健康是人类最大的财富，这也许每个人都知道。但真正对这句话感悟至深的，恐怕大多数是那些不再健康或曾经不健康的人。如何保持身心健康呢？读完这篇文章，相信你会珍惜现在的自己！
Nowadays more and more people are concerned about their health.But how to keep healthy？Different people may give different answers to this question.Experts say it is essential to do the followings.
First，it is absolutely necessary to take some exercise every day.Research shows that getting plenty of exercise makes the heart beat faster and the lungs work harder.This strengthens the heart，reduces the chance of heart attacks，and helps lower blood pressure.That's why more and more people are becoming active in various kinds of sports and exercise.Through sports and exercise，people become healthier and stronger.
It is widely recognized that a healthy，balanced diet is essential for preventing disease and illness，managing your weight，living longer and keeping things such as hair，skin and nails in good condition.
Medical researchers have proved that what people eat affects their health.They advise people to eat more fruits and vegetables and less meat such as beef and pork because meat contains more fat than poultries and fish.Fat can build up in the arteries，block the flow of blood，and cause a heart attack or stroke.
Getting rid of bad habits like smoking and drinking alcohol is also an important way to keep healthy.Smoking and drinking alcohol injure one's health a great deal，and therefore should be given up.Unfortunately，few people follow this advice.
If people follow these three ways of keeping fit，they will greatly improve their health.
[阅读障碍词]
1．essential adj. 极其重要的
2．strengthen vt. 增强
3．poultry n. 家禽
4．artery n. 动脉
5．stroke n. 中风
[诱思导读]
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
1．What are the three ways of keeping fit according to the passage?
Take some exercise everyday；keep a healthy，balanced diet；get rid of bad habits like smoking and drinking alcohol.
2．What do medical researchers advise us to eat?
They advise us to eat more fruits and vegetables and less meat.
Section Ⅰ Reading (Welcome to the unit & Reading)
Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思
( )1.yogurt A．vi.昏倒；倒塌
n．塌陷；昏倒；突然失败
( )2.collapse B．n.酸奶
( )3.immediately C．n.当局，官方；权力
( )4.authority D．adv.立即，马上
conj.一……就
( )5.prove E ．adv.稍微，略微
( )6.slightly F．vt.证明，证实 linking v．后来
被发现是
( )7.nutrition G．vi.起作用，正常工作，运转
n．作用，功能，职能
( )8.fun_ction H．n.营养
( )9.aspect I．n.官员，要员 adj.公务的，公
职的；正式的，官方的
( )10.official J．n.方面，层面
[答案] 1－5 BADCF 6－10 EHGJI
Ⅱ.选择下列句中词组的汉语意思
A．强身健体 B．减肥，变苗条 C．吸收 D．而不是 E．担心，担忧 F．求助于
( )1.They really look delicious，but I have to slim down.
( )2.Our club plans to take in 20 new members.
( )3.My cousin must have made an effort to get into shape.
( )4.With no one to turn to in her difficult times，my mother felt bad.
( )5.Parents are all concerned about their children.
( )6.I think I'll have a cold drink rather than coffee.
[答案] 1－6 BCAFED
第一步 速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
速读P44－P45教材课文，选择最佳答案
What is the passage mainly about?
A．Unhealthy weight-loss.
B．Skipping meals.
C．Physical appearance.
D．Healthy diets.
[答案] A
第二步 细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P44－P45教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．How was Jennifer when she was rushed to the hospital?
A．Stable. B．Unhealthy.
C．Well. D．Fine.
2．What did Laura do when she found Jennifer was skipping meals?
A．She supported Jennifer greatly.
B．She told it to the reporter.
C．She told Jennifer not to skip meals.
D．She made Jennifer concentrate in class.
3．Which of the following is a good way to lose weight?
A．Regularly skipping meals.
B．Doing over-exercise.
C．Eating weight-loss pills.
D．Getting enough exercise.
4．What should teenagers do to get into shape?
A．Find some quick-fix methods.
B．Take in too much nutrition.
C．Live a healthy life.
D．Have two meals a day.
[答案] 1－4 BCDC
第三步 研读——能力升华，接轨高考
根据P44－P45教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It's reported that 1.skipping(skip) meals made a teenage girl，Jennifer Jones，collapsed yesterday.She 2.was rushed(rush) to hospital because she felt unwell and then fainted in her morning PE lesson.Fortunately，now she is in a stable condition and will make a full 3.recovery(recover) in a day or two.
Jennifer thought skipping meals would be a simple way 4.to lose(lose) weight，but her friend Laura didn't think so.Laura once warned her not to skip meals，but in vain.Jennifer's case is 5.a reminder of the dangers of 6.unhealthy(healthy) weight-loss habits 7.that/which have become common among teenagers.In fact，some extreme quick-fix methods have too many side-effects and do great harm 8.to teenagers' health.What teenagers should do is to have a healthy 9.balanced(balance) diet，keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise.Only in this way can teenagers get into shape safely and 10.effectively(effective)．
课件25张PPT。Unit 4 Looking good,feeling goodSection Ⅰ Reading (Welcome to the unit & Reading)recoveryskippingwas rushedthat/whichto loseaunhealthyeffectivelytobalancedThank you for watching !Section Ⅱ Language Points (Welcome to the unit & Reading)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．A stable(稳定的) government is essential to economic growth.
2．His encouragement has a magical effect(影响) on children.
3．The novel which was written by Moyan presents one aspect (方面) of the reform in the countryside.
4．Many children at the school were found to be suffering from inadequate nutrition(营养)．
5．These products may help you to keep slim(苗条)．
6．When nutrients are in short supply the body cannot fun_ction properly.
7．I don't feel energetic enough to rush about，so I'll sit down.
8．The President was leaving for a four-day official visit to Mexico.
9．As far as I am concerned，a good way to stay healthy is to have a balanced diet.
10．I got quite frightened when he lost his temper.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．concern n．担心；关心 vt.使担忧；涉及；关系到→concerned adj.担心的；忧虑的；关注的，关切的
2．effect n．效果，作用；影响→effective adj.有效的；生效的
3．office n．办公室；职务→official n．官员，要员 adj.公务的，公职的；正式的，官方的
4．frighten v．使惊恐，吓唬→frightened adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受吓的→frightening adj.令人恐惧的；令人害怕的
5．energy n．精力，活力→ energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的
n.＋ -al→adj.
v.＋ -ed →adj.
national adj.国家的，全国性的，民族的
traditional adj.传统的
musical adj.音乐的
accustomed adj.通常的，习惯的
addicted adj.上瘾的，有强烈兴趣的
disabled adj.残废的，残疾的
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．slim down 减肥，变苗条
2．take in 吸收，摄入，欺骗；使上当
3．get into shape 强身健体
4．turn to 求助于
5．be concerned about 担心，担忧
6．rather than 而不是
7．what's more 更为重要的是，更有甚者
8．pay attention to 注意
9．keep regular hours 作息有规律
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．Don't be taken in by his charming manner.
2．It's said that everyone is concerned about the lost boy's safety.
3．I had warned him of the possible danger，but he didn't pay attention to it.
4．We'll have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the auditorium.
5．More and more farmers are beginning to turn to organic farming.
to作介词的动词短语
vt.＋n.＋prep.→动词短语
look forward to期盼
pay attention to注意
lead to导致
take care of照顾
catch sight of看见；看到
do harm to对……有害
背教材原句
记句式结构
仿写促落实
1.Jennifer thought that skipping meals would be a simple way to reach her target weight.
詹妮弗认为不吃饭是达到目标体重的简单方法。
a way to do...意为“做某事的方法”
Could you give me some advice on the best way to do this?
您能就怎样以最好的方式处理这件事给我提点儿建议吗？
2.As this case proves，these so-called “quick-fix methods” present an unnecessary risk to teenagers.
正如这个例子所证明的，这些所谓的“速效法”给青少年带来了不必要的风险。
as意为“正如”，引导非限制性定语从句
As is known to all/As we (all) know，the earth moves around the sun.
众所周知，地球绕着太阳转。
3.It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried.
青少年轻微超重是正常的，他们没有理由担心。
there is no reason why...意为“没有理由……”
There is no reason why you shall not do such a thing.
你没有理由不做这种事。
concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；聚集；全神贯注
(教材P45)Sometimes she told me she had trouble concentrating in class.
有时她告诉我她上课注意力不集中。
(1)concentrate on/upon (doing) sth.
专心(做)某事
concentrate one's mind/attention/energy/efforts on
集中注意力于；全力以赴于
(2)concentration n. 集中精力；专心
①I can't concentrate on my studies with that noise going on.
