北师大版高中英语模块1 Unit 3 Celebration 话题语言应用—— 庆祝
文档属性
| 名称 | 北师大版高中英语模块1 Unit 3 Celebration 话题语言应用—— 庆祝 |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 314.9KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 北师大版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-11-07 14:22:48 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
话题语言应用—— 庆祝
语言积累：
交际用语：
讨论未来的计划（Talking about future plans）： 1. When are you leaving? 你什么时候走？ 2. Where are you staying? 你打算待在哪儿？ 3. How are you going to...? 你打算怎么去……？ 4. How long are you staying in...? 你打算在……待多长时间？ 5. When are you arriving in/ at...? 你什么时候到达……？ 6. When are you coming back? 你什么时候返回？ 7. I’m thinking of... 我想着…… 8. I’d like to... 我想要…… 9. I’d love to... 我想要…… 10. I’d rather... 我宁愿…… 11. I want/ wish/ hope/ intend/ plan to... 我想要…… 12. I feel like (doing)... 我想…… 13. I prefer... 我更愿意…… 14. I hope/ expect that.... 我希望…… 15. My plan/ hope is to.... 我的计划/希望是…… 16. I have dreamed of.... 我梦想着…… 17. I have been looking forward to.... 我一直盼望着…… 18. I have decided to.... 我已经决定…… 18. I am ready to... 我已经准备好做…… 祝愿和告别（Good wishes and farewells）： 1. Good luck！ 祝你好运！ 2. Best wishes to you. 祝福你。 3. I wish you good luck/success！ 祝你好运/成功！ 4. Good journey（to you）！ （祝你）一路顺风！ 5. Have a good trip. 祝旅途愉快。/一路平安。 6. Have a nice/good time. 祝你过得愉快。 7. Congratulations！ 祝贺你！ 8. I'd like to congratulate you on… 祝贺你…… 9. Have fun! 玩得开心！ 10. Take care. 多保重！ 11. Write to me. 给我写信。 12. Give my love/ best wishes to... 替我问候……
话题词句
圣诞节/新年英文祝福语
Good luck, good health, hood cheer. I wish you a happy New Year. 祝好运、健康、佳肴伴你度过一个快乐新年。 With best wishes for a happy New Year! 祝新年快乐，并致以良好的祝福。 I hope you have a most happy and prosperous New Year. 谨祝新年快乐幸福，大吉大利。 With the compliments of the season. 祝贺佳节。 May the season's joy fill you all the year round. 愿节日的愉快伴你一生。 Season's greetings and best wishes for the New Year. 祝福您，新年快乐。 Please accept my season's greetings. 请接受我节日的祝贺。 To wish you joy at this holy season. Wishing every happiness will always be with you. 恭祝新年吉祥，幸福和欢乐与你同在。 Good health, good luck and much happiness throughout the year. 恭祝健康、幸运，新年快乐。 May the joy and happiness around you today and always. 愿快乐幸福永伴你左右。 Please accept my sincere wishes for the New Year. I hope you will continue to enjoy good health. 请接受我诚挚的新年祝福，顺祝身体健康。 Allow me to congratulate you on the arrival of the New Year and to extend to you all my best wishes for your perfect health and lasting prosperity. 恭贺新禧，祝身体健康、事业发达。 Best wishes for the holidays and happiness throughout the New Year. 恭贺新禧，万事如意。 With very best wishes for your happiness in the New Year. 致以最良好的祝福，原你新年快乐幸福。 Please accept our wishes for you and yours for a happy New Year. 请接受我们对你及你全家的美好祝福，祝你们新年快乐。 May the coming New Year bring you joy, love and peace. 愿新年为你带来快乐，友爱和宁静。 Wishing you happiness during the holidays and throughout the New Year. 祝节日快乐，新年幸福。 A happy New Year to you. 恭贺新年。 Season's greetings and sincere wishes for a bright and happy New Year! 献上节日的问候与祝福,愿你拥有一个充满生机和欢乐的新年。 I give you endless brand-new good wishes. Please accept them as a new remembrance of our lasting friendship. 给你我无尽的新的祝福，让它们成为我们永恒友谊的新的纪念。 Good luck and great success in the coming New Year. 祝来年好运，并取得更大的成就。 On the occasion of the New Year, may my wife and I extend to you and yours our warmest greetings, wishing you a happy New Year, your career greater success and your family happiness. 在此新年之际，我同夫人向你及你的家人致以节日的问候，并祝你们新年快乐、事业有成、家庭幸福。 May everything beautiful and best be condensed into this card. I sincerely wish you happiness, cheerfulness and success. 愿一切最美好的祝福都能用这张贺卡表达，真诚地祝你幸福、快乐、成功！
拓展阅读
西方主要节日
Christmas Day圣诞节（12月25日）
Christmas Day falls on the twenty-fifth of December. It is a very happy day for many boys and girls . Before the term ends in some schools , the children act a nativity① or “birth” play, showing how Jesus② was born in a stable③. On the twenty-fourth of December, all children are very excited. Usually they are sent to bed early so that their parents can get the presents ready. The younger children think that Father Christmas will come down the chimney or fireplace , so they hang up a sock for him to put presents in. The greedy ones even hang up a pillow-case④ or a sack⑤ to try to get more presents. Later that night, Father or Mother will put presents in the sock, and leave others at the side of the bed. On Christmas morning, the children wake up very early. Some even turn on the light at two o'clock, and most of them are awake by six o'clock although it is not light in England for another hour or two at this time of the year. Children look for their presents , and the young ones play while the dinner is prepared. At about one o'clock in the afternoon, the Christmas dinner is brought in . The turkey or chicken is quickly eaten . Children search in their Christmas pudding for new coins which are hidden in it . The rest of the day is full of games and eating until the happiest of all Christmas holidays comes to an end.
Thanksgiving Day 感恩节（在美国是11月的第二个星期一）
Almost every culture in the world has held celebrations of thanks for a plentiful harvest. The American Thanksgiving holiday began as a feast of thanksgiving in the early days of the American colonies almost four hundred years ago. In 1620, a boat filled with more than one hundred people sailed across the Atlantic Ocean to settle in the New World（新大陆）. This religious group had begun to question the beliefs of the Church of England and they wanted to separate from it. The Pilgrims settled in what is now the state of Massachusetts. Their first winter in the New World was difficult. They had arrived too late to grow many crops, and without fresh food, half the colony died from disease. The following spring the Iroquois Indians（美国纽约州东北部易洛魁族印第安人）taught them how to grow corn, a new food for the colonists. They showed them other crops to grow in the unfamiliar soil and how to hunt and fish. In the autumn of 1621, bountiful crops of corn, barley（大麦）, beans and pumpkins were harvested. The colonists had much to be thankful for, so a feast was planned. They invited the local Indian chief and 90 Indians. The Indians brought deer to roast with the turkeys and other wild game offered by the colonists. The colonists had learned how to cook cranberries and different kinds of corn and squash dishes from the Indians. To this first Thanksgiving, the Indians had even brought popcorn. In following years, many of the original colonists celebrated the autumn harvest with a feast of thanks. After the United States became an independent country, Congress recommended one yearly day of thanksgiving for the whole nation to celebrate. George Washington suggested the date November 26 as Thanksgiving Day. Then in 1863, at the end of a long and bloody civil war, Abraham Lincoln asked all Americans to set aside the last Thursday in November as a day of thanksgiving. Thanksgiving falls on the fourth Thursday of November, a different date every year. The President must proclaim that date as the official celebration. Thanksgiving is a time for tradition and sharing. Even if they live far away, family members gather for a reunion at the house of an older relative. All give thanks together for the good things that they have. In this spirit of sharing, civic groups and charitable organizations offer a traditional meal to those in need, particularly the homeless. On most tables throughout the United States, foods eaten at the first thanksgiving have become traditional. Symbols of Thanksgiving Turkey, corn, pumpkins and cranberry sauce（酸果曼沙司）are symbols which represent the first Thanksgiving. Now all of these symbols are drawn on holiday decorations and greeting cards. The use of corn meant the survival of the colonies. "Indian corn" as a table or door decoration represents the harvest and the fall season. Sweet-sour cranberry sauce, or cranberry jelly, was on the first Thanksgiving table and is still served today. The cranberry is a small, sour berry. It grows in bogs（沼泽）, or muddy areas, in Massachusetts and other New England states. The Indians used the fruit to treat infections. They used the juice to dye their rugs and blankets. They taught the colonists how to cook the berries with sweetener（甜味佐料）and water to make a sauce. The Indians called it "ibimi" which means "bitter berry." When the colonists saw it, they named it "crane-berry" because the flowers of the berry bent the stalk over, and it resembled the long-necked bird called a crane. The berries are still grown in New England. In 1988, a Thanksgiving ceremony of a different kind took place at the Cathedral of St. John the Divine. More than four thousand people gathered on Thanksgiving night. Among them were Native Americans representing tribes from all over the country and descendants of people whose ancestors had migrated to the New World. The ceremony was a public acknowledgment of the Indians' role in the first Thanksgiving 350 years ago. Until recently most schoolchildren believed that the Pilgrims cooked the entire Thanksgiving feast, and offered it to the Indians. In fact, the feast was planned to thank the Indians for teaching them how to cook those foods. Without the Indians, the first settlers would not have survived
