2020版高考英语二轮复习（江苏专版）课件 专题一 单项填空（4份打包）

课件136张PPT。专题一 单项填空
考点1　词汇辨析
　　词汇辨析主要是动词、动词短语、名词辨析,另外还有形容词、副词、介词和介词短语的辨析。动词是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词,在历年高考题中动词辨析在词汇辨析中所占比例最大,设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词来测试考生在具体语境中对动词的理解和运用能力。考查高频词汇和常用短语的新意思(即“熟词生义”)是近几年高考的新趋势。考生需进行分类梳理、强化记忆,做题时分析选项和语境。1.名词和代词 典例1????(2019江苏,26)Nowadays the 　 ???? for travelling is shifted from shop-ping to food and scenery.
A.priority　　 B.potential
C.proportion　　D.pension思路点拨　句意:如今,旅游中优先考虑的事情从购物转变为饮食和风景。考查名词辨析。A:优先权,优先考虑的事情;B:潜能,可能性;C:比例;D:养老金,抚恤金。答案????A典例2????(2018江苏, 32)Try to understand what's actually happening instead of acting on the 　 ????you've made.
A.Assignment B.association
C.acquisition　 D.assumption思路点拨　句意:要努力去弄明白实际上正在发生的事,而不是根据自己的假设采取行动。考查名词辨析。assumption 假定;假设。符合语境。assignment任务;作业;association协会;联合;acquisition(知识、技能等的)获得,得到。答案????D典例3????(2016浙江,3)In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from　　????in the UK.
A.that　　B.this
C.one　　D.it思路点拨　句意:在许多方面,美国的教育制度与英国的教育制度没有很大差异。考查代词。首先将原句改为:In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from the education system in the UK.然后考虑用that代替特指的单数名词。答案????A2.形容词和副词
? 典例4????(2019江苏,28)Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people 　　???? options to exercise.
A.casual　　 B.regular
C.flexible　　D.tight思路点拨　句意:不同于传统健身房,应用程序支持的健身房给人们提供了灵活的健身选择。本题考查形容词词义辨析。A:随便的,漫不经心的;B:有规律的,定期的;C:灵活的,可弯曲的,有弹性的;D:紧的,严厉的。答案????C典例5????(2018江苏,34)Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is 　????????
to invest in sufficient training for his staff.
A.keen 　 　 B.reluctant
C.anxious 　 D.ready思路点拨????句意:尽管这家宾馆的服务质量很糟糕,但是宾馆经理还是不愿意在给员工足够的培训方面投资。考查形容词。reluctant勉强的,不愿意的,符合语境。keen热切的,着迷的;anxious焦急的,焦虑不安的;ready准备好的;愿意的。答案????B典例6????(2017江苏,29) Only five years after Steve Jobs' death, smart-phones
defeated　　????PCs in sales.
A.controversial　　B.contradictory
C.confidential　　 D.conventional思路点拨　句意:在Steve Jobs去世仅仅5年后,智能手机就在销量上打败了传统的个人电脑。设空处应该用形容词形式修饰后面的名词。答案????D3.介词和介词短语
? 典例7????(2019江苏,27)Favorable policies are 　　???? to encourage employees' professional development.
A.in effect　　B.in command
C.in turn　 　D.in shape思路点拨　句意:为了鼓励员工的职业发展,一些有利的政策开始生效。本题考查介词短语辨析。A:生效,实际上;B:指挥;C:轮流,依次;D:在外形上。答案????A典例8????(2018江苏,33)China's soft power grows 　　 the increasing appreciation
and understanding of China globally.
A.in line with　　 B.in reply to
C.in return for　　D.in honour of思路点拨　句意:中国软实力的增长是与全球对中国不断增长的欣赏和理解紧密相连的。考查介词短语。in line with与……相似;与……紧密相连。符合语境。in reply to答复。in return for作为回报。in honour of 为向……表示尊敬。答案????A4.动词和动词短语(1)常考点、易错点、难点整理如下:(2)整理和列出含有下列介词或副词的短语以及不同词义:in,out,to,up等。典例9????(2019江苏,34)A city is the product of the human hand and mind, 　????????
man's intelligence and creativity.
A.resembling　　B.reflecting
C.reviewing　　 D.restoring思路点拨　句意:一座城市是人类的手与大脑的产物,这反映出了人类的智慧与创造性。本题考查动词词义辨析。A:与……类似,像;B:反映,反射;C:复习,回顾,对……作评论;D:恢复,归还。答案????B典例10????(2019江苏,24)More wind power stations will 　　?? to meet the demand
for clean energy.
A.take up　　B.clear up　　C.hold up　　D.spring up思路点拨　句意:为了满足对清洁能源的需求,更多的风力发电站将会迅速出现。本题考查动词短语辨析。A:开始从事,占据(时间或空间);B:清理,放晴,消失,解决;C:举起,阻挡;D:迅速出现。答案????D典例11????(2018江苏,22)Kids shouldn't have access to violent films because they might　　????the things they see.
A.indicate　　 B.investigate
C.imitate　　 D.innovate思路点拨　句意:不应该让孩子们看暴力电影,因为他们可能会模仿自己看到的东西。考查动词辨析。indicate指出;指示。investigate调查。imitate 模仿;效仿。innovate 改革;创新。答案????C1.(2019江苏苏北七市三模)The businessman studied the market in his hometown
to find the 　　???? for investment.
A.potential　　B.reservation
C.criterion　　 D.allowance巩固技能练答案　?A　句意:为了发现投资潜力,这位商人研究了他家乡的市场。本题考查名词词义辨析。potential潜力;reservation预订,保留(意见);criterion标准;allowance津贴,限额。根据句意可知选A项。2.(2019江苏苏锡常镇教情调查二)Communication can help you gain more respect
from your parents, and you may be able to reach 　　???? that make everyone happy.
A.compromises　　 B.contributions
C.congratulations　　D.competitions答案　?A　句意:交流有助于你从父母那里获得更多的尊重,并且你们有可能达成让所有人都满意的妥协。本题考查名词词义辨析。compromise妥协;contribution贡献;congratulation祝贺;competition竞赛。reach compromises达成妥协,为常用搭配,符合句意,故选A项。3.(2019江苏南通3月联考)Member consumers of our store can enjoy some dis-counts 　　???? their membership cards when shopping.
A.in celebration of　　 B.with reference to
C.on presentation of　　 D.for submission to答案　?C　句意:本店会员顾客购物时出示会员卡可享受一些折扣。本题考查介词短语辨析。in celebration of为了庆祝……;with reference to关于……;on presentation of出示……;for submission to向……提交。故选C项。4.(2019江苏南师附中、天一中学、海门中学、淮阴中学期初调研)There were several geographical areas named after him 　　???? his achievements in earth science studies.
A.in case of　　 B.in recognition of
C.in line with　　D.in comparison with答案　?B　句意:有几个地理区域都是以他的名字命名的,这是对他在地球科学方面的研究成就的肯定。本题考查介词短语。in case of如果,假使;in recognition of对……的肯定;in line with与……一致;in comparison with与……相比较。用人名来命名地理区域,对这个人来说是一种荣誉,是对他取得的成就的一种认可,故选B项。5.(2019江苏苏锡常镇教情调查一)　 challenges in China's car-sharing economy, shared mobility still has a promising future.
A.Despite　　 B.Besides
C.Concerning　　D.Regarding答案　?A　句意:尽管中国的共享汽车经济面临很多挑战,共享出行的未来还是很有前途的。本题考查介词词义辨析。despite尽管;besides除……之外(还);concerning关于;regarding关于。根据句意可知选A项。6.(2019江苏南京、盐城一模)　　???? clear goals, we become strangely loyal to performing daily doings until we become slaves of them.
A.On top of　　 B.In the silence of
C.On account of　　D.In the absence of 答案　?D　句意:由于缺少明确的目标,我们变得出奇地忠实于做一些日常的事宜,直到我们成为它们的奴隶。本题考查介词短语。on top of 在……上方,除……之外;in the silence of 在……沉默中;on account of 由于;in the absence of 因缺乏……。我们之所以被日常事务捆住,就是因为没有明确的目标,故选D项。7.(2019江苏苏州学业质量阳光指标调研)On Mondays, 　　???? our national flag, each student in our school stands to attention, eyes focused on the rising flag.
A.in preparation for　　 B.in salute to
C.in recognition of　　 D.in correspondence with答案　?B　句意:周一,为了向我们的国旗致敬,我们学校的每个学生都立正,
目光注视冉冉升起的国旗。本题考查介词短语。in preparation for 为……做
准备;in salute to向……致敬;in recognition of对……的肯定;in correspondence
with与……联系。根据常识,升国旗时我们都要立正向国旗行注目礼,以示敬
意,故选B项。8.(2019江苏无锡一模)As for your 　　???? about the shoes, sir, I will speak to the person in charge and ask him either to give you another pair or to give your money back.
A.composition 　　B.compromise
C.complaint 　　 D.concept答案　?C????句意:先生,关于您对鞋子的投诉,我会跟负责人说,让他要么给您换一双,要么退钱给您。本题考查名词词义辨析。composition成分,构成;compromise妥协;complaint抱怨,投诉;concept概念。根据换一双或退钱可知,这是商家在处理顾客对鞋子的投诉,故选C项。9.(2019江苏扬州一模)All children should get access to a high-quality education 　　???? their race or family income.
A.due to 　 　 B.regardless of
C.apart from 　　D.depending on答案　??B　句意:所有孩子都应该有机会得到高质量的教育,不管他们的种族或家庭收入。本题考查介词短语。due to因为,由于;regardless of不管,不顾;apart from除了;depending on取决于。根据句意可知选B项。10.(2019江苏镇江一模)Despite the obvious privacy concerns, the use of facial-recognition technology is 　　???? at some public places.
A.out of danger 　 B.on the run
C.out of sight 　　 D.on the rise答案　?D　句意:尽管有明显的隐私问题,但在一些公共场所人脸识别技术的使用正在呈上升趋势。本题考查介词短语。out of danger摆脱危险;on the run躲避,忙碌;out of sight在视线范围之外;on the rise在上升,在增加。故选D项。11.(2019江苏镇江一模)Historic sites impress writers with their amazing beauty, which are a great source of 　　????.
A.inspiration 　　B.composition
C.occupation 　　D.combination答案　?A　句意:历史遗迹惊人的美丽给作家们留下了深刻的印象,它们是一个很好的灵感来源。本题考查名词词义辨析。inspiration灵感;composition成分;occupation占用,职业;combination结合。作家写作需要灵感,故选A项。12.(2019江苏江都中学、扬中高级中学、溧水高级中学期初联考)—What kind of people do you need for the position?
—　　???? with a good command of English.
A.Anyone　　 B.Whoever
C.Whomever　　D.Anyone who答案　?A　句意:——这个职位你们需要什么样的人?——任何精通英语的人。本题考查代词的用法。with a good command of English是介词短语,没有谓语动词,排除B、C、D三项。此处为with介词短语作后置定语,修饰不定代词anyone,相当于anyone who/whoever has a good command of English。故选A项。13.(2019江苏徐州第一次质检)The audience burst into laughter because of a 　????
of the tongue from the host, who said, “Good ladies, evening and gentlemen.”
A.slip 　　B.slide 　　C.seal 　　D.spit答案　?A　句意:主持人说:“好女士,晚上和先生”,观众们因为他的这个口误突然大笑起来。本题考查名词词义辨析。slip差错,疏漏;slide滑动;seal印章;spit唾液。把Good evening,ladies and gentlemen说成了Good ladies, evening and gentlemen,是明显的口误,a slip of the tongue口误,为固定搭配。故选A项。14.(2018南京、盐城一模)—What about a self-drive trip to Tibet this winter
vacation?
—It sounds　　????marvellous, but I won't be available at that time.
A.simply　 B.equally
C.firmly　 D.merely答案????A　考查副词辨析。句意:——今年寒假自驾游去西藏怎么样?——听起来太棒了,但我那个时候没时间。simply确实,简直;equally 平均地,相等地;firmly 坚定地,坚决地;merely 只是,仅仅。该副词修饰形容词“marvellous”,根据句意可知应该填入 simply。15.(2018南京三模)The agency will make travel arrangements for you.　　????,you can organize your own transport.
A.Similarly　 B.Furthermore
C.Instead D.Alternatively答案????D　考查副词词义辨析。句意:这个机构会帮你做好旅行安排。或者,你也可以自己安排出行方式。alternatively 或者;二者择一地。根据句意,该空格表达的是选择的意思,故选D。16.(2018南通、泰州一模)These figures should be 　　????, for even a minor er-ror can cost us millions of dollars.
A.precise　　 B.flexible
C.optional　　D.approximate答案????A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这些数据一定要精确,因为甚至一个小错误都有可能造成我们百万美元的损失。precise精确的;flexible灵活的;optional可选择的;approximate大约的。17.(2018南京三模)Through the use of blogs, shy students who rarely 　　????during class discussions are given a voice.
A.advance B.focus
C.compromise　　D.contribute答案????D　考查动词辨析。句意:通过博客的使用,那些害羞的很少在课堂讨论上做出贡献的学生也有了发言权。advance前进;focus集中(精力、注意力);
compromise 妥协;contribute贡献。18.(2018苏锡常镇二模)It's reported that in many countries there are rescue centers
for girls who are forced into early marriages, and boys who　　???? to look after
farm animals.
A.drop in 　 B.drop away
C.drop off　 D.drop out答案????D????考查动词短语。句意:据报道,在很多国家有为了帮助那些被迫早婚的女生或者是辍学去照看农场动物的男生(而建造)的救助中心。drop in顺便拜访;drop away减少,减弱;drop off减少;打瞌睡;drop out辍学。19.(2018泰州中学二模)The company and the effect　　　???? brought about did great good to our business in the market.
A.it　 B.which　???? C.that　 D.what答案????A　考查代词。句意:这家公司及其所带来的影响对我们市场上的业务有很大的好处。此处it代指the company,it brought about为定语从句,先行词the effect作brought about的宾语,后省略了关系词which或that。20.(2018盐城三模)Thomas made 　　???? his concerns about the changes that had been introduced at work.
A.plain　　B.perfect
C.easy　　 D.ambiguous答案????A　考查形容词辨析和熟词生义。句意:Thomas清楚地表明了他对工作中所引入的变化的顾虑。plain一般意思为“平坦的”,生义为“清楚的,明白的”;perfect完美的;easy容易的;ambiguous模糊的。拓展提升练
1.(2019江苏南京、盐城三模)—Look! Mary is crazily looking for something again!
—　　????, she can't find her keys.
A.Typically　 B.Occasionally
C.Accordingly　 D.Particularly答案　?A　句意:——看!Mary 又在疯了一样地找东西了!——她经常找不到她的钥匙。本题考查副词词义辨析。typically 典型地,通常;occasionally偶尔地;accordingly相应地;particularly特别地,尤其地。根据again可知,Mary又在找东西,说明她经常是这样的,故选A项。2.(2019江苏南京、盐城二模)The conditions in the local school were fairly 　????,
no electricity and no basic teaching facilities available.
