwe.Daisy turned around③ and found that she was being watched by an elephant.“Have you come to take my photo？”it asked.In relief(减轻或解除) Daisy burst into laughter.“Don't laugh，”said the elephant，“We used to be an endangered species.Farmers hunted us without mercy(仁慈)．They said we destroyed their farms，and money from tourists only went to the large tour companies.So the government decided to help.They allowed tourists to hunt only a certain number of④ animals if they paid the farmers.Now the farmers are happy and our numbers are increasing.So good things are being done here to save local wildlife.”
飞毯飞行得如此之快，以至于一转眼他们就来到了津巴布韦。戴茜转过身去，看到一头大象正望着她。大象问道：“你是来给我拍照的吗？”戴茜如释重负，突然笑了起来。“不要笑了，”大象说道，“我们过去是濒危动物，农民们毫不留情地捕杀我们。他们说我们破坏了他们的农田，而旅游者的钱过去都流进了大型旅游公司。于是政府决定出面提供帮助。如果游客付给农民钱的话，他们允许游客猎取一定数量的动物。如今农民高兴了，我们的数量也在增加。因此，为了拯救当地的野生动植物，他们也在做一些好事。”
[助读讲解] ③turn around 转身，环顾，翻身。④a certain number of 一定(数)量的。
Daisy smiled.“That's good news.It shows the importance of wildlife protection，but I'd like to help as the WWF suggests⑤.” The carpet rose again and almost at once they were in a thick rainforest.A monkey watched them as it rubbed itself.“What are you doing？” asked Daisy.“I'm protecting myself from mosquitoes，” it replied.“When I find a millipede insect，I rub(擦) it over my body.It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes(蚊子)⑥.You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.No rainforest，no animals，no drugs.”
戴茜笑道：“这可是个好消息。这体现了野生动植物保护的重要性，不过，我还是想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助你们。”飞毯再次升起，几乎一转眼他们就到了茂密的热带雨林。一只猴子一边擦着身体，一边望着他们。戴茜问它：“你在干什么呢？”它回答说：“我这样做可以防止蚊虫叮咬。当我发现一种千足虫，便把它擦在身上，它含有一种强效的药物可以防止蚊虫叮咬。你们应该多关注我生活的热带雨林，并且懂得热带雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的。没有雨林，就没有动物，也就没有药物了。”
[助读讲解] ⑤as the WWF suggests是as引导的方式状语从句。⑥which引导定语从句，修饰a powerful drug。
Daisy was amazed.“Flying carpet，please take me home so I can tell WWF and we can begin producing this new drug.Monkey，please come and help.” The monkey agreed.The carpet flew home.As they landed⑦，things began to disappear.Two minutes later everything had gone—the monkey，too. So Daisy was not able to make her new drug.But what an experience⑧！She had learned so much! And there was always WWF...
戴茜很惊讶。“飞毯，请带我回家去，我可以告诉世界野生生物基金会，我们可以开始生产这种新药。猴子，请跟我回去帮忙吧。”猴子同意了，飞毯飞回了家。 当他们着地时，一切就开始消失了。两分钟后，什么都没了——猴子也没了。这样，戴茜就不能制造新药了。但是，这是一次多么奇妙的经历啊！她学了那么多东西！而且，还有世界野生生物基金会呢……
[助读讲解] ⑦land vi.&vt.(使)着陆，降落。⑧what an experience 为感叹句，是what an experience it was 的省略表达。
第一步 速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
Ⅰ.速读P26教材课文，选择最佳答案
What's the main idea of the passage?
A．It is about some protection of wildlife.
B．It is about a journey of a flying chair.
C．It is about Daisy's wonderful experience with some animals.
D．It is about a flying carpet's story.
[答案] C
Ⅱ.速读P26教材课文，匹配段落大意
1．Para.1 A．What we can get from wildlife protection?
2．Para.2 B．Why we need wildlife protection?
3．Paras.3－4 C．A good example of wildlife protection.
[答案] 1－3 BCA
第二步 细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P26教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．Antelopes in Tibet become endangered because .
A．they are killed by other animals for food
B．the environment is badly polluted
C．people kill them to use their fur
D．their food chain (食物链) is cut off
2．It can be learned from the passage that ．
A．the government of Zimbabwe did a good job in saving the elephants
B．the rainforest produces drugs that are good for millipede insects
C．the elephants are in danger in Zimbabwe
D．mosquitoes help protect monkeys from millipede insects
3．What do the words “No rainforest，no animals，no drugs” mean?
A．Rainforests have disappeared.So have animals and drugs.
B．Rainforests are important for the existence of animals and drugs.
C．Animals should live in peace in the rainforest，or they won't get drugs.
D．Human beings have done much damage to the rainforests.
4．It can be inferred from the text that next Daisy would ．
A．produce the new drug with WWF
B．work with WWF to help wildlife
C．fly to other places to save the endangered animals
D．call on people to protect the rainforests
[答案] 1－4 CABB
第三步 研读——能力升华 接轨高考
根据P26教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
One day，Daisy went to see the animals that gave fur to make her sweater on a flying carpet.It flew away to Tibet in China first，1.where she saw an antelope.The antelope told her that they were killed for the wool that 2.was taken (take) from their stomachs.
Then the carpet flew away to Zimbabwe，where Daisy saw 3.an elephant.The elephant said they were 4.endangered (danger) in Zimbabwe.Farmers used to hunt them 5.without mercy.Now the government allowed tourists 6.to hunt (hunt) only a certain number of animals if they paid the 7.farmers (farm)．The flying carpet rose again and almost at once they arrived at a thick rainforest.
There a monkey 8.was rubbing (rub) a millipede insect over 9.its(it) body because the insect could protect it from mosquitoes.So Daisy decided to produce this new drug with the help of WWF.The carpet rose and 10.flew(fly) home.
1/6
Section Ⅱ Learning about Language
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．The boss employed (雇用) about 20 people to work for him yesterday.
2．A certain(某一)person called on you yesterday.
3．The disease failed to respond (反应) to the new drugs the doctor applied.
4．The Internet and television make it possible for us to see a distant (遥远的) scene.
5．We really appreciate (感激) everything you've done for our daughter.
6．This book contains all the information you need.
7．The final exam was over and the students went home in relief．
8．Their opinions will not affect my decision at all.
9．The number of traffic accidents has decreased by ten percent.
10．The report shows that eating too much meat will harm our health.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性或汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．protect v．保护→protection n．保护
2．power n．力量→powerful adj.强大的；有力的
3．distant adj.远的；远处的→distance n．远方；距离
4．loss n．损失；遗失→lose v．失去
5．mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯→merciful adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的
6．succeed vi.成功 vt.接替；继任→success n．成功→successful adj.成功的
v.＋?ion→n. n.＋?ful→adj.
connection n．连接correction n．更正direction n．指导 fearful adj.可怕的forgetful adj.易忘的skillful adj.熟练的
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．die out 灭亡；逐渐消失
2．in peace 和平地；和睦地；安详地
3．in danger (of) 在(……的)危险中；垂危
4．in relief 如释重负
5．burst into laughter 突然大笑起来
6．protect...from... 保护……不受……(危害)
7．pay attention to 注意
8．long to do sth. 渴望做某事
9．without mercy 毫不怜悯地
10．do harm to 对……有害
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．Reading in bed does harm to our eyes.
