Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world? SectionB 知识点讲解+巩固练习（含解析）

Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world?
课时2 Section B 1a-3b
1. This elephant weighs many times more than this panda. 这只大象比这只大熊猫重很多倍。
（1）weigh既可作及物动词，表＂称重＂，也可作连系动词，表＂有……重；重＂。
I weighed the box. It weighs 20 kg. 我称了这个盒子，它重20公斤。
She is afraid of becoming fat. She weighs herself every day. 她怕发胖。每天都称体重。
【知识拓展】　
其名词形式为weight。常用短语：in weight在体重方面。
The boy weighs 20 kg.
＝The boy is 20 kg in weight.
这个男孩重20公斤。
He ____________（weight）only 70 kilos now after taking a balanced diet.
【答案】weighs
（2）time在此意为＂倍数，次数＂，表示三倍或三倍以上时使用。表示 ＂A 比B长（宽、高、大、重等）N倍＂时，其结构为＂A＋be＋基数词（N＋1）＋times＋形容词比较级＋than＋B ＂。
This hall is five times bigger than our classroom. 这个大厅比我们的教室大四倍。
I have been to Beijing three times. 我去过北京三次了。
【注意】＂两倍＂可用twice表示。
【知识拓展】　
表示＂A 的长度（宽度，高度，大小，重量等）是 B 的 n倍＂，可用 ＂A ＋ be ＋ 基数词（N）＋times ＋ as ＋ 形容词原级 ＋ as ＋ B＂结构。
This tree is three times as tall as that one. 这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。
His father is twice as old as he. 他父亲的年纪有他两倍大。
—I hear you’ve bought a new house.
—Yes, it costs too much. Anyway, it’s ___________ my old one.
A. twice as big as B. as twice big as
C. bigger two times than D. two times bigger as
【答案】A
2. A panda can live up to 20 to 30 years. 大熊猫能活20至30岁。
up to到达(某数量、程度等)；至多有；不多于。live up to指＂活到……岁＂。
There are up to seventy students in the classroom. 教室里学生不多于七十人。
The old man can live up to ninety years. 这位老人能活到九十岁。
Do you know his date of birth? 你知道他的出生日期吗？
【知识拓展】　
up to的其他含义：
（1）up to 直到；到……为止
Up to now everything has been successful. 到目前为止，一切都很顺利。
（2）up to sb. 某人的责任；由……决定
I think I will leave it up to you. 我想让你决定。
It’s ___________ Mr Zhang ___________ teach us English.
A. up to；to B. up to；for
C. up for；to D. up for；for
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词不定式及固定短语的用法。句意：教我们英语要由张老师来决定。根据句意＂由……决定＂应是（be）up to；it在句中作的是形式主语，代替后面的不定式，故选A。
3. At birth, a baby panda is about 0.1 to 0.2 kilos. 出生时，一只大熊猫宝宝大约0.1到0.2千克重。
birth n. 出生;诞生。常见搭配：
at birth出生时
date of birth出生日期
give birth to生孩子
What’s your date of birth?你是哪天出生的?
【易混辨析】　born/birth
(1) born是bear的过去分词,意为“出生”,常用结构:sb.was/were born。
I was born in summer in 1988.
我出生于1988年的夏天。
(2) birth是名词,意为“出生,诞生,分娩”,反义词是death,意为“死,死亡”。
She gave birth to a girl last night.
她昨晚生了一个女孩。
4. Panda keepers are preparing milk for the baby pandas’ breakfast. 大熊猫饲养员正在准备大熊猫宝宝的早餐牛奶。
prepare sth. for sb./sth. 给……准备……。
She prepared a nice breakfast for us. 她给我们准备了可口的早餐。
【知识拓展】　
(1) prepare sb. for sth. 使某人对某事有所准备
She said so because she wanted to prepare her father for the bad news.
她这样说是因为她想让爸爸对那个坏消息有所准备。
(2) prepare to do sth. 准备做……
They were preparing to cross the river when it began to rain. 他们正准备过河，这时下雨了。
(3) prepare sb. to do sth. 使某人准备做某事
Father is preparing my little brother to go to school. 父亲正使我的小弟弟为上学做准备。
(4) be prepared for sth. 为……做好了准备，强调状态。
They were prepared for the worst. 他们已准备好了应付最坏的情况。
(5) prepare for意为＂为……做准备＂，for后面的宾语是准备的对象。
The students are busy preparing for the final exam. 学生们正在忙着准备期末考试。
—Can you go to the beach with me?
