北师大版高中英语必修一 Unit 2 Heroes语言点（一）

Unit 2 Heroes语言点（一）
目标认知
重点词汇
calm，generous，character， separate，found, struggle, equal, fight, event, amazing
重点短语
life off，in prison, in one’s opinion, because of, millions of
重点句型
不定式作定语
现在分词作伴随状语
as引导时间状语从句
形容词作状语
现在分词作定语
表示并列的when
知识讲解
重点词汇
calm
【点拨】calm adj. 平静的，镇静的，沉着的；无风无浪
vt. & vi. (使)平静，(使)镇静
常用结构
1) stay/keep/be calm 保持镇静
2) calm(sb.) down (使某人)平静下来，镇静下来
经典例句
①He kept calm in face of great danger．面临巨大危险，他还是保持镇静。
②Calm down．There is nothing to worry about! 安静下来吧，没有什么可担忧的!
③He read the children a story to calm them down.
他给孩子们讲故事，让他们安静下来。
④The important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument.
重要的事是不要把一场平静的讨论变成激烈的争吵。（2019 福建高考）
【拓展】易混辨析：calm，quiet，still，silent
calm
“从容镇静的”，指人不激动；“风平浪静的”，指气候、海洋无风浪
quiet
“安静的，宁静的”，指不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、忧虑
still
“静止的，一动不动的”，指没有运动或动作的状态
silent
“沉默无言的，寂静无声的”，指没有声音或不讲话
经典例句
①Don’t keep silent when the teacher asks you a question．
老师问你问题的时候不要保持沉默。
②Keep still while I brush your hair．
我给你梳头发时你不要动。
③Could you keep the kids quiet while I’m on the phone？
我在打电话，你能让孩子们安静点吗？
generous
【点拨】generous adj. 慷慨的，大方的
常用结构
be generous to sb．对某人宽容
be generous with sth．(用钱等)大方，不吝惜
be generous in doing sth．做某事慷慨
It is generous of sb. to do sth．某人做某事是慷慨大方的
经典例句
①Your father was very generous to give you so much money．
你的父亲很大方，给你这么多的钱。
②Be generous to him．He has been ill．对他宽容些，他一直在生病。
③The rich man is generous with money．那位富人出手大方。
④It was generous of you to share your food with me．你将食物与一起我分享，真慷慨。
⑤He is generous in giving help．他慷慨助人。
【拓展】generously adv. 大方地；宽宏大量地
generosity n. 慷慨，大方；宽宏大量
character
【原句回放】Listen to descriptions of three film characters. 听听对三位电影角色的描述。
【点拨】character n. (书、戏剧或电影中的)人物，角色；特色，性格；文字，字体
经典例句
①I found all the characters in his new play amusing and interesting．
我发现他新戏中的人物都很风趣、有意思。
②The twins look alike but have very different characters．这对双胞胎长得像，但性格很不一样。
③The character of the neighborhood hasn’t changed at all．这片住宅区的风貌依旧。
④The Chinese characters look like small pictures. 汉字看起来像一幅幅小画。
⑤He is a man of strong character. 他是一个个性很强的人。
separate
【原句回放】 When the spaceship separated from the rocket．I suddenly got a feeling of soaring into the sky because of the zero gravity．宇宙飞船与火箭分离时，由于地球引力消失，我突然感觉像是在急速升入空中。
【点拨】separate v. (使)分开，(使)分离
adj. 单独的，独立的，分开的
常用结构：separate...from... 把……和……分开
经典例句
①A river separates the two house from the village.
一条河把这两幢房子和村子分开。
②As we joined the big crowd, I got separated from my friends.
当我们加入人群当中时，我和朋友们被分开了。
③We went our separate ways after the party．聚会后我们各走各的吗?