有噪音我不能集中精力学习。
②You must concentrate your attention on improving (improve) your English.
你必须全力以赴提高你的英语。
③You should concentrate your mind on/upon finishing the homework.
你应该集中精力完成作业。
[联想助记]
表示“全神贯注于/专心于……”的短语还有：
①focus on/upon
②be buried/absorbed/lost in
③put one's heart into
④pay full attention to
⑤devote oneself to
⑥focus/fix one's mind/attention on
effect n．影响；效果；作用
(教材P45)They are increasing their efforts to educate teens about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.
他们正加大力度教育青少年减肥过快的副作用。
(1)have an effect on＝have an influence on＝have an impact on
对……有影响
put/bring...into effect 使某物开始使用
in effect 事实上；实际上
take effect 生效；奏效
come into effect 开始实施；开始生效
side effect 副作用
(2)effective adj. 有效的
affect v. 影响；感动
①The new law will not take effect as planned.
新的法律不会像计划的那样见效。
②The new law is said to have come into effect from April.
据说新法律已经从四月起开始生效。
③Great scientific achievements will greatly affect our life as well as society.＝Great scientific achievements will have a great effect on our life as well as society.
重大的科技成果将对我们的生活和社会产生很大的影响。
④In effect，we feel superior to them.
实际上，我们觉得比他们优秀。
diet n．节食；日常饮食 vi.节食；进行规定饮食
(教材P45)It is important to have a healthy balanced diet.
有健康均衡的饮食很重要。
a balanced diet 均衡的饮食
be on a diet/go on a diet 控制饮食
put sb.on a diet 使某人节食
①All you need is enough sleep and a balanced diet.
你所需要的是充足的睡眠和均衡的饮食。
②The doctor advised him to go on a diet to lose weight.
医生建议他控制饮食减肥。
③You're overweight，and I'm going to put you on a diet.
你的体重超重了，必须节食。
[明辨异同] diet，food
diet
指的是日常饮食或特定饮食，尤其指维持健康的定质定量的营养饮食。常用作可数名词，和a连用
food
是食物的总称。凡是可以充饥的有营养的东西都可以称作food，常作不可数名词；但表示食物的种类时为可数名词
fun_ction n．作用；功能；职能
vi.起作用；正常工作；运转
(教材P45)Teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to fun_ction well.
青少年还在成长，他们的身体需要大量的营养才能正常运转。
fun_ction as... 起到……作用
fun_ction well/properly 正常运转
①This machine is not functioning properly.
这部机器运转不正常。
②The sofa can also fun_ction as a bed.
这沙发也可以当床用。
take in包括；摄入；吸收；欺骗；领会，理解；收留
(教材P45)If they do not take in enough food，they may feel weak and get ill easily.
如果他们没有摄入足够的食物，他们可能会感到虚弱，且很容易生病。
写出下列句中take in的含义
①This is the total cost of the holiday，taking everything in.包括
②We are taken in by his promise of quick profit.欺骗
③I don't take in what you are talking about.理解，明白
④He was homeless，so we took him in.收留；留宿
take away 拿开；拿走；解除，消除(痛苦等)
take down 拆掉；写下；记录
take off 起飞；迅速流行；脱下(衣服)；突
然开始成功；拿走；取下；休假
take on 呈现；雇用；承担
take over 接管；接替
take up 拿起；占据；从事；继续；接受
⑤There will be many challenges ahead，but I have confidence that I'll take on the burden.
尽管前面有很多挑战，但我有信心勇挑重担。
⑥Children spent hours watching the planes take off and land.
孩子们一连几个小时都在看飞机起飞和降落。
⑦When Mr.Green retired，his son took over the business from him.
格林先生退休时，他的儿子接管生意。
frightened adj.害怕的，受吓的，惊吓的
(教材P47)I was very frightened when I woke up in hospital last Thursday.
上星期四我在医院醒来时很害怕。
(1)be frightened of... 害怕……
be frightened at... 对……感到惊恐
(2)frighten vt. 使惊恐，吓唬
frighten sb./sth.away 把……吓跑
frighten sb.into/out of (doing) sth.
恐吓某人做/不做某事
(3)frightening adj. 令人恐惧的；令人害怕的
①She has now begun placing speakers in the fields to see if elephants are frightened away.
她现在开始把扬声器放到田野里，去观察大象是否会被吓走。
②The news was frightening and they were all frightened．(frighten)
这则消息令人恐惧，他们都感到惊恐。
③They frightened the old lady into signing the paper.
他们恐吓那位老太太，使她签了字据。
rather than与其……倒不如；是……而不是
(教材P47)I will pay more attention to my health rather than my weight.
我会更注重我的健康而不是体重。
(1)rather than连接两个并列成分，意为“而不是”。
(2)rather than连接两个主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
(3)would do...rather than do...＝would rather do...than do...＝prefer to do...rather than do...＝prefer doing...to doing...宁愿做……也不愿做……
①We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall.
我们是在教室里开会，不是在大厅里。
②You rather than I are (be) going to go camping.
是你而不是我要去野营。
③She preferred going with us to staying behind.＝She preferred to go (go) with us rather than stay behind.＝She would rather go with us than stay (stay) behind.＝She would go (go) with us rather than stay behind.
她宁愿跟我们一起去也不愿留下来。
(教材P45)As this case proves，these so-called “quick-fix methods” present an unnecessary risk to teenagers.
正如这个例子所证明的，这些所谓的“速效法”给青少年带来了不必要的风险。
【要点提炼】 As this case proves是关系代词as引导的非限制性定语从句，as指代整个主句的内容，作prove的宾语。
(1)as引导非限制性定语从句时，指代整个主句的内容，置于主句的前、中、后均可，意为“正如……”。
(2)as作为连词的用法还有：
①“如同；按照”，引导方式状语从句；
②“当……时候；一边……一边；随着”，引导时间状语从句；
③“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句；
④“尽管”，引导让步状语从句(从句使用部分倒装，即将形容词、副词、名词、动词等放于as前面；单数可数名词提前时应该省掉冠词)；
⑤引导比较状语从句，常用于as...as...句型，意为“像……一样……”(第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词)。
①This man，as you know，is good for nothing.
这个人，正如你所知道的，一事无成。
②As I had a fever，I was absent from school.
由于我发烧了，我就没去上学。
③Strange though/as it may seem，nobody was injured in the accident.
这次意外虽然显得令人不可思议，却没有人受伤。
④Einstein，as is well known，is a famous scientist.＝It is well known that Einstein is a famous scientist.＝ What is well known is that Einstein is a famous scientist.
众所周知，爱因斯坦是位著名的科学家。
[名师点津]
as在非限制性定语从句中作主语时，通常可用it作形式主语，后接that引导的主语从句或用what引导的主语从句来转换。
1．(教材P45) In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful，teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly.
【分析】 本句是一个主从复合句，where引导的是一个限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a society，其中动名词短语being thin作定语从句的主语，being beautiful作介词as的宾语，主句中不定式短语to slim down quickly作目的状语。
【翻译】 在一个以瘦为美的社会里，青少年有时会借助极端的方法来快速减肥。
2．(教材P45)It's normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried.
【分析】 本句是一个主从复合句，and连接表示顺承关系的并列句，第一个分句中it是形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式短语for teenagers to be slightly overweight，第二个分句中why引导的是一个限制性定语从句，修饰先行词reason。
【翻译】 青少年轻微超重是正常的，他们没有理由担心。
课件51张PPT。Unit 4 Looking good,feeling goodSection Ⅱ Language Points (Welcome to the unit & Reading)aspect stableeffectnutritionslimfunctionenergeticofficialfrightenedconcernedofficialconcernedeffectenergeticfrighteneddowninintotoaboutthanmoretokeepturn tobe taken inis concerned aboutpay attention torather thanthe bestway to do this As is known to all/Aswe (all) know There is no reason why on/uponimprovingInononaas 包括欺骗理解，明白收留；留宿overoffintofrighteningfrightenedare to gostaygothough/as WhatasIt点击右图进入…Thank you for watching !Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．He was asked to finish the work on schedule(时间表)．
2．He's been rather negative(否定) about the idea.
3．His short-term memory(记忆) was damaged in the accident.
4．His research has contributed greatly to our understanding of this disease.
5．As we all know，some students are under great pressure nowadays.
