北师大版高中英语模块4 Unit 12 Culture 话题语言应用——文化冲击
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| 名称 | 北师大版高中英语模块4 Unit 12 Culture 话题语言应用——文化冲击 |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 北师大版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-11-11 22:18:27 | ||
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话题语言应用——文化冲击
语言积累
交际用语
1. 提出建议（making suggestions） I’d like to suggest … 我想建议……
How /What about…? … 怎么样……？ Let’s… 让我们……
Let me say that… 我的意思是……
What do you think…? 你怎么认为……？ What if we … ? 若是……我们会怎么样呢？ Why don’t we …? 我们为什么不……？ I think we should… 我想我们应该……
Maybe we could… 或许我们能够……
2. 谈论爱好（Talking about preference） It makes me feel happy/comfortable/confident/cheerful… 让我感到很高兴/舒服/自信/快乐……
I prefer/hate … because… 我喜欢/讨厌……因为…… If I’m worried / frightened/concerned about/ …I prefer to … 如果我要是担忧/害怕/ 在意……的话……我愿意……
I (don’t) enjoy / appreciate/ understand/… because… 我不喜欢/欣赏/明白……因为……
I find if I listen to … I feel… 我发现我要是听……我感觉……
I attach great importance to … 我非常重视……
I really like … I love … because …我确实很喜欢……因为……
I admire … because … 我很羡慕……因为…… His /Her music is … 他/ 她的音乐是…… It makes me feel… 它让我感觉…… He /She is outstanding / wonderful/attractive… 他/她很出色/有魅力……
He /She encourage people to go on… 他/她鼓励人们继续……
拓展阅读：
The?culture shocks between the East and West
The?culture differences between the East and West. As we know ,there are so many differences between culture of the East and West that I can not list all of their different aspects. I will focus on the differences of diet custom and teaching system. For your better understanding ,I will set examples of China and America.???It is no doubt that it is a tradition to use chopsticks for Chinese. But people in America prefer to forks and knives. This different result is based on different food they like .Americans choose to eat beefsteak, bread and salad, while Chinese people choose noodles ,pancakes and rice.
What is more, the custom of drinking tea in China and?drinking coffee in America are stand out particularly. However, there is a trend that the food in both countries has been mixture. For example, the coffee and bread have introduced to China. The famous KFC is very popular at children. The gap of teaching system between China and America is big Chinese students always complain about their homework. Too much homework has limited the time to exercise and relax. They have to recite many things as to get a high mark. Homework comes the first to them. In my opinion, the study in America is more interesting .Teachers pay attentions to training students skills in thinking in realistic life not to emphasis on the importance of memories. In a addition, the rate of going to school ,the salary of teaching ,and the job of graduates are quite different too. I should say that China government should make great efforts to improve its teaching system. I also expect to be one day ,the West give more cheers to our country.
写作运用：
书信的分类
英文的书信大致可分为事务信件和私人信件两大类。前者指单位之间或单位与个人之间的公务往来信件；后者指亲朋好友之间的信件。由于英文书信的涉及面广，故根据不同的用途和作用还可细分为社交书信、商业书信、私人书信和其他书信。一般说来，事务信件或商务信函的文体、语言和格式都较正式(formal)，而私人信件和一般社交性的信件属非正式(informal)的信件。 值得注意的是，目前，社会事务和对外贸易方面的信函中，非正式的事务性信件越来越多，这是英文书信在行文风格和语言上的一大变化。
英语信函的组成部分
1. 信端(Heading)，即信头。即寄信人的地址和日期，写在信笺的右上角。
2. 信内地址(1nsideAddress)，即收信人的姓名和地址，写在左上角，比右上角 的日期约低两行。
3. 称呼(Salutation)，即对收信人的敬称或称谓，其位置在信内地址的下两行处， 并与之平头。
4. 正文(Body)，即信函的内容。
5. 结束语(Complimentary Close)，即写信人表示自己对收信人的一种谦称。
6. 签名(Signature)，即写信人的姓名。
7. 附件(Enclosure)，缩写成Encl。
8. 再启或又及(Postscript)，缩写成P．S·用于补叙信的正文中遗漏的话。
以上八项内容中，第一项至第六项是英语信函的主要组成部分，一般不可缺少。第七项和第八项是否需要，则视具体情况而定。
范文示例： (Informal Personal Letters)
May 8, 1994
Dear Daniel,
Thank you very much for the wonderful holiday vacation I spent with you and your family. Your mother is such a terrific cook! I think I must have gained 10 pounds in just a week I spent with you. I really appreciate your taking time off from work to take me around and show me so many places. You are lucky to live in such an interesting area. I hope that you will be able to visit my part of the country soon. Thank you again for a wonderful time. Let's keep in touch.
Best regards,
Matthew
巩固练习
单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
1. The British Isles are a group of islands, ______ the western coast of Europe.
A. lies of B. lying off C. laying on D. lay on
2. I hope this book will be ______ to beginners of English.
A. some help B. of helpful
C. of very help D. of some help
3. —Do you think that Tom’s idea is OK?
— . Maybe Mike’s better.
A. Yes, I think B. No, I don’t think so
C. Of course D. It’s not good
4. Because of the heavy traffic, it was already time for lunch break ______ she got to her office.
A. since B. that C. when D. until
5. This lack of definitiveness makes art difficult ______.
A. controlling B. controlled C. to control D. be controlled
6. — I am going to change my present job.
— But ______ you fail?
A. what about B. so what C. what if D. what for
7. — How about going for a picnic?
— Great! But finding a date that ______ us all is very difficult.
A. matches B. suits C. fits D. satisfies
8. Our new house is very ______ for me as I can get to the office in five minutes.
A. convenient B. comfortable C. natural D. helpful
9. — Mum, it is nice weather. I want to skate this afternoon.
—Don’t you think the ice on the lake is too thin to ______ your weight?
A. stand B. bear C. catch D. take
10. Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet ______ life has developed gradually.
A. that B. where C. which D. whose
11. Let’s say goodbye and I’ll meet you again on October 5, if ______.
A. you are convenient B. you will be convenient
C. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient to you
12. When we heard our team won the football match, all of us ______.
A. get exciting B. are getting exciting
C. got excited D. getting excited
13. They were ______ by the traffic accident ______ the exam.
A. stopped; taking B. stopping; taking
C. stopped; from taking D. stopping; from taking
14. Alexander tried to get his work ______ in the medical circles.
A. to recognize B. recognizing
C. recognize D. recognized
15. — What about the person?
— Seldom in all my life ______ such a ______ person.
A. I met; determining B. have I met; determining
C. do I meet; determined D. have I met; determined
完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
Jack threw the proposal onto my desk, his eyes flashing with anger.
“What is the matter?” I asked.
“Never make any 1 on my article without my permission, okay?”With this, he whirled away, leaving me sitting at the desk 2 inwardly.
I had been warned that such a matter would probably happen, but I had never 3 it came so soon.
