人教版英语初中八年级下册Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three yearsSectionA知识讲解+巩固练习（含答案，补习资料）

Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years.
知识
Words
1. _________________ n. 院子
2. _________________ n. 记忆；回忆
3. _________________ n. 分；分币
4. _________________ adj. 甜蜜的；甜的
5. _________________ n. 玩具
6. _________________n. 熊
7. _________________n. 生产者
8. _________________ v. 检查；审查
9. _________________ adj. 软的；柔软的
10. _________________ adj. 地位低下的
11. _________________ n. 卧室
12. _________________ adj. 某种；某事；某人
13. _________________ adj. 诚实的；老实的
14. _________________ v. 清理；清除
15. _________________ n. 一段时间
16. _________________ n. 家乡；故乡
17. _________________ v. & n. 搜索；搜查
18. _________________n. 羞耻
19. _________________ adv. 尤其；特别
20. _________________ v. 将……认为；把……视为
21. _________________ v. 注视；仔细考虑
22. _________________ v. 拥有；抓住
Phrases
1. ___________________________察看；观察
2. ___________________________ 至于；关于
3. ___________________________老实说，说实在的
4. ___________________________不再
5. ___________________________棋类游戏
6. ___________________________一会儿
7. ___________________________养狗
8. ___________________________故乡情
9. ___________________________一年一两次
10. ___________________________把……看成……
11. 与……分开
12. 以极大的兴趣关注着
Sentences
1. How long have you had that bike over there?你拥有那边那辆自行车多长时间了？
2. I’ve had it for three years= I’ve had it since three years ago.
我已拥有它3年了/自从3年以前我就拥有它了。
3. As they get bigger our house seems to get smaller.
随着他们的长大，我们的房子看起来变小了。
4. We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use.
我们已经决定，每一笑交易卖5样我们不再用的东西。
5. Many people like Zhong Wei regard with great interest how their hometowns have changed.许多象钟伟一样的人都带着极大的兴趣关注着他们的家乡已经发生了怎样的变化。
6. Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories.
艾米想留着她的旧东西，因为它们勾起甜美的回忆。
7. You can also give old things away to people in need.
你也可以把旧东西捐赠给急需的人们。
Grammar
现在完成时（Ⅰ）
【答案】
words：
1. yard 2. memory 3. cent 4. sweet 5. toy
6. bear 7. maker 8. check 9. soft 10. junior
11. bedroom 12. certain 13. honest 14. clear 15. while
16. hometown 17. search 18. shame 19. especially 20. regard
21. consider 22. hold
Phrases：
1. check out 2. as for 3. to be honest 4. no longer 5. board games
6. for a while 7. have a dog 8. hometown feelings 9. once or twice a year
10. consider/regard…as… 11. part with 12. regard with great interest
课时1 Section A 1a-4c
1. —How long have you had that bike over there? 那边的那辆自行车你买了多长时间了？
—I’ve had it for three years! 我买了它三年了！
（1）how long “多久；多长时间”，常对时间段提问。此外，how long还可提问物体长度，意为“多长”。
【易混辨析】how long/how soon/how often/how far
how long
多久；多长时间
常对时间段提问
常用“for+一段时间”或“since+时间点”“since+时间段+ago”来回答
how soon
多久以后
对“in+时间段”提问，常用于一般将来时态的句子中
其答语常用“in+时间段”
how often
多久一次
对频率提问
其答语常用“once(twice/…)+时间段”，always，often等频度副词
how far
多远
对距离提问
其答语是表距离的内容
?—How long did you stay here? 你在这里待了多久。
—For two hours.两小时。
? How far should I throw the ball? 我该把这球扔多远呢？
?—How often do you play the piano?你多久弹一次钢琴？
—Once a day.每天一次。
?—How soon will you be ready? 你过多久才能准备好？
—I’ll be ready in five minutes.5分钟后我可以准备好。
—________ have you lived in Lanzhou?
—Since my parents found jobs here.
A. How long　　　 　B. How far
C. How soon D. How old
【答案】A
【解析】how long“多长时间”，对“for+一段时间”或“since+时间点/从句”提问。how far“多远”，对距离提问；how soon“多久之后”，对“in+一段时间”提问；how old“多大”，对年龄提问。根据答语Since my parents found jobs here.可知选A。
（2）本句中have had相当于have bought, buy是非延续性动词,不可以接一段时间。若buy接一段时间要换
为延续性动词have。类似的有:borrow →keep, come/go/reach/arrive →be in/at, start/begin →be on, leave
→be away from等。
? I have bought a watch.我已经买了一块手表。
? I have had the watch for two weeks.这块手表我买了两周了。
? She has kept the book for three days.这本书她借了三天了。
? The film has been on for an hour.电影已经开始一个小时了。
2. Jeff’s family is having a yard sale. 杰夫一家在举行庭院拍卖会。
(1) family意为“家,家庭;家庭成员”,如将其看作整体,用作集体名词,应按单数名词对待, 作主语时,其后的谓
语动词用单数形式;如果指家庭成员,则按复数名词看待, 作主语时,其后的谓语动词用复数形式。
? My family is large.我的家很大。
? My family are all watching TV.我的家人都在看电视。
(2)sale用作名词，意为“出售，销售”，常与介词on或for连用，构成短语：on sale“减价出售”；for sale“待
售，供出售”，尤指从主人手里出售。
? Chickens are on sale in the market.
小鸡在市场上出售。
? I’m sorry; it’s not for sale.抱歉，它不是卖的。
一Do you have Jay's CDs?
一Sorry, They are ，but I will get some more next week because they .