6．Once more the soldiers attacked and once more they were defeated.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．press v．压；按；压迫→pressure n．心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促
2．contribute vi. & vt.是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；增加，添加→contribution n．贡献
3．attack n．发作；攻击；抨击 vt.& vi.攻击；侵袭；抨击→attacker n．攻击者
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．in the short term 从短期看
2．contribute to 促成，造成；捐献，捐助
3．stop sb.from doing... 阻止某人做某事
4．suffer from 患(某种病)；受(某种病痛)折磨
5．wake up 醒来； 唤醒，弄醒
6．have trouble (in) doing... 做某事有困难或麻烦
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．Does smoking contribute to lung cancer?
2．Sometimes I still suffer from these weaknesses.
3．I was suddenly woken up by the alarm clock at 3 a．m.
4．In the short term，it may earn you less，in the long term it will pay off.
5．You could ask the teacher for help when you have trouble (in) learning English.
v.＋ -ion →n.
v.＋ ... ＋ from → 动词短语
liberation n．解放
operation n．操作；手术
pollution n．污染
make... from... 由……制造
borrow... from...从……借……
learn... from 向……学习……
contribute to促成，造成；捐献，捐助
(教材P48)What's more，noise pollution and light pollution in big cities may also contribute to sleep problems.
更重要的是，大城市的噪音污染和光污染也可能导致睡眠问题。
contribute...to... 把……贡献给……
have little/a lot/much to contribute (to sth.)
(对……)几乎没有贡献/贡献很大
①He had very little to contribute to the conversation.
他在这次谈话中几乎什么也没说。
②His research has contributed enormously to our understanding of this disease.
他的研究对我们认识这一疾病贡献很大。
③The Song Dynasty contributed three great inventions to world civilization.
宋朝为世界文明贡献出三大发明。
in the short term从短期看
(教材P48)In the short term，people with sleep problems often feel tired，have trouble concentrating and get a poor memory.
从短期看，有睡眠问题的人经常感到疲倦，难以集中注意力，且记忆力差。
in the long term 就长期而言
in terms of... 就……来说；从……角度
be on good/bad terms with... 和……关系好/不好
come to terms with (sb.) 与(某人)达成协议/妥协/和解
①Learning is not always easy，but it is always beneficial in the long term.
学习并不总是那么简单，但从长远看它总是有益的。
②It's hard to come to terms(term) with being unemployed.
很难接受失业这个现实。
③We're on good terms with all our neighbours.
我们与所有的邻居关系都好。
④Correct all these sentences in terms of grammar，spelling，etc，so that she can use them properly.
从语法、拼写等方面改正这些句子，好让她使用恰当。
attack n．发作；攻击；抨击
vt.& vi.攻击；侵袭；抨击
(教材P48)If this happens for a long time，the risks of being overweight and having a heart attack may increase.
如果这种情况持续很长时间，超重和心脏病发作的风险可能会增加。
(1)attack sb.for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而责难某人
be attacked with 患/得(病)
(2)make an attack on/against 攻击；袭击；抨击
under attack 遭到攻击；遭到抨击
a heart attack 一次心脏病发作
①(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)When a student attacks a professor on the social media，the language used actually says more about the student.
当一名学生在社交媒体上抨击一位教授时，所使用的语言确实是更多地说这位学生。
②The newspapers made an attack on/upon the Prime Minister because of the new law.
由于这项新法令的颁布，各报纸纷纷对首相进行抨击。
③The city came under attack during the night.
城市在夜间遭到袭击。
④He was attacked(attack) with disease; this was why he was absent.
他患病了，这就是他没来的原因。
amount n．数量 vi.合计；共计；接近
(教材P49) Everyone knows that the amount of quality sleep that we get is important to us.
每个人都知道高质量的睡眠对我们很重要。
(1)the amount of＋不可数名词
……的数量
a large/great amount of＋不可数名词
大量的……(作主语时谓语动词用单数形式)
large amounts of＋不可数名词
大量的……(作主语时谓语动词用复数形式)
in large/small amounts
大/少量地
(2)amount to
总计为……
①The materials can be produced in large amounts.
这种材料可以大量地生产。
②A large amount of money is spent on the construction of school.＝ Large amounts of money are spent on the construction of school.
大量的钱被花在学校建设上。
③The cost amounts to 10，000 dollars.
成本总计为1万美元。
[名师点津]
表示“大量的”的短语还有a large number of，a great deal of，plenty of，a large quantity of 等。其中a great deal of 只能修饰不可数名词； a large number of修饰可数名词复数；a lot of，plenty of既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。
关系副词引导的限制性定语从句
语 境 自 主 领 悟
先观察原句
后自主感悟
1.That's the cinema where we often go and see films.
2.He enjoyed the four years when he studied in Suzhou.
3.Do you know the reason why(＝for which) the sky is blue？
4.The study is the place at which (＝where) I often have talks with my father.
5.He will always remember the day on which (＝when) he left his hometown.
1.例句1中where引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the cinema，在从句中作地点状语。
2.例句2中when引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the four years，在从句中作时间状语。
3.例句3中why引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the reason，在从句中作原因状语。
4.例句4中at which引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the place，在从句中作地点状语。
5.例句5中on which引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the day，在从句中作时间状语。
一、关系副词的用法
关系副词在引导定语从句时，其功能相当于介词短语，在句中作状语。when，where，why在定语从句中分别作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。
1．when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
I still remember the day when I first went to the Great Wall.
我还记得我第一次去长城的那一天。
The day when we get together will come soon.
我们重聚的日子很快就会来的。
[名师点津]
若时间名词后面的定语从句的引导词在从句中作主语或宾语，则改用which或that引导。
Do you remember the days(which/that)we spent together?
你还记得我们一起度过的那些日子吗？(关系词在从句中作spent的宾语)
2．where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
我10年前居住的那所房子已经被拆了。
He is now working in the factory where his father worked.
现在他正在他父亲工作过的那家工厂工作。
[名师点津]
若地点名词后面的定语从句的引导词在从句中作主语或宾语，则改用which或that。
The school(which/that)we visited yesterday is newly built.
我们昨天参观的那所学校是新建的。(关系代词which/that在从句中作宾语)
3．why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。
The reason why he succeeded in the exam is that he studied very hard.
他考试成功的原因是他学习很认真。
[名师点津]
reason后的定语从句的引导词若在从句中作主语或宾语，则改用which或that。
This is the reason(which/that)our teacher gave us for doing it.
这就是我们老师给我们的做此事的理由。(关系代词在从句中作宾语)
He gave me a reason that/which was reasonable.
他给了我一个合情合理的理由。(关系代词在从句中作主语)
[即时训练1] 单句语法填空
①He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.
②The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.
③This is the reason which/that he offered at the meeting.
二、关系代词作介词的宾语
关系代词作介词的宾语时，为了使关系代词与先行词的关系更加紧凑，可以将从句中的介词提到关系代词前，形成“介词＋关系代词”结构。该结构中的关系代词可用which，whom或whose。
1．介词的选用
“介词＋关系代词”结构中的介词可以依据与从句中谓语动词的搭配、与先行词的搭配或句子意义来确定。
This is the camera with which he often takes photos.
这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。(根据与先行词的搭配确定)
This is the pilot with whom my father has worked for ten years.
这就是和我爸爸一起工作了10年的那位飞行员。(根据意义搭配确定)
[名师点津]
(1)某些在从句中充当时间、地点或原因状语的“介词＋关系代词”可以同关系副词when、where和why互换。
I still remember the time when(＝in which)I was in college.
我仍然记得我上大学的那段时光。
This is the hotel where(＝in which)they stayed.
这就是他们待过的旅馆。
This is the reason why(＝for which)he left in a hurry.
这就是他匆匆离去的原因。
(2)有些“动词＋介词”短语，如look for，look after，send for，call on，come across，long for等，不可拆开把介词置于关系代词之前。
The doctor that you sent for has not come.
你派人去请的那个医生还没有来。
2．关系代词的选择
“介词＋关系代词”既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。在此结构中，先行词指人时关系代词用whom，不可用who/that；先行词指物时关系代词用which，不能用that。
This is the student for whom I bought a book.
这就是我给其买书的那个学生。
This is the ship by which I went to Shanghai.
这就是我去上海所乘的船。
3．“名词/数词/代词等＋介词of＋关系代词”结构。有时“介词＋关系代词”前还会有名词、数词、代词等，表示部分、整体、数量等概念。
The river，the banks of which are covered with trees，flows to the sea.
这条河流入大海，河的两岸种满了树。
He has three sons，two of whom are teachers.
他有三个儿子，其中有两个是老师。
Maria has written two novels，both of which have been made into television series.
玛丽亚已经写了两部小说，这两部都被拍成了电视剧。
[即时训练2] 单句语法填空
①Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of which has been proved.
②Many young people，most of whom were well-educated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
③Is this the car for which you paid a high price?
