(共40张PPT)
Have you ever heard about white agriculture, green agriculture or blue agriculture?
What do they mean?
Features of different methods of farming
fish
water plants
traditional
soil
oceans
lakes
water
nourished
Green
Agriculture __________ farming; grow plants in _____.
Blue
Agriculture Farm ______or ____________in natural sources of water such as ________ or ______.
White
Agriculture Plants are grown in _______.
The plants are __________by a mixture of water and fertilizer.
It is predicted that 70% of the world’s population will live in urban areas by 2050. No doubt farms outside urban areas alone will not completely satisfy the large food demand in urban areas. Thus, urban agriculture has important benefits for food security in combination with rural regions.
To overcome the shortage of land, water and other related resources, bio and abiotic pollution, and the high cost of labour, fertilisers, water and energy, modern hydroponics (水耕法) and soilless culture (无土栽培) will play an important role in future food production.
What do you know about chemical farming or organic farming?
Which kind of farming makes green food? Why?
* grown in _______ air
* free of p________
* ____ _____ nutrition
* do ______ to people’s health
and the e___________
* Food tastes ________
clean
ollution
rich in
good
nvironment
Advantages of organic farming
better
Read the passage on Page 14 quickly to find out the main idea of each part.
Part 1 (Para. 1-2):
Part 2 (Para. 3-4):
Organic farming and its advantages
Problems caused by chemical fertilizers
Reading
Read the passage again and answer the following questions.
1. Why are chemical fertilizers so popular in
farming today?
2. What problems can be caused by using
chemical fertilizers?
3. What is organic farming?
4. What is the main reason for using organic
farming methods?
Why are chemical fertilizers so popular in farming today?
They are welcomed as a great way to stop crop disease and increase production.
2. What problems can be caused by using
chemical fertilizers?
They can damage the land by killing helpful bacteria and pests and by staying in the ground and underground water for a long time. They damage people’s health by building up in their bodies and leading to cancer or other illnesses.
3. What is organic farming?
Organic farming means growing crops without using any chemicals.
The main reason for using organic farming methods is to grow good food and to avoid damaging the environment or people’s health.
4. What is the main reason for using
organic farming methods?
Find and write down the methods of organic farming and its advantages in the passage.
1.This makes the soil
richer in minerals
and so more fertile.
2. Farmers often
change the kind of
crop in each field
every few years.
2. Changing the crops
renews the minerals in
the soil and helps it
become rich and
healthy.
Methods of organic farming
Advantages of methods
1. Farmers use
natural waste from
animals.
3. This uses different
levels of soil.
4. Farmers sometimes
plant grass between
crops and leave it in
the ground.
4. This prevents wind or
water from carrying
away soil and acts as
a natural fertilizer.
Methods of organic farming
Advantages of methods
3. Farmers plant
crops with different
lengths of roots.
Leaving chemicals in the ground for a long time
is not good for the soil or the water supply.
2. Farmers often grow the same crop the year after.
As a result, the soil gets exhausted.
3. Chemical fertilizers kill both helpful and
harmful bacteria and pests.
What are the disadvantages of using chemical fertilizers?
… killing the helpful bacteria and pests as well as the harmful ones.
as well as “（除……之外）也，又”，可连接并列的单词或短语
He grows flowers as well as vegetables.
A teacher should entertain as well as teach.
It is unpleasant in summer as well as in winter.
Language points
as well as = not only…but also，但两者在用法上有如下不同
not only…but also侧重后者，as well as则着重前者，也就是说A as well as B = not only B but also A。例如：
Mr. Brown has experience as well as knowledge.
布朗先生不仅有知识而且有经验。（侧重前者，即experience）
Mr. Brown has not only knowledge but also experience. （着重后者，即but also后面的部分）
2. Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer
or other illnesses.
lead to 导致；造成 （to是介词，后接名词或动词-ing形式）
Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness.
Heart failure led to her father’s death.
lead to （道路）通向；通往
The street leads to the supermarket.
turn to 求助于，转向
3. … many customers are beginning to turn to organic farming.
I tried to stand on my own two feet rather than turned to my parents.
We can turn to him for help.
turn on 打开， 开启
turn off 关掉
turn down 调小；拒绝
turn up 调大
turn against sb./sth. 转而讨厌、反对 某人某事
turn out to be 最后结果，最终成为
turn into sth. 使……变成
turn in 交还，交回
turn back 掉转头
turn over 翻转
4. They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.
focus on 集中注意力于……
As I said before, we need to focus on the customers and their needs.
Please focus on your studies and not on your hobbies.
focus … on 使……集中于……
He focused his eyes on me.
If you focus bright sunlight on dry wood with a magnifying glass, it will start burning.
focus one’s attention on 把注意力集中到
He always wants to be the focus of attention.
He took out the binoculars and adjusted the focus.
The focus of this chapter is the American Revolution.
focus 还可以作名词，意思是“ 焦点，焦距，中心”
5. This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals.
keep … free from / of 使……免受（影响、伤害等）
We put our books in the bookcase to keep them free from dust.
keep oneself from doing sth. 克制自己不做某事
She could hardly keep herself from laughing.
keep sth. from sb. 不将某事告诉某人
I think we ought to keep the truth from him until he’s better.
Jia Sixie was an outstanding agronomist and the author of China’s first agricultural
encyclopedia.
Reading Task
Read the passage quickly and answer the question.
Why did Jia Sixie write the book Qi Min Yao Shu?
To find out he best ways for farmers to grow crops.
Read the text carefully and answer the question.
What made Jia Sixie become interested in improving Chinese farming?
2. How did he think he could help farmers?
He saw how some farms produced good crops and healthy animals while others did not.
He thought that when he found the best agricultural methods he would write them down so all farmers could read about them and get benefit.
What do you know about GM food (Genetically-modified foods)? What are the good and bad sides of it? Collect information about GM food and write an article.
Writing
Main idea
There are some possible dangers to growing and eating GM food, but here are some very great advantages.
Step 1: The advantages of growing GM food.
Step 2: Some possible dangers of growing GM food.
Step 3: Weighing the advantages against the dangers.
Conclusion
The advantages of growing and eating GM food seem to be greater than the dangers.
environmental hazards, human health risks, and economic concerns
Increase the crop yields to feed the world population;
Increase the tolerance of crops to adverse growing conditions;
Increase the protein content of rice;
…
Advantages:
Dangers:
Farmers’ proverbs & sayings
1. No weather is ill, if the wind be still.
2. Yellow sky at sunset, wind in the morrow.
3. Rain before seven, clear by eleven.
4. April showers bring May flowers.
5. Deeds are fruits, words are but leaves.
6. The best ground bears weeds as well as
flowers.
7. Never cackle unless you lay.
Homework
Finish your writing.
Get more about farming.