Two days later, he did another thing that 4 me even worse. I wept very sadly by myself for a long while. Then I rushed into his 5 . I was ready to hand in my resignation but I must have him know what I thought of him 6 doing it.
“Jack, you shouldn’t treat me that way. Nobody has even spoken to me so 7 . You should be 8 to your men.”
Jack looked up at me, puzzled and smiling restlessly and stiffly. I closed my 9 for a second and then said, “I promise you I’ll be your 10 . I’ll go on treating you politely and respectfully because this is what you deserve. And 11 should deserve the equal treatment.” I stood up and closed the door 12 behind me.
During the rest weekends, Jack tried to 13 seeing me. The proposals, directions and letters would 14 on my desk during lunchtime and be taken away at the next lunchtime. One day I put some biscuits on Jack’s desk. Another day, I left a 15 on his desk, saying, “Wish you a happy day!” But we still seldom met each other.
Three months after the talk, I got a serious 16 and was sent to hospital. In the evening all my colleagues came to see me. Soon after they left, I heard a 17 knock on the door; then slowly in came a(n) 18 , a bundle of flowers in his hand, and a bright 19 lighting up his face. I felt my 20 was smiling.
1. A. decisions B. changes C. mistakes D. progress
2. A. angry B. happy C. sorry D. disappointed
3. A. hoped B. realized C. found D. expected
4. A. interested B. pleased C. hurt D. worried
5. A. office B. home C. desk D. direction
6. A. after B. before C. while D. in
7. A. rudely B. properly C. angrily D. strictly
8. A. hard B. polite C. calm D. thankful
9. A. mouth B. door C. eyes D. window
10. A. enemy B. boss C. partner D. friend
11. A. everybody B. somebody C. nobody D. people
12. A. heavily B. quickly C. gently D. tightly
13. A. enjoy B. avoid C. consider D. miss
14. A. appear B. show C. come D. expose
15. A. letter B. box C. book D. note
16. A. problem B. fever C. look D. conversation
17. A. loud B. weak C. hesitant D. continuous
18. A. man B. colleague C. friend D. official
19. A. color B. sunshine C. smile D. expression
20. A. face B. heart C. eyes D. mouth
阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
A
Why is pink or purple a color for girls and blue or brown for boys?
The answer depends largely on cultural values as well as personal experiences. To the Egyptians, green is a color that represents the hope and joy of spring, while for Muslims, it means heaven. Red is a symbol of good luck in many cultures. In China, children are given money in a red envelope to bring good fortune in the New Year. For many nations, blue is a symbol of protection and religious beliefs. Greek people often wear a blue necklace hoping to protect themselves against evils（灾祸）.
People’s choice of colors is also influenced by their bodies’ reactions（反应）toward them. Green is said to be the most restful color. It has the ability to reduce pain and relax people both mentally and physically. People who work in green environments have been found to have fewer stomach aches.
Red can cause a person’s blood pressure to rise and increase people’s appetites（食欲）.Many decorators will include different shades of red in the restaurant. Similarly, many commercial websites will have a red “Buy Now” button because red is a color that easily catches a person’s eye.
Blue is another calming color. Unlike red, blue can cause people to lose appetite. So if you want to eat less, some suggest that eating from blue plates can help.
The next time you are deciding on what to wear or what color to decorate your room, think about the color carefully.
1. Muslims regard green as a symbol of heaven mainly because of their ______.
A. cultural values B. commercial purposes
C. personal experiences D. physical reactions to the color
2. Why will many commercial websites have a red “Buy Now” button?
A. To relax people physically. B. To increase people’s appetites.
C. To encourage people to make a purchase. D. To cause a person’s blood pressure to rise.
3. What color might help lose weight according to the text?
A. Red. B. Green. C. Blue. D. Purple.
4. Which of the following would be the most proper title for the text?
A. Colors and Human Beings B. The Cultural Meaning of Color
C. Colors and Personal Experiences D. The Meaning and Function of Color
B
Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships. For example, in American culture（文化）the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses. A woman’s smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child. A smile may show love or politeness. It can also hide true feelings. It often causes confusion（困惑）across cultures. For example, many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities).Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians don’t smile enough. In Southeast Asian cultures, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.
Our faces show emotions （情感）, but we should not attempt to “read” people from another culture as we would “read” someone from our own culture. The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions. Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressiveness permitted. For example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.
It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States. People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others. The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly.
5. What does the smile usually mean in the U.S.?
A. Love. B. Politeness. C. Joy. D. Thankfulness.
6. The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that a smile can ________.
A. show friendliness to strangers B. be used to hide true feelings
C. be used in the wrong places D. show personal habits
7. What should we do before attempting to “read” people?
A. Learn about their relations with others. B. Understand their cultural backgrounds.
C. Find out about their past experience. D. Figure out what they will do next.
8. What would be the best title for the text?
A. Cultural Differences B. Smiles and Relationships
C. Facial Expressiveness D. Habits and Emotions[C
Ethiopia—One of the world’s most famous fossils（化石）—the 3.2 million-year-old Lucy skeleton（骨骼）unearthed in Ethiopia in 1974—will go on an exhibition tour abroad for the first time in the United States, officials said Tuesday.
Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy twice. The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in the capital, Addis Ababa, is a replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom. A team from the Museum of National Science in Houston, Texas, spent four years discussing with the Ethiopians for the U.S. tour, which will start in Houston next September.
“Ethiopia’s rich culture of both the past and today, is one of the best kept secrets in the world,” said Joel Bartsch, director of the Houston museum.
The six-year tour will also go to Washington, New York, Denver and Chicago. Officials said six other U.S. cities may be on the tour. But they said plans had not yet been worked out.
Traveling with Lucy will be 190 other fossils.
Lucy, her name taken from a Beatles song that played in a camp the night of her discovery, is part of the skeleton of what was once 3-foot-tall ape-man（猿人）.
9. The author writes this text mainly to________ .
A. introduce a few U.S. museums B. describe some research work
C. discuss the value of an ape-man D. report a coming event
10. What do the words “a replica” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. A painting of the skeleton. B. A photograph of Lucy.
C. A copy of the skeleton. D. A written record of Lucy
11. How many cities has Lucy’s U.S. tour plan already included?
A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. D. Eleven.
12. What was the skeleton named after?
A. An ape-man. B. A song. C. A singer. D. A camp.
D
There were smiling children all the way. Clearly they knew at what time the rain passed their homes and they made it their business to stand along the railway, wave to complete strangers and cheer them up as they rushed towards Penang. Often whole families stood outside their homes and waved and smiled as if those on the trains were their favorite relatives. This is the simple village people of Malaysia. I was moved.
I had always traveled to Malaysia by plane or car, so this was the first time I was on a train. I did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread. I looked about the train. There was not one familiar face. I sighed and sat down to read my Economics.
It was not long before the train was across the Causeway and in Malaysia. Johore Baru was just another city like Singapore, so I was tired of looking at the crowds of people as they hurried past. As we went beyond the city, I watched the straight rows of rubber trees and miles and miles of green. Then the first village came into sight. Immediately I came alive; I decided to wave back.