A. on sale; are sold well B. sold out; sell well
C. sold out; are sold well D. on sale; sell well
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你有周杰伦的光盘吗？——抱歉，它们都卖出去了，但下周我会在购进一些，因为它们销售的很好。第一个空，结合句意“不好意思，已经卖光了”，sell out 意为“卖光，售罄”，句子是被动语态，故sold out 符合题意。第二个空，结合句意“但是我们下周会再进一些，因为它们卖的很好”，on sale 意为“促销”，sell well 意为“卖得好”，故 sell well 符合题意。因此B项符合题意。
3. You can also give old things away to people in need. 你还可以把旧东西捐赠给需要的人们。
in need“需要；在困难中”，在句中可以作后置定语或表语，其中need为不可数名词。
?A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。
【知识拓展】
be in need of意为“需要……”。
? I’ll come when you are in need of help.
在你需要帮助的时候我会来的。
I’ll try my best to help the people ________.
A. in need B. with need
C. in help D. with help
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我将尽力帮助那些需要帮助的人。in need需要帮助的，with one’s help在某人的帮助下。结合句意，故选A。
4. Because I don’t read it anymore. 因为我不再看它了。
not…anymore不再……,anymore可分为any more。not…anymore的同义词组是no more, no more强调数量或程度。
?I won’t go to his house any more/anymore.
我再也不到他家去了。
?I will go to the seaside no more.
= I won’t go to the seaside anymore.
我不会再去海边了。
【知识拓展】
no longer/not…any longer意为“不再……”,表示时间或距离的不再延长,常含有今昔对比之意,比较正式,常用于一般现在时和过去时。
?You are no longer a child.
=You are not a child any longer.
你再不是个小孩子了。
I promise I won’t make such mistakes ________.
A. no more B. more
C. any longer D. no longer
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我保证我不会再犯这样的错误。not any longer= no longer，不再，强调时间上不再；not any more= no more，不再，强调程度上不再。所以选C。
5. I’ve had this magazine for a couple of months. 这本杂志我买了几个月了。
a couple of 可以表示具体的数量“两个”,指两个人或物体;也可以表示数量不定的“少数几个”,作这种虚指的用法时,具体意思往往视上下文和具体的语境而决定。
?You have to wait for a couple of hours for the clothes to dry completely.
你得等上一两个小时让这些衣服完全晾干。
6. The stories inside may be a bit old,… 里面的故事可能有点旧……
a bit意为“一点儿,稍微”,修饰形容词或副词,相当于 a little。a bit of 后接不可数名词, a little直接接不可数名词。
?There is a bit of/a little water in the bottle.瓶子里有点儿水。
【拓展】
not a bit 相当于not at all,意为“一点也不”；not a little 相当于very，意为“非常”。
?She is not a bit happy.她一点儿也不快乐。
?He is not a little tired.
=He is very tired.他非常累。
There is _______ water in the glass, but it’s _______ cold. You’d better not drink it.
A. a bit; a bit B. a bit of; a bit
C. a little; a little of D. a little of; a little
【答案】B
【解析】句意：在玻璃杯里有一些水，但是它是凉的，你最好不要喝它。a bit有点，修饰形容词；a bit of一些，修饰名词；a little一些，修饰不可数名词，a little of后面的名词前必须有定冠词、指示代词、名词所有格或者形容词性物主代词；故选B。
7. And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids. 察看一下这些给小孩子们玩的布绒玩具和棋类游戏吧。
check out为“动词+副词”结构的短语，意为“察看；观察”。
?Check out all the books for children.察看一下所有的儿童书籍。
【知识拓展】
（1）check 用作动词，意为“检查，审查”。
?If you finish it, check it by yourself first.
如果你完成了,就自己先检查一下。
（2）check 作名词，意为“支票,账单”。
?He wrote me a check. 他给我开了一张支票。
I will meet Jane at the station. Please________ what time she will arrive.
A. count　　　　　 B. choose
C. check D. catch
【答案】C
【解析】count计算； choose选择； check检查，查看； catch 赶上，接住。句意：我将到车站接简，请查看一下她什么时候到。
8. We have already cleared out a lot of things from our bedrooms.我们已经从卧室里清理出了许多东西。
clear out “清除，清理”。其中，clear用作动词，意为“清理，清除”。
?Please clear out the cupboard.请把橱柜清理一下。
?Whose job is to clear out snow from the road?
谁的工作是把路上的雪清除掉？
【知识拓展】
clear up
(1)清理；使整洁
?Clear up the desk, will you? 请把书桌整理一下，好吗？
(2)放晴
?It cleared up soon after the rain.雨后天气迅速放晴。
—You’d better ____________ your old toys. They are no use now.
—But I want to keep them because they bring back sweet memories.
A. bring out B. check out
C. clear out D. clean up
【答案】C
【解析】句意：—你最好清理你的旧玩具，现在它们都没用了。—但是我想保存，因为它们唤起甜美的回忆。bring out：提出；check out：检查；clear out：清理；clean up：打扫。根据上文说玩具没用了和下文的转折说还想保留它们，可知所填部分的含义应为清理掉的意思，故选C。
9. We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use. 我们决定每人出售5件不再使用的物品。
（1）decide to do sth.决定去做某事,否定形式为decide not to do sth.。decide后只能接不定式,不可接动名词。
?He decided not to go there.他决定不去那儿了。
【知识拓展】
　decide相关结构:
decide +that从句;
decide +疑问词+不定式;
decide against doing so=decide not to do so决定不这么做。
?They decided that they would decline the invitation.他们决定谢绝邀请。
?I can’t decide what to do.
我不能决定做什么才好。
?We decided on carrying out the plan.
我们决定执行这个计划。
?They have decided against camping in the mountains.
