北师大版高中英语模块2 Unit 4 Cyberspace 话题语言应用—— 宇宙空间
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| 名称 | 北师大版高中英语模块2 Unit 4 Cyberspace 话题语言应用—— 宇宙空间 |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-11-07 14:26:44 | ||
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话题语言应用——宇宙空间
语言积累：
交际用语
1. 建议和劝告（Suggestions and advice） What should we do ? 我们应该做什么？ Shall we …? 我们……？ How about…? ……怎么样？ You must/mustn’t… 你必须/不能…… I think you ought to … 我想你应该…… Perhaps you should… 或许你应该…… You’d better … 你最好…… You might … 你可能…… You need/needn’t 你需要/没必要…… You have to/don’t have to …你必须/不必…… I would strongly advise you to … 我强烈的建议你…… I suggest that you … 我建议你…… My advice is/would be … 我的建议是…… It might be a good idea to … 做……将是一个很好的想法 2. 就医（Seeing the doctor） What’s the matter? 怎么了？ What’s wrong with you ? 你哪儿不舒服？ What seems to be the trouble? 感觉哪儿有问题？ How long have you been like this? 这种情况持续多久了？ It’s nothing serious, only … 没什么大问题，只是…… I suppose you had better… 我想你最好…… I think you ought to … 我认为你应该…… I’ve got a pain in… 我……感觉疼
I’m suffering from… 我一直在饱受……的痛苦 I feel tired all the time. 我一直感觉很累。 I’ve got a bad… 我得了严重的…… It hurts when I touch it. 我一摸就疼。 3. 同意和不同意（Agreement and disagreement） (I’m afraid) I don’t agree. 我恐怕不会同意 I’m not sure about that! 我对那件事还不确定 You could be right , but …你可能是对的，但是…… I agree up to a point, but … 我同意了某一点，但是…… That’s an interesting idea, but …那是个很有意思的想法，但…… Rubbish/Nonsense! 荒唐，垃圾！ Do you really think…? 你真的认为……？You can’t be serious! 你不要太当真了！ That’s not how I see it. 那不是我的观点。 Actually/As a matter of fact, I think…实际上我认为……
话题词句
Music 565in China and west
The definition of music
1.Object rules the sound of music called vibration, the organized music to express people's ideas and feelings, reflect real life is a kind of the art of music.
2.broadly speaking, should be the extension of culture, is the essence of the culture conceived a crystalline form.
Chinese and western different world view
1.western people see the world, is to adopt scientific, several rational attitude, is "content my opposition".
2.The Chinese on the contrary completely, such as old, chong believe that the universe is a virtual spirit space, meanwhile only agitate for "all things" of the "gas" is real.
Cultural differences between Chinese and western music origin
1.Chinese and western music of different origin, except for nationality generated color difference besides, mainly displays in music attention is elegant and western music attention is harmonious.
2.Chinese and western world view, outlook is different, Chinese and western music style is different from the fundamental reason.
Chinese instruments
Wind instruments include: sheng, flute, suona, flute, hulusi, etc.
Plucked instruments include: the harp, gu qin, guzheng, pipa, LiuQin, QinQin, yueqin, yangqin, etc.
La playing Musical Instruments include: Mongol stringed instrument, erhu, hu, GaoHu, etc.
Percussion instruments include: chimes, qing, drums, gongs, wooden fish, etc.
The western instruments
Woodwind instrument: flute, oboe, clarinet,
bassoon brass instruments: French horn, trumpet, trombone, tuba.
Pull string singing instruments: the violin, the viola, the cello. Plucked instruments: harp, guitar, bass.
Keyboard instrument: piano, organ, accordion , electronic organ, electric piano.
Percussion instrument: bass drum, frame beat, Angle iron, sand hammer, glockenspiel, xylophone, bells, etc
The characters of Chinese music
1.Chinese music attention is affection charm.
2.China is the rhyme of the pre-qin scholars is originated from the philosophy, or even from ancient tripod decorative pattern and original mural animals like ascended.
The characters of the western music
1.Western music attention is harmonious.
2.Atlantic harmony comes from ancient Greek and Roman mathematics and the geometry of the scientific and mathematical coordination.
