北师大版高中英语必修一 Unit 2 Heroes话题语言应用—— 英雄

Unit 2 Heroes话题语言应用—英雄

语言积累：
交际用语：
表达语言交际困难（language difficulties in communication ）　　I beg your pardon?　　 请再说一遍好吗？　　Pardon? 　　 请再说一遍好吗？　　Can you speak more slowly, please?　　　 请说慢一点好吗？　　How do you say ...in English? 　　　　 用英语怎么说……？　　Could you say that again, please? 　　　 请再说一遍好吗？　　How do you spell it please? 　　　　　 请问它怎么拼？　　How do you pronounce this word?　　　你怎么读这个单词？　　Sorry, I can’t follow you. 　　　　 对不起，我不明白你说的话。　　What do you mean by...? 　　　　 ……是什么意思？　　I don’t understand.　　　　 我不明白。　　Can you repeat that, please?　　　　　 请再说一遍好吗？　　What does that mean? 　　　 那是什么意思？　　I can't get my point across. / I can't get through to him.　　　 无法让他明白。　　What do you call this in English?　　　　英文管这叫什么?　　Can you say that in a different way? 　　 你能换一种说法来说吗？
话题词句：
有关英雄的名人名言
1、Diligence redeems stupidity. 勤能补拙。
2、It is not the place, nor the condition, but the mind alone that can make anyone happy or miserable. 决定人之苦乐的不是地点，也不是环境，而是思想。
3、It takes two to make a quarrel. 一个巴掌拍不响。
4、Strike the iron while it is hot. 趁热打铁。
5、Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。
6、A fair death honors the whole life. 死得其所，流芳百世。
7、Life would be to smooth if it had no rubs in it.生活若无波折险阻，就会过于平淡无奇。8、A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一堑，长一智。
9、All things in their being are good for something.天生我才必有用。
10、A fox may grow gray, but never good. 江山易改，本性难移。
11、Adversity makes a man wise, not rich. 逆境出人才。
12、A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。
13、A faithful friend is hard to find. 知音难觅。
14、When shepherds quarrel, the wolf has a winning game. 鹬蚌相争，渔翁得利。
15、Beware beginning. 以谨慎开始。
16、Adversity leads to prosperity. 穷则思变。
拓展阅读：
Lin Zexu (林则徐)
Lin Zexu (Chinese: 林则徐; pinyin: Lín Zéxú) (August 30, 1785 - November 22, 1850) was a Chinese scholar and official during the Qing dynasty. He is most famous for his active fight against opium smuggling in Guangzhou, which is usually considered to be the primary catalyst for the First Opium War 1839-42. Lin was born in Fuzhou, in the Fujian province. In 1811 he received the Jinshi degree, the highest title in the imperial examinations, and the same year he was appointed to the prestigeous Hanlin Academy. He rose rapidly through various grades of provincial service, and became Governor-General of Hunan and Hubei in 1837. A formidable bureaucrat known for his thoroughness and integrity, Lin was sent to Guangdong to halt the importation of opium by the British prior to the First Opium War (1838). He confiscated more than 20,000 chests of opium already at the port and supervised their destruction. He later blockaded the port from European ships. Lin also wrote a letter to Queen Victoria of Britain warning her that China was adopting a stricter policy towards everyone, Chinese or foreign, who brought opium into China. This letter expressed a desire that Victoria would act "in accordance with decent feeling" and support his efforts. The letter was however never delivered to the queen but was published in The Times . Open hostilities between China and Britain started in 1839. Lin's failure to secure a decisive victory against the British led to his replacement by Qishan in September 1840. As punishment for his failures, he was demoted and sent to exile in Ili in Xinjiang. However, the Chinese government still considered Lin to be an official of rare virtue, and sent him off to take care of difficult situations. He died in 1850 while on the way to Guangxi, where the government was sending him to help put down the Taiping Rebellion. He was a patriot of ability who attained an international reputation as "Commissioner Lin." He was opposed to the opening of the country, but felt the need of a better knowledge of foreigners, which drove him to collect much material for a geography of the world. He later gave this material to Wei Yuan, who published an Illustrated Treatise on the Maritime Kingdoms (Hǎiguó túzhì 海国图志) in 1844. June 3, the day when Lin confiscated the crates of opium, is celebrated as Anti-Smoking Day in the Republic of China in Taiwan. Manhattan's Chatham Square, in Chinatown, contains a statue of Lin, commemorating his early struggle against drug use.
