Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world? Grammar 知识点讲解+巩固练习（含解析）

Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world?
课时3 Grammar
（一）基数词
基数词[
(1)1—10 one, two, three, ... ten[来
(2)11—20 eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, ... twenty
(3) 21—99 twenty-one, ... ninety-nine
(4) 百位数 101——one hundred and one 注意百位与十位间加and
(5) 千位数以上 从数字的右端往左数，每三位数加一个逗号＂，＂，从右开始第一个前面的数字加thousand，第二个逗号前的数字加million，第三个逗号前的数字加billion，然后一节一节分别表示。
2,648——two thousand six hundred and forty-eight
16, 250,164——sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand one hundred and sixty-four
5,237,166,234——five billion two hundred and thirty-seven million one hundred and sixty-six thousand and two hundred and thirty-four
表示＂数以百计＂用hundreds of；＂成千上万＂用thousands of；＂数百万＂用millions of；＂数十亿＂用billions of，且它们前面不可加任何具体的数词。也就是说当hundred，thousand，million，billion前有具体的数词时，其后不能加-s；但当hundred，thousand，million，billion与of连用时，则用其复数形式，表示不确定的数目，其前不能有具体的数词。
There are hundreds of foreign students in their school. 他们学校有数百名外国学生。
Six hundred books were sent to the children. 六百本书被邮寄给了孩子们。
巧记hundred，thousand，million的用法：
模糊数目两有（有s，有of），具体数目两无（无s，无of）。
（二）形容词、副词的比较等级
1. 形容词和副词的比较级与最高级的变化规则
（1）规则变化
情况
规则
例词
一般情况
直接加-es / -est
tall→taller→tallest
以不发音的字母e结尾的词
加-r / -st
nice→nicer→nicest
以＂辅音字母+y＂结尾的词
变y为i，再加-er / -est
dry→drier→driest
heavy→heavier→heaviest
以一个辅音字母结尾的词
先双写辅音字母，再加-er / -est
thin→thinner→thinnest
多音节和部分双音节单词
在词前加more / most
delicious→more delicious→most delicious
（2）不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good, well
better
best
bad, ill
worse
worst
many, much
more
most
little
less
least
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
2. 形容词/副词原级的用法
（1）用于＂as...as...＂结构中，否定形式为not as/so...as...。
This picture is not so good as that one. 这幅画不如那幅好。
Li Hua’s shoes are as ________ as Zhang Hui’s.
A. cheap B. cheaper C. the cheapest
（2）表示＂A是B的……倍＂时，用A＋谓语动词＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as B。
Our school is twice as large as theirs. 我们学校是他们学校的两倍大。
（3）修饰形容词原级的词：very， too， so，enough等。
The girl is so beautiful. 这个女孩是如此的漂亮。
3. 形容词/副词比较级的用法
（1）A＋谓语动词＋比较级＋than B... A比B……
My bike is more beautiful than hers. 我的自行车比她的好看。
Peter is 15 years old. He is _________ than his father.
A. tall　　　　 B. taller
C. tallest D. the tallest
【答案】B
【解析】本题用寻找题眼法。由句中的than可知本空应用形容词的比较级形式。
（2）Which/Who＋谓语动词＋比较级，A or B?
Who runs faster, Jim or Tom? 谁跑得更快，吉姆还是汤姆？
—Which season do you like__________ in Panzhihua, the dry season or rainy season?
—The rainy season.
A. well　 B. better　 C. best D. the best
【答案】B
（3）表示＂越来越……＂时用比较级的重叠结构，即＂比较级＋and＋比较级＂，多音节词和部分双音节词用＂more and more＋原级＂。
It’s becoming colder and colder. 天气变得越来越冷了。
The problem is becoming more and more serious. 问题变得越来越严重了。
—Roy never likes junk food.
—Neither do I. That’s probably why I’m becoming _______now.