2．Leave him in peace；he's trying to work.
3．Many species of animals are in danger of dying out．
4．In the past，people in Africa hunted elephants without mercy．
5．We should pay attention to protecting the animals which have nearly died out.
in＋n.→介词短语 v.＋...＋from→动词短语
in action 在活动中，在进行中，在运转中in advance 在前头，事先，预先in charge 主管，掌管，看管 make...from... 由……制造borrow...from... 从……借……learn...from... 向……学习……
1．Please take me to a distant land where I can find the animal that gave fur to make this sweater.
请带我到一个遥远的地方，在那里我可以找到为制作这种毛衣而提供皮毛的动物。
[记句式结构]where引导限制性定语从句
[仿写促落实]I would like to live in a place where there is plenty of sunshine．
我想住在一个阳光充足的地方。
2．It shows the importance of wildlife protection，but I'd like to help as the WWF suggests.
这体现了野生动植物保护的重要性，不过，我还是想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助你们。
[记句式结构]as 表示“仿照；像……那样；如……”，引导方式状语从句
[仿写促落实]Anne wouldn't write down a series of facts in her diary as most people do．
安妮不会像大多数人一样在日记中记流水账。
decrease vt.& vi. 减少；(使)变小/变少
n．减少；降低
(教材P25)If their habitat is threatened or they cannot find enough food，their numbers may decrease.
如果它们的栖息地受到威胁或是它们找不到足够的食物，它们的数量就会减少。
(1)on the decrease 在减少中
a decrease in... 在……方面减少
(2)decrease to... 减少到……
decrease by... 减少了……
decrease from...to... 从……减少到……
①There is a decrease of nearly 7% in the number of visitors to the museum.
参观博物馆的人数下降了将近7%。
②Because of human activities，the number of some rare animals is on the decrease.
由于人类活动，一些稀有动物的数目在减少。
③They decreased the size of the group from 25 to 15.他们把小组的人数从25人减少到了15人。
[名师点津]
decrease的反义词increase的用法
increase to 增加(长)到……
increase by 增加(长)了……
on the increase 在增加
die out灭绝；逐渐消失；逐渐熄灭
(教材P25)As a result these endangered animals may even die out.
结果，这些濒危的动物甚至可能会灭绝。
die away 逐渐减弱，逐渐模糊，逐渐消失
die down 逐渐降低，逐渐平息
die off 相继死去
die of 死于(内因)
die from 死于(外因)
①The sound of the engine died away as the car drove into the distance.随着汽车向远方驶去，发动机声渐渐消失。
②After the talk the man's anger died down a bit.
谈话之后，这名男子的愤怒平息了一点。
③The apple trees in the field are all dying off from disease.地里的苹果树一棵接一棵地病死了。
④With society developing，many old customs are dying out．随着社会的发展，许多古老的风俗在逐渐消失。
loss n．损失；遗失；丧失
(教材P25)not enough food：loss of bamboo growing areas
食物不足：竹子生长地缺乏
(1)make up for the loss 弥补损失
at a loss 不知所措；困惑
(2)lost adj. 失去的；丧失的；迷惑的
be lost in 全神贯注于；沉浸于
①He was determined to try his best to make up for the loss.
他下定决心尽最大努力弥补损失。
②For a moment，Tom was at a loss how to respond to her question.
汤姆一时不知怎么回答她的问题。
③Lost(lose) in thought，he even didn't notice me when I entered the room.
由于陷入沉思，我进入房间的时候他甚至没有注意到我。
in danger (of)在危险中；垂危
(教材P25)Why are they in danger of disappearing?
为什么它们面临灭绝的危险？
(1)out of danger 脱离危险
be a danger to sb./sth. 对某人/某物是个威胁
(2)dangerous adj. 危险的(指事物或人对别人有危险)
①With the doctor's effort，the patient was out of danger.
在医生的努力下，那位病人脱离了危险。
②As far as I'm concerned，he is a danger to society.
在我看来，他是社会的危险分子。
③If he carries on like this，he's in danger of being removed (remove) by the company.
要是他继续这样下去，他就有被公司开除的危险。
[语境助记]
This dog is dangerous，so when you are close to it，you are in danger.You have to go far away from it so as to get out of danger.
那只狗很危险，所以靠近它的时候，你就有危险。你必须远离它以便脱离危险。
respond vi.回答；响应；做出反应
(教材P26)Daisy responded immediately.
戴茜立刻回答。
(1)respond to... 回应……；对……做出反应
respond that... 回答说……
(2)response n. 回答；响应；反应
in response to 响应；反应(通常作状语)
make a response to 对……做出反应/回答
make no response to 对……不做出反应
①He responded that he would be pleased to attend the party.
他回答说他很高兴参加派对。
②She responded to my letter with a phone call.＝ She made a response to my letter with a phone call.
她收到我的信，给我回了个电话。
③She made no response(respond) to my question，which made me very angry.
她没有回答我的问题，这使我非常生气。
[语境助记]
None of the students responded to her question；that is to say，her question failed to get a response from any of the students.
没有一个学生回答她的问题，也就是说，这个问题没能引起任何一个学生的回应。
relief n．(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物；缓解；宽慰
(教材P26)In relief Daisy burst into laughter.戴茜如释重负，突然笑了起来。
in relief 如释重负
with relief 宽慰地
to one's relief 令某人感到欣慰的是
①It was a great relief to find that my family were all safe.
发现我的家人都安然无恙是一大慰藉。
②I smiled in relief after I heard my son had been admitted into Tsinghua University.
听说我的儿子被清华大学录取了，我如释重负地笑了。
③To her relief，her younger brother recovered quickly after operation.
让她感到欣慰的是，她弟弟手术后恢复得很快。
mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯
(教材P26)Farmers hunted us without mercy.
农民们毫不留情地捕杀我们。
(1)show mercy to sb. 怜悯某人
have mercy on 对……表示怜悯
at the mercy of 任凭……的摆布；在……的支配中
without mercy 残忍地，毫无同情心地
(2)merciful adj. 仁慈的；宽大的
①Having lost the engine's power，the boat was now at the mercy of the wind.
发动机坏了，这艘船现在任由大风摆布。
②He was such a cruel man that he showed no/little mercy to others.
他是一个那么残酷的人以至于他对别人毫无怜悯之情。
③They had mercy on their neighbor for he suffered a lot.＝ They showed mercy to their neighbor for he suffered a lot.
他们对邻居表示同情，他受的苦难太多了。
④He will be generous and merciful (mercy) to those who are weaker than himself.
对待比他弱小者，他宽厚大方、仁慈善良。
certain adj.确定的；一定；某一；某些
(教材P26)They allowed tourists to hunt only a certain number of animals if they paid the farmers.如果游客付给农民钱的话，他们允许游客猎取一定数量的动物。
(1)be certain
It's certain that.... 一定……
(2)make certain of 搞清楚，弄明白
for certain 确定；无疑(＝for sure)
①She left him for a certain reason.
因为某种原因她离开了他。
②He is certain to win(win) the match.
＝It is certain that he will win the match.
