Unit 1 Help those in need
【重点单词短语】
1.raise vt.?筹募; 增加; 提高; 饲养，抚养(=keep)
Eg: They are raising money for the people who lost homes in the earthquake.
He raised his hand to wave.
Annie raised her voice in order to let everyone hear her.
【搭配】 raise one’s voice 提高嗓门 raise a family 养家糊口
raise money 筹款 raise price 提高价格 raise one’s spirits 打起精神
raise cattle=keep cattle 饲养牲口 raise children 抚养孩子
【辨析】raise和rise
raise raises raised raised raising
rise rises rose risen rising
(1)这两个词都有“提高，上升，增加”的意思，但用法不同。
raise是及物动词，其主语通常是人；而rise 是不及物动词，其主语通常是物。
Eg: The sun rises in the east.
(2)raise和rise用于同一事物时含义不同。
Eg: The price of TV sets has been raised recently. (政府或厂家主动行动)
The price of TV sets has risen recently. (市场调节)
【小试牛刀】
1.She (raised/rose) her head and went out without a word.
2.The river is (raising/rising) after the rain.
2.permission n.?准许/批准?（不可数名词）=agreement; approval to do sth.
ask permission to do sth.?征得同意做某事
ask permission?报请批准
Eg: Jim took the laptop without?permission.???????????????????
【拓展】permit??v.?允许；准许；使有可能
permit sb to do?允许某人做……
Eg: My mother permits me to go out at night.
【小试牛刀】
1.What would you do if your sister took your money without (permit)?
2.The guards (permit) me to bring my camera and tape recorder.
3.disabled adj.丧失能力的；有残疾的=unable to do sth.
Eg: After the car accident, she was disabled.
We should help the disabled people.
【拓展】
(1)disable v.使失去能力，使残疾
Eg: The illness disabled her and her unable to study and work.
(2)disability n.没有能力，残疾
Eg: His disability prevents him from holding a job.
4.offer v. 主动提出= be willing to do something
offer to do sth. 主动提出去做某事，愿意做某事
offer sb. sth. 为某人提供某物
offer one’s hand 伸出友好的手
Eg: Peter offered to teach them water-skiing.
They have offered me a large sum of money to go away.
【辨析】provide, offer
provide用于表示无主动慷慨之意地为人或物提供需要或有用的东西，仅仅是出于某种责任，强调提供必须用的东西，尤其是生活用品,多数情况是免费的。常用于provide sb. with sth. 或provide sth. for sb. 的固定搭配中。
offer表示主动提供服务、工作等，对方可以接受，也可以不接受。常用于offer sb. sth.或offer sth. to sb. 固定搭配中。
Eg: The host provided me with towels.
He offered me a glass of wine. = He offered a glass of wine to me.
【小试牛刀】
1.Somehow she managed to her children food and clothing.
2.On Sunday his landlady dinner as well as breakfast.
5.illness n. （某种）病
Eg: The children there all suffer from serious illness.
【同根词】ill adj. 有病的 （比较级：worse, 最高级：worst）
【辨析】ill, illness, sick
illness是ill的名词形式，是可数名词。
ill表示“生病的；有病的”这一意思时，一般用作表语，不能作定语。
sick既可以作表语又可以作定语，如“病人”可以说a sick man或the sick, 但不能说an ill man或the ill。有“恶心的；厌倦的”之意。
Eg: She is ill/sick in bed.
She is looking after her sick father.
The smell makes me sick.
Although I am ill, I have to look after my sick sister at home today. Because of illness, she can’t go to school.
【小试牛刀】
1.His grandpa is badly (ill/illness).
2.Look at the man, let’s take him to the hospital.
6.organize v. 组织
Eg: In the end, we all decided to organize a concert for Easter.
【同根词】organization n. 组织; 机构 organizer n. 组织者 organized adj. 有组织的
Eg: What do you know about our organization?
Students need organized activities.
Who is the organizer of the exhibition?
7.express v. 表达；表露
Eg: This helps them express their feelings.
【同根词】expression n. 表现，表示，表达；表情
Eg: She gave expression to her sadness.
【小试牛刀】
1.Laughter is an (expression/express) of joy.
2.I can’t (expression/express) my thanks.
8.lonely adj. 孤独的；寂寞的；荒凉的 （比较级：lonelier最高级：loneliest）
Eg: It felt like the loneliest place in the world.
She is unhappy and lonely.
【辨析】lonely, alone
alone为形容词，意为“单独的”，只作表语，不能作定语。侧重说明独自一人，没有助手或同伴，没有感彩的只表示客观的状态。alone还可以作副词,意为“单独；独自”。
lonely意为“孤独的”，表示主观上感到孤独、寂寞，有较浓的感彩，指因缺少朋友、同情、友谊等产生的一种悲伤和忧郁的感情。它为形容词，在句中作表语或定语。作定语时，意为“荒凉；偏僻”，多修饰表示地点的名词。
Eg: She went home alone. = She went home by herself.
The old man lives in a lonely town, he lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely.
I didn’t feel lonely though I was alone.
【小试牛刀】
1.After his wife died, he lived .
2.I am without you.
9.friendship n. 友情；友谊
Eg: She needs friendship.
【同根词】
(1) friend n. 朋友 复数：friends.
Eg: True friendship is worth more than money.
(2) friendly adj. 友好的
Eg: Robert has a friendly relationship with his customers.
(3) friendliness n. 友善
Eg: She also loves the friendliness of the people.
【小试牛刀】
1.True (friendship/friend) never fades away.
2.Our teacher is (friendship/friend).
10. difficulty n. 困难；费劲= be not able to do something easily
Eg: The country is facing great economic difficulties.
【同根词】difficult adj. = hard to do 困难的
Eg: The child is going through a difficult phase.
It’s difficult for me.
【搭配】have difficulty (in) doing something 做……有困难
in difficulty/difficulties 处境困难
Eg: I had no difficulty (in) making myself understood.
The bank is in difficulty/difficulties.
11. joy n. 愉快；喜悦 = a feeling of great happiness
Eg: I taught them to sing because music can bring them joy and peace.
【同根词】joyful n. 快乐的，高兴的；令人开心的，使人喜悦的
Eg: He was excited and joyful at the success.
【搭配】to one’s joy 令人高兴的是，使某人高兴的是
Eg: To her joy her son was permitted to a key university.
12. peace n. 平静；宁静
Eg: the Nobel Peace Prize 诺贝尔和平奖
One more question and I’ll leave you in peace.
【同根词】peaceful adj. 和平的；爱好和平的；安静的；平静的
Eg: Evening in the country is a very peaceful time.
13. hurt v. 使疼痛；受伤 = injure
Eg: Tim hurt his legs in an accident, but he has lots of courage.
【同根词】hurt adj. 受伤的；痛苦的；（受）损坏的
Eg：They did not seem to be badly hurt.
注意：身体伤害重用badly修饰。精神、感情受到创伤用 very much/ rather/ deeply修饰
Eg: The driver hurt himself badly in the accident.
Your words deeply hurt her.
14. courage n.勇气；勇敢
Eg: Failure is the mother of success. Keep up your courage.
【同根词】encourage v. 鼓励，鼓舞；支持；促进；鼓动
Eg: My English teacher often encourages us to read English aloud.
15. spirits n. 情绪，心境
Eg: He felt in excellent spirits when he arrived home.
spirit n. 精神，勇气，意志 in spirit 在心里， 在精神上
Eg: Even though he is no longer living, his spirit lives on today.
16. pay v. 付款；偿还
Eg: We paid 35 pounds for each ticket.
【同根词】 pay n. 工资；薪水；报答
Eg: They complained about their pay and conditions.
【搭配】pay off 偿清（债务）；支付（债务）的全部数额 pay for 为……付款
pay attention to 注意 pay a visit to 去参观，拜访
【辨析】take, spend, cost和pay
take一般用it作主语，例如：it takes sb. sometime to do sth.
spend一般是人作主语，例如：I spend an hour finishing my homework.
cost表示某物值什么的（价值或钱），例如：The book cost 200 yuan.
pay一般是人作主语，例如：I pay lots of money for books.
spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：
(1) spend time/money on sth. 在……上花费时间（金钱）。
I spent two hours on this math problem.
(2) spend time/money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。
They spent two years (in) building this bridge.
cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见用法如下：
(1) sth. costs (sb.) + 金钱，某物花了（某人）多少钱。
A new computer costs a lot of money.
(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) + 时间，某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间。
Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.
注意：cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost，并且不能用于被动句。
take后面常跟双宾语，常见用法有以下几种：
(1) It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。
It took them three years to build this road.
(2) doing sth. takes sb. + 时间，做某事花了某人多少时间。
Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon.
pay的基本用法是：
(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买……
I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.
(2) pay for sth. 付……的钱
I have to pay for the book lost.
(3) pay for sb. 替某人付钱
Don’t worry! I’ll pay for you.
(4) pay sb. 付钱给某人
They pay us every month.
(5)pay money back 还钱
May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I’ll pay it back next week.
★ 同步训练
一、按要求写单词。
permission(动词) volunteer(形容词)
ill(名词) lonely(比较级)
difficult(名词) pain(形容词)
expression(动词) joy(形容词)
pay(过去式) organize(名词)
peaceful(名词) raise(现在分词)
二、 从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空。
ask permission raise money in need voluntary work offer to suffer from spend time with continue to have difficulty raise one’s spirits
1. My grandfather has a serious heart disease for a long time.
2. My friend drive me to the airport last week because it was raining hard and I couldn’t find a taxi.
3. The students completing the project without any help from adults. So most of them asked their parents for help.
4. I think you need to before you use Wendy’s computer.
5. We should use the money to help those people .
6. I don’t want to go to Paris for such a short holiday. I’d rather stay at home and my kids.
7. Cheer up. Simon! Drink a cup of coffee now and it may .
8. The students at Guangzhou Middle School will for the children in poor areas.
9. Nowadays, more and more teenagers take part in to help people they don’t know at all.
10. After Judy completed her Maths homework, she do more Physics exercises.
三、根据划线部分在句中的意思，找出意思最接近的选项。
1. The ole man is ill in these days.
A. worried B. in good health C. in bad health D. nervous
2. If you know the answer, please raise your hand.
A. get up B. put up C. use up D. stand up
3. Do you have trouble learning English.
A. difficulty B. decisions C. memory D. ideas
4. The fans were very happy when the team won the final match.
A. in trouble B. in low spirits C. in high spirits D. in danger
5. Jack got up early to catch the school bus.
A. because of B. instead of C. so that D.in order to
6. After his wife died, he lived alone.
A. unhappily B. by himself C. lonely D. badly
7. Tony didn’t go to school because he was sick yesterday.
A. lonely B. ill C. glad D. fit
8. They offered to help those in need.
A. refused to B. provided C. were willing to give D. helped
9. They have permission to build 500 new schools.
A. are made B. have decision C. have direction D. are allowed
10. Tim fell off the bike and hurt his legs.
A. injured B. made C. expressed D. stayed
11. The young man offered his seat an old lady on the crowded bus.
A. with B.to C. for D. at
12. Though his grandmother lives , she never feels .
A. alone, alone B. lonely, lonely C. alone, lonely D. lonely, alone
13. We have activities after class. You can take part in them.
A. kind of B. a kind C. many kinds of D. a kind of
14. I don’t know how to begin a talk with Betty. She can sit all day long _____a word.
A. by B. with C. in D. without
15. Scientists are trying their best to come up with ways to treat the terrible disease ______ H7N9.
A. called B. call C. name D. was call
16. ---How is your English study?
---Not bad. But I _____ learning English grammar.
A. am interested in B. am good at C. have difficulty D. have no trouble
四、用括号内所给单词的适当形式完成句子。
1. They have (difficult) walking or moving.
2. Why do you think it is very important to ask your parents’ . (permit)
3. Mother (pay) ten dollars for the English dictionary.
4. In her spare time she does _________ (volunteer) work.
5. Looking after the baby is both painful and (joy).
6. I am really hungry. Can I stop (eat) something.
7. Mr. Liu often teaches us how (speak) English well.
8. I asked him (lend) me ten Yuan, but he didn’t.
9. Let’s (go) shopping today if it doesn’t rain.
10. It took me two days (finish) the job.
11. Please tell the boys (not make) any noise, my baby is sleeping.
12. The girl (name) Lucy is one of the best students in our school.
13. If you know the answer, you can (raise) your hand.
14. You should (expression) your feeling clearly.
15. I didn’t decide when (go) yesterday.
五、完成句子。
1.我们应该尽力帮助那些需要帮助的人。
??We should try our best to help those???????????????????? .
2.如果你想使用这台电脑，请先报请批准。
??If you want to use this computer, you should???????????????? ??first.
3.汤姆的爸爸遭受癌症折磨已经一年了。
??Tom’s father????????????? ??????cancer for a year.
4.他很伤心。我们应该做点什么来让他振奋精神。
??He is very sad. We should do something to?????? ??.??
5.你应该每天早晨大声朗读英语以提高你的口语。
??You should read English aloud every morning???????????? improve your oral English.
6.我们应该主动帮助那些需要帮助的人。
We should _______???_______???_______those people________??_______.
7.他在英语学习上存在困难。
He ________??________ ________??English.
六、首字母填空
1.When meeting something difficult or dangerous, he showed great c________.
2.Wars are terrible. People from all over the world love p________.
3.If the p ________ continues,?go to your doctors.
4.She lives alone and often feels l ________.
5.Sarah r________ the glass to her lips and drank the wine.
6.They began to o________ a money-raising activity.
7.There was a s ________ car crash this morning. The driver died in the car.
8.We p ________ $10,000 for the shop, and $2000 for its goods.
9.Don’t play with the knife or you will h________ yourself.
10.I would like to e________ my thanks to you.
七、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。(单词+语法综合)
1. I plan ____________ (go) to Canada this summer.
2. Did they enjoy __________ (them) in the park?
3.He decided _________ (live) in another city.
4. It took us two hours _________ (get) to Beijing by train.
5. A restaurant needs lots of water for _________ (wash) the dishes.
6. What do we use ___________ (clean) toilets?
7. My father is too tired. He needs __________ (rest).
8. Thank you for ___________ (look) after my sister.
9. Don’t forget ___________ (close) the window when you leave.
10. It is very bad ___________ (pollute) the groundwater.
11. They offered to __________ (help) those in need.
12. He is ___________ (disabled) to swim in the river.
13. Jack was __________ (serious) hurt in the accident.
14. Tom didn’t come to school today because he was ___________ (illness).
15. I like _____________ (organize) parties. It is very interesting .
16 She fell onto the ground and felt very __________ (pain).
17. Last night, my parents went out. So I watched TV ___________ (lonely).
18. Miss White has no friends, so she often feels ___________ (lonely).
19. The new neighbour is very ____________ (friendship).
20. This book is very _____________ (difficulty) for me.
八、课文语法填空。
Three teenagers offered (1) ___________ (do) some voluntary work during the school holidays.
Betty did some voluntary work in a children’s hospital. The children there all suffer from serious illness. They organized a painting competition (2) ___________ the children. Betty met a girl (3) ___________ (call) Cindy. She wanted to paint a picture of the park close to her home. Betty went to take some photos of the park. Cindy used (4) __________ for her painting.
Mark and his mother met some children without parents. They taught the children to tell stories. This helps them express their feelings. They spent time with a girl, Vivien. Her parents died in (5) ___________ car accident and she is (6) ___________ (happy) and very lonely. She needs friendship.
Annie wanted to help disabled children. They have difficulty (7) ___________ (walk) or moving. She taught them to sing because music can bring them happiness and peace. She met a boy, Tim. He hurt his legs (8) ___________ he has lots of courage. Children like Tim should (9) ___________ (help) to raise their spirits.
Betty, Mark and Annie (10) ___________ (continue) to do voluntary work in the future.
【重点语法】
??? 动词不定式
非谓语动词
构成：(to)+动词原形
不定式
用法：除谓语外的任何成分
非谓语动词 构成：-ing
动名词
用法：主语，宾语，表语，定语
构成：-ing或-ed
分词
用法：表语，宾语，定语，状语
1.不定式的构成
动词不定式的基本构成是"to+动词原形”有时可省路不定式符号to。
否定形式是"not to+动词原形”。
Eg:?Jacks teacher?asked him to?tum?off the?lights?after?class.
You’d better finish your work today.
? She?pretended?not to see me when I passed?by.
2.不定式的句法功能
不定式具有名词，形容词，副词的特征，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、补足语、定语和状语等。
(1)不定式作主语
不定式作主语相当于名词或代词的作用。用作主语的动词不定式通常表示一个具体的，特定行为，其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。不定式作主语通常用作形式主语，而将不定式置于句末。
Eg: To learn English well is very difficult. = It is difficult?to?learn?Chinese?well.
To speak to old people like that is impolite. = .
注意：
It is very important for us to learn English well.
It is kind of you to help me.
(2)不定式作表语
不定式可以跟在系动词后作表语，表示主语的具体内容、目的等。不定式作表语通常可以跟主语进行位置互换。
Eg:?My?job is to?keep?the?goal.
His?dream?is?to?be?a?doctor.
(3)不定式作宾语
A.作动词的宾语:不定式一般作动词的宾语。如果作宾语的不定式有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式展语，而将真正的宾语后置。
Eg: I happen to?know?the?answer?to?your?question.
Would?you?like?to?see?a?film?this?evening?
I found?it?not?very?easy?to?learn?to?ride?a?bike.
I think it?interesting?to?play?football?while?it?is?snowing?hard.
B.作介词的宾语:不定式一般不直接作介词的宾语，而是需要加上疑问词。
Eg: We are talking about how to solve the problem.
I am interested in what to do.
(4)不定式作宾语补足语
①大多数及物动词后用带to的不定式作宾语补足语。
Eg:?Lucy?asked?him?to?turn?down?the?radio.
Mr.?White?persuaded?Tom?not?to?smoke?any?more.
②使役动词和感官动词用于主动语态时，作宾语补足语的不定式省略to;但当这些词用于被动语态时，to不能省略(let除外)。
Eg: I heard her sing the new song.
The peaceful music in the CD made the students feel relax.
My friend was made to work for the whole night by the boss.
The children were seen to run down the street.
(5)不定式作定语
不定式作定语要放在被修饰的词的后面。
Eg: I have much homework (to do) today.
(6)不定式作状语
①不定式作状语主要表示目的原因结果等。
表示目的时常位于句首，表示原因和结果时常位于句尾。
逻辑主语和句子主语一致。
Eg:?To?arrive?there?on?time,?I?got?up?one?hour?earlier?than?usual.
In?ancient?China,?food?was?stored?with?ice?to?keep?it?fresh.
They?jumped?with?joy?to?hear?the?news.
He woke up?only?to?find?everybody?gone.
②可在作目的状语的不定式前加上in?order或so as以突出或强调的。但so as to do不能置于句首。在作结果状语的不定式前加上only表示意料之外的结果。
Eg: In order?to keep warm,?we?shut?all?the?windows.
?John?came?home?only?to?find?that?somebody?had?forced?his?door open.
3.“疑问词+不定式”结构
who(m),?what,?which等疑问代词和when,?where,?how等疑问副词放在不定式前，便构成了“疑
问词+不定式”当于一个名词，常在句中作主语、表语、宾语(尤其是介词后的宾语等）。
Eg: How?to?solve?the?problem?is?very important.
The?question is who?to?turn?to.
The?teacher?is?telling?the?students?what?to do.
My?teacher?gave me?lots?of advice?on?how?to?make?friends.
4.不定式符号to的省略
(1)某些固定结构或者固定搭配中需要省略不定式符号to。
??Eg:?You?'d?better?choose?the?activities?which?interest?you.
?? Why?not?go shopping?with?me??
(2)跟在表示“除....之.外”意义的but,?except之后的不定式,若but, except之前有动词do的任何形式时,通常省略不定式符号to。
Eg:?My?mother?could?do?nothing?but?wait?for?the?doctor?to?arrive.
She?can?do?everything?except?cook.
动词help后接不定式作宾语或宾语补足语,to可有可无，但是当主语是表示物的名词或主语不能发出不定式所表示的动作时，需要加上to。
Eg: Will you?help?me?(to)?find?my?pen?
Your rich experience will help you to find a?good?job.
★ 同步训练
一、用括号内“动词+动词不定式”的结构完成下列句子。
1.It is spring now. Our monitor___________ (want, organize) a class trip.
2.What would you ____________ (like, drink), tea or coffee?
3.I ___________ (hope, travel) around the world when I grow up.
4.At last, her parents ___________ (agree, live) in the city with her.
5.Sandy ___________ (prepare, make) a speech at the evening party now.
6.The two boys will___________ (learn, swim) in the Swimming Club.
7.You have poor eyesight, so you can ___________ (choose, sit) in the front of the classroom.