写作运用：
故事类书面表达：
故事实际上就是记叙文，是以叙述人物或事情发展变化过程为主的一种文体。它可以讲述自己的经历，也可以写他人的经历或事迹，所以通常使用第一人称或第三人称来叙述过去发生的事情，原则上用过去时态。应该注意交代六要素（when, where, who, what, why, how）.
故事类书面表达的写作特点
⑴ 开头要吸引人。好的开始是成功的一半。我们可以采取以下方式来开头：以时间或地点带出任务为开头；以对话为开头；以动作作为开头等。
⑵ 主题要明确，内容要充实。故事要有头有尾，更要有高潮，要把何人、何事、何时、何地、何因素等方面交代清楚，避免空泛、笼统的话语。通过对人物、事物和景物的描写，表现出故事的主题和作者的思想感情。
⑶ 层次要分明，叙述要有条理。叙述时除了有开头语及结尾语，还要注意描写的层次要清楚，挑选一些典型事例或细节加以合理安排，大多数情况下叙述都是按照事情的发展及时间的先后进行的，但有时也可以采取其他顺序，如倒叙、插叙等。
⑷ 主次要分明，详略要得当。对一件事情的叙述不能平均用墨，能够突出主题的情节要详写，不能突出主题的情节要简写或不写。
⑸ 情节的展开要制造悬疑和高潮。故事情节的展开有好几种方法，可以用中心人物的行动来展开，也可以用人物的对话来展开，还可以用叙述的手法来展开。不论使用哪一种方法，最好在事件进行中用提示或暗示或制造悬疑逐步地安排，把故事带向高潮，使故事引人入胜。
⑹ 结尾要令人回味。故事结尾切忌说教味道浓厚，要让读者在读故事中不知不觉地接受教育。
【写作任务】
某英语报刊的一个栏目以“谈谈发生在身边的故事”为主题展开征文活动。你校最近举办了一场校运会，请你讲述在校运会期间发生在李华同学身上的一件感人的事。根据下列图片，描述事情的经过并简单发表你的看法。
注意：1.词数：100左右。文章的标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．参考词汇：勇气杯 Courage Cup。
Never Give Up
When Li Hua decided to take part in the 3,000 metres race，everyone was very surprised.
________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Never Give Up
When Li Hua decided to take part in the 3,000 metres race，everyone was very surprised. One of his classmates said，“Li Hua，you are not strong enough to run the 3,000 metres.”But Li Hua said，“I don’t think I will win，but I’m determined to finish it.”
During the race，each step seemed difficult for Li Hua. Suddenly he fell，breaking his glasses and his chance of winning the race. But he didn’t give up. He stood up，put on his broken glasses and kept on running.“Come on，Li Hua. You can do it！” Everyone on the sports field was cheering for him. Although Li Hua was the last one to cross the finishing line，he won the Courage Cup with honor.
I was deeply touched by Li Hua’s great determination .In my mind，winning in life shouldn’t be measured by the final score；it should be based on how you play the game.
巩固练习
单项填空
1．Dina, ________ for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
A．struggling　　　　　　　 B．struggled
C．having struggled D．to struggle
2．In the ________ of most people, the US is very strong and rich. But in fact there are many poor people living a hard life there.
A．thought B．opinion
C．idea D．thinking
3．The company’s employment policy makes it clear that men and women have ________ opportunities.
A．same B．similar
C．equal D．balanced
4．We don’t need to do extra work this evening. The work was almost ________ now.
A．at the end B．at an end
C．in the end D．by the end
5．Alice ________ in a book that the city she lives in was ________ one hundred years ago.
A．found; found B．founded; founded
C．founded; found D．found; founded
6．He made ________ that the head teacher praised him.
A．so great progress B．such a great progress
C．so great a progress D．such great progress
7．How long did it ________ to control the floods in Anhui?
A．spend B．take
C．pay D．cost
8．— Will you go to Jim’s wedding?
— Of course. I will if ________.
A．inviting B．invited
C．was invited D．I will be invited
完形填空
In a Chinese modern dance competition on TV one very unique couple won one of the top prizes. The lady, in her 30’s, was a dancer who had __1__ since she was a little girl. Later in life, she lost her entire left arm in a(n) __2__ and fell into a state of sadness for a few years.