A.unique B.typical
C.primitive 　　D.stable答案　?C　句意:当地学校的条件相当落后,没有电,也没有基本的教学设备可
用。本题考查形容词词义辨析。unique独特的,唯一的;typical典型的;primitive
落后的,原始的;stable稳定的。故选C项。3.(2019江苏苏州学业质量阳光指标调研)The vase was quite 　　???? so we had to wrap it in soft material before we send it by post.
A.fragile　　 B.flexible
C.fragrant　　D.false答案　?A　句意:这个花瓶很易碎,因此在邮寄之前我们得用柔软的材料把它包起来。本题考查形容词词义辨析。fragile脆弱的,易碎的;flexible灵活的,易弯曲的;fragrant芳香的;false错误的。故选A项。4.(2019江苏无锡一模)—It's amazing that an Australian girl sailed round the world alone in about 200 days.
—That's an inspiring story. Her courage is really 　　???? .
A.acceptable 　　B.adjustable
C.admirable 　　 D.accessible答案　?C　句意:——一名澳大利亚女孩用了大约200天的时间独自航行全球,这让人惊叹。——这是个鼓舞人心的故事。她的勇气令人钦佩。本题考查形容词词义辨析。acceptable可接受的;adjustable可调节的;admirable令人钦佩的;accessible易得到的。故选C项。
试题分析　本题四个备选项意义相去甚远,但都是以a-开头、以-ble结尾的形容词。命题者试图以形似来混淆考生的判断。5.(2019江苏扬州一模)I wish you wouldn't be so 　　????: you make faces at
everything I say.
A.weird 　　 B.polite
C.reluctant 　　D.serious答案　?A????句意:我希望你不要如此的怪诞:我说什么你都做鬼脸。本题考查形容词词义辨析。weird怪诞的;polite有礼貌的;reluctant不情愿的;serious严肃的,认真的。空格后的冒号说明后面的句子是对设空处的进一步解释。故选A项。6.(2019江苏泰州中学、宜兴中学等校4月联合调研)Judging from the message they convey, these two chapters are 　　???? independent of each other, that is, they are not in connection with the other at all.
A.indeed B.similarly
C.randomly D.optionally答案　?A　句意:从它们表达的信息来判断,这两章事实上是相互独立的,也就是说它们之间根本没有联系。本题考查副词词义辨析。indeed事实上;similarly相似地;randomly随机地;optionally随意地。两个章节之间没有联系也就是说它们实际上是独立的,故选A项。7.(2019江苏徐州第一次质检)The large passenger aircraft C919 AC101,
independently designed and developed by China, turned out to be a huge
　　???? success.
A.controversial 　　B.contradictory
C.commercial 　　 D.compulsory答案　?C　句意:由中国独立自主设计和开发的大型客机C919 AC101证明是一次巨大的商业成功。controversial有争议的;contradictory相互矛盾的;commercial商业的;compulsory义务的。C919 AC101是客机,所以说是商业的成功,故选C项。8.(2019江苏南京、盐城三模,26)Wild animals in nature reserves need to develop
their survival skills and 　　???? their wild nature.
A.display　　 B.possess
C.maintain　　 D.monitor答案　?C　句意:在自然保护区的野生动物需要增强它们的生存技能,并保持它们的野性。本题考查动词词义辨析。display展示,展现;possess拥有;maintain维持;monitor监控。故选C项。9.(2019江苏苏北七市三模)Countries which continue importing huge quantities of waste will have to 　　???? the issue of pollution.
A.maintain　　B.simplify
C.overlook　　D.address答案　?D　句意:继续进口大量垃圾的国家不得不处理污染问题。本题考查动词词义辨析。maintain维持;simplify简化;overlook忽视;address处理。故选D项。知识拓展　address作名词,表示“地址”;而作为动词意义非常丰富,除了表示“处理”以外,还可以表示“写(收信人)姓名地址,致函,演讲,向……说话”等。10.(2019江苏江都中学、扬中高级中学、溧水高级中学期初联考)Kids shouldn't have access to violent films because they might 　　???? the things they see.
A.innovate　 B.investigate
C.indicate　　 D.imitate答案　?D　句意:孩子们不该有机会看到暴力电影,因为他们可能模仿他们看到的东西。本题考查动词词义辨析。innovate创新,革新;investigate调查;indicate表明;imitate模仿。根据常识,模仿是孩子们的天性,他们看到什么可能就会模仿什么,故选D项。11.(2019江苏南京、盐城二模)The company needs to 　　???? its outdated image
to promote its newly-released product.
A.lay out 　　 B.call up
C.shake off 　　D.give away答案　?C　句意:为了推广它新发布的产品,这家公司需要摆脱过时的形象。本题考查动词短语辨析。lay out展开,设计;call up给……打电话;shake off摆脱;give away捐赠,泄露。只有摆脱了过时的形象,才利于推广新的产品,故选C项。12.(2019江苏苏州学业质量阳光指标调研)The year 2018 is a special one in that it 　　???? the 40th anniversary of the launch of China's reform and opening-up policy.
A.signals　 　B.advocates
C.anticipates　　D.marks答案　?D　句意:2018年之所以特殊是因为这一年是中国实行改革开放政策40周年。本题考查动词词义辨析。signal发信号;advocate提倡;anticipate预期;mark标志……的发生。故选D项。13.(2019江苏南通、泰州七市第一次调研)Thanks to the efforts in environmental
protection, the wetland has been 　　???? to its original appearance.
A.restored 　　 B.delivered
C.transferred 　　 D.drafted答案　?A　句意:多亏了在环保方面作出的努力,这块湿地已经恢复了它原来的外貌。本题考查动词词义辨析。restore恢复;deliver运送,发表演讲;transfer转移,转让;draft起草。故选A项。14.(2019江苏苏州学业质量阳光指标调研)As more and more jobs are 　　???? by AI, people will have more leisure time.
A.taken on　　B.brought in
C.held up　　 D.wiped away答案　?A　句意:随着人工智能承担越来越多的工作,人们将拥有更多的休闲时光。本题考查动词短语辨析。take on承担,雇用,呈现;bring in吸引,提出;hold up承受住,支撑,阻碍;wipe away抹去。故选A项。15.(2018苏锡常镇一模)Every great accomplishment rests on the　　　 of what came before it;when you trace it back, you'll see one small step that started it all.
A.reputation　　B.expectation
C.recreation　　D.foundation答案????D　考查名词词义辨析。句意:每一个伟大的成就都是建立在它之前的
基础之上的。当你追溯它的时候,你会看到一小步开始了它的全部。reputation名声;expectation期望;recreation娱乐;foundation基础。16.(2018扬州中学四模)—How did you enjoy the game?
—I was impressed by the energy and　　???? shown by the players.
A.qualification　　B.commitment
C.investment　　 D.privilege答案????B　考查名词词义辨析。句意:——你觉得这个比赛怎么样?——我对运动员所表现出的活力及奉献精神印象深刻。qualification 资格,学历;commitment 投入,奉献;investment 投资,投入;privilege特权。17.(2018南通、泰州一模)Heavy debts have left the firm faced with an econom-ic　　????in the financial crisis.
A.switch　　 B.scratch
C.squeeze　　D.status答案????C　考查名词词义辨析。句意:巨大的债务使公司在这场金融危机中面临经济拮据问题。squeeze “经济困难,拮据”,符合题意。18.(2018通泰扬徐宿淮六市二模)—What's the main reason for choosing one restaurant　　????another?
—Just the service.
A.against　　B.beyond　　C.over　　D.after答案????C　考查介词词义辨析。 句意:——你选择一家饭店而不是另一家的主要原因是什么?——只是因为服务。over强调比较的概念,意为“胜过,比……更好”。19.(2018苏锡常镇一模)We really emphasize the importance of putting　　????safeguards to prevent children's identities from falling into wrong people's hands.
A.in place　　 B.in vain
C.in question　　D.in earnest答案????A????考查短语辨析。句意:我们十分强调落实安全保障措施的重要性以防止儿童身份落入坏人手中。in place到位;in vain徒劳;in question有疑问,不确定;in earnest认真地。20.(2018盐城三模)Many graduates aren't prepared for what the future has 　????????
when they come out of school.
A.in demand　　B.at ease
C.at length　　 D.in store答案????D　考查介词短语。in demand有需求;at ease舒适;at length最终;in store即将发生(在某人身上)。1.单项填空
①Elizabeth shows great 　　???? in her choice of friends, so she has a lot of trustworthy companions.
A.comprehension　　 B.discrimination
C.determination D.consideration易混易错练
一、易混名词辨析答案????B　考查名词辨析。comprehension理解;discrimination辨别力,鉴赏力;determination决心;consideration考虑,体谅。句意:伊丽莎白在选择朋友的时候展现出了巨大的辨别力,所以她有很多值得信任的伙伴。②What to wear in winter? The look of queens and princesses around the world may give you some 　　????, which are elegant and also attainable.
A.interpretations　　B.inspirations
C.innovations　　 D.invitations
答案????B　考查名词词义辨析。interpretation 演绎,解释;inspiration启发,激励;innovation创新;invitation邀请。句意:……世界上皇后和公主的穿着可能会带给你一些启发……。③ To be an artist is not easy, but sometimes dreams can be a rich source of　????for an artist.
A.occasion　　 B.identification
C.inspiration　　D.occupation
答案????C　考查名词词义辨析。occasion时机;identification识别;inspiration启发灵感的人(或物);occupation占据,职业。句意:成为一名艺术家不容易,但是有时候对一名艺术家来说梦想可能是灵感的丰富源泉。2.写出下列易混名词的汉语意思并背诵:
①commission　佣金,提成,回扣????
②admission　承认;允许进入????
③pension　退休金,养老金????
④explosion　爆炸????
⑤dimension　方面????
⑥extension　延伸,扩大????
⑦version　版本????
⑧vision　视力;视野????⑨illusion　错觉????
⑩collision　碰撞;冲突????
?comprehension　理解,理解力????
?ambition　雄心,抱负????
?immigration　移民????
?migration　迁移,移居????
?affection　喜爱,钟爱????
?acquisition　获得,购置物????
?cooperation　合作?????corporation　公司????
?convention　惯例,习俗????
?core　核心????
?credit　贷款;学分;信誉,信用;荣誉????
?criterion　标准????
?currency　货币;通用,流通????
?introduction　介绍,引进????
?production　生产,产品????
?exposure　暴露,揭发?????investigation 调查,研究????
?innovation 　改革,创新????
?negotiation 　谈判,协商????
?accommodation 　住处;调解????
?extent 　程度,范围????
?investment 投资????
?preference 　偏爱????
?competence 　胜任;能力????
?dependence 　依赖,依靠?????conscience　良心????
?coincidence　巧合;一致????
?dignity　尊严;自尊????
?dilemma　(进退两难的)窘境,困境????
?discipline　纪律????
?distinction　区别;荣誉;特质;卓越????
?exception　例外,除外????
?insight　顿悟;领悟;洞察力????
?priority　优先,优先权;优先考虑的事?????parallel 　极其相似的人;相似点???
?regulation　规则,管理????
?reservation　预订????
?restriction 　限制????
?qualification　资格;学历????二、易混形容词、副词辨析
1.单项填空
①(2017江苏,34)The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by
astronomical incidents. But 　　????explanations are hard to find.
A.alternative　　B.aggressive
C.ambiguous　　D.apparent答案????A　句意:恐龙灭绝未必是由天体碰撞事件造成的,但是也很难找到其他的解释。本题考查形容词辨析。根据句意可知选择alternative“可供替代的,其他的”。aggressive“咄咄逼人的,有进取心的”,ambiguous“模棱两可的”,apparent“显而易见的”。②As the Olympic Games edge closer, about 140,000 people are needed. Of those, 90,000 will be employees with a 　　???? 50,000 volunteers.
A.further　　 B.considerable
C.massive　 D.tremendous
答案????A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意:随着奥运会的临近,大约需要14万人。其中9万人会是雇员,另外的5万人是志愿者。further附加的,更多的,更进一步的。considerable相当大的,相当多的。massive巨大的。tremendous巨大的,惊人的。③ Sue was greatly inspired though she made 　　????improvements in her English
writing.
A.modest　　 B.brilliant
C.tremendous　　D.considerable
答案????A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意:尽管Sue在她的英语写作上只取得了些许的进步,但她仍然备受鼓舞。modest些许的,不太大的;brilliant聪明的,杰出的;tremendous巨大的;considerable相当大的。2.写出下列易混形容词、副词的汉语意思并背诵:
①tentative　暂时的;犹豫的????
②confidential　机密的????
③fundamental　根本的;基本的????
④conventional　传统的????
⑤allergic　过敏的????
⑥immune　免疫的,不受影响的????
⑦sensitive　敏感的;易受影响的????
⑧conservative　保守的????⑨competitive　竞争的,比赛的????
⑩comprehensive　有理解力的;综合的????
?creative　创造性的,有创造力的????
?mature　成熟的????
?reluctant　不情愿的????
?sustainable　可持续的????
?authentic　真正的;正宗的????
?innocent　无辜的????
?absurd　荒谬的;荒唐的?????alternative　可替代的;二者择一的????
?ambiguous　模棱两可的????
?automatic　自动的????
?compulsory　义务的;强制性的????
?complicated　复杂的????
?conscious　有意识的????
?consistent　一致的;连续的????
?contemporary　当代的,现代的;同时代的????
?controversial　有争议的?????initial　最初的;首字母的????
?numb　麻木的,失去知觉的????
?optional　可选择的;随意的????
?original　原始的;最初的;独创的;新颖的????
?realistic　现实的????
?relevant　相关的????
?ridiculous　可笑的,荒谬的;荒唐的,愚蠢的????
?rigid　僵硬的;死板的;顽固的????
?solid　固体的;实心的;结实的;可靠的?????sufficient　足够的;充足的????
?systematic　系统化的????
?valid　有效的;合理的????
?vivid　生动的????
?visual　视觉的,视力的????
?weird　奇怪的,奇异的????三、易混介词、介词短语辨析
1.单项填空
①(2017江苏,32)Determining where we are　　????our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.
A.in contrast to　　B.in defense of
C.in face of　　 D.in relation to答案????D　句意:通过对比我们周围的环境来确定我们的位置仍然是我们生存的重要技能。本题考查介词短语辨析。根据句意可知,应选择in relation to“相对于……而言”。in contrast to“和……相比”,in defense of“为……辩护”,in(the) face of“面临”。② 　　???? the fact that your payment misses the deadline, you'll have to pay a fine according to the contract.
A.In possession of　 B.In spite of
C.In case of　 　 D.In view of
答案????D　考查介词短语。in possession of占有,拥有;in spite of 即使;in case of 假使,万一;in view of鉴于。句意:鉴于你支付逾期的事实,根据合同你不得不交罚款。③Wolf WarriorⅡis the first film to taste success both 　　???? box office earnings
and promoting Chinese values.
A.in terms of　　B.in view of
C.in place of　　 D.in honor of
答案????A　考查介词短语辨析。句意:《战狼2》是第一部在票房收入和弘扬中国核心价值观上都获得成功的电影。in terms of在……方面,就……而言;in view of鉴于;in place of替代;in honor of为纪念。④The new system introduced last month is not working very effectively 　　???? professional training.