8.Please___________ (remember, close) the door when you leave the room.
9.Don't ___________ (forget, take) an umbrella with you because it is going to rain.
10.Look! The little girl___________ (try, wake) her mum up.
11.The police ___________ (make) everyone ___________ (leave) the building at once.
12.The driver___________ (let) the old. ___________ (travel) on the bus without a ticket.
13.Jack ___________ (have) his brother ___________ (wash) the dishes yesterday.
14.I don't___________ (let) people ___________ (smoke) in my car!
二、选择题。
1. The workers want us ______ together with them.
A. work B. working C. to work D. worked
2. ---There isn’t any difference between the two.
---I really don’t know _________.
A. where to choose B. which to choose C. to choose what D. to choose which
3. The teacher told them ____make so much noise.
A. don’t B. not C. will not D. not to
4.He gave us some advice on how____ English.
A. learning B. learned C. to learn D. learn
5.I’m thirsty. Would you please give me something ________?
A. drunk B .to drink C. to be drunk D. for drinking
6.Tom is the first _____ to school.
A. get B. to get C. getting D. got
7. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ______.
A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to
8. I saw him _______ out of the room.
A. go B. had gone C. has gone D. goes
9.---_______ more about tomorrow’s weather, call 121.
---OK, I will. Thank you.
A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known
10.We must do everything we can ____ waste water from running into rivers.
A. keep B. kept C. to keep D. keeping
11.Let’s ____ play in the street. Father tells me __ do so.
A. not to；not to B. not；not to C. don’t；to not D. not to；don’t
12.When I came into the room, he pretended ____ his homework.
A. to do B. be doing C. doing D. to be doing
三、课后选择习题。
1.The teacher told them ________ make so much noise.
?????A. don’t??? ?B. not??? C. will not ???D. not to
2.Mrs. Smith warned(警告) her daughter ________ after drinking.
??????A. never to drive ???B. to never drive C. never driving ????D. never drive
3.The doctor?asked the patient ____rich food after the operation(手术).
??????A. to eat not??? B. eating not??? C. not to eat?? ?D. not eating
4.--- The light in the office is still on.????--- Oh, I forgot _______.
??????A. turning it off?? B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. turned it off
5.We agreed _________ here.
??????A. met?? ?B. meeting?? ?C. to meet?? ?D. meet
6.Frank is the kind of person who people like to ________.
??????A. make friend with ??????B. make friends of C. make friends ?????????D. make friends with
7.Go on ________ the other exercise after you finish this one.
??????A. to do??? B. doing? ??C. does??? D. did
8.She reached the top of the hill and stopped _______ on a big rock
??????A. rested?? ?B. resting? ??C. to rest??? D. rest
9.He was too excited _________.
?????A. speak??? B. to speak? ??C. not to speak? ??D. speaking
10.I’m hungry. Get me something _________.
?????A. eat? ??B. to eat ???C. eating ???D. for eating
11.She couldn’t decide which restaurant _______.
?????A. to have lunch? ??B. to eat C. to eat at ??D. eating at
12.The chair looks very old, I want a new one _________ .
A. sit?????????? B. to sit on??? ??C. sat??? ????D. sit on
13. I’m afraid they would not allow（允许） him ________ here .
A. to smoke?? ???B. smoking??? C. smokes?????? D. smoke
14.---Do you mind my _______ here?
??????---________. Look at the sign. It says, “No, smoking”.
??????A. to smoke, Of course not????????????????B. smoking, You’d better not
??????C. to smoke, No, I don’t???????????????? ??D. smoking, Never mind
15.---Oh, I had a terrible toothache.
?????---You’d better _______ see s doctor and have your bad teeth _______ out.
???????A. go to, pulled???????????????????????????????B. to go to, pulled????
???????C. go to, pulling??????????????????????????????D. to go to, pulling
16.?I prefer ________ at home to _______ outside.
???????A. to stay, playing????????????????????????????B. to stay, play??????
???????C. staying, play????????????????????????????????D. staying, playing
17.Doctor Wang often asks us ________ too much meat.
??????A. don’t eat??????????B. not eat????????????C. not to eat?????????D. doesn’t eat
18.You can never imagine the great difficulty I had _______ her QQ number.
??????A. to get???????????B. getting????????????C. got????????????D. not to get
19.---What about ________ hiking this Sunday?
???????---Great. I’d like ________ with you.
??????A. to go, going???????????B. going, going????????????C. going, to go
20.Many people think it’s important ________ us ________ learn English well.
??????A. for, to????????????????B. to, to??????????????????C. with, for
21.---My dad bought me a new MP 4, but I don’t know_______.
??????--?-Let’s read the instructions.
???????A. what to use??????B. which one to use???????C. how to use it?????D. when to use it
22.Drivers are warned _________ when they are tired.
???????A. to drive?????????B. not drive????????????C. not to drive
23.Students should pay attention to _______ the teacher in class.
???????A. hear???????????B. listen to????????????C. listening to???????????D. hearing of
24.Try_________ worried!
???????A. to not to be? ??B．not to be??????C．not be????????D．to be not
25.The meeting room is big enough ____ one hundred people.
???????A. holding????? ?B. hold????? C. to hold????? D. holds
【综合题型】
一、完型填空。
I always believed in UFOs, but I didn’t see one. My husband didn’t believe in UFOs before that __1 _.Last Friday night, he drove home_ 2 _work. He drove near a gas station(加油站)when he saw a bright light. It looked __3 a light. It was low, and it wasn’t moving. He didn’t _ 4 _too much about it. He thought maybe it was a street light, so he__5 _up farther and then the light went off. But a few minutes later, it was on. He stopped the car. He 6 and looked around, but saw nothing.
After a short while the 7 _was on again. He got on the car and drove another 2 miles to our house. He sat in the __8__for a few minutes thinking of what he saw. He got out of the car and the moving light went off. Then when he looked back, he could _ 9 _it in the sky. Then he was 10 _it must be a UFO. He went into our house and told me about it.
( )1. A. morning B. afternoon C. night D. year
( )2. A. before B. then C. of D. after
( )3. A. like B. of C. out D. over
( )4. A. watch B. look C. think D. guess
( )5. A. drove B. ran C. walked D. jumped
( )6. A. got in B. got down C. got off D. got on
( )7. A. noise B. train C. car D. light
( )8. A. gas station B. car C. bedroom D. office
( )9. A. watch B. hear C. see D. look at
( )10. A. bored B. sure C. interested D. surprised
二、阅读理解。
A
When ten-year-old James Ale and his friends went out to play，they had nowhere to go but the streets. The streets were filled with traffic，but the children had no choice. There was no park or playground nearby. One day，a little girl was badly injured by a passing car. James Ale thought the neighborhood needed a park.
For more than a year，James Ale worked for his park. He knocked on doors asking adults to help. He went to City Hall and discussed his idea with the mayor（市长）.At first people did not want to listen to a ten-year-old，but James did not give up. In the end，he won.“Getting the park took a lot of work，”James said.“It was worth it，though，because we needed it.”
( )1.The best title is .
A. City Streets B.A Park of James Ale
C. Speeding Drivers D. Playing in the Streets
( )2.When James decided that a park was needed，he was .
A. a grown-up B. eleven years old C. ten years old D. the mayor
( )3.We can learn from the text that .
A. no one would help James B. people laugh at James
C. the mayor liked James D. the park was built at last
( )4.The underlined word “discussed” means .
A. finished B. talked over C. changed D. waited for
( )5.The underlined words” give up: means___________.
A. give away B. get up C. stop trying D. put up
B
Mr. Clarke hated to do housework. He wouldn’t stay at home on weekends. His wife always told him to do some washing or cleaning, or he had to cook for his family. So he always made some excuses on Friday evenings.
Recently Mr. Clarke was interested in playing cards, but he was afraid to let his wife know. So every Sunday afternoon he brought some fish home. It made his wife happy and she never asked where he spent his weekends.
One Saturday morning, Mr. Clarke left home at 7 o’clock. He took a bus and got off at a stop near a small town. His friends were waiting for him in a small hotel. They played cards there. Mr. Clarke didn’t go home until 7 o’clock on Sunday evening. He went in the shop near the bus stop as usual. As soon as the shopkeeper saw him, the man said, “I’m sorry, Mr. Clarke. I have no fish today. What about some chicken legs?”
“Don’t be silly!” said Mr. Clarke, “I can’t tell my wife that I have fished some chicken legs, can I?”
( )1. Mr. Clarke didn’t want to stay at home on weekends because ______.
A. he didn’t want to do any housework B. he didn’t love his wife
C. he was very busy D. he went to his parents’ house
( )2. What was Mr. Clarke interested in recently?
A. Fishing. B. Playing cards C. Shopping. D. Doing housework.
( )3. How long was Mr. Clarke away from his home?
A. About 24 hours. B. About 36 hours.
C. About 48 hours. D. About 72 hours.
( )4. Mr. Clarke played cards with his friends __________.
A. at home B. in a shop C. in a hotel D. in his office
( )5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Mr. Clarke hardly stayed at home on weekends.
B. Mr. Clarke bought some fish in the shop that day.
C. Mr. Clarke never told his wife that he played cards.
D. Mr. Clarke usually gave his wife some fish and the fish made his wife happy.
C
You speak, write a letter, or make a telephone call. Your words carry a message. People communicate with words. Do you think you can communicate without words? A smile on your face shows you are happy or friendly. Tears in your eyes tell others that you are sad. When you raise your hand in class, the teacher knows you want to say something or ask questions. You shake your head, and people know you are saying “No”. You nod and people know you are saying “Yes”. Other things can also carry messages. For example, a sign at the bus stop helps you know which bus to take. A sign on the wall of your school helps you to find the library. Signs on doors tell you where to go in or out.
Have you ever noticed that there are a lot of signs around you and that you receive messages from them all the time? People can communicate in many other ways. An artist can use his drawings to tell about beautiful mountains, about the blue sea and many other things. Books are written to tell you about all the wonderful things in the world and also about people and their ideas. Books, magazines, newspaper, TV and radios and films all help us to communicate with each other. They all help us to know what is going on in the world and what other people are thinking about.
( )1. Can we communicate with each other without words?
A. Yes, sometimes we can. B. No, we can’t.
C. It’s impossible. D. It is not mentioned（提到）in this article.
( )2. When we see somebody smile, he must be feeling .
A. angry B. joyful C. surprised D. sad
( )3. We can learn news from .
A. newspaper B. radio C. TV D. A, B and C
( )4. A sign at the bus stop tells you .
A. how many buses there are B. what kind of bus it is
C. where the bus comes and goes D. how much money you’ll pay for the ticket
( )5. What is the best title of the article?
A. Letters and phone calls B. Books, magazines and TV
C. Communication is necessary D. Ways of communication
三、作文。
在我们的日常生活中，我们会遇到各种困难。因此，我们常常需要他人的帮助；但同时，我们也需要学会帮助他人。其实，帮助他人就是在帮助自己。请你结合身边的事例，“帮助”为话题，用英语写一篇短文。
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Unit 2 Body language
【重点单词短语】
1.communication n.交流；交际
Eg: Smile is a great kind of communication.
【拓展】communicate v.交流，交际
【搭配】communicate with sb. 和……沟通（联系）=talk with sb.
communicate to sb. = let sb. know about information, a feeling or an idea
Eg: He was never good at communicating with others.
We will communicate the results to your parents.
【小试牛刀】
Most importantly, computers create wide (communicate) around the world.
2.accept v. 接受 (建议, 邀请等) take(近) reject(反)
Eg: I don’t think they would accept that view.
【辨析】receive, accept, take
receive只表示被动地接受。
If you receive a request like this, you can’t fail to obey it.
accept总表示主动且高兴地接受。
She has received his present, but she will not accept it.
take所表示的接受包含有人赠给的意思。
Did you take his advice?
3.meaning n. 意思；意义
Eg: What’s the meaning of this word? 这个单词的意思是什么？
【拓展】mean v. 意味着
Eg: The red signal means you can shoot.
mean doing 意味着做……
mean to do 打算做
Eg: Taking his present means considering him as a friend.
I meant to go right now.
4.bored adj. 无聊的；烦人的 uninterested(近)
Eg: After a while, I began to get bored with my job.
【拓展】boring adj. 令人厌烦的 bore v. 使……感到厌烦
Eg: The film is so boring.
All his stories bore me.
【搭配】be bored with 对……感到厌烦
Eg: I’m bored with so many boring things.
5. well-dressed adj. 衣着入时的; 穿着讲究的
Eg: The girl was well-dressed, as usual.
【拓展】dress v. _____________； n. _____________
【辨析】dress , put on , wear
dress 穿，打扮，多指穿的状态；dress sb. in
He dressed himself in a suit of uniform.
put on 穿的动作 put on + 服装
He put on a suit of uniform.
wear 表穿的状态 wear + 服装
He wears a suit of uniform.
6. appearance n. 外貌；外观；出现
Eg: The appearance of the old house completely changed.
【拓展】appear v. 出现; 似乎; 显得 disappear v. 消失
Eg: The old woman appears to be in good health.
The thief disappeared down the street.
【搭配】judge sb. by one’s appearance 以貌取人
Eg: It is unfair to judge him by his appearance.
7. impression n. 印象；感觉
Eg: What’s your impression of Shanghai?
【拓展】impress v. 使……有印象 impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的
Eg: I was very impressed by his story.
His speech was impressive.
【搭配】make a good impression on sb.留下好的印象 =
He made a good impression on his friend. 他给朋友留下了好的印象。
8. hold v. 拿住；保留；握住；举行
过去式_________ 过去分词__________
Eg: She is holding her journal and a pen.
We will hold a meeting tomorrow.
【拓展】hold n. 握住；保留；控制
Eg: He released his hold on the camera.
【搭配】grab/ catch/ get hold of = close your hand tightly around sth.
A doctor and a nurse caught hold of his arms.
【小试牛刀】
( )They held a money-raising activity for the children in need. (同义词替换)
A. organized B. raised C. carried
9.expression n.表情，神情
Eg: His facial expression is funny.
【拓展】express v.表达；流露
Eg: The teacher expressed his unhappiness.
【小试牛刀】
Jack can himself clearly.
10. remind v. 提醒 =help sb. remember sth.
Eg: Please remind me to post the letter tomorrow.
【搭配】remind sb. of sth./ remind sb. about sth. 让人想起；提醒某人某事
Eg: Remind him of the meeting tomorrow.
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
Eg: Please remind him to take his medicine later on.
remind sb. that +从句 提醒某人某事
Eg: He reminded me that I ought to do it at once.
【小试牛刀】
1.Tom came to remind his sister (buy) a book for him.
2.He reminded me (to/of) my experience in the forest.
11. cross v. 使相交；交错而行 n. 十字架 n. ______________ 十字路口
Eg: It’s very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.
【辨析】cross; across; through
across是介词，cross是动词；cross = go / walk across
across为横穿，through表示从空间中穿过；
go through the forest / go across the street
12. take place =happen v.发生
这两个词都表示“发生”，但是都没有被动语态。
Eg: Great changes have taken place in my hometown.
Several serious accidents have happened in this area.
13. shake v. 摇头；握手
过去式__________ 过去分词______________
Eg: He shook his hands to warm them up.
【拓展】① shake hands with sb.
② shake one’s head 反义短语 nod one’s head
Eg: Shaking one’s head means “no”, and nodding means “yes”.
★ 同步训练
一、选择题。
1.The house faces towards the river.
A. in B. to C. at D. of
2.His appearance attracts many people.
A. height B. behaviour C. look D. action
3.She is well-dressed when she goes out.
A. in good clothes B. in simple clothes C. popular D. unpopular
4.I held my arm in front of the doctor and let him check.
A. entered B. controlled C. compared D. kept
5.At first I didn't find Jack. Later, I found him in the library.
A. Soon B. After sometime C. Suddenly D. Quickly
6.--- I don't want to ________her advice because I think it is useless.【出
--- You're right. I ________ think so.
A. accept; also B receive; also C. accept; too D. receive; too
7.--- I don't know the ___________ of this sentence.21cnjy.
--- Let's ________ our teacher for help.
A. impression; to ask B. impression; to promise
C. meaning; ask D. meaning; promise
8. --- People require__________ in society.
--- Yes. It is very important _______ everyone to talk with each other.
A. distance; of B. communication, for C. communication; of D. distance; for
9. --- What did your _______ mean?
--- It meant you should keep ______.
A. greeting; quietly B. gesture quietly C. greeting; quiet D. gesture; quiet
10. --- Did you ______ him about his homework?www-2-1-cnjy-com
--- Yes. But he didn't _________ me. He asked me to leave him alone.
A. improve; listen to B. remind; listen to C. improve; hear D. remind; hear
11. --- ____________eye contact is very important during a conversation.
--- Yes. It is a kind of body ________.
A. Make; invention B. Making; invention C. Make; language D. Making; language
12.--- Can you tell me how to make a good impression ___others?21
--- Smile often. That is the ___to success.
A. on; model B. in, key C. on; key D. in; model
13. --- What’s the _________with you?
---I _______in the exam.
A. matter failed B. question; failed C. matter, sighed D. question; sighed
14.--- Great changes have ________ in my hometown.21*cnjy*com
--- Yes. Look! There ______many beautiful parks and building now.
A. taken place; were B. taken off; were C. taken place; are D. taken off; are
15.--- May I leave a(n) ______ to Mr. Smith?
---Yes, you _____. What do you want to tell him?21教育名师原创作品
A. information, must B. message; can C. message; must D. information; can
16. --- Her words always make people _______welcome.www.21-c
--- She is good at _______.
A. sound; communicate B. feel; communicating
C. sound; communicating D. feel; communicate
17.--- I am very ____ with my job now. What should I do?
---Why don't you _____ for a few months?21·世纪*教育网
A. boring; rest B. bored; to rest C. boring; to rest D. bored; rest
18. --- What should I do if I __________ with you?
--- You should _______your head.
A. will agree; nod B. agree; nod C. will agree; lose D. agree; lose
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. You should remind him _______ (finish) his work.
2. I'm _________ (surely) he will come back tomorrow.
3. ______ (nod) is a kind of body language.
4. I enjoy _______ (watch) cartoons in my free time.
5. I am looking forward to _________ (meet) him again.6. I didn't get a chance _________ (work) in this company.
7. Why not ___________ (come) to my home?
8. You'd better ________ (stay) at home today.
9. With a surprised ___________ (express), he left.
10. She went to the park instead of _________ (go) shopping.
三、完成句子。
1.这个小男孩不高兴，他怎么了？
The little boy is unhappy. _____ _____ _____ _____ him?21cnjy.com
这个老妇人使我想起我奶奶。
The old woman _____ _____ ____ my grandma.
3.经过多年的努力，他终于得到出国的机会。
After working hard for several years, finally he _____ ____ ____ ____ go abroad.
两年后，林涛回到了广州。
Lin Tao came back to Guangzhou _____ _____ _____ .【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
5.我们学校的人数超过2000人。
The number of our school’s students is _______ _________ 2000.2-1-c-n-j-y
6.他被告知要使用铅笔而不用钢笔。
He was told to use a pencil _______ _______a pen.2·1·c·n·j·y
7.第29届奥运会开幕式将于2008年8月8日在北京举行。
The 29th Olympic Games Ceremony Aug. 8th, 2008 in Beijing.
8.你所说的话给史密斯教授留下了深刻的印象。
What you said to Professor Smith .
四、课文语法填空。
Debbie and Simon are students. They both have part-time jobs at (1) __________ travel agency.
A well-dressed lady entered the office. She looked at Debbie and Simon and then walked over to Debbie. Debbie gave her a (2) ___________ (cheer) greeting. Simon sighed and walked away. Mr. Yang asked him (3) ___________ was the matter. Simon said he didn’t understand why people always chose Debbie instead (4) ___________him. Mr. Yang told him it was the way he communicated. He said, “Communicating is (5) ___________ (much) than just speaking. Body language is important too. It is the way you stand and sit. It’s your gesture and the expression on your face. Your whole (6) ___________ (appear) communicates things.”
Simon decided (7) ___________ (improve) his body language. He sat up straight and tried (8) ___________ (smile) at people. Minutes later, a beautiful girl entered. She walked over to Simon. A few moments later, she left with a smile.
Mr. Yang came over at once and said to Simon that he made a good impression (9) ___________ she, Simon told Mr. Yang that the girl was his sister and she came to remind (10) ___________ that the next day was her birthday.
【重点语法】
??? 动名词
一、构成
动名词由动词+ing构成，否定形式为not doing，具有动词的特征和名词的作用，在句中起名词作用，可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。
二、用法
1.作主语。
Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
It’s no use arguing with him. 和他争论是没用的。
注意：动名词作主语，有时用it作形式主语，把doing置于句末。常见句型如下：
It’s no use/ good/ fun/ worth doing sth.