A. healthy and weak B. healthier and healthier
C. weaker and weaker D. more and more healthily
【答案】B
（4）表示＂越……就越……＂时用＂the＋比较级，the＋比较级＂。
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make. 你越细心，犯的错就会越少。
The earlier kids learn to be independent, the __________ it is for their future.
A. good　 　 B. well　
C. better　　 D. best
【答案】C
【解析】本题用固定句式法。句意：孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。固定句式the＋比较级...， the＋比较级...表示＂越……，就越……＂。
（5）表示＂两者之间比较……的一个＂时常用＂the＋比较级＋of the two＂。
He is the thinner of the two. 他是两个中较瘦的那一个。
Of the two shirts, I’d like to choose the __________ one to save some money for a cap.
A. cheapest　　　 　 B. cheaper
C. more expensive D. most expensive
【答案】B
【解析】根据句中＂Of the two shirts＂可知本句是两者之间的比较，应用比较级。句意＂两件衬衫中，我想要选较便宜的那件，省下来的钱买一顶帽子。＂
（6）修饰比较级的词和短语有a little，a bit，a lot，much，far，even等。
You are a little thinner than Jim. 你比吉姆瘦点儿。
The box was _______ than I had expected. I was out of breath when I got home.
A. more heavier　　　 B. much heavier
C. little heavier D. very heavier
【答案】B
4. 形容词/副词最高级用法
（1）三者或三者以上比较用最高级，形容词最高级前加the，副词可不加。句末常跟in/of短语表示范围。
Tom is the cleverest in his class. 汤姆是他班里最聪明的。
He runs fastest in the class. 在这个班里他跑得最快。
—Lily has two sisters, doesn’t she?
—Yes. She’s taller and older than her two sisters, but she’s not _________one of the three.
A. the tallest　　　 　 B. youngest
C. shortest D. the cleverest
【答案】D
【解析】本题用寻找题眼法。由句中of the three可知本空应用形容词的最高级形式。形容词的最高级形式通常在前面加the，首先可排除B、C两项；由＂她比她的两个姐妹高且年长＂可知她是三个人当中最高的，又可排除A项，故选D。
（2）Which/Who＋谓语动词＋the＋形容词/副词最高级，A，B or C?
Who is the tallest, Tom, Kate or Bill? 谁是最高的，汤姆、凯特还是比尔？
—Which city is _________________ beautiful, Hangzhou, Beijing or Shanghai?
—Hangzhou, I think.
A. the most B. the better C. more
【答案】A
【解析】本题用语法判定法。由问句可知是在三个城市之间比较，知要用最高级形式。故选A。
（3）表示＂最……的……之一＂时用one of＋the＋形容词最高级＋复数名词。
Miss Xu is one of the most popular teachers in our school. 徐老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。
This temple is one of _________________ buildings in the town. We must take action to protect it.
A. old　　　　 B. older
C. oldest D. the oldest
【答案】D
（4）表示＂第几最……＂时，可在最高级前加序数词。
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国的第二长河。
【注意】有些形容词，如dead，empty，round，sure，woolen 等受本身含义的限制，没有比较级。
Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. This building is _________________ (high) than that one.
2. Changjiang is one of the _________________ (long) rivers in the world.
3. Miss Brown is _________________ (thin) than her sister.
4. This river is _________________ (wide) than that one.
5. Who runs _________________ (fast), Tim, Adam or Mary?
6. New York is a _________________ (noisy) city than Washington D. C.
7. This blue coat _________________ (expensive) coat in the cloth store.
8. This new story is _________________ (interest) than that one.
9. I think swimming is _________________ (dangerous) than running.
10. I can’t follow you. Can you speak _________________ (slow)?
11. Miss Li is the _________________ (popular) teacher of all.
13. He sings English songs _________________ (well) than me.
13. What’s the _________________ (deep) sea in the world?
14. Which is _________________ (long), this ruler or that one?
15. The red box is the _________________ (heavy) of the five.
16. Qomolangma is the _________________ (tall) mountain in the world.
Ⅱ. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
1. 对于老年人来说学习英语更困难。
It’s _________________ _________________ for old people _________________ _________________ English.