3.Western music is more suitable for performance "magnificence" things.
conclusion
Emotional aspects: feeling western music is grand, suitable for performance grand scene and the profound thought, Oriental music is meticulous, suitable for delicate feelings and lonely thoughts.
Structure: the western music is logical, it is based on a kind of unity of opposites of the relationship between Chinese music. General said, it is a kind of simple sexual structure, it is not the pursuit of inner tension.
写作运用：
英语作文记叙文写作技巧
记叙文是记人叙事的文章,它主要是用于说明事件的时间、背景、起因、过程及结果,即我们通常所说的五个" W "( what, who, when, where, why )和一个" H "( how )。记叙文的重点在于"述说"和"描写",因此一篇好的记叙文要叙述条理清楚,描写生动形象。下面就谈谈英语记叙文的特点和写好记叙文的基本要领。? 一、记叙文的特点 1. 叙述的人称 ??? 英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过"我"来传达给读者,使人读后感到真实可信,如身临其境。如: ??? The other day, I was driving along the street. Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast. I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side. But it was too late. The car hit my bike and I fell off it. ??? 用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受"我"活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如: ??? Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard. On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover. Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short. What could he do? Then he had a good idea. 2. 动词的时态? ??? 在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的,这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。 3. 叙述的顺序 ??? 记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。 ??4. 叙述的过渡 ??? 过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如: ??? In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things. Apart from doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao. It is really a beautiful city. There are many places of interest to see. But what impressed me most was the sunrise. ??? The next morning I got up early. I was very happy because it was a fine day. By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red. In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing. The sun was very red, not shining. It rose slowly. At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball. At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright. ??? What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5. 叙述与对话 ??? 引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果: ??? I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something. Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front. I thought maybe someone was knocking the door. I asked who it was but I heard no reply. After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor. I realized it was the cat. I felt released.? ??? 这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把"悬念"给冲淡了。可作如下调整: ??? I was in the kitchen cooking something. "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front. Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply. After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor. "It's you." I said, quite released.
二、写好记叙文的基本要领 1. 头绪分明,脉络清楚 ??? 写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个" W "和一个" H "有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些" W "和" H ",但动笔之前,围绕五个" W "和" H "进行构思是必不可少的。 2. 突出中心,详略得当 ??? 在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那些非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如: ??? One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children. They have not eaten for days." I took some food with me and went. ??? When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger. There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger.
巩固练习
选词填空
1．My mother likes dancing on the square near my home after supper and she likes________(华尔兹) best.
2．When we reached his home，his son was________(跳) with some children in front of his house.
3．The old woman is respected not for her riches but for her________(高尚的) mind.
4．Every country has its tradition；what is o ________in one country may be very strange in another.
5．Many old customs are handed down from one g ________to another.
6．The young writer who is very popular among students has a u ________style.
句型转换
1．He is well received by the students.
He is________ ________ ________the students.
2．Many people attend the meeting，including me.
Many people attend the meeting，________ ________.
3．The boy was from a poor family.
The boy________ ________a poor family.
4．He knows several foreign languages，for example，English，French and Japanese.
He knows several foreign languages ________ ________English，French，and Japanese.
5．He played the part of king in the play.
He________ ________ ________of king in the play.
单项填空
1．He agreed ________they might not trouble him any more.
A．in order B．only that C．so as to D．so that
2．Mary got up ________late yesterday that she missed the bus to her school.
A．such B．so C．very D．too
3．—Why didn’ t you go camping with us?
—________I got a fever on the day you set off.
A．As B．Since C．Because D．For
4．He has ________little education ________he is unable to find a job.
A．such；but B．so；but C．so；that D．such；and
5．I opened the window after getting up ________the fresh air could come into my room.
A．so that B．so as to C．in order to D．in case
从括号中选择合适的词或词组填在横线上
1．The room was so dark ________I couldn’ t see anything.(that/as)
2．—Why were you so late this morning?