他们决定不在山上露营。
They have two rooms to live in, but they can’t decide .
A. to choose which one B. choose which one
C. which one to choose D. what to choose
【答案】C
【解析】句意：他们有两个房间可以住，但是他们不能决定选择哪一间。decide后跟疑问词加动词不定式的形式。故排除AB；what表示没有选择范围中选择；which表示有确定的选择范围，在这个范围中选择。这里只在两个房间里选择，有选择范围，所以应该用which，故选C。
10. For example, he has owned a train and railway set since his fourth birthday,… 例如，自从他的4岁生日其，他就拥有了一套火车和铁路轨道的玩具……
own 动词，意为“拥有;有”。
?Who owns this house?谁拥有这幢房子?
【知识拓展】
(1) own adj.& pron.自己的;本人的。
?I have a dream that I can have my own firm one day.
我有一个梦想,将来的某一天,我能有一个自己的公司。
(2) one’s own表示“某人自己的”。own自己的,要放在物主代词或名词所有格后面。
?She saw it with her own eyes.
她亲眼目睹了这件事。
(3) owner表示“拥有者,所有者,主人”。
?Who is the owner of the house?
谁是这所房子的主人?
11. .…, although she also felt sad to part with certain toys. ……尽管失去某些玩具她也感到很难过。
（1）part with意为“放弃；交出；卖掉（尤指不舍得的东西）”，是“动词+介词”结构的短语，其后可接名词或代词作宾语。
?Don’t part with your dream.不要放弃你的梦想。
?I don’t want to part with my old bike. 我不想卖掉我的旧自行车。
（2）certain形容词，意为“某些，某个”，仅用于名词前，作名词的定语。
?A certain Mr. Brown phoned while you were out.
你出去的时候，有一位叫布朗的先生来过电话。
【易混辨析】certain/some
certain
意为“某，某些”，既可修饰单数名词也可修饰复数名词。但表示“某一”时，certain之前要加不定冠词a。
some
作 “某个，某一”理解， 其本身已涵盖“一”的概念，因而仅用于修饰单数可数名词。修饰可数名词复数，其意思是“一些”。
?He didn’t attend the meeting for some/a certain reason.
出于某种原因，他没有参加会议。
?Certain plants don’t grow well in this country. 有些植物在这个国家生长不好。
【知识拓展】
(1)表“肯定的”意思时作表语，常用于结构be certain to do/be certain of/be certain＋that从句。
?He is certain to succeed.
他一定会成功。
?He is certain of success.他有把握成功。
?I am certain that he will succeed.
我肯定他会成功。
(2)其副词形式certainly＝sure＝of course表示“当然”。
?—Can I open the door？我可以把门打开吗？
—Certainly.当然可以。
If you try your best now, I am ________ that your dream will come true.
A. afraid B. worried C. interested D. certain
【答案】D
【解析】句意：如果你现在尽最大努力，我确信你的梦想会实现。 afraid恐怕，害怕；worried担心的；interested有趣的；certain无疑的，有把握的。故选D。
12. As for me, I did not want to give up my football shirts,but,to be honest, I have not played for a while now.
至于我，我不想放弃我的橄榄球球衫，但是，说实在的，现在我已经有一段时间没玩球了。
（1）as for意为“至于,就……而言,涉及,提到(某人某事)”,通常位于句首,引出下面的话题, as for后接名词/代词/动名词。
?As for homework, most students do it every day.
至于说家庭作业,大多数学生每天都做。
Everyone wants to win. But ________ me，the most important thing is to learn something new and have fun.(江西)
A. as for　　　　 B. thanks to
C. instead of D. such as
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查短语辨析。as for对于，至于；thanks to多亏；instead of代替，而不是；such as比如，例如。句意：每个人都想赢。但对于我来说，最重要的事情是学到新的东西，并玩得开心。
（2）to be honest是不定式短语作插入语,意为“老实说,说实在的”,类似的短语有:to tell the truth 说实话,to be exact确切地说,to start with首先,一开始。
?To be honest, it is one of the best books that I’ve ever read.
说实在的,这是我读过的最好的书之一。
【拓展】
（1）honest形容词，意为“诚实的；老实的”，其反义词为dishonest“不诚实的”，其名词形式为honesty“诚实”。
?She is an honest woman, and she won’t tell lies.
她是个诚实的女人，不会撒谎的。
（2）honest以元音音素开头，前有不定冠词时用an。
A person who is ________ does not tell lies or cheat (欺骗) people.
A. careless　　　 B. stupid
C. honest D. humorous
【答案】C
【解析】本题用词义辨析法。careless 粗心的；stupid 愚蠢的；honest 诚实的；humorous 幽默的。结合句意，不说谎或者不欺骗别人的人，自然是诚实的人。
(3) while 用作名词，意为“一段时间;一会儿”。
?They walked for a while and stopped to have a rest.
他们走了一会儿,然后停下来休息了一下。
【拓展】
while常见的搭配：
for a while一会儿
after a while一会儿之后
in a while 不久；马上
once in a while有时；偶尔
So far, it hasn’t snowed in Zhenzhou this winter. However, it often snows in the northeast, ___________ it snows heavily.
A. for a while B. after a while
C. once in a while D. all the while
【答案】C
【解析】句意：到目前为止，在真州这个冬天还没有下雪。然而，在东北经常下雪，偶尔还下的很大。A. for a while 一会儿； B. after a while 过了一会儿；C. once in a while 时不时，偶尔；D. all the while一直始终。根据句意，故选C。
13.What would you do with the money you raise? 你会用你筹集的钱做什么？
do with意为“对付,处理”,相当于deal with。
?It took me too much time to do with/deal with the problem.