From then on my journey became interesting. I threw my magazines into the waste basket and decided to join in Malaysia life. Then everything came alive. The mountains seemed to speak to me. Even the trees were smiling. I stared at everything as if I was looking at it for the first time.
The day passed and I even forgot to have my lunch until I felt hungry. I looked at my watch and was surprised that it was 3:00pm. Soon the train pulled up at Butterworth. I looked at the people all around me. They all looked beautiful. When my uncle arrived with a smile, I threw my arms around him to give him a warm hug. I had never done this before. He seemed surprised and then his weather-beaten face warmed up with a huge smile. We walked arm in arm to his car.
I looked forward to the return journey.
13.The author expected the train trip to be .
A. adventurous B. pleasant C. exciting D. dull
14. What did the author remember most fondly of her train trip?
A. The friendly country people. B. The mountains along the way.
C. The crowds of people in the streets. D. The simple lunch served on the train.
15. Which of the following words can best take the place of the word “relish” in the second paragraph?
A. choose B. enjoy C. prepare for D. carry on
16. Where was the writer going?
A. Johore Baru. B. The Causeway. C. Butterworth. D. Singapore.
17. What can we learn from the story?.
A. Comfort in traveling by train. B. Pleasure of living in the country.
C. Reading gives people delight. D. Smiles brighten people up.
E
Sunday is more like Monday than it used to be. Places of business that used to keep daytime “business hours” are now open late into the night. And on the Internet, the hour of the day and the day of the week have become irrelevant（不相关的）. A half century ago in the United States, most people experienced strong and precise dividing lines between days of rest and days of work, school time and summer time. Today the boundaries still exist, but they seem not clear.
The law in almost all states used to require stores to close on Sunday; in most, it no longer does. It used to keep the schools open in all seasons except summer; in most, it still does. And whether the work week should strengthen its legal limits, or whether it should become more “flexible,” is often debated. How should we, as a society, organize our time? Should we go even further in relaxing the boundaries of time until we live in a world in which every minute is much like every other?
These are not easy questions even to ask. Part of the difficulty is that we rarely recognize the “law of time” even when we meet it face to face. We know as children that we have to attend school a certain number of hours, a certain number of days, a certain number of years—but unless we meet the truant officer（学监）,we may well think that we should go to school due to social custom and parents’ demand rather than to the law. As adults we are familiar with “extra pay for overtime working,” but less familiar with the fact that what constitutes（构成）“overtime” is a matter of legal definition. When we turn the clock forward to start daylight-saving time, have we ever thought to ourselves: “Here is the law in action”? As we shall see, there is a lot of law that has great influence on how we organize and use time: compulsory education law, overtime law, and daylight-saving Law —as well as law about Sunday closing, holidays, being late to work, time zones, and so on. Once we begin to look for it , we will have no trouble finding a law of time to examine and assess.
18. The author raises the questions in Paragraph 2 to introduce the fact that people ______.
A. fail to make full use of their time B. enjoy working overtime for extra pay
C. are unaware of the law of time D. welcome flexible working hours
19. According to the passage, most children tend to believe that they go to school because they ______.
A. need to acquire knowledge B. have to obey their parents
C. need to find companions D. have to observe the law
20. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Our life is governed by the law of time.
B. How to organize time is not worth debating.
C. New ways of using time change our society.
D. Our time schedule is decided by social customs.
语法填空
Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult?___1___?was to choose a?suitable Christmas present for her father. She wished that he was as easy?___2___?(please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume.
Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not?___3___?pleasant experience：people stepped on your feet or?___4___?(push) you with their elbows(肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.
Jane paused in front of a counter?___5___?some attractive ties were on display. “They are real silk,” the assistant tried to attract her. “Worth double the price.” But Jane knew from past experience that her?__6___?(choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.
Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes?___7___?sale. She did not hesitate for long:?although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please?___8___.
When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already?___9___?table having supper.?Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane?___10___?(inform).?
书面表达（满分25分）
假设你是李津，你的美国朋友Chris就读于天津某国际学校。他热爱中国文化，特别是戏曲文化。8月5日下午2：00在新落成的天津大剧院将上演越剧《梁山伯与祝英台》。请你根据以下提示，用英语给Chris写一封电子邮件，邀请他一起观看演出。
★提出邀请并简述原因；
★提出观剧后的活动建议（如参观附近的博物馆或美术馆等）；
★请求对方回复。
注意：1.请使用规范英语，词数不少于100；
2.可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连 贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：