— ________I didn’t catch the bus.(As/Because)
3．She is ________a good teacher that all the students admire her.(such/so)
4．He took a taxi to the airport ____________he should miss the flight for Canada.(in case/in order that)
5．She was ill ____________she didn’t attend the meeting.(so that/in order that)
6．We arrive half an hour earlier ____________we can prepare everything well.(in case/so that/as soon as)
7．____________you mention it，I do remember.(Even if/Now that)
根据所给单词的首字母，完成下面短文
Many people believe that music has an effect on the plant’s growth. It is certain t ________plants enjoy music. And they will have a longer life t________they listen to the right kind of music. B ________you must be careful with the music you play to your plants because certain types of music can make your plants stop growing w ________other types of music can make your plants grow well. So，there is a right and a wrong way to p ________music to plants .Heavy metal music should never be played around a plant because it can be very harmful to a plant，e ________played at a low volume (音量)．Plants are not f ________of pop music，either .If plants continually listen to rock music for more than 10 days，they will f ________die. Recent experiments have proved that classical music and country music are p ________with plants. Plants will dance t ________them.
阅读理解
A
Louis Armstrong had two famous nicknames (绰号)．Some people called him Bagamo .They said his mouth looked like a large bag. Musicians often called him Pops，as a sign of respect for his influence on the world of music.
Born in 1901 in New Orleans，he grew up poor，but lived among great musicians. Jazz was invented in the city a few years before his birth. Armstrong often said，“Jazz and I grew up together.”
Armstrong showed a great talent (天赋) for music when he was taught to play the cornet (短号) at a boy’s home. In his late teens，Armstrong began to live the life of a musician .He played in parades，clubs，and on the steamboats that traveled on the Mississippi River. At that time，New Orleans was famous for the new music of jazz and was home to many great musicians. Armstrong learned from the older musicians and soon became respected as their equal.
In 1922 he went to Chicago. There，the tale of Louis Armstrong begins. From then until the end of his life，Armstrong was celebrated and loved wherever he went.
His cornet playing had a deep humanity (仁爱) and warmth that caused many listeners to say，“Listening to Pops just makes you feel good all over.”He was the father of the jazz style and also one of the best -known and most admired people in the world. His death，on July 6,1971，was headline news around the world.
1．Armstrong was called Pops because he________.
A．looked like a musician
B．was a musician of much influence
C．showed an interest in music
D．traveled to play modern music
2．The third paragraph is developed________.
A．by space B．by examples
C．by time D．by comparison
3．Which statement about Armstrong is TRUE?
A．His tale begins in New Orleans.
B．He was born before jazz was invented.
C．His music was popular with his listeners.
D．He learned popular music at a boy’s home.
4．Which would be the best title for the text?
A．The Invention of the Jazz Music
B．The Father of the Jazz Style
C．The Making of a Musician
D．The Spread of Popular Music
B
Interestingly，a boy who never had any interest in singing would in the end turn out to be a world -famous pop star .He Rundong is just a boy of this kind.“I didn’t have any interest in singing until about four years ago .My first music teacher called me a music idiot (白痴)．That made me
quite angry .I practised and practised，and I just wanted to tell him I was not a music idiot. Now singing has become my full-time job. Naturally，I’m not as good at music as some people are，but I think hard work is just as important.”
Born in the United States and brought up in Taiwan，He Rundong’s first love was drawing. He has always wanted to get a book of his cartoon published. And the three cartoons in his CD collection cover were his works first published.
He likes playing basketball and is a very good player. When he was in Senior High School in Canada，he was the only Chinese player on his school team which won the gold medal in the regional league games.
At first singing was He Rundong’s tenth job. And then his singing for the theme (主题) song Dreams Begin in an ad made him famous overnight. Thousands of his records of the theme song were sold out as soon as they were on the market. Last August he had his songbook published and it has become quite a hit.
Though he had educational background both in the States and in Canada，he is still quite a typical Chinese. He likes listening to Chinese music and eating his meals with chopsticks. He likes gentle，considerate (体贴的) and faithful girls.
5．He Rundong took to singing because he wanted to________.
A．become famous B．prove his ability
C．try a new trade D．make more money
6．We can infer (推断) that He Rundong had no schooling in________.
A．the USA B．Canada
C．Taiwan D．Mainland of China
7．The writer seems to be proud of Rundong because he________.
A．was born abroad
B．has foreign educational background
C．is a typical Chinese
D．sings Chinese pop songs
8．Which conclusion can we draw from the story?
A．Where there is a will，there is a way.
B．Practise makes perfect.
C．Failure is the mother of success.
D．Humans are born equal.