All Fools's Day or April Fools's Day 愚人节
Mark Twain How do you think April Fools' Day originated? Did some joker in biblical times decide to switch the frankincense and the myrrh? Was there a historic epidemic of spring fever-tomfoolery in a tiny Finnish town in the early1800s? Did a New Yorker in 1910 find a cockroach in his coffee cup and decide to recreate the experience for his officemate, thereby sparking a famous April 1 lawsuit? In a convincing testimonial to the saying that truth is stranger than fiction, we'll tell you the story, or at least present the most viable theory, of how April Fools' Day came to be. Once upon a time, back in 16th-century France, before computers, people celebrated New Year's Day on March 25, the advent of spring. It was a festive time. They partied steadily until April 1. In 1564, when the calendar reformed and became Gregorian, King Charles IX proclaimed, perhaps pompously, that New Year's Day should be celebrated on January 1 instead of in the spring. Diehard conservatives resisted the change (or perhaps didn't hear about it due to the absence of e-mail) and continued to celebrate New Year's from March 25 to April 1. During this period of spring festivity, the more flexible French mocked the rigid revelers by sending them foolish gifts and invitations to non-existent parties. The victim of an April Fools' Day prank was called a "poisson d'avril," or an "April fish," because at that time of year, the sun was leaving the zodiacal sign of Pisces. April Fools' Day hit its stride (avoiding the banana peel) in England in the 18th century, and was brought to colonial America by the English, Scottish, and French. No fooling. April Fools Day: An Unsolved History The first of April, some do say, Is set apart for All Fools' Day. But why the people call it so ,Nor I, nor they themselves do know. But on this day are people sent On purpose for pure merriment. -- Poor Robin's Almanac (1790) OK, who started it? Did the first Fools come from France, England, Mexico, Sweden or India? The truth, as in any good mystery, lies hidden in the shadows of time. Some say that April Fools Day began in many parts of the world at the same time, in celebration of the spring equinox. Pranks were a big part of even the most boring equinox parties, everywhere from Sweden to India. Others argue that the modern April Fool's Day followed the adoption of are formed calendar in France circa 1564. In medieval times, the octave of New Year's began on March 25 with the eight days of festivities ending on April 1.With the reform of the calendar under Charles IX, New Year's Day was moved from April 1 to January 1. Due to the slowness of "sandal-net" communication back then and general resistance to change, the January 1date was not fully accepted for several years. Those traditionalists who clung to April 1 as New Year's Day were scoffed at as "fools" and sent fake party invitations and prank gifts. Widespread observance in England began in the 18th century. The English, Scotch and French introduced the custom to their colonies in America. One of our forefathers' favorite jokes was to send someone on a "fool's errand." For example, one might have been asked to go out and obtain a copy of "The History of Adam's Grandfather," or bring back some "sweet vinegar." In Scotland, April Fool’s Day is 48 hours long. The second day is called Taily Day and is dedicated to pranks involving the buttocks. Taily Day's gift to posterior posterity is the still-hilarious "Kick Me" sign. The "foolish" tradition is celebrated in Mexico, too, but on a different day and for different reasons. "El Dia de los Innocentes ," which is December 28, was set aside as a day for Christians to mourn Herod's slaughter of innocent children. Over time, the tone of that "unluckiest of days" has evolved from sadness to good-natured trickery. Even the media join the fun, often running bogus news stories and radio reports. may never learn the true origin of April Fool’s Day. However, the deeper question facing us today is, "What's the best gag I can pull off?"
写作运用
描写文的写作方法与技巧
一、描写文写作指导
描写(Portray)就是用生动、形象的语言把人物、事物、景物等的特征和性质活灵活现地刻画或描绘出来，使读者如见其人，如闻其声，如临其境。为了使人或事物的特征跃然纸上，我们往往在写文章时把叙述和描写结合起来。描写就是形象化的叙述。
(一)描写文的分类
1.就描写对象而言，描写可分为人物描写、景物描写和场面描写等。
人物描写：指描写人物的肖像、语言、动作、心理活动及生活细节等，旨在塑造活灵活现的人物。
景物描写：是指对山川风光、鸟树鱼虫、风花雪月等的描写。
场面描写：指对一个特定时间和地点发生的事情的描写，如劳动场面、会议场面、战斗场面等的描写。
2.就叙述的方式而言，描写又可分为主观描写和客观描写。
如：“这棵树很美。”是主观描写。“这棵树高四米。”是客观描写。
主观描写：在描述人或事物的特征或特性时，也可把自己对此人或事物的看法表现出来。
客观描写：即就事论事。在实际写作中通常是主观描写与客观描写相结合。这样既描绘出事物本身的特性，又能表现出作者的态度和观点。
(二)描写文的语言
1.描写文的语言特征就是大量使用动词和具有定语性质的形容词进行描述，使我们所接触的人或事物能够具体、形象地表现出来。为了使文章更生动，要适当地运用形容词、同义词或派生形容词、副词等，避免重复单调。
2.写好描写文，要求语言具体、准确，以利于表达文章内容。试比较下面两句话。
① He was very, very angry.(他非常非常生气。)
② His face turned red, and one corner of his mouth twitched as he tried to control his anger.(他的脸通红，嘴角抽搐，强压怒火。)
同样是描写“生气”，第②句比第①句描述得具体、准确得多。
(三)描写文的具体写法
1.描写文的写法多种多样，可以先从具体描写某一事物开始，然后再泛写与之相关的其他事物；也可以先写不重要的事物，最后重点突出所要描写的事物；也可以按照事物所处的空间顺序，如前后左右等，来描述事物。
2.灵活运用各种修辞手法。
根据需要恰当地运用比喻、拟人、夸张等修辞手法，使描述更生动、形象，更好地说明问题。如：
He says he is almost as busy as a bee. 他说他忙得团团转。(比喻)
My heart is like a singing bird. 我心情舒畅。(比喻)
3.要写好描写文，既要有丰富的想像力和敏锐的观察力，还要具有语言描写能力。因此，我们在中学阶段应该有意识地努力培养这两种能力。在日常生活中要利用感观，多观察周围的事物，并在英语学习中，进行广泛的阅读，多积累词汇，多占有材料，多做练习。
二、描写文佳作欣赏
［例1］景物描写
请你写一篇文章，描写港口城市青岛，内容要求如下：
① 位于山东省东部。
② 以蓝色的大海，美丽的海滨而闻名，是避暑胜地。
③ 每年夏天有来自全国和世界各地的成千上万的人们到这里沿海漫步、游泳、购物、观赏秀丽景色。
④ 近年来，该城市发生巨大变化，对发展我国对外贸易起到重要作用，成为国际港口城市。
参考词汇：迷人的attractive；别墅villa；东西方风格的Eastern-and-Western-style
参考范文
The City of Qingdao
The city of Qingdao lies in the east of Shandong Province. It is famous for its blue sea and beautiful beaches.
Qingdao is a wonderful place for summer holidays. Tens of thousands of people from all parts of the country and all corners of the world come to visit the city every summer. They walk along the beaches, go swimming in the sea or do some shopping in the stores or on the markets. They can see the fine views of the city. Especially attractive are the building groups of the Eastern-and-Western-style mixed houses and villas.
Great changes have taken place in Qingdao in recent years. It has played an important part in the development of the foreign trade of our country. Its port is busy. Ships from all countries come and go every day. It has become an international port city.
简评
(1)本文引言段是对青岛的概述。第二段描写其海滨的特色和市内建筑的特点。第三段写其港口的景色及其在我国对外贸易中所起的作用。
(2)本文有两种句子结构值得借鉴：其一是平行结构，如第二段中的“all parts of the country and all corners of the world”和“walk along the beaches, go swimming in the sea, or do some shopping in the stores or on the markets”，这种结构能够给人以节奏美的感觉。其二是倒装语序的句子：“Especially attractive are the building groups of the Eastern-and-Western-style mixed houses and villas.”这种句子把表语提到句首，把主语置于句末。如果主语太长时可以这样做，它可以避免头重脚轻的缺陷。英语句法修辞上有一条“句尾重心”的准则，要求把分量重的成分放在句子末尾，以起到强调主要内容的作用。
［例2］人物描写
根据下面内容提示，以“My Good Friends”为题，写一篇150字的描写文。
Tom 和 Jack 虽然完全不同，但他们都是我的好朋友。
Tom 很矮、很胖。他喜欢好的装束。每月在父母给他钱之前，他都把钱花光。他愿意和别人呆在一块，总是很快乐，喜欢说笑话。他特别喜欢参加聚会。他的周围老是围着一群人。他喜欢跳舞、听喧闹的音乐。每次宴会他都要高唱着他喜爱的歌。Tom 是一个特别外向的人。
Jack 在外表、人品和生活习惯上与 Tom 完全不同。他瘦瘦、高高的。他喜欢穿普通的衣服。生活节俭，他每月都能省一些钱。他喜欢安静、独处，很少笑。他是一个很严肃的人。他喜欢读书、画画，做独自旅游。他是个特别内向的人。
参考词汇：特别外向的人a typical extrovert；人品personality；普通的衣服plain clothes；特别内向的人 a typical introvert
参考范文
My Good Friends
Tom and Jack are all my good friends although they are completely different from each other.