越剧 Shaoxing Opera
《梁山伯与祝英台》Butterfly Lovers
天津大剧院TianJin Grand Theatre[
Dear Chris,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________
答案与解析
单项填空
1. B lie off意为“位于（海岸）”，此处要用动词的现在分词形式作定语，相当于一个定语从句。
2. D “of+抽象名词”相当于一个形容词，在句中作表语或定语。very是副词，不能修饰名词，所以C项不正确。
3. B 本题考查交际用语。由答语的后半句可知To汤姆的想法并不好，故答案选B。
4. C 句意：由于交通堵塞，当她到达办公室的时候已经是吃午饭的时间了。由句意可知，应是表达时间“当……的时候”，应用when。
5. C “形容词+不定式”作make的宾语补足语，相当于“形容词+不定式”作表语，不定式可用主动形式表示被动含义。
6. C what if意为“如果……怎么样”，后接句子。
7. B match意为“与……相配/相称”；suit sb.意为“适合某人”；fit一般指（衣服、鞋帽等）“合身”；satisfy一般指满足需要。均不符合句意。
8. A convenient意为“方便的”。
9. B stand意为“忍耐；忍受”；bear意为“忍受；容忍；支撑（重量或重物）；承担（责任）”。catch“赶上；抓住”；take“拿；取”。
10. B 句意：斯蒂芬·霍金认为：地球不大可能是有生命进化现象的唯一星球。限制性定语从句中缺少地点状语，where在此处引导定语从句，作地点状语，修饰先行词planet。A、C、D三项都不能在句中作状语。
11. C convenient一般用it作主语（指时间、方式等；要避免汉语思维的干扰）；if 引导的条件状语从句的一般将来时要用一般现在时来表示。
12. C get excited感到兴奋。
13. C 句意：交通事故阻止了他们参加考试。此处应用被动语态，stop sb.(from)doing sth.阻止某人做某事。该短语在被动语态的情况下from不能省略。
14. D 句意：亚历山大努力想让他的工作在医学领域得到认可。get/have sth. done为固定用法，意为“使某事被……”sth.与done 之间是被动关系。此处recognize意为“认可；赏识”。
15. D seldom放在句首时，后面的句子要用部分倒装语序，而且后面的语境表示：一生中（到讲话时为止），从来没有遇到过这样意志坚强的人。所以要用完成时态。
完形填空
1. B make a change或make changes意为“修改”。
2. A 本句句意：……使我内心很生气的坐在桌子旁。故用angry。
3. D expect“预料；料想到”。本句句意：……但我从没有料到它来得如此之快。
4. C 根据后文的wept“啜泣”可知，我的内心受到伤害。
5. A 本句句意：我冲进他的办公室。用office。
6. B 此处意思为“我已经准备好了辞职信，但在我交给他之前，我得让他知道我是怎么认为他的”。
7. A 所填词修饰speak，应用副词，根据上下文，应用rudely“粗鲁的”，符合文意。
8. B 本句句意：你应该对你的雇员有礼貌。
9. C 根据上下文可知此处应该是“我闭上眼睛一会儿（为了消火气）”。故用eyes。
10. D 本句句意：我相信我会成为你的好朋友。故用friend。
11. A 此处所填词表整体。应该用everybody。
12. C 此处表示我礼貌的关上门。应该是gently。
13. B avoid“避免”，后跟动词-ing形式。
14. A appear“出现”。本句句意：杰克在给我安排工作时，都是趁我不在办公室时，把材料放在我的办公桌上。
15. D 根据后文的saying可知我给他留的是“便条（note）”。
16. B 由后文的was sent to hospital可知作者是生病了，故用fever。
17. C hesitant“迟疑的；犹豫的”。
18. A 由后文的his可知此处用man。
19. C 根据后文的his face可知用smile。
20. B 本句句意：我感到我的心在笑。故用heart。
阅读理解
1. A 解析：本题考查细节理解和语篇逻辑关系。第二段谈到了埃及人和伊斯兰教信徒对于绿色的不同理解。这一内容是作为论据论证本段的主题句“The answer depends largely on cultural values as well as personal experiences.”，该主题句侧重的是“cultural values”，而不是“personal experiences”，故选A。
2. C 解析：本题考查细节理解。根据第四段最后一句“...many commercial websites will have a red ‘Buy Now’ button because red is a color that easily catches a person’s eye.”可知，商业网站选用红色作为“现在就买”的按钮颜色是因为红色容易吸引人的注意力，商业网站吸引访客显然是为了多推销商品，故选C。
3. C 解析：本题考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“...blue can cause people to lose appetite. So if you want to eat less, some suggest that eating from blue plates can help.”可知，蓝色有助于减少人的食欲,从而帮助减肥。
4. D 解析：本题考查文章的主旨大意。本文首段提出话题“为什么女孩子喜欢粉红色或紫色，而男孩子喜欢蓝色和棕色？”，接下来从两个方面对此问题做出回答：一是文化价值的影响（第2段），二是人体对于颜色的反应（第3~5段），最后一段是对全文的总结。第二段讨论的是不同文化下对于颜色含义理解的异同，可用“the meaning of color”来概括，第三至第五段讨论的是颜色对于人体反应的作用，即“the fun_ction of color”。故选D。A项中的Human Beings过于宽泛；B项只能概括第二段；C项可概括第3~5段，但没有概括第二段，均不符合文意。
5. C 解析：细节理解题。据第一段第二句“...in American culture（文化）the smile is in general an expression of pleasure.”可知在美国微笑是高兴的体现，故答案为C项joy，意为“高兴”。
6. B 解析：细节理解题。据文章第一段最后两句“In Southeast Asian cultures, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people...”可知在东南亚的文化中，微笑是用来掩盖痛苦的情感的，故答案应为B项“被用来掩盖真实的情感”。A项是美国人的行为；C项为俄罗斯人认为美国人在错误的场合下微笑；D项文中没有提到。
7. B 解析：细节理解题。首先根据第二段第一句“...but we should not attempt to ‘read’ people from another culture as we would ‘read’ someone from our own culture.”可知我们不能用“解读”自己（国家）文化中成员的方法去“解读”其他（国家）文化中的成员。故答案为B，表示“在解读别人之前要先了解其文化背景”。
8. C 解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一句话可知本文主要论述“facial expressions”（面部表情）。A项外延太大；B项内涵过小；D项不全面。
9. D 解析：主旨大意题。纵观整篇文章可知，这篇报道主要介绍了将在美国巡回展出世界上最著名的化石之一“Lucy”。故为“报道一件即将到来的事件”。
10. C 解析：词义猜测题。本题可以根据画线词后的“…while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom.”进行推测。“while”表示转折，所以画线词肯定与“real”语意相反，故答案应为C，意为“一个骨骼的复制品”。A项为“骨骼的画像”；B项为“Lucy的照片”；D项为“Lucy的书面记录”。
11. B 解析：细节理解题。据文章第二段最后一句中的“...which will start in Houston...”和第四段第一句中的“...will also go to Washington, New York, Denver and Chicago.”可知已经确定的展出城市为5个。
12. B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Lucy, her name taken from a Beatles song...”可知化石的名字来自于甲壳虫乐队的一首歌。
13. D 推理判断题。由第二段第二句“I did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread.”可推测出作者预想这次火车旅行是乏味的。
14. A 细节理解题。由文章第一段及第三段最后两句可以看出整个旅途中，作者深深铭记的是友好的村民。
15. B 词义猜测题。根据relish所在的句子及该句后的其他描写作者行为的句子可推知relish的意思是“享受；喜欢”。
16. C 细节理解题。 由倒数第二段可知作者要去的地方是“Butterworth.”。
17. D 推理判断题。 从作者开始感到无趣到后来给叔叔一个“warm hug”可推断出，作者的情感变化归因于铁路沿线的人们的微笑，所以可以说“Smiles brighten people up.”。
18. C 推理判断题。作者提出问题的目的在于引起人们对时间法则（the law of time）的重视。
19. B 细节理解题。由第三段第三句“We know as children that … rather than to the law.”可知。
20. A 主旨大意题。本文讲述的是人们在工作、休息等方面时间观念逐渐模糊所引发的一些现象，从而提醒人们应遵守时间法则（the law of time）。
语法填空
1. it。it在宾语从句中用作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father。
2. to please。Sb. is easy to do sth.是英语中的固定句型。
3. a。experience表示经历为可数名词，这里指一次愉快的经历。
4. pushed。因与stepped并列，故要用一般过去时。
5. where。where在此引导定语从句，表示地点。
6. choice。由于是用在形容词性物主代词后，所以只能用其名词形式。
7. on。on sale是固定搭配，意为“出售”。
8. him。由于给父亲买礼物，所以应该是使父亲高兴。please him的意思是“使他高兴”。
9. at。at table表示“在餐桌边”“在进餐”，是习惯搭配。
10. was informed。根据句意，此处应用一般过去时，又因Jane与inform之间为被动关系，?故填was informed。
书面表达
Dear Chris,
I have good news to tell you. The masterpiece of the famous Shaoxing Opera—Butterfly Lovers will be put on at 2 o’clock p.m., Aug.5th in Tianjin Grand Theatre. I’m looking forward to your showing up in the theatre, for, as far as I know, you are enthusiastic about Chinese traditional culture, particularly Chinese opera. I’m certain that you will devote yourself to watching it at that time and be attracted by its wonderful and moving plot.
After the performance, I’m eager to show you around some places of interest, or some culture centers of Tianjin, such as the museum and the art gallery.