语法填空
Have you ever heard “Tuhao (土豪), let’s be friends”? Are you puzzled, wondering what 1 means? Then you’re possibly out of date.
Nowadays, the Chinese words “tuhao” and “dama (大妈)” have become so familiar 2 many Chinese people that they often play jokes on each other when 3 (chat) about the daily life. For example, if you take out your new 4 (fashion) mobile phone, your naughty friends may call you “tuhao”, laughing loudly and happily.
Amazingly, 5 two wildly popular words have also become hot words in English. The BBC recently 6 (produce) a program to introduce “tuhao”. On the Internet, “tuhao” can be translated into “new money (暴发户)” in English.
Besides, The Wall Street Journal has also borrowed “dama” from the Chinese pinyin 7 (describe) bargain-hunting middle-aged Chinese women, calling 8 “a force in the global gold market”. Experts say the Chinese language’s influence 9 English will continue during the entire 21st century, 10 it is expected that “tuhao” will be welcomed by the Oxford University Press to appear in the new word lists.
答案解析
选词填空
1．waltz 2.skipping 3.noble 4.ordinary 5.generation 6.unique
句型转换
1．very popular with 2.me included 3.came from 4.such as 5.performed the part
单项填空
1．【解析】选D。句意：他同意了以便他们不再麻烦他。空格后是目的状语从句，in order应加that，so as to不接从句，only that无此形式，故选D。
2．【解析】选B。句意：玛丽昨天起晚了，没赶上去学校的车。此题考查such...that...和so...that...的区别，根据such、so的用法，故选B。
3．【解析】选C。此题考查词义辨析。这四个词都能说明原因，但回答why问句的只能是because。
4．【解析】选C。此题主要考查such、so的区别。such＋n.，so＋adj./adv.，但so也可接名词，so后必须是表示量的形容词much、many、little、few，然后再接名词。根据句意，故选C。
5．【解析】选A。句意：我起床后打开窗户，让新鲜空气透进室内。空格后是从句，故排除B、C项。in case不能引导目的状语从句，故选A。
从括号中选择合适的词或词组填在横线上
1．that 2.Because 3.such 4.in case 5.so that 6.so that 7.Now that
根据所给单词的首字母，完成下面短文
that；if；But；while；play；even；fond；finally；popular；to
阅读理解
1．【解析】选B。根据第一段的“Musicians often called him Pops，as a sign of respect for his influence(影响)on the world of music”可判断出Armstrong之所以被称为“Pops”是因为他在音乐界的影响。
2．【解析】选C。短文的第三段讲述了Armstrong早期的音乐旅程，从at a boy’s home，in his late teens等可知，本段是按时间顺序进行描述的。
3．【解析】选C。根据最后一段中的“He was the father of the jazz style and also one of the best－known and most admired people in the world”可知C项是正确的。
4．【解析】选B。这篇短文主要讲述了Armstrong成为爵士乐之父的历程。
5．【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段可知何润东练习唱歌是为了向他的音乐老师证明自己不是音乐白痴。
6．【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段可知何润东在美国、台湾和加拿大都上过学，惟独没有在中国大陆学习过。另外，最后一段的第一句也给出了提示。
7．【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段可知何润东是个典型的中国人——喜欢中国音乐，喜欢用筷子吃饭、喜欢温柔体贴的女孩。
8．【解析】选A。推理判断题。综合全文我们知道何润东最初不擅长音乐，但经过刻苦练习成为了一名著名歌手，他的成长经历恰恰印证了一句名言：有志者事竟成。
语法填空
1. it。根据上下文可知，此处需要一个代词作宾语从句的主语，故填it。
2. to。此处是一个固定搭配，be/become familiar to sb.表“（变得）为某人所熟悉”, 故填to。
3. chatting。此处是when they are chatting的从句主语省略形式，故填chatting。
4. fashionable。此处需要一个形容词，修饰mobile phone，故填fashionable。
5. the。此处需要一个定冠词，特指上文出现的tuhao和dama，故填the。
6. has produced。根据recently可知，此处需要谓语动词的现在完成时形式，故填has produced。
7. to describe。根据下文可知，此处需要动词不定式表目的，故填to describe。
8. them。根据上下文可知，此处需要一个代词作宾语，指代bargain-hunting middle-aged Chinese women，故填them。
9. on。此处是固定搭配，influence on…表“对……的影响”，故填on。
10. so。根据上下文内容可知，此处表因果关系，故填so。
语言积累：
交际用语
1. 建议和劝告（Suggestions and advice） What should we do ? 我们应该做什么？ Shall we …? 我们……？ How about…? ……怎么样？ You must/mustn’t… 你必须/不能…… I think you ought to … 我想你应该…… Perhaps you should… 或许你应该…… You’d better … 你最好…… You might … 你可能…… You need/needn’t 你需要/没必要…… You have to/don’t have to …你必须/不必…… I would strongly advise you to … 我强烈的建议你…… I suggest that you … 我建议你…… My advice is/would be … 我的建议是…… It might be a good idea to … 做……将是一个很好的想法 2. 就医（Seeing the doctor） What’s the matter? 怎么了？ What’s wrong with you ? 你哪儿不舒服？ What seems to be the trouble? 感觉哪儿有问题？ How long have you been like this? 这种情况持续多久了？ It’s nothing serious, only … 没什么大问题，只是…… I suppose you had better… 我想你最好…… I think you ought to … 我认为你应该…… I’ve got a pain in… 我……感觉疼