Tom is very short and rather fat. He likes to be well dressed. Every month Tom spends all his money before his parents give him some more. Tom enjoys being with people. He’s extremely cheerful all the time and likes to tell jokes. He loves to go to parties, and is always surrounded by people. He likes to dance and to listen to loud music. At every party he sings all his favorite songs at the top of his voice. Tom is a typical extrovert.
Jack is completely different from Tom in looks, personality, and habits. Jack is tall and thin. He likes to wear plain clothes and live frugally. Every month he is able to save some money. Jack likes quietness and to stay alone. He seldom laughs; he is very solemn. He loves reading, painting and travelling alone. He is a typical introvert.
简评
本文用对比的方式将Tom与Jack两个人描写得栩栩如生，第一段点名主题，第二、三段展开叙述，从各个方面描写了两个人的不同特点。层次分明，条理清晰。［例3］场面描写
根据下列内容提示，以“An Exciting Race”为题，写一篇短文，描写一场接力赛比赛的场面。
一年一度的田径运动会召开了。最后一天下午进行的项目是女子400米接力赛。你班的4名同学配合得很好，她们的个人素质也好，再加上你们全班同学给她们鼓劲，她们取得了第一名的好成绩。
参考词汇：准备动作warming-up exercises；发号员starter；发令枪声pistol shot；抓取grab
参考范文
An Exciting Race
Once a year a field and track sports meet is held in our school.
It was the last day of the sports meeting. At about 3 o’clock in the afternoon, there came a voice from the speaker: “Next item is the girl’s 400-metre relay race. Runners please get everything ready!” On hearing this, the four girl runners of our class, Helen, Jane, Nora and Dinah, gathered quickly by the track and did some warming-up exercises. With strong determination, Dinah said to her teammates, “We should win honor for our class and put up a good show.” After some time, teams from six other classes were entered. “On your marks, ”the starter ordered. Then came the pistol shot. At the sound of it, the first runner shot from their starting points. Many eyes turned to a thin sixteen-year-old girl named Helen who started very fast and became the first one. Soon the second runner already moving, grabbed the sticks and raced on. Nora, the third runner had the stick and took the lead. Already running, Dinah reached for the stick. She was flying three or four steps ahead of the others. Dinah urged herself, “Faster! Faster!”We cheered for her, shouting at the top of our voice. Bit by bit, she pulled quite ahead. It was too late for the others to close the gap and we all signed with relief. At the finishing line, Dinah was the first one that reached the end.
At that moment, nothing would have been more exciting. We laughed, shouted, and we were very proud of our heroines. We praised them for their good team work.
简评
本文主要描写女子400米接力赛的场面。作者把这一场面放在一个很长的段落里写，给人以紧凑、紧张、生动、鼓舞人心的感觉。有些描写生动、具体，使读者好像身临其境，如：“There came a voice from the speaker，‘Next item is the girl’s 400-metre relay race. Runners please get everything ready!’”；“...the first runner shot from their starting points”；“Soon the second runner already moving，grabbed the stick and raced on.”等。
Exercise 2
1请你将下列一则体育新闻用英文表达出来。词数： 80左右。
巴西获得今年世界杯足球赛的冠军。这场在日本举行的决赛中，巴西以2∶0击败德国队。大约九万人在现场观看比赛。世界上有数千万人通过电视欣赏到了这场比赛。另外在争夺三、四名比赛中，土耳其队击败韩国队，分数3∶2。
2请你以“My Father”为题，用英语写一篇100字左右的短文，内容如下：
我的父亲是个医生，工作勤勤恳恳，常常早出晚归。他总是为病人着想，为病人解除痛苦，使他们重返生活。我父亲还十分喜欢读书，经常在读书时作笔记，并且自己写了一本书，去年出版了。此外，他还爱好音乐，一天的劳累后，听听音乐，的确是十分轻松愉快的。
3请根据以下提示写一篇题为“A Foreign Student—Anna” 的短文。
安娜是英国人，她身材高大，留着长长的金发，长着一双蓝眼睛。她忠厚、善良，脸上总是带着微笑。人人都喜欢和她交朋友。
我在一次英语晚会上认识了她。她坐在我的旁边，我与她用英语交谈。晚会上她给我们唱英语歌曲。她甜甜的嗓音令我惊叹。
安娜在南京师范大学学中文。她立志要在三年内掌握汉语这门语言。
参考答案
1Brazil has won the Championship of the world cup soccer competition this year. The Brazil team defeated Germany by two to nothing in the world cup final held in Japan. About ninety thousand people watched the game. Tens of thousands of people around the world watched the world cup final on television. Turkey defeated South Korea in the semifinal match for the third place. The score was three to two.
2 My Father
My father is a doctor. He works very hard. He usually gets up early and arrives home late. He always thinks of his patients. He helps the sick people out of trouble and returns them to life again.
My father likes reading very much. He often takes notes while reading a book. He wrote a book himself and got it published last year.
My father also takes great interest in music. After a day’s hard work, listening to music is a joyful and relaxing thing for my father.
Such is my father. I love my father.
3 A Foreign Student—Anna
Anna is from England. She is a tall girl with long golden hair and blue eyes. There is always a smile on her face. She is kind and honest. Everyone likes to make friends with her.
I met Anna at an English evening. I happened to sit beside her. We talked in English freely. At the English evening, she sang some English songs for us. I was surprised at her sweet voice.
Anna is now studying Chinese in Nanjing Normal University. She has made up her mind to master the Chinese language in 3 years.
巩固练习
单项填空
1．Whether an operation should be performed in this case ________ very much on the patient’s conditions.
A．relies B．bases
C．focuses D．depends
2．She devoted herself ________ science, and made great contributions ________ the development of technology.
A．in; to B．to; of
C．in; in D．to; to
3．His heart ________ the/ hearts of the masses.
A．links with B．links to
C．is linked with D．is linked to
4．Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice，________ they knew it to be valuable.
A．as if B．now that
C．even though D．so that
5．The students are going to ________ a lecture on AIDS this Saturday.
A．take part in B．join
C．join in D．attend
6．The good thing about children is that they ______/__ very easily to new environments.
A．adapt B．appeal
C．attach D．apply
7．— How long will the program ________ ?
— About two hours.
A．continue B．last
C．stay D．remain
8．Peter ________ be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general.
A．shall B．should
C．can D．must
9．— Which of the two computer games did you prefer?
— Actually, I didn’t like ________.
A．both of them B．either of them
C．none of them D．neither of them
10．If there is a strike of bus drivers, they ________ walk to school tomorrow.
A．may have to B．must have to
C．may have D．must have
完形填空：
Once a gentleman was traveling on a train. He felt __1__ and got off at a station in search of water. When he reached the water tap (水龙头), the __2__ started. He ran back but __3__ it.
It was getting __4__ and he decided to spend the night at the station. The next morning he asked the ticket office about the next train and was told it would be on the next __5__ . So he decided to find a place for a day’s __6__. He went to the nearby hotels to ask for a room but found __7__ .
At last he __8__ a small house. He asked the __9__ whether he could stay in his house for a day. The owner immediately __10__， then served him food and gave him a room to stay in. __11__ he did not ask anything in return (作为回报)．
At seven, the gentleman heard a __12__ at the door. The owner opened the door. The gentleman saw a man dressed in __13__ /clothes enter the house and __14__ the owner to pay his debts (债务)．
The gentleman came to know that the owner was in need of __15__. The next morning he/ left a pack in the drawer of the room and __16__. When the owner found the pack, he saw that there was a __17__ written to him, which read：“You __18__ me but did not expect anything from me. Yesterday evening I heard the __19__ between you and the stranger and __20__ that you were in need of money. This is what you need.”
