北师大版高中英语模块2 Unit 5 Rhythm Rhythm语言点（二）

Unit 5 Rhythm语言点（二）
目标认知
重点词汇
key，quit，success，ordinary，transform，appearance，immigrant，remain，develop，recommend
重点短语
go for，at times，in some ways，back and forth，refer to，start off，bring to，be related to
grow out of，take part in
重点句型
so that引导的目的状语从句
so...that...引导的结果状语从句
whether...or...引导的让步状语从句
过去分词短语作定语
as引导的状语
知识讲解
重点词汇
key
【原句回放】She had to draw piano keys on a piece of paper so that he could learn to play as early as possible．在此之前，母亲不得不把钢琴键画在一张纸上，以便他能尽可能早地学钢琴。(P26)
【点拨】 key 1)n ①钥匙
He put the key in the lock and turned it．
他把钥匙插入锁里转动。
②关键，秘诀，要领，(解决问题等的)方法，手段，线索
The key to success is preparation．
成功的关键是准备。
③(地理上的)要冲，关隘，门户
Gibraltar is the key to the Mediterranean．
直布罗陀是地中海的门户。
④(试题等的)解答，答案，解释，说明
Do you know the key to the problem?
你知道这道题的答案吗?
⑤(钢琴等的)键
If we ever detect silence, we know that we have failed to press the key．
如果没有听到声音，我们就知道没有敲到键。
2)v. ①使和谐，使适应(常用被动语态)
His topic was keyed to young people．
他的话题适合年轻人的口味。
②键盘输入，(用键盘)操纵，(用键盘式排字机)排字
She keyed in all the new data．她键入了所有的新数据。
3)adj. 基本的，主要的，关键的
We checked each key indicator．
我们核对了每个关键指标。
常用结构
hold the keys of支配，控制
lay/put the key under the door闭门而去
out of key(with)(与)……不和谐，(与)……不合拍
turn the key on把……锁在门里
quit
【原句回放】However he didn’t quit，and he became a great pianist．然而，他没有放弃，成了一位伟大的钢琴家。(P26)
【点拨】 quit (1)vt. 1)解除，消除
She quit herself of all worries and devoted herself to the study of science．
她摆脱了一切烦恼，潜心研究科学。
2)离职，辞职
He is going to quit his job next month because his salary is too low．
他由于薪金太低拟于下月辞职。
3)停止(工作等)，放弃
He has quit smoking for more than ten years．
他戒烟已经10多年了。
4)离开
They have to quit China in a few days．
他们必须在几天之内离开中国。
(2)vi.
1)停止，罢手，认输，放弃
They had to quit when they became aware of the fact that they could not win the game．
他们在觉察到不可能赢得这场比赛时，只好认输。
2)辞职，离开
He didn’t quit though his salary was a little lower than that of others．虽然他的薪金比别人的稍低，但他也不辞职。
success
【原句回放】 The concert last week was such a success that Kong’s Dream Tour Concert is expected to run for the next two years in Beijing，Shanghai，and other main cities before going to Paris and New York．孔祥东上周的“梦幻之旅音乐会”是如此成功，以至于这一音乐会有望在北京、上海和其他大城市进行为期两年的巡演，然后去巴黎和纽约。(P26)
such a success that Kong’s Dream Tour Concert is expected to run for the next two years in Beijing，Shanghai，and other main cities before going to Paris and New York是由such...that...引导的结果状语从句。
【点拨】 success n.
1)[U]成功，成就
He has strange ways of turning failure into success．
2)[C]成功者，成功的事迹
She is a success as an actress．
归纳拓展
抽象名词具体化
有些名词在表示概念时，是不可数名词，但是在表示具体的人或事情时，可以转化为可数名词。
success成功——a success一个/件成功的人/事
failure失败——a failure一个/件失败的人/事
surprise吃惊——a surprise一件令人吃惊的事
concern关心——a concern一件令人关心的事
抽象名词具体化主要有以下几种情况，可以根据这几条规则判断是否具体化了：
1)一般说来抽象名词为不可数名词，但当抽象名词表示具体的东西时，可用作可数名词且词义发生变化，主要类型如下：
①抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情、情绪的人或事。
②抽象名词与不定冠词a/an连用，淡化了抽象概念，转化为似乎可以体验到的动作、行为或类别。
2)有些抽象名词往往以复数形式出现，起到一种丰富语言、增强感彩或强调某种特殊状态的作用。
常用结构
drink to someone’s success举杯祝贺某人成功
make a success of把……做得十分成功，在……上取得成功
with success成功地
without success没有成功地，失败地
success in...……的成功
be successful in doing sth. 在做某事上获得成功
succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事
归纳拓展
succeed v. 成功
successful adj. 成功的
unsuccess n. 不成功，失败，无结果，徒劳
unsuccessful adj. 不成功的，失败的
successfully adv. 成功地
unsuccessfully adv. 失败地
unsuccessfulness n. 不成功，失败
succession n. 连续，继承，继任
successive adj. 连续的，相继的
successively adv. 一个接一个地
successor n. 继承人
ordinary
【原句回放】Folk dances are traditional styles of dancing that come from ordinary people．民族舞蹈是来自普通民众的、传统的舞蹈形式。(P28)
that come from ordinary people是由that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词traditional styles of dancing。
【点拨】 ordinary (1)adj. 1)平常的，普通的，一般的
Now electrical appliances have entered into ordinary families．
现在家用电器已经步入普通家庭了。
2)正常的
Our ordinary workday is eight hours．
我们正常的工作是8小时。
3)通常的，惯常的
Ordinary magnets are familiar to everybody．通常的磁体是人人都熟悉的。
(2)n.