Someone then asked her to teach a children’s dancing group. From then on, she __3__ that she could not forget dancing. So, she __4__ to dance again, but, having lost her arm, she had also lost her __5__. It took a while before she could even make simple turns and spins __6__ falling. Then she heard of a man in his 20’s __7__ had lost a leg in an accident. He had also fallen into the usual sadness and anger. __8__， she was determined to find him and __9__ him to dance with her ...He had never danced, and to dance with one leg ...Are you __10__ with me? “No way！”
But, she didn’t give up, and he unwillingly __11__ , thinking, “I have nothing else to do anyway.” She started to teach him dancing. The two __12__ a few times because he didn’t know how to control his body, and knew __13__ of the basic things about dancing. When she lost patience with him, he would walk out. __14__ they came back together and started training __15__.
They hired a trainer to __16__ performance for them. She would fly high with both arms flying in the air. He could bend horizontally (水平) __17__ by one leg with her leaning on him, etc.
In the competition, as you will see, they dance __18__ and they certainly won the competition. When I watched this I didn’t even realize that she was __19__ an arm because I was focusing on the man with only one leg. Really quite __20__ !
语篇解读：这是一段不可能完成的舞蹈，她只有一只胳膊，他只有一条腿，但是他们克服了常人难以想象的困难，用生命舞动了奇迹，诠释了生命的意义。
1．A. started B．planned
C．trained D．directed
2．A. accident B．competition
C．argument D．operation
3．A. recognized B．reviewed
C．returned D．realized
4．A. refused B．decided
C．forgot D．waited
5．A. performance B．courage
C．heart D．balance
6．A. with B．without
C．except D．besides
7．A. where B．when
C．which D．who
8．A. However B．Therefore
C．So D．Seldom
9．A. allowed B．advised
C．persuade D．told
10．A. killing B．joking
C．working D．making
11．A. refused B．answered
C．offered D．agreed
12．A. broke out B．broke up
C．picked up D．picked out
13．A. none B．nothing
C．neither D．nobody
14．A. Certainly B．Generally
C．Hardly D．Finally
15．A. happily B．seriously
C．quickly D．immediately
16．A. prepare B．discover
C．design D．defend
17．A. stood B．sat
C．helped D．supported
18．A. beautifully B．slowly
C．carefully D．greatly
19．A. finding B．repairing
C．missing D．turning
20．A. surprising B．amazing
C．exciting D．interesting
阅读理解
The 16-year-old girl Jessica Watson is said to be the youngest person to sail non-stop alone around the world. But her record has been questioned because someone thought that she has not sailed far enough. She will also not be recognized by the World Speed Sailing Record Council, as it was too dangerous for someone under 18 years old.
Ms Watson sailed into Sydney port on Saturday, seven months after leaving on a hard voyage. Family, friends and Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd have gathered to greet her. Thousands of well- wishers waited at the port and watched from boats as Ms Watson sailed her pink, 10-meter long boat over the finishing line. Many more Australians watched the event broadcast live on television. Watson said she was just an “ordinary girl who believed in her dream”．
Ms Watson left Sydney on 18 October, despite that some people disagreed to her plan. Watson traveled northeast through the South Pacific and across the equator (赤道), south to Cape Horn at the tip of South America, across the Atlantic Ocean to South Africa, through the Indian Ocean and around southern Australia. The route took her through some of the world’s most changeful waters, and she battled through huge storms and suffered seven accidents of her boat.
People around the world have followed Ms Watson’s adventures on her blog, which she has daily updated (更新). On her blog, she wrote down beautiful sunrise over seas, the excitement of meeting a blue whale and the bright, terrible sight of a shooting star flying across the night sky above her boat. Ms Watson has reportedly sold her story to a news company for $700,000. She is planning to write a book on her experience.
语篇解读：16岁少女杰西卡·沃森驾驶着粉红游艇从悉尼出发，北上向东横渡太平洋，穿越赤道，南下绕过南美洲的合恩角，接着越过大西洋，绕过非洲的好望角，经过印度洋，回到起点悉尼，成为最年轻的环球独航者。
1．Which of the following oceans DIDN’T Ms Watson cross through in her voyage?
A．The Pacific Ocean. B．The Atlantic Ocean.
C．The Indian Ocean. D．The Arctic Ocean.
2．Ms Watson’s voyage will NOT be considered an official world record mainly because ________.
A．no one can prove that her route was dangerous enough
B．she hasn’t applied for the record
C．girls are not allowed to take part in the dangerous sports
D．teenagers are not encouraged to take such a dangerous adventure
3．We can make a conclusion from this passage that Watson________.