2. 老师讲得慢，因此我能听得很清楚。
The teacher speaks _________________, _________________ I can hear _________________.
3. 汤姆是我们班上第二大的学生。
Tom is _________________ _________________ _________________ student in our class.
4. 玛丽比她姐姐的语文学得好。
Mary is _________________ _________________ Chinese than her sister.
5. 东方航空公司是最繁忙的国际航线之一。
China Easter Airline is _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ international airlines.
Ⅲ. 按要求完成句子
1. I’m taller than Jim. (改为同义句)
Jim is _________________ _________________ me.
2. The Caspian Sea is the deepest salt lake in the world. (改为同义句)
The Caspian Sea is _________________ than _________________ _________________ salt lake in the world.
3. My hometown is bigger than Xuzhou. (改为一般疑问句)
_________________ your hometown _________________ than Xuzhou?
4. Betty is ten years old. David is twelve years old. (改为同义句)
David is two years _________________ _________________ Betty.
5. This question is easier than that one. (改为否定句)
This question _________________ _________________ than that one.
Ⅳ. 单项选择
1. (2019﹒广东)According to a survey, four out of five women do housework at home, but only of men would do it.
A. four fifth B. four fifths
C. two fifth D. two fifths
2. (2019﹒湖北黄冈) —Dad, about _________ of our classmates wear glasses.
—Oh, that's terrible. You all should take good care of your eyes.
A. three fourth B. third fourth
C. third fourths D. three quarters
3. (2019﹒湖北咸宁)— Nowadays China has about 25,000 kilometers of high-speed railways.
—That’s _______ of the world’s total.
A. two third B. two-third
C. two thirds D. two three
4. (2019﹒湖南湘西) —Excuse me, Mary. Can you read “198” in English?
—Yes, of course._______.
A. One hundred ninety-eight
B. One hundred nine eight
C. One hundred and ninety-eight
5. (2019﹒湖南岳阳)Everyone knows that China is getting .
A. strong and strong B. strongest and strongest C. stronger and stronger
6. (2019﹒河南) —Why don’t you get yourself a job?
—That’s _____ said than done.
A. easy B. easier C. the easier D. the easiest
7. (2019﹒湖南湘潭)—Mum, I’d like a cup of coffee.
—Dear, why not drink some water? It’s than coffee.
A. healthy B. healthier C. the healthiest
8.（2019﹒上海)The bridge between the two islands is _______ one in Shanghai.
A. long B. longer
C. longest D. the longest
9.（2019﹒广西贵港)—What sports do you like ?
—Basketball. I think it’s very relaxing.
A. good B. well C. better D. best
10.（2019﹒贵州黔南)________ you practice, ________ you will be at math.
A. The more; the better C. The more; the best
C. The most; the better D. The most; the best
11.（2019﹒四川泸州)We are happy to see our city is developing these years than before.
A. quickly B. more quickly
C. very quickly D. the most quickly
12. （2019·安徽）—What do you think of the movie?
—Great! I have never seen a _____ one.
A. good B. bad
C. better D. worse
13. （2019·海南） people watched the rocket flying up into the sky.
A. Thousand B. Thousands C. Thousands of
14.（2019·湖北宜昌）—The living conditions in the countryside have improved greatly in recent years.
—The farmers are living a much ______ life than before.
A. happy B. happier
C. happily D. happiest
15.（2019·江苏苏州）You are speaking too fast. Can you speak a little ______?
A. more slowly B. most slowly
C. more loudly D. most loudly
16.（2019·江苏宿迁）Daniel is ______ his twin brother. They are both 1.75 metres tall.
A. taller than B. shorter than
C. as tall as D. so tall as
V. 完形填空
Bike-sharing is a new choice for short journeys in cities. It is good to the 1 development of the big cities.