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The valley where the town lies is very beautiful.
2．I will never forget the days when we stayed together in the countryside.
3．He is a teacher of rich experience，from whom much can be learned.
4．Andrew lives alone and enjoys the company of a pet cat，of which he's grown so fond.
5．The reason why he was late was that something was wrong with his bike on the way.
6．The film in which he played the leading role was a great success.
7．The house for which he paid 200，000 yuan is now worth 350，000 yuan.
8．The man from whom I got a letter was my brother.
9．In our city there are several big public parks to which many people can go to enjoy the beautiful scenery.
10．This is the factory that/which I visited last year.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．April Fool's Day is a day on which/when people play jokes on friends．
愚人节是人们可以和朋友开玩笑的日子。
2．He was educated at a local grammar school，after which he went to Cambridge.
他在当地的一所语法学校接受教育，之后他去了剑桥大学。
3．Is there a shop near here at which/where I can buy some flowers?
这附近有没有可以买到花的商店？
4．What surprised me most was not what he said but the way (that/in which) he said it．
让我最吃惊的不是他说的话而是他说话的方式。
5．The reason for which/why I didn't write to you was that I didn't know your address.
我不给你写信的原因是我不知道你的地址。
课件49张PPT。Unit 4 Looking good,feeling goodSection Ⅲ Grammar and usageschedulenegativememorycontributedattackedpressureattackpressurecontributeintofromfromupin have trouble (in)contribute tosuffer fromwoken upIn the short termtotowithtermsin was attackedundertoare时间地点时间原因地点whenwherewhich/thatwhichwhomforwherewhenwhomofwhyinforfromthat/whichtoafter which he went toon which/when people play jokes onfriendsfor which/why I didn't write to youat which/where I can buy someflowers(that/in which) he said it点击右图进入…Thank you for watching !Section Ⅳ Integrated skills，Extended reading & Project
第一步 速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
速读P53－P54教材课文，选择最佳答案
What is the passage mainly about?
A．Ways to improve teenagers' appearance.
B．Ways to find out teenagers' negative thoughts.
C．Influences of Teenagers' negative thoughts.
D．Teenagers' dark thoughts about appearance.
[答案] D
第二步 细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P53－P54教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．What are teenagers unhappy with according to the first paragraph?
A．Their physical appearance.
B．Their study habits.
C．Their dark thoughts.
D．Their sexes.
2．What can greatly affect how you think of your physical appearance?
A．Your classmates' thoughts.
B．Your teachers' guidance.
C．Standards of beauty in the media.
D．The way you view yourself.
3．How should you deal with your negative thoughts?
A．Follow popular beauty standards.
B．Post a series of your selfies online.
C．Value your friends and family.
D．Accept what you are completely.
4．What should you pay more attention to?
A．Your appearance. B．Your contents.
C．Others' achievements. D．Others' outside.
[答案] 1－4 ACDB
第三步 研读——能力升华，接轨高考
根据P53－P54教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Now teenagers always have some dark 1.thoughts(think) about their physical appearance.Standards of beauty in the media can have a big influence on 2.how they think of their physical appearance.Teenagers who want to copy the looks of their favourite stars will end up 3.feeling(feel) worse about themselves.Besides，4.their(they) friends with model-like good looks also influence the way 5.that they view their physical appearance.
However，there 6.are(be) certainly ways to deal with these external influences.First，it's wrong 7.to follow(follow) popular beauty standards 8.blindly(blind)．It's very important to accept what you are.Second，teenagers should believe that they are unique and that their family and friends love them just the way they are.Finally，9.try(try) to direct the attention away from negative thoughts.What they should do is to take pride 10.in what they do well instead of worrying about things they cannot change.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．I'll have to take a series(连续) of tests.
2．The piano(钢琴) took up too much space，so I removed it from the room.
3．He has been performing heart surgery(外科手术) for ten years.
4．The machine can get very hot during operation(运转)．
5．This kind of dress is now in fashion(时尚)．
6．There's a digital watch on the table.
7．She emptied the contents of her bag on the floor.
8．To our surprise，my niece has a talent for writing poems although she is only four years old.
9．It was too hot，so the old man moved into the shadow of the tall trees.
10．Scientists are hoping for a breakthrough in the treatment of cancer.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．operate vi.工作；运转 vt.操作→operation n．手术；运转，操作
2．treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待 n．款待；招待 →treatment n．治疗；对待，待遇；处理
3．add v．加；增加→addition n．增加，添加；加法→ additional adj.附加的
4．talent n．天资，天赋；人才，天才→talented adj.天才的；有才能的
5．say v．说→saying n．格言，谚语，警句
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．in addition 此外
2．hang over 使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生
3．guard against 防范，防止，提防
4．fight a losing battle 打一场无望取胜的仗
5．live up to 达到，符合，不辜负
6．end up 最终成为，最终处于
7．take pride in 为……自豪，为……骄傲
8．in case 以防，以防万一
9．get over 从……中恢复过来；克服；(使)渡过
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．The incident that morning still hung over them like a cloud.
2．The doctor must always guard against passing on disease to his family.
3．By coincidence，my best friend and I ended up working at the same advertising firm.
4．This type of car isn't expensive.In addition，it is environmentally friendly.
5．Before setting off for a journey，you should be sure to pack up carefully in case you may leave out something useful.
v.＋-ing→n.
v.＋ against → 动词短语
painting绘画
training训练
shooting射击
compete against 与……竞争/比赛
play against 与……对抗/交手
be against反对
背教材原句
记句式结构
仿写促落实
1.In addition，Miss Edwards says the surgery makes her look unnatural and that she is unable to make certain facial expressions.
此外，爱德华兹小姐说，手术使她看起来不自然，而且她无法做出某些面部表情。
“make＋宾语＋不带to 的动词不定式”结构
My carelessness made me suffer a lot.
我的粗心大意让我吃了很多苦头。
2.Unfortunately，as a teenager，that is often exactly what you do to yourself.
不幸的是，作为一个青少年，这往往正是你对自己所做的。
what引导表语从句
He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.
他已经成为了他10年前想成为的样子。
3.Teens who try to copy the looks of their favourite stars are fighting a losing battle－these standards are simply impossible for most of the population to live up to.
那些试图模仿他们最喜爱的明星形象的青少年正在进行一场注定失败的战斗，因为这些标准对于大多数人来说是根本不可能达到的。
在“主语＋be＋某些形容词(＋for sb.) ＋不定式”结构中常用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义
The problem is difficult for us to work out.
对我们来说，解出这道题是很难的。
in addition 另外
(教材P50) In addition，Miss Edwards says the surgery makes her look unnatural and that she is unable to make certain facial expressions.
此外，爱德华兹小姐说，手术使她看起来不自然，而且她无法做出某些面部表情。
in addition “另外”，相当于副词
in addition to “除……以外(还)”，用作介词短语
①(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)In addition，most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience.
另外，大多数报纸上也几乎没有吸引大众读者的东西。
②She can speak French and Japanese in addition to English.
除英语外，她还会说法语和日语。
[名师点津]
“除了……之外”词语荟萃
(1)besides prep.除……之外(还有) adv.况且，除此之外
(2)except prep.除……之外(不包括除去的部分)
(3)except for 除……之外(从某一细节方面纠正以前的概括性说法)
(4)apart from 除……之外(还有) (相当于besides)；除……之外(不包括除去的部分) (相当于except)
live up to 达到，符合，不辜负
(教材P53)Teens who try to copy the looks of their favourite stars are fighting a losing battle—these standards are simply impossible for most of the population to live up to.
那些试图模仿他们最喜爱的明星形象的青少年正在打一场注定失败的战斗，因为这些标准对于大多数人来说是根本不可能达到的。
live on 继续生存；继续存在；靠……生活
live with 容忍；忍受
live a(n)．..life 过……的生活
live through 经历……而幸存
live by doing 靠……为主
①The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home.
这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。
②The old man lives by selling newspapers every day.
这位老人每天靠卖报纸谋生。
③We will never fail to live up to what our parents expect of us.
我们决不辜负我们的父母对我们的期望。
④You have to learn to live with stress.
你得学会承受压力。
talent n．天资；天赋；天才；人才；特殊能力
(教材P54)Everyone has their own talents－you may be good at painting or playing the piano，so take pride in what you do well instead of worrying about what you cannot change.
每个人都有自己的特长——你可能擅长画画或弹钢琴，所以为自己擅长的事情感到自豪，而不要担心你不能改变的事情。
(1)have a talent for...＝have a gift for...
对……有天赋；有……的天赋
(2)talented ＝gifted adj. 有天资的；才华横溢的
be talented/gifted in 在某方面有才能
①They are usually highly educated，talented/gifted in art and are sensitive.
