2019_2020学年高中英语Unit1Friendship试卷（10份含答案）

Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading—Comprehending


阅读理解
A
Dear Mary，
How are you? I saw you posted some wonderful photos of the coastline near your hometown. You’re really getting into your photography! Right now I’m taking a break from social media(媒体) to write you an email.
Remember you said you’d like to come over to the UK sometime this year? Well，I was thinking that this year you might like to come to the Edinburgh Festival with me in August.I’ve got an aunt with a flat in the city centre who could put us up.
Do you know much about the festival? It’s very famous—the biggest，most popular arts festival in the world! There are lots of things going on—art exhibitions(展览)，concerts of all kinds，modern dance，a book festival，etc.The thing it’s most famous for is the newest and most exciting theatre.People come from all over the world and perform(表演) in their own language.
In Scotland you have the best of both worlds: culture and wild land.After the festival，we could hire(租) a car and go up to some of the islands off the west coast，like Skye.The weather can be changeable in August，but the landscape(风景) is beautiful，with empty beaches and rocky mountains.It’s the perfect place for you to take photos.Afterwards，we could head back to the east coast and visit my friend Rob in St.Andrews.It’s really pretty and Rob’s enjoyable to be with.You’d get on well with him.
So，why don’t you have a think about it and then get back to me? Take your time，there’s no rush.
Speak to you soon，
Sophie
【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。文章为一封邮件，主题为邀请朋友到苏格兰度假。
1．What is the best known activity at the Edinburgh Festival?
A．Modern dance.
B．Art exhibitions.
C．Performances of plays.
D．Different kinds of concerts.
C　解析：细节理解题。由正文第三段中的The thing it’s most famous for is...perform(表演) in their own language.可知，爱丁堡艺术节最出名的活动是最新且最激动人心的戏剧表演。
2．What does Sophie suggest doing straight after the festival?
A．Seeing her friend Rob in St.Andrews.
B．Driving along the east coast of Scotland.
C．Taking photos while climbing mountains.
D．Visiting islands along the west coast of Scotland.
D　解析：细节理解题。由正文第四段中的After the festival...the west coast，like Skye.可知，Sophie建议参加完爱丁堡艺术节之后，驱车前往苏格兰西部海岸沿岸的一些岛屿游玩。
3．Why did Sophie send this email to Mary?
A．To invite her to visit Scotland.
B．To talk about her holiday plan.
C．To take a break from social media.
D．To introduce the Edinburgh Festival.
A　解析：写作意图题。在邮件中，Sophie首先夸赞了Mary的摄影技术，接着邀请她八月和自己一起参加爱丁堡艺术节，并做了之后的出行安排：先到苏格兰西部海岸岛屿观光，然后到东部海岸看朋友；且由In Scotland...wild land.可知，爱丁堡艺术节的举办地点正是苏格兰；因此，Sophie写这封邮件的目的是邀请Mary到苏格兰旅行，参加爱丁堡艺术节，并欣赏苏格兰的美丽风景。
B
When you choose a friend，you should be very careful.A good friend can help you study.You can have fun together and make each other happy.Sometimes you will meet fair weather(晴天) friends.They will be with you as long as you have money or luck，but when you are down，they will run away.How do I know when I have found a good friend? I look for certain qualities of character，especially understanding，honesty and reliability(可靠)．
Above all else，I look for understanding in a friend.A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling.He is not quick to judge.Instead，he tries to learn from others.He puts himself in the other person’s place，and he tries to think of ways to be helpful.He is also a good listener.
At the same time，however，a good friend is honest.He does not look for faults(过错) in others. He notices their good points.In short，good friends will be honest to each other and accept each other.
Another quality of a friend is reliability.I can always depend on a good friend.If he tells me he will meet me somewhere at a certain time，I can be sure that he will be there.If I need a favor，he will do his best to help me.If I am in trouble，he will not run away from me.
There is a fourth quality that makes a friend special.A special friend is someone with whom we can have fun.We should enjoy our lives，and we would enjoy our friendship.That is why I especially like friends who are fun to be with.A good friend likes the same things I like.We share experience and learn from each other.A good friend has a good sense of humor，too.He likes to laugh with me.That is how we share in the joy of being friends.And I know that he is looking for the same quality in me.
When I meet someone who is reliable，honest，and understanding，I know I’ve found a friend!
【解题导语】　文章分析了好朋友要具备的品质，并对各种品质进行了详细的说明。
4．If you have fair weather friends，________．
A．you will become rich
B．you can be sure that you get real friends
C．they will give you all that they have when you need help
D．you will be refused when you get into trouble
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Sometimes you will meet fair weather(晴天) friends.They will be with you as long as you have money or luck，but when you are down，they will run away.”有时你会遇到像天气变化似的朋友。只要你有钱或幸运，他们就会和你在一起，但是当你倒下的时候，他们就会跑掉。说明这样的朋友在你遇见困难的时候会离去，故选D项。
5．Which of the following qualities the writer thinks is the most important in choosing a friend?
A．Honesty.
B．Reliability.
C．Understanding.
D．A sense of humor.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Above all else，I look for understanding in a friend.”最重要的是，我在朋友中寻求理解。分析句意可知作者认为理解是最重要的。故选C。
6．Good friends need to ________．
A．be helped with money
B．understand each other’s feelings
C．always point out each other’s mistakes
D．have money or luck
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Above all else，I look for understanding in a friend.A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling.”可知，好朋友要善于理解他人。分析选项可知B项符合题意。故选B。
7．This passage mainly discusses ________．
A．the qualities of a friend
B．where to choose friends
C．how to get along with friends
D．the importance of having a friend
A　解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的“How do I know when I have found a good friend？”可知，本文主要是分析好朋友究竟应该具有什么样的品质。故选A。
完形填空
I passed a man on the way home from work this evening.He was staggering(摇摇晃晃地走) down the road.I slowed down and __1__ whether to stop and give him a lift.However，there were a lot of cars behind me and I lost the __2__ to stop there because the road was too __3__．
I was not __4__，but he seemed to be quite drunk.So I finally __5__ my car beside the road and watched him in my rear?view mirror(后视镜)．__6__，he was too drunk.A truck changed its direction to avoid him—he didn’t even __7__．I thought I could sit and __8__ him to reach my car.Five minutes went by，he __9__．My windows were down，and I asked him if he wanted my __10__．He said he was going to the next town.It was not __11__ enough to put me to trouble.So I asked him to get into my car. “Sorry，I’m __12__ quite drunk.I attended a funeral(葬礼) but my family left earlier，so I decided to __13__ home.I’m Ryan，” he said and offered me his __14__．
Along the way we had a __15__ talk.He told me he had buried his uncle，and that he was a traveler.He called me “Brother” and gave me his sunglasses as payment.I __16__ and said the joy was in the giving.We __17__ almost everything such as where we came from and where we lived.And he said sorry __18__ for being so drunk.
“Anywhere around here is fine for me，” he said.So I __19__ him at the next crossing，and then we said goodbye.I felt lucky to have had that __20__ to help him!
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者在下班开车回家的路上，看到了一个喝醉的人沿着马路摇摇晃晃地走着，于是就停下来让他搭便车。作者为此感到很开心。
1．A.asked B．knew
C．wondered D．doubted
C　解析：作者在下班开车回家的路上，看到一个人沿着马路摇摇晃晃地走着，就减速慢行，寻思着是否捎他一程。
2．A.courage B．time
C．right D．ability
A　解析：根据本空前的However，there were a lot of cars behind me可知，因为后方车太多，作者没有勇气停车。
3．A.long B．wide
C．old D．busy
D　解析：根据上文中的there were a lot of cars可知，车太多，路上交通拥挤。
4．A.upset B．sure
C．tired D．calm
B　解析：由下文的he seemed可知，作者不确定。
5．A.left B．started
C．stopped D．protected
C　解析：由本空后的watched him in my rear?view mirror(后视镜)可知，作者停下了车。
6．A.Clearly B．Luckily
C．Interestingly D．Finally
A　解析：根据本空后的A truck changed its direction to avoid him—he didn’t even ______．可知，此处指“他明显是醉了”。
7．A.cry B．suffer
C．move D．care
D　解析：他醉了，就连卡车改变方向来避开他他都不在意。
8．A.depend on B．wait for
C．cause D．order
B　解析：根据本空后的Five minutes went by，he ______. 可知，作者在车里坐着，等候他的到来。
9．A.disappeared B．continued
C．arrived D．slowed
C　解析：依据本空后的My windows were down，and I asked him if he wanted my ______. 可知，五分钟之后，他来到了作者的车旁。
10．A.help B．guide
C．suggestion D．present
A　解析：由上文中的whether to stop and give him a lift可知，作者问他是否需要帮助。
11．A.pretty B．safe
C．large D．far
D　解析：由本空前的the next town和空后的So I asked him to get into my car.可知，这个城镇不远。
12．A.also B．really
C．probably D．never
B　解析：根据本空前的Sorry和下文中的And he said sorry ______ for being so drunk.可知，他说自己确实是醉得厉害。
13．A.drive B．ride
C．walk D．stay
C　解析：根据上文中的He was staggering(摇摇晃晃地走) down the road.可知，他决定走路回家。
14．A.hand B．price
C．service D．address
A　解析：依据本空前的I’m Ryan及下文提到的“愉快地交谈”可知，这个人伸手跟作者握手。
15．A.serious B．terrible
C．boring D．pleasant
D　解析：根据文中他们之间的谈话可知，该谈话是令人愉快的。
16．A.noticed B．accepted
C．refused D．remembered
C　解析：由本空后的the joy was in the giving可知，作者拒收他的太阳镜。
17．A.talked about B．thought of
C．believed in D．met with
A　解析：由他们之间的谈话可知，这里是指他们几乎谈到了所有的事情，例如来自哪里和在哪里居住。
18．A.soon B．early
C．just D．again
D　解析：依据上文中的Sorry，I’m ______ quite drunk.可知，他再次为醉酒而道歉。
19．A.joined B．dropped
C．welcomed D．thanked
B　解析：依据本空前的Anywhere around here is fine for me可知，作者让他在下一个十字路口下了车。
20．A.patience B．chance
C．power D．excuse
B　解析：依据上文的故事可知，作者为能有机会帮他而感到幸运。