I’m suffering from… 我一直在饱受……的痛苦 I feel tired all the time. 我一直感觉很累。 I’ve got a bad… 我得了严重的…… It hurts when I touch it. 我一摸就疼。 3. 同意和不同意（Agreement and disagreement） (I’m afraid) I don’t agree. 我恐怕不会同意 I’m not sure about that! 我对那件事还不确定 You could be right , but …你可能是对的，但是…… I agree up to a point, but … 我同意了某一点，但是…… That’s an interesting idea, but …那是个很有意思的想法，但…… Rubbish/Nonsense! 荒唐，垃圾！ Do you really think…? 你真的认为……？You can’t be serious! 你不要太当真了！ That’s not how I see it. 那不是我的观点。 Actually/As a matter of fact, I think…实际上我认为……
话题词句
Music 565in China and west
The definition of music
1.Object rules the sound of music called vibration, the organized music to express people's ideas and feelings, reflect real life is a kind of the art of music.
2.broadly speaking, should be the extension of culture, is the essence of the culture conceived a crystalline form.
Chinese and western different world view
1.western people see the world, is to adopt scientific, several rational attitude, is "content my opposition".
2.The Chinese on the contrary completely, such as old, chong believe that the universe is a virtual spirit space, meanwhile only agitate for "all things" of the "gas" is real.
Cultural differences between Chinese and western music origin
1.Chinese and western music of different origin, except for nationality generated color difference besides, mainly displays in music attention is elegant and western music attention is harmonious.
2.Chinese and western world view, outlook is different, Chinese and western music style is different from the fundamental reason.
Chinese instruments
Wind instruments include: sheng, flute, suona, flute, hulusi, etc.
Plucked instruments include: the harp, gu qin, guzheng, pipa, LiuQin, QinQin, yueqin, yangqin, etc.
La playing Musical Instruments include: Mongol stringed instrument, erhu, hu, GaoHu, etc.
Percussion instruments include: chimes, qing, drums, gongs, wooden fish, etc.
The western instruments
Woodwind instrument: flute, oboe, clarinet,
bassoon brass instruments: French horn, trumpet, trombone, tuba.
Pull string singing instruments: the violin, the viola, the cello. Plucked instruments: harp, guitar, bass.
Keyboard instrument: piano, organ, accordion , electronic organ, electric piano.
Percussion instrument: bass drum, frame beat, Angle iron, sand hammer, glockenspiel, xylophone, bells, etc
The characters of Chinese music
1.Chinese music attention is affection charm.
2.China is the rhyme of the pre-qin scholars is originated from the philosophy, or even from ancient tripod decorative pattern and original mural animals like ascended.
The characters of the western music
1.Western music attention is harmonious.
2.Atlantic harmony comes from ancient Greek and Roman mathematics and the geometry of the scientific and mathematical coordination.
3.Western music is more suitable for performance "magnificence" things.
conclusion
Emotional aspects: feeling western music is grand, suitable for performance grand scene and the profound thought, Oriental music is meticulous, suitable for delicate feelings and lonely thoughts.