It’s a waste of time doing sth.
It’s a hard time doing sth.
Eg: It’s fun playing with children.
2.作宾语。作动词和介词的宾语。
He is fond of playing football. 他喜欢踢足球。
I like swimming. 我喜欢游泳。
a.动词后加动名词doing作宾语 V. + doing sth.
admit承认 appreciate感激，赞赏 avoid避免
complete完成 consider认为 delay耽误
deny否认 detest讨厌 endure忍受
enjoy喜欢 escape逃脱 prevent阻止
fancy想象 finish完成 imagine想象
mind介意 miss想念 postpone推迟
practise训练 recall回忆 resent讨厌
resist抵抗 resume继续 risk冒险
suggest建议 face面对 include包括
stand忍受 understand理想 forgive宽恕
keep继续
Eg: Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
b.词组后接doing
admit to prefer…to be used to lead to devote oneself to
object to stick to busy look forward to ( to为介词)
no good, no use, It’s worth… as well as,
can’t help, It’s no use / good be tired of be fond of
be capable of be afraid of be proud of think of / about
hold off put off keep on insist on
count on / upon set about be successful in
good at take up give up burst out prevent…from…
Eg: He felt like eating nothing. = He didn’t want to eat anything.
They couldn’t help laughing happily.
I’m used to going to work on foot.
The boy is worth making friends with.
I prefer reading to listening to music.
3.作表语
Eg: Her job is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children.
4.动词need, require, want作“需要”解，其后必需跟动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语，表事情需要被做。这时，动名词的主动式表被动意义。be worth后必须用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。
Eg: Your car needs/ requires/ wants cleaning/ to be cleaned.
Her method is worth trying.
5.在一些动词或词组后，可带动名词或不定式作宾语，但是意义不同。
①在remember,?forget,?regret后
remember to?do?sth.记得去做某事(还没做)
remember doing?sth.记得做过某事(已做过,现在仍记得)
forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(还没做)
forget doing?sth.忘记做过某事(已做过，但现在忘记了)
regret to?do?sth.对要做的事感到遗憾/后悔(还没做)
regret doing?sth.对做过的事感到后悔(已做过，但现在后悔了)
Eg:?Please?remember?to?post?my?letter.
I?remember?posting?the?letter.
Don't?forget?to?turn?off?the?light?before?you?leave?the?room.
?I shall?never?forget?meeting?the?famous?professor.
②在stop, go?on后
stop to do sth.停止做某事，去做另一件事
stop doing sth.停止正在做的事
go on to?do sth. 做完一件事，接着做另一件事
go on doing?sth. 继续做原来的那件事
Eg: They?stopped?to?talk?to?me?when?they?saw?me.
Stop?complaining?about?the?traffic.?Just?think?about?what?we can do?to?improve?it.
③在try后
try to do sth. 尽力做某事 try doing?sth. 尝试做某事
Eg: The?doctor?tried?to?cure?the?woman?of?her?illness?so?he?tried treating?her?with?a?new?medicine.?
Why not?try?working?out?the?problem?in?another?way?
④在mean后
mean to do?sth.打算做某事 mean doing?sth.?意味着做某
Eg:?I?meant?to?go?running?this?morning.
Wasting?time?means?killing?life.
★ 同步训练
一、选择题。
( )1. My brother keeps ____ my favourite book. And I want it back!2·1·c·n·j·y
A. to take B. take C. taking D. took
( )2.I can’t imagine_____ with such a famous author.21·世纪*教育网
A. work B.to work C. to be working D. workingwww-2-1-cnjy-com
( )3.I will continue _____the patients at the hospital in my spare time.
A. help B. to help C. helping D. B & C
( )4._____is a good of exercise for both the young and the old.21*cnjy*com
A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D.Walked21世纪教育网版权所有
( )5.Our father often told us in the past that _____is believing.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
A. to see B. seeing C. see D.to be seen【出处：21教育名师】
( )6.--- I have difficulty ________ new words. What should I do?【版权所有：21教育】
--- You should understand the ________of new words before you remember them.
A. remembering; meanings B. remember; meanings21教育名师原创作品
C. remembering; messages D. remember; messages21*cnjy*com
( )7.We should often practise ____ English with each other.
A. to speak B. spoke C. speak D. speaking21cnjy.com
( )8.--- ____________eye contact is very important during a conversation.
--- Yes. It is a kind of body ________.
A. Make; invention B. Making; invention
C. Make; language D. Making; language
( )9.--- I'm very interested in ________ basketball.www.21-cn-jy.com
--- Me too. But I don't have time ________ every day.
A. playing; to play B. play; to play
C. playing; playing D. play; play
( )10.She is very busy ____ her papers. She is too busy ____ shopping.
A. to write; to go B. writing; to go
C. writing; going D. to write; for going2-1-c-n-j-y
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.I enjoy _______ (watch) cartoons in my free time.
2._______ (take) a walk for a while after meals does good to us.
3.It's important_______(finish) the work on time．
4.She went to the park instead of _________ (go) shopping
5.______ (nod) is a kind of body language.
6.Would you mind (close) the window, please? It’s so cold.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
7.I am looking forward to _________ (meet) him again.
8.When you leave the office, please do not forget______ (turn) off the lights.
9.Why not ___________ (come) to my home?
10.In order to learn English well, you need to practice _______(speak) English more and more.
三、完成句子。
1.孩子们忙着玩游戏。
The boys are busy computer games.
=The boys computer games.
2.他不想吃东西。
He felt like nothing. =He didn’t want to anything.
3.父亲去年戒烟了。
Father gave up last tear. =Father stopped last year.
4.我习惯步行上班。
I am used to work on foot.
5.这个女孩值得交往。
The girl is worth with.
6.我喜欢看电影，不喜欢听音乐。
I prefer a film to music.
=I like a film better than music.
【综合题型】
一、完型填空。
Little children use a lot of silent signals to communicate, but we've got ways to read their body language.
Like many parents of children, you might find it is hard to__1__ your children's signals. Even though children can know around 200 words by their second birthday, they are only able to __2__50 of these words in daily life. This means you have to __3__ your children's body language much of the time to know how they're __4__ or what they're wanting. While no one expects you to be a mind __5__, you can pay attention to your children's body language to learn how to __6__ in some cases.
It is difficult to believe that one little arm cross can have more than 67 kinds of meanings. But for children, it's __7__ to be a signal that they’re feeling uneasy. For example, your children might not be able to __8__, "I don't want this unfamiliar (不熟悉的) horse near me," but they can __9__ themselves from it by folding their arms to __10__ a protective barrier (保护屏障)21教育
Learn more about your children's body language so that you can communicate with them more easily.
( ) 1. A. continue B. imagine C. understand D. produce
( ) 2. A. carry B. take C. make D. use
( ) 3. A. depend on B. hold on C. keep on D. put on
( ) 4. A. watching B. looking C. feeling D. tasting
( ) 5. A. driver B. reader C. actor D. adviser
( ) 6. A. find B. show C. respond D. answer
( ) 7. A. false B. wrong C. important D. likely
( ) 8. A. ask B. say C. talk D. tell
( ) 9. A. protect B. check C. operate D. feel
( ) 10. A. succeed B. respect C. invent D. create
二、阅读理解。
How often do you talk with people and notice that their words say one thing while their action says another? A facial expression, crossed arms or the way they behave can show what is really in their mind. This is body language, and we must teach our children to understand and use it.
We often teach children to be thoughtful when they speak and write, and we also need to teach them to be thoughtful in their body language. Giving examples is one of the ways to do that. Help children understand that people use body language most of the time in their life. Where they're looking when they speak, how they turn their bodies, how they place their arms and so on can give others important information.
There will be times that people want and need to use their body language. In school or job situations, understanding body language can make a difference. And using body language in other situations is also helpful to personal safety and sometimes stops misunderstandings(误会)．
( )1. The first paragraph tells us that ________.
A. it's important to teach children body language
B. children often use body language
C. a facial expression is good for children
D. crossed arms are not good for children
( ) 2. What does the underlined word "thoughtful" mean?
A. Talking quietly. B. Looking directly.
C. Speaking loudly. D. Thinking deeply.
( ) 3. Which of the following is NOT the advantage (好处) of using body language?
A. Making a difference in school. B. Being helpful to personal safety.
C. Getting something you want. D. Stopping misunderstandings.
( ) 4. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Both a facial expression and crossed arms are body language.
B. Giving examples is the only way to teach children body language.
C. Body language can give people important information.
D. People sometimes want to use their body language.
( ) 5. Where can we read the passage?
A. In a cartoon. B. In a magazine. C. In a travel book. D. In a storybook.
三、作文。
在日常交流中，你喜欢用肢体语言吗？使用肢体语言有哪些好处呢？请根据下面的中文提示写一篇英语作文，80词左右，可适当发挥。
提示：
1.我喜欢用肢体语言；
2.使用肢体语言能够很好地表达自己；
3.肢体语言能够让谈话变得生动活泼；
4.使用正确的肢体语言能给别人留下好的印象。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Unit 3 Traditional skills
【重点单词短语】
description n. 说明；形容
Eg: He gave a description of a picture.
【拓展】v. describe= say what sth. is like 描述
describe sth. to/for sb. 为…描述…
你能为我们描述一下那起事故吗？
【小试牛刀】
1.言语无法形容她的美丽。
Words can’t her beauty.
2.他向我描述了他的计划。
He his plan me.
2.fisherman n. 渔夫 复数：
【拓展】fish ①v. 捕鱼；钓鱼
②n. 鱼（单复数同形。当指鱼的种类时，复数是fishes）
There are kinds of in the river. 河里有很多种鱼。
3.although conj. 尽管；虽然 =though
Eg: Although (Though) he is over 65, he’s very fit.
注意：①although/ though不能和but连用。
②although/ though引导的是让步状语从句。放在主句前后均可
【小试牛刀】
虽然下着雪，他们还是出去了。
it was snowing, they still went out.
4.fit ① adj.健康的 = 合身的 be fit for= be suitable for
② v.合适，合身 sth. for sb.
Eg: He keeps himself fit/healthy by running 5 miles every day.
This suit doesn’t fit me well. Have you got a larger size?
【拓展】fitness n.= 健康，强壮
5.ready adj. =fully prepared or completed准备好的 = happy to do 乐意的
Eg: She’s always ready to help others.
【搭配】be ready for准备好做某事
Eg: We are ready for the journey.
【辨析】be ready, get ready
两者都有准备的意思,前者着重表示“准备好了”的状态；后者着重“做准备”这一动作。
Eg: They’re ready for the competition.
We must get ready for it.
6.reach v. = get to = arrive in/ at 到达, 触及, 碰得到
Eg: He didn’t stop until he reached the door.
Can you reach your toes with your fingertips?
【辨析】reach, arrive, get to的区别：三者均可表示“到达”。
①arrive和get都是不及物动词，后者较口语化。均不可直接接宾语，但可接here, there, home之类的地点副词。
We got/ arrived here last night.
arrive in/ at 到达大/小地方
get to
We arrived at the station five minutes late.
They will arrive in Paris next week.
When we got to the school, it began rain.
②reach是及物动词，可直接跟地点名词作宾语。
He reached Beijing yesterday.
reach还可表其他意义的“到达”。
Your letter reached me last week. 我是上周收到你的信的。
【小试牛刀】
用reach, arrive, get to适当形式填空
You can guess it when you the end of it.
They will in Paris tomorrow.
We at the station yesterday afternoon.
When we to the park, it began to rain.
7.attract v. = make sb. interested in sb. or sth. 吸引
Eg: The show attracts viewers from all works of life.
【同根词】attraction n. 吸引力 attractive adj. 有吸引力的, 美丽的
The main attraction of the place is the beach.
All the goods in this shop are attractive in price.
8.hang v.悬挂；吊
Eg: Hang your coat up on the hook.
There’s a peg near the door to hang your coat on.
1. v. 悬挂，吊 过去式 hung 过去分词 hung
2. v. 绞死 过去式 hanged 过去分词 hanged
The walls were with huge modern paintings.
The five men will be at 7am. on Tuesday.
9.require v. 需要；需求= need
Eg: This job requires ten years of work experience.
【拓展】requirement n. 需要
Eg: One of the requirements of good news writing is accuracy.
【搭配】①require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
②require doing = require to be done 某事需要被做
need doing=need to be done
Your bike requires . = Your bike requires
【小试牛刀】
1.他们要求我归还我之前借的那本书。
They the book that I borrowed before.
2.这封信需要立刻回复。
This letter at once.
10.practise v. 从事；练习
Eg: She practices playing the piano every day.
【拓展】practice n.练习
Eg: To be musicians needs hours of practice every day.
Practice makes perfect.
11.health n.健康
Eg: Smoking is harmful to health.
Fresh air and exercises are good for health.
【拓展】healthy adj.健康的 keep healthy 保持健康
Eg: Most of us need to lead more balanced lives to be heathy and happy.
12.no more 不再
Eg: Perhaps there will be no more newspapers in the world in 50 years.
【辨析】no longer, no more的区别：都表示“不再”
no longer = not… any longer no more = not… any more
前者侧重时间，后者侧重程度和数量。
Eg: He is no more a little boy.
He lives here. = .
You can drink . = .
13.luck. n.幸运
Eg: I knew I needed a bit of luck to win.
Luckily, he passed the driving test for one time.
【拓展】lucky adj.幸运的 luckily adv.幸运地
Eg: He is a lucky dog because he wins the game.
★ 同步训练
一、选择题。
1. Learning a language needs time and effort.
A. returns B. remembers C. reminds D. requires
2. The Maths problem was easy. Most students could work it out.
A. difficult B. rough C. simple D. serious
3. You should exercise more to keep healthy.
A. lonely B. fit C. weak D. happy
4. When are you going to leave?
A. set off B. put off C. take off D. get off
5. Please call me as soon as you reach Shenzhen.
A. go back B. run away C. get there D. arrive in
6.The flower show attracts many people.
A. make come B. makes to become bigger
C. makes become popular D. makes leave
7.Now many women keep fit with diet and exercise.
A. young B. healthy and strong C. weak and ill D. beautiful
8.Hang the picture somewhere on the wall.
A. put into B. dropped from C. took from D. put on
9.The floor requires washing.
A. makes B. sells C. asks D. needs
10. He did not stop until he reached the door.
A. arrived B. returned C. got to D. left
11. — Do you feel _____ than before?
— Yes. Now I keep myself ____ by running 5 miles every day.
A. better; fit B. good; weak C. well; poor D. worse; healthy
12. — Why is there a light ____ under the roof(屋顶) of your shop?
— Because people are easily _____ by bright light.
A. hang; needed B. hung; attracted C. hung; need D. hang; attract
13. — What will the life be like _____ 100 years?
— I don’t know. Maybe lots of new things _____ to help us.
A. after; will invent B. in; were invented
C. in; will be invented D. after; invented
14.---How does the old man ___________?
---By using cormorants. He is a ______and he works with cormorants every day.
A. catch fish, policeman B. catch fish, fisherman
C. make a face, fisherman D. make a face, policeman
15.---What are the students busy________?
---They are _____the competition.
A. doing, ready for B. doing, ready with
C. to do, ready to D. to do, ready with
16.---What does a good teacher_______, Mary?
---Enough patience and ___________experience.
A. need, few B. need, many C. require, many D. require, much
17.---_____will we have to walk?
---We have twenty miles to cover to ________ the nearest railway station.
A. How long, reach B. How long, get to
C. How far, reach D. How far, arrive
18. ---_____beautiful painting!
---Yes, It________ by Lucy last year.
A. What, painted B. How, is painted
C. What a, was painted D. How, painted
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.Look! A man is ___________________(tie) a boat to a small tree over there.
2.At last, the poor child _____________________(appear) and we didn’t see him any more.
3.The mixture of coke and champagne ___________________(taste) strange.
4.Modern fishing skills are now____________________(wide) used.
5.Daming usually _________(set) off in the late afternoon and gets the cormorants ready for work.
6.After dark, a light is _____________________(hang) on a post at the front of the boat.
7.Although he is over 65, he is very fit and still enjoys_________________(work).
8.Few young people in the minority show respect to their own______________(traditional).
9.He joined the ____________ __(fish) Club while she joined the Dancing Club.
10.Cosplay__________________(attract) a lot of people every year in Shenzhen.
三、完成句子。
1.你明天打算几点出发？
What time ____ you ____ ____ ____ ____ tomorrow?
2.她总是准备好帮助别人。
She ____ ____ ____ ____ help others.
3.虽然下着雨，但是男孩子们仍然在操场上高兴地玩着。
____ ____ ____ ____, the boys still play in the playground happily.
4.列车员要求他们出示车票。
The conductor _____ _____ _____ _____ their tickets.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
5.这个大厅能够容纳多达1000人.
The hall can hold _____ _____ 1,000 people.
6.大明用鸬鹚来捕鱼。
_______________________________________________
7.他们擅长捕鱼因为他们能游得很好。
_______________________________________________
8.尽管他已经超过65岁了，他还很健康，仍然热爱工作。
_______________________________________________
9.大明通常在傍晚时出发并令鸬鹚准备好工作。
_______________________________________________
10.他在它们（鸬鹚）的脖子上系一根草绳以防止它们把大鱼吃下。
_______________________________________________
四、课文语法填空。
Wang Damon is a fisherman. Although he is over 65, he is very (1) ___________ (health) and still enjoys working.
Damon uses cormorants (2) ___________ (catch) fish. Cormorants are large black birds. They are good (3) ___________ catching fish because they can swim well. They can dive down and stay under the water (4) ___________ up to two minutes. Demon usually sets off in the late afternoon and gets the cormorants ready for work. First, he ties (5) ___________ piece of grass around their necks to stop them from (6) ___________ (eat) big fish. Then when Demon pushed them into river. He uses several cormorants to attract fish. During the day, he jumps up and down on his boat. After dark, he hangs a light on a post at the front of the boat. The cormorants bring the fish back to the boat. The fish are taken and thrown into a big basket by Damon. No nets (7) ___________ (require) for this type of fishing.
Cormorants fishing was once practiced in lots of (8) ___________ (place) in South-East China, and there were many fishermen in the area. But today, few people are (9) ___________ (interest) in it. In 50 years, perhaps there (10) ___________ (be) no more cormorant fishermen in the world.
【重点语法】
??? 被动语态
时态结构：
一般现在时：（1）be动词 （2）行为动词原形、行为动词+s/es
一般过去时：（1）be动词 （2）行为动词+ed、不规则动词过去式
一般将来时：（1）be going to do （2）will do
情态动词：can/may/must+动词原形
现在进行时：be+动词ing（am/is/are）
过去进行时：be+动词ing（was/were）
现在完成时：have/has+动词的过去分词
过去完成时：had+动词的过去分词
一、概念:主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
Many people speak English. (主动语态)
? English is spoken by many people. (被动语态)
二、被动语态的构成：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词。
三、被动语态的时态:以为work 例:
? 1.一般现在时: am / is/are+ worked
? 2.一般过去时: was / were+ worked
? 3.一般将来时: shall / will +be+ worked
4.情态动词: (can/may/must/should etc.)+be+动词的过去分词
? 5.现在进行时: am /is/are+ being+ worked
? 6.过去进行时: was /were+ being+ worked
7.现在完成时: have/has+ been+ worked
8.过去完成时: had +been+ worked
四、用法：
? 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。
五、注意以下问题：
? A.带有双宾语的动词变为被动语态时，可以把其中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语(sth.)变为主语，须根据习惯在原间接宾语前加上介词to或for
用to的常见词有：give, show, send, lend, pass, pay, teach, throw, take, bring etc.
用for的常见词有：make, choose, sing, play, draw, save, buy, get, leave, cook etc.
(1) Mary gave him some books.
? He was given some books by Mary.
? Some books were given to him by Mary.
? (2) Her father bought her a new bike.
? She was bought a new bike by her father.
? A new bike was bought for her by her father.
? B.带复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为被动语态的主语，宾语补足语不可变为主语。
? (1) We call him Gina.
? He is called Gina (by us).
? (2) They made me happy.
? I was made happy (by them).
? (3) He asked me to come here.
I was asked to come here (by him)
? C.在notice, see, let, make, hear, watch etc.动词之后，作宾语补足语的动词不定式不带
to，但在变为被动语态时，则一定要加上to。
(1) We saw them play football just now.
? They were seen to play football just now.
(2) We often hear her sing in English.
? She is often heard to sing in English.
? D.在某些“不及物动词+介词/副词”(相当于及物物动词)的句子中，变被动语态时，注意不要丢掉介词/副词。
? (1) People often talk about that film.
? That film is often talked about.
? (2)We should speak to the old people politely.
? The old people should be spoken to politely.