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Unit 1 Friendship


《安妮日记》是德籍犹太人安妮·弗兰克写的日记，是其藏身密室时生活和情感的记载。
The Diary of Anne Frank
The Diary of Anne Frank is neither a novel nor a tale of the imagination.It is the diary kept by a young Jewish girl for two years when she was forced to hide during the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands. Between June 1942 and August 1944，from Anne’s thirteenth birthday until shortly after her fifteenth birthday，Anne Frank recorded her feelings， emotions and thoughts as well as the events that happened to her in the diary which her father had given her as a birthday present.Together with her parents and her sister，as well as the Van Daans family (consisting of a husband，a wife，and a son) and，later on，an elderly dentist known as Albert Dussel，Anne lived in a set of rooms at the top of an old warehouse in Amsterdam，Holland，concealed(隐藏) behind a hidden door and a bookcase.During the day，when people worked in the office，Anne and the others had to keep very quiet，but at night they could move around more freely，though of course they could not turn on any lights or show in any way that the house was inhabited(有人居住的)．
The diary is an accurate record of the way a young girl grows up，in the very special circumstances in which Anne found herself throughout the two years during which she was in hiding.And it is also a vividly terrifying description of what it was like to be a Jew at a time when the Nazis sought to kill all the Jews of Europe.
Anne Frank did not survive the concentration camps to which she was sent after her little group was discovered.Of all the people who hid in the “Secret Annexe” in Amsterdam，only Anne’s father survived.The pages of Anne’s diary，which the Nazis left scattered(分散，零落地出现) on the floor when they arrested the group in hiding，were kept by two young women who had worked in the office and had faithfully supplied the little group with food and other provisions. When Mr.Frank returned after the war，they gave him the pages of Anne’s diary，and he eventually published them.Although Anne died，as the Nazis had intended，her spirit lives on，through her diary, strongly and clearly.
Section Ⅰ　Warming Up & Reading—Comprehending


重点单词
写作词汇
1.upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的
vt. 使不安；使心烦
2.ignore vt. 不理睬；忽视
3.loose adj. 松的；松开的
4.outdoors adv. 在户外；在野外
5.dusk n. 黄昏；傍晚
6.partner n. 伙伴；合作者；合伙人
拓展词汇
7.concern vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到 n．担心；关注；(利害)关系→concerned adj.有关的；忧虑的→concerning prep.关于
8.entire adj.整个的；完全的；全部的→entirely adv.完全地；全然地；整个地
9.power n．能力；力量；权力→powerful adj.强大的；强有力的→powerless adj.无力的；没有能力的；无权力的
10.dusty adj.积满灰尘的→dust n．灰尘
阅读词汇
11.survey n． 调查；测验
12.vet n. 兽医
13.German adj. 德国的；德国人的；德语的
n. 德国人；德语
14.series n． 连续；系列
15.thunder vi. 打雷；雷鸣
n. 雷；雷声
16.curtain n. 窗帘；门帘；幕布
重点短语
1.add up 合计
2.have got to 不得不；必须
3.go through 经历；经受
4.set down 记下；放下；登记
5.a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套
6.on purpose 故意
7.in order to 为了……
8.at dusk 在黄昏时刻
9.face to face 面对面地
10.no longer/not...any longer 不再……
重点句型
1.状语从句的省略
While walking the dog(遛狗的时候)，you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.
2.It is/was...that...强调句型
I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that(是因为我长久无法出门的缘故) I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
3.There was a time when...曾经有一段时间……
I can well remember that there was a time when(有一段……时期) a deep blue sky, the song of the birds...
4.It was the first time that...这是某人第一次……
...it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face(我目睹夜晚)...
5.It’s no pleasure doing sth.做某事没有乐趣
It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer(观看这些已经不再是乐趣) because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.

Fast?reading
Skim the text and choose the best answer.
1．The text mainly tells us________．
A．the importance of keeping a diary
B．how to make friends with others
C．what Anne liked to do in her free time
D．why Anne chose her diary as her friend
答案：D
2．Find out the main idea of each paragraph.
Para.1　 A．One evening, Anne stayed awake until half past eleven in order to have a good
look at the moon.
Para.2 B．Anne was only able to look at nature through dusty windows.
Para.3 C．Anne hadn’t been outdoors for so long that she had grown crazy about
everything to do with nature.
答案：CAB
Careful?reading
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the text.
1．Why did Anne’s family hide in one place during World War Ⅱ？
A．Because they were against war.
B．Because they broke German laws.
C．Because they were Jewish.
D．Because they were against the German government.
2．What made Anne crazy about nature?
A．Her fear for war.
B．Losing friendship.
C．Her dream.
D．Losing freedom.
3．Anne Frank and her family hid away for ________．
A．over a year
B．over two years
C．three years
D．one year and a half
4．Why did Anne stay awake until 11：30 one evening?
A．Because she planned to escape from the building.
B．Because she was waiting for her mother to come back.
C．Because she wanted to look at the moon by herself.
D．Because she was too excited.
答案：1－4.CDBC
Study?reading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
eq \a\vs4\al()

[翻译]　我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
2．I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.
eq \a\vs4\al()

[翻译]　我记得非常清楚， 曾经有一段时间，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花从未令我心迷神往过。
3．It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.
eq \a\vs4\al()

[翻译]　观看这些已经不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。


①deep(deeper; deepest)adj. 强烈的，深切的，衷心的
②laugh at嘲笑，讥笑
③go through 经历；经受
④hide away 躲藏；藏起来
⑤set down记下；放下；登记
⑥a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套
⑦outdoors[a?t'd??z]adv.在户外；在野外
反义词：indoors在室内
⑧grow crazy about对……十分痴迷；对……十分狂热
⑨well adv.全部地；完全地
⑩spellbound['spelba?nd]adj.入迷的，出神的，着魔的
?stay[steI]link v．保持，继续是
stay awake醒着
?on purpose(＝by design)故意
反义短语：by accident/by chance 偶然
?in order to 为了……
?have a good look at 好好看看……
?far too much中far是副词，表程度；too much 太多，后跟不可数名词。
?happen to do sth.碰巧做某事
?at dusk 在黄昏时刻
dusk[d?sk]n.黄昏；傍晚
?thunder['θ?nd?]vi.打雷；雷鸣 n．雷；雷声
?entirely[In'taI?lI]adv.完全地；全然地；整个地
entire[In'taI?]adj.整个的；完全的；全部的
?power['pa??]n.能力；力量；权力
face to face 面对面地
curtain['k??tn]n.窗帘；门帘；幕布
dusty['d?stI]adj.积满灰尘的
pleasure['ple??(r)]n.乐事，快事
no longer(＝not...any longer)不再……(指时间上不再延续)
【核心素养链接·文化采风】
《安妮日记》是德国籍犹太少女安妮·弗兰克(Anne Frank, 1929－1945)在二战中遗留下来的一本日记。安妮13岁时，为躲避纳粹的迫害，随家人藏匿于密室之中长达25个月，1944年8月因人告密而被关进集中营，并在1945年爆发的伤寒疫情中死去。1947年，《安妮日记》出版，至今已被翻译为70多种语言。1960年，安妮藏身过的密室被改建为博物馆，取名“安妮之家”。安妮于1999年入选《时代杂志》“20世纪全世界最具影响力的100个人”。