—I’d love to. But I have to _______________ tomorrow’s exam.
A. look for B. ask for C. prepare for
【答案】C
5. …they find that most of the babies are already awake and hungry. ……他们发现大多数的大熊猫宝宝已经醒来并且饿了。
awake此处用作形容词，意为“醒着的”，它在句中常作表语。反义词是asleep。
Is he awake or asleep？他是醒着还是睡着了？
注意：awake不用于名词前作定语。
【易混辨析】awake与wake
awake形容词，意为“醒着”，常用作表语
wake动词，意为“弄醒；醒”，常与副词up连用
It’s eleven at night. He is still awake. 夜里十一点了，他还没有睡。
Please wake me up at six in the morning. 请早上六点叫醒我。
After working all night， Kate couldn’t stay____________the next morning.（wake）
【答案】awake
6. …, they run over to them with excitement and some of the young pandas even walk into their friends and fall over! ……它们兴奋地跑向他们，其中一些年幼的大熊猫甚至撞上自己的伙伴而跌倒。
（1）excitement n. 激动；兴奋。
The excitement of the games has made them tired. 做游戏的兴奋使他们很疲劳。
【易混辨析】excite、exciting、excited、excitement
excite
动词，意为＂使兴奋，使激动＂。
The news excited everybody. 消息鼓舞了每个人。
exciting
意为＂令人兴奋的＂，主语一般是物，在句中作表语或定语
The news is so exciting that we can’t go to sleep. 这个消息让我们兴奋得无法入睡。
excited
形容词，意为＂兴奋的＂，多指人受到事物的影响，主语一般是人，在句中作表语。be excited about表示＂对……感到激动＂。
We are very excited to hear of your success. 听到你们的成功，我们非常兴奋。
excitement
名词，意为＂激动，兴奋＂。 to one’s excitement意为＂使某人兴奋的是＂。
To my excitement, our team won. 让我兴奋的是，我们队赢了。
How ______________ it is to watch the new film!
A. excitement B. excited
C. exciting D. excitedly
【答案】C
（2）fall over表示＂绊倒，摔倒＂。
She hit him so hard that she fell over. 她重重地撞击他，结果自己摔倒了。
【易混辨析】fall down、fall off、fall over
fall down
强调的是＂向前摔倒、跌倒＂，后面不接宾语。
The boy hit the tree so hard that he fell down. 男孩重重地撞在树上，结果自己倒下了。
fall off
强调的是＂滑倒、倒下＂，后面接宾语时应加上介词from。
The girl is falling off the bike.
（＝ The girl is falling down from the bike.）女孩正从自行车上摔下来。
fall over
强调的是＂跌落、从……掉下来＂，后面不接宾语。
I saw the little girl fall over. 我看到这个小女孩跌倒了。
There is too much snow on the ground. If you walk too fast, you will ______________.
A. fall over B. fall off
C. fall down D. fall out
【答案】A
7. I wash, feed and play with them every day. 我每天给它们清洗、喂食，陪它们玩耍。
（1）feed (fed，fed)作及物动词，意为＂喂养，饲养＂，强调动作。
She was feeding the baby with porridge. 她正给宝宝喂粥。
【知识拓展】　
feed sb./sth.喂养某人或某种动物。feed... to... 把……喂给……；feed... on/with... 用……来喂养……；feed on... 以……为食。
Could you please feed my cat? 你可以帮我喂一下猫吗？
Mother is feeding milk to her baby. 母亲正在给宝宝喂奶。
He feeds the ducks on grains of rice. 他用稻谷粒饲养鸭子。
Horses feed on grass. 马吃草(马以草为食)。
Sheep feed chiefly on grass. 绵羊主要以草为食。
Mr. Green is rich. He ______________ his dog ______________ meat.