E.主动形式表示被动意义的词：
? (1)某些感官动词:
? look, smell, taste, feel, wear, sound
? (2)某些及物动词+副词：
? wash, write, sell, read, open, cut, shut, keep
? This coat feels soft.
? The pen writes smoothly.
? That book sells well.
? This kind of shirt washes easily.
? F.只有及物动词(vt.)才有被动语态，不及物动词(vi.)没有被动语态，因为它不带宾语。
? happen
? What was happened? ×
? What has happened? √
What is happening? √
★ 同步训练
一、选择题。
( )1.The Olympic Games _______ every four years.
A. are held B. were held C. are holding D. will hold
( )2.We_______ to close the windows before we left the lab.
A. tell B. told C. were told D. are told
( )3._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?
A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did; build
( )4.Some famous paintings _______ in the hall next week.
A. will show B. were shown C. is shown D. will be shown
( )5.This kind of food_______ cool, clean and dry according to the instruction.
A. should be carried B. must be put C. should be placed D. must be kept
( )6.The big room _____ for meetings.
A. are using B. will use C. can use D. is used
( )7.The Great Wall __________ all over the world. It attracts lots of tourists from abroad each year.
A. has known B. was knowing C. is known D. knows
( )8.Where _______ rice _____?
A. does; grow B. will; grow C. is; growing D. is; grown
( )9. I’m sorry. Smoking ______here.
A. is allowed B. is not allowed C. will be allowed D. will not allow
( )10.The glass _________. It ________ by little Tom this morning.
A. broke; is broken B. is broken; was broken
C. was broken; broke D. has been broken; broken
( )11.Nearly everybody here _________when the old museum __________.
A. knows; was built B. know; built
C. knows; built D. is known; was built
( )12.I won’t leave my office until my work __________ .
A. finish B. will finish C. are finished D. is finished
中考真题一
1.The road ____ last year.
A. builds B. built C. was built D. is built
2.Liu Xiang ___ by his coach to train regularly.
A. advised B. advises C. was advised D. be advised
3.A Disneyland Park ___ in Shanghai Pudong New Area in the near future.
A. builds B. has built C. will build D. will be built
4. –Can you sing this English song? ---Of course, I can. It__ many times on the radio.
A. taught B. has taught C. is taught D. has been taught
5.The 16th Asian Games ____ in Guangzhou in November,2010.
A. holds B. will hold C. was held D. will be held
6.No conclusion __ before we complete this test.
A. is made B. will be made C. has made D. has been made
7.Necessary action __ so that students can be safe at schools.
A. can be taken B. must be taken C. may be taken D. might be taken
8.More than 100 workers __ from the Wangjialing Coal Mine in April this year.
A. is saved B. are saved C. was saved D. were saved
9.Another new railway station ___ in Changsha in 2011.
A. was built B. build C. will be built D. built
10 People in Korea ___ bow when they meet for the first time.
A. supposed to B. are suppose to C. are supposed to D. has been to
11.–Doctor, it seems that you like to work with animals.
--Yes, I think animals should __ as our friends.
A. regard B. be regarded C. be regarding D. are regarded
12. –What are on show in the museum?
--Some photos_ by the children of Yushu, Qinghai.
A. have been taken B. were taken C. are taken D. taken
13. You’d better put the books here. They, with the dictionary, ___ back where they were.
A. should put B. could put C. can be put D. must be put
中考真题二
1.The sick boy __to hospital by the police yesterday.
A. is taken B. was taken C. takes D. took
2.Waste paper shouldn’t __ everywhere. It’s our duty to keep our city clean.
A. be thrown B. throw C. is thrown D. are thrown
3. –Do you have any problems if you __ this job?
A. offer B. will offer C. are offered D. will be offered
4.It is reported that more new teaching buildings __ in our school in the next term.
A. will be built B. was built C. has built D. will build
5.---David, turn off the TV __ no one is watching it.
---But it __ off already! The music is from the radio.
A.so that, has been turned B. when, has turned
C. if, has been turned D. because, has turned
6.Jack __ a job in a bank, but to our surprise, he didn’t take it.
A. is offered B. offered C was offered D. has offered
7.---It’s difficult for the village children to cross the river for school.
---I think a bridge __ over the river.
A. was built B. is being built C. has been built D. should be built
8. I ___ to get there before seven tomorrow, so I’ll have to get up early.
A. told B. have told C. will tell D. was told
9. It is reported that the Underground Line No. 3 __ in our city in 2010.
A. will build B. has built C. will be built D. has been built
10.When you leave the room, make sure the door ___.
A. was locked B. is locked C. will be locked D. should be locked
11.---Do you believe there are aliens? ---I am afraid not. I don’t think aliens __ in space.
A. can find B. can be found C. can be found D. can’t be found
12.---I want to be a Chinese teacher when I grow up.
---That’s great. Chinese teachers __ in China and some foreign countries.
A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need
13. Don’t worry. You ___ plenty of time to decide.
A. will give B. have given C. will be given D. are giving
14.As China grows stronger and stronger, Chinese __ in more and more schools out of our country.
A. teaches B. is taught C. has taught D. was taught
15.---Our environment is getting worse than before.
---You’re right. But thanks to Earth Day, people have done more and more useful things to protect the earth since Earth Day___.
A. is started B. was started C. has started D. have started
16.The young man was often seen __ by the lake.
A. to draw B. to drawing C. draw D. drew
17.Ba Jin, one of the greatest writers in China, __ as “People’s Writer”
A. is regarded B. has regarded C. is regarding D. regards
18. ---Where did you go last night?
--- I __ to go to Li Lei’s birthday party.
A. asked B. am asked C. have been asked D. was asked
19. ---I want to be a doctor. ---Doctors __ in every part of the world, I think.
A. need B. are needed C. are needing D. will need
20.The village is building a school. I hope it __ before August this year.
A. finishes B. will finish C. is finished D. will be finished
二、按要求改写句子。
1.My friend helped me with my homework last week. (改为被动语态)
2.A new school will be built next year. (改为一般疑问句)
3.He was stopped by a car on his way back home. (改为否定句)
4.This song is often sung by different people. (改为一般疑问句)
5.I will water the flower tomorrow. (改为被动语态)
6.This pair of trousers should be washed again. (改为否定句)
7.Parents can take their children to the cinema on Children’s Day. (改为被动语态)
8.The children have been looked after well. (改为否定句)
9.Has the Moon been visited by man several times so far? (作肯定回答)
10.They have planted a lot of trees since 1990. (改为被动语态)
三、用所给动词的合适时态和语态填空。
1.The newspaper (bring) to school yesterday.
2.Your dress (finish) in three days.
3.An interesting programme can (show) on TV soon.
4.Students (not allow) to take their mobile phones to school.
5.Her homework (do) by her so far.
6.Must these books (return) on time?
7.Their clothes may (put) on the bed.
8.How much money (raise) up to now?
9.Old people should (speak) politely.
10.Rubbish mustn’t (throw) in public places.
四、用所给动词的合适时态和语态填空。
1.I was (invite) to go to Betty’s birthday last night.
2.Hundreds of jobs (lose) when the Eastman Kodak Company closed in 2013.
3.A new shopping mall (build) here. It will be very convenient for us.
4.My breakfast (make) by mother every day.
5.I (ask) to prepare for the speech.
6.The flowers are (water) by my grandfather every day.
7. the boy (hurt) on this road last week?
8. trees and flowers (plant) every year?
9.It is (say) that Mr. Li won’t come back until next Friday.
10.The story (not read) by Gina yesterday.
【综合题型】
一、完型填空。
The summer is coming, and the storms are often. Though they 1 often, some people don’t take them seriously. In fact, it’s very 2 for people and it even can make people die at once.
So 3 can we keep safe during a lightning storm(雷雨)？
If you are indoors, stay away from windows and doors during a lightning storm. 4 The TV and computer.
I learned my lesson the hard way, and my computer was 5 during a lightning storm. Don’t take a shower or do some dishes, because lightning can 6 through water. Never use the phone. Lightning could travel through the phone line and hit you.
If you are outdoors during a lightning storm, 7 take shelter(遮蔽) from the storm under a tree, because the lightning could hit the tree and travel through the tree to hit you. Stay away from 8 . Try to get in your car and close all the windows or run into a nearby building 9 . If there’s no building around, try to find a 10 place to stay in. Squat(蹲) down near the ground and put your hands over your ears.
( )1.A. happen B. produce C. grow D. find
( )2.A. useful B. necessary C. safe D. dangerous
( )3.A. how B. what C. when D. where
( )4.A. Turn on B. Turn off C. Turn up D. Turn down
( )5.A. lost B. gone C. broken D. closed
( )6.A. visit B. fly C. walk D. travel
( )7.A. often B. always C. ever D. never
( )8.A. metal B. wood C. stone D. plastic
( )9.A. at times B. later on C. just now D. right away
( )10.A. low B. quiet C. perfect D. small
二、阅读理解。
A
One day a very famous gentleman had a visit to a famous mountain. The mountain was very beautiful and he fell in love with it at once.
When he got there, he found some people were building a temple. There he saw a sculptor
making an idol(神像) of God. Suddenly he noticed a similar idol lying nearby.
Surprised, he asked the sculptor, “ Do you need two statues of the same idol?”
“ No,” said the sculptor without looking up, “ We need only one, but the first one got damaged at the last stage.”
The gentleman looked at the idol carefully and found no damage … “Where is the damage?” he asked.
“ There is a scratch(划痕) on the nose of the idol,” said the sculptor , still busy with his work.
“Where are you going to put the idol?” The sculptor replied that it would be put on a pillar(柱) twenty feet high.
“If the idol is that high, who is going to know that there is a scratch on the nose?” the gentleman asked.
The sculptor stooped his work, looked up at the gentleman, smiled and said, “ I know it and
God knows it!”
( )1.Where did the story happen?
A. In a village B. In a temple C. In s house D. In a city
( )2.A similar idol was lying nearby because .
A. the sculptor wanted to make more idols B. the sculptor didn’t want it any more
C. the sculptor thought it was very ugly D. the sculptor didn’t notice it
( )3.The scratch was .
A. on the nose of the idol B. on the pillar
C. on a building in the temple D. on the hand of the sculptor
( )4. can see the scratch if the idol was put on a pillar twenty feet high.
A. The sculptor B. The famous gentleman
C. Anyone D. Nobody
( )5.What can you get from the article?
A. We should do anything carefully B. We should make things more perfect
C. We should learn how to be a sculptor D. We should learn how to judge a thing
B
Reading is a good habit, but the problem is, there’s too much to read these days, and too little time to read every word of it. There are hundreds of skills to help you to read more in less time. H ere are two skills that I think are very good.
Preview ---- if it’s long and hard. Previewing is very useful for getting a general idea of heavy reading like magazine articles and science reports.
Here is how to preview.
●Read the first two paragraphs and the last two paragraphs (段落) carefully.
●Then read only the first sentence of the other paragraphs.
Previewing doesn’t give you all the details. It tells you not to spend time on things you don’t really want or need to read.
Skim----if it’s short and simple. Skimming is a good way to get a general idea of light reading, like popular magazines or the sports of your daily paper.
Here’s how to skim.
●Get your eyes to move fast. Sweep them across each line.
●Pick up only a few key words in each line.
Everybody skims differently. You and I may not pick up the same words when we skim the same piece, but perhaps we’ll get the same idea of what it’s all about.
( )1.How many skills are talked about in this passage？
A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four
( )2.What does the underlined word “ preview” mean in Chinese?
A.精读 B.默读 C.预习 D. 略读
( )3.What should we do when we read a science report?
A. Read the first two paragraphs and the last two paragraphs carefully.
B. Spend a lot of time reading the details.
C. Read the first and the last sentences of each paragraph.
D. Pick up only a few key words in each line.
( )4.What should we not do when we read the news about sports events in a daily paper according to the passage?
A. Get our eyes to move fast.
B. Read the last two paragraphs carefully.
C. Sweep our eyes across each line.
D. Pick up only a few key words in each line.
( )5.What is the best title for this passage?
A. Why we should read B. What to read
C. When to read D. How to read faster
三、作文。
请你根据下列提示写一篇题为“How to protect Chinese traditional culture”的短文。
内容提示：
1.中国是一个有着五千年历史的国家。在民间流传着许多传统的艺术和文化，比如：武术、糖人、剪纸、皮影戏等。
2.这些艺术和文化正在消失，并引起人们的关注。
3.作为中华儿女，我们有责任挽救传统文化。幸运的是，相关法律正在制定来保护盒发扬这些传统文化。
参考词汇：
武术 Wushu or Kungfu 糖人 sugar figurines 剪纸 paper cuts
皮影戏shadow puppets 关注concern 保护protect 民间文化 folk arts 责任 responsibility
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Unit 4 Cartoons and comic strips
【重点单词短语】
1.warning n.警告；警示
Eg: It is important to know all warnings.
【拓展】warn v.警告
warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人（不要）干某事
Eg: He warned Billy to keep away from his daughter.
warn sb. of sth. 提醒、警告某人注意某事
Eg: The policeman warned Tom of the danger of driving after drinking.
warn sb. against (doing) sth. 警告某人不要做某事
Eg: The doctor warned the villagers against drinking water from the river.
2.symbol cn. 符号
Eg: The dove is the symbol for peace.
【辨析】symbol, sign, mark的区别：都可表示“符号、标志”。
symbol指作为象征或表达某种深邃意义的特殊事物
sign代表具有固定意义的一种简明的符号、标志或者征兆
mark指在其他事物上留下的清晰可见的印痕或先天固有的标志。
【小试牛刀】
The white bird is a __________ of freedom. 这只白鸟是自由的象征。
There is a stop __________ at an intersection. 在交叉路口处有停车标志。
Is she able to wash the dirty __________ out of her coat? 她能洗掉外套上的污渍吗？
3.thought cn.心思；思想
Eg: Genius always has many wonderful thoughts.
【拓展】think v.想；思考；以为
think-_________(过去式) -_________(过去分词)
① think of 想到；打算
② think about 考虑；思考
③ think over 再三考虑；仔细考虑
【小试牛刀】
1._____________, and you'll find a way．仔细考虑一下，你就会有办法的。
2.I can't __________ his name．我想不起他的名字。
3.I'll __________your suggestion, and give you an answer tomorrow.我
要考虑一下你的建议,明天给你答复。
4.record v.录音；录制
Eg: I have recorded the whole concert.
【拓展】record n. 记录；履历；唱片 (发音重音位置不同:名词r和动词c)
创造记录set record
打破记录 __________ record
保持记录 __________ record
Eg: She did very well, but she failed to break the world record.
【小试牛刀】
1.你应该记下你的各项开支。 You should keep a of your expenses.
2.她已经录了好几首歌。 She several songs.
3.他们之间的谈话被录音了。 The conversation between them .
5.effect n. 影响；效果；作用
【搭配】have an effect on sth. 对……产生影响
他的话对我的人生产生了巨大的影响。
_____________________________________.
effective adj.有效的；起作用的；给人深刻印象的
The pill is very effective to him.
翻译：_______________________________.
6.basic adj. 基本的；基础的
翻译：名字和住址是一个人的基本信息。
___________________________________.
【拓展】base v. 基于 n. 基础；基地；根据
base sth on sth= be based on sth 基于……，以……为依据
Eg: One should always base his opinion on facts. ?
翻译：爸爸去哪儿这部电影改编自同名电视节目。
This film ‘Dad, Where are we going?’ _____ _________ ____ a famous TV program.
7.pleasant adj. 友好的；和善的；令人愉快的；宜人的
v. __________ n. ____________
Eg: She seems (to be) a pleasant girl.
His new job pleases him.
It’s a pleasure for me to live with you.
【辨析】pleasant, pleased, pleasing的区别
pleasant指“愉快的”，一般用作定语，放在名词前
We spent a very ____________ evening. 我们度过了一个愉快的夜晚。
pleased: 喜悦的；满意的，表说话人的感受（主语为人）
固定搭配：be pleased with 对…感到满意
He ______ __________ ________ the progress we’re making.
他对我们工作的进展很满意。
pleasing：令人愉快的；合意的（主语为物）
The food ______ __________ ________ my taste. 这饭菜正合我的口味。
8. appear v. 显得；似乎；出现 近义词：seem
【搭配】① appear + (to be) + adj./n.
他听到这个消息时显得高兴。
He appears ___________ at the news.
② appear to do sth.
你好像经常旅游。
You appear _____________ quite a lot.
③ appear that + 从句
他似乎很累了。
It appears that .
【拓展】disappear v. 消失；灭绝 appearance n. 外貌；出现
9. match vt./vi. 比赛；相配 n. 比赛；火柴 (pl. matches)
Eg: This skirt does not match with my hat. 这条裙子和我的帽子不相配。
【搭配】一场篮球赛 __________________
两盒火柴 ____________________
【辨析】match, suit, fit的区别
① fit 大小，形状合适
② suit 颜色，款式，花色与人相称
③ match 大小；色调；形状；性质等相搭配
【小试牛刀】
This new jacket _________ her beautifully.
This new jacket don’t _______ her. Have you got a larger size?
This new jacket _________ her T-shirt.
10. separately adv. 单独地
【拓展】separate v. 分开 separate adj. 分开的；单独的；独立的
【小试牛刀】
桥太窄了，我们要分别通过。
The bridge is very narrow. We should go across it ______________.
他们甚至有独立的厨房。
They even had _____________ kitchens.
我们要把好的和坏的分开。
We’d better _______________ the good ones from the bad ones.
11. storm n. 暴风雨；大动荡 v. 起风暴；下暴雨；怒骂 adj. stormy 暴风雨的；猛烈的
【搭配】
一场猛烈的暴风雨 ___________________
他的演讲博得暴风雨般的掌声。His speech was greeted with a _________ of applause.
【拓展】
雷雨 thunder storm 沙尘暴 sand storm 雷阵雨；大暴雨 rainstorm
12. score v.得分 n.分数
Tom scored two goals before half-time.
【搭配】
a high/low score 高分/低分
★ 同步训练
一、选择题。
1.---What do you of do after work?
---I often play with my little daughter after work. It is the greatest joy in my life.
A. sadness B. happiness C. loneliness
2.---All the children appear very tired after school.
---They are too young and they have too much to learn at school.
A. look B. become C. get
3.---The first stage of learning a foreign language seems more important.
---Could you give me some advice about how to learn English well?
A. subject B. hobby C. step
4.---Tom is a pleasant young man.
---Yes, and almost everybody likes him.
A. polite and friendly B. friendly but short C. short and fat
5.---Why does your English improve these days?
---Because I work hard and get some help from my classmates.
A. change B. increase C. get better
6.---Tim scored in the football match.
---But we lost the match finally.
A. lost a goal B. won a goal C. got a prize
7.---Among so many pictures, it’s difficult for me to decide on the best one.
---You can ask us for some advice.
A. need B. choose C. make
8.---We need to have some basic ideas for the plan.
---OK. We can have a talk later.
A. interesting B. unimportant C. necessary
9.An _______ is a person who performs on the stage, on TV or in films, especially as a profession.
A. actor B. engineer C. artist
10.If two people did something ____________, they didn’t do it together.
A. carefully B. separately C. suddenly
11.A _______ is a series of drawings inside the boxes that tell a story and are often printed in
newspaper.
A. paper cutting B. video camera C. comic strip
12.---After hearing the bad news, her eyes ____________.
---Yes. She must be very surprised.
A. make it B. set off C. pop out
13.---What’s tomorrow’s weather like?
---You can watch the ____________ on TV in 10 minutes.
A. talk show B. newspaper C. weather forecast
14.---Don’t forget to take a _________ with you when swimming or it may be dangerous.
---No, I won’t.
A. life jacket B. video camera C. coat
15.---Have you found your new iPhone?
---________! My friend picked it up in the playground.
A. Thank goodness B. Good luck C. Thank you
二、用所给词的适当形式填空或恰当的介词填空。
1.There was no special (warn) before the earthquake.?
2.It’s the (think) that counts.?
3.Here is a (detail) list of the books I have read.?
4.The tape has (record) his voice.?
5.Jackie chan is a famous (act) in China.?
6.A number people were invited to my party.?
7.This bottle is full water.?
8.It will cost you $750 total.?
9.The party ended a song and everyone sang it together.?
10.We should never laugh those students who are poor at studying.?
三、完成句子。
1.我的妹妹喜欢看各种各样的连环漫画。
My sister likes to watch all kinds of .
2.当我看见这个东西时，我的眼睛不自觉地就睁大了。
When I saw the thing, my eyes and I didn’t realize it．?
3.在生日晚会上，妈妈送了我一个摄像机当做我的生日礼物。
My mother gave me a as my birthday gift at my birthday party.
4.听完他说的话后，我脑海中呈现出了许多思想泡。?