A 2 by a company found that shared bikes started the nation’s 3 for bikes again. Now more and more Chinese people are 4 bikes instead of cars to make short journeys in cities.
An engineer of that company says that since the 5 of shared bikes, people have made fewer trips by car. The love for shared bikes is not only among 6 people, who were born in the 1980s and 1990s, but also among people over sixty.
At weekends, the number of the riders in Shenzhen reaches the 7 of all cities. On weekdays, the number of people who use shared bikes to travel to work is 8 in Shanghai.
It is said that bike-sharing will help 9 the cities’ environment. It not only helps solve the traffic problems, but also will help to make more use of 10 in cities. Take Beijing as an example if more people choose shared bikes, an area of five Bird’s Nest stadiums (体育场)will be saved.
1. A. slow B. healthy C. harmful D. sudden
2. A. rule B. plan C. report D. suggestion
3. A. search B. worry C. preparation D. love
4. A. choosing B. pushing C. repairing D. locking
5. A. end B. start C. control D. fall
6. A. strong B. weak C. old D. young
7. A. top B. side C. corner D. line
8. A. coming over B. putting off C. going up D. giving away
9. A. discover B. separate C. experience D. improve
10. A. air B. time C. space D. money
VI. 短文填空
请阅读下面短文，根据其内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。(每个单词限用一次)
storms; lives; rises; mountain; top; freezing; tourists; dangerous; are
Alaska Range(阿拉斯加山脉)is famous for its valleys and glaciers(冰川). It has many thick forests and big glaciers which are over millions of years old. It has more than a million 1 from all over the world. It is also one of the most 2 places on the earth.
Of all the peaks, Mount McKinley 3 the highest. It’s one of the most popular places to go for mountain climbing. It’s very difficult to climb because the 4 of the mountain is covered by thick snow all year round, and there are many other difficulties like the 5 weather conditions, avalanches(雪崩), the heavy 6 and so on.
For these climbers it is an extremely dangerous climbing, many people have lost their 7 on this mountain. However, the mountain climbers have never given up climbing it, and they enjoy the great challenges in climbing the mountain.
参考答案
Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1.higher 2.longest 3.thinner 4.wider 5.fastest 6.noisier　
7.is the most expensive　 8.more interesting　 9.more dangerous
10. more slowly 11. most popular 12. tourists 13. better
14. longer 15. heaviest 16. tallest
Ⅱ. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