A. feed；on B. feeds；on C. give；to
【答案】B
【解析】句意：Mr green是富有的。他用肉喂他的狗。feed sb on sth以……为食，前句是一般现在时，后句也要用相应的时态。故选B。
（2）play表示＂玩＂，play with sb./sth. 和某人/物一起玩。
Don’t play with fire. 不要玩火。
8. Scientists say there are now fewer than 2,000 pandas living in the forests.科学家说现在有不到2000只大熊
猫生活在森林里。
句中living in the forests是一个现在分词短语，修饰前面的名词pandas, 作其后置定语，与其修饰的词pandas是逻辑上的主谓关系。
There is a truck collecting the rubbish over there.在那边有一辆卡车正在收垃圾。
There are some people picking apples on the farm.在农场上有一些人正在摘苹果。
The old professor has a large collection of ancient vases 　　　　?back to the Ming dynasty.
A. dated B. to date
C. dating D. being dated
【答案】C
9. The babies often die from illnesses and do not live very long. 大熊猫宝宝经常死于疾病，或者活不了多久。
（1）die动词，意为＂死＂，过去式为died，现在分词为dying。die from表示＂死于(创伤、劳累、忧愁等外部原因)＂。die of 表示＂死于……病＂或死于饥饿或过度悲伤等自身原因，但是在表示疾病的名词前用die from或die of都可以。
She died from/of cancer. 她死于癌症。
The old man died from an accident. 这个老人死于一起事故。
His father died of starvation in Germany. 他的父亲饿死在德国。
—Some of the animals ______________ the pollution.
—Right. The government will find ways to solve the problem.
A. die to B. die in
C. die of D. die from
【答案】D
（2）illness n.(名词) 疾病。
He had several illnesses, including heart disease. 他患有多种疾病，其中包括心脏病。
【易混辨析】ill、illness、sick、disease
ill
作＂生病的＂讲时只作表语，不作定语，比较级为worse。
She can’t go to school because she is ill. 她不能上学了，因为她病了。
illness
是ill的名词形式，意为＂病，疾病＂。
She can’t go to school because of her illness. 她不能上学了，因为她病了。
sick
作＂生病的＂讲时，既可作表语(此时相当于ill)，也可作定语；sick作表语时还表示＂恶心的，要引起呕吐的＂之意。
Please take good care of the sick boy. 请照顾好这个生病的男孩。
When she got up, she felt a little sick and took some medicine. 她起来时感到有点恶心，于是吃了些药。
disease[
n. 病；疾病。为各种疾病的术语；常表示特定的、具体的病名、病类。
Smoking can increase the risk of developing heart disease. 吸烟会增加得心脏病的危险。
He needs our help because he is a ______________ man now.
A. sick B. ill
C. illness D. healthy
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词辨析。sick 本身可以作定语，也可以作表语，ill只能作表语。句意：因为他是病人，他需要我们的帮助。故选A。
10. Some kinds of whales are in danger. 一些种类的鲸处于危险之中。
in (great) danger处于(极度)危险之中，是主语本身处于危险之中，处于危险状况/危险处境，其反义词组为out of danger＂脱离危险＂。
Our country is in great danger; we must mobilize the army. 我们国家处在极度危险中，我们必须动员军队。
The old man is in danger. 这位老人处于危险中。
【知识拓展】　
danger(s) of 表示＂……的危险、危害＂，of 后接名词、代词或动名词形式。
Do you know the dangers of smoking? 你知道吸烟的危害吗？　
11. huge adj. 巨大的；极多的。
There is a huge building near the river. 河边有幢大楼。
【易混辨析】huge、great、big
huge
指实物时，强调尺寸或容量的庞大，指抽象事物时有＂重大的，极大的＂意思。
We’ll have to use leverage to move this huge rock. 我们不得不借助杠杆之力来移动这块巨石。
great
常用来修饰抽象名词，含有一定的感彩，表示＂巨大，伟大，突出＂的意思。
She has made great progress. 她取得了巨大的进步。
China is a great country. 中国是一个伟大的国家。
big
指具体事物的大小，是普通用词，与small相对。
Can you lift up this big stone? 你能举起这块大石头吗？
I have a ______________ mouth.
A. big B. wide
C. huge D. large
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词的用法。句意：我有一张大嘴。A. big大的；B. wide宽的；C. huge 大的；D. large大的。形容词嘴大应该用wide，故选B。
基础训练
I. 单词拼写
1. Many years ago, a large number of babies died from i______________ because of the poor medical condition.
2. Mr Smith is a panda k______________. He takes care of the pandas carefully.
3. The baby is a______________ at 8∶00 in the morning.
4. The government has made rules on whale p______________ to protect the whales so far.
5. Mrs Lin w______________ herself twice a day to see if she has put on weight.
6. Most children dream of growing up soon and becoming ______________（成年人）.
7. There are some differences between a tiger in the zoo and a______________（野生的）tiger.
8. Our ____________ (政府) works for the people.
9. Many doctors continue to________(研究) the cause of Ebola virus(埃博拉病毒)．
10. It was the________(出生)of his grandchildren that gave him the greatest pleasure.
II. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1.He jumped with ______________ (excite) after hearing the good news.