处理这个问题花了我太多的时间。
【易混辨析】　deal with/do with
(1)deal with对付,处理,与疑问词how连用,侧重指解决问题的方式、方法,how作状语。
?How will you deal with the boy?
你将怎样处理这个男孩?
(2)do with对付,处理,与疑问词what连用,侧重于对某物的利用,what作宾语。
?What did you do with your old car?
你的旧轿车是如何处理的?
—Have you decided __________ these old clothes, Mike?
—Not yet. But I think I can devote them to the children in need in poor areas.
A. what to deal with B. how to manage
C. how to deal D. what to do with
【答案】D
【解析】句意：迈克，你决定好了怎么处理这些旧衣服了吗？考查宾语从句。以及do with和deal with区别，do with一般和what连用，而deal with一般和how连用。本题的宾语从句做decided的宾语，而宾语从句里的what又做do的宾语，故选D。
　
基础训练
I. 单词拼写
1.The (甜的)food is bad for your teeth.
2.The house with a big (院子)is very expensive.
3.The song brought back so many childhood (记忆,回忆).
4.The skirt feels (柔软的)as if it is made of silk.
5.Please (检查)your test paper before you hand it in.
6. Mr. Black bought a ________(玩具) for his little daughter.
7. My brother is a ________ ( 职位低下的) officer.
8. Look at my ________(卧室). It is very big.
9. There is a________ (铁路) between the two cities.
10. The room smells terrible. You should ________ (清理)the rubbish.
II. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. I can't go swimming for some ________ (certainly)reasons.
2. And the ________(make)of the car was one of these people.
3. Mike ________ (have) this phone since last September.
4. I bought two ________ (scarf) for my mother on Mother's Day.
5. You and I must be ________ (truth) with ea ch other.
III. 根据所给的汉语提示完成下列句子
1.你也能把这些书捐赠给那些孩子。
You can also 　　　　 these books 　　　　 to those kids.
2.我已经长大了,所以我不再需要它了。
I’ve grown up, so I　　　　need it 　　　　.
3.我已经买这辆自行车2年了。
I 　　　　　　　　 the bike for two years.
4.他不知道如何去那儿。
He doesn’t know 　　　　　　　　 get there.
5. 审查看一看我们新商店的价格吧!
　　　　 　　　　the prices at our new store!
6. 我们已经决定每人卖五件我们不再用的东西。
We have to each sell five things that we use.
7. 我们已经从我们的卧室里清理出许多东西。
We have already a lot of things from our bedrooms.
8. 说实在的,你是一位非常好的老师。
,you are a very good teacher.
9. 随着他们长大,我们的房子似乎变得更小了。
　 they get bigger ,our house get smaller.
10.对我来说,我不想放弃我的足球服。
me, I did not want to my football shirts.
IV.用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
no longer; as for; clear up;
even though; think about
1. I like reading books._______ ___________ the computer, I sometimes use it.
2. ________________ it rained hard, the soldiers kept working.
3. I ________________ went to school by bike because I wanted to take a bus.
4. —How about ________________ the bedroom?
—Good idea. It looks untidy.
5. We are busy __________________ the problem.Please come and help us.
Ⅴ 单项填空
1. Have you ever thought about ________ your old things for a yard sale?
A. clear out B. clearing out
C. to clear out D. cleared out
2. —Look！Who's ________ boy over there?
—Oh，he is my cousin Bob. He is ________ honest boy.
A. a；the B. the；an
C. the；a D. a；an
3. ________homework, we will do it on Sunday.
A. As for B. Because
C. Thanks fo r D. In order to
4. She didn't go to school for ________reason.
A. a certain B. different
C. certain D. a some
5. —________ have you been in the sports club?
—Since the first month I came to the school.
A. How old B. How long
C. How much D. How soon
6. — Julie said she sent you a birthday card yesterday. Have you got it?
—Oh, really? I haven't ________ my m ailbox.
A. examined B. reviewed
C. tested D. checked
7. —What do you think of the woman singer?
—Her voice sounds ________.I like her songs.
A. sweet B. sweetly C. bad D. badly
8. Lucy can learn the lesson by heart. She has a good ________.
A. head B. idea
C. heart D. memory
9. We should be honest. We shouldn't tell lies.
A. truly B. true C. truth D. truthful
10. I won't go to that restaurant ________.The food there is very bad.
A. no longer B. any longer
C. not any longer D. any long
11. The beautiful house is sale. But it won't be sale.
A. on; for B. for; on
C. with; for D. with; on
12. Can I have ___________ bread? I feel ___________ hungry.
A. little; a bit B. a little; a bit
C. a bit; a bit D. bit; bit
能力提升
I. 完形填空
Matt’s hobby was collecting stamps. He had stamps from many __ 1 __, like America, Egypt and China.
Matt’s favorite stamps __ 2 __ from France. He has almost every stamp for 1954 to 2007. He only needed __ 3 __. That was a 1974 special edition (版本). It was very __ 4 __ to find.
He looked for it everywhere. He asked his friends and relatives to help him. But __ 5 __ could find the stamp. It made Matt very sad.
“Don’t worry,” his father said to him, “you’ll find it one day.”
“I hope so.” Matt said.
“Be patient(耐心),” his father said, “Don’t give up.”
Besides collecting stamps, Matt also likes writing. He had a pen friend in France. They wrote to each other every month. Matt’s pen friend, Philip gave him a big, green stamp. It looked old. When Matt __ 6 __ the letter, he was very surprised. On the __ 7 __, he looked closely at the stamp. It was the __ 8 __ special edition stamp. Matt was so happy! He told his sister, his mother and his father.