Structure: the western music is logical, it is based on a kind of unity of opposites of the relationship between Chinese music. General said, it is a kind of simple sexual structure, it is not the pursuit of inner tension.
写作运用：
英语作文记叙文写作技巧
记叙文是记人叙事的文章,它主要是用于说明事件的时间、背景、起因、过程及结果,即我们通常所说的五个" W "( what, who, when, where, why )和一个" H "( how )。记叙文的重点在于"述说"和"描写",因此一篇好的记叙文要叙述条理清楚,描写生动形象。下面就谈谈英语记叙文的特点和写好记叙文的基本要领。? 一、记叙文的特点 1. 叙述的人称 ??? 英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过"我"来传达给读者,使人读后感到真实可信,如身临其境。如: ??? The other day, I was driving along the street. Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast. I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side. But it was too late. The car hit my bike and I fell off it. ??? 用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受"我"活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如: ??? Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard. On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover. Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short. What could he do? Then he had a good idea. 2. 动词的时态? ??? 在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的,这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。 3. 叙述的顺序 ??? 记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。 ??4. 叙述的过渡 ??? 过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如: ??? In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things. Apart from doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao. It is really a beautiful city. There are many places of interest to see. But what impressed me most was the sunrise. ??? The next morning I got up early. I was very happy because it was a fine day. By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red. In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing. The sun was very red, not shining. It rose slowly. At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball. At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright. ??? What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5. 叙述与对话 ??? 引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果: ??? I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something. Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front. I thought maybe someone was knocking the door. I asked who it was but I heard no reply. After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor. I realized it was the cat. I felt released.? ??? 这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把"悬念"给冲淡了。可作如下调整: ??? I was in the kitchen cooking something. "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front. Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply. After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor. "It's you." I said, quite released.
二、写好记叙文的基本要领 1. 头绪分明,脉络清楚 ??? 写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个" W "和一个" H "有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些" W "和" H ",但动笔之前,围绕五个" W "和" H "进行构思是必不可少的。 2. 突出中心,详略得当 ??? 在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那些非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如: ??? One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children. They have not eaten for days." I took some food with me and went. ??? When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger. There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger.
巩固练习
选词填空
1．My mother likes dancing on the square near my home after supper and she likes________(华尔兹) best.
2．When we reached his home，his son was________(跳) with some children in front of his house.
3．The old woman is respected not for her riches but for her________(高尚的) mind.
4．Every country has its tradition；what is o ________in one country may be very strange in another.
5．Many old customs are handed down from one g ________to another.
6．The young writer who is very popular among students has a u ________style.
句型转换
1．He is well received by the students.
He is________ ________ ________the students.
2．Many people attend the meeting，including me.
Many people attend the meeting，________ ________.
3．The boy was from a poor family.
The boy________ ________a poor family.
4．He knows several foreign languages，for example，English，French and Japanese.
He knows several foreign languages ________ ________English，French，and Japanese.
5．He played the part of king in the play.
He________ ________ ________of king in the play.
单项填空
1．He agreed ________they might not trouble him any more.
A．in order B．only that C．so as to D．so that
2．Mary got up ________late yesterday that she missed the bus to her school.
A．such B．so C．very D．too
3．—Why didn’ t you go camping with us?
—________I got a fever on the day you set off.
A．As B．Since C．Because D．For
4．He has ________little education ________he is unable to find a job.
A．such；but B．so；but C．so；that D．such；and
5．I opened the window after getting up ________the fresh air could come into my room.
A．so that B．so as to C．in order to D．in case
从括号中选择合适的词或词组填在横线上
1．The room was so dark ________I couldn’ t see anything.(that/as)
2．—Why were you so late this morning?
— ________I didn’t catch the bus.(As/Because)
3．She is ________a good teacher that all the students admire her.(such/so)
4．He took a taxi to the airport ____________he should miss the flight for Canada.(in case/in order that)
5．She was ill ____________she didn’t attend the meeting.(so that/in order that)
6．We arrive half an hour earlier ____________we can prepare everything well.(in case/so that/as soon as)
7．____________you mention it，I do remember.(Even if/Now that)
根据所给单词的首字母，完成下面短文
Many people believe that music has an effect on the plant’s growth. It is certain t ________plants enjoy music. And they will have a longer life t________they listen to the right kind of music. B ________you must be careful with the music you play to your plants because certain types of music can make your plants stop growing w ________other types of music can make your plants grow well. So，there is a right and a wrong way to p ________music to plants .Heavy metal music should never be played around a plant because it can be very harmful to a plant，e ________played at a low volume (音量)．Plants are not f ________of pop music，either .If plants continually listen to rock music for more than 10 days，they will f ________die. Recent experiments have proved that classical music and country music are p ________with plants. Plants will dance t ________them.