他们通常受到高等教育，有艺术天赋，而且很敏感。
②It is said that his father was a talented (talent) basketball player.
据说他的父亲是一位天才篮球运动员。
③She is proud that both her children have a talent/gift for music.
她为自己的两个孩子都有音乐天赋而自豪。
[名师点津]
talent的同义词是gift; talented的同义词是gifted。
content n．满足；内容；目录；所含之物adj.满足的；满意的 vt.使满足
(教材P54)However，like a book，your contents are much more important than your cover.
然而，像书一样，你的内容比你的封面更重要。
(1)feel/be content with 对……满意
be content to do sth. 愿意做某事
(2)content/satisfy oneself with ... 使某人满足于……
①He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed，so they could feel more content with their lives.
在感到沮丧的时候，他可以使他们开怀大笑，于是人们就对自己的生活感到比较满足。
②We should never content ourselves with book knowledge only.
我们切不可满足于仅仅有一点书本知识。
③Nowadays more and more people are tired of city life，so they are well content to live(live) in the country.
现在越来越多的人厌倦了城市生活，因而他们非常愿意生活在乡下。
[语境助记]
I was no longer content with the life that had once contented me.
我已经不再满足于曾经使我满足的生活了。
reduce vt.减少；缩小；减弱
(教材P55)Physical activity helps reduce stress.
身体活动有助于减少压力。
(1)reduce to ... 减少到；降低到
reduce by ... 减少了；降低了
(2)rise/increase to ... 增加到……
rise/increase by ... 增加了……
bring down 减少；缩减
cut down 减少；砍倒
①They've reduced the prices in the shop，so it's good time to buy.
商店已经降低了(商品的)价格，所以现在是买东西的好时候。
②If you buy more than ten，they will reduce the price by 10 percent.
你如果买10个以上，他们就会把价格降低10%。
③The population has increased by 15 percent.
人口增长了15%。
④It was foggy so the driver had to reduce speed to forty kilometres an hour.
由于大雾，司机不得不把速度减到每小时40千米。
(教材P53)Teens who try to copy the looks of their favourite stars are fighting a losing battle—these standards are simply impossible for most of the population to live up to．
那些试图模仿他们最喜爱的明星形象的青少年正在打一场注定失败的战斗，因为这些标准对于大多数人来说是根本不可能达到的。
【要点提炼】 句中these standards are simply impossible for most of the population to live up to为“主语＋be＋adj.＋for sb.＋动词不定式”结构。
“主语＋be＋adj.(＋for sb.)＋动词不定式”结构中，用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。该句型中的形容词多为表示主语性质、特征的词，如easy，difficult，hard，important，cheap，heavy等。如果动词不定式中的动词是不及物动词，则要加上适当的介词，与前面的名词构成介宾关系。
①This question is hard for me to answer.
这个问题对我来说难以回答。
②The room is pleasant to live in．
这个房间住起来很舒适。
③His brother is easy to get(get) along with.
＝It is easy to get along with his brother.
他的哥哥很容易相处。
1．(教材P50)In addition，Miss Edwards says the surgery makes her look unnatural and that she is unable to make certain facial expressions.
【分析】 本句是一个主从复合句，主句为Miss Edwards says，后面是and连接的并列宾语从句，第一个宾语从句中引导词that可以省略，第二个宾语从句的引导词that不可省略。
【翻译】 此外，爱德华兹小姐说，手术使她看起来不自然，而且她无法做出某些面部表情。
2．(教材P54)Everyone has their own talents—you may be good at painting or playing the piano，so take pride in what you do well instead of worrying about what you cannot change.
【分析】 本句中连词so连接表示因果关系的并列句，名词性从句what you do well作介词in的宾语，what you cannot change作介词about的宾语。
【翻译】 每个人都有自己的特长——你可能擅长画画或弹钢琴，所以为自己擅长的事情感到自豪，而不要担心你不能改变的事情。
正反观点对比类议论文
写正反观点对比类议论文时，要做到要点完整，条理清晰。各段之间层次分明，以使文章有条理。写作时应注意下面几点：
1．主体结构：本文可分为三部分：
开头部分：论点的提出；
第二部分：使用论据来论证论点；
第三部分：得出结论或提出解决问题的措施或建议。
2．主体时态：常用一般现在时。
3．主体人称：议论文常用第三人称。
1．引出讨论话题
Recently ...had a heated discussion about whether ...or not.
There have been many reports of ...
People hold different opinions about ...
The reasons for that are as follows.
2．对比双方观点及陈述理由
(1)表达支持的：
Some are in favour of ...
Some support...
The majority of them think...
Many of them are for...
There are many advantages of...
...play an important part in...
...be of vital significance...
...benefit a lot from ...
(2)表达反对的：
Others are against ...
Some hold the different view that ...
There are also some disadvantages of ...
(3)承接词汇：
firstly; secondly; besides; in addition; what's more; furthermore; in a word; in short; even worse ...
(4)引出另一方的转折词汇：
however; on the other hand; while; on the contrary; whereas ...
(5)表明作者的看法及理由：
in my opinion/in my view/personally，I think...
Taking everything into consideration，we should make good use of...
Only in this way can we do...
近日教育部(the Ministry of Education)要求加强中小学劳动教育，这一举措引发了人们的热议。请你根据下面表格中的内容，写一篇短文给校报英文版投稿。
学生的观点
一部分学生：劳动教育有助于身体健康，全面发展。
另一部分学生：劳动教育占用学习时间，影响成绩。
你的观点
……
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
体裁
正反观点对比类议论文
时态
以现在时和将来时为主
主题
加强中小学劳动教育的热议
人称
以第三人称为主
结构
第一段：教育部的举措引发了人们的热议；
第二段：学生的不同观点；
第三段：自己的观点。
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1．immediately adv. 立刻，马上
2．be of great benefit to 对……大有好处
3．get into shape 强身健体
4．take up 占用(时间)
5．have a negative effect on 对……有消极影响
6．as far as I'm concerned 就我而言，在我看来
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
(一) 完成句子
1．最近，教育部发布了一项要求。
Recently，the Ministry of Education has issued a requirement．
2．学生在校期间应接受劳动教育，这立刻引发了激烈的争论。
Students should be given labor education while at school，which has immediately led to a heated debate．
3．一些学生认为这将对他们的健康有很大的好处。
Some students think that it will be of great benefit to their health．
4．这将使他们能够强身健体。
It will enable them to get into shape．
5．另一方面，一些学生认为这种教育将占用他们的时间。
On the other hand，some students hold the view that this kind of education will take up their time．
6．他们的时间会花在学习上。
Their time will be spent studying otherwise.
7．这会对他们的成绩产生负面影响。
And it will have a negative effect on their grades．
8．所以在我看来，学生一定要接受劳动教育，这样他们才会更加珍惜劳动所带来的。
So as far as I'm concerned，students definitely should receive labor education so that they'll value more what labor brings about．
(二) 句式升级
9．用that引导同位语从句合并句子1、2
Recently，the Ministry of Education has issued a requirement that students should be given labor education while at school，which has immediately led to a heated debate.
10．用现在分词短语作状语合并句子3、4
Some students think that it will be of great benefit to their health，enabling them to get into shape.
11．用which引导非限制性定语从句合并句子5、6
On the other hand，some students hold the view that this kind of education will take up their time，which will be spent studying otherwise.
【参考范文】
Recently，the Ministry of Education has issued a requirement that students should be given labor education while at school，which has immediately led to a heated debate.
As for students，opinions are divided.Some students think that it will be of great benefit to their health，enabling them to get into shape.On the other hand，some students hold the view that this kind of education will take up their time，which will be spent studying otherwise.And it will have a negative effect on their grades.
It's true that students are given little chance of laboring nowadays，thus lacking the sense of labor.So as far as I'm concerned，students definitely should receive labor education so that they'll value more what labor brings about.
课件66张PPT。Unit 4 Looking good,feeling goodSection Ⅳ Integrated skills，Extended reading & Projectthoughtshowfeelingtheirthatareto followblindlytryinseriespianosurgeryoperationfashiondigitalcontentstalentshadowtreatmentoperationtreatmentadditionsayingtalentinoveragainstatoupininoverended uphung overguard againstin caseIn additionmade me suffer what he wantedto be is difficult for usto work out to withtofortalentedto livewithtobyItinto getimmediatelybe of great benefit toget into shapetake uphave a negative effect onas far as I'm concernedwhich has immediately led to a heated debatehas issued a requirementtake up their timebe of great benefit to their healthto get into shapebe spent studyinghave a negative effect on their gradesas far as I'm concernedso thatwhat labor brings about点击右图进入…点击右图进入…Thank you for watching !课时分层作业(十) Section Ⅰ、Ⅱ
[语言知识练习固基础]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．This job really calls for a high level of concentration (concentrate)．
2．Rising temperatures are having harmful effects on at least five species of rabbit in the US.
