北师大版高中英语模块2 Unit 6 Design 介词
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| 名称 | 北师大版高中英语模块2 Unit 6 Design 介词 |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 21.8KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 北师大版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-11-10 10:13:39 | ||
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介词
概念引入:
介词表示它后面的名词或相当于名词的其他结构与句中其他成分的关系。
语法讲解
介词的句法功能
介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成份，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。
1、作定语：The book on the table is mine.
2、作状语：We have breakfast at seven.（表时间）；They were late for meeting because of the heavy rain.（表原因）；They started the machine by pressing the button.（表方法）
3、作表语：My dictionary is in the bag.
4、作宾语补足语：I found him in the office.
表示地点位置的介词
1)at ,in, on, to
at (1)表示在小地方; (2)表示“在……附近，旁边”
in (1)表示在大地方; (2)表示“在……范围之内”。
on 表示毗邻，接壤
to 表示在……范围外，不强调是否接壤
He arrived at the station at ten.
He is sitting at the desk.
He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.
Jiangsu lies in the east of China.
Russia lies on the north of China.
Fujian is to the south of Jiangsu Province.
2)above, over, on 在……上
above 指在……上方,不强调是否垂直，与 below相对；
over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。
on表示某物体上面并与之接触。
The bird is flying above my head.
There is a bridge over the river.
He put his watch on the desk.
3)below, under 在……下面
under表示在……正下方
below表示在……下，不一定在正下方
There is a cat under the table.
Please write your name below the line.
表示时间的介词
1)in , on，at 在……时
in表示较长时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般（非特指）的早、中、晚等。
如 in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in January, in the morning, in the night, in one’s life , in one’s thirties等。
on表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚。
如on May 1st, on Monday, on New Year’s Day, on a cold night in January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon等。
at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间，或泛指圣诞节，复活节等。
如at 3:20, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of …, at the age of …, at Christmas， at night, at noon, at this moment等。
注意：在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。如：We meet every day.
2)in, after 在……之后
“in +段时间”表示将来的一段时间以后；
“after+段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后；
“after+将来点时间”表示将来的某一时刻以后。
My mother will come back in three or four days.
He arrived after five months.
She will appear after five o’clock this afternoon.
3)from, since 自从……
from仅说明什么时候开始，不说明某动作或情况持续多久；
since表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻，通常与完成时连用。
He studied the piano from the age of three.
They have lived here since 1978.
4)after, behind 在……之后
after主要用于表示时间；
behind主要用于表示位置。
We shall leave after lunch.
Lucy is hiding behind an old house.
表运动方向的介词：across, through 通过，穿过
across表示横过,即从物体表面通过，与on有关；
through穿过,即从物体内部穿过，与in有关。
She swam across the river.
He walked through the forest.
表示“在……之间”的介词：between, among
between指在两个人或两个事物之间；
among指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间。
There is a football match between Class One and Class Two on the playground.
The teacher is standing among the students.
表示其他意义的介词
1)on ,about 关于
on?表示这本书，这篇文章或演说是严肃的，或学术性的，可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读；
about表示内容较为普通，不那么正式。
There will be a lecture on economics this afternoon.
He is writing a book on cooking.
He told me a lot about his life in the summer vocation.
2)by, with, in 表示方法、手段、工具
by 以……方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具；
with 表示用 ……工具、手段，一般接具体的工具和手段；
in 表示用……方式，用……语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)等；
He makes a living by selling newspapers.
He broke the window with a stone.
The foreigner spoke to us in English.
3)except, besides 除了
except 除……之外，不包括在内；
besides 除……之外，包括在内。
Except Mr. Wang, we went to see the film.(王先生没去)
Besides Mr. Wang, we also went to see the film.(王先生也去了)
巩固练习
选择括号中的介词填空
Taiwan is ________ the southeast of China.（in, on, to）
Go _________ the bridge _________ the river, you’ll find the shop.（across, through; over, above）
I go to school __________7:30 every morning.（in, on, at）
He would like to meet her __________8:00 and 9:00 tomorrow morning.（between, among ）
The Greens have lived in China ________ three years.（in, for, after）
We go to school every day ________ Saturday and Sunday.（except, besides）
He wrote the letter _________ ink.（by, with ,in）
She returned to her country _________five years.（in, after, for）
There is a big tree _________ our classroom.（after, behind）
I usually go to work _________ bike.（by, on, with）
单项选择
1.100℃ is the temperature _________which water will boil
A. for B. at C. on D. of
2. Do you think this shirt is too tight ________ the shoulders?
A. at B. on C. to D. across
3. passion, people won't have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking.
A. For . B. Without C. Beneath D. By
4. You can change your job, you can move house, but friendship is meant to be life.
A. of B. on C. to D. for
5. Nothing is so easy as _____ parents to raise their expectations of their children too high.
A. of B. to C. by D. for
6.— Thank God you're safe!
—I stepped back, just to avoid the racing car.