1．A. sleepy B．thirsty
C．hungry D．tired
2．A. passenger B．officer
C．tap D．train
3．A. caught B．lost
C．missed D．passed
4．A. dark B．cold
C．hot D．bright
5．A. week B．month
C．hour D．day
6．A. work B．stay
C．fun D．travel
7．A. one B．nobody
C．none D．/lots
答案：C
8．A. built B．repaired
C．enjoyed D．reached
9．A. owner B．manager
C．driver D．guest
10．A. accepted B．changed
C．agreed D．refused
11．A. So B．But
C．Because D．Unless
答案：B
12．A. knock B．sound
C．noise D．call
13．A. cheap B．strange
C．expensive D．dirty
14．A. invited B．hated
C．asked D．promised
15．A. advice B．money
C．time D．water
16．A. stayed up B．came up C．gave in D．went away
17．A. note B．story
C．diary D．joke
18．A. cheated B．supported
C．helped D．understood
19．A. quarrel B．conversation
C．bargain D．discussion
20．A. planned B．explained
C．hoped D．learned
阅读理解
Sweetest Day is celebrated on the third Saturday in October as a day to make someone happy. It is an occasion which offers all of us an opportunity to remember not only the sick, the aged, and children who have lost their parents, but also friends, workmates, relatives and neighbors whose helpfulness and kindness we have enjoyed.
Over 60 years ago, when a Cleveland man noticed that some people, such as children who lost their parents and patients who lay in bed, too often felt forgotten and neglected he developed in his mind the idea of showing them that they were remembered. He did this by giving them small gifts. With the help of his friends and neighbors, he gave those people small gifts on a Saturday in October. During the years that followed, other Clevelanders began to take part in the celebration, which came to be called “Sweetest Day”. Over time, the Sweetest Day idea of spreading cheer to the poor, the sick and children who had lost their parents was broadened to include everyone, and became an occasion for remembering others with a kind act or a small gift. Soon the idea spread to other cities all over the USA.
Sweetest Day is not based on any single group’s religious (宗教的) beliefs or on a family relationship. It is a reminder that a thoughtful word or deed enriches life and gives it meaning. Because for many people remembering takes the form of gift giving, Sweetest Day offers us the opportunity to show others that we care, in a positive way.
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了“美国甜蜜日”的时间、内容、起源以及这个节日的现实意义。
1．What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A．Sweetest Day is a day to make others happy.
B．Sweetest Day is just an occasion to care about disabled people.
C．Sweetest Day is an occasion for lovers to express love.
D．Sweetest Day is celebrated on the third Sunday in October.
2．Which of the following has little relationship to Sweetest Day?
A．Visiting sick people of the hospital.
B．Visiting children who have lost their parents.
C．Giving friends s/mall gifts.
D．Giving flowers to sweethearts.
3．What is Cleveland?
A．An island. B．A country.
C．A village in England. D．A city in America.
4．The underlined word “neglected” in the second paragraph means “________ ”．
A．remembered B．hated
C．paid little or no attention to
D．disappointed
语法填空
Many people may think it’s ridiculous that animals should have their feelings. In fact, animals’ feelings are sometimes even 1 (warm) than we can imagine.
Savanah, 2 one-and-a-half-year-old leopard, and Max, a dog who is just a few weeks younger, have become the best friends at Ohio Zoo. They get along quite well 3 each other and chase after each other all the time cheerfully. 4 Savanah was just 10 weeks old, they have been put together. From then on, their friendship has amazed large numbers of 5 (visit) to the zoo.
Another moving story 6 (occur) in Turkey. Winter was sweeping the Northern Hemisphere, but perhaps no one had been hit as hard by freezing temperatures 7 5 donkeys in Turkey. The unattended (/无人照顾的) donkeys in a small Turkish village were covered by snow, with icicles (冰柱) 8 (hang) off their bodies. Later, a rescue team found the donkeys, some of 9 , however, were so frozen t/hat they couldn’t move and had to be carried away by a truck. 10 being housed in a warm shelter, all the donkeys were “defrosted (解冻)” and alive because of their strong determination.
答案解析：
单项填空
1．解析：表示“依靠”时，depend on 和 rely on 可以互换，但在本句中 depend on 意为“取决于，视……情况而定”。base on 表示“以……为根据”。句意：在这种情况下，是否实施手术在很大程度上要看病人的状况。答案：D
2．解析：考查介词。句意：她致力于科学，并且在科技发展方面作出了重大贡献。 devote oneself to sth. “致力于”； make contributions to “对……作出贡献”。故选D。答案：D
3．解析：句意：他的心同人民大众的心连在一起。link sth. with sth. “把某事和某事连接起来”，被动式是 sth. be linked with sth.。答案：C
4．解析：考查连词的用法。句意：他们中的许多人不听他的建议，尽管他们知道那很有价值。as if“好像”；now that“既然”；so that“结果”；even though“尽管”，符合句意。答案：C
5．解析：句意：这些学生准备本周六去听一个关于艾滋病的报告。attend a lecture“听报告”。答案：D
6．解析：句意：对于孩子们来说好的一点是他们很容易适应新环境。adapt to “适应”；appeal to “呼吁”；attach to “与……有联系”；apply to “向……申请”。根据句意可知本题选A。答案：A
7．解析：last “持续”，此处表示“节目要持续多久”。 continue “继续”；/stay “保持下去，持久，坚持”；remain 表示仍留在原处或保持原来的状态。答案：B
8．解析：句意：尽管彼得总的来说是一个好人，但是有时也会很难缠。 can 表示推测且用于肯定句时，意为“有时可能”，符合题意。 shall “将，会”；should “应该/”；must “必须”，均与题意不符。答案：C
9．解析：考查部分否定与全部否定。I didn’t like either of them.相当于 I liked neither of them。答案：B
10．解析：have /to意为“不得不”。可以用在may之后，但是不能用在must之后答案：A
完形填空
1．解析：由下文的 in search of water 以及 reached the water tap可知他感到“口渴(thirsty)”。答案：B
2．解析：由文章第一句话中“乘火车旅行”可知。答案：D
3．解析：由下文的 asked the ticket office about the next train 可知在这位先生刚到达水龙头处时，“火车(train)”开了，他跑回去，但还是“错过了(missed)”。答案：C
4．解析：天“黑(dark)”了，他决定在车站过夜。下文的spend the night 是提示。答案：A
5．解析：由下文的 find a place for a day’s 可知下趟火车是在第二天。答案：D
6．解析：由下文的ask for a room 可知他决定找个地方“住(stay)”一晚上。答案：B
7．解析：转折连词but 说明他到附近的旅社去找房间，可是“没有找到(none)”。下段的 At last 之后的内容也是提示。答案：C
8．解析：最后，他“来到(reached)”一个很小的房子。答案：D
9．解析：由 stay in his house 可知他问房屋的“主人(owner)”是否可以住一晚。答案：A
10．解析：下文的 served him food and gave him a room to stay 可知房主“同意了(agreed)”。答案：C
11．解析：由下文的but did not expect anything from me 可推知此处上下句之间为转折关系。答案：B
12．解析：由The owner opened the door 可知听到“敲门声(knock)”。答案：A
13．解析：由 pay his debts 推知敲门的人应该是身着华丽，很有钱。答案：C
14．解析：来人“要求(/asked)”/ 房主偿还所欠的债务。答案：C
15．解析：由 debts 可知房主需要“钱(money)”。下文的you were in need of money也是提示。答案：B
16．解析：由left 一词以及下文他的留言可知绅士留下一个包裹，然后就“离开了(went away)”。答案：D
17．解析：由下文便条的内容可知。答案：A
18．解析：房主看到有一张“便条(note)”， 上面写着“你帮助了(helped)我，却不索要任何东西。”答案：C
19．解析：由上文内容可知，此处指的是“两个人之间的交谈”。答案：B
20．解析：昨天“我”听到了你和陌生人之间的“谈话(conversation)”，“知道(learned)”你需要一笔钱。答案：D
阅读理解
1．解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段的第一句话可知，“甜蜜日”目的是让人们能够开心。答案：A
2．解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，在 Sweetest Day, 人们会关注那些病人、孤儿，会给亲朋送上小礼物，但文章没有提到要给恋人送花。答案：D
3．解析：推理判断题。根据第二段可知， a Cleveland man 最先发起这项活动，随后 other Clevelanders 也加入进来，从本段最后一句话可知，这项活动很快推广到整个美国，故可以推断 Cleveland 为美国的一个城市。答案：D
4．解析：词义猜测题。 neglect “忽视”，答案：C
语法填空
1. warmer。根据后文的than可知，此处需要一个形容词的比较级形式，表“更温暖的，更热情的”，故填warmer。
2. a。此处需填不定冠词a表泛指。
3. with。此处get along with是固定搭配, 表“与……相处”，故填with。
4. Since。主句用现在完成时，由since引导的从句用一般过去时，故填Since。
5. visitors。此处是visit的词形变化，表“游客”，故填visitors。
6. occurred。根据下文可知，此处需要谓语动词的过去式，故填occurred。
7. as。此处as…as是固定搭配，表“和……一样”，故填as。
8. hanging。此处是with＋名词＋V-ing结构，需要一个非谓语动词的主动形式，表“悬挂”，故填hanging。
9. which。此处是定语从句，which指代上文的donkeys。
10. After。根据上下文可知，此处表“被收留在一处温暖的处所后”，故填After。
语言积累：
交际用语：
讨论未来的计划（Talking about future plans）： 1. When are you leaving? 你什么时候走？ 2. Where are you staying? 你打算待在哪儿？ 3. How are you going to...? 你打算怎么去……？ 4. How long are you staying in...? 你打算在……待多长时间？ 5. When are you arriving in/ at...? 你什么时候到达……？ 6. When are you coming back? 你什么时候返回？ 7. I’m thinking of... 我想着…… 8. I’d like to... 我想要…… 9. I’d love to... 我想要…… 10. I’d rather... 我宁愿…… 11. I want/ wish/ hope/ intend/ plan to... 我想要…… 12. I feel like (doing)... 我想…… 13. I prefer... 我更愿意…… 14. I hope/ expect that.... 我希望…… 15. My plan/ hope is to.... 我的计划/希望是…… 16. I have dreamed of.... 我梦想着…… 17. I have been looking forward to.... 我一直盼望着…… 18. I have decided to.... 我已经决定…… 18. I am ready to... 我已经准备好做…… 祝愿和告别（Good wishes and farewells）： 1. Good luck！ 祝你好运！ 2. Best wishes to you. 祝福你。 3. I wish you good luck/success！ 祝你好运/成功！ 4. Good journey（to you）！ （祝你）一路顺风！ 5. Have a good trip. 祝旅途愉快。/一路平安。 6. Have a nice/good time. 祝你过得愉快。 7. Congratulations！ 祝贺你！ 8. I'd like to congratulate you on… 祝贺你…… 9. Have fun! 玩得开心！ 10. Take care. 多保重！ 11. Write to me. 给我写信。 12. Give my love/ best wishes to... 替我问候……