3．As is known to you，she hasn't got married.
4．She wanted no chocolate because she was on a diet.
5．Some students found it hard to take in what their teacher had taught，so they asked him to explain it again.
6．Parents were too frightened(frighten) to bring their children for vaccination.
7．He got into shape by working out at the gym.
8．She seems remarkably energetic(energy) for a woman her age.
9．The number of passengers by this line fell off slightly(slight) in January.
10．It is proved(prove) that the man has stolen some money from the shop.
Ⅱ.单句改错 (每小题仅有1处错误)
1．I can't concentrate my studies with the TV on. concentrate 后加on/upon
2．I really hope that you will have as strong life as I．life前加a
3．It was a very frightened experience and they were very brave.frightened→frightening
4．I always try to strike a balance between work and rest，and keep regular hour.hour→hours
5．To the delight of his proud parents，he has made a fully recovery.fully→full
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．There is no reason why we should agree to this.
我们没有理由同意这点。
2．His words had a great effect on me yesterday.
昨天，他的话对我有很大的影响。
3．As you know，if you do the same thing over and over again，you begin to do it automatically.
正如你所知道的，如果你反复做同一件事，你就会不自觉地做它。
4．Everybody has to eat，but do you have a healthy diet?
每个人都要吃饭，但是你的饮食是健康的吗？
5．She only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information，which must be facts rather than opinions．
她关心的只是目击者是否提供了真实的信息，这些信息必须是事实而不是个人观点。
[高考语篇练习提能力]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Everyone has problems of schoolwork sometimes.Try to keep things in perspective.Getting one or two bad grades doesn't mean you'll fail your exams.Work out why it's happening and how you can fix it.
Homework and exams can seem never-ending and you need to find ways of managing your time effectively.Study somewhere quiet away from the TV and other distractions and make sure you don't leave it all to the last minute.
If you hate a subject，you'll probably never learn to love it.However，with a good range(一系列)of qualifications you'll stand out from the crowd when you apply(申请)for jobs and colleges so it's worth doing your best in all your subjects.
There are lots of websites offering study supports and you should ask your teachers for advice－they're there to help you learn.
If something at home or in your personal life is worrying you，it can distract(分心)you from your schoolwork.Talk about it to your family and friends or a teacher you trust.If you've missed classes for any reason，talk to your teachers about what you can do to catch up.
If you're still having difficulties，it's possible that you have a Special Educational Need.If you think you do，talk to your parents and school about being professionally assessed.Having a Special Educational Need won't stop you being successful－Richard Branson has dyslexia(读写困难)and Einstein was autistic(患孤独症的)．
【语篇解读】 每个学生都会遇到学习上的问题，如家庭作业、考试、不喜欢的科目等，该怎么办呢？快来读一读本文吧。
1．The underlined sentence may mean ．
A．you shouldn't start learning until the last minute
B．you shouldn't watch TV until the programmes end
C．you shouldn't keep TV on for a long time
D．you should make use of any minute effectively
A [句意理解题。学习的时候应避开一些干扰，不要把所有任务都拖到最后一分钟，所以A项符合题意。]
2．What should you do if you don't like a subject?
A．Find support through websites.
B．Try your best to learn it.
C．Talk about it to your friends.
D．Ask for advice from teachers.
B [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“...so it's worth doing your best in all your subjects.”可知，即使不喜欢某一门学科，但是要想在找工作和考大学时脱颖而出，也应该尽力学习这一门学科，所以选B。]
3．In the last paragraph，the writer mentioned Einstein in order to ．
A．encourage us to try to be as successful as Einstein in life
B．tell us that Einstein had a lot of difficulties at school
C．persuade us to learn from Einstein to be successful
D．prove that we can still be successful even if we have lots of difficulties
D [推理判断题。在最后一段中提到爱因斯坦患有孤独症，是想拿他作为例子来鼓励人们：即使我们在学习中遇到很多障碍，我们也能够取得成功，所以选D。]
4．The main idea of the passage may be ．
A．problems of subjects
B．problems of education
C．problems of schoolwork
D．problems of exams
C [主旨大意题。本文第一段第一句为文章的主题句。由此可知，problems of schoolwork为本文的主题，故选C。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
I wouldn't have picked up that dusty card without seeing those big words：DON'T FORGET.I was 1 ．Don't forget what？Under the words were three numbered items.1.Snow peas.2.Shakespeare.3.Sadira Kirmani.What was my name doing on someone's list?
Yesterday was my first day here.Since Mrs.Allison 2 me，nobody except the boy with glasses spoke to me and asked if he could have my cake at lunch.I tried to 3 on the lessons，but my mind went 4 ．Snow peas，Shakespeare，and me？“Sadira.” I 5 when Mrs.Allison called my name.“It's time to line up for 6 ．”As I moved through the line，I heard a girl with braces ask，“What's that？” 7 at a pan.“Snow peas，”the lady answered.“I'll try some snow peas，”the boy behind me 8 ．
Snow peas! Number 1 on the list.After lunch，Mrs.Allison 9 that it was “rhyme time.” The boy who'd asked for snow peas stood up.“OK，Wyatt.” Mrs.Allison nodded.“To be or not to be...”Wyatt began.
When he 10 ，Mrs.Allison added，“Shakespeare wrote sonnets，a special kind of 11 ．”Shakespeare？Number 2 on the list.I started to 12 ，wondering what would happen next.
After school，I sat alone on the bus.It was quite a while before I 13 Wyatt.He smiled in a 14 way，saying，“I wanted to talk to you.I almost forgot.”
“Forgot what？”
“You're number 3 on my list.”
So now I 15 what was going on.“My mom's 16 ．I'm supposed to try three new things every day.” continued Wyatt.
That night，I made my own 17 .1.Try the spinach quiche.2.Offer my 18 to the boy with glasses.3.Say 19 to the girl with braces.Then I smiled before adding one more 20 ：Thank Wyatt.
【语篇解读】 本文讲述了一个小故事，作者Sadira Kirmani刚来到一个新的学校，偶然捡到一张卡，上面列了三件事。一天之内，卡上列出来的三件事情都在生活中一一发生，让她感到震惊，最后从一个叫Wyatt的小男孩那里知道，原来那是小男孩妈妈的主意，每天列出来三件事情去尝试，最后作者决定效仿Myatt。
1．A.enthusiastic B．grateful
C．curious D．optimistic
C [考查形容词词义辨析。根据“I wouldn't have picked up that dusty card without seeing those big words：DON'T FORGET.”可知，作者是因为看到上面的字，出于好奇，才捡起那张卡，故选C。]
2．A.introduced B．encouraged
C．recommended D．dismissed
A [考查动词词义辨析。根据前面的“Yesterday was my first day here.”可知，作者是第一天到那里，所以没有人认识她，故Mrs.Allison把她介绍给别人。故选A。]
3．A.bring B．carry
C．rely D．concentrate
D [考查短语搭配。根据语境，作者的注意力都被那张卡吸引了，所以她在课上不能集中注意力，故选D。]
4．A.weak B．blank
C．excited D．pale
B [考查系动词和形容词搭配。go一般不和excited搭配。根据上文可知，作者在课上不能集中注意力，大脑一片空白。故选B。]
5．A.shouted B．laughed
C．jumped D．greeted
C [考查动词词义辨析。根据后面可知，接下来到午餐时间，所以作者站了起来。故选C。]
6．A.class B．supper
C．sports D．lunch
D [考查上下文联系。根据后面的“After lunch”可知，当时是午饭时间，故选D。]
7．A.pointing B．glaring
C．knocking D．coming
A [考查动词词义辨析。结合语境，应该是一个女孩子“指着”那个锅问，故选A。]
8．A.worked out B．checked out
C．shouted out D．figured out
C [考查短语辨析。work out解决；算出；check out检验；结账离开；shout out喊出；figure out弄明白。根据“I'll try some snow peas，”可知，男孩说他要一些雪豆，故选C。]
9．A.predicted B．announced
C．responded D．reported
B [考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，Mrs.Allison是老师，结合说话人的身份，故选B。]
10．A.finished B．copied
C．prepared D．returned
A [考查动词词义辨析。结合上下文可知，Mrs.Allison在那个小男孩完成朗读以后才说话，故选A。]
11．A.theatre B．novel
C．article D．poetry
D [考查常识，根据常识可知，莎士比亚写的“sonnet”，十四行诗，是一种特别的诗歌。故选D。]
12．A.disappoint B．panic
C．calm D．annoy
B [考查动词词义辨析。结合上文可知，作者看到名单上的内容两次与生活中遇到的事情吻合，所以，她感到恐慌了，故选B。]
13．A.knew B．remembered
C．understood D．noticed
D [考查词义辨析。结合下面的内容可知，作者注意到了Wyatt，故选D。]
14．A.strict B．friendly
C．sad D．voluntary
B [考查形容词词义辨析。结合全文可知，Wyatt的态度一直都很友好，故选B。]
15．A.pointed out B．referred to
C．found out D．appealed to
C [考查短语辨析。point out指出；refer to指出；find out发现；appeal to呼吁；要求。根据后面的内容“‘I'm supposed to try three new things every day.’continued Wyatt.”可知，Wyatt向她解释了发生的事情，她也明白了这一切，故选C。]
16．A.idea B．invitation
C．command D．preference
A [考查名词词义辨析。结合语境可知，那是Wyatt妈妈的“主意”，故选A。]
17．A.meal B．list
C．rhyme D．cake
B [考查上下文联系。根据上文和后面的“1.Try the spinach quiche.2.Offer...3.Say...”可知，作者也列出了一张单子，故选B。]
18．A.card B．peas
C．dessert D．homework
C [考查语境。结合上下文，作者决定效仿小男孩，每天都做三件不同的事情，第二件“与戴眼镜的男孩分享甜点”最符合语境，故选C。]
19．A.please B．sorry
C．goodbye D．hello
D [考查短语。say hello to sb.与某人打招呼；结合上下文可知，作者刚来这个地方，不认识其他人，所以她决定和那个穿背带裤的女孩子打招呼，故选D。]
20．A.number B．entry
C．person D．word
B [考查同义词。entry表示“词条”，与第一段中的items意思相同。]
课时分层作业(十一) Section Ⅲ
[语言知识练习固基础]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The job is great in terms of salary，but it has its disadvantages.