ANNE’S BEST FRIEND
Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to，like your deepest① feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at② you, or would not understand what you are going through③？ Anne Frank wanted the first kind，so she made her diary her best friend.
◆whom在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词a friend, whom在从句中作介词to的宾语，此时whom可换成who或that。若句末的介词to前置，则只能用whom。
◆what在此引导宾语从句，并在从句中作going through的宾语。
◆so连接两个并列分句，后一分句中made her diary her best friend为“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，名词短语her best friend作宾补。
Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War Ⅱ.Her family was Jewish so they had to hide or they would be caught by the German Nazis.She and her family hid away④ for nearly twenty?five months before they were discovered.During that time the only true friend was her diary.She said，“I don’t want to set down⑤ a series of⑥ facts in a diary as most people do，but I want this diary itself to be my friend，and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942.
◆but连接两个并列分句，第一分句中as引导方式状语从句，意为“正如”。第二分句是and连接的并列句。
Thursday 15th June，1944
Dear Kitty，
I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors⑦ for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about⑧ everything to do with nature．I can well⑨ remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky，the song of the birds，moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.That’s changed since I came here.
◆if在此意为“是否”，引导的从句作wonder的宾语；it’s...that...为强调句，强调because引导的原因状语从句； to do with nature作后置定语，修饰everything。
◆there was a time when...为常用句型，意为“曾经有一段时间……”，when在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词a time。
◆since在此引导时间状语从句，从句用的是一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。
...For example，one evening when it was so warm，I stayed?awake on purpose?until half past eleven in order to?have a good look at?the moon by myself.But as the moon gave far too much? light，I didn’t dare open a window.Another time five months ago，I happened to be?upstairs at dusk?when the window was open.I didn’t go downstairs until the window had to be shut.The dark，rainy evening，the wind，the thundering? clouds held me entirely? in their power?；it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face...
◆when在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词one evening。
◆as在此引导原因状语从句，表示“由于，因为”。
◆本句中含有“not...until...(直到……才……)”结构。
◆it was the first time...that...意为“这是……第一次……”，其中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the first time。
...Sadly...I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dustywindows．It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.
Yours，
Anne
◆现在分词短语hanging before very dusty windows作后置定语，修饰curtains。
◆画线部分属于“It’s＋n.＋doing sth.”句型，其中It为形式主语，looking through these为真正的主语。because引导的原因状语从句中含有that引导的定语从句，该定语从句修饰先行词one thing。

安妮最好的朋友
你想不想拥有一位无话不谈、能够推心置腹的朋友呢？或者你是否害怕你的朋友会嘲笑你、不理解你目前的处境呢？安妮·弗兰克想要的就是第一种类型的朋友，于是她把自己的日记当成了最好的朋友。
第二次世界大战期间，安妮居住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。她一家都是犹太人，所以他们不得不躲藏起来，否则他们就会被德国纳粹抓去。她和她的家人躲了将近25个月才被发现。在那段时间里，她唯一的忠实朋友就是她的日记了。她说：“我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账，我要把这本日记当作我的朋友，我要把我这个朋友称作基蒂。”现在，让我们看一看安妮自1942年7月以来在藏身之处躲着时的那种心情吧。
1944年6月15日　星期四
亲爱的基蒂：
我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。我记得非常清楚，曾经有一段时间，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花从未令我心迷神往过。自从我来到这里后，一切都变了。
……比如，有天晚上天气很暖和，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮。但是因为月光太亮了，我不敢打开窗子。还有一次，就在五个月以前的一天傍晚，我碰巧在楼上，窗户是开着的。我一直等到非关窗不可的时候才下楼去。漆黑的夜晚，风雨交加，电闪雷鸣，我全然被这种力量镇住了，这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚……
……让人伤心的是……我只能透过脏兮兮的窗帘观看大自然，窗帘悬挂在沾满灰尘的窗前。观看这些已经不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。
你的，
安妮