1)普通，平常，一般，平凡
Did you see anything out of the ordinary?
你看到什么不寻常的东西了吗?
2)平常之人，普通事物
He is a man of intelligence far above the ordinary．
他是个智力非同寻常的人。
易混辨析
common，ordinary，commonplace，general，usual，popular，universal
这些形容词均含有“普通的，普遍的”之意。
common多用于指物，侧重很常见，不稀奇。
ordinary用于物，指每天发生的，十分平淡无奇的；用于人。指无特别之处，很一般的。
commonplace强调缺少新意。
general语气强于common，侧重大多如此，很少有例外情况。
usual指常见、常闻和常做的事或举动，强调惯常性。
popular指适应大众爱好、需要，为大家所公认或接受。
universal与general同义，但语气较强，侧重对每个人或事物都适用，根本没有例外。
归纳拓展
ordinarily adv．通常，普通，大概
transform
【原句回放】Whether Kong is changing his appearance or transforming his music，he is a pioneer in music today．不管孔祥东是正在改变他的形象还是在对音乐进行改革，他都是当今音乐界的先锋。(P26)
【点拨】transform vt．
1)(使)变形，(使)改观
A single invention，the chip，would transform our world thanks to its applications in personal computers，digital communications and factory robots．
一个发明，芯片，由于它在个人计算机、数字通信和工厂机器人中的应用而将改变我们的世界。
2)改变，转换(性质、机能等)
The sofa can transform for use as a bed．
这个沙发可改作床用。
3)改造，使改变(思想、性格等)
Success and wealth transformed his character．
成功和财富改变了他的性格。
常用结构
transform...into...把……改变成……
transform...from...into...把……从……改变成……
归纳拓展
transformable adj. 能改变的
transformation n. 改变，改观，转变
transformational adj. 改变的
transformer n. 变压器
transformative adj. 起改造作用的，有改革能力的
appearance
【原句回放】Kong’s new experiment in Chinese folk music is so important to him that he even changed his appearance．尝试中国民族音乐对孔祥东来说非常重要，为此他甚至改变了自己的形象。(P26)
【点拨】 appearance n.
(1)出现，显露，露面
The sudden appearance of a policeman caused the thief to run away．一位警察的突然出现让小偷就落荒而逃。
(2)外观，外貌，外表
She is a young woman of good appearance．
她是一位年轻貌美的女子。
归纳拓展
appear v. 出现，显现，产生，出版，显得，似乎
disappear v. 不见，消失，不复存在
disappearance n. 不见，消失，不复存在
immigrant
【原句回放】 In the United States, the mixing of immigrant cultures produced new forms of dance，such as tap dancing．在美国，不同移民文化交织产生了新型的舞蹈，如踢踏舞。(P29)
immigrant
1)n. 移民，侨民
Canada has many immigrants from Europe．
加拿大有许多欧洲移民。
2)adj.
①移来的，移人的，迁入的
The intent is to limit the entry of immigrant labor．
目的是限制移民劳工的进入。
②移民的，侨民的
Yiwu has become a new immigrant city．
义乌已成为一个新的移民城市。
易混辨析
stranger，foreigner，alien，immigrant
这些名词均有“陌生人，外人”之意。
stranger指对当地的生活习惯、语言等不熟悉，或为某团体不熟的人，也指不认识的人。
foreigner指在异国作短期访问或长期居住的外国人。
alien指没有成为侨居国正式公民的移民。
immigrant指在别国定居并取得所在国国籍的外国人。
归纳拓展
migrant n. 移居者，移民，候鸟
immigrate v. (从外地)移居，移民
emigrate v. 移居国外，移民
immigration n. 移居(入境)，移民人数
emigration n. 移居(出境)，移民
remain
【原句回放】In many ways, blues music remains an important element in many of today’s popular tunes．在很多方面，布鲁斯音乐在许多当今流行曲调中仍然是一个重要因素。(P32)
【点拨】 remain (1)vi.