阅读理解
A
Louis Armstrong had two famous nicknames (绰号)．Some people called him Bagamo .They said his mouth looked like a large bag. Musicians often called him Pops，as a sign of respect for his influence on the world of music.
Born in 1901 in New Orleans，he grew up poor，but lived among great musicians. Jazz was invented in the city a few years before his birth. Armstrong often said，“Jazz and I grew up together.”
Armstrong showed a great talent (天赋) for music when he was taught to play the cornet (短号) at a boy’s home. In his late teens，Armstrong began to live the life of a musician .He played in parades，clubs，and on the steamboats that traveled on the Mississippi River. At that time，New Orleans was famous for the new music of jazz and was home to many great musicians. Armstrong learned from the older musicians and soon became respected as their equal.
In 1922 he went to Chicago. There，the tale of Louis Armstrong begins. From then until the end of his life，Armstrong was celebrated and loved wherever he went.
His cornet playing had a deep humanity (仁爱) and warmth that caused many listeners to say，“Listening to Pops just makes you feel good all over.”He was the father of the jazz style and also one of the best -known and most admired people in the world. His death，on July 6,1971，was headline news around the world.
1．Armstrong was called Pops because he________.
A．looked like a musician
B．was a musician of much influence
C．showed an interest in music
D．traveled to play modern music
2．The third paragraph is developed________.
A．by space B．by examples
C．by time D．by comparison
3．Which statement about Armstrong is TRUE?
A．His tale begins in New Orleans.
B．He was born before jazz was invented.
C．His music was popular with his listeners.
D．He learned popular music at a boy’s home.
4．Which would be the best title for the text?
A．The Invention of the Jazz Music
B．The Father of the Jazz Style
C．The Making of a Musician
D．The Spread of Popular Music
B
Interestingly，a boy who never had any interest in singing would in the end turn out to be a world -famous pop star .He Rundong is just a boy of this kind.“I didn’t have any interest in singing until about four years ago .My first music teacher called me a music idiot (白痴)．That made me
quite angry .I practised and practised，and I just wanted to tell him I was not a music idiot. Now singing has become my full-time job. Naturally，I’m not as good at music as some people are，but I think hard work is just as important.”
Born in the United States and brought up in Taiwan，He Rundong’s first love was drawing. He has always wanted to get a book of his cartoon published. And the three cartoons in his CD collection cover were his works first published.
He likes playing basketball and is a very good player. When he was in Senior High School in Canada，he was the only Chinese player on his school team which won the gold medal in the regional league games.
At first singing was He Rundong’s tenth job. And then his singing for the theme (主题) song Dreams Begin in an ad made him famous overnight. Thousands of his records of the theme song were sold out as soon as they were on the market. Last August he had his songbook published and it has become quite a hit.
Though he had educational background both in the States and in Canada，he is still quite a typical Chinese. He likes listening to Chinese music and eating his meals with chopsticks. He likes gentle，considerate (体贴的) and faithful girls.
5．He Rundong took to singing because he wanted to________.
A．become famous B．prove his ability
C．try a new trade D．make more money
6．We can infer (推断) that He Rundong had no schooling in________.
A．the USA B．Canada
C．Taiwan D．Mainland of China
7．The writer seems to be proud of Rundong because he________.
A．was born abroad
B．has foreign educational background
C．is a typical Chinese
D．sings Chinese pop songs
8．Which conclusion can we draw from the story?
A．Where there is a will，there is a way.
B．Practise makes perfect.
C．Failure is the mother of success.
D．Humans are born equal.
语法填空
Have you ever heard “Tuhao (土豪), let’s be friends”? Are you puzzled, wondering what 1 means? Then you’re possibly out of date.