阅读理解
A
Dear Mary，
How are you? I saw you posted some wonderful photos of the coastline near your hometown. You’re really getting into your photography! Right now I’m taking a break from social media(媒体) to write you an email.
Remember you said you’d like to come over to the UK sometime this year? Well，I was thinking that this year you might like to come to the Edinburgh Festival with me in August.I’ve got an aunt with a flat in the city centre who could put us up.
Do you know much about the festival? It’s very famous—the biggest，most popular arts festival in the world! There are lots of things going on—art exhibitions(展览)，concerts of all kinds，modern dance，a book festival，etc.The thing it’s most famous for is the newest and most exciting theatre.People come from all over the world and perform(表演) in their own language.
In Scotland you have the best of both worlds: culture and wild land.After the festival，we could hire(租) a car and go up to some of the islands off the west coast，like Skye.The weather can be changeable in August，but the landscape(风景) is beautiful，with empty beaches and rocky mountains.It’s the perfect place for you to take photos.Afterwards，we could head back to the east coast and visit my friend Rob in St.Andrews.It’s really pretty and Rob’s enjoyable to be with.You’d get on well with him.
So，why don’t you have a think about it and then get back to me? Take your time，there’s no rush.
Speak to you soon，
Sophie
【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。文章为一封邮件，主题为邀请朋友到苏格兰度假。
1．What is the best known activity at the Edinburgh Festival?
A．Modern dance.
B．Art exhibitions.
C．Performances of plays.
D．Different kinds of concerts.
C　解析：细节理解题。由正文第三段中的The thing it’s most famous for is...perform(表演) in their own language.可知，爱丁堡艺术节最出名的活动是最新且最激动人心的戏剧表演。
2．What does Sophie suggest doing straight after the festival?
A．Seeing her friend Rob in St.Andrews.
B．Driving along the east coast of Scotland.
C．Taking photos while climbing mountains.
D．Visiting islands along the west coast of Scotland.
D　解析：细节理解题。由正文第四段中的After the festival...the west coast，like Skye.可知，Sophie建议参加完爱丁堡艺术节之后，驱车前往苏格兰西部海岸沿岸的一些岛屿游玩。
3．Why did Sophie send this email to Mary?
A．To invite her to visit Scotland.
B．To talk about her holiday plan.
C．To take a break from social media.
D．To introduce the Edinburgh Festival.
A　解析：写作意图题。在邮件中，Sophie首先夸赞了Mary的摄影技术，接着邀请她八月和自己一起参加爱丁堡艺术节，并做了之后的出行安排：先到苏格兰西部海岸岛屿观光，然后到东部海岸看朋友；且由In Scotland...wild land.可知，爱丁堡艺术节的举办地点正是苏格兰；因此，Sophie写这封邮件的目的是邀请Mary到苏格兰旅行，参加爱丁堡艺术节，并欣赏苏格兰的美丽风景。
B
When you choose a friend，you should be very careful.A good friend can help you study.You can have fun together and make each other happy.Sometimes you will meet fair weather(晴天) friends.They will be with you as long as you have money or luck，but when you are down，they will run away.How do I know when I have found a good friend? I look for certain qualities of character，especially understanding，honesty and reliability(可靠)．
Above all else，I look for understanding in a friend.A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling.He is not quick to judge.Instead，he tries to learn from others.He puts himself in the other person’s place，and he tries to think of ways to be helpful.He is also a good listener.
At the same time，however，a good friend is honest.He does not look for faults(过错) in others. He notices their good points.In short，good friends will be honest to each other and accept each other.
Another quality of a friend is reliability.I can always depend on a good friend.If he tells me he will meet me somewhere at a certain time，I can be sure that he will be there.If I need a favor，he will do his best to help me.If I am in trouble，he will not run away from me.
There is a fourth quality that makes a friend special.A special friend is someone with whom we can have fun.We should enjoy our lives，and we would enjoy our friendship.That is why I especially like friends who are fun to be with.A good friend likes the same things I like.We share experience and learn from each other.A good friend has a good sense of humor，too.He likes to laugh with me.That is how we share in the joy of being friends.And I know that he is looking for the same quality in me.
When I meet someone who is reliable，honest，and understanding，I know I’ve found a friend!
【解题导语】　文章分析了好朋友要具备的品质，并对各种品质进行了详细的说明。
4．If you have fair weather friends，________．
A．you will become rich
B．you can be sure that you get real friends
C．they will give you all that they have when you need help
D．you will be refused when you get into trouble
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Sometimes you will meet fair weather(晴天) friends.They will be with you as long as you have money or luck，but when you are down，they will run away.”有时你会遇到像天气变化似的朋友。只要你有钱或幸运，他们就会和你在一起，但是当你倒下的时候，他们就会跑掉。说明这样的朋友在你遇见困难的时候会离去，故选D项。
5．Which of the following qualities the writer thinks is the most important in choosing a friend?
A．Honesty.
B．Reliability.
C．Understanding.
D．A sense of humor.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Above all else，I look for understanding in a friend.”最重要的是，我在朋友中寻求理解。分析句意可知作者认为理解是最重要的。故选C。
6．Good friends need to ________．
A．be helped with money
B．understand each other’s feelings
C．always point out each other’s mistakes
D．have money or luck
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Above all else，I look for understanding in a friend.A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling.”可知，好朋友要善于理解他人。分析选项可知B项符合题意。故选B。
7．This passage mainly discusses ________．
A．the qualities of a friend
B．where to choose friends
C．how to get along with friends
D．the importance of having a friend
A　解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的“How do I know when I have found a good friend？”可知，本文主要是分析好朋友究竟应该具有什么样的品质。故选A。
完形填空
I passed a man on the way home from work this evening.He was staggering(摇摇晃晃地走) down the road.I slowed down and __1__ whether to stop and give him a lift.However，there were a lot of cars behind me and I lost the __2__ to stop there because the road was too __3__．
I was not __4__，but he seemed to be quite drunk.So I finally __5__ my car beside the road and watched him in my rear?view mirror(后视镜)．__6__，he was too drunk.A truck changed its direction to avoid him—he didn’t even __7__．I thought I could sit and __8__ him to reach my car.Five minutes went by，he __9__．My windows were down，and I asked him if he wanted my __10__．He said he was going to the next town.It was not __11__ enough to put me to trouble.So I asked him to get into my car. “Sorry，I’m __12__ quite drunk.I attended a funeral(葬礼) but my family left earlier，so I decided to __13__ home.I’m Ryan，” he said and offered me his __14__．
Along the way we had a __15__ talk.He told me he had buried his uncle，and that he was a traveler.He called me “Brother” and gave me his sunglasses as payment.I __16__ and said the joy was in the giving.We __17__ almost everything such as where we came from and where we lived.And he said sorry __18__ for being so drunk.
“Anywhere around here is fine for me，” he said.So I __19__ him at the next crossing，and then we said goodbye.I felt lucky to have had that __20__ to help him!
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者在下班开车回家的路上，看到了一个喝醉的人沿着马路摇摇晃晃地走着，于是就停下来让他搭便车。作者为此感到很开心。
1．A.asked B．knew
C．wondered D．doubted
C　解析：作者在下班开车回家的路上，看到一个人沿着马路摇摇晃晃地走着，就减速慢行，寻思着是否捎他一程。
2．A.courage B．time
C．right D．ability
A　解析：根据本空前的However，there were a lot of cars behind me可知，因为后方车太多，作者没有勇气停车。
3．A.long B．wide
C．old D．busy
D　解析：根据上文中的there were a lot of cars可知，车太多，路上交通拥挤。
4．A.upset B．sure
C．tired D．calm
B　解析：由下文的he seemed可知，作者不确定。
5．A.left B．started
C．stopped D．protected
C　解析：由本空后的watched him in my rear?view mirror(后视镜)可知，作者停下了车。
6．A.Clearly B．Luckily
C．Interestingly D．Finally
A　解析：根据本空后的A truck changed its direction to avoid him—he didn’t even ______．可知，此处指“他明显是醉了”。
7．A.cry B．suffer
C．move D．care
D　解析：他醉了，就连卡车改变方向来避开他他都不在意。
8．A.depend on B．wait for
C．cause D．order
B　解析：根据本空后的Five minutes went by，he ______. 可知，作者在车里坐着，等候他的到来。
9．A.disappeared B．continued
C．arrived D．slowed
C　解析：依据本空后的My windows were down，and I asked him if he wanted my ______. 可知，五分钟之后，他来到了作者的车旁。
10．A.help B．guide
C．suggestion D．present
A　解析：由上文中的whether to stop and give him a lift可知，作者问他是否需要帮助。
11．A.pretty B．safe
C．large D．far
D　解析：由本空前的the next town和空后的So I asked him to get into my car.可知，这个城镇不远。
12．A.also B．really
C．probably D．never
B　解析：根据本空前的Sorry和下文中的And he said sorry ______ for being so drunk.可知，他说自己确实是醉得厉害。
13．A.drive B．ride
C．walk D．stay
C　解析：根据上文中的He was staggering(摇摇晃晃地走) down the road.可知，他决定走路回家。
14．A.hand B．price
C．service D．address
A　解析：依据本空前的I’m Ryan及下文提到的“愉快地交谈”可知，这个人伸手跟作者握手。
15．A.serious B．terrible
C．boring D．pleasant
D　解析：根据文中他们之间的谈话可知，该谈话是令人愉快的。
16．A.noticed B．accepted
C．refused D．remembered
C　解析：由本空后的the joy was in the giving可知，作者拒收他的太阳镜。
17．A.talked about B．thought of
C．believed in D．met with
A　解析：由他们之间的谈话可知，这里是指他们几乎谈到了所有的事情，例如来自哪里和在哪里居住。
18．A.soon B．early
C．just D．again
D　解析：依据上文中的Sorry，I’m ______ quite drunk.可知，他再次为醉酒而道歉。
19．A.joined B．dropped
C．welcomed D．thanked
B　解析：依据本空前的Anywhere around here is fine for me可知，作者让他在下一个十字路口下了车。
20．A.patience B．chance
C．power D．excuse
B　解析：依据上文的故事可知，作者为能有机会帮他而感到幸运。






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Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading—Language Points


品句填词
1．The boy hid himself behind the curtain(窗帘) and looked out through the window.
2．My sister was always calm(镇静的) and careful while I would get excited and upset by the slightest thing.
3．At first，we do not believe we have the power(能力) to improve our environment.As a matter of fact，we can make a difference.
4．Children should spend more time taking exercise outdoors(在户外) and less time watching TV at home.
5．There was frequent thunder and lightning，and heavy rain.
6．The table is rather dusty(布满灰尘的)．We should wipe it clean.
7．It still upsets(使心烦) him when he thinks about the accident.
8．When Susan passed by，she ignored(不理睬) any of us.
9．More and more people are concerned(关心) about the traffic safety now.
10．He worked with one of his business partners(合作者) to finish a great project.
11．The animals got loose and ran away.
12．The two travelers found a place at dusk(黄昏时刻) to spend the night.
单句改错
1．I know that it is difficult to stay calmly，but there is nothing to worry about.calmly→calm
2．Both sides are deeply concerned with the serious situation in the country.with→about
3．In order that catch the train he got up very early.that→to
4．While drive，you must follow the traffic laws.drive→driving
5．My camera is broken，and I will get it repairing tomorrow.repairing→repaired
6．It was the first time that I has ever seen the sea.was→is/has→had
7．There was time when talking about the event was not allowed in the family.time前加a
8．Mike spoke loudly in purpose to draw his father’s attention.in→on
完成句子
1．The street lights come on at dusk(在黄昏时刻) and go off at dawn.
2．I get quite a lot of exercise myself by walking the dog(遛狗)．
3．I wonder if(我不知道是否) I could use your computer.
4．You have got to(必须) eat more vegetables.
5．It’s no pleasure(没有乐趣) staying indoors all day long.
6．You will never know what she has gone through(经历了) to educate her children.
7．The police asked him to set down(写下) what he had seen last night.
8．There was once a time when(曾经有一段时间) I went to the cinema once a week at university.
课文语法填空
During World War Ⅱ， Anne and her family had to hide to avoid 1.being caught(catch) by the German Nazis because they were Jewish.When they were in the hiding place，Anne made her diary her best friend，2.whose name was Kitty.In her diary，Anne set down her own 3.feelings(feel) rather than a series of facts.
Here is one example of her diary.Anne had grown so crazy 4.about everything to do with nature and everything in nature had kept her spellbound.
One evening，Anne stayed awake on purpose in order to see the moon by 5.herself(she)．She didn’t dare open 6.a window，because the moonlight was too strong.Five months ago，Anne happened 7.to be(be) upstairs at dusk when the window was open.She stayed upstairs until the window was shut.Nature held her 8.entirely(entire) in its power.It was the first time in a year and a half that she 9.had seen(see) the night face to face...
Anne felt it was no pleasure 10.looking(look) at nature through dirty curtains any longer，because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.