I will appreciate it if you immediately make a reply to me. And I sincerely long to meet you early.
Yours
Li Jin
语言积累
交际用语
1. 提出建议（making suggestions） I’d like to suggest … 我想建议……
How /What about…? … 怎么样……？ Let’s… 让我们……
Let me say that… 我的意思是……
What do you think…? 你怎么认为……？ What if we … ? 若是……我们会怎么样呢？ Why don’t we …? 我们为什么不……？ I think we should… 我想我们应该……
Maybe we could… 或许我们能够……
2. 谈论爱好（Talking about preference） It makes me feel happy/comfortable/confident/cheerful… 让我感到很高兴/舒服/自信/快乐……
I prefer/hate … because… 我喜欢/讨厌……因为…… If I’m worried / frightened/concerned about/ …I prefer to … 如果我要是担忧/害怕/ 在意……的话……我愿意……
I (don’t) enjoy / appreciate/ understand/… because… 我不喜欢/欣赏/明白……因为……
I find if I listen to … I feel… 我发现我要是听……我感觉……
I attach great importance to … 我非常重视……
I really like … I love … because …我确实很喜欢……因为……
I admire … because … 我很羡慕……因为…… His /Her music is … 他/ 她的音乐是…… It makes me feel… 它让我感觉…… He /She is outstanding / wonderful/attractive… 他/她很出色/有魅力……
He /She encourage people to go on… 他/她鼓励人们继续……
拓展阅读：
The?culture shocks between the East and West
The?culture differences between the East and West. As we know ,there are so many differences between culture of the East and West that I can not list all of their different aspects. I will focus on the differences of diet custom and teaching system. For your better understanding ,I will set examples of China and America.???It is no doubt that it is a tradition to use chopsticks for Chinese. But people in America prefer to forks and knives. This different result is based on different food they like .Americans choose to eat beefsteak, bread and salad, while Chinese people choose noodles ,pancakes and rice.
What is more, the custom of drinking tea in China and?drinking coffee in America are stand out particularly. However, there is a trend that the food in both countries has been mixture. For example, the coffee and bread have introduced to China. The famous KFC is very popular at children. The gap of teaching system between China and America is big Chinese students always complain about their homework. Too much homework has limited the time to exercise and relax. They have to recite many things as to get a high mark. Homework comes the first to them. In my opinion, the study in America is more interesting .Teachers pay attentions to training students skills in thinking in realistic life not to emphasis on the importance of memories. In a addition, the rate of going to school ,the salary of teaching ,and the job of graduates are quite different too. I should say that China government should make great efforts to improve its teaching system. I also expect to be one day ,the West give more cheers to our country.
写作运用：
书信的分类
英文的书信大致可分为事务信件和私人信件两大类。前者指单位之间或单位与个人之间的公务往来信件；后者指亲朋好友之间的信件。由于英文书信的涉及面广，故根据不同的用途和作用还可细分为社交书信、商业书信、私人书信和其他书信。一般说来，事务信件或商务信函的文体、语言和格式都较正式(formal)，而私人信件和一般社交性的信件属非正式(informal)的信件。 值得注意的是，目前，社会事务和对外贸易方面的信函中，非正式的事务性信件越来越多，这是英文书信在行文风格和语言上的一大变化。
英语信函的组成部分
1. 信端(Heading)，即信头。即寄信人的地址和日期，写在信笺的右上角。
2. 信内地址(1nsideAddress)，即收信人的姓名和地址，写在左上角，比右上角 的日期约低两行。
3. 称呼(Salutation)，即对收信人的敬称或称谓，其位置在信内地址的下两行处， 并与之平头。
4. 正文(Body)，即信函的内容。
5. 结束语(Complimentary Close)，即写信人表示自己对收信人的一种谦称。
6. 签名(Signature)，即写信人的姓名。
7. 附件(Enclosure)，缩写成Encl。
8. 再启或又及(Postscript)，缩写成P．S·用于补叙信的正文中遗漏的话。
以上八项内容中，第一项至第六项是英语信函的主要组成部分，一般不可缺少。第七项和第八项是否需要，则视具体情况而定。
范文示例： (Informal Personal Letters)
May 8, 1994
Dear Daniel,
Thank you very much for the wonderful holiday vacation I spent with you and your family. Your mother is such a terrific cook! I think I must have gained 10 pounds in just a week I spent with you. I really appreciate your taking time off from work to take me around and show me so many places. You are lucky to live in such an interesting area. I hope that you will be able to visit my part of the country soon. Thank you again for a wonderful time. Let's keep in touch.
Best regards,
Matthew
巩固练习
单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
1. The British Isles are a group of islands, ______ the western coast of Europe.
A. lies of B. lying off C. laying on D. lay on
2. I hope this book will be ______ to beginners of English.
A. some help B. of helpful
C. of very help D. of some help
3. —Do you think that Tom’s idea is OK?
— . Maybe Mike’s better.
A. Yes, I think B. No, I don’t think so
C. Of course D. It’s not good
4. Because of the heavy traffic, it was already time for lunch break ______ she got to her office.
A. since B. that C. when D. until
5. This lack of definitiveness makes art difficult ______.
A. controlling B. controlled C. to control D. be controlled
6. — I am going to change my present job.
— But ______ you fail?
A. what about B. so what C. what if D. what for
7. — How about going for a picnic?
— Great! But finding a date that ______ us all is very difficult.
A. matches B. suits C. fits D. satisfies
8. Our new house is very ______ for me as I can get to the office in five minutes.
A. convenient B. comfortable C. natural D. helpful
9. — Mum, it is nice weather. I want to skate this afternoon.
—Don’t you think the ice on the lake is too thin to ______ your weight?
A. stand B. bear C. catch D. take
10. Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet ______ life has developed gradually.
A. that B. where C. which D. whose
11. Let’s say goodbye and I’ll meet you again on October 5, if ______.
A. you are convenient B. you will be convenient
C. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient to you
12. When we heard our team won the football match, all of us ______.
A. get exciting B. are getting exciting
C. got excited D. getting excited
13. They were ______ by the traffic accident ______ the exam.
A. stopped; taking B. stopping; taking
C. stopped; from taking D. stopping; from taking
14. Alexander tried to get his work ______ in the medical circles.
A. to recognize B. recognizing
C. recognize D. recognized
15. — What about the person?
— Seldom in all my life ______ such a ______ person.
A. I met; determining B. have I met; determining
C. do I meet; determined D. have I met; determined
完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
Jack threw the proposal onto my desk, his eyes flashing with anger.
“What is the matter?” I asked.
“Never make any 1 on my article without my permission, okay?”With this, he whirled away, leaving me sitting at the desk 2 inwardly.
I had been warned that such a matter would probably happen, but I had never 3 it came so soon.
Two days later, he did another thing that 4 me even worse. I wept very sadly by myself for a long while. Then I rushed into his 5 . I was ready to hand in my resignation but I must have him know what I thought of him 6 doing it.