他肯定能赢这场比赛。
③You must make certain of the facts before writing the report.
在写报告前，你必须先弄清事实。
④I can't say for certain when he will arrive.
我不确定他什么时候到。
[名师点津]
a certain等于some，表示“某一”，后接可数名词单词。
appreciate vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到
(教材P26)You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.
你们应该多关注我生活的热带雨林，并且懂得热带雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的。
(1)appreciate (one's) doing sth.
感激(某人)做某事
I would appreciate it if... 如果……我会不胜感激
(2)appreciation n. 欣赏；鉴别；感激
①I really appreciate your thinking highly of my work.我很感激你对我的工作作出如此高的评价。
②I would appreciate it if you can give me some advice on how to solve these problems.
如果您能给我一些关于如何解决这些问题的建议，我将不胜感激。
③I appreciate being given (give) the chance to work in your company two years ago.
我感谢两年前你给我在你公司工作的机会。
[名师点津]
appreciate用法的两点注意
(1)appreciate后接动名词，而不可用不定式作宾语，且不能以“人”作宾语。
(2)appreciate 后面若跟when/if引导的从句作宾语时，从句前应用it作形式宾语。类似用法的动词还有hate，love，like，dislike等。
succeed vi.成功；继承
vt.接替；继任
(教材P27)What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed?
如果野生动植物保护想取得成功的话，必须采取什么样的措施呢？
(1)succeed in (doing) sth. 成功完成某事
succeed to sth. 继承……
(2)success n. 成功
successful adj. 成功的
successfully adv. 圆满地；顺利地；成功地
①After many years' hard work the scientists finally succeeded in sending(send) the explorer to Mars.
经过多年的努力工作，科学家们最终成功地把探测器发送到了火星上。
②I hope you would as early as possible get appropriate person to succeed to me.
希望你能早日找到合适的人手接替我的工作。
[语境助记]
After succeeding to his father's company as president of it successfully，he succeeded in making the company more successful in its field，which helped to make him a big success in turn.
在他成功地继承了父亲的公司并成为公司总裁之后，他使公司在自己的领域里获得了更大的成功。反过来，公司的成功也成就了他的成功人士的地位。
employ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)
(教材P27)Can they be employed to work in the park and not hurt the animals?
能够雇用他们在公园工作并且不伤害动物吗？
(1)employ sb.as... 雇用某人作……
employ sb.to do sth. 雇用某人做某事
(2) 从事于，忙于(做)某事
(3)employer n. 雇用者；雇主；老板
employee n. 雇工；雇员
①You should employ your money more wisely.
你应该更明智地使用你的资金。
②A number of people have been employed to deal(deal) with the work.
已雇用一些人来处理这项工作。
③She employed herself in watering/was employed in watering the flowers，so she did not notice what was happening.
她在忙着给花浇水，没有注意到发生的一切。
harm n．& vt.损害；伤害
(教材P27)What should be done to punish people who do harm to the animals?
应该采取什么措施来惩罚那些危害动物的人们呢？
(1)do harm to sb./sth.＝do sb./sth.harm
对某人/某物造成伤害
There is no harm in (one's) doing sth.＝It does no harm (for sb.) to do sth. (某人)做某事并无害处。
(2)harmful adj. 有害的
harmless adj. 无害的
be harmful to... 对……有害
①Keep away from such things as you think will do you harm.远离你认为对你有伤害的事情。
②Drinking too much does harm to our health.＝ Drinking too much is harmful (harm) to our health.
喝酒太多对我们的身体有害。
③There is no harm in saying (say) sorry to her first.＝It does no harm to say (say) sorry to her first.
对她先说对不起也无害。
[语境助记]
Playing computer games will not only do harm to your physical health，but it is also harmful to your mental health.So there is no harm in advising you to give it up.
玩电脑游戏不仅会伤害你的身体健康，也对你的心理健康有害。因此劝你放弃它对你没有害处。
(教材P26)Please take me to a distant land where I can find the animal that gave fur to make this sweater.请带我到一个遥远的地方，在那里我可以找到为制作这种毛衣而提供皮毛的动物。
【要点提炼】 where 引导的是一个限制性定语从句，修饰表地点的名词land，where在从句中作地点状语。
where可引导的从句
①England is one of the few countries where (＝in which) people drive on the left.
英国是少数沿左侧开车的国家之一。
②Where others are weak，he is strong.
别人的弱点正是他的优势。
③That's just where we basically disagree with him.
这就是我们同他的根本分歧点。
④Is this the place where they went hunting last week?
这是他们上周打猎的地方吗？
1．(教材P26)Please take me to a distant land where I can find the animal that gave fur to make this sweater.
【分析】 句中where引导定语从句，修饰先行词a distant land，其中还包含一个that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the animal。
【翻译】 请带我到一个遥远的地方，在那里我可以找到为制作这种毛衣而提供皮毛的动物。
2．(教材P26)You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.
【分析】 句中where引导定语从句，修饰先行词the rainforest；how the animals live together是how引导的名词性从句，作动词appreciate的宾语。
【翻译】 你们应该多关注我生活的热带雨林，并且懂得热带雨林中的动物是如何在一起生活的。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．We've had a very positive response (respond) to the idea.
2．He had a kind heart and did merciful (mercy) deeds.
3．Seeing her son back home safe and sound，she smiled in relief.
4．There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful (harm)．
5．At last I succeeded in getting (get) my car moving slowly.
6．You will be in danger if you walk on a railway line.
7．Many species will soon die out if we don't take action.
8．Many parents feel a sense of loss(lose) when their children leave home.
9．You should pay more attention to your pronunciation，or others won't understand you.
10．They will visit the attraction where they have ever planted a tree that stands for their friendship.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．这就是医学会议将要召开的那个礼堂。
This is the hall where the medical conference will be held．(where)
2．如果你不吃药的话，就有感冒的危险。
You are in danger of catching a cold if you don't take any medicine.(danger)
3．如果你可以告诉我到市中心的路，我会非常感激。
I would appreciate it if you could show me the way downtown.(appreciate)
4．我上个月忙于写一本小说。
I employed myself in writing a novel last month.(employ)
5．人们对保护环境已投入很多关注。
Much attention has been paid to protecting the environment.
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Section Ⅲ Grammar——现在进行时的被动语态
语 境 自 主 领 悟
先观察原句 后自主感悟
1.We're being killed for the wool beneath our stomachs.2.Our fur is being used to make sweaters for people like you.3.I wonder what is being done to help you.4.So good things are being done here to save local wildlife. 1.例句1、2、3、4中都用了现在进行时的被动语态，其谓语构成是：am/is/are ＋being ＋done。2.都表示此刻或现阶段正被进行的动作。
一、现在进行时的被动语态的构成
be(am/is/are)＋ being＋ done
The bridge is being built across the river this month.
这个月人们正在建横跨这条河的桥。
二、现在进行时的被动语态的结构
肯定句 主语＋be(am/is/are) ＋being done
否定句 主语＋be(am/is/are) ＋not＋ being done
一般疑问句 be(am/is/are) ＋主语＋being done
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词＋be(am/is/are) ＋主语＋being done
It is reported that the water in the lake is not being protected now.
据报道，这个湖里的水现在没有得到保护。
Are the babies being taken care of by the nurse?