易混辨析
separate，divide
separate
指通过挑选等把原来连在一起或靠近的分开来。
divide
常指把某个整体分成若干部分。常用短语：divide...into... 把……分成……
经典例句
①You should separate good apples from bad ones．你应该把好苹果和坏苹果分开。
②The class is divided into four groups．这个班被分成四个组。
found
【原句回放】 He led the 1911 revolution and founded the first Republic of China．他领导了1911年革命并建立了第一个“中华民国”。
【点拨】found vt. 建立，创立 （过去式和过去分词都是founded）
注意：found常用于表示创建国家、组织、机构、学校等。
经典例句
①The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949．中华人民共和国成立于1949年。
②His family founded the college in 1895．他的家族于1895年创办了这所学院。
③Harvard University，which was founded in 1636，is the oldest university in the United States．
创办于1636年的哈佛大学是美国最古老的大学。
③The Sun，founded in 1964，is the most successful of the popular newspapers．
《太阳报》，创办于1964年，是流行报中最成功的报纸。
【拓展1】find发现，找到（过去式、过去分词：found）
【拓展2】近义词辨析
build 建设，建造（具体的或抽象事物）
put up 建造，搭起（建造高于地面的建筑物）
set up 开设，建立（生意，公司，公益医院）；竖起
put up a tent 搭起帐篷
build a hospital 建一家医院（多指土木方面的建造）
set up a flag 竖起旗帜 set up a new record 创了新纪录
set up a class to help poor readers 办一个班来帮助阅读能力差的学生
struggle
【点拨】struggle n. vt. & vi. 斗争，拼搏，努力，挣扎
常用结构
1)struggle to do sth． 艰难地做某事，挣扎着做某事
2)struggle for 为……而斗争
3)struggle with(against) 与……作斗争，同……搏斗
4)struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
经典例句
①The old man has been struggling with illness．这位老人一直在与病魔作斗争。
②she struggled to keep back the tears．她努力忍住泪水。
③He struggled to his feet and went on．他挣扎着站了起来并继续前进。
④The struggle for freedom was long and hard．争取自由的斗争是长期而艰难的。
⑤What can we do to help them in their struggle for survival?
在他们为生存而进行的抗争中，我们能做什么来帮助他们?
⑥Don’t give up without a struggle．不要未经努力就放弃。
equal
【原句回放】 His first victory was to win the equal rights for blacks to sit on buses．他的第一个胜利就是为黑人赢得了乘坐公交车的平等权利。
【点拨】equal adj. 相等的，平等的，能胜任的
vt. 等于，比得上
n. 同等的人；相等物
常用结构
1)be equal to(doing) sth．等于，胜任(做)某事
2)equal sb. in sth．在某方面与某人匹敌
经典例句
①There is an equal number of boys and girls in the class．这个班男女生的人数相等。
②I’m sure he’s equal to the job．我确信他能胜任这份工作。
③In our class no one can equal him in maths．在数学方面，我们班没有人能比得上他。
【拓展】equally adv. 平等地，同样地
equality n. 平等
fight
【原句回放】Elizabeth Blackwell fought for women’s rights．伊丽莎白·布莱克威尔为女性权利而战。
【点拨】fight v. & n. 打架，战斗，作战（过去式、过去分词 fought）
常用结构
1)fight for 为……（目标）而战
2)fight with 和……（并肩）作战；与……作战
3)fight against 与……格斗，作战
4)fight (about /over sth.) 因为……而战
5) fight one’s way 艰苦奋斗，奋力前进
经典例句
①The dogs were fighting against each other over a bone．
那些狗为了争一块骨头而相互打斗。
②In World War II, Britain fought against Germany with France.
在二战中，英国与法国联合抗击德国。
③We fought our way through the crowd．我们奋力穿过人群。
event
【原句回放】The first time Venus played in a big event was in 1996. 维纳斯第一次参加大型联赛是在1996年。
【点拨】event n. 事件，大事；（运动）项目；活动
常用结构
a team event团体赛 field and track events田径比赛
Meeting you was quite an event in her life. 认识你是她一生中的一件大事。
The new book was the cultural event of the year.
这本新书的出版是今年文化界的大事。
Which event have you entered for? 你参加什么项目?
This event will be covered live by TV. 此事将由电视作现场报道。
【拓展】辨析：event， accident，incident，affair
1. accident：强调偶然或意外发生的不幸事情。
2. incident：既可指小事件或附带事件，又可指政治上具有影响的事件或事变。
3. event：可指任何大小事件，尤指重大事件。
4. affair常用复数形式，已发生或必须要做的事情；也可指个人的“暧昧关系”。
a car accident 汽车事故
shooting incident 暗杀事件
a fund-raising event 筹款之事
foreign affairs 外交事件
amazing
【原句回放】The sisters’ road to success has been amazing. 两姐妹的成功之路是令人惊叹的。
【点拨】amazing adj. 令人惊异的 （表示事物的性质）
Just look at it. Isn’t it amazing!
你看看。真叫人惊叹！
He has an amazing appetite for hard work.
他出奇地喜爱艰巨的工作。
It is amazing that she should have said nothing about the murder.