“Jack, you shouldn’t treat me that way. Nobody has even spoken to me so 7 . You should be 8 to your men.”
Jack looked up at me, puzzled and smiling restlessly and stiffly. I closed my 9 for a second and then said, “I promise you I’ll be your 10 . I’ll go on treating you politely and respectfully because this is what you deserve. And 11 should deserve the equal treatment.” I stood up and closed the door 12 behind me.
During the rest weekends, Jack tried to 13 seeing me. The proposals, directions and letters would 14 on my desk during lunchtime and be taken away at the next lunchtime. One day I put some biscuits on Jack’s desk. Another day, I left a 15 on his desk, saying, “Wish you a happy day!” But we still seldom met each other.
Three months after the talk, I got a serious 16 and was sent to hospital. In the evening all my colleagues came to see me. Soon after they left, I heard a 17 knock on the door; then slowly in came a(n) 18 , a bundle of flowers in his hand, and a bright 19 lighting up his face. I felt my 20 was smiling.
1. A. decisions B. changes C. mistakes D. progress
2. A. angry B. happy C. sorry D. disappointed
3. A. hoped B. realized C. found D. expected
4. A. interested B. pleased C. hurt D. worried
5. A. office B. home C. desk D. direction
6. A. after B. before C. while D. in
7. A. rudely B. properly C. angrily D. strictly
8. A. hard B. polite C. calm D. thankful
9. A. mouth B. door C. eyes D. window
10. A. enemy B. boss C. partner D. friend
11. A. everybody B. somebody C. nobody D. people
12. A. heavily B. quickly C. gently D. tightly
13. A. enjoy B. avoid C. consider D. miss
14. A. appear B. show C. come D. expose
15. A. letter B. box C. book D. note
16. A. problem B. fever C. look D. conversation
17. A. loud B. weak C. hesitant D. continuous
18. A. man B. colleague C. friend D. official
19. A. color B. sunshine C. smile D. expression
20. A. face B. heart C. eyes D. mouth
阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
A
Why is pink or purple a color for girls and blue or brown for boys?
The answer depends largely on cultural values as well as personal experiences. To the Egyptians, green is a color that represents the hope and joy of spring, while for Muslims, it means heaven. Red is a symbol of good luck in many cultures. In China, children are given money in a red envelope to bring good fortune in the New Year. For many nations, blue is a symbol of protection and religious beliefs. Greek people often wear a blue necklace hoping to protect themselves against evils（灾祸）.
People’s choice of colors is also influenced by their bodies’ reactions（反应）toward them. Green is said to be the most restful color. It has the ability to reduce pain and relax people both mentally and physically. People who work in green environments have been found to have fewer stomach aches.
Red can cause a person’s blood pressure to rise and increase people’s appetites（食欲）.Many decorators will include different shades of red in the restaurant. Similarly, many commercial websites will have a red “Buy Now” button because red is a color that easily catches a person’s eye.
Blue is another calming color. Unlike red, blue can cause people to lose appetite. So if you want to eat less, some suggest that eating from blue plates can help.
The next time you are deciding on what to wear or what color to decorate your room, think about the color carefully.
1. Muslims regard green as a symbol of heaven mainly because of their ______.
A. cultural values B. commercial purposes
C. personal experiences D. physical reactions to the color
2. Why will many commercial websites have a red “Buy Now” button?
A. To relax people physically. B. To increase people’s appetites.
C. To encourage people to make a purchase. D. To cause a person’s blood pressure to rise.
3. What color might help lose weight according to the text?
A. Red. B. Green. C. Blue. D. Purple.
4. Which of the following would be the most proper title for the text?
A. Colors and Human Beings B. The Cultural Meaning of Color
C. Colors and Personal Experiences D. The Meaning and Function of Color
B
Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships. For example, in American culture（文化）the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses. A woman’s smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child. A smile may show love or politeness. It can also hide true feelings. It often causes confusion（困惑）across cultures. For example, many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities).Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians don’t smile enough. In Southeast Asian cultures, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.
Our faces show emotions （情感）, but we should not attempt to “read” people from another culture as we would “read” someone from our own culture. The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions. Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressiveness permitted. For example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.
It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States. People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others. The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly.
5. What does the smile usually mean in the U.S.?
A. Love. B. Politeness. C. Joy. D. Thankfulness.
6. The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that a smile can ________.
A. show friendliness to strangers B. be used to hide true feelings
C. be used in the wrong places D. show personal habits
7. What should we do before attempting to “read” people?
A. Learn about their relations with others. B. Understand their cultural backgrounds.
C. Find out about their past experience. D. Figure out what they will do next.
8. What would be the best title for the text?
A. Cultural Differences B. Smiles and Relationships
C. Facial Expressiveness D. Habits and Emotions[C
Ethiopia—One of the world’s most famous fossils（化石）—the 3.2 million-year-old Lucy skeleton（骨骼）unearthed in Ethiopia in 1974—will go on an exhibition tour abroad for the first time in the United States, officials said Tuesday.
Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy twice. The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in the capital, Addis Ababa, is a replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom. A team from the Museum of National Science in Houston, Texas, spent four years discussing with the Ethiopians for the U.S. tour, which will start in Houston next September.
“Ethiopia’s rich culture of both the past and today, is one of the best kept secrets in the world,” said Joel Bartsch, director of the Houston museum.
The six-year tour will also go to Washington, New York, Denver and Chicago. Officials said six other U.S. cities may be on the tour. But they said plans had not yet been worked out.
Traveling with Lucy will be 190 other fossils.
Lucy, her name taken from a Beatles song that played in a camp the night of her discovery, is part of the skeleton of what was once 3-foot-tall ape-man（猿人）.
9. The author writes this text mainly to________ .
A. introduce a few U.S. museums B. describe some research work
C. discuss the value of an ape-man D. report a coming event
10. What do the words “a replica” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. A painting of the skeleton. B. A photograph of Lucy.
C. A copy of the skeleton. D. A written record of Lucy
11. How many cities has Lucy’s U.S. tour plan already included?
A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. D. Eleven.
12. What was the skeleton named after?
A. An ape-man. B. A song. C. A singer. D. A camp.
D
There were smiling children all the way. Clearly they knew at what time the rain passed their homes and they made it their business to stand along the railway, wave to complete strangers and cheer them up as they rushed towards Penang. Often whole families stood outside their homes and waved and smiled as if those on the trains were their favorite relatives. This is the simple village people of Malaysia. I was moved.
I had always traveled to Malaysia by plane or car, so this was the first time I was on a train. I did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread. I looked about the train. There was not one familiar face. I sighed and sat down to read my Economics.
It was not long before the train was across the Causeway and in Malaysia. Johore Baru was just another city like Singapore, so I was tired of looking at the crowds of people as they hurried past. As we went beyond the city, I watched the straight rows of rubber trees and miles and miles of green. Then the first village came into sight. Immediately I came alive; I decided to wave back.