A.in place of　　B.in case of
C.in terms of　　D.in defense of
答案????C　考查介词短语辨析。句意:上个月引进的新系统在专业训练上完成得不是非常有效。in place of 取代;in case of 以防,万一;in terms of在……方面;in defense of保护,防护。2.写出下列易混介词、介词短语的汉语意思并背诵:
①out of order　发生故障;安排不当????
②out of place　不合适,不相称????
③out of shape　身材走样,身体欠佳????
④out of control　失控????
⑤in a rush　匆匆忙忙????
⑥at a crossroads　处于关键时刻,在紧要关头????
⑦in a dilemma　左右为难????
⑧on the move　在行进中,在移动中????⑨in this regard　在这个方面????
⑩in the air　悬而未决;在传播中;在空中????
?in the picture　在局内????
?on the spot　当场;立刻????
?at random　随意地????
?at best　充其量????
?at intervals　每隔……时间;不时????
?in reply to　答复????
?in salute to　向……致敬?????at hand　在手头,即将到来????
?at will　随意,任意????
?on trial　在实验中,受审????
?on track　走上正轨????
?in parallel with　与……平行,(与……)同时????
?by virtue of　凭借,由于????
?on the rise　上升????
?on the line　处于危险中????
?in the event of　万一,倘若?????in line with　与……一致????
?in company with　与……一起????
?in tune with　与……协调,与……一致????四、易混动词、动词短语辨析
(一)v.+to相关短语
1.单项填空
①It is difficult for one to　　???? the manners of another world when he doesn't know what they are.
A.see to　　 B.tend to
C.amount to　　D.subscribe to答案????D　考查动词短语辨析。句意:当一个人不知道另一个世界的习俗时,很难让他遵循这些习俗。see to 照料,负责;tend to 趋向,有……的倾向;amount to 相当于,总计为;subscribe to 订阅,赞成,同意。分析句意可知,空格处应是“赞同”,在句中引申为“遵循,遵守”。②As the number of old people moving to Florida increases, more changes are made to 　　???? them.
A.submit to　 B.object to
C.cater to　　 D.contribute to
答案????C　考查动词短语辨析。句意:由于搬到Florida的老年人数量的增加,更多的变化发生了,以满足他们的需要。submit to提交;屈服;object to反对;cater to迎合,满足需要;contribute to有助于。2.写出下列易混v.+to短语的汉语意思并背诵:
(1)appeal to①　吸引????
②　呼吁,上诉????
(2)apply to①　适用于????
②　申请????
(3)stick to　坚持????
(4)add to　增加????
(5)switch to　转换????
(6)attend to①　专心????②　照顾,护理????
(7)lead to①　通向????
②　导致????
(8)correspond to①　相当于????
②　与……相符????(二)v.+out 相关短语
1.单项填空
①(2017江苏,25)Working with the medical team in Africa has　　????the best in her as a doctor.
A.held out　　B.brought out　　C.picked out　　D.given out答案????B????句意:在非洲医疗队的工作让她作为医生的才能得到了最大限度的发挥。本题考查动词短语辨析。hold out维持,坚持;bring out 使明显,拿出,推出;pick out 挑出,辨认出;give out分发,散发,公布,用尽。根据句意可知,应选B项。②I sent in my application three weeks ago and they're probably not going to call me back. I'm still 　　???? hope, though.
A.holding out　 B.working out
C.figuring out　 D.setting out
答案????A　考查动词短语以及固定搭配。句意:三周前我寄出了申请书,他们可能不会给我回电话。不过,我仍抱着希望。hold out给予希望,使有可能;work out解出;理解;锻炼;figure out想出;解决;计算出;弄明白;set out出发;着手;动身;安排。2.写出下列易混v.+out短语的汉语意思并背诵:
(1)put out①　熄灭,扑灭????
②　生产,制造????
③　出版;广播,公布????
(2)turn out ①　结果是????
②　出席,在场????
(3)try out　试验????
(4)come out①　出来????
②　开花????③　出版;发表????
(5)stand out①　突出;显眼????
②　杰出????
(6)check out　结账后离开????
(7)make out①　理解????
②　辨认出????
③　假装????
④　填写????
(8)go out①　出去????②　熄灭????
③　(节目)播放;播出????
(9)give out ①　发出(光和热)????
②　分发????
③　公布????
④　耗尽,用完????
⑤　停止运行,停止运转????(三)v.+up 相关短语
1.单项填空
①Nowadays, it's common for a child to 　　???? some knowledge of the computer
just by watching others working on it.
A.bring up　 B.pick up
C.look up　 D.set up
答案????B　考查动词短语辨析。bring up抚养,养育;pick up(偶然)学会;look up查找,查阅;set up建立,创立,开办。句意:现在,一个孩子仅仅通过观察别人对电脑的操作就能掌握一些电脑知识是很普遍的。②The movie Youth 　　???? the memories, good and bad, of those who were born around the 60s of the last century.
A.calls up　　 B.steps up
C.keeps up　　D.makes up
答案????A　考查动词短语辨析。call up使想起;step up加快;keep up保持;make up弥补。句意:电影《芳华》唤起了出生在上世纪60年代左右的人们的好的和坏的记忆。2.写出下列易混v.+up 短语的汉语意思并背诵:
(1)spring up　突然兴起;迅速出现????
(2)break up①　破裂????
②　分拆,分解????
(3)build up①　逐渐增加????
②　增强????
(4)clear up①　收拾,整理????
②　天气放晴????
③　解释,解决????(5)hold up①　支撑某物????
②　抢劫????
③　保持强壮????
④　延误,耽搁????
(6)give up　放弃????
(7)stay up　熬夜????
(8)turn up①　出现,露面????
②　调大????
(9)polish up　提高,改善????(10)hang up　挂断电话????
(11)take up①　占据(时间、空间)????
②　开始从事????
③　开始处理????
④　继续????
(12)go up①　上升,增长????
②　(房子)被建起来????(四)动词和其他动词短语
1.单项填空
①(2018江苏,25)Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which　　????a clear road map and timetable.
A.calls for　　B.calls on
C.calls off　　D.calls up答案????A　句意:开发长江经济带是一个系统化的工程,这项工程需要一个清晰的路线图和一个时间表。考查动词短语。call for 需要;要求。call on 号召;拜访。call off 取消。call up回想起。② Linda realized she was in the wrong and promised to 　　???? a new leaf.
A.take over　　B.turn over
C.get over　　 D.go over
答案????B　考查动词短语。句意:琳达意识到自己错了,并承诺改过自新。take over接管;turn over翻转,打翻,turn over a new leaf改过自新,重新开始;get over克服;go over复习;仔细检查。③Physically challenged as Jack was, he did not 　　???? himself to his fate.
A.resist　 　B.reserve
C.resign　　D.rescue
答案????C　考查动词词义辨析。句意:虽然杰克身体残疾,但是他不愿屈服于自己的命运。 resist抵抗,抗拒;reserve储备,保留;resign委托,使听从,屈服;rescue营
救,援救。resign oneself to(doing) sth.是固定短语,意为“使自己顺从于(做)某
事”。故C项正确。 2.写出下列易混动词和动词短语的汉语意思并背诵:
①accelerate　加快,加速????
②innovate　改革,创新????
③differentiate　区分????
④compile　编纂,编写????
⑤negotiate　协商????
⑥compensate　弥补,补偿????
⑦extend　延长;伸展;给予????
⑧clarify　澄清,阐明????⑨exploit　开发,剥削????
⑩privilege　给予……特权????
?transport　运输;被(幻想等)带到(另一个地点或时间)????
?transform　使转化????
?be reduced to　减少到,使减少;被沦落为……????
?be committed to　致力于,委身于????
?be transferred to　被转移到????
?be exposed to　接触,暴露????
?account for　说明,解释?????push for　争取????
?make for　导致,走向????
?head for　前往????
?crack down on　打击,镇压????
?fall back on　回头再说,退回到????
?keep up on　跟上????
?get away with　侥幸逃脱,侥幸成功????
?see through　看穿,识破????
?live through　经历(艰难或险境)?????get one's way　随心所欲????
?give one's way　让路????
?catch up on　赶上,弥补????
?catch on　流行;(开始)明白,意识到????
?wrestle with　全力对付;努力克服????课件92张PPT。考点2 谓语与非谓语考点2　谓语与非谓语
　　谓语与非谓语主要是时态、语态、情态动词、虚拟语气以及非谓语动词,这些一直是单项选择题的重要考查内容,是高考中的“重头戏”。近几年江苏高考已摒弃“死抠语法”,而关注“语境考查”,把死的语法知识放到活的语言环境中去考查,增加了试题的难度,注重考查学生的解题技能和灵活运用语言的能力。1.动词的时态和语态
在江苏高考中,动词的时态和语态是每年的必考点。试题呈现“情景立意”和“能力立意”的趋势,注重在具体语境中考查时态和语态的用法。
? 典例1????(2019江苏,29)A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith 　　???? in love with the people and culture there.
A.would fall　 B.had fallen
C.has fallen　　 D.fell思路点拨　句意:史密斯先生到中国几个月后,就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。本题考查动词的时态。根据时间状语A few months after he had arrived in China可知,谓语动词应该为一般过去时态,故可知答案。答案????D典例2????(2019江苏,33)They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals 　　???? by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.
A.will install　　 B.will have been installed
C.are installed　 D.have been installed思路点拨　句意:他们正在努力确保到2022年的时候为北京冬奥会安装5G终端。本题考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语by 2022可知谓语动词应该用将来完成时,5G terminals与install之间为被动关系,故用被动语态。
答案????B2.情态动词和虚拟语气
近几年江苏高考对情态动词和虚拟语气的考查呈上升趋势。命题立意不偏不怪,情景接近真实,设问角度趋于细微化和综合化。对情态动词和虚拟语气的考查以对过去的“推测”和“虚拟”为重点。虚拟语气在具体语境中的运用也是考查的重点。? 典例3????(2019江苏,31)What a pity!You missed the sightseeing, or we 　　???? a good time together.
A.had　　 B.will have
C.would have had　　 D.had had思路点拨　句意:真遗憾啊!你错过了这次游览,否则我们就可以一起度过一段愉快的时光了。本题考查虚拟语气。根据语境可知,并列连词or在句中意为“否则,要不然”,为含蓄条件的一种表达方式,后面的部分与过去的事实相反,故用“would have done”的形式。答案????C典例4????(2018江苏,27)There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I　????????
a second chance to become more involved.
A.had　　 B.will have
C.would have had　　 D.have had思路点拨　句意:这个村子里的人们有良好的社交生活,我希望自己还能有机会去更多地参与其中。考查虚拟语气。wish后面的宾语从句中往往用虚拟语气,此处表达现在的一个愿望,谓语动词要用过去式。答案????A典例5????(2018江苏,24)It's strange that he　　????have taken the books without the owner's permission.
A.would　　B.should　　C.could　　D.might思路点拨　句意:简直是太奇怪了,他竟然未得到主人的允许就把这些书拿走了。考查情态动词。“It's strange that...”句型中,that引导的主语从句的谓语部分用should+动词原形,属于should的用法之一。答案????B3.非谓语动词
历年来非谓语动词一直是单项选择题的重要考查内容。考查重点为非谓语动词作状语。试题的特征呈现出“情景化”和“设问角度多样化”的趋势。势。
? 典例6????(2019江苏,30)　　???? the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.
A.To enjoy　 　 B.Enjoying
C.To have enjoyed　　 D.Enjoy思路点拨　句意:为了享受数字支付的便利,很多老年人开始使用智能手机。本题考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,设空处在句中作目的状语,故填不定式结构。C项为不定式的完成式,表示已经完成的动作,不符合语境。答案????A典例7????(2019江苏,32)China's image is improving steadily, with more countries 　　???? its role in international affairs.
A.recognizing　　 B.being recognized
C.to be recognized　　D.recognized思路点拨　句意:随着更多的国家承认中国在国际事务中所起的作用,中国的形象正在稳步提升。本题考查非谓语动词。在with的复合结构中,more countries
与recognize之间存在逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词作宾语补足语。答案????A1.(2018江苏)Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period,　　????the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.
A.having exceeded　　 B.to exceed
C.exceeded　　 D.exceeding巩固技能练答案????A　句意:这段时期大约一万三千五百个新工作被创造出来,超过了市场分析专家预测的一万两千个。考查非谓语动词。设空处是非谓语动词作状语,与Around 13,500 new jobs是主动关系,且没有动作发生前后的关系,要用v.-ing形式的一般式,所以答案为D项。2.(2017江苏)Many Chinese brands,　　????their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.
A.having developed　　 B.being developed
C.developed　 　D.developing答案????A　句意:很多中国的品牌,已经积攒了几百年的声誉,正在面临着来自现代市场的挑战。本题考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知题干中两个逗号中间的部分为非谓语动词短语,develop的逻辑主语是Many Chinese brands,两者之间为主动关系;根据时间状语over centuries可知用having done的形式,故选择A项。3.(2019江苏苏锡常镇教情调查二)—Mum, little Ray broke his toys again!
—It doesn't matter. You see, accidents 　　???? happen.
A.shall　　B.should　　C.must　　D.will答案????D　句意:——妈妈,小Ray又弄坏他的玩具了!——不要紧。你知道,意外总是会发生的。本题考查情态动词。will表示倾向性、经常性、必然性,符合语境,故选D项。4.(2019江苏苏锡常镇教情调查一)Ann said whenever her father was unhappy he 　　???? go out and buy something, usually something large and useless.
A.should 　　B.could
C.would 　　D.might答案????C　句意:Ann说,无论何时,她爸爸不开心的时候就会出去买点东西,通常是一些大而无用的东西。本题考查情态动词的用法。would表示某种倾向或习惯性动作,符合语境,故选C项。5.(2019江苏南通一模)If it had not been for the heroes' contributions and sacrifices, we 　　???? such a happy life.
A.wouldn ' t have led B.wouldn't be leading
C.havent ' led 　　 D.are not leading答案????B　句意:如果不是英雄们的贡献和牺牲,我们现在不会过着幸福的生活。本题考查虚拟语气。从句与过去事实相反,谓语用had done结构;主句与现在事实相反,谓语应用would+动词原形结构,故选B项。6.(2019江苏镇江一模,27)I felt like giving up. I probably 　　????, but my dad whispered, “Come on! You can make it.”
A.would have 　　B.would
C.should 　　 D.should have答案????A　句意:我想要放弃。我可能已经放弃了,但是我父亲低声说道,“加油!你能成功的。”本题考查虚拟语气。根据I felt like giving up.可知,我过去想要放弃,但是在父亲的鼓励下,我并没有放弃,即本想要做某事而没有做,应用would have done,句中用了省略形式,完整句子为I probably would have given
up...。故选A项。7.(2019江苏南通3月联考,26)　　???? economic growth, various measures are being taken to expand domestic demand.