令人惊奇的是她竟然对这桩凶杀案不置一词。
【拓展1】amazed adj. 感到吃惊的，惊奇的 （表示人的感觉）
amazement n. 惊奇，诧异
amazingly adv. 令人惊奇地
常用结构：to one’s amazement 使……吃惊的是
in amazement 吃惊地
You’ll be amazed at your generosity. 你会非常讶异你自己的慷慨的。
To my amazement, he remembered me. 使我吃惊的是，他记得我。
She looked at him in amazement. 她吃惊地看着他。
Amazingly, the children fell silent. （2019 湖南高考）
令人惊奇的是，孩子们一下子安静下来。
【拓展2】用法类似的词
boring 无聊的 exciting 使人兴奋的，令人激动的 interesting 有趣的 relaxing 放松的terrifying 可怕的 surprising 令人吃惊的
注意：这些词的-ed形式，表示人的感觉。
重点短语
lift off
【原句回放】 China’s first manned spaceship lifted off at 9 a. m. on Wednesday，October 15th. 2003 in Jiuquan，Gansu Province．2003年10月15日，星期三，上午九点，中国第一艘载人宇宙飞船在甘肃酒泉发射中心升空。
【点拨】lift off （飞机，火箭等）起飞；（太空船）升空
The plane lifted off and climbed steeply into the sky.
飞机起飞并迅速升入空中。
The rocket lifted off from the launching pad.
火箭从发射台升了起来。
【拓展】含lift的短语
lift up 举起 ask for a lift 请求搭便车
give/offer sb. a lift 让某人搭便车 take the lift 乘电梯
He gave me a lift to the bus stop in his car．他让我搭他的便车去汽车站。
in prison
【原句回放】He spent 27 years in prison for fighting for tile rights of black South Africans．由于为南非黑人的权利而斗争，他被监禁了27年。
【点拨】in prison 坐牢，监禁
1. 常用结构：三短语意思都是“把某人投入监狱”。
put sb. in /into prison
throw /cast sb. into prison
take/ send sb. to prison
He was sent to prison five years ago. 他五年前被投入监狱。
2. 对比：
in prison在坐牢 in the prison在监狱(强调地点，不一定是犯人)
The man was sentenced to three years in prison．这个人被判三年监禁。
There are two libraries in the prison. 这座监狱里有两个图书馆。
【拓展】类似短语：
1)be in hospital在住院
be in the hospital在医院里(不一定是病人)
2)be at church在做礼拜
be at the church在教堂(不一定是做礼拜)
3)be at school在上学
be at the school在学校(不一定在上学)
4)sit at table在吃饭
sit at the table坐在桌旁(不一定是吃饭)
5)by sea乘船(由海路)
by the sea在海边
He’s still in hospital．他仍然在住院。
His sister is a nurse in the hospital．他的妹妹在这所医院当护士。
in one’s opinion
【原句回放】In my opinion，Dr Sun Yat-sen is very important．He led the 1911 revolution and founded the first republic of China．在我看来，孙中山先生是非常重要的。他领导了1911年革命并建立了第一个“中华民国”。
【点拨】in one’s opinion 在某人看来 (=in the opinion of sb. =in one’s view)
经典例句
①It’s a great idea，in my opinion．在我看来这是一个好主意。
②In the opinion of most people，this is a wise choice．在大多数人看来，这是一个明智的选择。
【拓展】带opinion的短语
1)give/express one’s opinion 发表意见
2)have a good/bad/high/low opinion of 对……评价好/坏/高/低
3)have different opinions about sb. / sth. 对某人/某事有不同的评价
The boss has a very high opinion of her．老板对她评价很高。
They each have different opinions about the plan. 他们对这个计划各有不同的意见。
because of
【点拨】because of 由于；因为 (后跟名词、代词、v-ing或what从句）
比较：because 引导一个原因状语从句。
He lost his job because of his age. 由于年龄关系他失去工作。
I said nothing about it, because of his father’s being there.
因为他父亲在那儿，我对此事一字未提。
He knew she was crying because of what he had said.
他知道她哭是因为他所说的话。
I do it because I like it.
我做这件事是因为我喜欢。
John didn’t attend the meeting because he was ill.
约翰因为生病没有参加会议。
millions of
【原句回放】Millions of people all over China were watching TV when the spaceship landed safely. 在宇宙飞船安全着陆的时候，全中国成百万的人都在电视上观看。
【点拨】millions of 数百万
1. million意为“百万”，当不与具体数字连用，而表示不确定的约数时，常用millions of。
A careless mistake cost the company millions of pounds.