“You see,” his father said, “you did find your __ 9 __. So, you see, it’s good to have __ 10 __ things in life. ”
“What are they?” Matt asked.
“Friends and patience.” he answered.
1．A．cities B．capitals C．countries D．provinces
2．A．come B．came C．comes D．coming
3．A．two B．nothing C．one D．three
4．A．easy B．important C．dangerous D．hard
5．A．someone B．nobody C．anyone D．everyone
6．A．get B．took C．take D．got
7．A．envelope B．letter C．book D．bag
8．A．2009 B．1974 C．2007 D．1954
9．A．stamp B．friend C．envelope D．letter
10．A．three B．four C．two D．one
II. 阅读理解
A
Computers can injure you. Most other injuries happen suddenly. For example, if you fall off a bicycle and break your arm, it happens very quickly. But computer injuries happen slowly.
Your eyes
Too much light can injure your eyes, so never sit too close to a computer screen. Your eyes should be at least 50 centimeters from the screen. Remember to look away from it sometimes. This gives your eyes a rest.
When you use a computer, the window should be on your left or your right. If it is behind you, the light will reflect(反射) on the screen. If the windows is in front of you, the sun and the screen will both shine into your eyes.
Your hands and wrists(手腕)
Hand and wrist injuries can happen because the hands and wrists are moved in the same way hundreds of times. If you use a keyboard for a long times, follow these three rules: 1) Rest your wrists on something. 2) Keep your elbows at the same height as the keyboard. 3) Stop sometimes and exercise your hands, wrists and fingers in a different way.
Your back
Some people sit for many hours in front of a computer. If you sit in a wrong way, you can injure your back or your neck. So you should sit with your back straight. The top part of the screen should be in front of your eyes. Your forearms(前臂), wrists and hands should all be parallel to(与……平衡) the floor. If you are sitting for a long time, get up every 30 minutes and exercise your arms, legs and neck.
Enjoy your computer, but use it safely.
1. The underlined word “injure” means “ .”
A. 保护 B. 影响 C. 伤害 D. 帮助
2. Your eyes should .
A. be close to the screen
B. be less than 50 centimeters from the screen
C. face the window
D. be more than 50 centimeters from the screen
3. To protect your hands and wrists you should .
A. Keep your elbows above the height of the keyboard
B. Keep your wrists hanging without touching anything
C. Keep your elbows below the height of the keyboard
D. Stop playing computer sometimes and exercise
4. Which of the following is true?
A. Sitting wrongly is only bad for your wrists and fingers.
B. Your eyes should be at the same height as the top part of the screen.
C. You should have a rest every two hours.
D. You should sit in front of a screen and play computer for a long time.
5. Which is the best title of this passage?
A. How to Use a computer Safely.
B. How to Play Computer Games.
C. How to Protect Your Eyes.
D. Computers Are Very Harmful.
B
When you get tired of homework, several minutes’ walk in a nearby green park helps you relax at once. Or you may stand facing the lake or the seas. They will calm (not to be excited or nervous) you just like the green plants.
Wonder why? Color is a key part of the answers. Since it is so, green and blue help make people feel more quiet and safe.
All colors have special power. Scientists have found that many colors have specific effects (效果) on people’s mind and feelings.
Try an easy and interesting experiment(实验) and you’ll see how color “mislead” you sometimes. Wrap (包装) two boxes of the same size with colored paper, one red and the other white. Then weigh the two boxes with your hands. Which one is heavier? Most people will think that the red box is heavier, even though they weigh the same.
Colors can affect (影响) learning. Scientists have found that students spend more time reading if they read information written in blue text. Blue helps most people calm down and think more.
Clever uses of colors in daily life are to be seen everywhere. Hospitals and libraries seldom paint their walls, tables and desks red. They use light colors, like light blue or green. Red makes people excited while light colors help them relax. Haven’t worked out how color affects your daily life? Start with your small room. Try to make some changes in it and you’ll get to know how important color is!
6. The underlined word “mislead” means .
A. affects
B. disabled
C. causes someone to have a wrong idea
D. give wrong directions[
7. We’d better paint the walls of the hospital in .
A. deep red or deep brown
B. light blue or light green
C. deep orange or deep red
D. light green or light yellow
8. If you want to ,you’d better sit in the room painted blue.
A. study attentively
B. weigh something with your hands
C. face the lake or the sea
D. enjoy some rock music
9. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. When you are going to have a rest, you’d better sit in the room painted green.
B. Scientists have known some differences among some colors
C. When you get tired of homework, you should look at the green plants far away
D. The passage has told us clearly why some colors are warm and other colors are cool.
10. The reading mainly shows us .
A. the difference between red and blue
B. how to get on well with others
C. how to make smart uses of different colors in our daily life
D. how to paint and decorate our rooms
III. 语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个恰当的或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置。
People in different countries have different 1 （way）of doing things. Something that is polite in one country may be quite 2 (polite) in another. In Britain, you mustn’t lift your bowl to your mouth when you are 3 (have) some soup. But it’s different in China. And in Japan you even needn’t worry 4
making noises when you have it. It shows that you are enjoying it. But it is regarded as bad manners in Britain. If you are a 5 (visit) in Mongolia, what manners do they expect you to have? They expect you to have a loud“burp”(打嗝)after you finish 6 (eat). Burping shows that you liked the food.
In Britain, you should try not to put your hands on the table when you’re having a meal. In Mexico, however, guests are 7 (expect) to keep their hands on the table during a meal. But in Arab countries you must 8
(be) very careful with the hands. You mustn’t eat with left hand. Arabs consider it very bad manners eating with the left hand. So, what should you do 9 you are on a visit in another country? You can ask the native people to help you or just watch 10 (careful) and follow them.