A. in time B. in case C. in need D. in vain
7. He seems to be giving the impression that he didn’t enjoy himself in Paris. , he had a wonderful time.
A. Above all B. What’s more C. As a result D. On the contrary
8. The Well Hotel stands in a quiet place the main road at the far end of the lake.
A. to B. for C. off D. out
9. An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are___________ it.
A . against B. for C .to D. with
10. _______ all the animals I’ve ever had, those two dogs are the most sensitive to spoken word.
A. From B. Of C. For D. With
答案解析
选择括号中的介词填空
1.in 2.across, over 3.at, 4.between 5.for 6.except 7.in 8.after 9.behind 10.by
单项选择
1.【答案】B【解析】考查介词在定语从句中的前置。temperature是which的先行词。根据习惯用法“at the temperature”选B项。句意：100 ℃是水沸腾的温度。
2.【答案】D【解析】考查介词。Across介词含有“from one side to another”的意思。另外back across指背宽。此题容易误选C，但是应该注意too...to句型中，to后接动词原形。句意：你觉得这条裙子是不是肩的位置太紧了？
3. 【答案】B【解析】考查介词。句意：没有激情，人们就不会拥有创造性思维所必须的动力和快乐。
4.【答案】D【解析】考查介词。句意：你可以换工作，可以搬家，但友谊是一辈子不变的。只有“for” 表示动作的持续。 “for life ”所以选 D项。
5．【答案】D【解析】考查介词。句意：父母很容易就对他们的孩子期望过高。本句很容易受思维定式的影响而误选B项，so as to表目的，与句意不符。本句可简化为It is easier for parents to raise their expectations of their children too high.
6.【解析】考查介词短语。in time意为“及时”，in case意为“万一，假使”；in need意为“需要”；in vain意为“徒劳，无济于事”。句意：—谢天谢地，你安全了！—我走回去，正好及时避开堵车。
7.【答案】D【解析】考查介词短语和过渡句。根据句意“他似乎给人们留下在巴黎玩得不开心的印象____(恰恰相反)他玩得很开心”可知前后有转折之意，故选D恰恰相反。A首先；B此外；C结果是。
8.【答案】C【解析】考查介词。off 意思是“离开……、隔着……”，表示与……隔着一定的距离。句意：Well宾馆坐落在一个安静的地方，远离主干道，在湖的尽头。
9.【答案】A【解析】考查介词。这句话的意思：协议的达成似乎是不可能的，因为大多数委员会成员都______它。显然这里填“反对”。故选A. against.
10.【答案】B【解析】考查介词。two dogs 所属于all animals ,故用介词of表示这种关系，句意：在我所养的动物中，这两条狗对人说的话最为敏感。
概念引入:
介词表示它后面的名词或相当于名词的其他结构与句中其他成分的关系。
语法讲解
介词的句法功能
介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成份，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。
1、作定语：The book on the table is mine.
2、作状语：We have breakfast at seven.（表时间）；They were late for meeting because of the heavy rain.（表原因）；They started the machine by pressing the button.（表方法）
3、作表语：My dictionary is in the bag.
4、作宾语补足语：I found him in the office.
表示地点位置的介词
1)at ,in, on, to
at (1)表示在小地方; (2)表示“在……附近，旁边”
in (1)表示在大地方; (2)表示“在……范围之内”。
on 表示毗邻，接壤
to 表示在……范围外，不强调是否接壤
He arrived at the station at ten.
He is sitting at the desk.
He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.
Jiangsu lies in the east of China.
Russia lies on the north of China.
Fujian is to the south of Jiangsu Province.
2)above, over, on 在……上
above 指在……上方,不强调是否垂直，与 below相对；
over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。
on表示某物体上面并与之接触。
The bird is flying above my head.
There is a bridge over the river.
He put his watch on the desk.
3)below, under 在……下面
under表示在……正下方
below表示在……下，不一定在正下方
There is a cat under the table.
Please write your name below the line.
表示时间的介词
1)in , on，at 在……时
in表示较长时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般（非特指）的早、中、晚等。
如 in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in January, in the morning, in the night, in one’s life , in one’s thirties等。
on表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚。
如on May 1st, on Monday, on New Year’s Day, on a cold night in January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon等。
at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间，或泛指圣诞节，复活节等。
如at 3:20, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of …, at the age of …, at Christmas， at night, at noon, at this moment等。
注意：在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。如：We meet every day.
2)in, after 在……之后
“in +段时间”表示将来的一段时间以后；
“after+段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后；
“after+将来点时间”表示将来的某一时刻以后。
My mother will come back in three or four days.
He arrived after five months.
She will appear after five o’clock this afternoon.
3)from, since 自从……
from仅说明什么时候开始，不说明某动作或情况持续多久；
since表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻，通常与完成时连用。
He studied the piano from the age of three.
They have lived here since 1978.
4)after, behind 在……之后
after主要用于表示时间；
behind主要用于表示位置。
We shall leave after lunch.
Lucy is hiding behind an old house.