这些婴儿正由这个护士照看吗？
Who is being trained for the coming English speech contest?
为了即将举行的英语演讲比赛，谁正接受训练？
[即时训练1] 根据要求转换句子
They are building a modern school in his hometown.
①A modern school is being built in his hometown.(改为被动语态)
②A modern school isn't being built in his hometown.(把句①改为否定句)
③Is a modern school being built in his hometown？(把句①改为一般疑问句)
④Where is a modern school being built？(对句①中的in his hometown进行提问)
三、现在进行时的被动语态的用法
1．表示此刻正被进行的动作
句中常用now，at the moment等时间状语。
A new film is being shown in the theatre.Let's go to see it.
电影院里正在放映一部新电影呢，咱们去看吧。
2．表示现阶段正被进行的动作
但此动作在此时此刻不一定正在发生。
The rainforest is being protected by the government.
雨林正被政府保护着。
3．表示一种经常性的被动行为
常和always，constantly，frequently等表示频率的副词连用，这种用法常常带有说话者的赞扬或厌恶的感彩。
I feel very puzzled that the goods in our shop are always being stolen.
我感到很迷惑，我们商店的商品老是被偷。
4．表示按计划或安排主语将要承受谓语动词所表示的动作
A party is being held tonight.
今晚将要举行一场晚会。
5．与部分情态动词连用
表示对正在发生的动作的推测。
He may be being scolded by his father at the very moment.
此刻他也许正被他父亲责骂。
[即时训练2] 用所给动词的适当形式填空
①The little boy has made rapid progress recently and is always being praised (praise) by his teachers.
②The plan to explore the South Pole is being made(make) these days.
③The question about where is the factory going to be built is being discussed(discuss) at the moment.
四、使用现在进行时的被动语态应注意的问题
1．不可遗漏being
在现在进行时的被动语态中be为第一助动词，being为第二助动词，缺一不可，且位置不可互换。此结构若缺少being，则就成为一般现在时的被动语态或系表结构。试比较：
The report is being written by one of the best students.
报告正在由一名最好的学生写着。
The report is well written.
这个报告写得很好。(系表结构)
2．不可遗漏介词
take care of，look after，talk about，think of等动词短语用于现在进行时的被动语态时，其中的介词不可省略。
Look！The children are being taken care of by their aunt.
瞧！那些孩子正由他们的姨妈照看着。
3．没有现在进行时的被动语态的动词
非延续性动词、表示存在意义、所属关系、静态特征的动词以及系动词不用于现在进行时的被动语态。
The book belongs to him.
这本书是他的。
4．“be(am/is/are)＋under/in＋n.” 结构
有时可相当于现在进行时的被动语态。
The bridge is in use.
＝The bridge is being used.
这座桥正在使用。
[即时训练3] 完成句子
①小王，过来，有你的电话。
Xiao Wang，come here.You are wanted on the phone.(want)
②这个问题正在会上讨论。
The problem is under discussion/is being discussed at the meeting.(discussion/discuss)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Your experiment report is being typed(type) now and it will be finished soon.
2．Many interesting experiments are being done (do) these days.
3．I am being treated (treat) at the hospital now，so I cannot go to the cinema at present.
4．I'm sorry，sir.Your recorder isn't ready yet.It is being repaired (repair) in the factory.
5．They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house is being rebuilt (rebuild)．
6．Wait a minute.The dishes for the dinner are being cooked (cook) in the kitchen.
7．So many things are being done (do) here to prevent air pollution now.
8．A bridge is being built (build) in the distance and its construction will be finished in a year.
9．These children are being looked (look) after by an old man now.
10．The camera that is being used (use) by him now belongs to me.
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．The teacher is grading the students' schoolwork now.
→The students' schoolwork is being graded by the teacher now.
2．There is good news of the sports meeting being held in the city stadium these days.
→There is good news of the sports meeting which is being held in the city stadium these days.
3．The water in the lake is under pollution.
→The water in the lake is being polluted．
4．We have to take another road because this road is being repaired.
→We have to take another road because this road is under repair．
5．The boys and girls are decorating the classrooms.
→The classrooms are being decorated by the boys and girls.
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Section Ⅳ Using Language
ANIMAL EXTINCTION
Many animals have disappeared during the long history of the earth.The most famous of these animals are dinosaurs(恐龙)．They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，long before humans came into being and their future seemed secure(安全的) at that time.There were many different kinds of dinosaur and a number of them used to live in China.The eggs of twenty-five species have been found in Xixia County，Nanyang，Henan Province.Not long ago a rare new species of bird-like dinosaur was discovered in Chaoyang County，Liaoning Province.When scientists inspected(检查) the bones，they were surprised to find that these dinosaurs could not only run like the others but also climb trees①.They learned this from the way the bones were joined together②.
动物灭绝
从地球有史以来的这段漫长时期，许多动物都消失了。这些动物中最有名的是恐龙。千百万年前，恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多，当时它们的前景好像也很安全。 当时有许多不同种类的恐龙，其中有很多种类曾经生活在中国。25个种类的恐龙蛋是在河南省南阳西峡县发现的。不久前，在辽宁省的朝阳县新发现了一种罕见的、形状像鸟一样的恐龙。科学家们观察它们的骨头时，惊奇地发现它们不仅跟其他恐龙一样可以跑，而且还可以爬树。科学家们是根据恐龙骨骼的连接方式得知的这些。
[助读讲解] ①be surprised to do sth.吃惊地做某事(to do sth.是surprised的原因)；that引导宾语从句，从句中run与climb为并列谓语。②the bones...是省略that的定语从句，修饰the way。
Dinosaurs died out suddenly about 65 million years ago.Some scientists think it came after an unexpected incident when a huge rock from space hit the earth and put too much dust(尘土) into the air.Others think the earth got too hot for the dinosaurs to live on any more③.Nobody knows for sure④ why and how dinosaurs disappeared from the earth in such a short time⑤.
恐龙大约在6 500万年前突然灭绝了。有些科学家认为恐龙灭绝是发生在一件意外事故之后，当时宇宙间一块巨石击中地球因而在空气中扬起太多的尘土。另外一些科学家则认为，地球变得太热，因此恐龙无法在地球上生活了。没有人确切地知道恐龙是由于什么原因，又是怎样在这么短的时间里从地球上消失的。
[助读讲解] ③此处为“too＋adj.＋for sb./sth.to do sth.”结构，意为“对……来说，太……而不能……”。④for sure(＝for certain)“无疑地，确定地”。⑤why and how共同引导宾语从句，作knows的宾语。
We know many other wild plants，animals，insects(昆虫) and birds have died out more recently.According to a UN report，some⑥ 844 animals and plants have disappeared in the last 500 years.The dodo is one of them.It lived on the Island of Mauritius and was a very friendly⑦ animal.Please listen to a story of the dodo and how it disappeared from the earth.
