Unit 1 Women of achievement Grammer主谓一致 课件（幻灯片47张）

(共47张PPT)
用动词的适当形式填空
1. I ____ a student. (be)
2. He _____ good at English. (be)
3. You ____ late for class again. (be)
4. They ______ many new books. (have)
5. She _____ two sisters. (have)
am
is
are
have
has
根据主语决定与其一致的单数或复数的谓语
Subject ---Verb Agreement
(主谓一致)
主谓一致指主语和谓语动词之间在“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系，即：　
1) 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致；　
2) 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致；　
3) 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语。
即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。
Tom is very clever.
Two girls were standing on the corner.
There is no milk in the bottle.
语法一致
The worker and writer ____ (be) from Wuhan.
The worker and the writer _____ (be) from Beijing.
is
are
1. 当主语由and连结时，如果表示同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，此时and后面的名词无冠词。
如表示不同的人或物时，谓语动词用复数，此时and后面的名词有冠词。
Going out for a walk after supper is a good habit.
晚饭后出去散步是一个好习惯。
To see is to believe.
眼见为实。

Whether we’ll go depends on the weather.
我们是否去要取决于天气的好坏。
2. 动词不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。
Something ____ (has / have) gone wrong with my watch.
Anybody who _______ ( break / breaks) the rule will be punished.
3. 不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
has
breaks
Two pictures ______ on the wall, which attract many people.
On the wall _____ two pictures, which attract many people.
Their teacher ______ among the students, who is in her thirties.
Among the students _____ their teacher, who is in her thirties.
4. 倒装句中的语法一致
are
are
stands
stands
5. 由分数或百分数+名词作主语时，谓语动词的形式与of 后面的名词的数一致，即分数或百分数+of+不可数名词或单数名词，谓语动词用单数；分数或百分数+of+复数名词，谓语动词用复数。
Ten percent of the pupils _____ absent today.
Three-fourths of the surface of the earth ____ sea.
are
is
6. 连接的并列主语被each, every, no 修饰或many a+ 名词，谓语动词用单数 each of +复数代词，谓语动词用单数
Each of us has something to say.
我们每个人都有些话要说。
1. Many a boy ______ (have) made such a funny experiment.
2. Every means _______ (have) been tried since then.
3. Each actor and (each) actress_______ (be) invited to our school.
4. Every boy and (every) girl _____ (have) got a toy train.
5. No teacher and no student ______ (agree) to have classes on Sunday.
has
agrees
has
has
is
A number of the students ____ (have) gone for an outing.
The number of the students _____ (be) increasing year after year.
have
is
7. A number of + 复数名词，表许多的……，谓语用复数
The number of +复数名词，表……的数量，谓语用单数
即主语形式上为单数、但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数、但表示单数意义，这时谓语动词用单数形式。
意义一致
1.由集体名词, 如group, family, class, government, team, public, enemy, crowd, audience, club, party, crew等作主语时，如果看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；如果看成其中各成员，则用复数形式。
His family is very large.　
他家是一个大家庭。
His family are music lovers.　
他的家人都是音乐爱好者。
is
are
The team ____ some good players. (have)
The team ____ handsome. (be)
The group ____ made up of nine students.
The group____ dancing happily.
has
are
Choose the correct verb form to complete the following sentences.
1. The research group (is / are) made up
of five people.
2. What (do / does) the group want for
their lunch?
3. Our family (is / are) not poor any more.
4. He has to worry. His family (is / are)
waiting for him.
5. The class (is / are) more than forty in
number.
is
do
is
are
is
6.The class (have / has) disagreed among
themselves about where they should go and
have a picnic.
7.The government (has / have) spent more
than two million yuan in planting trees.
8.The city government ( has / have)
different opinions about next year’s plan.
have
has
have
注意：集体名词 people, police, cattle等在任何情况下谓 语动词都用复数形式。
9.The police________ (is / are) searching for the
thief.
are
1). 不定代词each, another, the other, either,
neither作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如:
Neither of us has gone through regular training.
none 作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数，这要取决于说话人的看法。如:
None of us seem to have thought of it.
None of us has got a camera. (None = not a single one)
2. 代词作主语
2). both, (a) few, many, several作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式。如:
Both (of) the instruments are not precise
ones.
3). all作主语表示人时,谓语动词用复数; 表示物时，谓语动词用单数。如:
All is well that ends well.
All are eager to reach an agreement.
3. Neither of us _________ (was/were) ready
when the party began.
4. None of them __________ (has/have)
watched the talk show.
have / has
was / were
1. None of these people _____ (be) doctors.
2. Neither of them _____ (be) a good singer.
are
is
3. 表示时间、距离、金钱等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时，谓语动词则用单数形式。
Two years ______ passed since I left Ningbo.
One million dollars _____ a great sum of money.
has
is
1). Every means _____ (have) been tried since then.
2). No news ____ good news. (is / are)
3). Maths / Physics ____ the subject that I like most. (is / are)
4. 以-s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如news, maths, physics, the United States, works等作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
is
is
has
Tom is one of the students who _____ good at playing football.
Tom is the only one of the students who _____ good at playing football.
are
is
[注意]在“one of+复数名词+关系代词”的结构中，定语从句中谓语动词用复数形式；但是若前有the only、将其限定为只有一个时，谓语动词用单数形式。
5. 表示“全体、部分”等意义的词作主语时的主谓一致
1). 当主语是most, the rest, the last, the
　remainder等时，其谓语一般应遵循意义一致的原则：如果of后面的名词是单数，则用单数；如果of后面的名词表示复数，则用复数。
Three of us will go and the rest are to stay here.
　我们中的三个人去，其余的人留在这里。
After the big fire, the remainder is nothing.
　 大火之后什么也没剩下。　
2). 当town, school, village 等分别表示总称的“镇民”、“全校师生”、“村民”时，谓语动词可以用单数，也可以用复数。有时可用the 或加形容词whole修饰。如:
The whole school were / was sorry when she left.
The whole town is / are in agreement about the plan.
3). the＋形容词 / 过去分词作主语
the＋adj. 表示一类人，谓语动词用复数，如the old, the young, the rich, the poor等
the+ adj.表示某个人或一类抽象的事物，谓语动词用单数，如the beautiful, the good等
The old ____ taken good care of in our society.
The wounded ____ a young boy.
The beautiful ____not always the same as the good.
are
was
is
即谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。
A or B
Not A but B
Either A or B
Neither A nor B
Not only A but also B
+ Verb
There / Here + Verb A and B.
就近原则
Not only you but also he is wrong.
Neither you nor he is right.
There are two shops and a cinema beside the railway station.
Here is a map and a handbook for you.
There is one television and 56 desks in our classroom.
One or two days _____ (be) enough to see the city.