表运动方向的介词：across, through 通过，穿过
across表示横过,即从物体表面通过，与on有关；
through穿过,即从物体内部穿过，与in有关。
She swam across the river.
He walked through the forest.
表示“在……之间”的介词：between, among
between指在两个人或两个事物之间；
among指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间。
There is a football match between Class One and Class Two on the playground.
The teacher is standing among the students.
表示其他意义的介词
1)on ,about 关于
on?表示这本书，这篇文章或演说是严肃的，或学术性的，可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读；
about表示内容较为普通，不那么正式。
There will be a lecture on economics this afternoon.
He is writing a book on cooking.
He told me a lot about his life in the summer vocation.
2)by, with, in 表示方法、手段、工具
by 以……方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具；
with 表示用 ……工具、手段，一般接具体的工具和手段；
in 表示用……方式，用……语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)等；
He makes a living by selling newspapers.
He broke the window with a stone.
The foreigner spoke to us in English.
3)except, besides 除了
except 除……之外，不包括在内；
besides 除……之外，包括在内。
Except Mr. Wang, we went to see the film.(王先生没去)
Besides Mr. Wang, we also went to see the film.(王先生也去了)
巩固练习
选择括号中的介词填空
Taiwan is ________ the southeast of China.（in, on, to）
Go _________ the bridge _________ the river, you’ll find the shop.（across, through; over, above）
I go to school __________7:30 every morning.（in, on, at）
He would like to meet her __________8:00 and 9:00 tomorrow morning.（between, among ）
The Greens have lived in China ________ three years.（in, for, after）
We go to school every day ________ Saturday and Sunday.（except, besides）
He wrote the letter _________ ink.（by, with ,in）
She returned to her country _________five years.（in, after, for）
There is a big tree _________ our classroom.（after, behind）
I usually go to work _________ bike.（by, on, with）
单项选择
1.100℃ is the temperature _________which water will boil
A. for B. at C. on D. of
2. Do you think this shirt is too tight ________ the shoulders?
A. at B. on C. to D. across
3. passion, people won't have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking.
A. For . B. Without C. Beneath D. By
4. You can change your job, you can move house, but friendship is meant to be life.
A. of B. on C. to D. for
5. Nothing is so easy as _____ parents to raise their expectations of their children too high.
A. of B. to C. by D. for
6.— Thank God you're safe!
—I stepped back, just to avoid the racing car.
A. in time B. in case C. in need D. in vain
7. He seems to be giving the impression that he didn’t enjoy himself in Paris. , he had a wonderful time.
A. Above all B. What’s more C. As a result D. On the contrary
8. The Well Hotel stands in a quiet place the main road at the far end of the lake.
A. to B. for C. off D. out
9. An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are___________ it.
A . against B. for C .to D. with
10. _______ all the animals I’ve ever had, those two dogs are the most sensitive to spoken word.
A. From B. Of C. For D. With
答案解析
选择括号中的介词填空
1.in 2.across, over 3.at, 4.between 5.for 6.except 7.in 8.after 9.behind 10.by
单项选择
1.【答案】B【解析】考查介词在定语从句中的前置。temperature是which的先行词。根据习惯用法“at the temperature”选B项。句意：100 ℃是水沸腾的温度。
2.【答案】D【解析】考查介词。Across介词含有“from one side to another”的意思。另外back across指背宽。此题容易误选C，但是应该注意too...to句型中，to后接动词原形。句意：你觉得这条裙子是不是肩的位置太紧了？
3. 【答案】B【解析】考查介词。句意：没有激情，人们就不会拥有创造性思维所必须的动力和快乐。
4.【答案】D【解析】考查介词。句意：你可以换工作，可以搬家，但友谊是一辈子不变的。只有“for” 表示动作的持续。 “for life ”所以选 D项。
5．【答案】D【解析】考查介词。句意：父母很容易就对他们的孩子期望过高。本句很容易受思维定式的影响而误选B项，so as to表目的，与句意不符。本句可简化为It is easier for parents to raise their expectations of their children too high.
6.【解析】考查介词短语。in time意为“及时”，in case意为“万一，假使”；in need意为“需要”；in vain意为“徒劳，无济于事”。句意：—谢天谢地，你安全了！—我走回去，正好及时避开堵车。
7.【答案】D【解析】考查介词短语和过渡句。根据句意“他似乎给人们留下在巴黎玩得不开心的印象____(恰恰相反)他玩得很开心”可知前后有转折之意，故选D恰恰相反。A首先；B此外；C结果是。
8.【答案】C【解析】考查介词。off 意思是“离开……、隔着……”，表示与……隔着一定的距离。句意：Well宾馆坐落在一个安静的地方，远离主干道，在湖的尽头。
9.【答案】A【解析】考查介词。这句话的意思：协议的达成似乎是不可能的，因为大多数委员会成员都______它。显然这里填“反对”。故选A. against.
10.【答案】B【解析】考查介词。two dogs 所属于all animals ,故用介词of表示这种关系，句意：在我所养的动物中，这两条狗对人说的话最为敏感。