A．would make another voyage for money
B．made the world round voyage for money
C．had no way to communicate with others during the voyage
D．was so confident and brave that she could overcome troubles on her own
4．All the following can be inferred from this passage EXCEPT that ________.
A．Jessica’s book about her voyage is a best-seller
B．people in Australia had much interest in her voyage
C．Jessica spent more than 200 days alone at sea
D．people have different attitudes towards Jessica’s voyage
答案解析：
单项选择
1．解析：此处用分词短语作时间状语，Dina与struggle为主谓关系；且由finally可知分词动作发生在谓语动作之前，故用现在分词的完成式。答案：C
2．解析：句意：在很多人看来，美国很强大、很富有。但事实上那儿有许多穷人过着艰苦的生活。in the opinion of ... “在……看来”。答案：B
3．解析：句意：公司的雇佣政策清楚地表明男女享有平等的机会。equal“相等的，平等的”，符合题意。same“同样的”；similar“类似的”；balanced“平衡的”。答案：C
4．解析：句意：今天晚上我们不需要加班了，现在工作几乎接近尾声。at an end意思是“结束，终结”；at the end of“在……结束时；在……尽头”；by the end of“到……末”，一般指时间；in the end“最后；终于”。答案：B
5．解析：句意：艾丽斯在一本书中发现她所生活的城市创建于一百年前。第一空应为find“发现”的过去式；第二空应为found“创建”的过去式。答案：D
6．解析：句意：他取得了如此大的进步以至于他的班主任表扬了他。progress为不可数名词，其前不可加a/an。such修饰的中心词为名词，而so修饰的中心词为形容词或副词。答案：D
7．解析：考查固定句型。It takes some time to do sth.“花时间做某事”，主语(人)＋spend some time (in) doing sth.；主语(sb.) pay (some money) for sth.“花钱买某物”；cost的主语为物，构成“sth. cost sb. some money” 结构。答案：B
8．解析：考查if引导的条件状语从句的省略。当主从句主语一致，且从句中的谓语动词含有be时，从句的主语和be动词可以省略。答案：B
完形填空：
1. 解析：她是小女孩的时候就接受过舞蹈训练，所以这里选择C项。答案：C
2. 解析：由本句的lost her entire left arm推测她遭遇了一场意外事故，失去了一只胳膊。答案：A
3．解析：别人的提醒使她意识到了自己对舞蹈的热爱，realize意为“意识到”。recognize意为“认出”，不合文意。答案：D
4．解析：因为could not forget dancing，所以她做出这个决定。decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”。答案：B
5．解析：结合生活常识，失去一只胳膊后跳舞时难以掌握平衡，所以选择balance。答案：D
6．解析：在失去平衡的情况下，她在make simple turns and spins的时候肯定会不断地摔跤。在不摔跤的情况下完成这些动作花费了一段时间。答案：B
7．解析：这是一个定语从句，先行词是a man，who在定语从句里作主语。答案：D
8．解析：however表示转折关系。答案：A
9．解析：下文两人跳舞说明她决定说服这位男士和她一起跳舞，而且她确实做到了。答案：C
10．解析：联系当时这位男士的处境和他的答复可以判断，他认为她在拿自己开玩笑，这里的joke是动词。答案：B
11．解析：在女士的坚持下他不情愿地同意了，因为他想反正自己也没事可做。答案：D
12．解析：两人排练中经常闹分裂，这里的break up指“关系破裂”。答案：B
13．解析：对舞蹈的基础动作一无所知，none of表示全部否定。nothing不能和of搭配。答案：A
14．解析：虽然经历了很多次反复，但最终两人还是和好了，继续练习。答案：D
15．解析：这里的seriously意为“认真地”。分分合合后，两人开始认真地排练。答案：B
16．解析：他们邀请教练的目的就是为他们设计舞蹈演出。答案：C
17．解析：在一条腿的支撑下他可以弯腰90°。答案：D
18．解析：they certainly won the competition说明他们的舞蹈非常优美。答案：A
19．解析：这里的miss an arm和lost her entire left arm吻合。答案：C
20．解析：这里的amazing是作者对这两个人的舞蹈的评价。答案：B
阅读理解
1．解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，没有经过北冰洋。答案：D
2．解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可判断，人们不鼓励青少年进行这类冒险活动。答案：D
3．解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句和第三段最后一句可以推断，杰西卡·沃森非常自信和勇敢，能独自克服航海过程中遇到的种种困难。答案：D
4．解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可以推断，她现在还没有开始写这本书，更谈不上畅销。答案：A