After hearing what he said, I had many in my mind．
5.点击 “OK” 键，然后你可以看见一个对话框出现。
Click “OK” and then you will see a appear.
四、课文语法填空。
Jason is learning how to make cartoons. He has found some information in (1) ____ magazine.
First, you need (2) ________ (decide) on some basic ideas for a story. In the (3) _______ (two) stage, think about the kinds of characters you want and (4) ___________ they will look like. Then make a rough sketch of the story. Next, use a computer to draw detailed pictures and add color. To make the characters and things come to life, each picture should (5) ___________ (make) a little different from the one before it. In the next stage, a computer program is used to put the picture together as a film. (6) ___________ (Final), record the voice and sound effects. The actors will do the (7) ___________ (character) voice. Their speech must go (8) ___________ the picture. Sound effects like the noise of the underground must also be added (9) ___________ (separate). After everything has been checked, the cartoon is ready (10) ___________ (play) for everyone to enjoy.
【重点语法】
??? 被动语态
（一）含有情态动词的被动语态（The passive voice with modal verbs）
（二）现在完成时的被动语态（The passive voice in the present perfect tense）
★ 同步训练
一、句型转换。
1.It can be enjoyed by everyone. (改为主动句)
______________________________________________________
2.The cartoon characters have been drawn carefully by the artists. (改为主动句)
______________________________________________________
3.I’ve added the nose and big glasses. (改为被动句)
______________________________________________________
4.I’ve drawn a rough circle. (改为被动句)
______________________________________________________
5.I can play football. (改为被动句)
______________________________________________________
6.He had asked me the question before you came. (改为被动句)
______________________________________________________
7.The detective was waiting for the thieves at the airport all the morning. (改为被动句)
______________________________________________________
8.A lot of people in the world use English. (改为被动句)
______________________________________________________
9.My brother gave me a pen. (改为被动句)
______________________________________________________
10.We will take good care of the baby. (改为被动句)
______________________________________________________
二、单项选择。
1.The telephone ____ by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
A. was invented B. has been invented C. is invented D. will be invented
2.Every time when you leave the classroom, please make sure the door ____.
A. is locked B. was locked C. will be locked D. should be locked
3.---What should we do if we want to develop our city?
--- A lot of new roads____, I think.
A. must be built B. have to build C. must build D. have built
4.Some famous painting ____ in the hall next month.
A. will show B. were shown C. is shown D. will be shown
5.The little boy was often seen ____ by the lake.
A. to draw B. to drawing C. draw D. drew
6.I’m sorry you can’t go in now. The room ____ yet.
A. hasn’t been cleaned B. hasn’t cleaned
C. isn’t been cleaned D. isn’t being cleaned
7.---Must we clean the classroom now?
---No, you ____. It ____ after school.
A. needn’t; must be cleaned B. mustn’t; needn’t be cleaned
C. needn’t; can be cleaned D. mustn’t; can clean
8.This book is very interesting. It is well worth ____.
A. reading B. to read C. being read D. be read
9.--- I know Mr. White is very angry with me. What did he say?
--- He said you ____ away if you were late again.
A. are sending B. has been sent C. were going to send D. would be sent
10.Rain forests ____and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.
A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut
三、用所给动词的适当时态和语态填空。
1.今天下午有一个演讲。
A speech will _______ (give)this afternoon.
2.杯子被那个男孩打碎了。
The cup_______ (break) by the boy.
3.世界上的许多人都说英语。
English _______ (speak) by lots of people in the world.
4.学生们每天都打扫教室。
The classroom _______ (clean) by the students every day.
5.我认为将有数千人得到帮助。
I thought thousands of people _______ (help).
6.到现在为止，已经种了二百棵树了。
Two hundred trees _______ (plant) by now.
7.这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。
The book _______ (read) many times by me.
8.这座桥是去年建造的。
The bridge _____ (build) last year.
9.房间还没有打扫。
The room _____ (clean) yet.
10.老虎被他杀死了。
The tiger _____ (kill) by him.
11.窗户被风吹开了。
The window _____ (blow) by wind.
备选题。
1.I think much attention _______ your pronunciation.
A. must be paid B. ought to paid to C. must pay to D. should be paid to
2.The composition _______ any more.
A. need not to be corrected B. doesn’t need to be corrected
C. doesn’t need be corrected D. need not correct
3.He cleaned the glasses carefully for fear that it _______.
A. was damaged B. should be damaged C. damaged D. would be damaged
4.When water _______, it will be changed into vapour.
A. is heated B. heating C. has heated D. heats
5.We can’t enter the room because its door ______.
A. locked B. locks C. is locked D. is locking
6.They ______ day and night.
A. are made work B. are made to work
C. made to be worked D. are making to work
7.Man-made satellites ______ into space by many countries.
A. was sent up B. is sent up C. have been sent up D. has been sent up
8.This English song ______ often ______ by the children.
A. is; singing B. is; sung C. will; sing D. was; sung
9.Mary’s radio______ by my brother just now.
A. will be mended B. has mended C. was mended D. mended
10.A new English play ______ there next week.
A. will put on B. will be put on C. is going to put on D. will be putted on
11.---Excuse me, what’s this for?
---It’s cleaner and it _____ to pick up dirt.
A. uses B. is used C. is using D. used
12.The new library building _____ last week.
A. was completed B. is completed C. completed D. has completed
13.Great changes _____ in my hometown since 1980.
A. have been taken place B. took place C. have taken place D. were taken place
14.Water _____ into ice.
A. will changed B. must be changed C. should change D. can be changed
15.Miss Chen _____just _____ to speak at the meeting.
A. has; been asked B. has been; asked C. have been; asked D. have; been asked
16.Meat _____ out in this shop. We can _____ now.
A. have been sold; get anything B. has been sold; get nothing
C. has been sold; get some D. have been sold; get some
17._____ the job _____ by Lucy or by John? Tell me the truth, please.
A. Has; finished B. Has; being finished C. Is; finish D. Has; been finished
18.I’ll have to push the car to the side of the road because we _____ if we leave it here.
A. would be fined B. will be fined C. will being fined D. will have been fined
19.“_____ two tickets for the new play at the Grand Theatre on Saturday. Shall we go and see it together?” he said.
A. They have been given B. I have been given
C. I am given D. They have given to me
20.The subject of these lectures _____ by the lecture committee.
A. is announcing B. have been announced
C. are announced D. has been announced
【综合题型】
一、完型填空。
An old man lived in a nice house with a large garden. He took care of his 1 all the time, watering and fertilizing（施肥）them.
One day a young man went by the 2 . He looked at the beautiful flowers, imagining how happy he could be if he lived in such a beautiful place. Then, suddenly he found the old gardener was 3 . He was very surprised about this and asked, ＂You can’t see these flowers. Why are you busy taking care of them every day?＂
The old man smiled and said,＂ I can tell you four 4 . First, I was a gardener when I was young, and I really like this job. 5 , although I can’t see these flowers, I can touch them. Third, I can smell the sweetness of them. As to the last one, that’s 6 .＂
＂Me? But you don’t know me,＂ said the young man.
＂Yeah, it’s 7 that I don’t know you. But I know that flowers are angels that everybody knows. We enjoy the happiness these flowers have brought us.＂
The blind man’s work opened our eyes and 8 our hearts, which also made his life happier. It was just like Beethoven, who became deaf in his later life and wrote many great musical works. Beethoven himself couldn’t 9 his wonderful music, but his music has 10 millions of people to face their difficulties bravely. Isn’t it one kind of happiness?
( )1. A. flowers B. trees C. vegetables
( )2. A. study B. garden C. kitchen
( )3. A. blind B. famous C. smart
( )4. A. stories B. reasons C. excuses 源:学科网ZXXK]
( )5. A. And B. But C. Second
( )6. A. me B. you C. my mother 源:学科网]
( )7. A. true B. hard C. cool
( )8. A. broke B. hurt C. pleased 学科网ZXXK]
( )9. A. write B. hear C. play 来源:Z。xx。k.Com]
( )10. A. changed B. discovered C. encouraged
二、阅读理解。
A
This is a talk by a London taxi(出租车)driver.
"I've been a taxi driver for nearly ten years. Most London taxi drivers have their own taxis."
"It's a nice job most of time. you meet a lot of people. I always work at night, because there is too much traffic during the day. I live twenty miles(英里)outside London and I go to work at 5:30 in the afternoon."
"I usually go home between 2 and 3 in the morning."
"Some very strange things happened late at night .The other day I was taking a woman home from a party .She had her little dog with her. When we got to her house, she found that she had lost her key. So I waited in the car with the dog while she climbed in through the windows."
"I waited and waited. After half an hour of ringing the bell I decided to find out what was going on. I tied the dog to a tree and started to climb in through the window. The next thing I knew was that the police came. They thought I was a thief(小偷).
Luckily the woman came downstairs(下楼).She must have gone to sleep and forgotten about me and the dog!"
( )1.The driver always worked at night because it was easier to _____.
A. drive B. make money
C. climb in through the window D. meet a lot of people
( )2.The woman climbed in through the window because _____.
A. she wanted to have a sleep
B. her husband didn't open the door for her
C. she didn't want to pay the driver
D. she couldn't find her key
( )3.The story happened _____.
A. early in the morning B. late at night
C.20 miles outside London D. near the police station
( )4.Which of the following is wrong?
A. The driver worked until between 2 and 3 in the morning.
B. The police made a mistake.
C. The woman had no money to pay the driver.
D. The woman had forgotten about the driver and the dog.
( )5.The driver climbed in through the window to
A. get money from the woman
B. return the dog to the woman
C. see what was happening in the house
D. phone the police
ADBCC
B
There are fifty states in the United States. The largest in population is California, the largest in area is Alaska. Alaska is the smallest in population and Rhode Island is the smallest in size. The oldest states are the ones along the Atlantic coast. The newest states are Alaska and Hawaii. Alaska is also the coldest state. California and Florida are the warmer. Henry and his family live in Seattle, a big city, on the Pacific coast. But Los Angeles and San Francisco, also on the Pacific coast, are larger than Seattle. Henry's cousin, Susan, lives in New York. It is the largest city in the United States. Thousands of people visit New York each year. The most important city in the United States is Washington, D. C. It is the capital, but it is much smaller than New York.
( )1. How many states are there in the U. S. A.?
A. Five B. Forty- Five. C. Fifty D. Fifteen.
( )2. Which state is the largest in population?
A. California. B. Rhode-Island. C. Alaska D. Los Angeles.
( )3. Which state is the oldest, the newest, and the smallest in population?
A. Rhode Island. B. Seattle. C. San Francisco. D. Alaska.
( )4. Which of the following is true?
A. The oldest states are the ones along the Pacific coast.
B. Washington is the most important and the largest city.
C. New York is the largest city in the United States.
D. Henry's cousin lives in the Seattle.
( )5. Why is Washington, D. C. the most important American city?
Because _________.
A. it is the largest city B. it is the largest in population
C. it is the most beautiful city D. it is the capital of the United States
C A D C D
三、作文。
请你根据下面的提示为写一篇介绍如何制作海报的短文。
提示：
1.确定英语手抄报的主题;
2.查找相应的资料和图片;
3.画出草图;
4.添加准备好的内容和图片并为图片上色。
要求：
1.条理清晰，意思连贯，语句通顺，标点正确，逻辑严谨；
2.80词左右，可适当拓展。
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Unit 5 Save the endangered animals
【重点单词短语】
1.giant adj. = extremely big 巨大的
Eg: We saw a giant tortoise near the sea.
【辨析】big, large, huge, giant, heave, strong的区别
（1）big多用于具体的、有形的人或物，反义词多为little/ small
My schoolbag is big enough to hold all the books.
（2）large常指面积、范围，可表示数和量，反义词为small
Our playground is very large.
（3）huge指体积的巨大或超过标准的巨大，有“very large”的意思
Let’s move the huge stone away.
（4）giant形容超强的，庞大的
They wanted to pull the giant horse into the city.
（5）heavy指雨大
He was late because of the heavy rain.
（6）strong指风（wind）、地震（earthquake）大
A strong wind blew off my hat.
2.wild n.自然环境；野生状态
Eg: How many pandas still live in the wild?
【拓展】wild adj. 野生的；不驯服的 wilderness n. 荒无人烟的地方
We went camping in the beautiful wilderness of West Virginia.
3.endangered adj.濒危的
Eg: Many animals have become endangered species.
【拓展】endanger v.危机；使遭危害 danger n.危险 dangerous adj.危险的
You’ll endanger your health if you work so hard.
The patient’s life is in danger.
It’s dangerous to go too near the edge of the cliff.
4.weight n.重量
Eg: What’s the weight of the panda?
【拓展】weightless adj.失重的 weigh v.称重
We’re weightless when we’re in space.
Have you weighed yourself recently?
5.population n. 族群；人口
Eg: What’s the population of Shenzhen?
【拓展】population是一个集合名词，所以有时候容易用错。
（1）population常与定冠词the连用，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
The world’s population is increasing faster and faster.
（2）有时population可用作可数名词，前可用不定冠词修饰。
China has a population of about 1.3 billion.
（3）表示人口的多少，用large或small修饰。
India has a large population.
（4）询问具体人扣数时，用“What…?”
What’s the population of Canada?
6.behaviour n.行为；举止
Eg: I hate violent behaviour.
【拓展】behave v.表现
【搭配】①behave well 表现好；举止得体
The boy behaves well in the class.
②behave oneself 使举止规矩
Sit quietly and behave yourself.
7.birth n.出生；诞生
Eg: Its weight at birth is about 200 grams.
【搭配】give birth to 出生；生育
She gave birth to a fine healthy baby.
【拓展】born v. bear的过去分词 adj. 出生的；天生的
She was born in London.
Jack was a born teacher.
8.central adj.在中间的；中央的
Eg: She lives in a city in central Asia.
【拓展】center n. 中间；中央
9.cruel adj. 对……残忍的
Eg: It is cruel of them to do so.
【搭配】be cruel to 对……残忍
Don’t be cruel to animals.
【拓展】cruelty n.残忍
We’ll never forget the cruelty of war.
10.face v. 面对；面临
Eg: What dangers do they face?
【拓展】face n.脸部
【搭配】make faces 做鬼脸 face to face 面对面 lose one’s face 丢脸
Don’t be afraid of losing your face if you want to learn English well.
11.organization n.组织；机构
Eg: Which organization arranged the trip?
【拓展】organize v.组织起来
In the end, we all decided to organize a concert for Easter.
12.Asia n.亚洲
Eg: China is a developing country in Asia.
【拓展】
Asia 亚洲 Asian 亚洲的
Europe欧洲 European欧洲的
Africa非洲 African非洲的
Australia澳洲 Australian澳洲的
North America 北美洲 North American 北美的
South America 南美洲 South American 南美的
Antarctica 南极洲 Antarctic南极洲的
★ 同步训练
一、选择题。
1.---The man keeps his dog in a small cage and give little food to it.
---He shouldn’t be so cruel to his dog.
A. serious B. friendly C. unkind
2.---I don’t want to go to the movies on my own. Shall we go together?
---I’d love to, but I have much homework to do.
A. in my opinion B. in a way C. by myself
3.---What are good students?
---Good students should have good behaviors first.
A. ways or acts towards other people B. words C. languages
4.---What does a giant panda look like？
---It is a kind of bear with white face.
A. healthy B. very big C. small
5.---Where is the new table？
---It is in the central part of this room.
A. left B. right C. middle
6.---What’s the population of your hometown？
---It’s over twenty thousand.
A. total weight of people B. total number of people C. total height of people
7.---I can’t believe it! The lady is close to 60 years old.
---Really？But she looks so young.
A. over B. less than C. nearly
8.---How much does a baby panda weigh at birth？
---About 100~200 grams.
A. when it is born B. when it grows up C. when it sleeps
9.An _______ refers to a fully grown person.
A. actor B. artist C. adult
10.The _______ is a natural environment that is not controlled by people.
A. bamboo B. behavior C. wild
11.Your _______ are between your neck and the tops of your arms．
A. shoulders B. feet C. ears
12.---Can I have the _______ please? I want to order some dishes.
---Sure. Here you are.
A. file B. menu C. fur
13.---Nowadays, many people kill animals just for their _______.
---Yes. This makes animals lose their lives.
A. fur B. weight C. behaviour
14.---What do you often do at the weekend?
---I join a voluntary _______ and I help some children in the hospital.
A. communication B. organization C. education
15.---How is his study?
---He always finishes all his work _______ on time.
A. by his own B. on his own C. for himself
二、根据句意或所给的提示词填入适当的词。
1.Cindy has enough courage (face) the coming challenge.
2.This environmental (organize) helps save the endangered animals.
3.Both China and Japan are (Asia) countries.?
4.Listening to music can make me feel (relax).
5.The secretary has a lot of (file) to deal with every day.
6.Some animals protect each other when they face (dangerous)．
7.Mary enjoys (sing) in public.?
8.You need (call) your mother and tell her your plan.
9.Tom sent a card to his mother (show) his love for her.
10.Don’t believe his words. He is always good at (tell) lies.
三、完成句子。
1.该是我们拯救那些处于危险中的动物的时候了。?
It is time for us to save the animals .?
2.许多国家已经建立了自然保护区来保护濒危动物。?
Many countries have set up nature reserves to protect .?
3.她生了一个健康的婴儿。?
She a healthy baby.?
4.他们这样做是很残忍的。?
It is of them so.
5.它们有3000只在野生环境中。?
There are 3,000 of them .
四、课文语法填空。
There are about 1,600 giant pandas in the wild. A giant panda is (1) ___________ kind of bear. It has a white face (2) ___________ black patches around its eyes. It also has black ears, shoulders and legs. The rest of its body is while.
Pandas live high up in the mountains of Central and (3) ___________ (west) China. They live in the bamboo forests there. In the wild, they (4) ___________ (usual) eat bamboo while in zoos; they have bamboo, apples and carrots. Panda like to live on their own. They need to eat a lot to stay (5) ___________ (health), so they spend over 12 hours a day eating. To our surprise, it is not difficult (6) ___________ them to climb trees. They are strong enough to protect (7) ___________ (they). Pandas live for about 20 years in the wild, but in zoos they can live for up to 35 years.
People are cutting down forest, so the pandas (8) ___________ (lose) their homes. Some people are killing them their fur. It is cruel of them (9) ___________ (do) so. There are mot many pandas in the world now. They must (10) ___________ (protect) well.
【重点语法】
??? It is + adj. 句型
1.It is adj. for n. / pron.（名词或代词）to do sth.
=To do sth. is + adj. + for + n./ pron. 做某事对某人…。这里形容词用来描述事物。
常见的此类形容词有dangerous, hard, important, impossible, convenient等。
It’s difficult to fall asleep.
= To fall asleep is difficult.
It’s impossible to find the lost boy.
= To find the lost boy is impossible.
It’s important to speak English as much as possible.
= To speak English as much as possible is important.
2.It is adj. of n./ pron.（名词或代词） to do sth.
= n./ pron. be adj. to do sth. 做某事对于某人…这里形容词用来描述不定式行为者的品质、特点等。
常见的此类形容词有nice, kind, polite, rude, clever, good, foolish等。
It’s kind of you to help me.
= You are kind to help me.
It’s foolish of you to believe him.
= You are foolish to believe him.
【拓展】for和of的辨别方法。
（1）当句中的形容词用来说明人的性格或品质时，用of。
It’s very clever of you to go with us.
=You are very clever to go with us. 你和我们一起去真聪明。
（2）当句中的形容词用来说明不定式时，用for。
It’s very important for us to learn English.
=To learn English is very important for us.
思考：有没有更简单的方法来区分？
3.n. / pron. be adj. enough to do sth.
The boy is tall enough to reach the book on the shelf.
The towel is soft enough not to damage my skin.
★ 同步训练
一、选择题。
( )1.It’s clever ________ you ________ so many toy ships.?
A. of; making B. of; to make C. for; to make
( )2．_______ careless of you to make lots of mistakes.?
A. That’s B. It’s C. It ?
( )3.It’s very nice _______ you to get me two tickets _______ the World Cup.?
A. for; of B. of; on C. of; for
( )4.It’s important _______ the piano well.?
A. of him to play B. for him to play C. of him playing ?
( )5.It is not _______ you to learn three languages at the same time.?
A. difficult of B. difficult to C. easy for
( )6.He isn’t _______ to go to school. ?
A. old enough B. enough old C. big enough ?
( )7.He wasn’t _______ with his knife. ?
A. careful enough B. enough careful C. carefully enough
( )8.The young man is not _______ the box. ?
A. enough strong to carry
B. strong enough carrying
C. strong enough to carry
( )9.The water isn’t warm enough for the children _______. ?
A. to swim B. to swimming C. to swim in ?
( )10.I find _______hard to learn English well.?
A. this B. it C. that
二、用单词的适当形式填空。?