From then on my journey became interesting. I threw my magazines into the waste basket and decided to join in Malaysia life. Then everything came alive. The mountains seemed to speak to me. Even the trees were smiling. I stared at everything as if I was looking at it for the first time.
The day passed and I even forgot to have my lunch until I felt hungry. I looked at my watch and was surprised that it was 3:00pm. Soon the train pulled up at Butterworth. I looked at the people all around me. They all looked beautiful. When my uncle arrived with a smile, I threw my arms around him to give him a warm hug. I had never done this before. He seemed surprised and then his weather-beaten face warmed up with a huge smile. We walked arm in arm to his car.
I looked forward to the return journey.
13.The author expected the train trip to be .
A. adventurous B. pleasant C. exciting D. dull
14. What did the author remember most fondly of her train trip?
A. The friendly country people. B. The mountains along the way.
C. The crowds of people in the streets. D. The simple lunch served on the train.
15. Which of the following words can best take the place of the word “relish” in the second paragraph?
A. choose B. enjoy C. prepare for D. carry on
16. Where was the writer going?
A. Johore Baru. B. The Causeway. C. Butterworth. D. Singapore.
17. What can we learn from the story?.
A. Comfort in traveling by train. B. Pleasure of living in the country.
C. Reading gives people delight. D. Smiles brighten people up.
E
Sunday is more like Monday than it used to be. Places of business that used to keep daytime “business hours” are now open late into the night. And on the Internet, the hour of the day and the day of the week have become irrelevant（不相关的）. A half century ago in the United States, most people experienced strong and precise dividing lines between days of rest and days of work, school time and summer time. Today the boundaries still exist, but they seem not clear.
The law in almost all states used to require stores to close on Sunday; in most, it no longer does. It used to keep the schools open in all seasons except summer; in most, it still does. And whether the work week should strengthen its legal limits, or whether it should become more “flexible,” is often debated. How should we, as a society, organize our time? Should we go even further in relaxing the boundaries of time until we live in a world in which every minute is much like every other?
These are not easy questions even to ask. Part of the difficulty is that we rarely recognize the “law of time” even when we meet it face to face. We know as children that we have to attend school a certain number of hours, a certain number of days, a certain number of years—but unless we meet the truant officer（学监）,we may well think that we should go to school due to social custom and parents’ demand rather than to the law. As adults we are familiar with “extra pay for overtime working,” but less familiar with the fact that what constitutes（构成）“overtime” is a matter of legal definition. When we turn the clock forward to start daylight-saving time, have we ever thought to ourselves: “Here is the law in action”? As we shall see, there is a lot of law that has great influence on how we organize and use time: compulsory education law, overtime law, and daylight-saving Law —as well as law about Sunday closing, holidays, being late to work, time zones, and so on. Once we begin to look for it , we will have no trouble finding a law of time to examine and assess.
18. The author raises the questions in Paragraph 2 to introduce the fact that people ______.
A. fail to make full use of their time B. enjoy working overtime for extra pay
C. are unaware of the law of time D. welcome flexible working hours
19. According to the passage, most children tend to believe that they go to school because they ______.
A. need to acquire knowledge B. have to obey their parents
C. need to find companions D. have to observe the law
20. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Our life is governed by the law of time.
B. How to organize time is not worth debating.
C. New ways of using time change our society.
D. Our time schedule is decided by social customs.
语法填空
Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult?___1___?was to choose a?suitable Christmas present for her father. She wished that he was as easy?___2___?(please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume.
Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not?___3___?pleasant experience：people stepped on your feet or?___4___?(push) you with their elbows(肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.
Jane paused in front of a counter?___5___?some attractive ties were on display. “They are real silk,” the assistant tried to attract her. “Worth double the price.” But Jane knew from past experience that her?__6___?(choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.
Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes?___7___?sale. She did not hesitate for long:?although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please?___8___.
When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already?___9___?table having supper.?Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane?___10___?(inform).?
书面表达（满分25分）
假设你是李津，你的美国朋友Chris就读于天津某国际学校。他热爱中国文化，特别是戏曲文化。8月5日下午2：00在新落成的天津大剧院将上演越剧《梁山伯与祝英台》。请你根据以下提示，用英语给Chris写一封电子邮件，邀请他一起观看演出。
★提出邀请并简述原因；
★提出观剧后的活动建议（如参观附近的博物馆或美术馆等）；
★请求对方回复。
注意：1.请使用规范英语，词数不少于100；
2.可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连 贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：
越剧 Shaoxing Opera