1)留下，停留，逗留
He remained in the hospital for a solid month．
他在医院里住了整整一个月。
2)剩下，余留，残存
Only a bowl and a pair of chopsticks remained on the table．
桌子上只剩下一个碗和一双筷子。
3)保持，继续，仍然处于，依然
I haven’t seen them for ten years．They remain as they were．
我10年没见他们了，他们还是从前那样。
4)留待，尚待
The most difficult part remains to you to complete it．
最难做的这一部分留给你去完成。
5)取决于，属于
The honour remained with our motherland．
光荣属于我们的祖国。
(2)n.
1)(常用复数)遗迹，剩余物，残骸
After the wheat crop has been gathered，many farmers burn the remains and plough the ash into the soil，so as to enrich it．
小麦收割完后，许多农夫把剩余物烧掉，然后用犁把灰埋入地里，以使土地更肥沃。
The remains of the wooden hull are fragile and need special handling．
木船体的残骸是很不牢固的，搬动时需要特别小心。
2)(常用复数)遗体，尸体，遗骨
His remains lie in the churchyard．
他的遗体安葬在教堂的墓地。
易混辨析
remain，stay
这两个词均有“停留，逗留”之意。
remain指某人或某物仍留在原处或保持原来的状态。
stay普通用词，多指人在某地暂时逗留。有时可指较长时间的停留。
常用结构
remain in bed卧床，不起身
remain of从……留下，剩下
remain cool保持凉爽，保持冷静，镇定自若
remain in待在家里
remain out待在外面，留在户外
remain up过了就寝时间还不去睡
归纳拓展
remainder n. 剩余物，其他的人，残余；v. 廉价出售
remainderman n. 不动产继承人，剩余土地继承人
remaindership n. 残留权，继承权
remaining adj. 剩余的

develop
【原句回放】Rock‘n’ roll developed from fast blues．摇滚乐起源于快节奏的布鲁斯音乐。(P32)
【点拨】 develop (1)vi.
1)(国家独立后在经济、社会、政治等方面的)发展，进步，进展，扩展，扩充
Industry is developing rapidly．工业正在迅速发展。
2)生长，成长，长大，发育，生育，变得更好
Their reading skills were developing at a rapid pace．
他们的阅读技巧迅速提高。
3)形成，逐渐产生，发生，演变
Cancer developed rapidly in the lab-mice．
实验鼠身上的癌症迅速恶化。
4)显现，显露，显示，展开，(逐渐)显现出来，变得显而易见，变得明显
The plot develops slowly．阴谋慢慢败露。
5)因而产生，接着产生，接踵而来(from)
He has developed from a child into an adult．他已长大成人。
6)显影
With this instant film the picture develops in only one minute．
用这种快速胶卷，照片仅用一分钟就会显影。
(2)vt.
1)使发展，开发，使发达，开拓，建设，扩展
The council house is planning to develop the area to the east of the town centre．
市政厅计划开发市中心以东的地区。
2)增进，增强，使成长，使发育，使(肌肉)发达，使演化，使演变，使出现
The students developed their reading skills further during this term．本学期学生们进一步提高了阅读技巧。
3)制订，研制，培育，使形成，使(个性等)逐渐展现
Develop a staff work schedule．制定一份职员工作表。
4)详述，详尽阐述，使展开，发挥，发扬，把(主题或情节)逐步展现出来
If you develop the idea further, I will be interested in discussing it．如果你进一步阐述这个论点，我将有兴趣讨论它。
5)开发(土地、资源等)，在(土地)上进行建设，扩建(房屋、公路等)
The builders are developing that part of city．
建设者们正在建设城市的那部分地区。
6)(开始)患(病)
I developed a cold last week．上周我患了感冒。
7)使(胶卷等)显影，显像，冲洗(照片)
How long will it take to develop these pictures?
冲印这些照片要花多长时间?
常用结构
develop an interest发展兴趣
develop skills发展技能
develop an habit养成习惯
归纳拓展
developed adj. 成熟的，发达的
developer n. 开发者
developing adj. 发展中的
development n. 发展，显影
developmental adj. 发展上的，进化的，启发的

recommend
【原句回放】I would like to recommend Jim Liu to take part in the Show．我想推荐吉姆·刘参加表演。(P33)
【点拨】 recommend vt. & vi.