2. Please don't tell him about his ________ (ill)．It's a secret.
3. He sees a zoo________(keep)standing next to an elephant.
4.The elephant ______________ (weigh) about 5,000 kilos and its weight is much heavier than a cow.
5.The elephant eats 150 ______________ (kilo) of food a day.
6. Lingling gets to school ______________ (early)than the others.
7. This picture is ______________ (beautiful) of the four.
8. Lucy did ______________ (bad) than Lily.
9. The government made a law about the _____________(protect) of the endangered plants.
10. We should plant more bamboo trees for pandas ______________ (live)in.
III. 根据汉语意思完成句子
1. 一只狗大约能活15年。
A dog can ______________ ______________ ______________ about 15 years.
2. 这头大象比这只熊猫重很多倍。
This elephant weighs ______________ ______________ ______________ than this panda.
3. 我们应该知道关于挽救这些大熊猫的重要性。
We should know about ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ these pandas.
4. 出生时，这个婴儿不足3千克。
At ______________, the baby is ______________ ______________ three kilos.
5. 成年大熊猫一天花多于12个小时吃大约10千克竹子。
Adult pandas ______________ more than 12 hours a day ______________ about 10 kilos of bamboo.
6. 这些动物处于危险之中。
The animals are ______________ ______________.
7. 成年熊猫比小猫吃得多多了。
An adult panda can eat ______________ ______________ than a cat.
8. 中国政府正在帮助挽救熊猫。
The Chinese ______________ is helping ______________ ______________ the pandas.
9. 一些熊猫宝宝因为疾病而活很短的时间。
Some panda babies live for a short time ______________ ______________ ______________.
10. 很多年以前人类开始砍伐竹林。
Many years ago, humans started ______________ ______________ ______________ bamboo forests.?
Ⅳ. 单项选择
1. With the quality of life improved, so many people can live ______________ 100 years old.
A.to up 　　 B. up to　　
C.in to　　 D. on to
2. Mrs Green lost her footing and ______________ just now.
A. fell over B. fell ill
C. fell through D. fell into
3. —I haven't seen Lucy for days.What's she doing recently?
—She is ________ her English test next week.
A. prepare at B. preparing for C. prepared for
4. There were many young children ________ in the factories in the past.
A. work B. working C. to work
5. —Some of the animals ________ the pollution.
—Right. The government will find ways to solve the problem.
A. die to B. die in C. die from
6. ________ he practices，________ he does.
A. Much; better B. The much; the better C. The more; the better
7. Mike's room is ________ than mine.
A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger
8. You are not a child but ________ adult now.
A. a B. an C. the
9. Doctors are doing _____ to find out what will happen when people stop smoking.
A. exercise B. housework
C. research D. training
10. Now there are many tigers ______in the forests because of protection.
A. to live B. living
C. live D. lived
V. 按要求完成句子
1. The little girl went to school. She was excited.(合并成一句)
The little girl went to school ______________ ______________.
2. Pandas usually have only one baby every two years.(对画线部分提问)
______________ ______________ babies ______________ pandas usually have every two years?
3. John didn’t go to school because he was ill.(改为简单句)
John didn’t go to school ______________ ______________ his ______________.
4. Mary can take care of her sister.(改为同义句)
Mary can ______________ ______________ her sister.
5. The elephant weighs 1, 050 kilos. The panda weighs 50 kilos.(用倍数表达法改写句子)
The elephant is______________ ______________ ______________ than the panda.
能力提升
I. 完形填空
Have you ever offered a helping hand to those who are in trouble?
One day, two __ 1 __ were walking along the road to school when they saw an old woman carrying a large basket of pears. They thought the woman looked very __ 2 __. They went up to her and said, “Are you going to town? If you are, we will help carry your basket.”
“Thank you,” __ 3 __ the woman. “You are very kind. You see I’m weak and ill.” Then she told them that she was now going to market to __ 4 __ the pears which grew on the only tree in her little garden.