真题练习
1.（2019﹒江苏连云港）—___________ will the project of high-speed railway connecting Xuzhou to Lianyungang be completed?
—In about two years.
A. How long B. How far
C. How soon D. How often
2.（2019﹒甘肃白银）My two cousins decide _______a business together.
A. to start B. starting C. start D. started
3.（2019﹒江苏无锡）—Do you watch Peppa Pig on TV? It’s so funny!
—Well, no, to be __________, I think it’s quite silly.
A. curious B. brave C. gentle D. honest
4.（2019﹒天津）Tony was drawing a picture_______ I was doing my homework.
A. if B. because C. while D. until
5. (2019﹒厦门)—These schoolbags look cool.________ are they?
—They are on sale, only $ 69.
A. How much　　 B. How long　　 C. How many
6. (2019﹒济宁)Huang Xiaoming and Angelababy ________ over 10，000，000 yuan to help the poor in 2019.
A. gave up B. gave off
C. gave out D. gave away
7. (2019﹒青岛) William Shakespeare ________ for over 400 years, but his works still have great influence today.
A. died B. was dying
C. has died D. has been dead
8. (2019﹒河北) You bought the last ticket for the concert. How ________ you are!
A. sweet B. lucky
C. strange D. funny
9. (2019﹒眉山)—How happy the grandparents are!
—Yes, they ________ for fifty years.
A. have been married B. have married
C. have got married D. married
10. (2019﹒重庆B)Miss Lin has taught us English ________ we came to this school.
A. for B. since
C. before D. when
11. (2019﹒德州)It's dangerous for you to go out for a walk in the forest ________ at night.
A. on business B. by the way
C. on your own D. on the top
参考答案
基础
I. 单词拼写
1. sweet 2. yard 3. memories 4. soft 5. check
6. toy 7. junior 8. bedroom 9. railway 10. clear
II. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. certain 2. maker 3. has had 4. scarfs/scarves 5. truthful
III. 根据所给的汉语提示完成下列句子
1. give; away 2. don’t; anymore 3. have had
4. how to 5. Check out 6. decided; no longer
7. cleared out 8. To be honest 9. As; seems to
10. As for; give up
IV. 用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
1. As for　 2. Even though　 3. no longer　
4. clearing up 5. thinking about
Ⅴ. 单项填空
1.B【解析】“考虑做某事”是t hink about doing sth.。
2. B【解析】over there是对boy的限定，故第一空是特指，用定冠词the；honest是以元音开头的单词，其 前用an，故选B
3. A【解析】根据句意“至于家庭作业，我们将在星期日做它。” as for意为“至于，关于”与句意相符。
4. A【解析】根据句意“由于某个原因，她没有去上学。” certain之前要加不定冠词a；some之前不必加冠 词a。
5. B【解析】How old多大；How long 多长；How much 多少钱；How soon 多久一次。根据下文，自从我 来到这个学校的第一个月。可知上文问的是时间长短，故选B，你加入这个运动俱乐部多久了？
6. D【解析】根据句意——朱莉说她昨天寄给你一张生日贺卡。你收到了吗？——哦，真的吗？我还没有查 看我的邮箱。 checked与句意相符。
7. A【解析】本题用语法判定法。连系动词sound后接形容词作表语，排除B和D；再根据I like her songs 可知她的声音听起来很甜美，排除C。故选A。
8. D【解析】head头；idea办法；heart心脏；memory记忆力。 句意：露西可以背诵这篇课文。她记忆力 好。所以选D。
9. D【解析】honest的同义词为truthful。
10. B【解析】not...any longer＝no longer不再。句意：我不会再去那个饭店了。那里的食物太差。所以选B。
11. B【解析】句意：这座美丽的房子在出售，但是它不是廉价出售。on在某方面；for为了，因为；with 和……一起；带有。这里考查的是两个固定短语，for sale是待售，出售；on sale是廉价出售，特价出 售。根据句意可知应选B。
12. B【解析】句意：能给我一点面包吗？我觉得有点饿。考查形容词短语辨析题。a bit和a little意思都是 “一点儿”，可修饰动词、形容词、副词和比较级；后接名词时只能是不可数名词，但a little可以直接 作定语修饰名词，而a bit则要在后面加of构成短语才能作定语。根据句意结构，可知选B。
能力
I. 完形填空
【语篇解读】本文讲了热爱邮票的Matt是如何意外获得了自己想要的特殊版本的邮票。
1．C 【解析】句意：他有来自许多国家的邮票，像美国、埃及和中国。A.城市；B.首都；C.国家；D.省份。从like后面的国家看出他的邮票是来自许多不同的国家（countries），故选 C。