单句语法填空
1．When Mr.Lee worked in our company，he entirely(entire) put his heart into the work.
2．The dusty(dust) car suggested that your brother had been to the countryside.
3．The kids walked into the forest but they ignored(ignore) the fact that it was getting darker and darker.
4．Alice is crazy about music and she plays the piano all day.
5．He was very upset(upset) because his pen pal didn’t reply to his letters in time.
6．I said hello to Peter but he just ignored(ignore) me and walked away.
7．When something bad happens，you should stay calm(calm) and think quickly.
8．Your parents are deeply concerned(concern) about you，so please go home at once.
9．It was the first time that I had talked(talk) face to face with the president.
10．It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.
阅读理解
A
In early November of 1942，my geology(地质学) class was supposed to go on a field trip to see the mica mine(云母矿)．Although it rained，everyone showed up on time.I was the only girl in the class.We all fit into two cars.
Near Deary，Mr.Tier，our teacher，went into a store to ask about the direction，while townsmen looked at us with curiosity.On the store owner’s advice，we drove out into the hills for a few miles.Then we left the cars.We were afraid they would get stuck in the mud.
Eventually，we located the mine near the top of the mountain.There was a very small hole，running about two or three hundred feet into the mountainside.The passage(通道) was so narrow that we could touch both sides with our hands，and not tall enough to allow us to stand up straight.The first boy held the torch；we took hold of the backs of each other’s coats，in a line，and followed him in，ducking our heads.After getting in，we were disappointed because it was not the mine our teacher was looking for.
The rain was coming down hard as we started back to the cars to go home.Back at Deary，we went into a drugstore and stood around its big heating stove to dry out.The clerk was a middle?aged lady.Seeing our entirely wet hair and clothes，she handed each of us a cup of hot water immediately and asked if there was anything wrong with any of us.
Hiking eight miles in the rain had not reduced our interest at all.We all felt we had had a wonderful time，even if we didn’t find the mine.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者的老师带领全班同学进行了一次户外寻矿活动。
1．Why did the class leave the cars halfway?
A．Because their cars broke down in Deary.
B．Because it was not easy to drive in the mud.
C．Because townsmen were curious about their cars.
D．Because the store owner gave them a wrong direction.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的We were afraid they would get stuck in the mud.可知，下雨天路上全是泥，开车很困难，他们担心车陷在泥里。
2．What does the underlined word “ducking” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Turning.
B．Touching.
C．Lowering.
D．Hitting.
C　解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段的The passage(通道) was...not tall enough to allow us to stand up straight.可知，通道不够高，他们不能抬头，只能猫着腰，“低”头前进。
3．Which of the following can best describe the clerk of the drugstore?
A．Impatient.
B．Careless.
C．Hard?working.
D．Warm?hearted.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的Seeing our entirely wet hair and clothes，she handed each of us a cup of hot water immediately and asked if there was anything wrong with any of us.可知，药店的店员很热心。
4．What can we know from the passage?
A．The class failed to see the mica mine.
B．The weather terribly influenced the trip.
C．The teacher was not professional enough.
D．The author was not liked by her classmates.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据末段的We all felt we had had a wonderful time，even if we didn’t find the mine.可知，作者所在班级并没有找到云母矿。
B
Before you make friends，you have to decide who you want to be your friends.Most people like to have friends who like to do the same kind of things they do.
The quickest way to make a friend is to smile.When you smile，people think you are friendly and easy to talk to.It may not be easy at first to smile，but remember most people will stay away from a scared or angry looking.
One easy way to start a conversation with someone is to say something nice about him.Think about how great you feel when someone says something nice to you.Doesn’t it make you want to keep talking to that person?
Ask your new friends questions about themselves.Who’s their favourite singer，where do they live，what do they do after school are all good questions to start a conversation.Make sure you have something to add to the conversation，too.When someone asks you a question，do have an answer for it.There is nothing that will stop a conversation quicker than a shrug for an answer．
Kids who show an interest in other kids and who are kind and friendly make good friends. Remember，everyone wants to be around people who like to do similar things and people who are nice to them.
【解题导语】　本文就如何交朋友给出了一些建议。最快捷的方式是微笑，以赞美的方式开始对话，还要志趣相投，这样才能交到更多的朋友。
5．This passage gives us some advice on ________．
A．how to make friends
B．who you can make friends with
C．how to start a conversation
D．the importance of smile
A　解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句Before you make friends，you have to decide who you want to be your friends.及最后一段第一句Kids who show an interest in other kids and who are kind and friendly make good friends.可知，本文是针对如何交友提出建议，故选A项。
6．Most people like to make friends with those ________．
A．who are sad every day
B．who share the same interest
C．who are fond of talking
D．who say bad things to them
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句...do the same kind of things they do.及最后一段最后一句中的do similar things可知，志趣相投的人容易成为朋友，故选B项。
7．According to the third paragraph，most people enjoy talking to one ________．
A．who is always smiling
B．who seems to be friendly
C．who praises them
D．who points out their shortcomings
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句One easy way to start a conversation with someone is to say something nice about him.Think about how great you feel when someone says something nice to you.可知，人们喜欢同赞扬自己的人交谈，故选C项。
8．What does the underlined part in this passage mean?
A．Being very proud.
B．Making no answer.
C．Knowing nothing.
D．Not hoping to answer.
B　解析：词义猜测题。结合上文可知画线部分所在句的意思与When someone asks you a question，do have an answer for it.相反，故画线部分所在句的意思是，没有什么比耸肩表示不知道答案能更快地结束(与他人的)对话了，故选B项。
七选五
Your first year of high school is here，but you don’t know what you’ll do! So you’ll feel nervous about it.1.________ Here are some ideas that can help you.
·Make a lot of friends.Friends are people you can depend on and trust.They’ll help you in your hour of need.So，from the faces you see every day，find those who can be your true friends，and you must defend(保卫) your friendships.2.________ Knowing new people is one of the most pleasant things to do in high school.
·Don’t break school rules.For example，don’t be late for class or don’t make noise in class.3.________ This is because fighting could lead to trouble.
·4.________ Teachers really hate it if you don’t prepare well.So you should have all your school things in your schoolbag.You can make a mental(心理的) list of everything you need to have when you leave your classroom so that you won’t forget anything next school day.
·Learn in a smarter way.5.________ Go over your class notes once a week.Finish your homework on time.Especially，it’s better to develop the habit of asking your teachers or classmates for help when you have problems with your study.All these methods will help you study better!
By using the above ideas，you’ll have a wonderful high school life!
A．Be prepared all the time.
B．Most importantly，don’t get into fights.
C．Don’t be afraid to get extra help after school.
D．For example，pay close attention during the class.
E．Actively take part in after?class activities in school.
F．To avoid this，you should get used to your high school life soon.
G．However，don’t ignore those who you’ve met but don’t know well.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何尽快适应高中生活。
1．F　解析：上文提到你对高一的生活感到紧张，下文提出了解决方法，故本空为过渡句，即尽快适应高中生活才会让你不感到紧张。
2．G　解析：根据本空前的So，from the faces you see every day，find those who can be your true friends和本空后的Knowing new people is one of the most pleasant things to do in high school.可知，本空应该是转折后的内容“但是，不要忽略那些你已认识但了解不深的人”。且第二段中多处出现的friends也有提示。
3．B　解析：根据本空后的fighting could lead to trouble可知，本空指的是“别打架”。
4．A　解析：根据本空后的Teachers really hate it if you don’t prepare well.可知，此处建议“始终做好准备”。
5．D　解析：根据本空前的主题句及空后句子可知，本段在介绍学习方法，故本空处应该是举例说明。






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Section Ⅱ　Warming Up & Reading—Language Points