《梁山伯与祝英台》Butterfly Lovers
天津大剧院TianJin Grand Theatre[
Dear Chris,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________
答案与解析
单项填空
1. B lie off意为“位于（海岸）”，此处要用动词的现在分词形式作定语，相当于一个定语从句。
2. D “of+抽象名词”相当于一个形容词，在句中作表语或定语。very是副词，不能修饰名词，所以C项不正确。
3. B 本题考查交际用语。由答语的后半句可知To汤姆的想法并不好，故答案选B。
4. C 句意：由于交通堵塞，当她到达办公室的时候已经是吃午饭的时间了。由句意可知，应是表达时间“当……的时候”，应用when。
5. C “形容词+不定式”作make的宾语补足语，相当于“形容词+不定式”作表语，不定式可用主动形式表示被动含义。
6. C what if意为“如果……怎么样”，后接句子。
7. B match意为“与……相配/相称”；suit sb.意为“适合某人”；fit一般指（衣服、鞋帽等）“合身”；satisfy一般指满足需要。均不符合句意。
8. A convenient意为“方便的”。
9. B stand意为“忍耐；忍受”；bear意为“忍受；容忍；支撑（重量或重物）；承担（责任）”。catch“赶上；抓住”；take“拿；取”。
10. B 句意：斯蒂芬·霍金认为：地球不大可能是有生命进化现象的唯一星球。限制性定语从句中缺少地点状语，where在此处引导定语从句，作地点状语，修饰先行词planet。A、C、D三项都不能在句中作状语。
11. C convenient一般用it作主语（指时间、方式等；要避免汉语思维的干扰）；if 引导的条件状语从句的一般将来时要用一般现在时来表示。
12. C get excited感到兴奋。
13. C 句意：交通事故阻止了他们参加考试。此处应用被动语态，stop sb.(from)doing sth.阻止某人做某事。该短语在被动语态的情况下from不能省略。
14. D 句意：亚历山大努力想让他的工作在医学领域得到认可。get/have sth. done为固定用法，意为“使某事被……”sth.与done 之间是被动关系。此处recognize意为“认可；赏识”。
15. D seldom放在句首时，后面的句子要用部分倒装语序，而且后面的语境表示：一生中（到讲话时为止），从来没有遇到过这样意志坚强的人。所以要用完成时态。
完形填空
1. B make a change或make changes意为“修改”。
2. A 本句句意：……使我内心很生气的坐在桌子旁。故用angry。
3. D expect“预料；料想到”。本句句意：……但我从没有料到它来得如此之快。
4. C 根据后文的wept“啜泣”可知，我的内心受到伤害。
5. A 本句句意：我冲进他的办公室。用office。
6. B 此处意思为“我已经准备好了辞职信，但在我交给他之前，我得让他知道我是怎么认为他的”。
7. A 所填词修饰speak，应用副词，根据上下文，应用rudely“粗鲁的”，符合文意。
8. B 本句句意：你应该对你的雇员有礼貌。
9. C 根据上下文可知此处应该是“我闭上眼睛一会儿（为了消火气）”。故用eyes。
10. D 本句句意：我相信我会成为你的好朋友。故用friend。
11. A 此处所填词表整体。应该用everybody。
12. C 此处表示我礼貌的关上门。应该是gently。
13. B avoid“避免”，后跟动词-ing形式。
14. A appear“出现”。本句句意：杰克在给我安排工作时，都是趁我不在办公室时，把材料放在我的办公桌上。
15. D 根据后文的saying可知我给他留的是“便条（note）”。
16. B 由后文的was sent to hospital可知作者是生病了，故用fever。
17. C hesitant“迟疑的；犹豫的”。
18. A 由后文的his可知此处用man。
19. C 根据后文的his face可知用smile。
20. B 本句句意：我感到我的心在笑。故用heart。
阅读理解
1. A 解析：本题考查细节理解和语篇逻辑关系。第二段谈到了埃及人和伊斯兰教信徒对于绿色的不同理解。这一内容是作为论据论证本段的主题句“The answer depends largely on cultural values as well as personal experiences.”，该主题句侧重的是“cultural values”，而不是“personal experiences”，故选A。
2. C 解析：本题考查细节理解。根据第四段最后一句“...many commercial websites will have a red ‘Buy Now’ button because red is a color that easily catches a person’s eye.”可知，商业网站选用红色作为“现在就买”的按钮颜色是因为红色容易吸引人的注意力，商业网站吸引访客显然是为了多推销商品，故选C。
3. C 解析：本题考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“...blue can cause people to lose appetite. So if you want to eat less, some suggest that eating from blue plates can help.”可知，蓝色有助于减少人的食欲,从而帮助减肥。
4. D 解析：本题考查文章的主旨大意。本文首段提出话题“为什么女孩子喜欢粉红色或紫色，而男孩子喜欢蓝色和棕色？”，接下来从两个方面对此问题做出回答：一是文化价值的影响（第2段），二是人体对于颜色的反应（第3~5段），最后一段是对全文的总结。第二段讨论的是不同文化下对于颜色含义理解的异同，可用“the meaning of color”来概括，第三至第五段讨论的是颜色对于人体反应的作用，即“the fun_ction of color”。故选D。A项中的Human Beings过于宽泛；B项只能概括第二段；C项可概括第3~5段，但没有概括第二段，均不符合文意。
5. C 解析：细节理解题。据第一段第二句“...in American culture（文化）the smile is in general an expression of pleasure.”可知在美国微笑是高兴的体现，故答案为C项joy，意为“高兴”。
6. B 解析：细节理解题。据文章第一段最后两句“In Southeast Asian cultures, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people...”可知在东南亚的文化中，微笑是用来掩盖痛苦的情感的，故答案应为B项“被用来掩盖真实的情感”。A项是美国人的行为；C项为俄罗斯人认为美国人在错误的场合下微笑；D项文中没有提到。
7. B 解析：细节理解题。首先根据第二段第一句“...but we should not attempt to ‘read’ people from another culture as we would ‘read’ someone from our own culture.”可知我们不能用“解读”自己（国家）文化中成员的方法去“解读”其他（国家）文化中的成员。故答案为B，表示“在解读别人之前要先了解其文化背景”。
8. C 解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一句话可知本文主要论述“facial expressions”（面部表情）。A项外延太大；B项内涵过小；D项不全面。
9. D 解析：主旨大意题。纵观整篇文章可知，这篇报道主要介绍了将在美国巡回展出世界上最著名的化石之一“Lucy”。故为“报道一件即将到来的事件”。
10. C 解析：词义猜测题。本题可以根据画线词后的“…while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom.”进行推测。“while”表示转折，所以画线词肯定与“real”语意相反，故答案应为C，意为“一个骨骼的复制品”。A项为“骨骼的画像”；B项为“Lucy的照片”；D项为“Lucy的书面记录”。
11. B 解析：细节理解题。据文章第二段最后一句中的“...which will start in Houston...”和第四段第一句中的“...will also go to Washington, New York, Denver and Chicago.”可知已经确定的展出城市为5个。
12. B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Lucy, her name taken from a Beatles song...”可知化石的名字来自于甲壳虫乐队的一首歌。
13. D 推理判断题。由第二段第二句“I did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread.”可推测出作者预想这次火车旅行是乏味的。
14. A 细节理解题。由文章第一段及第三段最后两句可以看出整个旅途中，作者深深铭记的是友好的村民。
15. B 词义猜测题。根据relish所在的句子及该句后的其他描写作者行为的句子可推知relish的意思是“享受；喜欢”。
16. C 细节理解题。 由倒数第二段可知作者要去的地方是“Butterworth.”。
17. D 推理判断题。 从作者开始感到无趣到后来给叔叔一个“warm hug”可推断出，作者的情感变化归因于铁路沿线的人们的微笑，所以可以说“Smiles brighten people up.”。
18. C 推理判断题。作者提出问题的目的在于引起人们对时间法则（the law of time）的重视。
19. B 细节理解题。由第三段第三句“We know as children that … rather than to the law.”可知。
20. A 主旨大意题。本文讲述的是人们在工作、休息等方面时间观念逐渐模糊所引发的一些现象，从而提醒人们应遵守时间法则（the law of time）。
语法填空
1. it。it在宾语从句中用作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father。
2. to please。Sb. is easy to do sth.是英语中的固定句型。
3. a。experience表示经历为可数名词，这里指一次愉快的经历。
4. pushed。因与stepped并列，故要用一般过去时。
5. where。where在此引导定语从句，表示地点。
6. choice。由于是用在形容词性物主代词后，所以只能用其名词形式。
7. on。on sale是固定搭配，意为“出售”。
8. him。由于给父亲买礼物，所以应该是使父亲高兴。please him的意思是“使他高兴”。
9. at。at table表示“在餐桌边”“在进餐”，是习惯搭配。
10. was informed。根据句意，此处应用一般过去时，又因Jane与inform之间为被动关系，?故填was informed。
书面表达
Dear Chris,
I have good news to tell you. The masterpiece of the famous Shaoxing Opera—Butterfly Lovers will be put on at 2 o’clock p.m., Aug.5th in Tianjin Grand Theatre. I’m looking forward to your showing up in the theatre, for, as far as I know, you are enthusiastic about Chinese traditional culture, particularly Chinese opera. I’m certain that you will devote yourself to watching it at that time and be attracted by its wonderful and moving plot.
After the performance, I’m eager to show you around some places of interest, or some culture centers of Tianjin, such as the museum and the art gallery.
I will appreciate it if you immediately make a reply to me. And I sincerely long to meet you early.
Yours
Li Jin