A.Having stabilized　　 B.Stabilizing
C.Stabilized　　 D.To stabilize答案????D　句意:为了稳定经济增长,正在采取各种措施来扩大内需。本题考查非谓语动词。采取各种措施扩大内需的目的是稳定经济增长,应用动词不定式作目的状语,故选D项。8.(2019江苏南京、盐城三模,30)With the number of homecoming overseas
students 　　???? up in recent years, the attraction of foreign degree holders has gradually faded.
A.shot　　 B.being shot
C.shooting　　 D.to shoot答案????C　句意:随着近几年海归学生数量的陡增,国外文凭持有者的吸引力已经逐渐消退。本题考查非谓语动词。the number与shoot之间存在主动关系,应用现在分词作宾补,故选C项。9.(2019江苏苏北七市三模)With WeChat Pay coming into widespread use, our household bills are convenient 　　????.
A.paying　　B.paid
C.to pay　　 D.to be paid答案????C　句意:随着微信支付的广泛使用,我们家庭账单的支付变得方便了。本题考查非谓语动词。 sth.+be+adj.+to do为固定结构,又如,English is difficult to learn.英语很难学,故选C项。10.(2019江苏江都中学、扬中高级中学、溧水高级中学期初联考,26)A case of suspected food poisoning in New York has led to 6 high school students 　????to hospital.
A.being sent　　B.sent
C.sending　　 D.to be sent答案????A　句意:在纽约的一起疑似食品中毒案已经导致6名高中生入院。本题考查非谓语动词。lead to导致,to为介词,后接动名词,6 high school students为动名词的逻辑主语,和send之间存在被动关系,即学生是被送往医院,应用被动结构,故选A项。11.(2019江苏南京、盐城一模,29)Guangdong Province rolled out new guideline,
　　???? offensive nicknames and online violence as school bullying.
A.defining　　 B.defined
C.to define　　D.having defined 答案????A　句意:广东省正式推出了新的指导方针,把冒犯性绰号和网络暴力定义为校园欺凌。本题考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知,此处为现在分词作定语,逻辑主语new guidelines与define之间为主动关系,相当于非限制性定语从句which define...。故选A项。12.(2019江苏苏北七市三模,32)—What an amazing picture!
—The little boy 　　???? the soldiers, and I caught them at an unguarded moment.
A.was saluting　　B.saluted
C.had saluted　　 D.would salute答案????A　句意:——多棒的一张照片啊!——这个小男孩正在给士兵敬礼,我无意间抓拍到了他们。本题考查动词的时态。根据语境,照片是在过去拍摄的,拍摄的时候这个小男孩正在给士兵敬礼,应用过去进行时,故选A项。13.(2019江苏南京、盐城二模,28)The matches of the FIFA Women's World Cup will be played in 2019 all around France, whose men's team 　　???? the
2018 World Cup.
A.wins 　　 B.won
C.has won 　　D.had won答案????B　句意:国际足联女足世界杯的比赛将于2019年在法国各地开战,法国男足赢得了2018年世界杯。本题考查动词的时态。法国男足赢得2018世界杯发生在过去,应用一般过去时,故选B项。14.(2019江苏苏锡常镇教情调查一,27)With people paying attention to fitness, self-service mini-gyms, each covering about 5 square meters, 　　???? in China's major cities these years.
A.have sprung up　　B.sprang up
C.had sprung up　　 D.spring up答案????A　句意:这些年来,随着人们对于健康的关注,占地大约5平方米的小型自助健身馆在中国的许多大城市涌现了出来。本题考查动词的时态。these years常与现在完成时连用,故选A项。15.(2019江苏苏州学业质量阳光指标调研,32)—The power is off, Mom. I am going to Grandpa's.
—OK, just stay there until the power 　　????.
A.will be restored　　B.is restored
C.will restore　　 D.has restored
答案????B　句意:——停电了,妈妈。我打算去爷爷家。——好的,你待在那儿直到电力恢复。考查动词的时态和语态。电力应在将来被恢复,而在until引导的时间状语从句中,用一般现在时代替一般将来时,故用一般现在时的被动语态,选B项。思路点拨　本题既考查语态又考查时态。考生在解题时可先确定语态;再确定从句的时态;也可以先从状语从句的时态要求来确定时态,再考虑主谓语之间的关系。16.(2018苏锡常镇一模)There　　　 a slight decrease in his weight but he eats too much.
A.was　　 B.could have been
C.had been　　D.could be答案????D　考查虚拟语气。句意:他的体重本来可以减轻一些的,但他吃得太多了。根据后文的eats可确定此处用could be表示对现在的虚拟,本可能,选D。17.(2018扬州中学四模)Don't worry too much,Mum!My friends 　　???? to consider your advice. Let me remind them of it now.
A.could forget
B.could have forgotten
C.should forget
D.should have forgotten答案????B　考查虚拟语气。句意:不要太过担心,妈妈!我的朋友们可能已经忘记考虑您的建议了。我现在就提醒他们。could have done过去本可以做却没做。should have done过去本应该做却没有做。18.(2018第二次全国大联考江苏卷)I could have worked out to stay in shape, but the math classes and exercises 　　???? all my spare time.
A.take up　　B.have taken up
C.took up　　D.are taking up答案????C　考查动词时态。句意:我本可以做运动保持体形的,但是数学课和练习题占用了我所有的业余时间。 could have done“过去本可以做某事却没有做”,这是表示发生在过去的事情,因此用一般过去时。19.(2018泰州中学二模)The artist is said　　　????during the production and thus a pirated video was sold in every part of Kenya.
A.to be cheated　　 B.being cheated
C.to have been cheated　　D.having been cheated答案????C　考查非谓语动词。be said to do表示“据说……”,再根据后半句and thus a pirated video was sold in every part of Kenya可知事情已经发生,故用不定式的完成式。故选C。20.(2018南京、盐城一模)—When do you think I can access Blackberry App World on my computer?
—Not until you　　???? your device password correctly.
A.entered　　 B.will enter
C.have entered　 D.will have entered答案????C　句意:——你觉得我什么时候可以在我的电脑上进入黑莓应用世界?——直到你正确输入设备密码。本题考查动词的时态。根据语境可知,enter your device password correctly应发生在将来,但until引导的时间状语从句通常用一般现在时或现在完成时表示将来,故选C项。拓展提升练
1.(2018江苏)Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other, for we 　　????more convenient electronic communication tools by then.
A.have developed　　 B.had developed
C.will have developed　　D.developed答案????C　句意:在2025年我们有望不再互相发电子邮件了,因为到那时我们就已经开发出更便捷的电子交流工具了。考查动词时态。根据语境和时间状语in 2025,by then可知,此处表达“说话者认为在将来某个时间已经完成某事了”,所以要用将来完成时,故答案为C项。2.(2018江苏)I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan 　　????in the past two years.
A.had been carried out　　B.would be carried out
C.is being carried out　　 D.has been carried out答案????A　句意:上个月我被派到这个村子来看看在过去的两年发展计划的实施情况。考查动词的时态。设空处表示的动作应该发生在主句谓语动词was sent之前,属于“过去的过去”,所以要用过去完成时,故答案为A项。3.(2019江苏扬州一模)If she 　　???? make such a simple wish as not to be teased for disability last Christmas, Amy would still feel lonely now.
A.had dared not 　　B.hadn't dared to
C.dared not 　　 D.didn't dare to
答案????B　句意:如果Amy在去年的圣诞节不敢许下如此简单的愿望——不因为残疾而被嘲笑,她现在仍然会感到孤独。本题考查虚拟语气。根据last Christmas可知,从句与过去事实相反,应用had done结构;dare作为实意动词的固定用法为dare to do sth.,故选B项。解题技巧　本题结合dare的用法考查虚拟语气,属于考查英语知识的综合运用能力。考生可以先抓住一个知识点进行排除。本题可以先根据虚拟语气排除C、D两项,然后再结合dare的具体用法,做出最终的选择。4.(2019江苏第二次百校联考)Keep your spirits up even if you 　　???? fail hundreds of times.
A.must 　　B.need 　　C.may 　　D.should答案????C　句意:即使你可能失败了几百次,也要保持士气高昂。本题考查情态动词的用法。must必须,一定;need需要;may可能,或许;should应该。此处表示一种不确定的推测,故选C项。5.(2019江苏徐州第一次质检)—It's really great to have a computer to store my photos.
—Don't count on it too much. It 　　???? break down and you'd better make a copy of them.
A.must 　　B.can　　C.should 　　D.will答案????B　句意:——有一台电脑来存储我的照片真是太好了。——别太指望它。它可能会发生故障,你最好把它们复制一份。本题考查情态动词的用法。must必须,肯定;can能够,有可能;should应该;will会。can可以用在肯定句中表示推测,表示客观存在的可能性,故选B项。6.(2019江苏泰州中学、宜兴中学等校4月联合调研)Why 　　???? I drive so many miles away for a supper when I can easily have it at one of the restaurants nearby?
A.might　　B.could　　C.would　　D.must答案????D　句意:在我可以很方便地在附近的一家餐馆吃饭的情况下,我为什么非要开车这么多英里去吃个晚饭?本题考查情态动词的用法。might可以,有可能;could能够;would 会;must必须,肯定,非要。must可以表示非要,含有质疑、责备的语气,故选D项。7.(2019江苏苏州学业质量阳光指标调研)　　???? the food, the foreign guests did enjoy the dinner for the Spring Festival.
A.Eat up　 　B.Eaten up
C.To eat up　　D.Having eaten up答案????D　句意:外国客人吃光了这些食物,他们真的很享受这顿年夜饭。本题考查非谓语动词。句子主语为the foreign guests,与eat up之间存在主动关系;eat up 动作发生在enjoy之前,应用现在分词的完成式,故选D项。8.(2019江苏泰州一模)The news said that the death toll in the tsunami in Indonesia
had climbed over 400, with a lot more reported 　　????.
A.to miss 　　 B.to have been missing
C.having missed 　　D.missing答案????B????句意:新闻报道说在印尼海啸中的死亡人数已经攀升至400多,据报道还有更多的人失踪。本题考查非谓语动词。be reported to do sth.为固定用法,排除C、D两项;报道时,那些人已经失踪,应用动词不定式的完成进行式,故选B项。9.(2019江苏扬州一模)　　???? her before, he didn't know she was his daughter.
A.Not having seen　　B.Having not seen
C.Not seeing 　　 D.Not to see答案????A　句意:由于以前没有见过她,所以他不知道她是他的女儿。本题考查非谓语动词。句子主语he为非谓语动词的逻辑主语,与see之间存在主动关系;而没见过她比不知道她是他的女儿先发生,应用现在分词的完成式作原因状语,相当于As he hadn't seen her before...,故选A项。10.(2019江苏南通一模)—Ted has never been so rude!
—He 　　???? something he shouldn't have, but I guess he didn't mean that.
A.has said B.had said
C.said 　　 D.was saying答案????C　句意:——Ted从来没有这样粗鲁过!——他说了他本不该说的东西,但是我想这不是他的本意。本题考查动词的时态。根据第一句时态现在完成时及第二句中shouldn't have (said)可知,Ted说了不该说的粗鲁话,发生在过去,应用一般过去时,故选C项。11.(2019江苏无锡一模)—David, are you listening to me?
—Sorry, sir. I 　　???? of the lecture I attended yesterday.
A.have thought 　　B.was thinking
C.am thinking 　　 D.thought答案????B　句意:——David,你在听我(讲课)吗?——对不起,先生。我刚才正在想我昨天参加的讲座。本题考查动词的时态。根据语境可知,老师在问David在不在听他讲课,老师讲课在对话之前,此处表示老师讲课时David正在做的事,应用过去进行时,故选B项。12.(2019江苏无锡一模)—I wonder what makes him a good English teacher.
—He 　　???? as a volunteer in the UK for two years, which helps him with his work a lot.
A.has served 　　B.serves
C.had served 　　D.served
答案????D　句意:——我想知道是什么让他成为一名优秀的英语老师。——他在英国做过两年志愿者,这对他的工作很有帮助。本题考查动词的时态。根据语境可知,他现在是英语老师,在这之前曾在英国做了两年志愿者,应用一般过去时,故选D项。易错警示　此题易错用现在完成时态。for后接一个时间段,是否用现在完成时需看该时间段有没有延续到现在,如果延续到现在,用现在完成时;如果没延续到现在,则有可能用一般过去时或过去完成时。13.(2019江苏镇江一模)An exhibition with 885 cultural relics to be displayed 　????
at the Meridian Gate Gallery.
A.was held　　B.would hold
C.has hold 　　D.will be held答案????D　句意:一个有885件文物要展示的展览将在午门画廊举办。本题考查动词的时态。根据to be displayed可知,动词不定式表示将来,展览是将被举行,应用一般将来时的被动语态,故选D项。14.(2018常州高三期末考试)—When the Americans objected to this, what did the British do?
—They did not compromise,but increased control,　　????away many of their rights, and　　???? soldiers there.
A.taking;stationing　　 B.taking;to station
C.took;stationing　　 D.took;to station答案????A????考查非谓语。下句句意:他们没有妥协,反而加强了控制,夺走他们许多权力,并且在那儿驻兵。v.-ing表伴随,修饰前面的“加强控制”,stationing
与前面的taking并列。15.(2018第三次全国大联考江苏卷)—Can you do me a favour, Mr. Smith? My car 　　???? start.
—No problem. You can count on it.
A.won ' t　 B.mustn't
C.needn ' t D.shouldn't答案????A　考查情态动词。句意:——史密斯先生,你能帮我一个忙吗?我的车发动不起来了。——没问题。尽管放心。mustn't禁止;needn't不需要;shouldn't不应该。will作情态动词可以表示习惯或倾向性,其否定式won't是对此刻和未来情况的一种否定。结合句意,选A。16.(2018泰州中学二模)That was not the first time he 　　????us. I think it's high time we　　????strong action against him.
A.betrayed;take　　 B.had betrayed;took
C.has betrayed;took　　D.has betrayed;take答案????B　考查时态和虚拟语气。句意:那不是他第一次背叛我们。我认为我们早该对他采取强硬措施了。根据“That/This was the+序数词+time+从句(谓语动词用过去完成时)”句式,可知第一空为had betrayed;在固定搭配It's (high/about) time...中,从句谓语动词应使用一般过去时表示虚拟语气。17.(2018苏锡常镇一模)Our country has launched a campaign to ban smoking in public places, which 　　????with some heavy smokers.
A.concerns　　 B.was concerned
C.concerned　　 D.is concerned答案????D　句意:我国已经发起了一项禁止在公共场所吸烟的运动,这会涉及一些烟瘾大的人。本题考查动词时态。主句中用了现在完成时has launched,从句的时态应是现在时,排除B、C两项;be concerned with 与……有关,涉及,牵连,故选D项。18.(2018苏锡常镇一模)—Do you like the mobile game Traveling Frog?
—Yes, the posts about the virtual green frog 　　???? over 4 million times.
A.have read　　 B.have been read
C.would be read　　D.are reading答案????B　句意:——你喜欢《旅行青蛙》这款手机游戏吗?——是的,关于这只虚拟绿蛙的帖子已经被阅读了400多万次。本题结合时态考查动词的语态。帖子和阅读之间是被动的关系,再根据上下文语境可知,应用现在完成时的被动语态。故选B项。19.(2018苏北四市高三第一次调研测试)—Will you take over at the next service
area? I want a short rest.