　add up　合计
(教材P1)Add up your score and see how many points you get.　累加你的分数，看你能得多少分。
add up to 加起来是……；相当于
add to 增加，促进(在原有基础上增加)
add...to... 把……加到……上　
①Please add up all the money I borrowed from you.
请把我从你那里借的钱全部加起来。
②His entire school education added up to no more than a year.
他受的全部教育加起来不超过一年。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Write down your scores of all subjects and then add them up．
②As far as I know，the bad weather added to their trouble.
③I’d like to add more sugar to my coffee.
[链接写作]——高考小作文
④(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)此外， 参观展览将增加你对中国传统文化的理解。
In addition, visiting the exhibition will add to your understanding of traditional Chinese culture.
upset　adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的
vt.(upset; upset; upsetting)使不安；使心烦；打翻
(教材P1)Your friend comes to school very upset.
你的朋友来上学时心情很不好。
(1)upset oneself 使自己感到心烦
It upset(s) sb.that... 让某人不高兴的是……
(2)be upset about 为……烦恼/不安
be upset that... 心烦……
①The bad weather will upset our plan for a picnic.
这坏天气会把我们野餐的计划打乱。
②Mary was upset that he had left without saying goodbye.
他的不辞而别让玛丽感到不安。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①After the exam, Tom stayed in his room, upset(upset)．
②I was upset(upset) that Mary ignored me when I passed by her.
③She was upset to know(know) that she failed in the exam.
[链接写作]——一句多译
他没通过考试，这使他心烦意乱。
④He failed in the exam，which made him upset．(upset adj.)
⑤He failed in the exam，which upset him．(upset vt.)
ignore　vt.不理睬；忽视
(经典例句)I said hello to him, but he ignored me completely.
我向他问好，但是他完全不理我。
ignore one’s advice/mistakes 忽视某人的建议/过错
ignore traffic rules 无视交通规则
He ignored my advice so he failed in the game.
他无视我的忠告，因此输掉了比赛。
[链接写作]——完成句子
如果想取得更大的进步，你不应该忽视你的错误。
You should not ignore your mistakes if you want to make greater progress.
calm　vt.&vi.(使)平静；(使)镇定
adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的
(教材P1)You will ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.
你会不顾铃声而去某个安静的地方安慰你的朋友。
(1)calm down　 平静下来
calm sb.down 使某人平静下来；使某人镇定下来
(2)keep calm 保持镇静　
①Calm down! There is nothing to worry about.
镇静下来！没有什么可担心的。
②Calm yourself down；there is no need to feel upset about it.
让你自己平静下来，没有必要为此事心烦。
[链接写作]——完成句子
在面临危险时，保持镇静是重要的。
It is important to keep calm in face of danger.
concern　vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到
n．担心；关注；(利害)关系
(教材P1)You will tell your friend that you are concerned about him/her and you will meet after class and talk then.
你会告诉你的朋友你很关心他/她，下课后你们会见面再谈。
(1)concern oneself about... 关心……
(2)express/show concern about/for 对……表示关心/担心
have no concern with... 和……无关
(3)concerned adj. 关切的；担心的
be concerned about/for 关心……
as/so far as...be concerned 就……而言　
①Since there is always heavy fog，many people begin to concern themselves about air pollution.
因为大雾经常发生，很多人开始关心空气污染问题。
②Honestly speaking，I have no concern with the matter.
诚实地说，我与那事无关。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Perhaps everyone present at the meeting was concerned_(concern) about their own interests.
②Concerned(concern) about her friend’s safety，Lucy called the police.
③One of the concerns(concern) that people have is the bad influence of air pollution.
[链接写作]——词汇升级
④(普通表达)(2017·浙江卷11月)In my opinion, you can have a better understanding of the Spring Festival through the activities.
(高级表达)As far as I’m concerned, you can have a better understanding of the Spring Festival through the activities.
go through　经历；经受；通过；仔细检查；完成；用完
(教材P2)Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you，or would not understand what you are going through?
或者你是否害怕你的朋友会嘲笑你、不理解你目前的处境呢？
[一词多义]——写出下列句中go through的含义
①He must have gone through many difficulties before he succeeded.经历
②You must go through your papers before you hand them in.检查
③Luckily, we went through our task ahead of time. 完成
④The plan went through，which made us all happy.通过
go by (指时间)过去；消逝
go over 复习；温习
go in for 喜欢　
[即学即练]——用go的相关短语填空
⑤Most students in our class go in for_outdoor activities.
⑥I believe things will get better as time goes by．
⑦With the final exam coming, we must go over all the subjects before the exam.
set down　记下；放下；登记
(教材P2)I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do.
我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。
set out (to do sth.) 出发；开始干某事
set about doing sth. 着手做某事
①You’d better set down your idea before you forget it.
趁你还没有忘记，你最好把你的想法写下来。
②My mother set down a glass of milk on the desk and then left in a hurry.
我妈妈在课桌上放了一杯牛奶后匆忙离开了。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①As the student was listening to the teacher, he set down what his teacher said.
②The moment he arrived home，he set about cleaning(clean) the house.
＝The moment he arrived home，he set out to clean(clean) the house.
on purpose　故意
(经典例句)As far as I’m concerned, he made fun of you on purpose.
依我看来， 他是故意嘲笑你的。
(1)for/with the purpose of...　 为了/带着……的目的；目的是
(2)by accident 偶然地
by chance 偶然地，意外地
It seemed that Tom ignored you on purpose.
看起来似乎汤姆是故意不理睬你的。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①I don’t know whether he broke the window on_purpose or_by accident/chance.
②The young man went to Beijing with/for the purpose of finding a good job.
in order to　为了……；以便……
(经典例句)In order to get to the company on time，we have got to set out early in the morning.
为了按时到达公司， 我们必须早晨早出发。
(1)in order to“为了……”，既可以置于句首，又可置于句中。
(2)so as to“为了……”，只可置于句中，不可置于句首。
(3)in order that“为了……”，引导目的状语从句，从句中的谓语动词前常带may，might，can，could等情态动词。
The girl got up early every day in order to take care of her mother.
为了照顾母亲，这个女孩每天都起得很早。
[链接写作]——一句多译
为了与玛丽保持联系，我记下了她的电话号码。
①In order to keep in touch with Mary，I set down her telephone number.
②I set down her telephone number in order to/so as to keep in touch with Mary.
③I set down her telephone number in order that/so that I can keep in touch with Mary.
power　n．能力；力量；权力
(经典例句)As is known to us，knowledge is power.
众所周知，知识就是力量。
(1)have the power to do sth. 具有做某事的能力
come to power 上台；执政(动作)
be in power 执政；掌权(状态)
beyond/out of one’s power 力所不能及的
(2)powerful adj. 强有力的
①There was a time when the girl lost the power of speech.
曾经有一段时间，这个女孩不能说话。
②It is reported that the new president will settle a lot of problems the moment he comes to power.
据报道，新总统一上台就要解决很多问题。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①It has been four years since he came to power.
②I’m very sorry, it is beyond my power to finish such a difficult task.
③I do believe that encouragement is so powerful(power) that it can change a person.
[链接写作]——一句多译
据我所知，这个政党执政两年了。
④As far as I know, it is two years since the party came to power．
⑤As far as I know, the party has been in power for two years.

while/when 引导省略句
(教材P1)While walking the dog，you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.
在遛狗的时候，你不小心松了手，结果狗被一辆汽车撞了。
句中While walking the dog相当于While you were walking the dog。
当when，while，though，even if，unless，if，as if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为it且状语从句谓语中含有be动词时，省略从句中的主语或it和be动词。
①While (I was) waiting for the bus, I met an old friend.
在等公共汽车时，我遇到了一个老朋友。
②When (it is) necessary，you can look up the word in a dictionary.
必要的时候你可以在词典里查这个单词。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①While playing(play) with his children outdoors，the father felt very happy.
②When asked(ask) why he was late for class，he kept silent.
[链接写作]——句式升级
③(普通表达)While we were climbing the mountain，we enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful view.
(高级表达)While climbing the mountain，we enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful view.(省略)
(1)I wonder if...我不知道是否……
(2)强调句型
(教材P2)I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
(1)I wonder if/whether...“我不知道是否……”，表示有礼貌地询问某事或请求帮助。
(2)强调句的结构为：It is/was＋被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)＋that/who(当强调主语且主语指人时可以用who或that，其他情况只能用that)＋其他部分。
①I wonder if/whether you can help me to calm the little boy down.
不知道您能否帮我让这个小男孩平静下来。
②It is my mother who/that gives me encouragement when I meet with difficulties.
是我母亲在我遇到困难时给予我鼓励。
③It was at the cinema that I met an old friend of mine.
我是在电影院遇见了我的一位老朋友。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①I wonder if/whether I could set down what you said just now.
②It was last night that I met Mary on my way to school.
[链接写作]——句型转换
Yesterday my grandpa walked the dog at dusk in the street.
③→It was my grandpa that/who walked the dog at dusk in the street yesterday.(强调主语)
④→It was at dusk yesterday that my grandpa walked the dog in the street.(强调时间状语)
⑤→It was in the street that my grandpa walked the dog at dusk yesterday.(强调地点状语)
It was the first time that...第一次做某事
(教材P2)...it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face...
……这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚……
(1)It/This/That was the first/second time that...这是第一次/第二次做……，是常用句式，从句要用过去完成时。
(2)It is the first/second time that...从句中要用现在完成时。
①It was the first time that he had got such a good chance.
这是他第一次得到了这样的一个好机会。
②This is the first time that we have seen a film in the cinema together as a family.
这是我们第一次作为一个家庭在电影院看电影。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①It is the third time that I have walked(walk) with my parents.
②It was the second time that I had won(win) the race, which made us all surprised.
It’s no pleasure doing sth.做某事没有乐趣
(教材P2)It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.
透过窗帘观看大自然已经不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。
It is/was＋n.＋doing sth.是一个固定句型。该句型中的名词(词组)常用no use, no good, no fun, a waste of time/money等。
①Suddenly, I feel it is no pleasure watching cartoons day after day.　突然， 我意识到每天看动画片没有意义。
②In my opinion, it is no good smoking. You’d better give it up.
依我看来， 吸烟没有好处。 你最好戒烟。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①It’s no use advising(advise) him to change his mind.
②It’s no pleasure watching(watch) the football match at home alone, so I went to have a walk with my friends.