话题词句
圣诞节/新年英文祝福语
Good luck, good health, hood cheer. I wish you a happy New Year. 祝好运、健康、佳肴伴你度过一个快乐新年。 With best wishes for a happy New Year! 祝新年快乐，并致以良好的祝福。 I hope you have a most happy and prosperous New Year. 谨祝新年快乐幸福，大吉大利。 With the compliments of the season. 祝贺佳节。 May the season's joy fill you all the year round. 愿节日的愉快伴你一生。 Season's greetings and best wishes for the New Year. 祝福您，新年快乐。 Please accept my season's greetings. 请接受我节日的祝贺。 To wish you joy at this holy season. Wishing every happiness will always be with you. 恭祝新年吉祥，幸福和欢乐与你同在。 Good health, good luck and much happiness throughout the year. 恭祝健康、幸运，新年快乐。 May the joy and happiness around you today and always. 愿快乐幸福永伴你左右。 Please accept my sincere wishes for the New Year. I hope you will continue to enjoy good health. 请接受我诚挚的新年祝福，顺祝身体健康。 Allow me to congratulate you on the arrival of the New Year and to extend to you all my best wishes for your perfect health and lasting prosperity. 恭贺新禧，祝身体健康、事业发达。 Best wishes for the holidays and happiness throughout the New Year. 恭贺新禧，万事如意。 With very best wishes for your happiness in the New Year. 致以最良好的祝福，原你新年快乐幸福。 Please accept our wishes for you and yours for a happy New Year. 请接受我们对你及你全家的美好祝福，祝你们新年快乐。 May the coming New Year bring you joy, love and peace. 愿新年为你带来快乐，友爱和宁静。 Wishing you happiness during the holidays and throughout the New Year. 祝节日快乐，新年幸福。 A happy New Year to you. 恭贺新年。 Season's greetings and sincere wishes for a bright and happy New Year! 献上节日的问候与祝福,愿你拥有一个充满生机和欢乐的新年。 I give you endless brand-new good wishes. Please accept them as a new remembrance of our lasting friendship. 给你我无尽的新的祝福，让它们成为我们永恒友谊的新的纪念。 Good luck and great success in the coming New Year. 祝来年好运，并取得更大的成就。 On the occasion of the New Year, may my wife and I extend to you and yours our warmest greetings, wishing you a happy New Year, your career greater success and your family happiness. 在此新年之际，我同夫人向你及你的家人致以节日的问候，并祝你们新年快乐、事业有成、家庭幸福。 May everything beautiful and best be condensed into this card. I sincerely wish you happiness, cheerfulness and success. 愿一切最美好的祝福都能用这张贺卡表达，真诚地祝你幸福、快乐、成功！
拓展阅读
西方主要节日
Christmas Day圣诞节（12月25日）
Christmas Day falls on the twenty-fifth of December. It is a very happy day for many boys and girls . Before the term ends in some schools , the children act a nativity① or “birth” play, showing how Jesus② was born in a stable③. On the twenty-fourth of December, all children are very excited. Usually they are sent to bed early so that their parents can get the presents ready. The younger children think that Father Christmas will come down the chimney or fireplace , so they hang up a sock for him to put presents in. The greedy ones even hang up a pillow-case④ or a sack⑤ to try to get more presents. Later that night, Father or Mother will put presents in the sock, and leave others at the side of the bed. On Christmas morning, the children wake up very early. Some even turn on the light at two o'clock, and most of them are awake by six o'clock although it is not light in England for another hour or two at this time of the year. Children look for their presents , and the young ones play while the dinner is prepared. At about one o'clock in the afternoon, the Christmas dinner is brought in . The turkey or chicken is quickly eaten . Children search in their Christmas pudding for new coins which are hidden in it . The rest of the day is full of games and eating until the happiest of all Christmas holidays comes to an end.
Thanksgiving Day 感恩节（在美国是11月的第二个星期一）
Almost every culture in the world has held celebrations of thanks for a plentiful harvest. The American Thanksgiving holiday began as a feast of thanksgiving in the early days of the American colonies almost four hundred years ago. In 1620, a boat filled with more than one hundred people sailed across the Atlantic Ocean to settle in the New World（新大陆）. This religious group had begun to question the beliefs of the Church of England and they wanted to separate from it. The Pilgrims settled in what is now the state of Massachusetts. Their first winter in the New World was difficult. They had arrived too late to grow many crops, and without fresh food, half the colony died from disease. The following spring the Iroquois Indians（美国纽约州东北部易洛魁族印第安人）taught them how to grow corn, a new food for the colonists. They showed them other crops to grow in the unfamiliar soil and how to hunt and fish. In the autumn of 1621, bountiful crops of corn, barley（大麦）, beans and pumpkins were harvested. The colonists had much to be thankful for, so a feast was planned. They invited the local Indian chief and 90 Indians. The Indians brought deer to roast with the turkeys and other wild game offered by the colonists. The colonists had learned how to cook cranberries and different kinds of corn and squash dishes from the Indians. To this first Thanksgiving, the Indians had even brought popcorn. In following years, many of the original colonists celebrated the autumn harvest with a feast of thanks. After the United States became an independent country, Congress recommended one yearly day of thanksgiving for the whole nation to celebrate. George Washington suggested the date November 26 as Thanksgiving Day. Then in 1863, at the end of a long and bloody civil war, Abraham Lincoln asked all Americans to set aside the last Thursday in November as a day of thanksgiving. Thanksgiving falls on the fourth Thursday of November, a different date every year. The President must proclaim that date as the official celebration. Thanksgiving is a time for tradition and sharing. Even if they live far away, family members gather for a reunion at the house of an older relative. All give thanks together for the good things that they have. In this spirit of sharing, civic groups and charitable organizations offer a traditional meal to those in need, particularly the homeless. On most tables throughout the United States, foods eaten at the first thanksgiving have become traditional. Symbols of Thanksgiving Turkey, corn, pumpkins and cranberry sauce（酸果曼沙司）are symbols which represent the first Thanksgiving. Now all of these symbols are drawn on holiday decorations and greeting cards. The use of corn meant the survival of the colonies. "Indian corn" as a table or door decoration represents the harvest and the fall season. Sweet-sour cranberry sauce, or cranberry jelly, was on the first Thanksgiving table and is still served today. The cranberry is a small, sour berry. It grows in bogs（沼泽）, or muddy areas, in Massachusetts and other New England states. The Indians used the fruit to treat infections. They used the juice to dye their rugs and blankets. They taught the colonists how to cook the berries with sweetener（甜味佐料）and water to make a sauce. The Indians called it "ibimi" which means "bitter berry." When the colonists saw it, they named it "crane-berry" because the flowers of the berry bent the stalk over, and it resembled the long-necked bird called a crane. The berries are still grown in New England. In 1988, a Thanksgiving ceremony of a different kind took place at the Cathedral of St. John the Divine. More than four thousand people gathered on Thanksgiving night. Among them were Native Americans representing tribes from all over the country and descendants of people whose ancestors had migrated to the New World. The ceremony was a public acknowledgment of the Indians' role in the first Thanksgiving 350 years ago. Until recently most schoolchildren believed that the Pilgrims cooked the entire Thanksgiving feast, and offered it to the Indians. In fact, the feast was planned to thank the Indians for teaching them how to cook those foods. Without the Indians, the first settlers would not have survived