一个粗心的错误使公司蒙受数百镑的损失。
There were millions of people in the square. 广场有几百万人。
2. million前如果具体数字修饰，要用单数形式。
I think that the damage was over 20 million dollars.
我认为损失超过2千万美元。
【拓展】用法相同的词：score (二十)，dozen (十二)，hundred (百)，thousand (千)
My mom bought scores of eggs yesterday. 我妈妈昨天买了几十个鸡蛋。
Jim gave his girlfriend two dozen roses as a gift. 吉姆给他女朋友买了两打玫瑰花作礼物。
The sun was shining. Thousands of people were lying on the beach.
阳光灿烂，数以千计的人躺在海滩上。
He bought the painting for ten thousand dollars.
他花了一万美元买了那幅画。
重点句型
不定式作定语
【原句回放】Yang Liwei had several tasks to complete during the flight and only slept in the spaceship for about 3 hours．在飞行过程中，杨利伟有好几项任务要完成，他只在宇宙飞船里睡了约三个小时。
【点拨】不定式作定语
1.此句中to complete为不定式短语作后置定语，修饰前面的名词tasks。
2. 不定式作定语在时间上多表示将来，或与谓语动词同时或在谓语动词以后发生。
I have lots of work to do．我有许多工作要做。
The Browns have a comfortable house to live in．布朗一家有一幢舒适的房子可以居住。
3. 不定式作定语时，如果和修饰词之间是被动关系，同时和句子主语(或宾语)之间又是主动关系，要用主动表被动；如果不是则用被动结构。试比较：
Have you got anything to wash? 你有什么东西要洗吗?
(不定式to wash的动作执行者是主语“你”)
Have you got anything to be washed? 你有什么要洗的东西吗?
(不定式to wish的动作执行者是“我”或“别人”)
She has a sister to look after．她有一个妹妹要照顾。(she是look after的执行者)
I want to go shopping．Do you have anything to be bought? （you不是不定式动作的执行者）
我要去购物。你有什么东西要买吗？
现在分词作伴随状语
【原句回放】When the spaceship was doing its seventh circle．Yang Liwei showed the flags of China and the United Nations，expressing the wishes of the Chinese people to explore and use space peacefully．在飞船绕地球飞到第七圈时，杨利伟在飞船上展示了中国国旗和联合国国旗，以表达中国人民和平开发、利用太空资源的意愿。
【点拨】现在分词作伴随状语
1. 此句中expressing the wishes of ... 为现在分词短语作伴随状语。
2. 现在分词作伴随状语，用于表示谓语动作发生的同时伴随着的另一个动作或状态。
In the old days，he went from door to door，begging for food．过去，他挨家挨户要饭。
The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily.
孩子们跑出房间，高兴地说说笑笑。
【拓展】现在分词作其它状语
※ 除了伴随状语外，现在分词还可以作时间、原因、结果、条件、让步等状语。
Working in the factory，we learned a lot from the workers．
我们在工厂劳动时，从工人们那儿学到了很多东西。(时间)
Being too old，he couldn’t walk so far．
由于年龄太大，他不能走那么远。(原因)
It rained heavily in the south，causing serious flooding in several provinces．
南方下大雨，导致许多省份出现了严重的水灾。(结果)
as引导时间状语从句
【原句回放】 As Yang Liwei returned into the earth’s atmosphere，helicopters were flying to where he would land，ready to collect him．当杨利伟回到地球大气层时，直升机正飞往着陆点，做好接他的准备。
【点拨】as conj. 当……时候，随着（引导时间状语从句，强调at the same time）
As I looked，someone came near．正当我看的时候，有个人走近前来。
As I get older，I get more optimistic．随着年龄的增长，我变得更乐观了。
【拓展】as的其它用法
※ as还可以表示“照……方式；因为；正如，如同；尽管，虽然”。
They did as I had asked．他们是按照我的要求做的。
She may need some help as she’s new．因为她是新来的，她可能需要一些帮助。
Much as I like it，I won’t buy it．虽然我很喜欢它，但我不会买的。
The work is not so difficult as you imagine．这项工作并不像你想象的那么难。
形容词作状语
【原句回放】 As Yang Liwei returned into the earth’s atmosphere，helicopters were flying to where he would land，ready to collect him．当杨利伟回到地球大气层时，直升机正飞往着陆点，做好接他的准备。
【点拨】形容词作状语
1. 此句中ready to collect him为形容词作伴随状语。
2. 形容词作状语时，一般用逗号将其与句子的其余部分隔开，表示主语做谓语动作时所处的状态。
3. 这种状语可放在句首，句末或句中，相当于一个状语从句，表示伴随，原因，让步等。
He stared at the footprints, full of fear.