品句填词
1．The boy hid himself behind the curtain(窗帘) and looked out through the window.
2．My sister was always calm(镇静的) and careful while I would get excited and upset by the slightest thing.
3．At first，we do not believe we have the power(能力) to improve our environment.As a matter of fact，we can make a difference.
4．Children should spend more time taking exercise outdoors(在户外) and less time watching TV at home.
5．There was frequent thunder and lightning，and heavy rain.
6．The table is rather dusty(布满灰尘的)．We should wipe it clean.
7．It still upsets(使心烦) him when he thinks about the accident.
8．When Susan passed by，she ignored(不理睬) any of us.
9．More and more people are concerned(关心) about the traffic safety now.
10．He worked with one of his business partners(合作者) to finish a great project.
11．The animals got loose and ran away.
12．The two travelers found a place at dusk(黄昏时刻) to spend the night.
单句改错
1．I know that it is difficult to stay calmly，but there is nothing to worry about.calmly→calm
2．Both sides are deeply concerned with the serious situation in the country.with→about
3．In order that catch the train he got up very early.that→to
4．While drive，you must follow the traffic laws.drive→driving
5．My camera is broken，and I will get it repairing tomorrow.repairing→repaired
6．It was the first time that I has ever seen the sea.was→is/has→had
7．There was time when talking about the event was not allowed in the family.time前加a
8．Mike spoke loudly in purpose to draw his father’s attention.in→on
完成句子
1．The street lights come on at dusk(在黄昏时刻) and go off at dawn.
2．I get quite a lot of exercise myself by walking the dog(遛狗)．
3．I wonder if(我不知道是否) I could use your computer.
4．You have got to(必须) eat more vegetables.
5．It’s no pleasure(没有乐趣) staying indoors all day long.
6．You will never know what she has gone through(经历了) to educate her children.
7．The police asked him to set down(写下) what he had seen last night.
8．There was once a time when(曾经有一段时间) I went to the cinema once a week at university.
课文语法填空
During World War Ⅱ， Anne and her family had to hide to avoid 1.being caught(catch) by the German Nazis because they were Jewish.When they were in the hiding place，Anne made her diary her best friend，2.whose name was Kitty.In her diary，Anne set down her own 3.feelings(feel) rather than a series of facts.
Here is one example of her diary.Anne had grown so crazy 4.about everything to do with nature and everything in nature had kept her spellbound.
One evening，Anne stayed awake on purpose in order to see the moon by 5.herself(she)．She didn’t dare open 6.a window，because the moonlight was too strong.Five months ago，Anne happened 7.to be(be) upstairs at dusk when the window was open.She stayed upstairs until the window was shut.Nature held her 8.entirely(entire) in its power.It was the first time in a year and a half that she 9.had seen(see) the night face to face...
Anne felt it was no pleasure 10.looking(look) at nature through dirty curtains any longer，because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.

单句语法填空
1．When Mr.Lee worked in our company，he entirely(entire) put his heart into the work.
2．The dusty(dust) car suggested that your brother had been to the countryside.
3．The kids walked into the forest but they ignored(ignore) the fact that it was getting darker and darker.
4．Alice is crazy about music and she plays the piano all day.
5．He was very upset(upset) because his pen pal didn’t reply to his letters in time.
6．I said hello to Peter but he just ignored(ignore) me and walked away.
7．When something bad happens，you should stay calm(calm) and think quickly.
8．Your parents are deeply concerned(concern) about you，so please go home at once.
9．It was the first time that I had talked(talk) face to face with the president.
10．It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.
阅读理解
A
In early November of 1942，my geology(地质学) class was supposed to go on a field trip to see the mica mine(云母矿)．Although it rained，everyone showed up on time.I was the only girl in the class.We all fit into two cars.
Near Deary，Mr.Tier，our teacher，went into a store to ask about the direction，while townsmen looked at us with curiosity.On the store owner’s advice，we drove out into the hills for a few miles.Then we left the cars.We were afraid they would get stuck in the mud.
Eventually，we located the mine near the top of the mountain.There was a very small hole，running about two or three hundred feet into the mountainside.The passage(通道) was so narrow that we could touch both sides with our hands，and not tall enough to allow us to stand up straight.The first boy held the torch；we took hold of the backs of each other’s coats，in a line，and followed him in，ducking our heads.After getting in，we were disappointed because it was not the mine our teacher was looking for.
The rain was coming down hard as we started back to the cars to go home.Back at Deary，we went into a drugstore and stood around its big heating stove to dry out.The clerk was a middle?aged lady.Seeing our entirely wet hair and clothes，she handed each of us a cup of hot water immediately and asked if there was anything wrong with any of us.
Hiking eight miles in the rain had not reduced our interest at all.We all felt we had had a wonderful time，even if we didn’t find the mine.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者的老师带领全班同学进行了一次户外寻矿活动。
1．Why did the class leave the cars halfway?
A．Because their cars broke down in Deary.
B．Because it was not easy to drive in the mud.
C．Because townsmen were curious about their cars.
D．Because the store owner gave them a wrong direction.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的We were afraid they would get stuck in the mud.可知，下雨天路上全是泥，开车很困难，他们担心车陷在泥里。
2．What does the underlined word “ducking” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Turning.
B．Touching.
C．Lowering.
D．Hitting.
C　解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段的The passage(通道) was...not tall enough to allow us to stand up straight.可知，通道不够高，他们不能抬头，只能猫着腰，“低”头前进。
3．Which of the following can best describe the clerk of the drugstore?
A．Impatient.
B．Careless.
C．Hard?working.
D．Warm?hearted.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的Seeing our entirely wet hair and clothes，she handed each of us a cup of hot water immediately and asked if there was anything wrong with any of us.可知，药店的店员很热心。
4．What can we know from the passage?
A．The class failed to see the mica mine.
B．The weather terribly influenced the trip.
C．The teacher was not professional enough.
D．The author was not liked by her classmates.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据末段的We all felt we had had a wonderful time，even if we didn’t find the mine.可知，作者所在班级并没有找到云母矿。
B
Before you make friends，you have to decide who you want to be your friends.Most people like to have friends who like to do the same kind of things they do.
The quickest way to make a friend is to smile.When you smile，people think you are friendly and easy to talk to.It may not be easy at first to smile，but remember most people will stay away from a scared or angry looking.
One easy way to start a conversation with someone is to say something nice about him.Think about how great you feel when someone says something nice to you.Doesn’t it make you want to keep talking to that person?
Ask your new friends questions about themselves.Who’s their favourite singer，where do they live，what do they do after school are all good questions to start a conversation.Make sure you have something to add to the conversation，too.When someone asks you a question，do have an answer for it.There is nothing that will stop a conversation quicker than a shrug for an answer．
Kids who show an interest in other kids and who are kind and friendly make good friends. Remember，everyone wants to be around people who like to do similar things and people who are nice to them.
【解题导语】　本文就如何交朋友给出了一些建议。最快捷的方式是微笑，以赞美的方式开始对话，还要志趣相投，这样才能交到更多的朋友。
5．This passage gives us some advice on ________．
A．how to make friends
B．who you can make friends with
C．how to start a conversation
D．the importance of smile
A　解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句Before you make friends，you have to decide who you want to be your friends.及最后一段第一句Kids who show an interest in other kids and who are kind and friendly make good friends.可知，本文是针对如何交友提出建议，故选A项。
6．Most people like to make friends with those ________．
A．who are sad every day
B．who share the same interest
C．who are fond of talking
D．who say bad things to them
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句...do the same kind of things they do.及最后一段最后一句中的do similar things可知，志趣相投的人容易成为朋友，故选B项。
7．According to the third paragraph，most people enjoy talking to one ________．
A．who is always smiling
B．who seems to be friendly
C．who praises them
D．who points out their shortcomings
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句One easy way to start a conversation with someone is to say something nice about him.Think about how great you feel when someone says something nice to you.可知，人们喜欢同赞扬自己的人交谈，故选C项。
8．What does the underlined part in this passage mean?
A．Being very proud.
B．Making no answer.
C．Knowing nothing.
D．Not hoping to answer.
B　解析：词义猜测题。结合上文可知画线部分所在句的意思与When someone asks you a question，do have an answer for it.相反，故画线部分所在句的意思是，没有什么比耸肩表示不知道答案能更快地结束(与他人的)对话了，故选B项。
七选五
Your first year of high school is here，but you don’t know what you’ll do! So you’ll feel nervous about it.1.________ Here are some ideas that can help you.
·Make a lot of friends.Friends are people you can depend on and trust.They’ll help you in your hour of need.So，from the faces you see every day，find those who can be your true friends，and you must defend(保卫) your friendships.2.________ Knowing new people is one of the most pleasant things to do in high school.
·Don’t break school rules.For example，don’t be late for class or don’t make noise in class.3.________ This is because fighting could lead to trouble.
·4.________ Teachers really hate it if you don’t prepare well.So you should have all your school things in your schoolbag.You can make a mental(心理的) list of everything you need to have when you leave your classroom so that you won’t forget anything next school day.
·Learn in a smarter way.5.________ Go over your class notes once a week.Finish your homework on time.Especially，it’s better to develop the habit of asking your teachers or classmates for help when you have problems with your study.All these methods will help you study better!
By using the above ideas，you’ll have a wonderful high school life!
A．Be prepared all the time.
B．Most importantly，don’t get into fights.
C．Don’t be afraid to get extra help after school.
D．For example，pay close attention during the class.
E．Actively take part in after?class activities in school.
F．To avoid this，you should get used to your high school life soon.
G．However，don’t ignore those who you’ve met but don’t know well.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何尽快适应高中生活。
1．F　解析：上文提到你对高一的生活感到紧张，下文提出了解决方法，故本空为过渡句，即尽快适应高中生活才会让你不感到紧张。
2．G　解析：根据本空前的So，from the faces you see every day，find those who can be your true friends和本空后的Knowing new people is one of the most pleasant things to do in high school.可知，本空应该是转折后的内容“但是，不要忽略那些你已认识但了解不深的人”。且第二段中多处出现的friends也有提示。
3．B　解析：根据本空后的fighting could lead to trouble可知，本空指的是“别打架”。
4．A　解析：根据本空后的Teachers really hate it if you don’t prepare well.可知，此处建议“始终做好准备”。
5．D　解析：根据本空前的主题句及空后句子可知，本段在介绍学习方法，故本空处应该是举例说明。