(1)推荐，介绍，赞许某人/某事物
Can you recommend a classmate who can take up the job?
你能不能推荐一位能承担这项工作的同学?
(2)劝告，建议
I recommend caution in dealing with this matter．
我建议慎重处理此事。
(3)(特质等)使……显得可取，使……受欢迎
This plan has much to recommend it．
这项计划有很多可取之处。
(4)托，托付
She recommended her baby to the care of an old woman．
她把婴儿托付给一位老妇人照管。
常用结构
recommend to交付
recommend sth. to sb. 向某人推荐某物
recommend sb. for sth. 推荐某人担任某职位
recommend sb. as...推荐某人当……
recommend doing sth. 劝告/建议做某事
recommend sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
归纳拓展
recommendation n. m推荐，劝告，正式建议，推荐信
recommended adj. 被推荐的
recommendable adj. 可推荐的，值得推荐的
重点短语
go for
【原句回放】Kong goes for folk! 孔祥东尝试民族音乐!(P26)
【点拨】go for(1)去请/找/拿，为……去
When she found that the baby still had a high temperature after twelve hours，the young mother decided to go for a doctor．
当那位年轻母亲发现宝宝在12小时后仍高烧不退，她决定去请医生。
(2)争取，试图获得，相信，信赖，指望
I’d go for that job if I were a graduate．
如果我是个毕业生，我会争取那个职位。
(3)外出(进行某活动)
Anna asked Philip if he would like to go for a walk with them．
安娜问菲利浦是否愿意与她们一起出去散步。
(4)支持，拥护，赞成，主张，确信
The public went for his ideas．公众赞成他的观点。
(5)喜欢，被……吸引，热恋，爱上
Do you go for modern art?你喜欢现代艺术吗?
(6)抨击，痛骂，袭击
My wife went for me because I was late for dinner．
由于我赴宴迟到遭到了妻子的痛斥。
(7)对……适用，适用于，包括
Your sister is a selfish girl and that goes for you，too．
你姐姐是个自私的女孩，你也是如此。
(8)被认为是……
she goes for a doctor，but I don’t think she ever studied or practiced medicine．
人们把她看成一名医生，不过，我想她从未学过医，也没有当过医生。
(9)打算成为
His son is going for a lawyer．他儿子打算成为一名律师。
(10)选择，宁愿要
I think I’d go for that job；it looks easy．
我想我宁愿要那份工作，它看起来容易。
(11)以……价格卖出
How much does the car go for?这辆汽车要卖多少钱?
at times
【原句回放】He was made to practise the piano so much that，at times，he thought about giving up．母亲让他每天花很长时间练习弹奏钢琴，有时他都想放弃了。(P26)
【点拨】 at times有时，偶尔，不时
Tom goes to school by bicycle at times．
汤姆有时骑自行车上学。
归纳拓展
at a time每次，逐一
in time及时
on time准时
all the time一直
from time to time有时，不时地
for the time being暂时
at the time 那时候
at one time 曾经，一度
ahead of time提前
in no time立刻，很快
have a good time玩得很愉快
once upon a time从前
kill time消磨时间
it’s about time是……时候了/该……
at all times总是，随时，永远
at any time随时
at no time从不
by the time到……时候
every time每次
for the first time第一次
have a rough time吃苦受难
in one’s time在某人一生中
take one’s time从容不迫
in some ways
【原句回放】But after years of performing，he felt that in some ways he had lost his identity．但是多年演奏之后，他觉得自己在某些方面迷失了。(P26)
that in some ways he had lost his identity是由that引导的宾语从句。
【点拨】in some ways在某些方面
The changes are beneficial in some ways but not in others．
这些变革在某些方面有好处，在某些方面没好处。
归纳拓展
all the way一路上，自始至终
be in one’s way挡道，妨碍某人，阻挠某人
by the way顺路，在途中，顺便说，附带说说
by way of经由，经过，作为，作出……样子
clear/pave/smooth the way for sth. 为……铺平道路