All Fools's Day or April Fools's Day 愚人节
Mark Twain How do you think April Fools' Day originated? Did some joker in biblical times decide to switch the frankincense and the myrrh? Was there a historic epidemic of spring fever-tomfoolery in a tiny Finnish town in the early1800s? Did a New Yorker in 1910 find a cockroach in his coffee cup and decide to recreate the experience for his officemate, thereby sparking a famous April 1 lawsuit? In a convincing testimonial to the saying that truth is stranger than fiction, we'll tell you the story, or at least present the most viable theory, of how April Fools' Day came to be. Once upon a time, back in 16th-century France, before computers, people celebrated New Year's Day on March 25, the advent of spring. It was a festive time. They partied steadily until April 1. In 1564, when the calendar reformed and became Gregorian, King Charles IX proclaimed, perhaps pompously, that New Year's Day should be celebrated on January 1 instead of in the spring. Diehard conservatives resisted the change (or perhaps didn't hear about it due to the absence of e-mail) and continued to celebrate New Year's from March 25 to April 1. During this period of spring festivity, the more flexible French mocked the rigid revelers by sending them foolish gifts and invitations to non-existent parties. The victim of an April Fools' Day prank was called a "poisson d'avril," or an "April fish," because at that time of year, the sun was leaving the zodiacal sign of Pisces. April Fools' Day hit its stride (avoiding the banana peel) in England in the 18th century, and was brought to colonial America by the English, Scottish, and French. No fooling. April Fools Day: An Unsolved History The first of April, some do say, Is set apart for All Fools' Day. But why the people call it so ,Nor I, nor they themselves do know. But on this day are people sent On purpose for pure merriment. -- Poor Robin's Almanac (1790) OK, who started it? Did the first Fools come from France, England, Mexico, Sweden or India? The truth, as in any good mystery, lies hidden in the shadows of time. Some say that April Fools Day began in many parts of the world at the same time, in celebration of the spring equinox. Pranks were a big part of even the most boring equinox parties, everywhere from Sweden to India. Others argue that the modern April Fool's Day followed the adoption of are formed calendar in France circa 1564. In medieval times, the octave of New Year's began on March 25 with the eight days of festivities ending on April 1.With the reform of the calendar under Charles IX, New Year's Day was moved from April 1 to January 1. Due to the slowness of "sandal-net" communication back then and general resistance to change, the January 1date was not fully accepted for several years. Those traditionalists who clung to April 1 as New Year's Day were scoffed at as "fools" and sent fake party invitations and prank gifts. Widespread observance in England began in the 18th century. The English, Scotch and French introduced the custom to their colonies in America. One of our forefathers' favorite jokes was to send someone on a "fool's errand." For example, one might have been asked to go out and obtain a copy of "The History of Adam's Grandfather," or bring back some "sweet vinegar." In Scotland, April Fool’s Day is 48 hours long. The second day is called Taily Day and is dedicated to pranks involving the buttocks. Taily Day's gift to posterior posterity is the still-hilarious "Kick Me" sign. The "foolish" tradition is celebrated in Mexico, too, but on a different day and for different reasons. "El Dia de los Innocentes ," which is December 28, was set aside as a day for Christians to mourn Herod's slaughter of innocent children. Over time, the tone of that "unluckiest of days" has evolved from sadness to good-natured trickery. Even the media join the fun, often running bogus news stories and radio reports. may never learn the true origin of April Fool’s Day. However, the deeper question facing us today is, "What's the best gag I can pull off?"
写作运用
描写文的写作方法与技巧
一、描写文写作指导
描写(Portray)就是用生动、形象的语言把人物、事物、景物等的特征和性质活灵活现地刻画或描绘出来，使读者如见其人，如闻其声，如临其境。为了使人或事物的特征跃然纸上，我们往往在写文章时把叙述和描写结合起来。描写就是形象化的叙述。
(一)描写文的分类
1.就描写对象而言，描写可分为人物描写、景物描写和场面描写等。
人物描写：指描写人物的肖像、语言、动作、心理活动及生活细节等，旨在塑造活灵活现的人物。
景物描写：是指对山川风光、鸟树鱼虫、风花雪月等的描写。
场面描写：指对一个特定时间和地点发生的事情的描写，如劳动场面、会议场面、战斗场面等的描写。
2.就叙述的方式而言，描写又可分为主观描写和客观描写。
如：“这棵树很美。”是主观描写。“这棵树高四米。”是客观描写。
主观描写：在描述人或事物的特征或特性时，也可把自己对此人或事物的看法表现出来。
客观描写：即就事论事。在实际写作中通常是主观描写与客观描写相结合。这样既描绘出事物本身的特性，又能表现出作者的态度和观点。
(二)描写文的语言
1.描写文的语言特征就是大量使用动词和具有定语性质的形容词进行描述，使我们所接触的人或事物能够具体、形象地表现出来。为了使文章更生动，要适当地运用形容词、同义词或派生形容词、副词等，避免重复单调。
2.写好描写文，要求语言具体、准确，以利于表达文章内容。试比较下面两句话。
① He was very, very angry.(他非常非常生气。)
② His face turned red, and one corner of his mouth twitched as he tried to control his anger.(他的脸通红，嘴角抽搐，强压怒火。)
同样是描写“生气”，第②句比第①句描述得具体、准确得多。
(三)描写文的具体写法
1.描写文的写法多种多样，可以先从具体描写某一事物开始，然后再泛写与之相关的其他事物；也可以先写不重要的事物，最后重点突出所要描写的事物；也可以按照事物所处的空间顺序，如前后左右等，来描述事物。
2.灵活运用各种修辞手法。
根据需要恰当地运用比喻、拟人、夸张等修辞手法，使描述更生动、形象，更好地说明问题。如：
He says he is almost as busy as a bee. 他说他忙得团团转。(比喻)
My heart is like a singing bird. 我心情舒畅。(比喻)
3.要写好描写文，既要有丰富的想像力和敏锐的观察力，还要具有语言描写能力。因此，我们在中学阶段应该有意识地努力培养这两种能力。在日常生活中要利用感观，多观察周围的事物，并在英语学习中，进行广泛的阅读，多积累词汇，多占有材料，多做练习。
二、描写文佳作欣赏
［例1］景物描写
请你写一篇文章，描写港口城市青岛，内容要求如下：
① 位于山东省东部。
② 以蓝色的大海，美丽的海滨而闻名，是避暑胜地。
③ 每年夏天有来自全国和世界各地的成千上万的人们到这里沿海漫步、游泳、购物、观赏秀丽景色。
④ 近年来，该城市发生巨大变化，对发展我国对外贸易起到重要作用，成为国际港口城市。
参考词汇：迷人的attractive；别墅villa；东西方风格的Eastern-and-Western-style
参考范文
The City of Qingdao
The city of Qingdao lies in the east of Shandong Province. It is famous for its blue sea and beautiful beaches.
Qingdao is a wonderful place for summer holidays. Tens of thousands of people from all parts of the country and all corners of the world come to visit the city every summer. They walk along the beaches, go swimming in the sea or do some shopping in the stores or on the markets. They can see the fine views of the city. Especially attractive are the building groups of the Eastern-and-Western-style mixed houses and villas.
Great changes have taken place in Qingdao in recent years. It has played an important part in the development of the foreign trade of our country. Its port is busy. Ships from all countries come and go every day. It has become an international port city.
简评
(1)本文引言段是对青岛的概述。第二段描写其海滨的特色和市内建筑的特点。第三段写其港口的景色及其在我国对外贸易中所起的作用。
(2)本文有两种句子结构值得借鉴：其一是平行结构，如第二段中的“all parts of the country and all corners of the world”和“walk along the beaches, go swimming in the sea, or do some shopping in the stores or on the markets”，这种结构能够给人以节奏美的感觉。其二是倒装语序的句子：“Especially attractive are the building groups of the Eastern-and-Western-style mixed houses and villas.”这种句子把表语提到句首，把主语置于句末。如果主语太长时可以这样做，它可以避免头重脚轻的缺陷。英语句法修辞上有一条“句尾重心”的准则，要求把分量重的成分放在句子末尾，以起到强调主要内容的作用。
［例2］人物描写
根据下面内容提示，以“My Good Friends”为题，写一篇150字的描写文。
Tom 和 Jack 虽然完全不同，但他们都是我的好朋友。
Tom 很矮、很胖。他喜欢好的装束。每月在父母给他钱之前，他都把钱花光。他愿意和别人呆在一块，总是很快乐，喜欢说笑话。他特别喜欢参加聚会。他的周围老是围着一群人。他喜欢跳舞、听喧闹的音乐。每次宴会他都要高唱着他喜爱的歌。Tom 是一个特别外向的人。
Jack 在外表、人品和生活习惯上与 Tom 完全不同。他瘦瘦、高高的。他喜欢穿普通的衣服。生活节俭，他每月都能省一些钱。他喜欢安静、独处，很少笑。他是一个很严肃的人。他喜欢读书、画画，做独自旅游。他是个特别内向的人。
参考词汇：特别外向的人a typical extrovert；人品personality；普通的衣服plain clothes；特别内向的人 a typical introvert
参考范文
My Good Friends
Tom and Jack are all my good friends although they are completely different from each other.