—Sure. You 　　???? for over four hours by then.
A.have driven　　 B.have been driving
C.will be driving　　D.will have been driving答案????D　考查时态。下句意为“……到那时你将已经驾驶超过4小时了”,发生在将来,“for over four hours”表示一段时间,故选D。20.(2018南京三模)The banker finds it difficult　　????just as an ordinary human being at home.
A.to treat　　 B.to be treated
C.to have treated　　 D.to have been treated
答案????B　考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知此处表示“被对待”,排除A、C,不存在表示过去的含义,不需要用have,排除D,故选B。 1.①At first glance, my hometown is no different from any other small town, its scenery actually 　　???? among the best in the country.
A.ranks　　 B.rank
C.ranking　　 D.to rank
答案????C　考查独立主格。句意:乍一看,我的家乡和其他任何一个小镇没什么区别,实际上它的景色在全国排名名列前茅。前后主语不一致,用独立主格结构。易混易错练②The pupils in our school like reading after lunch, most of　　???? seated on the grass unless it rains.
A.them　　B.whom　　C.that　　D.who
答案????A　考查独立主格。前后两句话之间没有连接词,而且中间是逗号,这个时候要考虑非谓语动词;后一分句中的“seated”为表示“就座”的非谓语动词,故应该是“most of them”,故A项正确。如果要选whom则需要考虑非限制性定语从句,即“most of whom are seated...”。③The enquiry　　????new facts, the judge had to postpone the trial again.
A.to develop　　 B.developed
C.having developed　　 D.being developed
答案????C　考查独立主格。句意:调查出现了新的事实,法官只好再次推迟审判。前后主语不一致,用独立主格结构。出现新的事实在法官推迟审判之前,用having developed表示动作发生在“推迟”这个动作之前。2.①Much disappointed as he is　　????in the job interview, he still keeps his con-fidence.
A.to have failed　 B.failed
C.having failed　　D.failing
答案????A　考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管他工作面试失败很失望,但他仍然保持自信。as/though的倒装:形容词/状语/动词+as/though+主谓,本句中形容词disappointed提前,be disappointed to do sth.做某事感到失望。由he still keeps his confidence(他仍然保持自信)可知此处强调这件事带来的结果对后面产生了影响,因此用现在完成时态。②Difficult as rumours on microblog,or Weibo, are　　????, the authorities will step up supervision so that people will not be easily misled.
A.preventing　　 B.to be prevented
C.to prevent　　 D.being prevented
答案????C　考查特殊句式。句意:尽管博客或微博上的谣言难以防范,但当局将加强监督,使人们不会轻易地被误导。as/though的倒装:形容词/状语/动词+as/though+主谓,本句是形容词difficult提前,本句可还原为:As rumours on mi-croblog,or Weibo, are difficult to prevent...。③ Fundamental 　　???? computers are to 　　???? more industrial structure, heavy reliance on them may separate people from daily life and affect their in-terpersonal relationships.
A.as;develop　　 B.though;developing
C.although;developed　　 D.because;develop
答案????B　考查特殊句式。句意:尽管计算机对开发更多的产业结构很重要,但是严重依赖它们可能会把人们从日常生活中分离开来,影响他们的人际关系。as/though的倒装:形容词/状语/动词+as/though+主谓,本句是形容词提前,be fundamental to(doing) sth.对……是必要的。本句可还原为:Though com-puters are fundamental to developing more industrial structure...。3.①(2017江苏,22)　　????not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A.It were　　B.Were it
C.It was　 　D.Was it
答案????B　句意:没有老师们的支持,这个学生不可能克服她的困难。本题考查虚拟语气。根据题干中的the student could not overcome可知,语境是对现在事实的虚拟,be动词在虚拟语气中通常用were。当虚拟语气中if引导的条件句省略了if时,从句部分应使用倒装结构。②(2016浙江) Had the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-re-lated deaths 　　???? since their highest in 2005.
A.had not fallen　　B.would not fall
C.did not fall　　 D.would not have fallen
答案????D　句意:如果政府和科学家不共同努力,艾滋病相关的死亡就不会从2005年的最高点下降。使用虚拟语气, if条件句用的had done,而且省略it,将had提前,主句用would have done表示对过去情况的虚拟。故选D。③—The movie La La Land is awesome.It's really a pity that you didn't see it.
—Yes, I 　　????. I was too busy then.
A.didn't　　B.did　　C.wouldn't　　D.would
答案????A　句意:——《爱乐之城》这部电影棒极了。你没看成真是件遗憾事啊!——是的,我没去看。那时我太忙了。根据句意可知句中表达“我”当时没去看,故用didn't。4.①—It was such a difficult examination that a lot of students were unable to finish it on time.
—That's the case. It's hard to accept the fact that over 90% of my classmates　????????.
A.should fail　 B.should have failed
C.will fail　　 D.may fail
答案????B　句意:——这次考试很难以至于许多学生都没有按时完成。——是的,我班上超过90%的学生竟然都没有及格,这个事实让人难以接受。依照语境可知考试的难度出乎预料,故用should have failed,表示“竟然失败了”,故选B。②—I can't think why he 　　???? so angry. I meant no offence.
—It's typical of him to be sensitive.
A.should have been　 B.must have been
C.might have been　 D.can have been
答案????A　句意:——我不知道为什么他竟然会那么生气。我无意冒犯他的。——他一直很敏感。此处should表示惊讶。5.①(2012江苏高考)The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he　　????.
A.has started　　 B.starts
C.started　 　 D.will start
答案????C　考查时态。句意:总统希望人们在他辞职时候比就任时过得更好。一个动作用一般现在时表示将来,另一个动作用一般过去时表示过去发生的动作。②The headmaster in our school hopes that we will be more ambitious when we graduate than when we 　　???? admitted.
A.will get　 B.get
C.got　　 D.have got
答案????C　考查时态。句意:我们学校的校长希望我们毕业的时候比我们被录取的时候更加有抱负。根据语境可知,毕业是在将来,而“被录取”是发生在过去的动作,故选C。6.①　　???? a record-breaking seven Golden Globes, the musical La La Land surprisingly does not appeal to Chinese viewers.
A.Winning　　 B.Won
C.Having won D.To win答案????C　考查非谓语动词。句意:虽然赢得了破纪录的七项金球奖,令人吃惊的是,音乐剧《爱乐之城》对中国观众并没有产生吸引力。根据句子结构可知,此处表示的动作先于谓语动作发生,即赢得奖项在先,不吸引中国观众在后。winning表示同时发生;won为win的过去式或过去分词,句子主语与win之间存在逻辑上的主动关系,不能用过去分词作状语;to win为动词不定式结构,通常表目的;having won为现在分词的完成式,此处作时间状语,表示动作先于谓语动作发生,故选C项。② I found my computer functioning much better, 　　???? a new operating system.
A.to install　　 B.installing
C.having installed　　 D.installed
答案????C　考查非谓语动词。句意:在安装了一个新的操作系统之后,我发现我的电脑运行得更好了。本句中设空前只有一个逗号,所以可推断考查现在分词作状语的用法,排除A和D。再结合本句的意思可知,安装新的操作系统应该是在电脑运行更好之前,所以应该使用现在分词的完成式,故选C。7.①—You look pretty tired today!
—I　　　????an environmental report over the last few days, which should be submitted to the boss tomorrow.
A.wrote　　 B.was writing
C.had written　　D.have been writing
答案????D　考查动词时态。句意:——你今天看起来很累!——在过去的几天里我一直在写一个环境报告,这个报告明天应该提交给老板。表示从几天前开始一直持续到现在的动作,用现在完成进行时。②—Isn't it time you went to bed,Mike?
—I 　　???? painting all afternoon,so I have to finish my homework now.
A.was practicing　　 B.have practiced
C.have been practicing　　D.had practiced答案????A　考查动词时态。句意:——迈克,现在难道不是到你该睡觉的时间了吗?——我整个下午一直在练习画画,所以现在不得不完成作业。根据句意可知,“我”整个下午一直在画画,且是过去的事情,故用过去进行时;现在完成时和现在完成进行时表示动作可能会继续下去,因为“我”现在在写作业,所以画画的动作不会继续,排除B、C;过去完成时用于“过去的过去”,这里没有明确的表示过去的动作,排除D,故选A。8.①The selfie has inspired risk-taking behavior,　　???? the boundaries of safety, whether by hanging from a skyscraper or posing with live explosives.
A.pushed　　 B.to push
C.pushing　　D.having pushed
答案????C　考查非谓语动词。这里v.-ing表示的是一种顺其自然的结果,选C。②A new bridge has been built in recent years, only 　　　????it much easier for cars to reach the hotel on the mountain top.
A.having made　　B.making
C.to make　　 D.to have made答案????B　考查非谓语动词。句意:近年来新建了一座桥,使得汽车更容易到达山顶的酒店。现在分词作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果。9.①Watching basketball games on TV at home is one thing;going to watch them 　　???? live is quite another.
A.perform　　 B.performing
C.to perform　　D.being performed
答案????D　考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知,perform 与其逻辑主语 them 之间为被动关系, 要选表示被动意义的选项,而本题四个选项中只有 D 项表被动意义,故选 D。句意:在家里的电视上看篮球比赛是一回事,去观看它们的现场表演又是另外一回事。being performed 为现在分词的被动式,作宾语补足语。②We don't hope to see children 　　????nothing in their families, for children can be easily spoiled.
A.denying　 B.denied
C.to deny　　 D.being denied
答案????B　考查非谓语动词。句意:我们不希望看到孩子们在家里什么都不被否认,因为孩子很容易被宠坏。see sb. done表示一种否定的状态,故选B。③The goal, which they are unlikely to live to see　　????, is to “cure, prevent or manage all diseases” in the next 80 or so years.
A.accomplish　　 B.accomplished
C.accomplishing　　D.being accomplished答案????B????考查非谓语动词。句意:他们不太可能活着看到的目标是在接下来
的80年左右“治愈、预防或控制所有疾病”。The goal与accomplish是被动关
系,指目标被完成,此处用过去分词作宾补,完整形式为see the goal accomplished,故选B。课件95张PPT。考点3 句子结构考点3　句子结构
　　句子结构一般分为简单句、并列句、复合句和特殊句,复合句是指有主、从句的句子。从句是指在复合句中充当某个句子成分,但不是独立的句子。主从复合句是英语中非常重要的句子结构,历年高考都注重对定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句的考查。三大从句结构复杂,考点繁多,但都有其自身规律可循。考生只需要关注基本连接词在具体语境中的运用。近几年并列句在江苏高考中涉及不多,状语从句的重点是考生容易混淆的近似连词的选用,强调语境的真实性和知识的综合性。特殊句式的基本形式及在具体语境中的运用仍是高考必备的语言知识。1.并列句与状语从句 典例1????(2019江苏,23)The doctor shares his phone number with the patients ????　? ?
they need medical assistance.
A.if only
B.as if
C.even though
D.in case思路点拨　句意:这位医生与病人们分享了他的电话号码,以防他们需要医疗援助。本题考查状语从句。A:但愿;B:似乎,好像;C:尽管,即使;D:以防万一。根据句意可知,此处应由in case引导目的状语从句。答案????D典例2????(2017江苏,23)Located　　???? the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.
A.why　　 B.when
C.which　　D.where思路点拨　句意:位于“一带”和“一路”的交汇处,江苏将对“一带一路”的建设贡献更多。本题考查地点状语从句。设空处引导地点状语从句,且在从句中作地点状语,因此用where引导。答案????D2.定语从句
? 典例3????(2019江苏,21)We have entered into an age 　　???? dreams have the best chance of coming true.
A.which　　B.what　　C.when　　D.that思路点拨　句意:我们已经进入一个梦想最有可能实现的时代。本题考查定语从句。先行词为an age,定语从句中缺少时间状语,故用关系副词when。答案????C典例4????(2018江苏,23)Self-driving is an area　　????China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
A.that　　B.where　　C.which　　D.when思路点拨　句意:无人驾驶是一个中国和世界其他国家处在同一起跑线上的领域。考查定语从句。设空处引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词an area。将先行词代入定语从句后为:China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line in the area. 由此可知,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,所以要用关系副词where引导。答案????B典例5????(2017江苏,28)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of　　????purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
A.which　　B.its　　C.whose　　D.whom思路点拨　句意:1963年,联合国成立了世界粮食计划署,这个组织的目标之一是缓解全球范围的饥荒。本题考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词是the World Food Programme,与定语从句中的purposes是所属关系,即the World Food Programme's purposes,故选择C项。答案????C3.名词性从句
? 典例6????(2019江苏,25)Scientists have obtained more evidence 　　???? plastic is finding its way into the human body.
A.what　　B.that　　C.which　　D.where思路点拨　句意:科学家们已经获得塑料正在偶然进入人体的更多证据。本题考查名词性从句。根据语境可知,空格后的内容对evidence进行解释说明,且结构完整,故由that引导同位语从句。答案????B典例7????(2018江苏,21)By boat is the only way to get here, which is　　????we arrived.
A.where　　B.when　　C.why　　D.how思路点拨　句意:坐船是到达这里的唯一方式,这也是我们如何到达这里的。考查表语从句。which引导的是一个非限制性定语从句,其中设空处引导的是表语从句,结合语境和By boat可知,此处表达的是到达这里的方式,所以要用how引导。答案????D典例8????(2017江苏,26)We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of　　????it used to charge.
A.that　　B.which　　C.what　　D.how思路点拨　句意:我们选择这家宾馆是因为这里住一晚上的价格降到了20美元,这是其之前要价的一半。本题考查宾语从句。逗号后面是$20的同位语,charge后面缺少宾语,故用what引导。答案????C4.特殊句式
? 典例9????(2019江苏,22)The musician along with his band members 　　???? ten performances in the last three months.
A.gives　　B.has given　　C.have given　　D.give思路点拨　句意:在过去的三个月里,这位音乐家和他的乐队成员已经进行了十场演出。本题结合时态考查主谓一致。along with连接两个并列结构作主语时,谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致,故排除C项和D项。根据时间状语in the last three months可知,谓语动词应该用现在完成时。答案????B典例10????(2016江苏,21)Not until recently　　???? the development of tourist-
related activities in the rural areas.
A.they had encouraged　　B.had they encouraged
C.did they encourage　　 D.they encouraged思路点拨　句意:直到近期,他们才开始鼓励农村地区与旅游有关的活动的发展。本题考查倒装句。not until位于句首时,句子用部分倒装结构;根据recently
可知,此处并非指“过去的过去”。此处指过去所发生的动作,应用一般过去时态。本题结合动词时态考查倒装结构,体现了高考强调不同知识的综合运用的考查方向。
答案????C1.(2019江苏苏锡常镇教情调查二)—Who recommended Nancy for the post?
—It was James 　　???? admiration for her was obvious.