elbow one’s way挤着向前走
feel one’s way谨慎小心地进行
find one’s way out of设法走出，摆脱
fight one’s way奋斗前进，打开一条道路
force/push/squeeze one’s way挤(出去)，冲(出去)
give way(to)让步，退让
in a way在某种程度上，不完全地
in any way无论如何，在任何情况下
in every way在各方面，完全
in no way决不，无论如何不
in the way挡住路，妨碍
in this way这样，以这种方式
keep out of the way避开
lead the way带路
lose one’s way迷路，迷失方向，忘记宗旨
make way for 为……让路
no way[美口]无论如何不，决不
on one’s way to去……的途中
on the way在途中
under way在进行中，发生，在航行中
back and forth
【原句回放】They are dressed in beautiful costumes，skipping back and forth to the rhythm of loud drums．他们身着亮丽的服装，和着响亮的锣鼓声儿，扭来扭去。(P28)
【点拨】 back and forth来回地，反复地
The guard walked back and forth in front of the gate．警卫在大门前走来走去。
He rocked back and forth in his rocking chair．他坐在摇椅里前后摇晃着。
归纳拓展
to and fro来来回回
far and forth到处，远处
early and late从早到晚
here and there到处，处处
up and down来回，往复，上上下下
day and night日日夜夜地
far and near远近，到处，四面八方
for better or worse不论好坏
refer to
【原句回放】Specifically，classical music refers to orchestral music of the 18th and early 19th century．确切地说，古典音乐指的是18世纪和19世纪初的管弦音乐。(P32)
【点拨】 refer to
(1)涉及，谈到，提到，关系到
He never referred to his sisters in his letters．
他在信里从未提到过他的姊妹们。
(2)提交(某人或某机关考虑、办理或决定)
They referred their plan to the management．
他们将计划提交管理部门。
(3)认为……起源于，认为……与……有关，归功/归咎于，归于
Mr. White referred his success to his hard work．
怀特先生说他的成功是靠勤劳工作获得的。
(4)引证，查阅，参考
If you don’t know the spelling of a word，you should refer to a dictionary．
如果你不会拼写一个单词，你应当查一下词典。
(5)向(某人)查询，让……找……(处理)
For further details，I refer you to the advisory department．
详细情况请与咨询处联系。
(6)适用于
These regulations refer to every foreigner．
这些规章适用于每一个外国人。
(7)指……而言(as)
All his classmates referred to him as“Blackbeard”．
他的同学都称他为“黑胡子”。
常用结构
refer oneself to依赖，求助于
refer to...as...把……称作……
refer sb. to sth. / sb. 向某人征询有关的某事/某人
归纳拓展
refer v. 把……提交，谈及，咨询，参考
referee n. 仲裁人，调解人，裁判员 v. 仲裁，裁判
reference n. 参考，出处，参照
referral n. 提名
referable adj. 可与……相关的

start off
【原句回放】Blues started off as the music of African slaves brought to the United States．布鲁斯音乐源于由非洲奴隶带到美国的音乐。(P32)
【点拨】 start off
1)开始走，出发，迅速移开(亦作Start away)
They started off to Normandie at midnight．
他们在午夜踏上了开赴诺曼底的征程。
2)(使)开始，(使)从事，把……作为开始
What made her start off on this weekend marathon?
是什么使她加入到周末的马拉松赛跑中去的呢?
3)(使)开始(喋喋不休地说起来)
She will start off if she begins．
如果让她说起话来，她就会说个不停。
4)[口语](先提出某个特殊问题以)开始其谈话
He started off by pointing out that we should go to the heart of the problem．
他开始谈话时首先指出我们得抓住问题的要害。
归纳拓展
start off with sth．开始做某事
start off doing sth．开始做某事
bring to
【原句回放】Blues started off as the music of African slaves brought to the United States．布鲁斯音乐源于由非洲奴隶带到美国的音乐。(P32)
【点拨】bring to
1)带来
What should I bring to the picnic?
我该带什么去野餐?