我们知道，近来许多其他的野生动植物、昆虫和鸟类也灭绝了。根据联合国的一份报告，在过去500年里，有大约844种动植物消失。渡渡鸟就是其中的一种。它生活在毛里求斯岛上，是一种非常友好的动物。请听一个关于渡渡鸟的故事，看看它是如何从地球上消失的。
[助读讲解] ⑥some adv.大约，常用在数字前，相当于about。⑦friendly adj.友好的。
第一步 速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
速读P30教材课文，选择最佳答案
The main idea of the passage is ．
A．how dinosaurs were discovered
B．about dinosaurs' extinction
C．about the history of dinosaurs
D．about animals' dying out
[答案] B
第二步 细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P30教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．From the first paragraph we know that ．
A．dinosaurs have recently disappeared
B．a number of dinosaurs used to live in Canada
C．dinosaurs' existence is long before humans came into being
D．dinosaurs can't climb trees as other animals do
2．The possible reasons for the disappearance of dinosaurs are the following EXCEPT that .
A．they lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago
B．it came after an unexpected incident
C．the earth got too hot for the dinosaurs to live on
D．nobody knows for sure the reason
3．According to a UN report，we know that .
A．some 844 animals and plants have disappeared in the last 500 years
B．the dodo，a very friendly animal can live longer on the earth
C．dinosaurs can not only run but also climb trees
D．too much dust in the air killed dinosaurs
4．From the whole passage we can learn that ．
A．if we protect the earth well，dinosaurs can't die out quickly
B．the eggs of twenty?five species will be found in China
C．scientists found a surprising result of the brain of the dinosaurs
D．the next part of the passage will be about dodo's disappearance
[答案] 1－4 CAAD
第三步 研读——能力提升 接轨高考
根据P30教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单调的正确形式。
Many animals have disappeared during the long history of the earth.The 1.most(much) famous of these animals are 2.dinosaurs(dinosaur)．They lived 3.on the earth tens of millions of years ago，long before humans came 4.into being.Their future seemed secure at that time.There 5.were(be) many different 6.kinds(kind) of dinosaurs.7.A number of them used to 8.live(live) in China.Nobody knows for sure why and how dinosaurs disappeared from the earth in 9.such a short time.According to a UN report，some 844 animals and plants 10.have disappeared(disappear) in the last 500 years.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．The movie had a happy ending (结局)．
2．A strange incident (事件) happened yesterday.
3．It is unusual for a dog to bite (咬) at its owner's hand.
4．A cloud of dust rose as the truck drove off.
5．You should inspect the car well before you buy it.
6．The fierce dog bit the thief on the leg.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．end n．& v．结束→ending n．结局；结尾
2. dust n．灰尘；尘土；尘埃→dusty adj.布满灰尘的
3．appear v．出现；到场→disappear vt.消失→disappearance n．消失
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．come into being 形成；产生
2．according to 按照；根据……所说
3．used to 过去常常
4．for sure 确定无疑
5．a number of 许多
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．I think he lives there but I can't say for sure．
2．We're eating out more often than we used to．
3．According to the old story，he was the founder of Rome.
4．A new rule about smoking in public will come into being next month.
1．After a while she saw some zebra with black and white lines going beneath their stomachs.
过了一会儿她看到了一些斑马，它们身上有一直延伸到腹部的黑白相间的条纹。
[记句式结构]“with＋ n．＋doing”复合结构
[仿写促落实]With the boy leading the way，we had no difficulty in finding the village.
由小男孩带路，我们毫不费力地找到了这个村庄。
2．They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，long before humans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time.
千百万年前，恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多，当时它们的前景好像也很安全。
[记句式结构]long before意为“很久以前”，引导时间状语从句
[仿写促落实]This all happened long before you came here，so it had nothing to do with you.
这一切都发生在你来这儿之前很久，因此它和你无关。
3．This is the only home of the red Colobus monkey but there are very few left.
这里是红髯猴唯一的家园，但是现在所剩无几了。
[记句式结构]there be (no)...left意为“(不)剩下……”
[仿写促落实]Hurry up，there is little time left for us to catch up with the last bus.
快点，我们赶上最后一班车的时间不多了。
bite vt.& vi.咬；叮；刺痛；强忍(不说) n．咬；叮；咬(叮/蜇)伤；(咬下的)一口
(教材P29)What should you do if you are being bitten by mosquitoes?
如果你正在被蚊子叮咬，你应该做什么？
“咬某人的某部位”表示为“bite＋人＋介词in/on＋the＋部位”。
①Having been bitten/Bitten (bite) twice，my friend dare not go to my home.
被咬过两次，我的朋友不敢去我家了。
②As the old saying goes，“Once bitten (bite)，twice shy.”
常言道，“一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。”
③The fierce shark bit him on the leg.
这条凶猛的鲨鱼咬了他的腿。
[名师点津]
与bite类似用法的单词有：hit sb.in the face 打某人的脸， pat sb.on the head 拍某人的头，pat sb.on the shoulder 拍某人的肩膀等。
come into being形成；产生
(教材P30)They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，long before humans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time.
千百万年前，恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多，当时它们的前景好像也很安全。
come into existence 形成；产生
come into action 开始行动
come into effect/force/operation
生效；实施
come into use/service 开始被使用
come into power/office 当权；上台执政
come into sight/view 看见；映入眼帘
①How long is it since the computer came into use?
计算机开始使用到现在已有多久了？
②No one knows for sure when such a custom came into being.
没有人确切知道这种风俗是什么时候形成的。
[名师点津]
come into being无被动语态，也不能用于进行时态。
inspect vt.检查；视察
(教材P30)When scientists inspected the bones，they were surprised to find that these dinosaurs could not only run like the others but also climb trees.
科学家们观察它们的骨头时，惊奇地发现它们不仅跟其他恐龙一样可以跑，而且还可以爬树。
(1)inspect sb./sth.for sth. 因……而检查某人/某物
(2)inspection n. 检查；视察
inspector n. 检查员；视察者
①The meat will be sent for further inspection.
这些肉将被送去作进一步检查。
②The mother spends one hour inspecting(inspect) the child's homework every night.
那位母亲每天晚上花一小时来检查孩子的作业。
[语境助记]
It is said that an inspector will come to inspect our school，and he will judge our school according to his inspection.
据说一位检查员将来我们学校视察，并根据他的视察情况来评判我们学校。
according to按照；根据……所说
(教材P30)According to a UN report，some 844 animals and plants have disappeared in the last 500 years.
根据联合国的一份报告，在过去500年里，有大约844种动植物消失。
(1)according to其后可接名词、代词或what从句
(2)according to用来引出来自他人或他处的消息，不能与me或my opinion连用；表示自己的观点用in my opinion，意为“依我看”
①According to the latest survey，many animals have nearly died out.
根据最新的调查，许多动物濒临灭绝。
②Everything went according to the plan，and we arrived on time.
一切按计划进行，我们按时到达了。
③In my opinion，the film is wonderful.
依我看，这部电影很不错。
(教材P28)After a while she saw some zebra with black and white lines going beneath their stomachs．
过了一会儿她看到了一些斑马，它们身上有一直延伸到腹部的黑白相间的条纹。
【要点提炼】 句中with black and white lines going beneath their stomachs 是介词with的复合结构。该结构在句中作定语，修饰some zebra。
with的复合结构如下：
①She came to a river with green grass and red flowers on both sides.
她来到了一条两边长着红花绿草的小河边。
②A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the house.