Tom is very short and rather fat. He likes to be well dressed. Every month Tom spends all his money before his parents give him some more. Tom enjoys being with people. He’s extremely cheerful all the time and likes to tell jokes. He loves to go to parties, and is always surrounded by people. He likes to dance and to listen to loud music. At every party he sings all his favorite songs at the top of his voice. Tom is a typical extrovert.
Jack is completely different from Tom in looks, personality, and habits. Jack is tall and thin. He likes to wear plain clothes and live frugally. Every month he is able to save some money. Jack likes quietness and to stay alone. He seldom laughs; he is very solemn. He loves reading, painting and travelling alone. He is a typical introvert.
简评
本文用对比的方式将Tom与Jack两个人描写得栩栩如生，第一段点名主题，第二、三段展开叙述，从各个方面描写了两个人的不同特点。层次分明，条理清晰。［例3］场面描写
根据下列内容提示，以“An Exciting Race”为题，写一篇短文，描写一场接力赛比赛的场面。
一年一度的田径运动会召开了。最后一天下午进行的项目是女子400米接力赛。你班的4名同学配合得很好，她们的个人素质也好，再加上你们全班同学给她们鼓劲，她们取得了第一名的好成绩。
参考词汇：准备动作warming-up exercises；发号员starter；发令枪声pistol shot；抓取grab
参考范文
An Exciting Race
Once a year a field and track sports meet is held in our school.
It was the last day of the sports meeting. At about 3 o’clock in the afternoon, there came a voice from the speaker: “Next item is the girl’s 400-metre relay race. Runners please get everything ready!” On hearing this, the four girl runners of our class, Helen, Jane, Nora and Dinah, gathered quickly by the track and did some warming-up exercises. With strong determination, Dinah said to her teammates, “We should win honor for our class and put up a good show.” After some time, teams from six other classes were entered. “On your marks, ”the starter ordered. Then came the pistol shot. At the sound of it, the first runner shot from their starting points. Many eyes turned to a thin sixteen-year-old girl named Helen who started very fast and became the first one. Soon the second runner already moving, grabbed the sticks and raced on. Nora, the third runner had the stick and took the lead. Already running, Dinah reached for the stick. She was flying three or four steps ahead of the others. Dinah urged herself, “Faster! Faster!”We cheered for her, shouting at the top of our voice. Bit by bit, she pulled quite ahead. It was too late for the others to close the gap and we all signed with relief. At the finishing line, Dinah was the first one that reached the end.
At that moment, nothing would have been more exciting. We laughed, shouted, and we were very proud of our heroines. We praised them for their good team work.
简评
本文主要描写女子400米接力赛的场面。作者把这一场面放在一个很长的段落里写，给人以紧凑、紧张、生动、鼓舞人心的感觉。有些描写生动、具体，使读者好像身临其境，如：“There came a voice from the speaker，‘Next item is the girl’s 400-metre relay race. Runners please get everything ready!’”；“...the first runner shot from their starting points”；“Soon the second runner already moving，grabbed the stick and raced on.”等。
Exercise 2
1请你将下列一则体育新闻用英文表达出来。词数： 80左右。
巴西获得今年世界杯足球赛的冠军。这场在日本举行的决赛中，巴西以2∶0击败德国队。大约九万人在现场观看比赛。世界上有数千万人通过电视欣赏到了这场比赛。另外在争夺三、四名比赛中，土耳其队击败韩国队，分数3∶2。
2请你以“My Father”为题，用英语写一篇100字左右的短文，内容如下：
我的父亲是个医生，工作勤勤恳恳，常常早出晚归。他总是为病人着想，为病人解除痛苦，使他们重返生活。我父亲还十分喜欢读书，经常在读书时作笔记，并且自己写了一本书，去年出版了。此外，他还爱好音乐，一天的劳累后，听听音乐，的确是十分轻松愉快的。
3请根据以下提示写一篇题为“A Foreign Student—Anna” 的短文。
安娜是英国人，她身材高大，留着长长的金发，长着一双蓝眼睛。她忠厚、善良，脸上总是带着微笑。人人都喜欢和她交朋友。
我在一次英语晚会上认识了她。她坐在我的旁边，我与她用英语交谈。晚会上她给我们唱英语歌曲。她甜甜的嗓音令我惊叹。
安娜在南京师范大学学中文。她立志要在三年内掌握汉语这门语言。
参考答案
1Brazil has won the Championship of the world cup soccer competition this year. The Brazil team defeated Germany by two to nothing in the world cup final held in Japan. About ninety thousand people watched the game. Tens of thousands of people around the world watched the world cup final on television. Turkey defeated South Korea in the semifinal match for the third place. The score was three to two.
2 My Father
My father is a doctor. He works very hard. He usually gets up early and arrives home late. He always thinks of his patients. He helps the sick people out of trouble and returns them to life again.
My father likes reading very much. He often takes notes while reading a book. He wrote a book himself and got it published last year.
My father also takes great interest in music. After a day’s hard work, listening to music is a joyful and relaxing thing for my father.
Such is my father. I love my father.
3 A Foreign Student—Anna
Anna is from England. She is a tall girl with long golden hair and blue eyes. There is always a smile on her face. She is kind and honest. Everyone likes to make friends with her.
I met Anna at an English evening. I happened to sit beside her. We talked in English freely. At the English evening, she sang some English songs for us. I was surprised at her sweet voice.
Anna is now studying Chinese in Nanjing Normal University. She has made up her mind to master the Chinese language in 3 years.
巩固练习
单项填空
1．Whether an operation should be performed in this case ________ very much on the patient’s conditions.
A．relies B．bases
C．focuses D．depends
2．She devoted herself ________ science, and made great contributions ________ the development of technology.
A．in; to B．to; of
C．in; in D．to; to
3．His heart ________ the/ hearts of the masses.
A．links with B．links to
C．is linked with D．is linked to
4．Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice，________ they knew it to be valuable.
A．as if B．now that
C．even though D．so that
5．The students are going to ________ a lecture on AIDS this Saturday.
A．take part in B．join
C．join in D．attend
6．The good thing about children is that they ______/__ very easily to new environments.
A．adapt B．appeal
C．attach D．apply
7．— How long will the program ________ ?
— About two hours.
A．continue B．last
C．stay D．remain
8．Peter ________ be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general.
A．shall B．should
C．can D．must
9．— Which of the two computer games did you prefer?
— Actually, I didn’t like ________.
A．both of them B．either of them
C．none of them D．neither of them
10．If there is a strike of bus drivers, they ________ walk to school tomorrow.
A．may have to B．must have to
C．may have D．must have
完形填空：
Once a gentleman was traveling on a train. He felt __1__ and got off at a station in search of water. When he reached the water tap (水龙头), the __2__ started. He ran back but __3__ it.
It was getting __4__ and he decided to spend the night at the station. The next morning he asked the ticket office about the next train and was told it would be on the next __5__ . So he decided to find a place for a day’s __6__. He went to the nearby hotels to ask for a room but found __7__ .
At last he __8__ a small house. He asked the __9__ whether he could stay in his house for a day. The owner immediately __10__， then served him food and gave him a room to stay in. __11__ he did not ask anything in return (作为回报)．
At seven, the gentleman heard a __12__ at the door. The owner opened the door. The gentleman saw a man dressed in __13__ /clothes enter the house and __14__ the owner to pay his debts (债务)．
The gentleman came to know that the owner was in need of __15__. The next morning he/ left a pack in the drawer of the room and __16__. When the owner found the pack, he saw that there was a __17__ written to him, which read：“You __18__ me but did not expect anything from me. Yesterday evening I heard the __19__ between you and the stranger and __20__ that you were in need of money. This is what you need.”