2．Men over 45 and women over 55 are at greater risk of a heart attack.
3．The Chinese government and people will never forget those who have contributed greatly to the cause of China-India friendship.
4．It's an ideal place in which to relax and escape those pressures(press) of modern life.
5．When we visited my old family home，all memories(memory) came flooding back.
6．It will take us a large amount of time and money to finish the work.
7．We finished the project ahead of schedule.
8．The year 1945 was the time when the Second World War was at an end.
9．I lost my wallet in the restaurant where we had lunch.
10．Can you tell me the reason why you didn't come to his birthday party?
Ⅱ.单句改错 (每小题仅有1处错误)
1．Large amounts of money was spent on the bridge last year.was→were
2．On the long term it might help us to develop better methods for helping people to learn better.On→In
3．Eyebrows stop sweat from come down into the eyes.come→coming
4．Keep the books in a place which you can find them easily.which前加in或which→where
5．There are occasions on that one must give in.that→which
[高考语篇练习提能力]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Everybody has one of those days when everything goes wrong.This is what happened to Harry.
He got up one morning very late because he had forgotten to wind up (旋) his alarm clock.He tried to shave (刮脸) quickly and cut himself.When he got dressed，he got blood all over his clean shirt，so he had to find another one.The only other shirt that was clean needed ironing (熨)，so he ironed it.While he was ironing it，there was a knock at the door.It was the man to read the electricity meter (表)．He showed him where the meter was，said goodbye and found that the iron had burnt a hole in his shirt.So he had to wear the one with the blood on it after all.By this time it was very late，so he decided he couldn't go to work by bus.He telephoned for a taxi to take him to work.The taxi arrived and Harry got in and began to read the newspaper.
In another part of the town，a man had killed a woman with a knife and was seen to run away in a taxi.When Harry's taxi stopped outside his office，a policeman happened to be standing there.He saw the blood on Harry's shirt，and took him to the police station.He was kept till three o'clock in the afternoon before the police were sure that he was not the man they wanted.When he finally arrived at the office at about four，his boss took a look at him and told him to go away and find another job.
【语篇解读】 每个人都有一天麻烦不断的时候，来看看Harry忙碌而糟糕的一天吧。
1．Put the following sentences into correct order according to the passage.
a．The man who read the electricity meter came.
b．Harry ironed his shirt.
c．Harry got blood all over his clean shirt.
d．There was a knock at the door.
e．Harry wore the shirt with blood on it.
A．a，b，c，d，e B．b，a，d，c，e
C．b，a，c，d，e D．c，b，d，a，e
D [事件排序题。通过第二段内容，对比各选项的内容，首先确定c项，从而得出答案D。]
2．Why did Harry wear the shirt with blood on it?
A．He had only one shirt.
B．The only other needed ironing.
C．The iron had burnt a hole in his clean shirt.
D．He cut himself and got blood all over his shirt.
C [细节理解题。由第二段可知第一件衬衣刮脸时弄上了血，第二件熨时烧了个洞，只能穿带血的那件。]
3．Harry was taken to the police station because ．
A．his taxi stopped outside his office and a policeman happened to be there
B．there was blood on his shirt and he was in a taxi
C．a man killed a woman with a knife
D．the murderer (杀人犯) was seen to run away in a taxi
B [细节理解题。由第三段可知报纸上登着一杀人犯坐出租车在逃，而Harry衣服上带血且坐出租车，被误认为是杀人犯。]
4．His boss told him to go away and find another job because ．
A．he had been kept by the police
B．there was blood on his shirt
C．he was late for work
D．he had killed a woman
C [推理判断题。由最后一段Harry到公司已是下午四点，推知是因迟到被解雇。]
B
I had the meanest mother in the world.While other kids ate candy for breakfast，I had to have cereal (麦片粥)，eggs and toast.Others had cokes and candy for lunch，while we had to eat a sandwich.As you can guess，my supper was different from the other kids'.But at least I was not alone in my suffering.My sister and two brothers had the same mean mother as I did.
My mother insisted on knowing where we were at all times.She had to know who our friends were and what we were doing.We had to wear clean clothes every day.Other kids always wore their clothes for days.We reached the height of disgrace (丢脸) because she made our clothes herself，just to save money.
The worst is yet to come.We had to be in bed by 9：00 each night and up at 7：45 the next morning.So while my friends slept，my mother actually had the courage to break Child Labor Law.She made us work.I believed she lay awake all night thinking up mean things to do to us.Through the years，our friends' report cards had beautiful colors on them，black for passing，red for failing.My mother，however，would merely be content with black marks.None of us was allow the pleasure of being a dropout (辍学者)．
She forced us to grow up into educated and honest adults.Using this as a background，I'm now trying to bring up my three children.I'm filled with pride when my children think I am mean because now I am pleased every day for having the meanest mother in the world.
【语篇解读】 文章讲述的是妈妈对我的要求很严格，甚至到了苛刻的地步，但是对我的成长有很大的帮助。
5．From the passage we can learn that the writer's mother was ．
A．not generous at all
B．very strict with her children
C．very mean with money matters
D．very cruel to her children
B [推理判断题。根据文章第一段“I had the meanest mother in the world”，还有文章第二、三段可知B正确。]
6．Which of the following things did the writer hate to do most?
A．Eating differently from other kids.
B．Wearing clean clothes which were made by mother.
C．Going to bed early and getting up early.
D．Letting mother know where they were.
C [细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一、二句“The worst is yet to come.We had to be in bed by 9：00 each night and up at 7：45 the next morning.”可知C正确。]
7．It can be inferred from the passage that ．
A．the writer worked hard and usually got good grades in studies
B．mother was punished for breaking the Labor Law
C．all the other kids studied better than the writer
D．the writer's family lived a miserable life
A [推理判断题。根据文章第三段“our friends' report cards had beautiful colors on them，black for passing，red for failing.My mother，however，would merely be content with black marks.”可知A正确。]
8．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Mother practised economy in running her home.
B．The writer is very thankful for her mother.
C．The writer is strict with her children when bringing them up.
D．The writer doesn't love her mother for the past miserable life.
D [细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知作者很感激妈妈对自己的严格要求，故D正确。]
Ⅱ.短文改错
I have received and read your letter，in which you said you want to lose weight by dieting.It is natural that young girls at your age hopes to look beautiful.And in my opinion，health is more important than beauty.Do no let others' ideas to affect your normal life.However，if you do want to lose weight，it is good idea to do it by taking more exercises.The most important thing is that you keep up a health state of mind.And it will help you on your studies and help us get over difficulties on dieting.I hope my advices will be helpful to you and I'm looking forward to hear from you soon.
