人教新课标必修3 Unit 5 Canada – “The True North”难句解析教案

Book 3 Unit 5 难句解析
1. Going eastward, you’ll pass mountains and thousands of lakes and forests, as well as wide rivers and large cities. (P34)
Going eastward是现在分词短语作时间状语，相当于一个状语从句When you go eastward，分词短语可以在句中作时间、原因、方式或结果状语。分词作状语时其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。如果分词与句子的主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，那么用现在分词；如果分词与句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，那么用过去分词。如：
They stood there waiting for the bus.
Asked to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.
【练习】 用所给动词的适当形式填空：
1） ______ (hear) the knock on the door, they stopped talking. （听见有人敲们，他们停止了谈话。）
2） ______ (see) from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us. （从山顶看城市，城市显得更漂亮。）
2. Skiing in the Rocky Mountains and sailing in the harbour make Vancouver one of Canada’s most popular cities to live in. (P34)
... to live in 是动词不定式作后置定语，修饰cities，动词不定式作定语时表示将来的动作。需要注意两点：
① 不定式与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，因此如果动词不定式是不及物动词，则需加介词。如：
There is nothing to worry about.
He used to have a lot of meetings to attend.
② 动词不定式与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，同时与句中其它词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系时，尽管有被动含义，却仍用主动语态；如只有动宾关系，而无逻辑上的主谓关系，则需用被动语态。如：
I have a lot of homework to do, so I can’t go shopping with you.
I am going to the supermarket. Do you have anything to be bought?
【练习】 完成句子：
3） He is always ___________________.（他总是第一个来，最后一个走。）
4） Have you anything ______________ ?（你有什么需要我带给你姐姐的吗？）
5） Would you please give me some paper___________? （请给我些纸好吗，我要在上面写东西。）
3. They were not leaving for Montreal until later, so they went on a tour of the city. (P38)
... were not leaving for... 是用进行时表将来，表示一个在最近按计划或安排打算要进行的动作。能用进行时表将来的词有go, come, leave, start, arrive, give, return, work, sleep, stay, play, do, have, meet, take, see off, get to 等。 如：
He is coming here next week and is staying here until August.
The party is starting.
【拓展】 进行时有时可以和always等词连用，带有感彩，常常表示某种令人不悦的情况。如：
You are always finding fault with me. 你老是挑我的毛病。
John is always losing things. 约翰总是丢三落四的。
【练习】 完成句子：
6) ______ Beijing soon. My husband ______ at the airport. （我马上要去北京了。我丈夫准备到机场为我送行。）
7. You _________________________.（你老是犯同样的错误。）
4. Over dinner at a restaurant called The Pink Pearl, the cousins chatted with Lin Fei, who had moved to Canada many years earlier. (P38)
over作介词，意为“在……期间，在（一件事，一段时间的）过程中”。如：
We will discuss it over lunch.
Over the next few days they got to know the town well.
【练习】 完成句子：
8) We are away ____________________________.（新年期间我们不在家。）
9）________________________________ he’s become more and more patient.（经过这么多年，他已经变得越来越有耐心了。）
参考答案
1) Hearing 2) Seen 3) the first to come and the last to leave 4) to be taken to your sister 5) to write on 6) I’m leaving for; is seeing me off 7) are always making the same mistake 8) over the New Year 9) Over the years