“We are all going to the __ 5 __,” said the boys. “Let us carry the basket.” And they took hold of it, one each side. They walked __ 6 __ with the heavy basket, but happily.
The other day, I saw a little girl stop and __ 7 __ a piece of banana peel(皮), which she threw into the dustbin (垃圾桶). “I wish __ 8 __ would throw that on the sidewalk,” said she. “Someone may step on it and fall.”
Perhaps some may say that these are not __ 9 __ things. That is right. But such a little thing shows that you have a thoughtful mind and a kind heart. We must not wait for the __ 10 __ to do great things. We must begin with little things of love.
1．A．boys B．girls C．men D．women
2．A．bored B．tired C．pleased D．surprised
3．A．asked B．told C．replied D．spoke
4．A．bring B．buy C．take D．sell
5．A．town B．hotel C．garden D．school
6．A．weakly B．quickly C．slowly D．quietly
7．A．take out B．cut off C．put down D．pick up
8．A．nobody B．everybody C．somebody D．anybody
9．A．little B．good C．great D．bad
10．A．pay B．time C．advice D．love
II. 阅读理解
Ladies and gentlemen, I returned to this year in a time machine. In the year 2500, we are able to travel through time to any year in history. This year is your last chance to change your lifestyle to save the Earth.
Beginning in the middle of the 20th century, a few people were worried about the polluted water and air on the Earth, but most people did not change their way of life. Instead, they continued to pour dangerous chemicals(化学品）and other waste into lakes and seas, to drive more and more cars and trucks, and to cut down trees.
By the year 2200, the water on the Earth was completely polluted. People could no longer drink the water, and they had to use other types of liquids. Scientists said that in the future there might be too many people on the Earth. But not enough was done. So, by the year 2300, there were so many people that food became scarce. There was no water to grow food and all fish in the lakes and seas died because of pollution. Terrible wars broke out between the rich and the poor. Scientists were working very hard to find another planet in space where humans could live.
By the year 2400, the air was too polluted for humans to breathe. So we had to leave the Earth. But only the rich were able to leave. Where did we go? Nowhere. And everywhere. You see scientists did not find another safe planet, so now we must travel around the universe (宇宙) in our spaceships. We are still looking for a place to call our home. So, it is up to you to change history. There is still hope. You must change your lifestyle now, before it is too late.
1. Which problem is not talked about in Paragraph 2?
A. Water. B. Air. C. Lifestyle. D. Food.
2. What’s the meaning of ＂scarce＂ in Passage 3?
A. 昂贵的 B. 充足的 C. 缺乏的 D. 特殊的
3. Who could leave the Earth by the year 2400?
A. The rich. B. The poor. C. Scientists. D. All the people.
4. Which of the following is true?
A. Only a few people changed their lifestyle in the 20th century.
B. There wasn’t enough water for people to drink by the year 2200.
C. All the animals died because of pollution by the year 2300.
D. We found a new home in another planet by the year 2400.
5. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. Stop polluting B. Change or leave
C. Look for a new home D. Return to the Earth
III. 任务型阅读
Once upon a time, in the forest there lived a baby elephant who had no friends. None of the animals wanted to be his friend because he was too large.
One day, a wild fire happened in the forest. The animals ran to safer places. The dry trees caught fire and the fire was sure to go all around the forest. The baby elephant ran to the nearest river, collected much water in his trunk（象鼻） and rushed to the burning trees. He sprayed（喷） the water on the fire. Finally, he put out the fire.
Later, while he was resting after the hard job, all the animals came to him and expressed their thanks for his kind help in time. They were now ready to regard him as their good friend and their hero. They said, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.”
The baby elephant was happy to get so many friends and played games with them. He walked through the forest, carrying several small animals on his back.
1. Why did the baby elephant have no friends at first?
_________________________________________________
2. Where did the wild fire happen?
_________________________________________________
3. Who put out the fire in the end?
_________________________________________________
4. What was the baby elephant doing after the hard work?
_________________________________________________
5. Was the baby elephant happy to get so many friends?
___________________________________________________
IV. 补全对话
根据对话内容，从方框中选择恰当的选项补全对话。
A: I just finished a really interesting interview (采访), Bob.
B: 1
A: Anna Wild. She works at a zoo and knows a lot about animals.
B: I like animals, too. My favorite is the cheetah (猎豹). It can run 121 kilometers an hour.