2)使(昏厥的人)恢复知觉，使复苏，使苏醒(亦作bring round)
When Jack nearly drowned，they brought him to by artificial respiration．
当杰克快淹死时，他们用人工呼吸使他恢复知觉。
3)使(船)停驶
The ship was brought to by the firing of a gun across her bows．
那艘船在船首受鸣枪警告而被迫停驶。
4)使(花费等)达到，使共计(某数)
The suit brought the bill to over $200．
这套衣服花费200多美元。
5)以(某种态度等)看待(或处理)某事
To his new job he brought knowledge gained at first hand．
他将获得的第一手的知识用于他的新工作。
归纳拓展
bring to an end结束
bring to front置前
bring to life叫醒，使……精力充沛，回忆起
bring to light揭示，发现，公开
bring to mind想起，回忆起
bring to ruin倾家荡产，丧失地位，使失败
bring fame to带来名声
bring about带来，造成，发生，引起
bring down打倒，使倒下，使崩溃，杀死
bring in引进，引入
bring sb. around/round使恢复知觉
bring forth产生，生产
be related to
【原句回放】 It is closely related to the music of West Africa．它与西非的音乐有着紧密的联系。(P32)
【点拨】 be related to
(1)与……有关
This fact may be related to both the training intensity and the length of training course．
这个事实可能与训练强度和训练时间的长度有关。
(2)与……相关的，同……有亲戚关系的
Violence is an issue closely related to law and soft violence seems to be related to marriage ethics．
如果说硬暴力是一个和法律密切相关的问题，那么软暴力似乎是一个和婚姻伦理相关的问题。
归纳拓展
relate v. 讲，叙述，使联系，有关系
relater n. 讲述者，叙述者
relation n. 关系，家人，亲戚，叙述，陈述
relationship n. 关系，联系
relative adj. 相对的，比较的n．亲戚，亲属
relatively adv. 比较地，相对地
grow out of
【原句回放】Jazz grew out of blues．爵士乐源于布鲁斯音乐(P32)
【点拨】 grow out of
(1)由某物引起/产生
Arguments often grow out of misunderstanding．
争论往往是由误会引起的。
(2)年龄增长不再做……
He’s grown out of his habit of wetting the bed．
他现在已经长大了，不再尿床了。
(3)长得太大不能再穿某物
My daughter has grown out of all her old clothes．
我的女儿已经长大，所有衣服都穿不下了。
常用结构
grow in 在……方面成长
grow on 对(人)有越来越大的影响，越来越被……喜爱
归纳拓展
growth n. 成长，增加
take part in
【原句回放】If Jim took part in the Talent Show，he’d win it for sure．如果吉姆参加才艺表演，他肯定会赢。(P33)
If Jim took part in the Talent Show是由if引导的条件状语从句。
【点拨】take part in参加……，参与……活动
John takes part in many school activities．
约翰参加很多学校活动。
Did you take part in the last basketball game?
你参加篮球决赛了吗?
易混辨析
take part in，join，join in，attend
(1)take part in指参加会议或群众性活动，重在说明句子主语参加该项活动并在其中发挥作用。如：
The teacher took part in our discussion yesterday．
昨天那位老师参加了我们的讨论。
(2)join意为“加入某一种组织，成为一员”，join后面还可接表示人的名词或代词，表示加入到某人或某些人的行列。如：
My uncle joined the Party in 1978．
我叔叔是1978年入党的。
(3)join in表示“加入，参与”某种活动，in之后可接名词或动词-ing形式，表示“参加某人的活动”可以说join sb. in(doing) sth.。如：
Will you join us in playing basketball?
你跟我们一起打篮球好吗?
(4)attend意为“出席，参加”，指参加会议或仪式、婚礼、葬礼、典礼、上课、上学、听报告等，强调的是这一动作的本身，而不强调参加者在活动中起作用。如：
All the children of school age in our village have attended school．我们村的所有学龄儿童都已上学了。
常用结构
take care当心，小心
take care of照顾，照看，对……负责
take hold of sth．抓住某物
take(the)first place居首位，得第一
take a holiday休假
take a day off请一天假
take photos拍照
take one’s time 不匆忙，不急于，慢慢来，浪费时间，拖延
take one’s temperature测量体温
take steps采取步骤
take office就职
take after学……的榜样，仿效，追赶，追捕
take apart使分开，拆开
take away拿走，夺走
take back收回(前言)，同意退回
take in留宿，收留，欺骗，蒙骗
take off取/脱下，拆下，切除，(飞机)起飞
take over接收/管，取而代之
take to喜欢，沉迷于，养成……的习惯
重点句型
so that引导的目的状语从句
【原句回放】She had to draw piano keys on a piece of paper so that he could learn to play as early as possible．在此之前，母亲不得不把钢琴键画在一张纸上，以便他能尽可能早地学钢琴。(P26)
【点拨】 so that he could learn to play as early as possible是so that引导的目的状语从句。
(1)so that
1)so that结果，以致，引导结果状语从句，有时so可以省去。
She took an early bus，so that she arrived there in time．
We grew many flowers，so that the garden looked more beautiful．
2)so that以便，引导目的状语从句，从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：can，could，may，might，should等。so可以省略。
Let’s take the front seats(so) that we may see more clearly．
I’ll speak slowly so that you can understand me．
易混辨析
so that引导的目的状语从句和结果状语从句的区别：
1)so that引导的目的状语从句中常会有情态动词can，could，may，might，will，would等，而so that引导的结果状语从句中一般没有情态动词。
2)so that引导的目的状语从句之前不用逗号，而so that引导的结果状语从句与主句之间往往有逗号相隔开(即略作停顿)。
归纳拓展
引导目的状语从句的连词有：that，so that，in order that，for fear that，lest等。