A.who　 　B.that
C.whose　　D.whom巩固技能练答案????C　句意:——谁举荐Nancy到这个岗位的啊?——是James,他对她的赞
赏是显而易见的。本题考查定语从句。答句是一个强调句,省略了后半句,其完整回答应为It was James whose admiration for her was obvious that recommended Nancy for the post. 其中James被定语从句修饰,admiration与先行词James为所属关系,应用whose引导从句,故选C项。2.(2019江苏南京、盐城一模)Never turn down a job because you think it's too small. You don't know 　　???? it can lead.
A.how　　B.where　　C.whether　　D.what
答案????B　句意:永远不要因为你觉得一份工作太渺小而拒绝它。你不知道它会通向何方。本题考查名词性从句。know后接宾语,因此设空处引导宾语从句,从句中缺少地点状语,因此设空处应用where,故选B项。解题技巧　本题考查从句的引导词。先确定know后是一个宾语从句,再分析从句结构,判断从句是否缺少成分,缺什么成分,原则是缺什么补什么。3.(2019江苏南师附中、天一中学、海门中学、淮阴中学期初调研)“The government is prepared to do 　　???? it takes to maintain the stability of our fi-nancial system,” the Prime Minister said. “That's our priority.”
A.whom　　B.that　　C.what　　D.which答案????C　句意:总理说:“政府准备不惜一切代价来维持金融系统的稳定,这是我们优先处理的事。”本题考查名词性从句。do后应为宾语,因此设空处引导宾语从句,从句中takes后缺少宾语,指物,应用what,故选C项。4.(2019江苏南京、盐城二模)Difficulties strengthen the mind, 　　???? labour does the body.
A.if 　　 B.as
C.for 　　D.so答案????B　句意:困难能使头脑强大,正如劳动能使身体强壮那样。本题考查状语从句。if如果,引导条件状语从句;for连接并列分句,补充说明原因;so连接并列分句,前后分句之间存在因果关系;as正如,像……,引导方式状语从句,符合语境,故选B项。5.(2019江苏南京、盐城二模)He was offered a position at the local church school, 　　???? he went to Cambridge.
A.after when 　　 B.since which
C.after which 　　D.since when答案????C　句意:他在当地的教会学校获得了一份工作,之后他去了剑桥。本题考查定语从句。根据句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为整个主句,he went to Cambridge发生在主句所指的事情之后,相当于After he was offered..., he went to Cambridge.,故选C项。6.(2019江苏南京、盐城一模)A scientist's attempt to produce the world's first gene-edited babies 　　????are immune to HIV has sparked controversy in
academia and the public.
A.as　　 B.who
C.whom　　 D.whose答案????B　句意:一位科学家试图创造世界上首例免疫艾滋病的基因编辑婴儿,引起了学术界和公众的争议。本题考查定语从句。根据句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句,先行词是babies,从句缺少主语,指人,应用who,故选B项。7.(2019江苏南通一模)Taking targeted measures to help people lift themselves out of poverty, 　　???? has been predicted, is fruitful.
A.what 　　B.which 　　C.as 　　D.that答案????C????句意:正如被预测的那样,采取针对性的措施帮助人们摆脱贫困是富有成效的。本题考查定语从句。as正如……,引导非限制性定语从句,符合语境,故选C项。 8.(2019江苏江都中学、扬中高级中学、溧水高级中学期初联考)　　? offensive nicknames are seen as a form of bullying at school, next time you want to call
someone by its nickname, weigh it before you do.
A.Since　　 B.Unless
C.Although　　D.Before答案????A　句意:由于冒犯性的绰号被看成是校园欺凌的一种形式,下次你想叫人绰号,要三思而后行。本题考查状语从句。since由于,引导原因状语从句;unless除非,相当于if not,引导条件状语从句;although虽然,引导让步状语从句;before在……之前,引导时间状语从句。根据语境,主从句之间存在明显的因果关系。故选A项。9.(2019江苏苏州学业质量阳光指标调研)Never weep even when you are sad 　　???? you never know who is falling in love with your smile.
A.as if　　 B.as
C.as long as　　D.as far as答案????B　句意:即使在伤心的时候你也不要哭泣,因为你永远不知道谁会爱上你的微笑。本题考查状语从句。as if好像,引导方式状语从句;as因为,当……时候,引导原因或时间状语从句;as long as只要,引导条件状语从句;as far as就……而言。根据语境可知选B项。 10.(2019江苏第二次百校联考)Sometimes, the kind of food we serve a person suggests 　　???? we show our gratitude.
A.when 　　B.what　　C.why 　　D.how答案????D　句意:有时候,我们为别人提供的食物暗示了我们如何表达我们的感激之情。本题考查名词性从句。宾语从句中主谓宾齐全,缺方式状语,故选D项。11.(2019江苏第二次百校联考)In many ways, the magic of AI is 　　???? it's not something you can see or touch.
A.whether 　　B.what
C.that 　　 D.why答案????C　句意:在很多方面,人工智能的神奇之处在于它不是你能看得见或摸得到的。考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知,is后为表语从句,从句意义完整,不缺少句子成分。故选C项。12.(2019江苏徐州第一次质检)As Emerson puts it, 　　???? we travel the world over to find the beautiful, we must carry it with us or we find it not.
A.unless 　　 B.until
C.though 　　D.because答案????C　句意:如爱默生所言,虽然我们环游世界是为了寻找美,但是我们必须与美同行才能发现它。 unless除非,引导条件状语从句,相当于if not;until直到,引导时间状语从句;though尽管,引导让步状语从句;because因为,引导原因状语从句。前后句内容之间存在明显的转折关系,故选C项。13.(2019江苏南京、盐城一模)He was still full of optimism for the future despite
many problems, and never once 　　???? him get worried or upset.
A.I saw　　 B.I would see
C.did I see　　D.would I see答案????C　句意:尽管有很多问题,他仍对未来非常乐观,并且我从没见过他担心或难过。本题考查倒装句。否定词never置于句首,引起部分倒装;and连接了两个并列分句,根据前一个分句的时态可知,第二个分句也应用一般过去时,故选C项。14.(2018盐城三模)If we worked on the assumption 　　???? what is accepted as true really is true, then there would be little hope for advance.
A.where　　B.if　　C.whether　　D.that答案????D　考查同位语从句。on the assumption that假定……,故选D。15.(2018通泰扬徐宿淮六市二模)We were much surprised when we saw his
ecological farm the other day, 　　????I had imagined growing much bigger.
A.when　　B.which　　C.where　　D.who答案????B　考查定语从句。 I had imagined 　　???? growing much bigger,从句中缺宾语,故用 which引导。16.(2018苏锡常镇二模)There have been a lot of single case reports 　　???? teenagers or young adults are bullied on social media and they end up committing
suicide.
A.which　　B.whose　　C.where　　D.when答案????C　句意:已经有很多的个案报道,青少年或年轻人遭受网络暴力,最后以自杀告终。本题考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,先行词是single case reports,从句缺少地点状语,应用where引导定语从句,故选C项。17.(2018苏锡常镇一模)Newly released data points to an increase in technology use among children, 　　???? some worry is changing the very nature of childhood.
A.why　　B.which　　C.who　　D.where答案????B　句意:新公布的数据表明,科技在儿童中的使用有所增加,有些人担心它会改变童年的本质。本题考查定语从句。which指代前文提到的“科技在儿童中的使用有所增加”这种情况,并在从句中作主语,故选B项。此句中,some worry为插入语,对理解句子有影响。18.(2018南京、盐城二模)“I'm in China”, 　　???? invites foreigners worldwide
to experience unique jobs, is a project under the guidance of the State Council.
A.that　　B.which　　C.where　　D.what答案????B　句意:“我在中国”是在国务院指导下进行的一个项目。这个项目邀请世界各地的外国人来体验独特的工作。本题考查定语从句。根据句子结构可知,此处用关系代词which 引导非限制性定语从句,指代上文提到的“I'm in China”这个项目,并在从句中作主语,故选B项。19.(2018南通、泰州一模)It was only when he broke down and was sent to hospital for treatment 　　???? fully aware of the value of health.
A.did he become　　 B.that he became
C.had he become　　D.that he had become答案????B　考查强调句型和时态。句意:只有当他崩溃被送到医院治疗的时候他才充分意识到健康的价值。此处不倒装,故选B。20.(2018苏锡常镇一模)We won't think of human clones and 　　???? any reason to suggest that we are closer to producing them now than we were in the past.
A.neither there is　　B.neither there was
C.nor is there　 　D.nor was there答案????C　句意:我们不会考虑克隆人类,也没有任何理由表明我们现在比以往更有可能制造他们。本题考查倒装句。and后面的分句表示“(另一个主语)也不……”,可用“neither/nor +系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”结构,且根据语境可知用一般现在时,故选C项。拓展提升练
1.(2019江苏南通三月联考)—You need to provide a hard argument as to 　????the exam scheme will be reformed.
—As you see, teachers and students have a heavy burden.
A.where　　B.when　????
C.how　　 D.why答案????D　句意:——你需要就为什么要改革考试制度提供一个有力的论据。——正如你所看到的,老师和学生负担过重。本题考查名词性从句。as to关于,为介词短语,后面应接宾语从句。论据应是关于考试制度改革的原因,而不是改革的地点、时间或方式,排除where、when和how,用why引导宾语从句。故选D项。2.(2019江苏苏北七市二模)The science competition is a good opportunity to show students 　　???? creativity can add new value to their school life.
A.where　　B.whether
C.how　　 D.when答案????C　句意:科学竞赛是一个很好的向学生展示创造力如何给他们的学校生活增添新的价值的机会。本题考查名词性从句。根据show sb. sth.(向某人展示某物)的用法可知,空格处引导宾语从句。用how引导宾语从句符合语境,故选C项。3.(2019江苏南京、盐城三模)We live in this society now 　　???? literally someone is always helping.
A.when　　B.where　　C.that　　D.what答案????B　句意:现在我们生活在一个确实总是有人乐于助人的社会。本题考
查定语从句。根据句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句,先行词为this society;
从句缺少地点状语,用关系副词where引导,故选B项。4.(2019江苏苏北七市三模)A new airport may be constructed in Nantong, 　????the pace of economic growth will be accelerated.
A.in which case　　B.in that case
C.in what case　　 D.in whose case
答案????A????句意:在南通可能要建一个新机场,在这种情况下,经济发展的步伐将加快。本题考查定语从句。in which case用于引导非限制性定语从句,符合语境,故选A项。思路点拨　本题较易误选in whose case。whose+n.表示所属关系,而此处表示在前文提到的这种情况下,并不是所属关系。in which case用于引导非限制性定语从句,前面不能再加并列连词and。类似用法还有during which time引导定语从句。5.(2019江苏南师附中、天一中学、海门中学、淮阴中学期初调研)You can arrive in Beijing earlier for the meeting 　　???? you don't mind taking the night train.
A.provided　　 B.unless
C.though　　 D.while答案????A　句意:如果你不介意坐晚上的火车,你就能早一点到北京参加会议。本题考查状语从句。provided倘若,引导条件状语从句;unless否则,相当于if not,引导条件状语从句;though虽然,引导让步状语从句;while当……时候,虽然,引导时间或让步状语从句。根据语境可知,不介意坐晚上的火车是早一点到北京的前提条件。故选A项。6.(2019江苏南师附中、天一中学、海门中学、淮阴中学期初调研)Happy 　????
in any activities organized by the company, he isn't well received by everyone.
A.as is he to be involved
B.though he is to be involved
C.as he is involved
D.though he is to involve答案????B　句意:尽管他很乐意参加公司组织的任何活动,但是他并不受大家的欢迎。本题考查状语从句。此处为让步状语从句的倒装结构:形容词/副词+as/though+主语+谓语,可排除A项;根据be involved in...参加……,可排除D项;be happy to do sth.为固定用法,故排除C项。此句正常句式为Though he is happy to be involved in...,故选B项。7.(2019江苏南京、盐城二模)Nature is understandable in the sense 　　???? she will answer truly and reward us with discoveries when we ask her questions via observation.
A.that 　　B.where 　　C.how 　　D.what
答案????A　句意:当我们通过观察这种方法向大自然问问题,她会真诚地给我们答复,并且会以让我们发现许多东西作为报答。从这个意义上来说,大自然是可以理解的。本题考查名词性从句。本句中that引导同位语从句,补充说明sense的具体内容,故选A项。解题技巧　解答本题首先抓住关键名词sense,分析其后的从句是定语从句还是同位语从句;判断的关键是看从句是否缺少句子成分,本题的从句意义和结构完整,所以填入that。8.(2019江苏苏锡常镇教情调查一)The tech industry expo, which attracted more than 180,000 people, was a reminder of 　　???? the tech industry is best at: being
optimistic about itself.
A.that　　B.how　　C.what　　D.which答案????C　句意:这个吸引了超过18万人的科技产业博览会是一个提示,它提醒人们科技产业最擅长的是:对自己的乐观。本题考查名词性从句。of 后为宾语从句,从句中be best at后缺少宾语,指物,用what,故选C项。9.(2019江苏苏锡常镇教情调查一)There are hundreds of scenes in English
novels 　　???? characters walk through a landscape of fallen leaves, which mirrors the feelings of the characters.
A.which 　　B.where 　　C.that 　　D.when答案????B　句意:英国小说中有成百上千个这样的场景:主人公在铺满落叶的景色中缓缓走过,这反映出主人公的情感。本题考查定语从句。scenes为先行词,从句缺少地点状语in the scenes,应用关系副词where,故选B项。10.(2019江苏南通一模)It was announced that only after the candidates' papers were collected 　　???? to leave the room.
A.had they been permitted
B.would they be permitted
C.that they would be permitted
D.that they had been permitted
答案????B????句意:据宣布,只有在候选人的试卷被收起来后,他们才被允许离开房间。本题考查倒装句。only+状语从句置于句首,引起部分倒装;整个句子以过去作为语境,after引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时,主句用过去将来时,故选B项。思路点拨????本句包含一个主语从句,it为形式主语,that从句为真正的主语。“only+after引导的状语从句”在主语从句的句首,这一点考生容易忽视,以为“only+状语”不在句首。11.(2018南京、盐城一模)　　????, you need to be failing more if you are expected
to succeed in the end.
A.Strange as might it seem
B.As it might seem strange
C.As strange it might seem
D.Strange as it might seem答案????D　考查倒装。as引导的让步状语从句要使用倒装句,结构是:表语+as+主语+情态动词+系动词,故将表语strange提到句首。句意:虽然看起来很奇怪,但如果你最终想要成功,你需要更多的失败。故选D。12.(2018江苏,29)　　????you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
A.Once　　B.Unless　　C.If　　D.When答案????B　句意:如果你睡不好觉的话,一两夜过后你就会无法集中注意力,无法做计划,也无法保持干劲了。考查状语从句。根据语境可知此处考查条件状语从句,unless=if...not,意为“除非……;如果不……”。13.(2018通泰扬徐宿淮连七市三模)　　　????Jack gets home after school is calculated so that Mum can ensure him warm meals.