A: That’s fast. 2
B: Really? What is it?
A: A kind of falcon (猎鹰). 3
B: I see. I know koalas sleep the most. 4
A: The shark. It never really sleeps! Elephants don’t sleep much, either.
B: 5
A: About four hours.
A．How many hours do elephants sleep a night?
B．It can fly as fast as 300 kilometers an hour!
C．Tell me another interesting animal fact.
D．But another animal can move even faster.
E. Who did you interview?
F. What is your favorite animal?
G. But which animal sleeps the least?

能力提升
（2019·黑龙江黑河、齐齐哈尔、大兴安岭）When the monkeys see the keepers, they run over with ______________.
A. excited B. exciting C. excitement
参考答案
基础
I. 单词拼写
1.illnesses 2.keeper　 3.awake 4. protection　 5.weighs　
6.adults 7.wild 8. government　 9.research　 10.birth
II. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1. excitement 2. illnesses 3. keeper 4. weighs 5. kilos
6. earlier 7. the most beautiful 8. worse 9. protection 10. to live
III. 根据汉语意思完成句子
1. live up to 2. many times more 3. the importance of saving 4. birth；less than
5. spend；eating 6. in danger 7. much more 8. government；to save
9. because of illnesses 10. to cut down
Ⅳ. 单项选择
4. B 【解析】句意：在过去有很多年轻的孩子们工作在工厂里。此处作定语修饰children，表示主动，故用现在分词working，故选B。
5. C 【解析】句意：——有些动物死于污染。——对。政府将找到解决那个问题的方法。die to感觉不到……； die in在……死去；die from死于；从此表示动物死于污染，故用die from。故选C。
6. C【解析】句意：他练习得越多，他做得越好。the+比较级，the +比较级“越……越……”，故选C。
7. C【解析】句意：迈克的房间比我的大三倍。表示介词than可知此处用比较级，故选C。
8. B【解析】句意：现在你不是一个孩子，而是一个成年人。adult是元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an修饰， 故选B。
9. C【解析】句意：医生们正在研究，看看人们戒烟后会发生什么。考查名词辨析题。A. exercise练习；B. housework家务；C. research调查研究；D. training训练。do research做学问，做研究；根据句意结构， 可知ABD三个选项意思都与句意不合，故选C。
10. B【解析】句意：现在因为保护有很多老虎生活在森林里。to live 生活，居住，是动词不定式；living现 在分词形式；live动词原形；lived过去分词形式。这里考查的是非谓语动词在句中作定语，修饰名词 tigers，和tigers构成主动关系，故排除过去分词，而且根据句意，这些老虎现在正生活在森林里，表 示一个正在发生的动作，故应用现在分词形式，选B。
V. 按要求完成句子
1.with excitement 2. How many；do 3. because of；illness　 4.look after
5. 21 times heavier
能力
I. 完形填空
【语篇解读】这篇短文通过两个男孩在路上帮助一名妇女扛梨及女孩捡起地上的香蕉皮的故事告诉我们帮助别人可以从小事做起。
1．A 【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。句意：两个男孩正沿着路走向学校。A. boys男孩， B. girls女孩， C. men男人， D. women女人。根据“We are all going to the ___ ,” said the boys.可知故选A。
3．C 【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。句意：妇人回答道。A. asked问，B. told告诉，C. replied回答， D. spoke发言。根据“You are very kind. You see I’m weak and ill.”和上下文可知故选C。
4．D 【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。句意：她要去集市卖梨。A. bring带来，B. buy买，C. take拿走， D. sell卖出。根据上下文和语境可知故选D。
5．A 【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。句意：我们都要去镇上。A. town城镇，B. hotel旅馆，C. garden花园，D. school学校。据上下文和语境故选A。
6．C 【解析】考查副词及语境的理解。句意：抬着沉重的篮子他们走得很慢，但开心。A. weakly虚弱地， B. quickly快地，C. slowly慢地，D. quietly安静地。据with the heavy basket和语境故选C。
7．D 【解析】考查动词短语及语境的理解。句意：我看到一个小女孩停下来捡起一片香蕉皮。A. take out拿出，B. cut off 切掉， C. put down放下，D. pick up捡起。根据which she threw into the dustbin (垃圾桶).和上下文可知故选D。
8．A 【解析】考查代词及语境的理解。句意：我希望没有人会扔那个在人行道上。A. nobody没有人，B. everybody每个人，C. somebody某个人，D. anybody任何人。根据上下文和语境故选A。