他两眼死盯着脚印，内心充满了恐惧。
He lay there, unable to move.
他躺在那里不能动。
Angry at the girl’s oversleeping, Mr. Green woke her up.
那女孩睡过了头，格林先生很生气，叫醒了她。
Tired and hungry, the boy decided to go home by taxi.
男孩又累又饿，决定坐出租车回家。
现在分词作定语
【原句回放】When Yang Liwei climbed out of the spaceship，he smiled and waved to the crowds waiting for him．当杨利伟走出飞船时，他面带微笑并向等待他的人群挥手示意。
【点拨】现在分词作定语
1.此句中waiting for him为现在分词短语作定语，相当于定语从句who were waiting for him。
2. 现在分词作定语在时间上多表示和谓语动作同时发生，常译为“正……”。
I know some people standing there. 我认识站在那儿的一些人。
The students performing on the stage are from Class 1. 在舞台上表演的学生是一班的。
Do you know the boy lying under the big tree? 你认识躺在那棵大树下的那个男孩吗?
表示并列的when
【原句回放】 Pat was in the bathroom with a hairdryer in her hand when she heard a crash．帕特手拿吹风机在浴室里，这时她听到一阵撞击声。
【点拨】when这时，在那时
注意：作此意讲时，when相当于and at this/that time，是并列连词，表示动作发生的突然性。
We were watching a new movie in the theatre when suddenly the light went out．
我们正在电影院看一部新电影，突然灯灭了。
He had gone to bed when the telephone rang．
他刚上床睡觉，就在这时电话铃响了。
He was about to tell me the secret when someone patted him on the shoulder．
他正要告诉我这个秘密，这时有人拍他的肩膀。
巩固练习
单词拼写
1．What does her handwriting tell you about her (个性)?
2．Man is trying his best to (探索) space.
3．His dream of becoming an (宇航员) has come true.
4．The (气氛) at home makes us more comfortable than that in the office.
5．We won’t leave the earth easily because of the (重力) of the earth.
6． (航班) 284 was delayed because of the bad weather.
7．The city is (平静的) again after yesterday’s riots (骚乱)．
8．Students were involved in (暴力的) clashes with the police.
9. The BBC was _______ (建立) in 1922, including radio and television services.
10. We should help those who are still _________ for their right.
单项填空
1．There are several ________ in this novel who are different in ________.
A．character; character B．characters; characters
C．character; characters D．characters; character
2．(2019 北京西城期末) With the help of __________ people，I can be more successful in volunteer work.
A．serious B．generous C．nervous D．dangerous
3．She ________ her hand to say goodbye to us.
A．shook B．rocked C．trembled D．waved
4．He accidentally ________ he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadn’t been home for a couple of weeks.
A．let out B．took care C．made sure D．made out
5．We must learn to keep ________ when we are facing danger.
A．silent B．quiet C．still D．calm
6．________ his carelessness, his company suffered a great loss and he was dismissed.
A．Owe to B．As result of C．In case of D．Because of
7．It is reported that the floods have left about ________ people homeless.
A．two thousand B．two- thousands C．two thousands D．two thousands of
8．He had a wonderful childhood, ________ with his mother to all corners of the world.
A．travel B．to travel C．traveled D．traveling
9．（2019 四川高考）Little Tom sat ________ watching the monkey dancing in front of him.
A. amaze B. amazing C. amazed D. to amaze
10．It’s terrible shame, __________, that the building was knocked down.
A. I think B. in my opinion C. personally D. all above
11. The island is ______ attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.
A. partly B. merely C. nearly D. equally
12. Although she isn’t still fit enough for the job, she has ________ to learn from others so that she acquires good skills.
A. struggled B. managed C. refused D. failed
13. I will go to Beijing on business tomorrow. Do you have anything _____ to your son studying in Beijing University?
A. to be taken B. to take C. taken D. being taken
14. “We can’t go out in this weather,” said Bob, ______ out of the window.