1)in order that为了，相当于so that，在从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：can，could，may，might，should等。
School was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm．
学校早早关了门以便孩子们能在暴风雨来临之前回到家。
2)for fear that生怕，为了防止(某事发生)。
He took the name down for fear that he should forget it．
他记下了那个名字生怕忘了。
3)in case万一
Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold．
最好多带点衣服以防天气变冷。
4)lest以防万一
The man decided to tell his boss the fact lest he would be angry with him．这个男人决定告诉他的老板这个事实以防他会生他的气。
so...that...引导的结果状语从句
【原句回放】He was made to practise the piano so much that，at times，he thought about giving up．母亲让他每天花很长时间练习弹奏钢琴，有时他都想放弃了。(P26)
【点拨】 so much that，at times，he thought about giving up是so...that...引导的结果状语从句。
(1)so...that...如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句，其中so是副词，so后面应用形容词或副词，有时省略so只用that。如：
Boeing 747 is so large that people like to call it jet bomb．
波音747飞机是如此的巨大以至于人们喜欢把它叫做喷气推进炸弹。
so的结构归纳如下：
so+ +that从句
He earned so little money that he couldn’t support his family．
他挣的钱如此微薄以至于不能养家糊日。
归纳拓展
1)such...that...太……以至于……，用法与so...that...相同，但such后面应用名词。其结构如下：
a/an+形容词+可数名词单数形式
such+ 形容词+可数名词复数形式 +that从句
形容词+不可数名词
The foreign visitor was such a fast speaker that nobody could understand him．
那位外国游客说话如此快以至于没人能听懂。
2)so…that…与such…that…的转换
so+形容词+a/an+名词+that=such + a/an+形容词+名词+that。如：
The Canadian airline’s hangar is so huge a building that it can hold two medium-range jets at the same time．
加拿大航空公司飞机库是如此巨大的一个建筑以至于它可以同时容纳两架中型喷气飞机。
whether...or...引导的让步状语从句
【原句回放】Whether Kong is changing his appearance or transforming his music，he is a pioneer in music today．不管孔祥东是正在改变他的形象还是在对音乐进行改革，他都是当今音乐界的先锋。(P26)
【点拨】Whether Kong is changing his appearance or transforming his music是由whether...or...(不管……还是……)引导的让步状语从句。
(1)whether...or...可以引导包含选择范围的让步状语从句，意为“不管……还是……”。如：
I shall go，whether you come with me or stay at home．
不论你是跟我一起来还是留在家中，我都要去。
Whether she wins or loses，this is her last chance．
不管是赢是输，这都是她的最后一次机会。
温馨提示
句型“be+主语+表语+or+表语”相当于whether...or...引导的让步状语从句。
Be it cheap or dear，I will take it．
We should put our energy into our work，be it mental like the work of a scientist or physical like the work of a smith．
过去分词短语作定语
【原句回放】Blues started off as the music of African slaves brought to the United States．布鲁斯音乐源于由非洲奴隶带到美国的音乐。(P32)
【点拨】 brought to the United States是过去分词短语作定语，修饰名词African slaves。
(1)过去分词作定语
过去分词作定语，表示被动或完成，与所修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。如：
The fire destroyed the house built by his father last night．
温馨提示
1)作定语的过去分词一般是及物动词的过去分词，因为只有及物动词才有被动意义。也有用不及物动词的过去分词作定语的情况，但一般作前置定语，它不表示被动意义，只表示主动意义，强调动作的完成。如：
My father is a retired worker．
我父亲是名退休工人。
2)单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前，如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no + thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，即使一个单个的分词作定语，也要放在被修饰词的后面。单个分词作后置定语，用以强调动作，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
3)作前置定语的某些动词的过去分词形式与作谓语或表语的过去分词形式往往不一样。
原形
用作定语
用作表语或谓语
drink
drunken
drunk
light
lighted
lit
sink
sunken
sunk
as引导的状语
【原句回放】As with blues，one of the important elements of jazz is improvisation．和布鲁斯音乐一样，即席创作是爵士乐的重要特色之一。(P32)
【点拨】 As with blues是由As引导的状语，省略了一部分成分，完整句式是As it is the same with blues。
as with=as it is the same with
(1)与……一样，正如
As with life，art is full of adventures and possibilities．
就像生活一样，艺术也充满了冒险与机会。
(2)就……来说
As with all graffiti，the interpretation of the piece is left up to the viewer．
对于所有的涂鸦来说，作品所演绎的概念在乎观者。
As with any oral language，everything begins with listening．
对于任何一种口语来说，一切都是从听开始的。
归纳拓展
as well as也．和
as...go(es)就……来说……
as far as至于，远到
as long as和……一样长，只要
as soon as一……就……
as it is实际上，照现在的样子，就照这样子
as for/to至于，关于
as from从……时起，以……时候开始
as yet到目前为止
巩固练习
选词填空
1．The police are trying to discover the________(身份) of the driver who knocked down the young man last midnight.