1．A. sleepy B．thirsty
C．hungry D．tired
2．A. passenger B．officer
C．tap D．train
3．A. caught B．lost
C．missed D．passed
4．A. dark B．cold
C．hot D．bright
5．A. week B．month
C．hour D．day
6．A. work B．stay
C．fun D．travel
7．A. one B．nobody
C．none D．/lots
答案：C
8．A. built B．repaired
C．enjoyed D．reached
9．A. owner B．manager
C．driver D．guest
10．A. accepted B．changed
C．agreed D．refused
11．A. So B．But
C．Because D．Unless
答案：B
12．A. knock B．sound
C．noise D．call
13．A. cheap B．strange
C．expensive D．dirty
14．A. invited B．hated
C．asked D．promised
15．A. advice B．money
C．time D．water
16．A. stayed up B．came up C．gave in D．went away
17．A. note B．story
C．diary D．joke
18．A. cheated B．supported
C．helped D．understood
19．A. quarrel B．conversation
C．bargain D．discussion
20．A. planned B．explained
C．hoped D．learned
阅读理解
Sweetest Day is celebrated on the third Saturday in October as a day to make someone happy. It is an occasion which offers all of us an opportunity to remember not only the sick, the aged, and children who have lost their parents, but also friends, workmates, relatives and neighbors whose helpfulness and kindness we have enjoyed.
Over 60 years ago, when a Cleveland man noticed that some people, such as children who lost their parents and patients who lay in bed, too often felt forgotten and neglected he developed in his mind the idea of showing them that they were remembered. He did this by giving them small gifts. With the help of his friends and neighbors, he gave those people small gifts on a Saturday in October. During the years that followed, other Clevelanders began to take part in the celebration, which came to be called “Sweetest Day”. Over time, the Sweetest Day idea of spreading cheer to the poor, the sick and children who had lost their parents was broadened to include everyone, and became an occasion for remembering others with a kind act or a small gift. Soon the idea spread to other cities all over the USA.
Sweetest Day is not based on any single group’s religious (宗教的) beliefs or on a family relationship. It is a reminder that a thoughtful word or deed enriches life and gives it meaning. Because for many people remembering takes the form of gift giving, Sweetest Day offers us the opportunity to show others that we care, in a positive way.
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了“美国甜蜜日”的时间、内容、起源以及这个节日的现实意义。
1．What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A．Sweetest Day is a day to make others happy.
B．Sweetest Day is just an occasion to care about disabled people.
C．Sweetest Day is an occasion for lovers to express love.
D．Sweetest Day is celebrated on the third Sunday in October.
2．Which of the following has little relationship to Sweetest Day?
A．Visiting sick people of the hospital.
B．Visiting children who have lost their parents.
C．Giving friends s/mall gifts.
D．Giving flowers to sweethearts.
3．What is Cleveland?
A．An island. B．A country.
C．A village in England. D．A city in America.
4．The underlined word “neglected” in the second paragraph means “________ ”．
A．remembered B．hated
C．paid little or no attention to
D．disappointed
语法填空
Many people may think it’s ridiculous that animals should have their feelings. In fact, animals’ feelings are sometimes even 1 (warm) than we can imagine.
Savanah, 2 one-and-a-half-year-old leopard, and Max, a dog who is just a few weeks younger, have become the best friends at Ohio Zoo. They get along quite well 3 each other and chase after each other all the time cheerfully. 4 Savanah was just 10 weeks old, they have been put together. From then on, their friendship has amazed large numbers of 5 (visit) to the zoo.
Another moving story 6 (occur) in Turkey. Winter was sweeping the Northern Hemisphere, but perhaps no one had been hit as hard by freezing temperatures 7 5 donkeys in Turkey. The unattended (/无人照顾的) donkeys in a small Turkish village were covered by snow, with icicles (冰柱) 8 (hang) off their bodies. Later, a rescue team found the donkeys, some of 9 , however, were so frozen t/hat they couldn’t move and had to be carried away by a truck. 10 being housed in a warm shelter, all the donkeys were “defrosted (解冻)” and alive because of their strong determination.
答案解析：
单项填空
1．解析：表示“依靠”时，depend on 和 rely on 可以互换，但在本句中 depend on 意为“取决于，视……情况而定”。base on 表示“以……为根据”。句意：在这种情况下，是否实施手术在很大程度上要看病人的状况。答案：D
2．解析：考查介词。句意：她致力于科学，并且在科技发展方面作出了重大贡献。 devote oneself to sth. “致力于”； make contributions to “对……作出贡献”。故选D。答案：D
3．解析：句意：他的心同人民大众的心连在一起。link sth. with sth. “把某事和某事连接起来”，被动式是 sth. be linked with sth.。答案：C
4．解析：考查连词的用法。句意：他们中的许多人不听他的建议，尽管他们知道那很有价值。as if“好像”；now that“既然”；so that“结果”；even though“尽管”，符合句意。答案：C
5．解析：句意：这些学生准备本周六去听一个关于艾滋病的报告。attend a lecture“听报告”。答案：D
6．解析：句意：对于孩子们来说好的一点是他们很容易适应新环境。adapt to “适应”；appeal to “呼吁”；attach to “与……有联系”；apply to “向……申请”。根据句意可知本题选A。答案：A
7．解析：last “持续”，此处表示“节目要持续多久”。 continue “继续”；/stay “保持下去，持久，坚持”；remain 表示仍留在原处或保持原来的状态。答案：B
8．解析：句意：尽管彼得总的来说是一个好人，但是有时也会很难缠。 can 表示推测且用于肯定句时，意为“有时可能”，符合题意。 shall “将，会”；should “应该/”；must “必须”，均与题意不符。答案：C
9．解析：考查部分否定与全部否定。I didn’t like either of them.相当于 I liked neither of them。答案：B
10．解析：have /to意为“不得不”。可以用在may之后，但是不能用在must之后答案：A
完形填空
1．解析：由下文的 in search of water 以及 reached the water tap可知他感到“口渴(thirsty)”。答案：B
2．解析：由文章第一句话中“乘火车旅行”可知。答案：D
3．解析：由下文的 asked the ticket office about the next train 可知在这位先生刚到达水龙头处时，“火车(train)”开了，他跑回去，但还是“错过了(missed)”。答案：C
4．解析：天“黑(dark)”了，他决定在车站过夜。下文的spend the night 是提示。答案：A
5．解析：由下文的 find a place for a day’s 可知下趟火车是在第二天。答案：D
6．解析：由下文的ask for a room 可知他决定找个地方“住(stay)”一晚上。答案：B
7．解析：转折连词but 说明他到附近的旅社去找房间，可是“没有找到(none)”。下段的 At last 之后的内容也是提示。答案：C
8．解析：最后，他“来到(reached)”一个很小的房子。答案：D
9．解析：由 stay in his house 可知他问房屋的“主人(owner)”是否可以住一晚。答案：A
10．解析：下文的 served him food and gave him a room to stay 可知房主“同意了(agreed)”。答案：C
11．解析：由下文的but did not expect anything from me 可推知此处上下句之间为转折关系。答案：B
12．解析：由The owner opened the door 可知听到“敲门声(knock)”。答案：A
13．解析：由 pay his debts 推知敲门的人应该是身着华丽，很有钱。答案：C
14．解析：来人“要求(/asked)”/ 房主偿还所欠的债务。答案：C
15．解析：由 debts 可知房主需要“钱(money)”。下文的you were in need of money也是提示。答案：B
16．解析：由left 一词以及下文他的留言可知绅士留下一个包裹，然后就“离开了(went away)”。答案：D
17．解析：由下文便条的内容可知。答案：A
18．解析：房主看到有一张“便条(note)”， 上面写着“你帮助了(helped)我，却不索要任何东西。”答案：C
19．解析：由上文内容可知，此处指的是“两个人之间的交谈”。答案：B
20．解析：昨天“我”听到了你和陌生人之间的“谈话(conversation)”，“知道(learned)”你需要一笔钱。答案：D
阅读理解
1．解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段的第一句话可知，“甜蜜日”目的是让人们能够开心。答案：A
2．解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，在 Sweetest Day, 人们会关注那些病人、孤儿，会给亲朋送上小礼物，但文章没有提到要给恋人送花。答案：D
3．解析：推理判断题。根据第二段可知， a Cleveland man 最先发起这项活动，随后 other Clevelanders 也加入进来，从本段最后一句话可知，这项活动很快推广到整个美国，故可以推断 Cleveland 为美国的一个城市。答案：D
4．解析：词义猜测题。 neglect “忽视”，答案：C
语法填空
1. warmer。根据后文的than可知，此处需要一个形容词的比较级形式，表“更温暖的，更热情的”，故填warmer。
2. a。此处需填不定冠词a表泛指。
3. with。此处get along with是固定搭配, 表“与……相处”，故填with。
4. Since。主句用现在完成时，由since引导的从句用一般过去时，故填Since。
5. visitors。此处是visit的词形变化，表“游客”，故填visitors。
6. occurred。根据下文可知，此处需要谓语动词的过去式，故填occurred。
7. as。此处as…as是固定搭配，表“和……一样”，故填as。
8. hanging。此处是with＋名词＋V-ing结构，需要一个非谓语动词的主动形式，表“悬挂”，故填hanging。
9. which。此处是定语从句，which指代上文的donkeys。
10. After。根据上下文可知，此处表“被收留在一处温暖的处所后”，故填After。