Nowadays, the Chinese words “tuhao” and “dama (大妈)” have become so familiar 2 many Chinese people that they often play jokes on each other when 3 (chat) about the daily life. For example, if you take out your new 4 (fashion) mobile phone, your naughty friends may call you “tuhao”, laughing loudly and happily.
Amazingly, 5 two wildly popular words have also become hot words in English. The BBC recently 6 (produce) a program to introduce “tuhao”. On the Internet, “tuhao” can be translated into “new money (暴发户)” in English.
Besides, The Wall Street Journal has also borrowed “dama” from the Chinese pinyin 7 (describe) bargain-hunting middle-aged Chinese women, calling 8 “a force in the global gold market”. Experts say the Chinese language’s influence 9 English will continue during the entire 21st century, 10 it is expected that “tuhao” will be welcomed by the Oxford University Press to appear in the new word lists.
答案解析
选词填空
1．waltz 2.skipping 3.noble 4.ordinary 5.generation 6.unique
句型转换
1．very popular with 2.me included 3.came from 4.such as 5.performed the part
单项填空
1．【解析】选D。句意：他同意了以便他们不再麻烦他。空格后是目的状语从句，in order应加that，so as to不接从句，only that无此形式，故选D。
2．【解析】选B。句意：玛丽昨天起晚了，没赶上去学校的车。此题考查such...that...和so...that...的区别，根据such、so的用法，故选B。
3．【解析】选C。此题考查词义辨析。这四个词都能说明原因，但回答why问句的只能是because。
4．【解析】选C。此题主要考查such、so的区别。such＋n.，so＋adj./adv.，但so也可接名词，so后必须是表示量的形容词much、many、little、few，然后再接名词。根据句意，故选C。
5．【解析】选A。句意：我起床后打开窗户，让新鲜空气透进室内。空格后是从句，故排除B、C项。in case不能引导目的状语从句，故选A。
从括号中选择合适的词或词组填在横线上
1．that 2.Because 3.such 4.in case 5.so that 6.so that 7.Now that
根据所给单词的首字母，完成下面短文
that；if；But；while；play；even；fond；finally；popular；to
阅读理解
1．【解析】选B。根据第一段的“Musicians often called him Pops，as a sign of respect for his influence(影响)on the world of music”可判断出Armstrong之所以被称为“Pops”是因为他在音乐界的影响。
2．【解析】选C。短文的第三段讲述了Armstrong早期的音乐旅程，从at a boy’s home，in his late teens等可知，本段是按时间顺序进行描述的。
3．【解析】选C。根据最后一段中的“He was the father of the jazz style and also one of the best－known and most admired people in the world”可知C项是正确的。
4．【解析】选B。这篇短文主要讲述了Armstrong成为爵士乐之父的历程。
5．【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段可知何润东练习唱歌是为了向他的音乐老师证明自己不是音乐白痴。
6．【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段可知何润东在美国、台湾和加拿大都上过学，惟独没有在中国大陆学习过。另外，最后一段的第一句也给出了提示。
7．【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段可知何润东是个典型的中国人——喜欢中国音乐，喜欢用筷子吃饭、喜欢温柔体贴的女孩。
8．【解析】选A。推理判断题。综合全文我们知道何润东最初不擅长音乐，但经过刻苦练习成为了一名著名歌手，他的成长经历恰恰印证了一句名言：有志者事竟成。
语法填空
1. it。根据上下文可知，此处需要一个代词作宾语从句的主语，故填it。
2. to。此处是一个固定搭配，be/become familiar to sb.表“（变得）为某人所熟悉”, 故填to。
3. chatting。此处是when they are chatting的从句主语省略形式，故填chatting。
4. fashionable。此处需要一个形容词，修饰mobile phone，故填fashionable。
5. the。此处需要一个定冠词，特指上文出现的tuhao和dama，故填the。
6. has produced。根据recently可知，此处需要谓语动词的现在完成时形式，故填has produced。
7. to describe。根据下文可知，此处需要动词不定式表目的，故填to describe。
8. them。根据上下文可知，此处需要一个代词作宾语，指代bargain-hunting middle-aged Chinese women，故填them。
9. on。此处是固定搭配，influence on…表“对……的影响”，故填on。
10. so。根据上下文内容可知，此处表因果关系，故填so。