一个掉了两颗门牙的小男孩跑进了房子里。
③With the key lost (lose)，he had to wait outside the door.由于钥匙丢了，他只好在门外等着。
④With a lot of things to settle (settle)，I can't go to see a film.
有许多问题要解决，我不能去看电影了。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Do you know when the Great Wall first came into being(be)?
2．Please put your luggage here for safety inspection(inspect)．
3．That will make a good ending (end) to the book.
4．With an article to write (write)，I have to stay up late tonight.
5．Suddenly they noticed a house with two big trees standing in front of it.
6．It was not long before his dream came true.
7．The boy was bitten(bite) by a dog when he was walking in the street.
8．The dog acts very fiercely(fierce)．Don't stand close to it.
9．The room where we took pictures is dusty(dust)．
10．He sat at the corner so that he survived the accident.
Ⅱ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
As is known to all，sports stars earn large amounts of money every year.LeBron James，the famous American basketball star，for instance，earns an income of more than 20 million dollars a year.Some people hold the view that these stars do not deserve the high pay that they are getting.Some even argue that sports stars do nothing to society apart from entertaining people.Their contributions to society are much less than those made by doctors，firemen，scientists，professors，etc.But I can never agree with that.
While sports are for entertainment，it does not mean that they are not important to people's life.Why do so many people go to see football matches and NBA games？It is because they enjoy the games，and they are willing to pay to watch the performances.Because of the sports stars，our life becomes more exciting.Some sports stars gain honor for their country，and their countrymen are proud of them.They contribute to the spiritual well?being of their people.
What's more，sports stars usually are at the top level in their fields.In this world，you have to pay if you want the best.It is the same with sports.Skills in sports are like the skills in works of art.People will not say that Da Vinci's painting Mona Lisa was bought for too much money.Most stars are skilled in their own field not only because of their talents but also because of their hard training.They have to keep performing at their peak to earn that good income.
Their influence on the national economy can not be overlooked.Take NBA in America for example，the stars help to support not only the basketball industry，but also other related industries like sportswear and sports equipment.Sports stars also make constant appearances in advertisements.Since they are well known in the world，they attract many people's attention，which often leads to an immediate boom in the sales of the products that are advertised by them.
I hope one day their accomplishments will be fully recognized.
【参考范文】
Different from some people's views，the writer believes sports stars' pay is not too high but reasonable.(要点1) First，sports stars' performance bring people excitement and spiritual well?being.(要点2)Besides，they are the best in their fields thanks to their talents and hard training.(要点3)Lastly，sports stars like those in NBA contribute to the national economy by benefiting basketball industry，advertising industry as well as other related industries.(要点4)
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Section Ⅴ Writing——建议信
建议信的目的是向有关组织或个人提出建议，而且这种建议带有劝说性。此类信通常向对方传达对某事物的关心和针对某事物的不足之处提出改进的建议和措施。
一、基本结构
1．开头
说明写信的原因、理由以及自己的目的、想法。
2．主体
围绕对方的困惑、烦恼等问题，用委婉的语气提出自己的建议或看法，并指出你所提建议可能会带来的好处。
3．结尾
提出希望自己的建议被采纳的想法。
二、注意事项
1．人称和时态的合理使用。
2．语言要委婉、中肯，建议要合理，表达要清楚。
3．写作要点不能遗漏，表达方式要多样，行文须连贯，过渡要自然。
一、建议信开头常用句式
1．I am sorry to know that...
2．I am very glad to hear that you want to...
3．I know you have trouble in...
4．I am writing to you for the purpose of...
5．In my personal opinion，it would be wise of you to take the following actions.
二、建议信主体段落常用句式，给出建议
1．first，firstly，secondly...then，after that，in the end，finally，meanwhile...
2．I think it would be more beneficial if you could...
三、建议信结尾常用句式
1．I believe you will take my advice into account.
2．I hope you will find these proposals/suggestions practical/
useful/helpful.
3．I will be more than happy to see improvements in this regard.
假如你是李华，请根据下表内容给中国野生动物保护协会CWCA(China Wildlife Conservation Association)的会长写一封100词左右的建议信。
问题 1990年藏羚羊(Tibetan antelopes)的数量大约为100万只，现在只剩不到30万只，数量急剧减少
建议 1.加大对藏羚羊保护的宣传(publicize)力度； 2．增加保护资金；3．派出一些志愿者来协助保护藏羚羊。
体裁 建议信 时态 以一般现在时为主
主题 保护藏羚羊 人称 以第三人称为主
结构 第一段：说明写信的原因 第二段：用委婉的语气提出自己的建议 第三段：提出自己的希望
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1．importance n． 重要(性)
2．so that 以便
3．in danger 在危险中
4．die out 灭亡；逐渐消失
5．the number of... ……的数量
6．protect...from... 保护……不受……(危害)
7．decrease from...to... 从……减少到……
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
(一)完成句子
1．1990年大约有100万只藏羚羊。
There were about 1，000，000 Tibetan antelopes in 1990.
2．藏羚羊的数量正在迅速减少，现在不到300 000。
The number of the Tibetan antelopes is decreasing rapidly to less than 300，000 at present.
3．我们必须立即采取措施保护藏羚羊免于灭绝。
We must take immediate measures to protect the Tibetan antelopes from dying out．
4．首先，保护藏羚羊的重要性应该通过你们的协会加大宣传。
First，the importance of protecting Tibetan antelopes should be publicized through your association.
5．其次，你会为处在危险中的藏羚羊提供更多的资金吗？
Second，would you provide more money for the Tibetan antelopes (which/that are) in danger?
6．最后但同样重要的是，我建议派一些志愿者去那里。
Last but not least，I suggest that some volunteers (should) be sent there．
7．他们可以帮助保护藏羚羊。
They can help protect the Tibetan antelopes.
(二)句式升级
8．用decrease from...to...把句子1、2合并为一个简单句
The number of the Tibetan antelopes is decreasing rapidly from about 1，000，000 in 1990 to less than 300，000 at present.
9．用被动语态改写句子3
Immediate measures must be taken to protect the Tibetan antelopes from dying out.
10．用so that...合并句子6、7
Last but not least，I suggest that some volunteers be sent there so that they can help protect the Tibetan antelopes.
【参考范文】
Dear President，
I'm writing to give some suggestions to further protect the Tibetan antelopes.The number of the Tibetan antelopes is decreasing rapidly from about 1，000，000 in 1990 to less than 300，000 at present.
Immediate measures must be taken to protect the Tibetan antelopes from dying out.First，the importance of protecting Tibetan antelopes should be publicized through your association.Second，would you provide more money for the Tibetan antelopes in danger? Last but not least，I suggest that some volunteers be sent there so that they can help protect the Tibetan antelopes.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
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Unit 4 Wildlife protection
【导读】 《野性的呼唤》，又名《荒野的呼唤》(The Call of the Wild)，是美国著名作家杰克·伦敦创作的中篇小说。该作品以一只狗的经历表现文明世界的狗在主人的逼迫下回到野蛮，写的是狗，也反映人的世界。阅读下面的节选，仔细体会该小说的主题：生命总是在不断挣扎求存的过程中获得意义与力量。
【节选】
The call of the wild
In five minutes Buck had made fourteen hundred dollars for Thornton and his friends.The money made it possible for them to travel east，where they wanted to look for a lost gold mine.Men said that this mine had more gold than any other mine in the north.Many had looked for it，and some had died looking for it.The only men who knew where it was were now dead.