1.more difficult；to learn 2.slowly；so；clearly 3.the second oldest　
4.better at　 5.one of the busiest
Ⅲ. 按要求完成句子
1.shorter than 2.deeper；any other 3.Is；bigger
4.older than 5.isn’t easier
Ⅳ. 单项选择
2. D 【解析】考查分数表达。在英语中，分子使用基数词，分母使用序数词，当分子大于或等于二时，分母用复数形式。由此排除A、B、C选项。quarter为四分之一，three quarters为3/4。故选D。
3. C 【解析】考查分数表达法。句意：——现在中国有大约25,000千米的高速铁路。——占世界（高铁）总长度的三分之二。分数表达法：分子用基数词，分母用序数次，分子大于1时，分母用复数。故选C。
4. C 【解析】考查数字辨析。句意：——劳驾，玛丽。你会用英语读“198”吗？——是的，当然了。_____。分析数字可知：百位数和十位数之间要加and。故选C。
5. C 【解析】考查形容词比较等级。句意：人们都知道中国变得越来越强大。比较级+比较级，意为“越来越……”，为固定句型，故可知选C。
6. B 【解析】考查形容词的比较级。句意：——你为什么不找份工作呢?——说起来容易做起来难。有标志词than，句子应用比较级，故选B。
9.D 【解析】考查副词最高级用法。句意：——你最喜欢什么运动？ ——篮球。我认为它非常有趣。Good形容词“好”；well副词“好”；而better 表示“较好”； best“最好”。根据上下文语境故选D。
10. A 【解析】考查比较级。句意：你练习得越多，你的数学将会越好。The +比较级，the+比较级，表示“越…,越……”。故选A。
11. B 【解析】考查副词比较级。句意：我们很高兴看到我们的城市比以前发展得更快了。根据than before可知，应用副词比较级。故选B。
12. C【解析】句意：“你认为这部电影怎么样？”“非常棒！我从来没有看过比这更好的了。”比较级用于否定句，往往表示最高级含义。根据Great！可知这部电影是看过的最好的电影，故选C。
13. C【解析】句意：成千上万的人观看火箭升上天空。Thousand 千，前面要用具体数字，表示明确数，Thousands不能单独使用，后面要跟of+名词复数，表示概数，故选C。
14. B【解析】句意：—近几年来，农村的生活条件大有改善。—农民们过着比以往更为幸福的生活。由第二句后面的than before知道，空白处应该填一个比较级的形式。A.happy，幸福的，是原形；C. happily，幸福地，是副词原形；D. happiest，最幸福的，是最高级。故选B。
15. A【解析】句意：你说的太快了。你能说慢一点吗？根据speaking too fast.所以是让对方说慢点，slowly慢的；loudly大声的。a little 修饰比较级，A. more slowly 比较级；B. most slowly 最高级。故选A。
16. C【解析】句意：丹尼尔和他的孪生兄弟一样高。他们都1.75米高。本题虽然是考查形容词的比较级，但是由They are both 1.75 metres tall可知，参与对比的两人是相同的身高，故选C。
VI. 完形填空
【文章大意】这篇短文主要介绍了新兴事物—共享单车。共享单车的出现有助于城市健康发展，在大城市越来越多的人喜欢上共享单车。
4. A 【解析】A. choosing选择；B. pushing 推；C. repairing修理；D. locking锁。越来越多的中国人正在 选择自行车而不是汽车在城市进行短途旅行。结合句意，故选A。
5. B【解析】A. end结束；B. start 开始；C. control 控制；D. fall落下。那家公司 的工程师说，自从 共享单车开始，人们更少开车进行旅行了。结合句意及上文，故选B。
6. D【解析】A. strong强壮的；B. weak 虚弱的；C. old老的，旧的；D. young年轻的。对共享单车的喜爱 不仅仅是在八九十年代出生的年轻人中，也出现在六十多岁的老人中。根据下文but also among people over sixty.故选D。
7. A【解析】 A. top顶部； B. side边；C. corner 角落； D. line线；周末在深圳骑自行车的人数达到了 所有城市之首。根据比较级范围，可知处于首位，故选A。
8. C【解析】工作日，在上海使用共享单车上班的人数在上升。go up上升。
9. D【解析】据说，共享单车将会帮助改善城市的环境。improve改进。
10 .C【解析】A. air空气； B. time时间；C. space 太空，空间；D. money钱。它不仅能帮助解决交通问题 而且也能帮助更好的利用城市空间。根据后文的例子，可知是更好利用城市空间，故选C。
VII. 短文填空
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了中国著名的景点长城的一些相关历史和介绍。
【解析】文章讲述了阿拉斯加山和它的攀登者。
1．tourists 句意：它有来自全世界的100多万游客。根据句意和选词可知是游客；故填tourists。
2．dangerous 句意：它也是世界上最危险的地方之一。根据句意和选词可知是危险的；故填dangerous。
3．rises 句意：在所有的山峰中，Mount McKinley耸立得最高。根据句意和选词可知是高耸，耸立；故填rises。
4．top 句意：山顶被厚厚的积雪全年覆盖。根据the top of ......的顶部；根据句意和选词可知是顶部；故填top。
7．lives 句意：许多人在这座山上失去了他们的生命。根据For these climbers it is an extremely dangerous climbing和选词，可知是失去了生命；故填lives。