2．B 【解析】句意：Matt最喜欢的邮票来自于法国。A.来（动词原形）；B.来（过去时）；C.来（三单形式）D.来（ing形式）。“come from”表示“来自…...”，这里是说Matt的邮票以前来自于法国，需要使用一般过去时，故选B。
3．C 【解析】句意：他只需要一个。A.二；B.什么都没有；C.一；D.三。从后面说的“That was a 1974 special edition”（那是1974年的特殊版本），说明他仅仅需要“一个”，是指这个特殊版本的邮票，故选C。
4．D 【解析】句意：找到是很困难的。A.容易的；B.来（过去时）重要的；C.危险的D.困难的。既然是特殊版本的邮票，所以找到是很困难的，故选 D。
5．B 【解析】句意：但是没有人可以找到邮票。A.某人；B.没人；C.任何人；D.每个人。前面说他让朋友和亲戚帮助他，但是没人（nobody）能找得到，让他很伤心，故选B。
6．D 【解析】句意：当Matt收到信的时候，他非常惊讶。A.得到；B.拿，带（过去时）；C.拿，带；D. 得到（过去时）。“get the letter”表示“得到信件”，这里是在描述过去的事情，需要使用一般过去时，故选D。
7．A 【解析】句意：在信件上面，他仔细看了看邮票。A.信封；B.信；C.书D.包。邮票通常是粘贴在信封上的，所以他是在看着信封上的邮票，故选A。
8．B 【解析】句意：它就是1974年特殊版本的邮票。结合前面提到的，Matt一直想要的是1974版本的邮票，加之后面看出他兴奋的心情，说明这里他看到了那个邮票，故这里选择“1974”年份，故选 B。
9．A 【解析】句意：你确实找到了你的邮票。A.邮票；B.朋友；C.信封；D.信件。这是爸爸的话，是说Matt最后确实得到了自己想要的“邮票”。故选 A。
10．C 【解析】句意：在生活中有两件事是很棒的。A.三；B.四；C.二；D.一。从文章末尾提到的“Friends and patience”（朋友和耐心）说明生活中拥有这两件事是很好的，故选C。
II. 阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】文章大意：这篇短文主要介绍了电脑伤害不是突然发生的而是慢慢形成的，所以我们要学会安全地使用电脑。文章介绍了电脑对眼睛、手及手腕、背部的伤害以及具体防护办法。
1. C【解析】细节理解题。根据下文But computer injuries happen slowly.但是电脑的伤害是慢慢发生的，可知 这里是说：电脑可以“伤害”你，所以“injure”意思是“伤害”，故答案选C。
2. D【解析】细节理解题。根据下文Your eyes should be at least 50 centimeters from the screen.可知，你的眼 睛应该距离屏幕至少50厘米，故答案选D。
3. D【解析】细节理解题。根据下文Stop sometimes and exercise your hands, wrists and fingers in a different way. 可知，为了保护你的手和手腕，你应该停止玩电脑并锻炼你的手和手腕，结合选项，故答案选D。
4. B【解析】推理判断题。根据If you sit in a wrong way, you can injure your back or your neck.可知，如果你的 坐姿错误，就会伤到背部或脖子，而不是对手腕和手指造成伤害，所以A选项错误；根据The top part of the screen should be in front of your eyes.可知，电脑屏幕的上部应该在你的眼睛前面，即眼睛应该和电脑 屏幕的顶端高度相同，所以B选项正确；根据Remember to look away from it sometimes. This gives your eyes a rest.和If you are sitting for a long time, get up every 30 minutes and exercise your arms, legs and neck. 可知要不时的把目光移开屏幕让眼睛休息，如果坐的时间长了要每30分钟站起来活动，而不是每两个 小时休息一次，所以C选项错误；根据If you are sitting for a long time, get up every 30 minutes and exercise your arms, legs and neck.可知，如果你坐了好长时间，应该每30分钟站起来活动你的胳膊、腿和脖子， 而不是长时间的坐在屏幕前玩电脑，所以D选项错误。本题问哪一项是正确的，故答案选B。
5. A【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章中介绍了电脑对眼睛、手及手腕、背部的伤害以及具体防护办法，以及 最后的总结Enjoy your computer, but use it safely.享受你的电脑，但要安全使用；可知本文主要告诉我们 如何安全使用电脑，结合选项，故答案选A。
B
【语篇解读】文章讲述了不同的颜色对人的思想和感受有不同的影响，以及在生活中我们应该如何巧妙利用不同的颜色以取得更好的效果。
6. C【解析】词义猜测题。根据下文所举的例子Then weigh the two boxes with your hands. Which one is heavier? Most people will think that the red box is heavier, even though they weigh the same. 可知不同颜色的包装， 会让人对同重量的东西产生错觉，即使得某人有错误的想法，故答案选C。
7. B【解析】细节理解题。结合最后一段中句子Hospitals and libraries seldom paint their walls，tables and desks red．They use light colors，like light blue or green.可知医院和图书馆很少把墙壁、桌子和写字台漆成红 色，他们使用浅色，如浅蓝色或绿色，故答案选B。
8. A【解析】细节理解题。结合第五段中句子Scientists have found that students spend more time reading if they read information written in blue text．Blue helps most people calm down and think more．科学家发现，如果 学生们用蓝色文字阅读信息，他们会花更多的时间阅读，蓝色帮助大多数人冷静下来思考，故答案选A。