2. Not the teacher, but the students _____ (be)
looking forward to seeing the film.

3. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _____ (be) tired of having one examination after another.
Practice
are
are
are
4. Neither my wife nor I myself _____ (be) able to persuade my daughter to change her mind．
5. Either she or you _____ (be) going to visit Beijing.
6. More than one man _____ (have) died in the accident.

7. More than five men _____ (have) died in the accident.
am
are
has
have
“主语+ 附属结构” 作主语，谓语动词与主语一致
当主语后面跟有as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, with, like, rather than, together with, but, except, besides, including等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数由主语的单、复数而定。
注意：
All but one were here just now.
A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift.
A worker together with some soldiers is about to help us.
It is important to remember that success ________ (be) a sum of small efforts made each day and often ________ (take) years to achieve.
典型例题
is
takes
【解析】主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。根据分析，第一空的谓语要填一个单数，因为此宾语从句：…that success a sum of…的主语是success，一个单数名词，故谓语要用is；后面的句子：…often ___ years to achieve.的主语也是success，故第二空的谓语也是一个单数形式。
All we need ______ a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.
解析：考查主谓一致。句意：所有我们需要的只是一小块在一年的成长季节里 能够种植各种各样的果树的土地。all作主语时，如指 复数概念，动词用复数；如指单数概念， 动词用单 数。根据后面的 a small piece of land可知这里表示单数概念。
is
The famous musician, as well as his students, _______ (be) invited to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.
解析：题干主语中心词为介词短语as well as之前的musician， 故谓语使用单数；再根据句中标志性词语at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo可知应使用一般过去时态。
was
The university estimates that living expenses for international students ________ (be) around $8,450 a year, which ________ (v) a burden for some of them.
解析：考查主谓一致。第一空主语为living expenses，用复数谓语；第二空which指代生活费$8,450 ，在定语从句中作主语，谓语应用单数。
are
is
Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others ________ (be) essential to their development.
解析：考查主谓一致和动词时态。主语为motivation，故谓语为单数；根据语境及generally可知，描述的为一般情况，故使用一般现在时态。
is
All the scientific evidence ______ (show) that increasing use of chemicals in farming ______ (be) damaging our health.
解析：主语是evidence “证据（不可数名词）”，所以谓语动词应用单数shows，宾语从句的主语是use “使用（不可数名词） ” ，所以要用is。
shows
is
The basketball coach, as well as his team, _____ interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.
解析：考查动词时态和主谓一致。主语中心词是the basketball coach，是单数，根据shortly after the match可以推断出题干时态是一般过去时，故填was。
was
Nobody but Betty and Mary ______ (be) late for class yesterday．

2. A woman with some children _______ (be) coming soon．

3. Everything, including the clothes, ______ stolen that evening.
Practice
was
is
was
4. No one except my parents _______ (know) anything about this.

5. The teacher, as well as the students, _______ (read) the book already．

6. All but one ____________ (kill) in the accident．
knows
has read
were killed
7. One or two days ______ (be) enough to see the city．

8. Neither my wife nor I myself ______ (be) able to persuade my daughter to change her mind．

9. The team ______ (be) so large that there are not enough gifts for all members.

are
am
is
10. The elderly who lost their children in the war _____________ (take) good care of in the village now.
11. A library with five thousand books _________ (offer) to the nation as a gift.

12. When and where to build the new factory ______ (be) not decided yet.

have been taken
is offered
is
13. The number of people invited ______ (be) fifty, but a number of them _______ (be) absent for different reasons.

14. E-mail, as well as telephones, _______ (play) an important part in daily communication.

15. Two fifths of the land in that district ______ (be) covered with trees and grass.
was
were
is playing
is
16. No one but her parents ______ (know) it. ? 17. The results of the examination ______ (show) that you have all made great progress. ? 18. Here ________ (be) a new pair of shoes for you.

19. —How ______ (be) your family? —Very well, thank you.
knows????
is
show
was
20. It is said that the girl and her brother ______ (come) from Africa.
21. “If anybody _______ to buy the book, please put down his name,” said the mother to her sons.
come
wants
Homework
1. Review Subject ---Verb Agreement in Grammar on P 88 and 89.
2. Finish exercises in Discovering useful structures and in Using structures in Workbook.