A.That　　B.When　　C.Whether　　D.How答案????B　句意:Jack放学后何时到家是被计算好的,这样的话妈妈可以保证他能吃到热饭。本题考查名词性从句。根据语境可知,为了保证他能吃上热饭,因此计算的是Jack到家的时间,应用when引导主语从句,故选B项。14.(2018第二次全国大联考江苏卷)　　???? on electricity that people are unable to do almost anything without it.
A.Such is dependence
B.Such dependence does
C.So they are dependent
D.So do they depend答案????A　考查倒装句。在“so/such...that...”这个结构中,当把 so 或 such 提前时,主句要用全部倒装,由此可排除 B、C 两项;D 项与这个句式不符。故只有 A 项正确。15.(2018扬州中学四模)—Was it still there 　　???? you were away to answer the phone?
—There is no doubt about it.
A.that　　 B.which
C.where　　 D.while答案????D　考查状语从句。句意:——在你离开去接电话的时候它还在那儿吗?——毫无疑问。while表示“在……期间”。16.(2018盐城三模)Many of life's failures are experienced by people who did not realize how close they were to success 　　???? they gave up.
A.once　　 B.while
C.when　　D.unless答案????C　考查连词。句意:人们经历的很多生活中的失败是因为他们不知道他们放弃时,距离成功是多么近。空格后为时间状语从句,用when引导,选C。17.(2018扬州中学四模)Young people who have got jobs may realize university lessons can't be the only preparation for all of the situations 　　???? appear in the working world.
A.where　　B.when　　C.that　　D.what答案????C　考查定语从句。句意:得到工作的年轻人可能意识到大学课程并不是唯一为出现在职场上的各种情况所作的准备。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为situations,且从句缺主语,故选C。18.(2018南京、盐城一模)Our health is　　????we make of it—give it attention and it improves;give it none and it weakens.
A.what　　 B.whether
C.how　　 D.who答案????A　考查名词性从句。what用来引导表语从句。句意:我们的健康就是我们使它成为的样子——给予它关注,它就会改善;不闻不问,它就会虚弱。19.(2018泰州中学二模)Nowadays, more and more young ladies,　　　????fig-ures most are fine enough, are going on a diet.
A.who　　 B.whose
C.of whose　　 D.of whom答案????C　考查定语从句。young ladies与figures有所属关系,故用whose。再根据most表示“大部分”,后接介词of表示范围,相当于most of young ladies' figures。句意:如今,越来越多的年轻女士都在节食,其中大多数身材都不错。故选C。20.(2018盐城三模)By December 2017, the number of Chinese netizens reached 772 million, 　　???? 753 million surfed the Internet via mobile phones.
A.which　　B.whose　　C.of which　　D.for whom答案????C　考查定语从句。句意:到2017年12月,中国的网民数量已经达到了七亿七千二百万人,其中七亿五千三百万人都在用手机上网。在这里of which表示“在……之中”,故选C。易混易错练
1.①Was it near the building, if I may ask, 　　???? Martin Luther King gave the speech I have a dream?
A.where　　B.which　????
C.that　　 D.when答案????C　考查强调句型。句意:如果我可以问的话,马丁·路德·金是在这栋楼附近作《我有一个梦想》的演讲吗?if I may ask为插入语,强调句型的结构是:It is/was+被强调部分+that+其他。判断强调句型的方法是把It is/was that去掉后,整个句子仍不缺成分。这里被强调的部分是near the building,故选C。
②It is not so much the language 　　???? the cultural background 　　???? makes the film difficult to understand.
A.that;as　　 B.what;as
C.as;what　　D.as;that
答案????D　考查短语和强调句型。句意:相比较语言,这部电影的文化背景使其更难理解。so much as...“和……一样多”,整个句子的结构是强调句型,强调句子的主语,第二空用that,故选D。③—Have you searched the sitting room for your key?
—No. It was in the study　　???? I remember I left it.
A.which　　B.where
C.that　　 D.as
答案????C　考查强调句。句意:——你在客厅里找你的钥匙了吗?——没有。我记得我把它落在了书房里。去掉It was和该空之后,剩余部分为一个完整句子:I remember I left it in the study.。根据强调句的判断依据可知,这是一个强调句,故该空应填that。2.①You are 　　???? you read. By reading texts in history and other disciplines, you'll build a foundation of knowledge in these fields that will also give you the background to be better readers in all areas.
A.what　　B.that　　C.which　　D.who
答案????A　考查名词性从句。第一句句意:你的阅读造就了你。what引导表语从句,故选A。② A ship in harbor is safe, but that's not 　　????ships are built for.
A.what　　B.that　　C.why　　D.how
答案????A　考查名词性从句。句意:船停泊在港口固然安全,但是这不是造轮船的目的。这里是表语从句,表语从句中for缺少宾语,故用what引导。that引导表语从句的时候,不作成分;why为什么;how怎么。所以选A。③In 1776, two Spanish men were seeking a way to travel from Santa Fe, in 　????????
is now New Mexico, to California on the west coast of North America.
A.where　　B.that　　C.which　　D.what
答案????D　考查名词性从句。介词in后为宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,指物,应用what引导,故选D。3.①The Tang Dynasty is generally regarded as a golden chapter by people worldwide, 　　???? the Chinese civilization influenced many neighboring
countries.
A.where　　B.when　　C.which　　D.who
答案????B　考查定语从句。句意:全世界的人普遍认为唐朝是一个黄金时期,在这个时期,中国文明影响了很多临近的国家。“　　????the Chinese civiliza-tion influenced many neighboring countries”是非限制性定语从句,修饰the Tang Dynasty,引导词在从句中作时间状语,故应用关系副词when引导该从句。B选项正确。②Many elderly people consider school days as their golden days 　　???? they cannot return again.
A.on which　　B.by which　　C.to which　　D.from which答案????C　考查定语从句。句意:许多老年人认为上学的日子是他们再也回不去的黄金时光。return to回到,先行词是school days,故用to which,选C。4.①So 　　???? sometimes in trying to accomplish something big 　　???? we fail to notice the little things that give life its magic.
A.we get caught up;as
B.do we get caught up;that
C.caught up get we;as
D.caught up do we get;that
答案????D　考查部分倒装。句意:我们有时会过分注重完成一些大的事情,以至于我们没有注意到那些给生命带来魔力的小事情。在so...that...句式中,当so+形容词或副词位于句子开头时,则主句用部分倒装,结合句意可知答案为D。②—Never in my life 　　????such an embarrassment.They threw apples at me.
—Well. Fortunately watermelons are out of season.
A.I received
B.was I received
C.I have been received
D.have I received答案????D　考查部分倒装。句意:——我一生中从未遇到过如此困窘之事。他们朝我扔苹果。——嗯。还好不是西瓜的当令季节。本题考查倒装句。“否定词+状语”位于句首时,句子要部分倒装,句子的正常语序为I have never received such an embarrassment in my life.句子主语I和receive之间为主动关系,时态应为现在完成时,故选D项。5.①(2018天津)Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend　　????they get sweet enough to be eaten.
A.ever since　　 B.as if
C.even though　　 D.so that
答案????D　句意:到周末我们再摘这些桃子吧。那样的话它们就变得足够甜能吃了。本题考查状语从句。由设空处后的内容可判断,设空处引导目的状语从句,故答案为D项。ever since自从;as if好像;even though虽然。②The man hid himself behind the door waiting 　　???? no other people could see him negotiating with his manager about his promotion.
A.in case　　B.in that
C.so that　　 D.now that
答案????C　考查状语从句。in case以防万一;in that因为;so that以便;now that既然。句意:这个男人躲在门背后等待着,这样就没有其他人能看到他和他的经理商量着升职的事。③My father helps arrange a Sunday brunch at the community center 　　???? the senior citizens can get together with their friends.
A.in that　　 B.in case
C.so that　　 D.for that
答案????C　考查状语从句。句意:我父亲在社区中心帮忙安排星期日的早午餐,以便老年人可以和他们的朋友聚在一起。由此可知此处是so that引导的目的状语从句。6.①Why do you turn to me for help 　　???? you can easily work out the problem independently?
A.until　　B.when　　C.after　　D.unless
答案????B　考查连词辨析。句意:既然你能轻松地独立解决这个难题,为什么你要向我求助呢? until 直到……为止;when 考虑到;既然;after在……以后;un-less 除非,如果不。故选B。②How come every kid today is meant to be a champion for something 　　???? we know every kid can't be a star?
A.in case　 B.as if
C.when D.unless
答案????C　考查连词辨析。句意:既然我们知道不是每个孩子都能成为明星,那为什么现在的每个孩子都必须是某个方面的优胜者呢?when既然;in case假使;免得;以防;as if好像;unless除非。7.①Robots can also shine in fields 　　???? require higher professional skills.
A.that　　B.how　　C.when　　D.where
答案????A　考查定语从句。句意:机器人也能在需要更高专业技能的领域发光。先行词fields指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,用that引导,故选A。②Keeping a regular sleep schedule is important to setting a baby's body clock, 　　????researchers note should be in place by about 4 months of age.
A.whose　　B.which　　C.when　　D.where
答案????B　考查定语从句。which引导定语从句,在从句中作主语(把researchers
note插入语去掉后,判断出从句少主语)。③The singer confirmed her claim she had made to the media 　　???? she said she would not leave the band.
A.what　　B.that　　C.when　　D.where
答案????D　考查定语从句。she had made to the media为定语,修饰her claim,后面she said she would not leave the band结构完整,此处表示“在她的声明中”,用where。故选D。④ Push yourself to go beyond your comfort zone because that's　　???? life truly does begin.
A.what　　B.where　　C.which　　D.whose
答案????B　考查表语从句。句意:强迫自己走出舒适区,因为那才是生活真正开始的地方。where在句中引导表语从句,指“……的地方”,故选B。⑤With private groups, there is a false sense 　　????everybody in the groups knows each other and has the same interests in mind.
A.where　　B.that　　C.what　　D.why
答案????B　句意:关于私人团体,会有一个错误的意识,即团体中的每个成员都彼此了解并志趣相投。that引导同位语从句,解释说明sense“感觉,意识”。8.①(2018天津)The gold medal will be awarded to　　???? wins the first place in the bicycle race.
A.whomever　　 B.wherever
C.whoever　　 D.whatever
答案　①C　句意:这块金牌将颁发给这场自行车比赛中获得第一名的人。本题考查宾语从句。“　　????wins the first place in the bicycle race”为宾语从句,该从句缺少主语,且设空处表示“任何人”,故填whoever,相当于anyone who。②—How about travelling abroad this winter holiday, just for a change?
—OK. 　　????you want.
A.Whichever　　B.However
C.Whatever　　 D.Whoever
答案????C　考查状语从句。句意:——这个寒假出国旅游怎么样,只是做些改变?——好的,随便你。whatever在这里引导让步状语从句,意为“所……的一切事或东西”,而whichever意为“……的那个人或事物”,选C。9.①　　???? they are extremely talented, it can be really hard for models with just a few years' experience to impress the big brands and win opportunities.
A.As long as　　B.Unless
C.Until　　 D.In case
答案　①B　考查状语从句。句意:除非他们极有天赋,否则对于仅有几年经验的模特来说,很难给大品牌留下深刻的印象并赢得机会。unless除非,如果不。②　　???? you may not be the next Bill Gates, for example, by learning from people like him you may become just as, if not more famous, because of your success.
A.If　　 B.While
C.Since　　 D.As
答案????B　考查状语从句。句意:举个例子,尽管你可能不是下一个比尔·盖茨,通过向像他这样的人学习,因为你的成功,如果不能更著名的话,至少可能变得和他一样有名。此处是while引导的让步状语从句,while尽管。③—Shall we turn to the boss for a longer holiday?
—He'll probably say no,　　???? it's worth asking.
A.so　　 B.while
C.unless　　 D.though
答案????D　考查状语从句。句意:——我们去找老板要个更长的假期好吗?——尽管问一问是值得的,但是他很可能会不同意。前后两个分句之间是转折关系,though引导让步状语从句,故D项正确。while引导让步状语从句通常置于主句之前。课件58张PPT。考点4 习语会话考点4　习语会话
　　高考对交际用语的考查越来越灵活,强化语义,话题也越来越多。高考命题更突出语境,充分体现语言的交际性和实用性。因此考生应具备对英语基础知识的理解和对地道英语的驾驭能力。把跨文化交际中常用的交际用语和英语习语、谚语、俚语等结合起来,放在生活化的场景中去运用。1.习惯用语
? 典例1????(2018江苏,35)—What happened? Your boss seems to 　　????.
—Didn't you know his secretary leaked the secret report to the press?
A.be over the moon
B.laugh his head off
C.be all ears
D.fly off the handle思路点拨　句意:——发生什么事了?你们的老板好像大发雷霆了。——难道你不知道他的秘书把那份秘密报告泄露给了新闻媒体吗?考查英语习语。fly off the handle大发雷霆。符合语境。be over the moon 高兴极了。laugh one's head off狂笑不已。be all ears全神贯注地听。答案????D典例2????(2017江苏,33)—What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean?
—It's nothing. Just something　　????.
A.as clear as day
B.off the top of my head
C.under my nose
D.beyond my wildest dreams思路点拨　句意:——你T恤上的东西是什么意思啊?——没什么,只是随便写上去的而已。本题考查习语。根据题干中的nothing可知没有特别含义,off the top of my head“不假思索,即兴”。答案????B2.情景交际
? 典例3????(2019江苏,35)—Let's take a coffee break.
—　　???? We've been working for hours.
A.Why bother?　　 B.What for?
C.You got me there.　 　 D.You said it.思路点拨　句意:——让我们喝杯咖啡休息一会儿吧。——你算说对了。我们已经工作好几个小时了。本题考查情景交际。A:何苦呢?B:为什么呢?C:你难倒我了。D:正合我心意。答案????D典例4????(2017江苏,35)—Going to watch the Women's Volleyball Match on Wednesday?
—　　????! Will you go with me?
A.You there　　 B.You bet
C.You got me　　D.You know better思路点拨　句意:——周三去看女排比赛吗?——当然啦!你和我一起去吗?本题考查情景交际。根据题干,答语是对问句的肯定回答,因此用You bet!“当然!”。答案????B1.(2019江苏南京、盐城三模)—Is there any chance of my being promoted?
—If you want a promotion, you'd better 　　???? rather than get your way.
A.play the game　　 B.cross your fingers
C.raise the red flag　　 D.kill the fatted calf巩固技能练答案????A　句意:——我有被提拔的机会吧?——如果你想要晋升,你得遵守规则,而不是随心所欲。本题考查情景交际。play the game遵守规则,规规矩矩;cross your fingers祈求好运;raise the red flag发出警示;kill the fatted calf设宴款待。故选A项。2.(2019江苏江都中学、扬中高级中学、溧水高级中学期初联考)—I'm going to Syria. Would you please tell me your experiences there?
—　　???? . Let's discuss it over dinner.
A.Never mind　　 B.Go ahead
C.By all means　　D.It just depends 答案????C　句意:——我将去叙利亚。你能告诉我你在那里的经历吗?——当然可以。吃饭的时候我们讨论一下。本题考查情景交际。never mind不要紧,没关系,回答道歉时的用语;go ahead去吧,用吧;by all means当然可以;it just depends 视情况而定。根据后面内容可知,对方同意了,故选C项。3.(2019江苏苏锡常镇教情调查一)—What would you like to do this weekend?