1.It is very (kind) to laugh at disabled people.?
2.Pandas spend more than twelve hours (eat) every day.?
3.It has a white face with black (patch) around its eyes.?
4.It is (care) of Helen to lose her camera in the zoo.
5.I am tired enough to fall (sleep) right now.?
6.The WWF is an important (environment) organization. ?
7.It is wrong to buy products (make) from endangered animals.?
8.Koalas eat grass and (leaf).
9.It is (danger) to run the red lights.?
10.A bird went (miss) in the nature reserve.
【综合题型】
一、完型填空。
There were once eight kinds of 1 in the world，but three died out during the 20th century. In the last 70 years，the 2 of Siberian tigers （东北虎） has gone from as many as 300 to 3 22 somewhere. The Siberian tiger has been 4 dying out completely. If the government doesn’t make any efforts，it’s quite 5 that there will be no more Siberian tigers in China in ten to twenty years.
In order to double the number of wild tigers in the 6 ten years，the World Wildlife Fund （世界自然基金会） has started a program recently. It 7 save wild tigers and put an end to tiger hunting and killing. China，together with twelve other 8 ，has joined in.
Wild animals，such as red deer and wild pigs，are the main 9 of the tigers. The hunting of these animals is the greatest threat （威胁） to tigers. So the most important thing is 10 the animals that tigers eat. To protect the wild tigers，we need to call on more people to stop eating and hunting wild animals.
( )1. A. pigs B. tigers C. deer D. dogs
( )2. A. name B. kind C. number D. size
( )3. A. less than B. more than C. bigger than D. larger than
( )4. A. in need of B. in danger of
C. in front of D. in the middle of
( )5. A. possible B. impossible C. necessary D. important
( )6. A. last B. next C. past D. first
( )7. A. aims to B. used to C. refuses to D. likes to
( )8. A. cities B. provinces C. countries D. villages
( )9. A. friends B. food C. members D. children
( )10. A. to sell B. to kill C. to save D. to buy
二、阅读理解。
A
1970 was World Conservation（保护）Year. The United Nations wanted everyone to know that the world was in danger. They hoped something could be done.
Here is one example of the problem. At one time there were 1,300 kinds of plants, trees and flowers in Holland（荷兰）,but now only 866 are left. The others have been destroyed（毁灭）by modern people and their science. We are polluting earth, air, water and everything around us. We can’t live without these things. If things go on like this, we shall destroy ourselves.
What will happen in the future? Perhaps it’s more important to ask “What must we do?” More and more young people have known this. Many of them are helping to save our earth. For example, they plant trees. In a small town in the United States a large group of girls cleaned the banks of 11 kilometres of their river. Young people may hear about conversation through a song called “No one’s going to change our world”. It was made by Cliff Gichard and other singers. The money from it will help to conserve tigers, elephants and pandas on the earth.
( )1.The United Nations hoped something could be done .
A. to conserve the world B. to change the world
C. to develop the world D. to destroy the world
( )2.Why aren’t there so many plants, trees and flowers in Holland now ?
A. Because people there didn’t need so many plants, trees and flowers.
B. Because people there want to destroy themselves
C. Because little conservation has been done there
D. Because people need more land to live on
( )3.How many kinds of plants, trees and flowers have been destroyed in Holland?
A. 1300 B.2166 C.866 D.434
( )4.We shall destroy ourselves if we go on .
A. Planting trees and flowers B. polluting earth, air and water around us
C. saving the world D. helping to conserve tigers, elephants and pandas
( )5.What must we do now according to the passage?
A. Save the world B. Clean the banks of the rivers
C. Sing songs D. Get money
B
A young man from a village called Nawalapitiya married a young woman from Maiyuwa, a small village. They lived with the man’s big family－his parents, his brothers, their wives and children. The family kept an elephant, in which the woman soon took a great interest. Every day she fed it with fruit and sugar.
Three months later, having quarreled with her husband, the woman went back to her parents’ home. Soon the elephant refused to eat and work. It appeared to be ill and heartbroken. One morning after several weeks the animal disappeared from the house.
It went to the woman’s home. On seeing her, the elephant waved its trunk and touched her with it. The young woman was so moved by the act of the animal. So she went back to her husband’s home.
( )1.The woman left her new home ______.
A. to visit her own parents in Maiyuwa
B. to see if the elephant would follow her
C. because she was angry with her husband
D. because she was tired of the large family
( )2.The word “disappeared” in the reading means “______”.
A. ran away B. lost C. hid D. died
( )3.After the young woman left her husband’s home, the elephant______.
A. returned to the forest B. was sad because it missed her
C. went to look for a new home D. was sick because nobody fed it
( )4.How did the elephant express its feeling when it saw the young woman?
A. It waved its trunk and smiled. B. It touched her with its trunk.
C. It touched her and cried. D. It waved its trunk and ran around her.
( )5.The writer wrote the story in order to______.
A. show that elephants are very clever
B. tell how a woman trained a wild animal
C. show that women care more for animals than men do
D. tell how an animal got a husband and a wife together again
C
One day a man saw an old lady standing by her expensive car, clearly in need of help. So he stopped his old truck and got out. Although he was smiling, the old lady was worried. Was he going to hurt her? He didn’t look safe.
The man could see that she was frightened, so in his friendliest voice he said, “I’m here to help you, madam. Why don’t you wait in the car where it’s warm? By the way, my name is Bryan Anderson.” Bryan quickly fixed the car and the lady thanked him. Then she asked how much she should pay him.
But Bryan wanted no money. He was just giving a hand to someone in trouble. This was normal for him. He said, “If you really want to repay me, next time you see someone in need, help them and think of me.”
After saying goodbye, the lady continued down the road until she reached a small café where she decided to stop for something to eat. As the pretty waitress took her order, the lady noticed she was nearly eight months pregnant （怀孕的）. Although the waitress looked tired she was very kind. As the lady was going to pay the ＄10 bill she remembered Bryan’s words.
She paid with a hundred-dollar bill. But when the waitress returned with the change the lady was gone. On the table she saw a small note. There were tears in her eyes when she read it: “Somebody once helped me the way I’m helping you. If you want to pay me back, continue being kind to others.” Under the note were nine more ＄100 bills.
Was the old lady an angel? The waitress was so excited that she called her husband to tell him the news. “Bryan...Bryan Anderson my dear...you’re not going to believe what just happened...”
( )1.When the lady saw Bryan, she was worried because she thought .
A. he may hurt her
B. he wasn’t going to stop
C. he couldn’t help her
D. she didn’t have enough money
( )2.What can we learn about the old lady from the story?
A. She was never kind to others.
B. She was usually quite careless.
C. She was probably very rich.
D. She was not a very good driver.
( )3.The underlined expression “giving a hand to” (Paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to
“ ”.
A. questioning B. helping C. hurting D. calling
( )4.The underlined word “it”(Paragraph 5) refers to “ ”.
A. the change B. the bill C. the note D. the order
( )5.Which of the following shows the relationship between the man and the waitress?
A. Strangers. B. Friends.
C. The father and the daughter. D. A couple.
三、作文。
假如你是Animal Lovers这个社团的一员，请以“I’m a member of Animal Lovers”为题写一篇短文，谈谈你的经历、感受等。要求：不少于80词。
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Unit 6 Pets
【重点单词短语】
1. respond ① v. (口头或书面)回答；回应 ② n. 答复，反应
第三人称单数: 过去式:
过去分词: 现在分词:
Eg: I asked him his name, but he didn’t respond.
【搭配】 respond to 回复，答复
翻译：她从来没给我回过信。
__________________________________________.
2. complaint n. 投诉，抱怨 ---__________________ v. 抱怨，埋怨
【搭配】complain about因为…抱怨
Eg: The most ______________ _______________ is about poor service.
最常见的投诉与服务差有关。
The man ______________ _______________ ___________the air pollution.
这个人不停地在抱怨空气污染。
3.cause v.造成，引起
Eg: The bad weather has caused problems for many farmers.
【搭配】cause sb. / sth. to do sth. 导致…做某事
The drought _____________ the plants ____________ _____________.
干旱导致植物死亡。
【拓展】 cause n. 起因；理由
What was the cause of the car accident?
【辨析】 cause/ excuse
cause表示某事发生的原因
excuse可以是真实的，也可以是杜撰的，是对自己行为的辩解，辩护等。带贬义，有借口之意。
【小试牛刀】
What’s your _____________ for being late this time?
Smoking is one of the biggest ______________ of death and disease.
4.reason n. 原因；理由 adj.合理的；公平的；有理由的
Eg: I’d like to know the reason why you’re so late.
【拓展】reason for …..的理由 for this reason 为此
There is a reason for every important thing that happens.
翻译：对其他人说谎合理吗？
__________________________________________.
5. responsibility n.责任 responsible adj. 尽责的；承担责任的
【拓展】be responsible for 对…..负责
have/take the responsibility to do 有/承担责任做某事
他们有责任查明事故的原因。
It is their ________________ to find out the __________of the accident.
迈克负责组织这次活动。
Mike is _______________ _____________ _______________ this activity.
6. feed v. 给（人或动物）食物；喂养
过去式____________ 过去分词____________
Eg: Have you ___________ the cat yet?
【拓展】feed on 以….为主食；用…..喂养
be fed up with 讨厌；厌烦
猫以鱼为主食。
________________________________________________.
7. faithfully adv. 忠实地；忠诚地
【拓展】n. _______________ 信任；信念；信心 adj. _______________ 忠诚的；诚实的
Eg: She promised faithfully not to tell anyone my secret.
【搭配】be faithful to 对…..忠诚
一个战士要对国家忠诚。
________________________________________________.
8. noisy adj.吵闹的 noise n. 噪音
Eg: When you are in public places, don’t be noisy.
【辨析】noise/ voice/ sound
sound指任何声音，不论其高低、是否悦耳。
noise表示“噪音、喧闹”，指的是人们不愿听到的声音或嘈杂声。
voice用于人时，指说话、唱歌或发笑的声音，也可指发言权。
用sound，noise或voice的适当形式填空。
Light travels faster than _______.
He called out in a loud _________.
Try not to make a ______ when you go upstairs.
Jack's got a cold, and he's lost his _______.
9.choice n.选择，抉择 choose v. (过去式: 过去分词: )
have no choice but to do sth. 除了... 别无选择
Eg: They have no choice but to keep their dogs in small spaces.
他没有办法，只好跟他们走。
_____________________________________________
【拓展】choose to do sth. 选择做某事
We chose to go by train.
choose from 从···中挑选
You can choose from those books.
10. lie v.躺；位于；撒谎 n.谎话
a white lie 善意的谎言
【辨析】
中文 原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 说明
放；下蛋 lay laid laid laying 及物动词
躺，位于 lie lay lain lying 不及物动词
说谎 lie lied lied lying 不及物动词
一言辩异：A?rooster?lying?on?the?ground?lied?that?he?laid?an?egg?yesterday.?
一只躺在地上的老公鸡撒谎说他昨天下了一个蛋。
Eg: Don’t?lie?in?bed?all?morning.?
Will?you?please?lay?the?table?for?dinner??
I’m?sorry?I?lied?to?you.?
【小试牛刀】
He felt tired, so he went and ___________ down for a rest.
He ____________ his hands on my shoulder.
He wasn't telling the truth. He was ______________.
11.believe v.相信 belief n. 信念，信任，信仰
Eg: I don’t believe that he can run fastest in our class.
Nothing will shake her belief in ghosts in the house.
【搭配】believe in 信仰，信任
I don’t believe in what he said about the accident.
12. until conj. 到…时，直到…为止
【搭配】not …until… 直到…才…
(1) until用于肯定句表示“直到…为止”，其前的谓语动词须用延续性动词。
I waited for my mother until 11 p.m.
(2) until用于否定句表示“直到…才”，其前的谓语动词多用瞬间性动词；
I didn’t go to bed until 11 p.m.
13.attention un.注意力；留心
Eg: Dogs need a lot of attention.
【搭配】pay attention to (doing) sth. 注意(做)某事
Please pay attention to what I say.
★ 同步训练
一、选择题。
1.---Will you talk with a stranger on the street??
---No, I won’t.?
A. someone you wait for
B. someone you don’t like
C. someone you don’t know
2.---It’s our responsibility to protect the environment．What can we do to protect it？?
---We can do it by planting more trees.?
A. time B. aim C. duty
3.---How often do I need to feed the birds? ---Once a day.?
A. have a look at B. look for C. give food to
4.---She is so smart that she can learn quickly.?
---What’s more, she works harder than all of us.?
A. More luckily B. More suddenly C. More importantly ?
5.---What’s the reason for your being late again??
---Sorry, I got up late. It caused me to miss the bus.?
A. excuse B. responsibility C. complaint
6.---The snowy weather caused many problems for the passengers.?
---What terrible weather it was！
A. produced B. stopped C. needed ?
7.---What do you think of sunglasses？?
---Wearing a pair of sunglasses can keep your eyes from being hurt.?
A. make…begin B. stop…from C. make…finish ?
8.---It’s common for people to have a car in a family in China now. ---That’s true.?
A. good B. usual C. special
9.A _______ means that there are several things and you can choose the one you want．?
A. message B. character C. choice
10.If a person is _______, he or she makes a lot of noise.
A. quiet B. noisy C. cute
11.When you _______ somebody, you feel certain that he or she tells you the truth.?
A. record B. weigh C. believe
12.---Some children are so lazy that they do nothing all day but _______.?
---That is a great problem for parents.?
A. keep quiet B. go sightseeing C. lie around
13.---Can you tell me how to care for the fish??
---Sure. First, feed it every day. Second, change the water every week. If not, the fish will _______ serious illnesses. ?
A. die of B. die from C. put off
14.---Tom, why do you keep a dog as your pet? ---Because it will _______ me forever.?
A. be interested in B. be faithful to C. be full of
15.---Dogs need fresh air and large open spaces where they can _______.?
---However, they are usually kept in small spaces and don’t have many chances to do that.?
A. lie around B. keep on C. run free
二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式完成句子。
1.The bus driver is (responsibility) for the passengers’ safety.?
2.Don’t worry. There are mountains of (choose) for you in the big supermarket.?
3. (keep) a pet is a tiring job for me.
4.Your explanation sounds (reason), therefore, I accept your apology.?
5.She was (faith) to her career all her life.?
6.My grandmother is (near) one hundred years old now.?
7.Jim’s brother is (lie) in bed, reading a storybook.?
8.They’ve received a number of (complain) from customers about their poor
service.
9.There are many (sofa) here. ?
10.The woman kept (complain) about the noise from her neighborhood last night.?三、完成句子。
1.大卫认为做家务是全家人的责任。?
David thinks is the responsibility of the whole family.
2.他不得不用牛奶喂他的婴儿。?
He has to his baby milk.?
3.这位妇女抱怨这里的噪音。?
The woman the noise. ?
4.狗将会多年忠诚地爱着你并且给你带来快乐。?
A dog will love you and bring you lots of happiness for many years.?
5.他们对这则消息有什么反应？?
How did they he news？
四、课文语法填空。
Is it a good idea to keep pet dogs? Emma and Matt give their opinions on this matter.
Emma thinks keeping pet dogs is a good idea. First, dogs are really cute. It’s nice to hold (1) ___________ in our arms, and it’s (2) ___________ (wonder) to see them grow up. Second, we can learn (3) ___________ (responsible) from keeping dogs. We have to feed them and play (4) ___________them. This helps us become more responsible people. Yong people can learn how (5) ___________ (care) for others by doing so. A dog will love you faithfully and bring you lots of (6) ___________ (happy) for many years.
Matt thinks it’s not a good idea to keep pet dogs. Pet dogs leave their hair on the floor, on beds and on sofas, and they need to (7) ___________ (wash) often. Besides, dogs are (8) ___________ (noise). Nearly all dogs bark at strangers. Some dogs even bark loudly all night. This stops people from (9) ___________ (get) any sleep. Also, not all dogs are friendly. A small number of pet dogs even attract people. What’s more, it’s common for people to live in flats. They have no choice but to keep their dogs in small spaces. However, dogs need fresh air and large open spaces where they can run free. (10) ___________ (Final), owning dogs can cost much.
【重点语法】
???形容词和副词
(一)形容词
1.形容词的位置
形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况中后置：
①修饰some，any，every，no和body，thing，one等构成的复合不定代词时
someone special，everything possible
②以-able，-ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后
the best book available，the only solution possible
③alive，alike，awake，asleep等可以后置 the only person awake
表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词 a bridge of 50 meters long
形容词短语一般后置 a man difficult to get on with
else修饰疑问词和不定代词时 what else，something else
2.有些形容词只能作定语。如：
little (小的)，only (唯一的)，wooden (木质的)，elder (年长的)，等及复合形容词man-made (人造的)，kind-hearted (好心的)，English-speaking (说英语的)，take-away (可以带走的)等。
3.有些形容词只能作表语。如：
alone (孤独的)，asleep (睡着的)，awake (醒着的)，alive (活着的)，well (健康的)，ill (病的)，frightened (害怕的)等。
4.有些形容词貌似副词。如：
friendly (友好的)，lively (生动的)，lonely (孤独的)等。
5.有些形容词与定冠词the连用，表示一类人或物。如：
We should respect the old and love the young.
It’s not polite to laugh at the blind or the deaf.
6.enough修饰名词时既可以放在名词的前面，也可以放在其后面；然而，enough作状语修饰形容词或副词时，应该放在形容词或副词之后。如：
We have enough time / time enough to finish the work.
He ran fast enough to catch the bus.
This hall is big enough to hold 1, 000 people.
7.多个形容词作定语时，通常按“性质→大小(长短、高低、形状等)→年龄/新旧→颜色→国籍(地区、出处等)→材料”的顺序排列。如：a beautiful tall building一座漂亮而高大的建筑物；a large yellow Chinese coat一件黄色的中国式大衣
(二)副词
1.副词的分类
注意：
地点副词、时间副词和方式副词放在句尾，它们同时出现时的顺序是：方式副词→地点副词→时间副词。如：
The students are doing the experiments carefully in the lab now.
Many people take exercise happily on the square every morning.
2.规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
注意：
①使用比较级时，在对比中应该是同类进行对比。如：
“我的英语不如你的好”应译成“My English is not as / so good as yours.”，而不能译成“My English is not as good as you.”。因为此句中比较的对象是English，而不是you，所以要把you改成yours (＝your English)。
②使用比较级时，切忌一方包含另一方，从而造成自身与自身的比较。如：
“她比她班上任何同学学习都努力”应译成“She studies harder than any other student in her class.”，而不能译成“She studies harder than any student in her class.”。any student in her class包括she，使用了other才能将其排除。
3.不规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
4.形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法
句型 意义 例句
as＋形容词/副词原级＋as 两者比较，程度相同。“as…as”结构前可以带表示程度的状语，像quite，almost，half，twice，nearly等。 This book is almost / nearly as thick as that one. His ability is not half as high as yours.
如果形容词修饰单数可数名词，应用as＋形容词/副词原级＋a(n)＋可数名词单数形式＋as。 Tom is as good a person as his uncle. This is just as good an example as the other one.
如果指同一个人或物，应译为“不但……而且……”。 Li Mei is as beautiful as she is clever.
not as / so＋形容词/副词原级＋as 两者相比，一方不及另一方。 This village isn’t as / so big as that one. I didn’t do my homework as carefully as you.
形容词/副词比较级＋than 两者进行比较。 The sun is bigger than the earth. She usually gets up earlier than others.
the＋比较级，the＋比较级 意为“越……，越……”，如果“the＋比较级”修饰名词作定语，名词要紧跟在比较级之后。 The busier the old man is, the happier he feels. The more, the better. The more money he gets, the more he wants.
比较级＋and＋比较级 意为“越来越……”，多音节的用more and more＋形容词或副词原级。 She is growing fatter and fatter. Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.
倍数＋as… as … 意为“是……的……倍”。 The city is three times as big as mine.
具体数字、实物、倍数等＋比较级＋than 形容词与具体倍数等的比较。 He is a head taller than I. This city is three times larger than that one.
形容词/副词最高级＋介词短语(比较范围) 意为“(三者或三者以上)最……的”。 He is the tallest boy in our class. He works hardest in his class.
1.“A＋谓语动词＋the＋比较级＋of the two＋…”表示“……是两者中……的”。如：
Wang Fei is the taller one of the two brothers.
2.“A＋谓语动词＋one of the＋最高级＋复数名词＋in / of短语”表示“……是最……的之一”。如：
Miss Li is one of the most popular teachers in our school.
The Yangtze River is one of the longest rivers in the world.
3.“A＋谓语动词＋the＋序数词＋最高级＋in / of短语”表示“……是第……最……的”。如：
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
★ 同步训练
一、选择题。
1.---It’s a wise to wear the white tie. It matches your shirt well.