Thornton，Pete and Hans，with Buck and six other dogs，started off to the east in the spring.They travelled up the Stewart River and crossed the Mackenzie Mountains.They did not move quickly；the weather was good，and the men shot animals for food when they needed it.Sometimes they travelled for a week，and sometimes they stopped for a week and searched for gold in the ground.Sometimes they were hungry，and sometimes they had lots of food.They spent all the summer in the mountains，carrying everything they needed on their backs，sometimes making boats to go down rivers or across lakes.
In the autumn they came to a strange，flat country，with many lakes.They travelled on through the winter and met nobody，but once they found an old wooden① house，with an old gun in it.
When the spring came，they found，not the lost mine，but a lake in a wide valley.Through the shallow water the gold showed like yellow butter，and here their search ended.There was gold worth thousands of dollars in the lake，and they worked every day，filling bag after bag with gold.
The dogs had nothing to do except watch the men and eat the food which the men shot for them.Buck spent many evenings sitting by the fire.
As he sat，he saw again his dream world，where the strange hairy② man sat next to him.He also heard something calling him into the forest.Sometimes，in the middle of the day，he lifted his head and listened，and then ran off into the forest.
One night he woke up and heard the call again，a long howl③.He ran into the forest，following the sound，and came to an open place in the trees.And there，his nose pointing to the sky，sat a wolf.
The wolf stopped howling and Buck walked slowly towards him.The wolf ran，and Buck followed.After a time，the wolf stopped and waited，watching Buck，ready to attack.But Buck did not want to fight，and soon the wolf realized this，and the two animals became friendly.Then the wolf started to run again，and he clearly wanted Buck to follow him.They ran for hours through the forest，and Buck remembered again his dream world where he，and others like him，had run through a much older forest.
Then they stopped to drink，and Buck remembered John Thornton.He turned and started to run back.The wolf followed him，then stopped and howled，but Buck ran on and did not turn.Thornton was eating dinner when Buck returned.Buck jumped all over him，and for two days never left his side.He followed him every where，watching him while he ate and while he slept.But after two days the call of the wild came again，and he remembered the forest and the wolf who had run beside him.
He started to sleep out in the forest at night，sometimes staying out for three or four days.Once he was away for a week，fishing and killing animals for food.He ate well，and he grew stronger and quicker and more alive.His golden brown coat shone with health as he ran through the forest，learning its every secret，every smell，and every sound.
‘He's the finest dog that I've ever seen，’ said Thornton to his friends one day as they watched Buck walking out of camp.
‘There'll never be another dog like him，’ said Pete.
They saw him walking out of camp but they didn't see the change that happened when he was inside the forest.At once he became a thing of the wild，stepping softly and silently，a passing shadow④ among the trees.
In the autumn，Buck started to see moose⑤ in the forest.One day he met a group of about twenty.The largest was two metres tall，and his antlers were more than two metres across.When he saw Buck，he got very angry.For hours Buck followed the moose；he wanted the big one，but he wanted him alone.By the evening Buck had driven the big old moose away from the others，and then he began his attack.The animal weighed six hundred and fifty kilos—he was big enough and strong enough to kill Buck in seconds.Patiently，Buck followed him for four days，attacking and then jumping away.He gave him no peace，no time to eat or drink or rest，and slowly the moose became weaker.At the end of the fourth day Buck pulled the moose down and killed him.He stayed by the dead animal for a day and a half，eating，and then turned towards camp and John Thornton.
Five kilometres from the camp，he smelt something strange.Something was wrong.He started to run.After a few hundred metres he found the dead body of Blackie，with an arrow through his side.Then he found another sledge dog，dying，with an arrow in his neck.
Buck was near the camp now，and he could hear voices singing.Then he saw the body of Hans，lying on his face，with ten or fifteen arrows in his back.Buck was suddenly filled with a wild，burning anger.
The Yeehats⑥ were dancing around the camp，when they heard a deep and terrible growling.Buck came out of the trees faster than the north wind，and threw himself on the Yeehats like a mad dog.He jumped at the first man，and tore out his throat，
野性的呼唤
不过5分钟，巴克就为桑顿和他的朋友们赚了1400美元。他们有足够的钱去东部旅行，他们想在那里寻找一座下落不明的金矿。人们传说那座金矿比任何一座北方的金矿都富足。许多人都在寻找它，有一些人为了寻找它而命丧黄泉。那唯一知道金矿下落的人已经死了。