9．C 【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：这些不是大事。A. little小的， B. good好的，C. great重大的，D. bad坏的。根据But such a little thing shows that you have a thoughtful mind and a kind heart.可知，故选C。
10．B 【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。A. pay花费，B. time时间，C. advice 建议， D. love爱。根据上下文可知，该句句意：我们一定不要等着做大事的时间。故正确答案为B。
II. 阅读理解
【文章大意】由于人们错误的生活方式，他们没有意识到环境污染的严重性，从而导致现在地球上的污染日益严重。如果人们再不改变生活方式，在未来地球也许将不会适合人类居住。
1. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第二段中的worried about the polluted water and air以及most people did not change their way of life可知，这一段中提到了污染的水和空气，也提到了人们的生活方式，没有提到食物，故选D。
3. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据短文最后一段中的By the year 2400, the air was too polluted for humans to breathe. So we had to leave the Earth. But only the rich were able to leave.可知，到2400年，空气污染很严重，我们会无法呼吸，所以不得不离开地球，但是只有富人能够离开。由此可知应选A。
4. A 【解析】推理判断题。根据短文第二段中的Beginning in the middle of the 20th century, a few people were worried about the polluted water and air on the Earth, but most people did not change their way of life可知，在20世纪中期，大多数人都没有改变生活方式，由此可知A选项符合文意。根据By the year 2200, the water on the Earth was completely polluted. People could no longer drink the water, and they had to use other types of liquids可知B不对；C选项文中没有提到；根据You see scientists did not find another safe planet可知D不对。
5. B 【解析】主旨大意题。这篇短文讲述了现在地球上的污染非常严重，这主要是由于人们的生活方式不正确导致的，如果人们再不改变，到2400年，地球将不再适合人类居住，人类只有离开地球。故B选项的Change or Leave，改变还是离开，最具有概括性，并能提炼出文章的主题，是适合做题目的。
III. 任务型阅读
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一头小象因为个头太大而没有朋友。一天森林着火了，小象用它的长鼻子吸水扑灭了火，拯救了森林和动物。所有的动物都视小象为好朋友和英雄。文章告诉我们：患难见真情。
1. Because he was too large.
【解析】考查细节理解题。根据no friends可定位至第一段第一句；再由后一句“None of the animals wanted to be his friend because he was too large.”可知原因是小象个头太大，故填Because he was too large。
2. In the forest.
【解析】由wild fire可定位至第二段第一句“One day, a wild fire happened in the forest.”，可知野火发生在森林里。故填In the forest.。
4. He was resting.
【解析】考查细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Later, while he was resting after the hard job, all the animals came to him and expressed their thanks for his kind help in time.”可知他在休息。故填He was resting.。
5. Yes, he was.
【解析】考查细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“The baby elephant was happy to get so many friends and played games with them. ”，可知填Yes, he was.。
IV. 补全对话
【语篇解读】本文由A关于动物的一次采访开始展开对话，B谈了自己了解的速度最快和睡觉最多和最少的动物。
1．E 【解析】根据下面的回答，可知上面问的是“谁”，备选句子中，只有Who did you interview?问的是“人”，故选E。
2．D 【解析】根据A的话That’s fast.，结合B的惊讶语气和问题Really? What is it?，可知A提到了一种速度更快的动物。But another animal can move even faster.最合题意，故选D。
3．B 【解析】根据A的回答A kind of falcon.，结合上文的陈述But another animal can move even faster.，可知It can fly as fast as 300 kilometers an hour!是合乎题意的补充，故选B。
4．G 【解析】根据下文A的答语The shark.鲨鱼，结合其补充It never really sleeps! Elephants don’t sleep much, either.可知B问他哪种动物睡得最少？故选G。
5．A 【解析】根据About four hours.，结合A的回答，可知B说的是数量，需用how many来提问；根据句意结构，可知选A。
真题
C 【解析】句意：当猴子们看到了饲养员，他们兴奋地跑了过去。A. excited令人激动的，修饰人或者主语是人；B. exciting激动的，令人兴奋的，形容词，修饰事物或主语为事物；C. excitement激动，兴奋，名词形式。此处作介词with的宾语要用名词形式，故选C。