---Thank you very much.
A. choice B. support C. mixture D. honour
2.All the students are talking and laughing in the classroom and it’s ______.
A. noisy B. lonely C. quite D. strict
3.---Do you know that Mr Zhang passed away last week?
---Yes. He died ____illness.
A. of B. on C. from D. off
4.Today it’s normal for married women to go out to work, but it was ___ in the past.
A. common B. more common C. less common D. the most common
5.Our English teacher often says to us. “___ English well is very important”.
A. Learn B. Learning C. Learned D. To learn
6.---Did you do well in __ English exam?
---Yes, I got ____”A”.
A. the; a B. an; an C. the; an D. a; the
7.---I will wait___ I hear from you .
---I will write to you ___possible.
A. until; as soon as B. while; as fast as C. since; as quickly as D. because; as slowly as
8.---He hardly helps others, does he?
---_____.He has few friends and no one likes him.
A. Yes, he does B. No, he doesn’t C. Yes, he doesn’t D. No, he does
9.---How is he these days?
---He is ___than before.
A. much healthy B. more healthier C. most healthier D. healthier
10.---Then what did you do?
---I had no choice but ___ as the teacher had told me.
A. do B. doing C.to do D. does
11.---You did ___ than Lucy.
---But she did ___ than me.
A. better; faster B. best; fastest C. good; fast D. well; fast
12.---Though they are twin sisters, they have nothing ___ .
---That’s true.
A. common B.in common C. on common D.at common
13.---What did he say?
--- He asked ____.
A. if has your friend ever been there B. what I can do
C. what I could do D. if your friend has ever been there
14.The city of Harbin is beautiful all the year around,____ in winter. Ice Lanterns decorate streets and attract plenty of tourists.
A. especially B. generally C. probably D. specially
15.---Dad, would you please drive_____?
---No hurry. We have enough time before the plane takes off.
A. faster B. more slowly C. more carefully D. fastest
16.---Steven is good at writing.
---So he is. He writes____ of all students.
A. most carefully B. more carefully C. less carefully D. carefully
17.Driving a car is a bit expensive. I would like to walk____.
A. instead B. instead of C. rather than D. either
18.Study hard! ____you study,_____ results you’ll get.
A. Harder; better B. The harder; better
C. The harder; the better D. Harder; the better
19.Although he is shorter than his old brother, he can run as ____as his brother.
A. hardly B. quickly C. finally D. slowly
20.I am so tired that I can’t walk___.
A. much far B. any farther C. even far D. very further
21.The problem is so difficult that we can ___ understand how to deal with it.
A. hardly B. always C. already D. easily
22.The students are ____ young people between the ages of sixteen and twenty.
A. most B. almost C. mostly D. at most
23. We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining ____.
A. badly B. hardly C. strongly D. Heavily
24.You must be more ______, Jim. Look, you didn’t write _____.
A carefully; careful B. careful; carefully
C. careful; careful D. carefully; carefully
25.The twins are together most of the time. So they never fell ______.
A. lonely B. alone C. happily D. Friendly
26.---How was the weather yesterday?
---It was terrible. It rained _____. People could _____ go out.
A. hardly; hardly B. hardly; hard C. hard; hard D. hard; hardly
27.Tom does everything _____, so his teacher speaks ______ of him.
A. careful; high B. carefully; highly
C. careful; highly D. carefully; high
二、根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空或根据首字母提示写出单词。
1.It _______(hard) rains these days. I hope it can rain later.
2.She chose _______(happy) instead of wealth.
3.He has no________(responsible) to that accident.
4.It is your________(choose) if you don’t want to go.
5.I won’t forget the ______(wonder) trip.
6.What did the_______(strange) say to you?
7.These two evens have nothing in_______(commonly).
8.I have even_______(bad) news for you.
9.Those oranges look____(nice). Can I have one?
10.It’s raining_____(hard), so they have to stay at home.
11.Sue is studying______(hard).
12.I have no c_______ but to study hard.
13.You’d better pay a_______ to your pronunciation.
14.Jim didn’t go to bed u____ 11:00 last night.
15.Could you give me a r_____ why you are often late.
【综合题型】
一、完型填空。
Long long ago, a poor farmer had a dog and a cat. The dog and the cat __1__ for the farmer and they got food from him. One night, the farmer said, “I will not get enough __2__ for both of you to live in. If you work __3__than your partner, you will have the chance to live in the house." Then they __4__ goodnight to each other.
The next morning, the dog and the cat got up early. The dog went to the field and worked hard; But the cat climbed up a tree and began to__5__. When the cat woke up, he went to the field and left a lot of footprints in the field.
In the evening, they both went back home. The dog told the farmer that he finished all the __6__, but the cat also told the farmer that he finished all the work, The farmer decided to go and check in the __7__ the next day.
What did the farmer __8__? There were all the cat's footprints in the field
From then on, the cat lived in the __9__ and the dog lived out of it. So the dog was__10__whenever he met the cat. However, the farmer never knew why,
( )1. A. worked B. lived C. played D. made
( )2. A. halls B. stores C. rooms D. malls
( )3. A. earlier B. harder C. more happily D. more slowly
( )4. A. talked B. said C. spoke D. toldw-2-1-cnjy-com
( )5. A. laugh B. cry C. sleep D. walk
( )6. A. work B. homework C. test D. food
( )7. A. field B. village C. market D. hospital
( )8. A. hear B. see C. feel D. taste
( )9. A. school B. classroom C. house D. store
( )10. A. excited B. worried C. happy D. angry
二、阅读理解。
More and more people like keeping pets, so pet hospitals are usually very busy. Kind persons who love animals are needed to provide help in busy pet hospitals. Those vets will teach them how to take care of the pets.
Scientists think that pets will probably be much smaller because people in the future will live in much smaller space. Scientists are now working on making very small farm animals. The same thing migh8t be done to make small cats and dogs.
It's said that one day you might own a panther (豹) as a pet. Some scientists believe that they might have to start turning wild animals into pets since this might be the only way to save them from dying out.
What about buying a robot to be a pet? This may sound silly, buy it could become true. Robot dogs have been made to sell. They are like real dogs. These pets might become more and more popular in the future.
Lots of people want pets while they are on holidays. A hotel in Minnesota has solved this problem. They lend cats to their guests, Many experts (专家) believe that this idea will become more and more popular. It is very possible that in the future you will be able to order a pet, as well as room service, at a hotel.
( )1.People can provide help in busy pet hospitals as long as they _________.
A. love animals B are rich C. are strong D. are sad
( )2.The scientists want to make the farm animals smaller because_______.
A. big animals are dying out
B. robots will become pets
C. people like smaller animals
D. people in the future may have smaller living space
( )3.What's the fourth paragraph about?
A. People may keep smaller pets in the future.
B. Robots might be popular pets in the future.
C. People can help animals in the pet hospitals.
D. People can borrow pets from a hotel.
( )4. According to the fifth paragraph, people may want pets most________.
A. at the beginning of the year
B. when they work busily
C. on holidays
D. when they stay with their family
( )5.Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Pet hospitals are very busy because more and more people keep pets.
B. The people who keep pets have to help in busy pet hospitals.
C. The pets are likely to become smaller and smaller in the future.
D. Wild animals may become pets in the future.
三、作文。
在每个人都喜欢 一些动物作为宠物。养宠物能给人们带来哪些好处呢？请根据下面
的中文提示写一篇英语作文。80词左右，可适当发挥。提示：
1.养宠物能使人们不再孤单，使人们的生活充满欢乐：
2.养宠物能使人们多做户外运动（如遛狗），有利于身体健康；
3.养宠物能培养人们的爱心和责任心。
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Unit 7 The unknown world
【重点单词短语】
1.unknown adj.未知的
Eg: The man’s identity remains unknown.
【搭配】be known for = ___________________ 因…而出名
be known as = ____________________ 作为…而出名
【选词填空】unknown; known; know
He didn’t where she had gone.
Mr. William is a judge.
Let’s get into an/a world.
2.receive v.收到，接收，接纳，接待
Eg: Linda was very happy when she received the letter from her sister.
【辨析】receive, accept的区别
(1) receive只表示接受的事实。
If you receive a request like this, you can’t fail to obey it.
(2) accept总表示主动且高兴地接受。
She has received his present, but she will not accept it.
【选词填空】
用receive, accept适当形式填空。
We ____________ some messages from aliens about ten years ago.
She offered him a lift and he ____________ it.
3.frightened adj.害怕的
【拓展】adj.令人害怕的=frightening frighten v.使惊恐，使害怕
【搭配】be frightened of…害怕…
be frightened to do sth. 害怕/不敢做某事
【辨析】frightened & frightening区别
(1) frightening令人惊恐的，恐怖的 常用来修饰食物的性质特征
(2) frightened 恐怖的,害怕的，受惊的，常用来说明助于所处的状态，大多数用来修饰
人所处的状态
【选词填空】
The film is very_________ .
The children were__________ calling for their mothers.
The dog __________ me.
【知识联想】
感到（-ed） 令人（- ing ） 相关词语
失望的 disappointed disappointing be disappointed at对…失望
兴趣的 interested interesting be interested in=be keen on对…感兴趣
厌倦的 bored boring be bored with=be fed up with厌烦做某事
疲惫的 tired tiring be tired with因…而疲惫
惊讶的 amazed amazing be amazed at对…感到惊异
惊奇的 surprised surprising be surprised at对…感到吃惊
放松的 relaxed relaxing feel relaxed 感到轻松
兴奋的 excited exciting be excited about对…感到兴奋
恐惧的 frightened frightening be frightened of=be scared of对…感到恐惧
感动的 moved moving be deeply moved深深地感动
着迷的 fascinated fascinating be fascinated by使某人着迷
愉快的 pleased pleasing be pleased at, be pleased to do sth.对…感到高兴
满意的 satisfied satisfying be satisfied with对…满意
4.discover vt. 发现，发觉，找到
【拓展】 n. 发现，被发现的事物
【选词填空】
Who first America?
New scientific ________________are made every day.
The____________ of America changed the whole world.
5.terrible adj.非常讨厌的，可怕的
Eg: They were caught in a terrible storm.
【拓展】adv. terribly很，极端地，非常地
I am ______________ sorry for that.
【知识联想】
形容词变副词：simple-- true--
probable-- possible--
5.wonder v.觉得奇怪，想知道 n.奇迹，奇观 wonderful adj. wonderfully adv.
Eg: I ’m wondering when he will come.
【拓展】wonder + wh- + 不定式
I was wondering where to go .
wonder + if/whether从句想知道是否……
I wonder if you are free this evening
wonder + at sth 对……感到惊讶
I wonder at your allowing him to do such a thing.
6.refuse v.拒绝
Eg: She refused to accept his invitation.
【搭配】
refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
refuse sth. 拒绝某事
【选词填空】
I ____________ take part in the unfair competition. 我拒绝参加这场不公平的比赛。
It is impolite to ______________ his offer. 拒绝他的好意是不礼貌的。
7.explain v.解释
Eg: Peter is explaining his plan to the manager carefully.
【拓展】n. explanation 解释，说明
Your plan needs some explanation.
【搭配】
explain away （把过失、怀疑等）搪塞巧辩过去
explain oneself 说明自己的意思（动机）；为自己的行为辩解
【选词填空】
He tried to ________________ the missing money. 他试图为丢失钱而进行辩解。
She wants to ________________ to her mother. 她想要向妈妈表达自己的心意。
8.pleased adj. = happy, glad 高兴的
Eg: I’m very pleased to talk with you.
【搭配】
be pleased with 对......很满意
We the result. 我们对这个结果很满意。
be pleased to do sth. 很高兴做某事=be happy to sth.
I you here. 很高兴在这里见到你。
【拓展】
pleasure n. 高兴，满足，乐事，乐趣
pleasing adj. 令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的，使人满意的，合意的
pleasant adj. 和善的，愉快的，友好的
please v. 使高兴，使满意，讨人喜欢，讨好
【辨析】pleased, pleasing, pleasant 的区别
pleased 感到愉悦的，主语常为人
pleasing 令人愉悦的，主语常为物，一般指外在的、表面的东西
pleasant 说明事物，表示“令人愉快的”或“舒适的”;说明人，表示“友好的”、“讨人喜欢的”
【选词填空】
I hope you'll have a ____________ holiday. 我希望你能过一个愉快的假期。
I’m very ____________ at/with your success. 我对你的成功感到满意。
The news is .这个消息很令人愉悦。
It is difficult to ____________ everybody. 很难使每个人都满意。
Watching TV is our only ________________. 看电视是我们唯一的乐事。
★ 同步训练
一、选择题。
1. He received an e-mail yesterday.
A. got B. had C. refused D. heard
2. We will try our best to discover the truth.
A. look for B. look into C. research D. find out about
3. The man is so dirty and looks terrible.
A. unpleasant B. sad C. happy D．ugly
4. It is Jim's birthday today. He looks very pleased all day.
A. lonely B. angry C. happy D. comfortable
5. ---I like that house.
---So do I.
A. I don't think so. B. You are right. C. I don't like it. D. Me, too.
6.The children spread their wings and flew to school together.
A. opened…outwards B. put…together C. fold D. put
7.I refuse to believe you because you always tell lies.
A. say yes B. agree C. say no D. support
8.Dad looked at the piece of paper with the strange marks on it.
A. signs B. pictures C. photos D. passage
9.I wonder when it will snow.
A. want to know B. think C. speak D. say
10.I called you last night but nobody answered.
A. someone B. any one C.no one D.one
二、用单词的适当形式填空。
1.Please keep ____________ (quietly) in the library.
2.I feel ____________(terrible) sorry because I hurt you.
3.Kate asked him to eat some pizza, but he refused ____________(eat) it.
4.What do you know about this ____________(know) plant?
5.New scientific (discover) are made every day..
6.The girl ____________ (stand) next to the door is my sister.
7.Don’t make any ____________ (noisy). Dad is sleeping.
8.I saw a beautiful girl today, and I was really ______(please).
9.My parents don’t like ____________(loudly) music.
10.They were frightened of ____________(fly) in the air.
三、完成句子。
1.中国因长城而出名。
China the Great Wall.
2.她不敢夜间出去。
She is at night.
3.我想知道他为什么上学迟到。
I he was late school.
4.他拒绝在圣诞节那天和我们出去购物。
He with us on Christmas Day.
5.我们的老师对我们的出色表现很满意。
Our teacher our wonderful performance.
四、课文语法填空。
Tina woke up at midnight. She looked out of her window and saw a yellow light in the sky. Then (1) ________ heard a noise and saw a red light.
The next morning, Tina told her brother Tom (2) ______ it. They decide (3) __________ (explore) after school. At 6 p.m., Tina and Tom reached the forest. At that time, they heard some voices (4) ________ (speak) a strange language, so they hid behind some bushes and kept quiet. Then they saw an alien! It was tall, with a round head and a silver body. It was standing next to a long spaceship (5) _________ (damage). The children felt frightened.
(6) _________ (sudden), another alien appeared from the buses in front of them. It discovered them and made a terrible noise! The children ran away (7) _______ (fear).
The next morning, Tina and Tom told their parents about (8) _________ strange creatures. They were ugly with some hair and no feathers. But Dad refused (9) ___________ (believe) them since no one else saw (10) _________ (this) aliens.
【重点语法】
???原因状语从句
1.定义：在句中用来说明主句原因的句子叫原因状语从句。
2.常用引导词：连接原因状语从句的连接词有because, since, as 和 for
3.关于because
① because 表示的原因是必然的因果关系，语气最强，通常放在主句之后。
We stayed at home because it rained.
②回答why 提出的问题，只能用because, 不能用其余三者。如：
A：Why can’t I go? 我为什么不能去？
B：Because you are too young. 因为你太年轻了。
4.关于since 和 as
since和as表示的原因是人们所知的，是对已知事实提供理由，而不表示直接原因。since比as语气稍强，两者通常都放在主句之前。如：
Since you feel tired, you should rest.
As he was not will, I decided to go without him.
5.关于Because 与because of 区别
Because是一个从属连词 后面接一个完整的句子，引导一个从句。注意because不能与so
连用
Because of 是一个介词短语 后面加的是名词成分，即：名词、名词短语、代词、代词短语以及动名词短语
★ 同步训练
一、填入适当的连接词。
1.Peter was reading a newspaper ___________ his son was watching TV.
2.He won't be here _________ he is invited.
3.He will not go to the cinema __________ he is very busy.
4.__________she comes here tomorrow, I will tell you.
5._________we got to the station the train had left.
6.He is explaining clearly ________ they could understand.
7.Do not leave the room ________ you have finished the test.
8.She sang ___________ she went along.
9.Jack is _________ a young boy ______________ he can't look after himself.
10.He didn’t pass the exam _______he worked really hard.
二、选择题。
1.Tony never spends money on buying books ______ he doesn’t like reading.
A. but B. because C. though D. because of
2.---Why do you like English? ---_____ it is very interesting.
A. But B. Because C. Though D. Because of
3.We can’t go camping _____ the bad weather.
A. but B. because C. though D. because of
4._____ she didn’t go to see her father _____ she was very busy yesterday.
A. Because, so B. So, because C./, so D./, because
5.She was praised______ she often helped others.
A. but B. for C. or D. if
6.______ the heavy snow, we didn’t go to school.
A. Because B. Because of C. For D. Since
7.Because it is raining, _____ we have to put off the sports meeting.
A. so B./ C. and D. then
8.---_______it is late, I should go home now.
---Oh, do you have to?
A. Since B. Or C. Because of D. But
9.---The sun must have set, ____ it is growing dark.
--- Yes, and it’s 6 o’clock now.
A. for B./ C. however D. thus
10.I will go to the party alone ____ you don’t want to go.
A. until B. since C. however D. whether
11.The man can’t get on the bus ______ there is no room on it.
A. though B. because C. until D so that
12. ______ her daughter hadn’t come back, ______ she looked worried.
A. Because, / B. Because, so C. Though, but D. Though, /
13._______ you’ve got a chance, you might make full use of it.
A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as
14.He found it difficult to read, _______ his eyesight was beginning to fail.
A. and B. for C. but D. or
15.A man cannot smile like a child, ________ a child smiles with his eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone.
A. so B. but C. and D. for
三、填入恰当的连词。
1.I didn’t go to school yesterday _________ I was ill.
2.________ everybody is here, let’s begin our meeting.
3. ________ you are in poor health, you should not stay up late.
4.________ all the passengers are here, why don’t we start at once?
5.Bill won’t make any progress _____ he doesn’t study harder than before.
6.He might have gone to bed, ________ the light went out.
【综合题型】
一、完型填空。
After the Second World War there were many reports of mysterious(神秘的)”Flying saucers(碟子)”. They____1____throughout the world. For quite a long time strange shapes had been reported in ___2____parts of the world, but it was not until recent times that they were seriously studied. Pictures and films___3___ of flying saucers, or UFOs seen in the sky. Some pilots of__4___reported that round flying machines had followed__5__, moving at great speed. Some unofficial(非官方的)expert and ___6___suggested that some creatures from other planets were watching us. Some reports said a UFO had____7__the earth. A space creature ___8___ the UFO and moved around, then flew off again. But none of the landings was ever proved(被证实)to be true.
What lies ahead of us? We don’t know. __9____we can be sure that whatever happens, we are living in an age which will grow steadily ___10___.
( )1.A.see B. saw C. were seen D. seen
( )2.A.the same B. different C. similar D. alike
( )3.A.take B. took C. were taking D. were taken
( )4.A.planes B. ships C. space D. trains
( )5.A.them B. they C. we D.us
( )6.A.people B. teachers C.TVs D. newspapers
( )7.A.arrived B. left C. arrived in D. got
( )8.A.ran away B. came into C. got out of D. reached
( )9.A.And B. But C. Or D. So
( )10.A.interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. more interested
二、阅读理解。
A
One morning an old man left his house with six donkeys.
After a time, he got tired and got on one of them. He counted the donkeys and there were only five. So he got off and went to look for the sixth. He looked and looked, but he didn’t find it, so he went back to the donkeys and counted them again. To his surprise, this time there were six. So he got on one of them again and they started.
After a few minutes, he counted the donkeys again, and again there were only five! He became confused(困惑的). Just then a friend of his passed him. The old man said to him, “I left my house with six donkeys. Then I had five, then I had six again, and now I have only five! Look! One, two, three, four, five.”
His friend said,” You are sitting on a donkey, too. This is the sixth. And you are the seventh.
( )1.When did the story happen?
A. In the morning B. In the afternoon C. In the evening D. At night
( )2.In fact, how many donkeys were there?
A. Four B. Five C. Six D. Seven
( )3.Why did the old man get on one of the donkey?