—　　????. It's up to you.
A.Whatever 　　B.Definitely
C.Go ahead 　　D.Good idea答案????A　句意:——你这周末想做什么?——都可以,由你决定。本题考查情景交际。definitely当然;go ahead去吧,用吧;good idea好主意;whatever随便什么,此处为省略的说法,完整结构为whatever you like,故选A项。4.(2019江苏南京、盐城二模)—There are probably aliens living here on earth.
—　　???? ! I can't believe you said that.
A.Come on 　　B.Forget it
C.Go ahead 　　D.Allow me答案????A　句意:——可能有外星人生活在地球上。——得了吧!我不相信你说的。本题考查情景交际。come on得了吧,快,加油;forget it没关系;go ahead 去吧,用吧;allow me让我来。根据I can't believe...可知,答者并不相信,故选A项。5.(2019江苏南通、泰州七市第一次调研)—Kelly, what do you think of the guy who has a sweet voice?
—To be frank, he is 　　????.
A.not the salt of the earth
B.not my cup of tea
C.a person of interest
D.the man in the street答案????B　句意:——Kelly,你觉得那个嗓音甜美的小伙子怎么样啊?——说实话,他不是我的菜。本题考查英语习语在情景交际中的运用。the salt of the earth善良而诚实的人;my cup of tea我的菜;a person of interest相关人员;the man in the street普通人。根据语境可知,第一个人用了sweet voice,说明喜欢这个小伙子,但第二个人不喜欢,故选B项。6.(2019江苏扬州一模)—Are you going to Tom's birthday party?
—　　???? I've got a present for him.
A.It depends. 　　 B.Don't bother!
C.Are you kidding? 　 　D.Definitely!答案????D　句意:——你要去Tom的生日晚会吗?——当然!我已经为他买好礼物了。本题考查情景交际。It depends. 视情况而定;Don't bother!不麻烦了!Are you kidding?你开玩笑吗?Definitely!当然!根据语境可知,第二个人已经买好了礼物,说明肯定会去,故选D项。7.(2019江苏苏锡常镇教情调查一)—Should I ask the boss if he's upset at my coming late in the morning?
—If he hasn't said anything about it, just 　　????.
A.let sleeping dogs lie
B.strike while the iron is hot
C.put yourself in his shoes
D.kill two birds with one stone答案????A　句意:——我应该问一下老板他是否对于我今天早上迟到的事感到生气吗?——如果他什么都没说,不要自找麻烦。let sleeping dogs lie不要自找麻烦;strike while the iron is hot趁热打铁;put yourself in one's shoes设身处地;kill two birds with one stone一石二鸟。根据语境可知如果老板没说什么,就没必要自找麻烦,故选A项。8.(2019江苏镇江一模)—Excuse me, but why am I not allowed to use the gym?
—　　????, but your room price doesn't cover it.
A.No hurry 　　 B.No wonder
C.No offence 　　D.No problem答案????C　句意:——请问,我为什么不能用健身房?——无意冒犯,但是你的房价不含健身房的费用。本题考查情景交际。no hurry不急;no wonder难怪;no offence无意冒犯;no problem没问题。no offence后通常是些可能会引起对方不快的话,故选C项。9.(2019江苏第二次百校联考)—That's the third time you've done that!
—Yeah, 　　?????
A.what of it 　　 B.what's on
C.what about 　　D.what for答案????A　句意:——这是你第三次这么做了!——是啊,那又怎么样?本题考查情景交际。what of it那又怎么样;what's on什么在发生,什么在上映; what about……怎么样; what for为何目的。根据Yeah可知,答者承认某事属实,但对此感到无所谓,故选A项。10.(2019江苏第二次百校联考)It is unwise to disturb one who is devoted to his work. Just 　　????.
A.face the music 　　 B.fly off the handle
C.eat your words 　　 D.bite your tongue答案????D　句意:打扰一个专心工作的人是不明智的。闭上你的嘴。本题考查英语谚语在情景中的运用。face the music接受批评(或惩罚);fly off the handle勃然大怒;eat your words承认说错; bite your tongue忍住不说。故选D项。11.(2018南京、盐城一模)—David has been 　　???? since he got the offer in this company.
—He has to. You know, the boss is a faultfinder.
A.facing the music　　 B.crying for the moon
C.walking on eggshells　　D.waking a sleeping dog答案????C　句意:——自从得到这家公司提供的工作后,David一直如履薄冰。——他不得不这样啊。你知道,这个老板是个吹毛求疵的人。本题考查英语习语在情景交际中的运用。face the music接受批评;cry for the moon 想要得不到的东西;walk on eggshells如履薄冰;wake a sleeping dog招惹是非。由于老板总是找茬,所以David必须小心翼翼,如履薄冰,故选C项。12.(2018南京、盐城一模)—Making a computer program is a herculean task for me. Can you give me a hand?
—Oh, 　　????. Turn to Jackson, who is an expert in it.
A.it counts for nothing
B.it's not the case
C.it doesn't hurt to ask
D.it's all Greek to me答案????D　句意:——对我来说编电脑程序是一项艰难的任务。你能帮我一下吗?——哦,我对此一窍不通。找Jackson帮忙吧,他是这方面的专家。本题考查情景交际。It counts for nothing.这毫无价值;It's not the case.情况并非如此;It doesn't hurt to ask.问问也无妨;It's all Greek to me.我对此一窍不通,符合语境,故选D项。13.(2018扬州中学四模)—Mr. Hu is a man of few words, but quick in mind.
—　　????, you know.
A.A single flower does not make a spring
B.A man of words and not of deeds is like a garden full of weeds
C.A still tongue makes a wise head
D.A great talker is a great liar答案????C　句意:——胡先生是一个说话少但思维敏捷的人。——你知道的,智者寡言。 A single flower does not make a spring.一花独放不是春。A man of words and not of deeds is like a garden full of weeds.光说空话不做事,犹如花园光长刺。A still tongue makes a wise head.智者寡言。 A great talker is a great liar.说大话者多谎话。14.(2018盐城三模)It had been many years since my last visit, but I found the house by 　　????.
A.losing my head 　　 B.catching my eye
C.biting my tongue　　D.following my nose答案????D　后半句句意:但是我凭我的直觉找到了这所房子。follow my nose凭直觉。15.(2018第二次全国大联考江苏卷)—Tonight I'm playing Hamlet for the first time.I'm worried.
—You'll be great. 　　????.
A.Break a leg　　 B.Bite your tongue
C.Eat your words　　D.Keep your nose clean答案????A　考查习语。句意:——今晚我将第一次扮演哈姆雷特。我很担心。——你会很棒的。祝你好运!break a leg 祝你好运(表示良好祝愿);bite your tongue 忍住不说;eat your words 收回前言,承认说错;keep your nose clean 循规蹈矩,遵纪守法。拓展提升练
1.(2019江苏南师附中、天一中学、海门中学、淮阴中学期初调研)If you really want to cooperate with me, you'll have to 　　???? and negotiate.
A.have too many irons in the fire
B.lay all your cards on the table
C.have butterflies in your stomach
D.put the cart before the horse答案????B　句意:如果你真的想跟我合作,你得开诚布公进行协商。本题考查情景交际。have too many irons in the fire同时做很多事情;lay all your cards on the table摊牌,开诚布公;have butterflies in your stomach忐忑不安;put the cart before the horse本末倒置。根据语境可知,如果真的想要合作,就得开诚布公进行协商,故选B项。2.(2019江苏南师附中、天一中学、海门中学、淮阴中学期初调研)—Do you want to watch the news or the late night film?
—　　????. It's up to you.
A.Never mind　　 B.There you are
C.No bother at all　　D.I'm easy答案????D　句意:——你想看新闻还是看晚场电影?——我随便。你决定。本题考查情景交际。never mind不要紧;There you are. 这就是你要的东西,就是这样;No bother at all.根本不麻烦;I'm easy. 我都行,相当于I'm easy (to please). 根据It's up to you.可知选D项。3.(2019江苏南通、泰州七市第一次调研)—What a mess! You're always throwing things about.
—Don't be 　　????, Mum. I will tidy it up now.
A.hot under the collar
B.on cloud nine
C.off the top of your head
D.down in the dumps答案????A　句意:——真是一团糟!你总是到处乱扔东西。——不要生气,妈妈。我马上整理好。本题考查英语习语在情景交际中的运用。hot under the collar 生气;on cloud nine 乐不可支;off the top of your head 信口地,不假思索地;down in the dumps沮丧。根据上句妈妈说的话可知,妈妈非常生气,故选A项。4.(2019江苏扬州一模)Raising a child can be 　　????, but it is well worth it.
A.over the moon 　　B.a piece of cake
C.on its last legs 　　D.a herculean task答案????D　句意:抚养孩子可能是一项艰巨的任务,但又是非常值得的。本题考查英语谚语在情景交际中的运用。over the moon欣喜若狂;a piece of cake 小菜一碟;on its last legs奄奄一息;a herculean task一项艰巨的任务。根据but可知,前后分句存在转折关系,故选D项。5.(2019江苏南京、盐城一模)I was telling a joke and Sam just interrupted me to tell a different one. He always　　????!
A.bites his tongue　　 B.saves his skin
C.steals my thunder　　D.pulls my leg 答案????C　句意:我在说笑话的时候,Sam打断我说了另一个笑话。他总是抢我风头!本题考查情景交际。bite one's tongue忍住不说;save one's skin使某人摆脱困境;steal one's thunder抢某人的风头;pull one's leg 开某人玩笑。根据语境可知选C项。6.(2019江苏南京、盐城一模)—I've heard a lot about you. You got promoted, right?　　????.
—Many thanks.
A.Good for you　　 B.You asked for it
C.There you are　　 D.You've gone too far 答案????A　句意:——我听说了很多关于你的事情。你得到了提拔,对吗?你真了不起。——谢谢。本题考查情景交际。good for you(称赞某人)真棒;you asked for it你自找的;there you are这就是你要的东西,就是这样;you've gone too far你太过分了。得知对方得到提拔,应该称赞对方,故选A项。7.(2019江苏南京、盐城二模)—Nowadays, buyers accustomed to prices mov-ing upward just adopt a wait-and-see attitude.
—If they continue to 　　????, then our company is closing down.
A.fish in the air
B.sit on the fence
C.fly off the handle
D.beat around the bush答案????B　句意:——现在,习惯价格上涨的买家采用了观望态度。——如果他们继续犹豫不决,我们公司将会倒闭。本题考查英语谚语在情景交际中的运用。fish in the air白费劲;sit on the fence观望,犹豫不决;fly off the handle 勃然大怒;beat around the bush转弯抹角地说。根据a wait-and-see attitude可知,他们是犹豫不决的,故选B项。8.(2019江苏苏州学业质量阳光指标调研)—The steak sounds good, but it's hard to resist the fried chicken.
—　　????. I'll have the sea food.
A.Can't agree more　　B.Easy does it
C.You don‘t say　　 D.Suit yourself答案????D　句意:——牛排听起来不错,但是很难抵抗炸鸡的诱惑。——随你的便。我吃海鲜。本题考查情景交际。Can't agree more非常同意;Easy does it别急,小心些,悠着点;You don't say不会吧,不至于吧,表示惊讶;Suit yourself随你的便,表示听凭对方的意愿。根据语境可知,第二个人决定吃海鲜,至于对方是吃牛排还是炸鸡他不管,由对方自己决定,故选D项。9.(2019江苏徐州第一次质检)—Hi, Bob! Thanks a lot for lending me the money!
—　　????! Oh, by the way the interest rate is 10%.
A.With regards 　　B.With pleasure
C.No sweat 　　 D.No way答案????C　句意:——嗨,Bob!非常感谢你借给我钱!——没关系!哦,顺便提醒一下利率是10%。本题考查情景交际。with regards致以问候;with pleasure很乐意(帮忙);no sweat没关系,举手之劳,回答感谢;no way没门儿。故选C项。
知识拓展　with pleasure 用于对还没做的事情进行回答,即有人请求你帮忙的时候,可以回答with pleasure。10.(2019江苏徐州第一次质检)—Wow! You look funny in that sweater.
—My grandmother gave it to me for Christmas. You know, 　　????.
A.each bird loves to hear himself sing
B.beauty is in the eye of the beholder
C.it is the thought that counts
D.the outsider sees the most of the game答案????C　句意:——哇!你穿那件毛衣看起来很滑稽。——这是我奶奶送给我的圣诞礼物。你知道,礼轻情意重,重要的是心意。本题考查英语习语在情景交际中的运用。Each bird loves to hear himself sing孤芳自赏;Beauty is in the eye of the beholder情人眼里出西施;It is the thought that counts重要的是心意;The outsider sees the most of the game 旁观者清。这是奶奶的礼物,因此尽管穿着滑稽,奶奶的这份心意值得珍惜,故选C项。11.(2018江苏,28)—You know what? I've got a New Year concert ticket.
—Oh,　　????You're kidding.
A.so what?　　B.go ahead.
C.come on.　　D.what for?答案????C　句意:——你知道吗?我得到了一张新年音乐会的门票。——哦,算了吧。你在开玩笑。考查情景交际。come on在此处意为“算了吧;得了吧”。So what?那又怎样?Go ahead.可以。What for?为什么?12.(2018江苏苏州学业质量阳光指标调研)—It's very important for us to clarify
the ownership of the house.
—　　????. There won't be any problem with the ownership. It's the price that bothers us.
A.I can't agree more
B.You can say that again
C.I beg to differ
D.I appreciate that答案????C????句意:——明确这所房子的所有权对我们来说很重要。——恕我不敢苟同。所有权不会有什么问题。让我们困扰的是价格。本题考查情景交际。I can't agree more.我非常同意,同意某人观点时的用语;You can say that again.的确如此,同意某人观点时的用语;I beg to differ.恕我不能苟同,不同意别人观点时的用语;I appreciate that.我很欣赏。根据语境可知,第二个人并不同意第一个人的说法,故选C项。13.(2018南京师范大学附属中学高三5月模拟考试)—Mr Johnson, I have something I would like to trouble you with.
—　　????. Just tell me what I can do.
A.You have my word
B.Don't give me that
C.You can say that again
D.Don't stand on ceremony答案????D　考查情景交际。句意:——Johnson先生,我有件事要麻烦你。——别客气,尽管告诉我我能做什么吧。You have my word我保证;Don't give me that少来这套;You can say that again你说得对;Don't stand on ceremony别客气。14.(2018徐州市高三年级考前模拟检测)—Three days off! Take me to Disneyand, Mum!
—Forget it! Just 　　???? and review for the coming exam.
A.make hay while the sun shines
B.look before you leap
C.put the cart before the horse
D.let the cat out of the bag答案????A　考查谚语。句意:——放三天假!妈妈,带我去迪士尼。——休想!你要抓紧时机,为即将到来的考试复习。make hay while the sun shines抓紧时机;look before you leap三思而后行;put the cart before the horse本末倒置;let the cat out of the bag(无意中)泄露秘密。