[答案]
I have received and read your letter，in which you said you to lose weight by dieting.It is natural that young girls at your age to look beautiful. in my opinion，health is more important than beauty.Do no let others' ideas to affect your normal life.However，if you do want to lose weight，it is good idea to do it by taking more exercises.The most important thing is that you keep up a state of mind.And it will help you your studies and help get over difficulties on dieting.I hope my will be helpful to you and I'm looking forward to from you soon.
课时分层作业(十二) Section Ⅳ
[语言知识练习固基础]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．My brother has a talent for painting.
2．She told me she was not content with the experiment.
3．A healthy soil reduces(reduce) disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy.
4．The problem is very hard for me to solve(solve)．
5．They felt some kind of disaster was hanging over them.
6．If you don't work hard，you'll end up nowhere.
7．We should take pride in our work.
8．It took me a very long time to get(get) over the shock of her death.
9．She came through the operation(operate) very well.
10．It was one of my mother's favourite sayings(say)．
Ⅱ.单句改错 (每小题仅有1处错误)
1．In addition food，I bought you some books.addition后加to
2．His spirit live on after he died for people.live→lives
3．Have you found that his diaries are really difficult understand? understand前加to
4．A woman in a blue jeans walked into the store.去掉a
5．Those who fight against the truth are fighting a lost battle.lost→losing
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．I didn't find my son has a talent/gift for sports until he was eight.
直到我儿子八岁时我才发现他有运动天赋。
2．They ended up meeting in the same place.
他们以在相同的地方见面作为结束。
3．When I told her the air would be hard to breathe，she said it would be an interesting experience.
当我告诉她那里空气呼吸困难时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。
4．He is in hospital for a whole series of tests.
他在医院接受一整套的检查。
5．She was sad that she failed to live up to her parents' expectation．
她辜负了父母的期望，感到很难过。
[高考语篇练习提能力]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
My husband and I used to live in the city.But we often faced a lot of problems there.There was a lot of late-night noise.It was difficult to find parking.And the rent of the apartment was high.Finally，my husband and I decided to move to the suburb outside Boston.
We started looking for our new home.It turned out that many other people were also moving to the suburbs and it wasn't easy to find a nice house there.Finally we went to see a small and dark house.It needed a lot of work.But it was well built and it was on a street where we could walk to Starbucks，restaurants and bus stops.Well，before I knew it，we had made an offer and the house became ours.
On our first night in the house I cried for five hours.I thought we had made the wrong decision and I wanted to go back to the city－the house was smelly and old.And many families and old people lived around it.But after thinking of the problems we had when we were living in the city，I calmed down.Besides，our new home wasn't that bad，after all.I had a driveway of my own.There were three big bedrooms and a backyard for my dog.Oh，how lovely the sound of nothing was．I changed the house inch by inch and it became a very comfortable home.
We have been in our house for over two years until now and it's the best move we have ever made.While I'm glad I can drive into the city in fifteen minutes and enjoy all it has offered，I'm always happy to return home.
【语篇解读】 作者一家人不愿意生活在城市中，于是搬到了郊区，开始时很不适应，后来觉得生活在郊区也是挺好的。
1．Why did the writer and her husband move to the suburb?
A．They found jobs there.
B．They could only afford a small house.
C．They dreamed of living in the country.
D．They no longer liked living in the city.
D [细节理解题。根据第一段的描述可知，生活在城市中有种种不好，所以作者一家决定搬到乡下去。故选D项。]
2．On the first night in the house，the writer ．
A．was too excited
B．felt scared living there
C．regretted moving there at first
D．was moved to tears by its quietness
C [细节理解题。根据第三段前两句“On our first night in the house I cried for five hours.I thought we had made the wrong decision and I wanted to go back to the city－the house was smelly and old.”可知，刚到的那天晚上，作者认为自己做了错误的决定，为搬家感到后悔，故选C项。]
3．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 show about the house?
A．It was lovely. B．It was really quiet.
C．It had nothing in it. D．It had beautiful sound.
B [句意理解题。划线句子的意思是：周围没有声音是多么好啊，说明了居住环境是很安静的。故选B项。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
From the time I lined up my dolls on the sofa in playschool，I wanted to be teacher.“Open your books，” I would 1 my teddy bear and dolls.Then I would 2 teach them whatever new things I had just 3 at school.
For me，dream was one thing，and 4 was quite another.My family was too poor to 5 my tuition.Finally，with others' help，I attended a state university.However，I 6 needed more money to pay for my other expenses，so I found a part-time job, 7 test tubes in the science department.By then I believed that every dirty test tube I washed meant I was one step closer to my 8 ．
When working as a substitute (代替) teacher in the local area，I learned they were planning to 9 the biology teacher I had substituted for.I was sure the 10 was meant for me.However，the principal (校长) said，“You're too 11 ．This last teacher had a lot of discipline problems because of his age.We want someone older － with more 12 ．”
I cried all the way to work，disappointed and 13 ．Suddenly，a stranger who I met by chance asked me what had happened.I told him how much I wanted to 14 and how upset I was to be 15 because of my age.Then I also shared some of my thoughts with him.He 16 me，“Never lose heart.I believe you can make it.” The next morning my phone rang.It was the principal calling to offer me the 17 position.I was totally 18 and asked him why.He explained，“You made quite an impression on the chairman of our Board of Directors.He 19 that you should have this position.” A few weeks later，I stood by the door of my classroom，welcoming my 20 on their first day of school.When they were settled，I said with a smile，“Open your books.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者从小就想要当老师，但是家庭条件有限，作者只好半工半读，经过一番周折后，终于成了一名生物老师。
1．A.persuade B．calm
C．instruct D．congratulate
C [我想要成为老师，所以我是以老师的口气来指导泰迪熊和布娃娃。]
2．A.angrily B．delightedly
C．jealously D．disappointedly
B [因为我喜欢当老师，所以我在教它们的时候是非常高兴的。]
3．A.found B．changed
C．undertaken D．learned
D [根据句意“我非常高兴地把我在学校刚学到的所有新东西都教给它们”可知，选D。]
4．A.advice B．interest
C．schooling D．time
C [根据下文可知，我家非常穷交不起学费，所以对我来说，梦想是一回事，上学又是另外一回事了。故选C。]
5．A.cover B．ignore
C．forget D．plan
A [根据句意“我家非常穷，交不起学费”可知，选A。]
6．A.almost B．suddenly
C．hardly D．still
D [根据句意“最后，在别人的帮助下，我上了一所州立大学。但是，我仍然需要更多的钱来支付其他的费用”，故选D。]
7．A.decorating B．cleaning
C．collecting D．producing
B [根据下文“By then I believed that every dirty test tube I washed...”可知，我的兼职工作是清洗试管，故选B。]
8．A.house B．job
C．dream D．school
C [根据句意“那时我相信我每洗一个试管，就离我的梦想又近了一步”可知，答案为C。]
9．A.punish B．replace
C．praise D．accept
B [根据下文我想要申请这个职位可知，他们想要换掉生物老师。故选B。]
10．A.result B．scholarship
C．experiment D．position
D [我确信这个职位就是为我准备的，故选D。]
11．A.young B．impatient
C．busy D．strange
A [根据下文的“We want someone older”可知，校长嫌我太年轻。]
12．A.adventure B．confidence
C．experience D．independence
C [根据句意“我们想要年龄大些的，经验丰富的”可知，选C。]
13．A.tired B．comfortable
C．nervous D．sorrowful
D [因为被拒绝，所以我感到非常失望和难过。]
14．A.travel B．teach
C．study D．sing
B [因为我想要当老师，所以这里用teaching(教书)。]
15．A.called on B．looked after
C．turned down D．brought up
C [call on拜访，号召；look after照顾；turn down拒绝；bring up抚养，呕吐。根据句意“……因为年龄而被拒绝，我是多么的沮丧啊。”可知，选C。]
16．A.comforted B．ordered
C．thanked D．promised
A [根据下文的“不要灰心，我相信你会成功的。”可知，他在安慰我。]
17．A.biology B．math
C．English D．Chinese
A [根据上文提到的生物老师可知，选A。]
18．A.selfish B．upset
C．anxious D．confused
D [因为昨天我刚刚被拒绝，而现在又给了我这个职位，所以我感到非常困惑。]
19．A.recommended B．informed
C．complained D．regretted
A [根据句意“他推荐你担任这个职位”可知，选A。]
20．A.parents B．students
C．teachers D．friends
B [我站在教室门口，迎接第一天上学的学生们。]