A. Because he wanted to count them. B. Because he got tired.
C. Because he wanted to look for the sixth. D. Because he became confused.
( )4.Why the old man couldn’t get the right number?
A. Because he left one at his house.
B. Because he gave one of the donkeys to his friend.
C. Because he didn’t see one of the donkeys.
D. Because he forgot to count the one he got on.
( )5.How was the old man?
A. Kind B. Foolish C. Smart D. Surprised
B
Dear Bill,
Long time no see! I just came back to Taipei from Europe. Twenty hours on the plane really made me tired. But I’d like to write to you as soon as I arrived at my flat.
I knew about the terrible typhoon from the TV news early this morning . On TV, I saw many houses in your country were damaged late last night. Many people became homeless. I was feeling worried about you until I knew your town were far from the worst hit areas. And now I am a bit restful now.
The weather in the mountains of Europe was very different from that in Taiwan. It was just early October, but it started to snow. Still, my trip to Europe was great fun. Before I went there, I was worried about the language instead of the weather. You know I can’t speak German or French. But I was surprised to find that English was still useful there! I talked to people without any problems, and I even made some new friends there!
I’m going to see you next summer holiday. And I hope we can have a longer happy get-together then.
( )1.Where does Mike come from?
A. Europe B. Taipei C. Beijing D. France
( )2.Mike got the news that there was a terrible typhoon in Bill’s______.
A. village B. town C. city D. country
( )3.What was the weather like in the mountains of Europe when Mike was there?
A. It rained a lot. B. It was windy. C. It snowed D. It was sunny.
( )4.Mike is going to ______next summer holiday.
A. Bill’s town B. Taipei C. another country in Europe D. the worst hit area
( )5.Which is the following is TRUE about Mike’s experience in Europe?
A. He was worried about the weather.
B. He was invited to the homes of his new friends.
C. He learned some English in a language school.
D. He enjoyed his trip very much.
三、作文。
假设有外星人存在，请你根据以下提示写一篇短文，想象外星人的样子和他们的生活。要求80词左右，可适当发挥。开头已给出，不计入总词数。
内容提示：?
1.外星人生活在其他星球上，他们长着大大的头，有一双大大的眼睛，个子很小；?
2.他们看似弱小，实际很强壮，他们不需要喝水，不需要呼吸，也不需要睡觉；?
3.他们总是乘着UFO去他们想去的地方。?
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Unit 8 Life in the future
【重点单词短语】
1.apology n.道歉 复数
他向女主人写了一封道歉信。
He wrote a letter of to the hostess.
【搭配】make an apology to sb. 向某人道歉
当你犯错误的时候要学会向他人道歉。
Learn to others when you made mistakes.
apologize v.道歉
apologize to sb. 向某人道歉
apologize for sth. 为某事道歉
你应该为你刚才的所作所为向她道歉。
You should to her for what you did just now.
2.excuse n.借口，理由
【搭配】make excuses for sth. 为某事找借口
我们往往很容易找到借口说为什么我们不应该去尝试新事物。
It?is?easy?for us to? ?why?we?shouldn’t?try?new?things.?
Excuse?me
3. present n. 目前；现在
【搭配】at present 目前
我目前不需要字典。
I?don't?need?the dictionary? .
词性 意思 搭配
vt. present 赠送；呈现 present sb. with sth.给某人某物
市长在一次市级招待会颁发给他一块金牌。 The mayor him a gold medal at an official city reception.
adj. present 出席的；现在的 be present 出席
主席未出席会议。 The president at the meeting.
n. present 礼物 present= gift
她给她妈妈买了一件生日礼物。 She bought for her mother.
4. wide adj.广泛的，广阔的
所有的课桌都得为学生们留下足够宽的空间。
All desks should be to allow plenty of space for students.
【拓展】adv. widely广泛地 n. width宽度 adj. worldwide 世界范围内的
这项新科技已经被更广泛地采用。
The?new?technology?has been adopted.
他的书已经在世界范围内卖了超过两千万本。
His books have sold 20 million copies .
测量一下窗户的总宽度。
Measure the full of the window.
5.recently adv. not long ago; lately最近
他最近专注在他的学习上。
He?is?hammering at?his?studies? .?
6.satisfy v.使满意
变化的速度还没有快到让所有人都满意。
The pace of change has not been everyone.
【拓展】adj. 令人满意的
(某人)感到满意的
【辨析】 satisfied & satisfying
The salesgirl?said?she?would?replace?the?TV set?if?we?were?not? .?
That’s very to?produce?some?of the?defining?results?for?our?field.?
【搭配】be satisfied with sb.\sth. 对……感到满意
我们队这些结果不满意。
We are not these results.
7. mix v. （使）混合
快速的搅拌会将它们充分混合。
A quick stir will .
【拓展】n. mixture 混合物
【搭配】be?mixed?with 与……混合
大米不能和其他事物混合。
Rice?should not? ?other?food.
8.relax v. 放松，休息
我应该停止担心去放松一下。
I ought to? worrying about it.
【辨析】relaxed & relaxing
As soon as I had made the final decision, I felt a lot more .
我一做出这个最后的决定就感觉轻松很多了。
Could?you?imagine?a?more? family?holiday?for?me?and?the?children??
你能为我和孩子们想出一个更轻松的家庭假日吗？
9. prepare v.准备
我们必须为我们的客人准备一间房。
We?must? ?a?room?for?our guest.
【拓展】n. preparation 准备
adj. prepared (已经)准备好了的
(反义) adj. ? ?还没准备好
【搭配】be unprepared\prepared to do sth. = be (not) ready to do sth. 没准备好/准备好做某事
be unprepared\prepared for sth. = be (not) ready for sth. 没为/为……做好准备
我们要为任何可能做好准备。
We?should any?possibilities.
10. while conj. 与……同时；但是；然而
(1)when和while表示“当…时候”时；
Do When Do Do While Be doing\ 持续性动词
Did Did Did
Was doing Was doing Is doing
Is doing Is doing Was doing
总结： （从上表总结出的规律）
【辨析】when & while
we were still laughing, the teacher came in.
I got to the airport，the guests had left．
he came yesterday, we were playing basketball.
How did?he?make?out? ?his?mother?was?away?
(2) when 和 while 作并列连词
①when “在那时”
When eating a whole cooked fish, you should never turn it over to get at the flesh on the
other side.
②while “而、却”
I sat on the chair to unwrap the package while he stood behind me.
★ 同步训练
一、选择题。
1.---What did people use to make boats in the past?
---They used trees.?
A. before B. later C. so far
2.---Tom always stays up late working these days. He should relax himself.?
---I agree with you.?
A. fall asleep B. go to the doctor C. have a rest
3.---In the present, the Greens have not enough money to afford the expensive house.?
---I’ m sorry to hear that.?
A. Now B. Yesterday C. Soon
4.---Jim made a big mistake. He should make an apology to his parents.?
---I think so.?
A. say nothing B. say sorry C. say no
5.---Ann, could you please help me open this box?
---Certainly.?
A. Not at all B. Sure C. OK
6.---It is impossible to satisfy everyone.?
---Exactly!?
A. make…worried B. make…pleased C. make…sad
7.---The car drove fast and disappeared in a second from our sight.?
---It may be dangerous.?
A. very slowly B. very quickly C. very well
8.---The final exam is coming. Have you prepared for it??
---Not yet. How about you??
A. got busy with B. got interested in C. got ready for
9. An ______ is a reason which you give in order to explain why something has been done or has
not been done.?
A. experience B. example C. excuse
10.I think it is dangerous to make friends on the _______. That is, making friends online is not safe.
A. Internet B. land C. advertisement
11.When things are _______, they are put together.?
A. matched B. mixed C. prepared
12.---Why is that called the Big Banana??
---Because it is in the _______ of a big banana.?
A. shape B. post C. present
13.---Businessmen are always very busy. They often travel _______.?
---That’ s true.?
A. up and down B. from place to place C. from now on
14.---What was wrong with Kate??
---Kate was still very angry and refused to accept Tom’s _______.?
A. help B. apology C. words
15.---What do you think of the new plan?
---Very great! However, it cannot ______ everyone.
A. like B. agree C. satisfy
二、用单词的适当形式填空。
1.We apologize (apology) for the late departure of this flight.?
2.Tom, could you please help me (decorate) the Christmas tree?
3.This accident affords us a (use) lesson.
4.The idea is widely (wide) accepted now．
5.Our teacher has changed a lot in (recently) years.?
6.I’m (satisfy)that they are telling the truth.?
7.Air is a (mix) of gases.
8.He sometimes goes to the cinema to make himself (relax)．
9.It happened so suddenly that we were caught (prepare)．
10.There are many (electron) books to read.
三、完成句子。
1.你应该为你所说的话向你妈妈道歉。?
You should your mother for what you said.?
2.不要总是为自己找借口。?
Don’t always for yourself.?
3.这个风筝是龙的形状。?
The kite is a dragon.?
4.我的父母对于我这次考试结果很满意。
My parents the result of my exam this time.
5.她正在为即将到来的周六表演做准备。
She the performance of the coming Saturday.
四、课文语法填空。
It is August 2050. Some people are writing about hotels, houses and cars on the Internet. The following (1) ________ (be) their posts.
The Hotel Whale is built under the water. It is in the shape of (2) _______ whale. This hotel has 50 bedrooms, a café and a shopping centre. (3) __________ (visit) can watch the fish outside their bedroom window. They never get (4) ______ (bore).
Forever Green Houses are both “green” and “smart”. There is glass outside the houses. Heat is held under the glass and is then used as energy (5) _______each house. In the bathroom, your medicine cupboard (6) __________ (connect) to your doctor’s computer. In the kitchen, your smart fridge tells the supermarket’s computer when you need more food. Everyone will be satisfied (7) _______ Forever Green Houses.
The CJ3 is a new type of hydrogen car. The hydrogen in the car is mixed with oxygen from the air (8) _________ (make) electricity for the car. The CJ3 has an electronic map and is driven by a computer. You tell the computer (9) _________ you want to go. Then you sit back and relax as the car takes you there. The CJ3 is (10) ____________ (friend) to the environment.
【重点语法】
???过去进行时
1.概念: 过去进行时主要表示过去某个时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作。
2.时间标志词: then, at this/ that time, yesterday, yesterday morning, at nine, last night…
但在不少情况下，没有表示时间的标志词，这时需要通过上下文来推断是否使用过去进行时。
3.基本结构
①肯定句：主语+?was / were + doing
The children were playing games at this time yesterday.
②否定句：主语+ was /were + not + doing
I wasn’t watching TV at eight yesterday.
③一般疑问句：??Was/ Were +主语+doing?
---Yes, 主语+ was/ were.
---No, 主语+ wasn’t/ weren’t.
---Was he doing his homework at that time?
---Yes, he was. 是的，他在写。
--- No, he wasn’t. 不，他没有在写。
④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ was/ were +主语+doing?
What were you doing then?
4.基本用法
①表示在过去某时刻正在进行的动作。
At this moment yesterday, I was packing for camp.
When I came to see her last time, she was writing an article.
What were you doing at eight last night ?
②过去进行时表将来。
A train was leaving at midnight for New Orleans.
5.常用句型
①一般过去时/过去进行时+while+过去进行时
while表示“当…的时候”时，后面的动词一般采用延续性动词的进行时态；如果主要动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可以用过去进行时。
Sally took a photo of her friends while they were playing computer games.
Some students were playing football, while others were running around the track.
②一般过去时/过去进行时+when+一般过去时/过去进行时
when表示“当…的时候”时，后面的动词一般采用短暂性动词的一般时态；当两个一长一短的动作在过去某时间同时发生时，用过去进行时表示较长的动作。
It was raining hard when I left my office.
Her dog was playing with another dog when Linda was getting out of the station.
★ 同步训练
一、用动词的适当形式填空。
1. While we __________ (wait) for the bus, a girl __________ (run) up to us.
2. I __________ (telephone) a friend when Bob __________ (come) in.
3. Jim __________ (jump) on the bus as it __________ (move) away.
4. We __________ (test) the new machine when the electricity __________ (go) off.
5. She __________ (not want) to stay in bed while the others ________________ (all, work) in
the fields.
6. While mother ________ (put) Cathy to bed, the door bell ________ (ring).
7. As I __________ (walk) in the park, it __________ (begin) to rain.
8. Even when she ___________ (be) a child she ________________ (already, think) of becoming a ballerina (芭蕾舞演员).
9. It was quite late at night. George __________ (read) and Amy __________ (play) her needle when they __________ (hear) a knock at the door.
10. There __________ (be) a group round the fire when they __________ (reach) it. An old woman __________ (sit) on the ground near the kettle; two small children __________ (lie) near her; a donkey __________ (bend) his head over a tall girl.
二、选择题。
1.I ______ cooked a meal when you _____ me.
A. cooked, were ringing???????? B. was cooking, rang?????
C. was cooking, were ringing??????? D. cooked, rang
2.He said he _____ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.
A. tries??????????? B. tried?????????? C. was trying????????? D. will try
3.While she ______ TV, she ______ a sound outside the room.
A. was watching, was hearing??????? B. watched, was hearing
C. watched, heard??????????????????????? D. was watching, heard
4.They _____ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.
A. were watching????????? ?B. watch???????? C. watched?? ???D. are watching
5.What book ____ you ______ when I ____ you at four yesterday afternoon?
A. did, read, was seeing???????????????B. did, read, saw
C. were, reading, saw ???????????????? D. were, reading, was seeing
6.It was Friday evening. Mr and Mrs. Green _____ ready to fly to England.
A. are getting???????? ? B. get????? C. were getting?????????????D. got
7.Lei Feng _____ always _____ of others when he ______ in the army.
A. is, thinking, was??????? B. was, thinking, is???????C. did, think, is????????????? D. was, thinking, was
8.A girl ______ my pen fall off the table when she _____ me.
A. saw, passed? B. was seeing, passed
C. was seeing, passed? D. was seeing, was passing
9.We ____ for tom at ten last Sunday. He often kept us ______.
A. were waiting, waiting??????B. were waiting, wait???? C. waited, waiting??D. waited, wait
10. He ____ his father on the farm the whole afternoon last Saturday.
A. helps ???????? B. would help???????? C. was helping??????D. is helping
11.While mother _______ some washing, I _____ a kite for Kate.
A. did, made??????????B. was doing, made C. was doing, was making??? D. did, was making
12.“_______ you angry then?” “they ______ too much noise.”
A. are, were making?????????????B. were, were making? ??C. are, made?? ?D. were, made
13. He ____ some cooking at that time, so _____ me
A. did, heard?? B. did, didn’t hear? C. was doing, heard???????D. was doing, didn’t hear
14.This time yesterday jack _____ his bike. He _____ TV
A. repaired, didn’t watch????????????B. was repairing, watched????????????
C. repaired, watched???????????? ?D. was repairing, wasn’t watching
15.His parents wanted to know how he _____ on with his new classmates.
A. was getting???????? B. gets???? C. is getting????D. will get
三、翻译下列句子。
1.昨天这个时候你们英语老师在做什么？她在和一些家长谈话吗？
2.当我离开的时候他正在画一幅世界地图。
3.当你看见他们的时候他们在干什么？他们在打扫教室。
4.那时二班的学生没在操场上踢足球，他们在打篮球。
5.一天，母亲下班回家的时候，约翰在写给一个朋友写信。
6.上周五一下午，学生们在干什么？他们一直在往墙上贴海报。
7.昨天这个时候，一些学生在植树,一些学生在给小树浇水。
8.老师走进教室的时候，学术们正在谈论当天的新闻。
9.老虎等猴子的时候，他听到一个声音。
10.今天上午放学的时候在下雨吗？是的，天正下着大雨。
【综合题型】
一、完型填空。
When some people died, they would go to heaven (天堂). One day, God came and said, "I want to _____1_____ the men into two groups. The men who could control their wives will be in one group. And _____2_____ group is for the men controlled by their wives. Also, I want all the _____3_____ to go to another place.”
After a while, God _____4_____ and saw the women were all gone and there-were two groups of men. The line of the men that were controlled by their wives was about 100 miles _____5_____, and there was only one man in the other group.
God became _____6_____ and said, “You men should be ashamed (羞愧的) of ____7______. It tried to create you and expected you to be strong men. But you behaved (表现) so _____8_____. Look at the only one of my sons in another group. He really made me proud. Learn if him! Tell them, my son, how did you _____9_____ to be the only one in this group?"
The man looked around and replied, "I don't know, God. My ____10_____ told me to stand here."
( ) 1. A. put B. send C. divide D. remove
( ) 2. A. others B. other C. the other D. any other
( ) 3. A. men B. women C. children D. people
( ) 4. A. left B. moved C. stayed D. returned
( ) 5. A. straight B. near C. long D. short
( ) 6. A. angry B. happy C. tired D. relaxed
( ) 7. A. myself B. yourself C. themselves D. yourselves
( ) 8. A. well B. badly C. politely D. slowly
( ) 9. A. have B. stop C. forget D. manage
( ) 10. A. son B. wife C. friend D. parent
二、阅读理解。
A
A billionaire (亿万富翁) called Elon Musk has reported his great plan: take 80,000 brave people to Mars and living there.
He said the plan would start small and the first 10 people would be taken there in a specially-made rocket (特制的火箭).
Musk was the first businessman (商人) to travel in space this spring. Last week, he won a prize in London. "At Mars, you'll start a new world," He talked about his great plan. “The ticket price is $500, 000 each. Some people from rich countries could raise enough money to make the trip."
Of course, these passengers would be sent to work rather than go there on vacation. They would have to carry some equipment to build strong houses for people. There would be some CO2 in the houses which would be covered with a layer (层) of water to serve as protection from the sun. With the CO2, crops would be able to grow at Mars. Also, the equipment could produce O2 for people to breathe to live.
Musk believed one person out of every 100,000 people would be interested in the journey. By the time his plan became true, there would be 8 billion people on Earth.
( )1.How many people would be sent to Mars at the beginning of the plan?
A. 10. B. 80,000. C. 100,000. D. 50,000.
( )2.Which of the following can help crops grow at Mars?
A. O2. B. CO2. C. Water. D. The sun.
( )3.The underlined word "equipment" means “_________” in Chinese.
A. 衣物 B. 设备 C. 包裹 D. 技术
( )4. How might Musk feel about his plan to Mars?
A. Bored. B. Disappointed. C. Worried. D. Pleased.
( )5. According to the passage, we know _________.
A. Musk would fly to Mars by rocket alone.
B. Some rich people may be interested in the journey.
C. O2, CO2 and water can be easily found at Mars by passengers.
D. The plan to Mars was denied by both of the poor and the rich.
B
Once when I was a teenager, my father and I were standing in line to buy tickets for the circus. Finally, there was only one family between the ticket office and us. This family made a big impression on me.
There were eight children, all probably under the age of 12. You could tell they didn’t have a lot of money. Their clothes were not expensive, but they were clean. The children talked excitedly about the clowns. It was clearly a very important day out for them. The father and mother seemed happy as they could be.
The tickets lady asked how many tickets the father wanted, he proudly answered, “Please let me buy eight children’s tickets and two adults’ tickets, so I can take my family to the circus.”
The ticket lady told him the price.
The man’s wife lowered her head. There was no longer a smile on the man’s face. He quietly asked, “How much did you say?”
The ticket lady again told him the price.
The man obviously didn’t have enough money. But how could he tell his kids the bad news?
Seeing what was happening, my dad took a $20 note from his pocket and dropped in on the ground. (We were not rich ourselves at all!) He then tapped the man on the shoulder and said, “Excuse me, sir, you dropped this.”
The man understood my father was helping him. He picked up the money, looked straight into my dad’s eyes, and in tears replied. “Thank you. This really means a lot to me and my family.”
Although we did not go to the circus that night, we didn’t go without.
( )1.Why does the writer say “Their clothes were not expensive, but they were clean” ( Paragraph 2)?
A. To show the children were well looked after.
B. To show cheap clothes could be popular.
C. To show how hard the mother worked.
D. To show how rich the family were.
( )2.Why was the poor man unhappy after he spoke with the ticket lady?
A. He had lost his money. B. His children were noisy.
C. The tickets were sold out. D. The tickets were too expensive.
( )3.Who did the $20 note belong to?
A. The poor man . B. The writer’s father.
C. The poor man’s wife. D. The ticket lady.
( )4.Why was the poor man in tears at the end of the story?
A. He found the money he lost. B. He wanted others to help him.
C. He made his children unhappy. D. He was thankful for the kindness.
( )5 Which of the following statements is probably true according to the passage?
A. The poor man saw the circus that night.
B. The two families became close friends.
C. The writer’s father earned some money.
D. The writer saw the circs that night.
三、作文。
你梦想中的学校是什么样子呢？快快告诉我们吧！请以My Dream School为题写一篇短文描述你梦想中的学校。词数不少于60。
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