9. D【解析】推理分析题。A根据第二段最后一句green and blue help make people feel more quiet and safe.绿 色和蓝色能使人们感觉更安静更安全，所以绿色有助于休息，故A正确；B根据第三段最后一句Scientists have found that many colors have specific effects (效果) on people’s mind and feelings.科学家们已经发现不 同的颜色有不同的影响，可知科学家们已经发现颜色之间的差别，故B正确；C根据第一段第一句When you get tired of homework, several minutes’ walk in a nearby green park helps you relax at once.可知当你厌 倦了家庭作业，你应该在附近的绿色公园散步几分钟就可以让你立刻放松下来，在公园散步暗含的意 思也就是看看绿色植物，故C正确；D选项意思是这篇文章清楚地告诉我们为什么有些颜色是温暖的， 其它颜色是凉爽的，本文全篇在讲颜色的影响，但并没有讲有些颜色是温暖的，有些颜色是凉爽的， 故D错误。本题问哪一个选项是不正确的，故答案选D。
10. C【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了不同的颜色对人的思想和感受有不同的影响，从而 告诉我们在日常生活中如何巧妙利用不同的颜色以取得更好的效果，故答案选C。
III. 语法填空
【语篇解读】短文主要讲了不同国家之间的餐桌礼仪，同样的行为在不同国家有不同的要求。文章具体介绍了一些国家的餐桌礼仪，如英国，中国，日本，蒙古，墨西哥等国家的餐桌礼仪。
1. ways 句意：不同国家的人有不同的做事方式。way可数名词，“方式、方法”；different后接可数名 词复数，故答案填ways。
2. impolite 句意：在一个国家看似礼貌的行为在另一个国家也许就是很不礼貌的。根据上文提到不同国 家的人有不同的做事方式，可知此处表示在一个国家看似礼貌的行为在另一个国家也许就是 很不礼貌的，所以这里应填polite的反义词impolite，故答案填impolite。
3. having 句意：在英国，当你喝汤的时候，你不能把碗举到嘴边。因为空格前面是系动词are，所以此 处应用have的现在分词形式来做表语，故答案填having。
4. about 句意：而在日本你甚至不用担心喝汤时弄出声音。worry about固定词组，意思是“担心”，其 中about是介词，后接动词的ing形式，故答案填about。
5. visitor 句意：如果你是蒙古的一名游客，当地人会喜欢你怎样的行为方式呢? 提示词visit是动词， 意思是“参观、访问”，根据句意可知此处应填一个名词形式“游客”，即visitor；因为前面有不 定冠词a，所以这里应用其单数形式，故答案填visitor。
6. eating 句意：他们会希望看到你在吃完饭之后打一个大大的饱嗝，这显示了你对食物的喜爱。eat动 词，意思是“吃、吃饭”；finish doing sth.固定搭配，意思是“做完某事”，故答案填eating。
7. expected 句意：然而在墨西哥，客人们在吃饭时则应该把手放在桌面上。分析句子结构可知此处是be+ 动词过去分词，表示被动，意思是客人们被期望把手放在桌子上，expect的过去分词为expected， 故答案填expected。
8. be 句意：但是在阿拉伯国家，你的手必须非常小心。be careful固定词组，意思是“小心”，因为 前面有情态动词must，所以此处应用be的原形形式，故答案填be。
9. if 句意：那么，如果你去另一个国家旅游你该怎么做呢？由题干可知本句是if引导的条件状语 从句，所以此处应填if，意思是“如果”，固定答案填if。
10. carefully 句意：你可以向当地人请教帮助你，或者只是仔细观察并模仿当地人的行为即可。careful形 容词，“小心的”；分析句子结构可知此处应填副词形式来修饰前面的动词watch，与careful 相对应的副词为carefully，故答案填carefully。
真题
1. C 【解析】句意：——连接徐州和连云港的高铁项目还有多久完成？——大约2年后。A. How long多长，主要对做某事用多长时间进行提问；B. How far 多远，提问两地距离；C. How soon过多久，指将来某个动作发生这段时间提问，常用于一般将来时态中，D. How often多久，对频率进行提问,根据In about two years. 大约2年后，可知问过多久完成，故选C。
2. A 【解析】句意：我的两个表兄弟决定一起创业。本题考查固定搭配。decide to do sth是固定搭配，意思是“决定去做某事”，结合选项，可知A选项符合题意，故答案选A。
3. D 【解析】句意：——你在电视上观看《小猪佩奇》了吗？真有趣！——嗯，不，说实话，我认为它很愚蠢。A. curious好奇的；B. brave勇敢的；C. gentle高尚的；D. honest诚实的。to be honest的意思是“说实话”，否定对方的观点，提出自己的观点，结合语境可知，答案为D。
4. C 【解析】句意：Tony 正在画画，而我在做作业。本题考查连词。由前后两句话的 was doing 能发现是两个过去进行时的动作，因此可以选用 while 链接，属于时间状语从句。与 A. if 引导的条件状语从句和 B. because 引导的原因状语从句无关。而 D. until 表示直到，与原句逻辑关系不符。故正确答案为C。
5. A 【解析】句意：——这些书包看起来很酷。他们多少钱？——他们正在甩卖，只卖69美元。How much多少钱，对价格提问；how long多长时间，对时间段提问；how many 多少，对数量提问。根据They are on sale, only $69.可知此处询问价格，故选A。
6. D 【解析】句意：黄晓明和Angelababy在2019年为帮助贫困的人捐了1000多万元。give up放弃；give off发出，散发；give out分发；give away赠送。故选D。
7. D 【解析】通过句子“威廉﹒莎士比亚已经去世了400年，但他的作品今天仍旧有巨大的影响“的意思和for 400 years可知本句是表达这种去世的状态已经持续400年了，所以本题应为现在完成时态，其构成为has/have+过去分词；A 为一般过去时不符，B 过去进行时也不符，die是终止性动词，不能与for/since短语连用，排除C，所以这里应用be dead表示状态，可以延续，后面可以用for接一段时间的词；主语为单数用has，就变成了has been dead，故答案为D。
8. B 【解析】sweet甜的；lucky幸运的；strange陌生的；funny滑稽的；根据上句You bought the last ticket for the concert．可知是幸运的，故选B。
9. A 【解析】句意：——那对老爷爷老奶奶多幸福啊！——是的，他们已经结婚50年了。根据答语中的for fifty years可知用现在完成时，排除D项;动词marry与动词短语get married是非延续性概念，不能与表示时间段的状语连用，故排除B与D两项。与表示时间段的状语连用时用be married的形式，故选A。
10. B 【解析】 句意：林老师自我们入校以来就教我们英语。for后接时间段；since意为“自……以来”，后接时间点或一般过去时的句子；before意为“在……之前”；when意为“当……的时候”。
11. C 【解析】句意：对你来说夜里独自在森林里散步是危险的。on one's own独自地。