2．Mike，who was my neighbour ten years ago，is known as a famous________(钢琴家) now.
3．He was a lazy man before，but the stress of life________(改变) his character.
4．I decide to give up drawing，because I really don’t have any________(天赋) for art.
5．The story about the poor Chinese girl attracted w ________attention；an American couple even went to the small village where the girl lived to see her.
6．Have you met Mrs. White today？You can tell from her a________ that she has been ill.
7．Susan got a new h________ so that we almost couldn’t recognize her at once.
8．My father q________ his job last week and my family will move to Shanghai next month.
用所给短语的正确形式填空

1．____________Jane’s birthday party，we gave her presents and then we sang the birthday song to her.
2．Tom ____________pop music and he often listens to it in his spare time.
3．Mr. Black plays tennis with his friend____________，because he is busy with his business most of the time.
4．Though the boy isn’t good at studying，____________，he is very clever.
5．We missed the bus to our destination ____________his being late，so we had to go there the next day.
句型转换
1．My foreign friend Ted’s coming to my city was a surprise to me.
My foreign friend Ted’s coming to my city________ ________.
2．If you keep on working hard，you will reach your goal before long.
If you keep on working hard，you will________ ________ ________before long.
3．It is difficult to solve the problem，but we need to have a go.
It is difficult to solve the problem，but we need to________ ________ ________.
4．The room where Professor Wang gave us a speech can seat five hundred students.
The room________ ________Professor Wang gave us a speech can ________five hundred students.
单项填空
1．Where is the key ________the meeting room?
A．to　　B．of C．for D．on
2．Carbon dioxide ________from burning fuels is the most common of the so -called greenhouse gases.
A．producing B．having been produced C．to be produced D．produced
3．He waited until it was dark ________nobody could see him clearly.
A．so that B．in order to C．although D．however
4．We should ________be aware of our own shortcomings and weaknesses.
A．at times B．at all times C．at a time D．at one time
5．They ________work at 5 p．m. and then go home.
A．quilt B．quit C．do D．start
6．Sorry I missed your concert，________I was out of town and couldn’t make________.
A．and；it B．for；it C．as；this D．because；this
7．Although it is a failure，________this is a good thing.
A．to some ways B．on some ways C．in some ways D．on the way
8．The boy made a wonderful ________by being dressed as Superman.
A．friend B．appearance C．enemy D．importance
9．—Don’ t you know the school will provide us with everything，from bed sheets to drinking cups?
—Yes. I am bringing this basin ________I need it.
A．for fear of B．in case C．as long as D．so that
10．—Do you know the reason ________pilots turn off the plane’s lights before taking off?
—The practice is for the passengers to adjust to the dark ________an emergency.
A．why；for fear that B．for which；in case of
C．how；for fear of D．that；in case
选词填空
1．identity　2.pianist　3.transformed　4.talent
5．worldwide　6.appearance　7.hairstyle　8.quit
用所给短语的正确形式填空
1．At the beginning of　2.goes for　3.at times　4.in some ways　5.because of
句型转换
1．surprised me　2.achieve your goal　3.have a try　4.in which；admit
单项填空
1．【解析】选A。the key to sth.……的钥匙。
2．【解析】选D。carbon dioxide和produce之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故要使用过去分词作后置定语。动词不定式作后置定语通常表示将要发生的事情；而having(been)done形式不能作后置定语。
3．【解析】选A。此题题意为：他一直等到天黑，以便于没有人能够看清楚他。so that引导目的状语从句。in order to后面需要加动词原形。
4．【解析】选B。此题考查的是time短语的辨析。此题题意为：我们应当在任何时候都要清楚我们自己的缺点。at times“有时候”；at all times“任何时候”；at a time“每次”；at one time“曾经，一度”。
5．【解析】选B。由后面的“then go home”可知“他们在下午五点的时候下班”。quit work停止工作。
6．【解析】选B。此处表示一种显而易见的原因，所以要使用for来引导原因状语从句；make it是固定短语，意思是“成功地做成某事”。
7．【解析】选C。in some ways“在一定程度上”。句意为：尽管这是一次失败，但在一定程度上这是一件好事。
8．【解析】选B。make an appearance“露面”，句意为：男孩装扮成超人出场，获得了成功。
9．【解析】选B。此题考查的是in case引导的目的状语从句。句意为：……我把盆带来万一我能用到。
10．【解析】选B。第一个空是一个定语从句的引导词，先行词是the reason，在定语从句中作状语，用why或者是for which来引导，排除答案C和D；A选项中的for fear that后面需要加从句的形式，故此题答案选B。