桑顿，皮特和汉斯，带着巴克和另外6条狗，在春天向东方启程了。他们渡过了斯塔沃特河，翻过了麦肯瑟山脉。他们走得并不快。天气很不错。有时人们就打点野味来充饥。有时他们连续走一星期，有时他们会逗留一星期在地下寻找金矿。有时他们忍饥挨饿，有时又食物丰足。他们在山区里度过了夏天，背着所有必需品，有时他们制造小船沿河漂流或者横渡湖泊。
秋天的时候他们来到一个奇特而平坦的国度，有许多湖泊。他们跋涉了整整一个冬天，没有碰到一个人。但是他们发现过一座古老的木屋，还有屋内一杆旧枪。
当春天又来临的时候，他们发现的不是那座下落不明的金矿，而是一个位于宽阔峡谷中的湖泊。透过浅浅的湖水，金子就像黄澄澄的奶油一样。他们的搜寻到此结束了。湖中的金子价值连城，他们每天都工作，装满了一袋又一袋的金子。
狗无所事事，只好看人们工作和吃人们打来的野味。巴克总是坐在火边消磨着夜晚的时光。
当他蹲坐在那里时，他又一次看到了他梦中的世界，那个奇怪的毛发浓密的人坐在他的旁边。他依然感受到那来自丛林的呼唤。有时正值正午，他就抬头聆听着，然后就会蹿进森林里。
一天晚上他从睡梦中醒来，又听到那呼唤，长长的嗥叫。他跑进森林，追随着那呼声，来到了林子间的一片空地上。在那儿，蹲坐着一头狼，仰首望天。
狼停止了嗥叫，巴克慢慢向他走过去。狼跑开了，巴克紧追不舍。过了一段时间，狼停住步子等待着，打量着巴克，准备着一场恶斗。但是巴克无意开战，很快狼就意识到了这点。两头动物变得友好起来。然后狼又开始了奔跑，很明显他希望巴克跟着他。他们在森林中跑了数个小时，巴克又想起了他梦中的世界，在那里他和他的同类，穿过一座古老的森林。
当他们停下来喝水的时候，巴克想起了约翰·桑顿。他掉头向回跑去。狼跟着他，然后停下来嗥叫着，但是巴克头也不回继续奔跑回去。巴克回来的时候，桑顿正在吃晚饭。巴克扑在他的身上，有两天不肯离开他的左右，到哪儿都跟着他，即使睡觉和吃饭也不肯把目光挪开。但是两天之后，那野性的呼唤又响了起来，他又想起了森林和那头同他并驾齐驱的狼。
他开始在夜晚露宿在森林里，有时一呆就是三四天。有一次他跑出去了一个星期，捕鱼猎兽觅食吃。他吃的很好，变得越发健壮敏捷，也更有生气。在他奔跑在森林里的时候，他的金褐色的皮毛闪着健康的光泽。他探索着森林中每一处的神秘，每一种气味，每一声声响。
“他是我见过的最出色的狗，”桑顿有一天对他的朋友们说，他们正看着巴克跑出营地。
“绝无仅有”。皮特说。
他们只看见他跑出了营地，但是他们无从知晓他在森林中发生的本质的变化。他会立刻变成一头野兽，步子轻捷无声，像一道阴影擦过森林。
在秋天，巴克开始在森林中发现驼鹿。有一天他碰上了大约有20头的一群驼鹿。最大的一头有两米高，两只鹿角甚至有两米多宽。他看见巴克的时候，十分生气。巴克跟随了这只驼鹿数个小时；他想要这头大个儿的，但需要单独捕杀他。到傍晚时分，巴克把那头大个儿的老驼鹿赶到了鹿群之外，然后发动了进攻。那动物重达650公斤——他高大强壮到足以在数秒中杀死巴克。巴克耐心地跟随了他4天，进攻一下就又跳开，他让他不得安宁，没有时间进食喝水，也无法休息。渐渐地那驼鹿衰弱下去。到第4天结束的当口儿，巴克扑倒了那头驼鹿杀死了他。他在死兽旁待了一天半的光景，吃食，然后返回到营地和约翰·桑顿那里去。
离营地5公里远，他嗅到了异味，出事了。他开始奔跑。几百米之后他发现了布莱吉的尸体，一支羽箭插在他身体的一侧。然后他又发现了另一只雪橇狗，脖子上插着一支羽箭，奄奄待毙。
现在巴克已经接近营地了，他听到歌声传来。之后他看到了汉斯的尸体，脸向下俯在地上，大约有10到15支羽箭插在他的后背上。巴克心中突然燃烧起了狂野的怒火。
印第安人正围绕着营地跳舞，他们听到一声低沉可怕的咆哮。巴克比北风还要迅捷，从树丛中蹿了出来，他像一条疯狗一样直扑到印第安人身上去。他扑向第一个人，撕开了他的喉咙，令他当场毙命。然后他又扑向第二个人，然后又是第三个人，每一次都瞄准咽喉。印第安人既不能逃走也不能用他们的箭。巴克像暴
killing him at once.He jumped onto a second，then a third man，going each time for the throat.The Yeehats could neither escape nor use their arrows.Buck moved like a storm among them，tearing，biting，destroying，in a madness that he had never known before.Nothing could stop him，and soon the Yeehats were running，wild with fear，back to the forest.Buck followed for some time，then returned to the camp.
He found Pete，killed in his bed.He followed Thornton's smell to a deep pool，and found Skeet lying dead by the edge.Thornton's body was somewhere under the water.
All day Buck stayed by the pool or walked restlessly round the camp.But when the evening came，he heard new sounds from the forest；the wolves had come south for the winter，and were moving into Buck's valley.They came into the camp in the moonlight，and Buck stood silently，waiting for them.Suddenly，the bravest wolf jumped at Buck.In a second，Buck had bitten，and then stood still again.The wolf was dead behind him.Three more wolves jumped at him，and were killed.
Then the pack attacked in a crowd all at once.But not one of them could bring Buck down；he was too quick，too strong，too clever for them all.After half an hour the pack stopped attacking and moved away.Then one wolf moved forward slowly，in a friendly way；it was the wolf that Buck had met before in the forest.They touched noses.Then another wolf came forward to make friends，and another.Soon the pack was all around Buck，and the call of the wild was loud in Buck's ears.And when the wolves moved on，back into the forest，Buck ran with them，side by side.
That is perhaps the end of Buck's story.But after a few years，the Yeehats noticed that some of the wolves had golden brown in their grey coats.They also talked of a Ghost Dog that ran at the head of the pack.
And sometimes men were found dead，killed by the teeth of a terrible animal.And each autumn，when the Yeehats follow the moose，there is one valley that they will not go into.
In the summers there is one visitor to that valley：a large，golden?brown wolf，larger than any other wolf.He walks alone round the lake where the yellow gold shines in the water，and howls.But he is not always alone.In the long winter nights，he runs at the head of the wolf pack through the moonlight，calling into the night with them，singing a song from a younger world.
风雪一样掠过他们，撕扯，啃啮，破坏，他陷入过去从未有过的疯狂。没有任何人能制止他，于是很快印第安人就在恐惧的狂乱中逃进了森林。巴克追赶了一阵，就返回了营地。
他发现皮特被杀死在床上。他嗅着桑顿的气味找到了一个深水潭，发现斯开特倒毙在潭边。桑顿的尸体可能在水下的某个地方。
整整一天巴克待在水潭边，闻或围着营地不停地奔走。但是当夜幕降临的时候，他听到森林中传出新的声响；狼群来到南方过冬了，他们正朝着巴克的山谷而来。他们在月光下来到了营地。巴克静静地站立着等待着他们。突然，一只最勇敢的狼扑向巴克。仅仅一秒钟，巴克就咬住了他，然后重新站直。狼死在他的身后。另3条狼又扑了上来，也死掉了。
然后狼群集体一起出击了。但是没有一头狼能扑倒巴克；他对他们整体来说，太过迅捷，太强壮，也太聪明了。半小时之后狼群停止了进攻，开始撤退。有一头狼缓缓地走上前来，做出友好的姿态；这就是巴克以前在森林中遇到的那只狼。他们互相碰碰鼻子致意。然后另外一只狼也走上来交朋友，然后又是一只。很快巴克就被狼群围在了中心。野性的呼唤在巴克耳边响彻。狼群前进了，他们返回森林，巴克和他们一起并肩奔跑。
这也许就是关于巴克的故事的尾声了。但是几年之后，印第安人注意到灰色的狼群中有一些有金褐色的皮毛。他们还谈论着跑在狼群前的一只幽灵一样的狗。
有时有一些人被发现被一个可怕动物用牙齿咬死了。每年秋天，当印第安人追赶驼鹿的时候，有一个山谷他们从来不进去。
在夏天的时候，山谷里只有一个探访者：一头高大金褐色的狼，比任何一头狼都高大。他沿着湖边走着，嗥叫着，水底的黄金闪烁着光芒。但他也不总是独自一个的。在漫长的冬夜，他带领狼群在月光下跑过，同他们一起在夜晚呼喊着，在一个更有生气的世界里唱着歌。
[知识积累]
1．wooden adj. 木制的，木头的
2．hairy adj. 多毛的，毛茸茸的
3．howl n. 嚎叫
4．shadow n. 阴影
5．moose n. 麋，驼鹿
6．Yeehat n. 印第安人
[文化链接]
《野性的呼唤》之角色解读
在小说中，巴克只是一只狗，但是杰克·伦敦运用拟人手法，拟人化了它以及它周围的环境，把巴克眼中的世界及人类的本质刻画得淋漓尽致，反映了资本主义社会冷酷的现实和“优胜劣汰，适者生存”的客观现实。巴克渴望并奔向了自由，这也正是伦敦的追求和理想的体现。
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