A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked
15. After the long journey, the three of them went back home, ______.
A. hungry and tiredly B. hungry and tired C. hungrily and tiredly D. hungrily and tired
完成句子
1. 我们一路上不得不与大风搏斗。(struggle against)
__________________________________________________
2. (2019 北京西城期末)在我看来，你不可能再犯这样的错误。(in one’s opinion)
__________________________________________________
3. 中国首艘载人飞船2003年10月15日，星期三上午九点升空。(lift off)
__________________________________________________
4. 把权力和职责分开是不可能的。（separate）
__________________________________________________
5. 他曾经为美国的黑人的权利而斗争。（fight）
__________________________________________________
6. 他有时去监狱演讲。(go to the prison)
__________________________________________________
7. 男生女生是生而平等的。(equal)
__________________________________________________
8. 我爸爸坐在沙发上读报纸。（sit，read）
__________________________________________________
9. 我坐下时打破了玻璃杯。（as）
__________________________________________________
10. 我正在街上走着，突然下起雨来。（when）
__________________________________________________
答案解析：
单词拼写
1．character 2．explore 3．astronaut 4．atmosphere 5．gravity
6．Flight 7．calm 8．violent 9. founded 10. struggling
单项填空
1．D。句意：在这部小说里有几个人物，他们的性格各不相同。character表示“人物，角色”时是可数名词，表示“性格，特性”时也是可数名词，但多用单数。故选D。
2．B。generous“慷慨的，大方的”，符合题意。serious 严肃的；nervous 紧张的；dangerous 危险的。句意：在慷慨的人们的帮助下，我的志愿者工作更成功了。
3．D。句意：她挥手向我们告别。表示“挥手(告别)”要用wave。shook (shake) 摇动；rock 摇晃；tremble 发抖，颤动。
4．A。从句子的意思分析，此处应该表示“偶然(accidentally)透露出”的意思，所以用let out。故选A。take care 小心；make sure 确定；make out 辨认出，理解。
5．D。句意：当我们面对危险时，我们必须学会保持冷静。故选D。keep calm 保持冷静。silent 沉默的；quiet“安静的；still 不动的。
6．D。根据句意，前后存在因果关系。结合选项，可作“因为，由于”讲的有：owing to, as a result of, because of。而 in case of 意为“以防，万一”。注意A、B的错误写法。
7．A。hundred, thousand, million, billion, dozen, score等指具体数字时，不用复数形式；指大约数字时，常用复数形式，且接of短语。
8．D。句意：他的童年丰富多彩，他跟着他妈妈到世界各地旅行。现在分词短语作伴随状语。
9. C。句意：小Tom坐在那儿看猴子在他面前跳舞，感到无比惊讶。过去分词变成的形容词在句子作状语，表示人的感觉，所以选C。
10. D。A、B、C三个选项的意思相同，均可作插入语。故选D。all above 以上所有的。
11. D。句意：因为春秋两个季节的天气都非常怡人，所以这个小岛在这两个季节都同样很吸引人。partly 部分地；merely 仅仅；只不过；nearly 几 乎；equally 相等地，相同地。根据句意选D。
12. A。struggle to do sth. 奋力地做某事，拼命做某事；manage to do 设法完成了做某事；refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事；fail to do 没有能够做某事。从“she isn’t still fit enough for the job”可知，她还不适合做这个工作，她应该是拼命向别人学习，并学得好的技能，所以选A。
13. A。我明天要去北京出差。你有什么东西要我带给你在北京大学的儿子吗？anything和take之间是被动关系，而且不是句子的主语you做的，所以用不定式的被动形式，选A。
14. A。Bob说话的同时，还向窗外看着，主语发出的谓语以外的另一个同时的动作，用动词-ing形式（现在分词）表示。
15. B。句意：经过长途旅行后，他们三个终于回到了家，又累又饿。形容词可在句中作状语，表示他们回到家时的状态，相当于省略了they were，故选B。
完成句子
1. We had to struggle against strong winds all the way.
2. In my opinion，it is impossible for you to make such a mistake again.
3. China’s first manned spaceship lifted off at 9 a.m. on Wednesday, October 15th, 2003.
4. It is impossible to separate rights from duties.
5. He once fought for the rights of black people in the USA.
6. He goes to the prison sometimes to give lectures.
7. Boys and girls are born equal. (equal此句中是形容词表状态)
8. My father sat in the couch, reading a newspaper.
9. I broke the glass as I sat down.
10. I was walking in the street when I began to rain.