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Section Ⅲ Learning about Language & Using Language


品句填词
1．Roughly speaking, it took them a thousand years to settle down.
2．In that cold winter，he wore a hat，gloves and a(n) overcoat(大衣)．
3．After a few days of fever，she began to recover．
4．A(n) suitcase(手提箱) is enough to take your clothes with you on holiday.
5．This suitcase is full.I can’t pack(打包) any more clothes in.
6．Charlie and his mother often disagree(不同意) with each other.They have different opinions on most things.
7．The old man went through many difficulties and suffered(遭受) a lot from them.
8．Can you give me some useful tips(提示) on how to get along well with others?
9．I’m sorry I dislike(不喜欢) joining in your discussion.
10．Everything was placed exactly(确切地) where he wanted it.
选词填空
go through; face to face; calm down; join in; get along well with; pack up; a series of; fall in love with
1．Don’t shout any more.Please calm down and tell me what has happened.
2．Without giving us a chance to explain，she packed up her clothes and left.
3．With someone I love I can go through all the hardships of life.
4．It is hoped that every student will join in the discussion.
5．The curious student always asks his teacher a series of questions.
6．You’d better communicate with each other face to face in case there are some misunderstandings.
7．I got along well with my classmates when I was in junior high school.
8．Jack fell in love with Susan at first sight，but Susan didn’t like him.
完成句子
1．如果你能给我一些关于如何提高英语口语的建议的话，我将非常感激。(grateful)
I will be very grateful if you can give me some advice on how to improve my spoken English.
2．张老师停了下来加入了我们关于如何节约用水的讨论。(join in)
Mr.Zhang stopped to join in our discussion about how to save water.
3．虽然玛丽已经学英语三年了，但她发现用英语与美国人说话依旧很难。(find it hard to do)
Although Mary has been studying English for three years，she still finds it hard to speak with Americans in English.
4．这个男孩躺在沙发上时就睡着了。(状语从句的省略)
While lying on the couch，the boy fell asleep.
5．我父亲恰好在信到达之前就前往加拿大了。(before引导时间状语从句)
My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.
6．汤姆是在超市里丢的钱包。(it is/was...that...强调句型)
It was in the supermarket that Tom lost his wallet.

单句语法填空
1．After he settled(settle) down in the city，he wrote her a letter to invite her to visit his new house.
2．She was grateful to him for being so good to her.
3．Father sometimes goes to the gym with us although he dislikes going(go) there.
4．He had promised his mother that he wouldn’t watch TV plays，but he was exactly(exact) doing that last night.
5．I often disagree(agree) with him about what we ought to do，but we still get along quite well.
6．Mark never starts studying so he is having trouble with the lessons at the moment.
7．He was tired of the city life and hoped to move to the country.
8．Teenagers(teenager) should remember that there’s something more important than playing.
9．He does(do) hope that you can forget what he has done.
10．You’ll find it quite helpful to do(do) what you are interested in.
阅读理解
Like any new ninth?grader on the first day of school，Joemar Class had ninth?grader emotion(情绪). He’s not used to school in Hartford.He’s used to going to school in his hometown of Florida，used to seeing his friends，used to having class in Spanish.
“Nervioso，”he said in Spanish.
We first met Joemar in mid?October in the San Juan Airport.His father，Guillermo Class，had sold his car to buy plane tickets to get his kids and fly them up from Puerto Rico.The island was almost destroyed(毁坏) by the deadly storm—Hurricane Maria.
Now，they are settling into their new home in Hartford’s South End.A week later，and，using his wife’s car，Class drove 16?year?old Joemar to his first day at Bulkeley High School.After a short ride，he got out in front of his new school.Inside，he met Gretchen Levitz—the school’s program director.
“I see you have a new uniform(校服)，”Levitz said.“You look great.Are you ready for a good first day？”
Then he met a couple of teachers.
“Hello，” they each said in Spanish.They asked where he’s from，and told him they were happy to see him.Then，Levitz took him on a quick tour of the school before classes began—to her office，the school store，the library，and the dining hall.
A total of 19 languages are spoken in Bulkeley High School.“We have so many new students coming here from other countries every single day，” Levitz said.“So it’s not like he’s the only one who has that feeling.”
“You could tell he’s a little worried，” Guillermo said as we left. “But，at the same time，he’s looking forward to it.”
【解题导语】　本文是一则新闻报道。文章主要报道了一名十六岁的男孩转校第一天上学的经历。
1．What kind of feeling did Joemar have on his first day of school?
A．Angry. B．Excited.
C．Nervous. D．Relaxed.
C　解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的He’s not used to school in Hartford和第二段“Nervioso，” he said in Spanish.以及最后一段中的he’s a little worried可知，到新学校的第一天Joemar感到紧张不安。
2．Why did Joemar leave Florida?
A．His old school closed down.
B．He wanted to see his mother.
C．He expected to have a new life.
D．His town was hit by a terrible storm.
D　解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的his hometown of Florida和第三段中的fly them up from Puerto Rico.The island was almost destroyed(毁坏) by the deadly storm可知，Joemar的家乡遭遇了飓风的袭击。
3．What did Joemar do before he walked into his new classroom?
A．He had a long talk with his father.
B．He learned some simple Spanish words.
C．He said hello to some of his classmates.
D．He had a short look around his new school.
D　解析：细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的Levitz took him on a quick tour of the school before classes began可知，Joemar走进教室之前在Levitz的指引下简单参观了一下学校。
4．What can we learn about Bulkeley High School?
A．It has no library.
B．It is an international school.
C．It plans to open Spanish classes.
D．It requires all students to wear uniforms.
B　解析：推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的A total of 19 languages are spoken in Bulkeley High School...have so many new students coming here from other countries可知，该校是一所国际学校。
七选五
High school is an important time of your life，so you need to learn to spend your high school time wisely.Here are some ideas that can help you.
Studies come first.Make sure that you understand everything the teachers teach.1.________ Take notes if you think your teacher is teaching something important.Also，have a plan for what you’re going to study.It is best if you could touch on every subject every day.
2．________ Don’t delay(推迟) your today’s homework until tomorrow.If you happen to be sick，call or e?mail a friend to see if they can give you the homework.In high school，being sick isn’t an excuse for not doing homework unless you’re very sick.
Develop good relationships.High school is also a time for you to enjoy with your friends! 3.________ Choose to get along with those who like you for who you are.What’s more，you should try to make friends with teachers.
Develop self?discipline(自律)．Try to always be present in school.4.________ While your teacher is teaching，keep quiet unless he or she is asking for answers.If your friends want to talk to you in class，ask them to wait until later.
Be active！Take an active part in after?class activities.5.________ Join school clubs which will help you develop them.
A．Finish your homework on time.
B．Find hobbies that you’re good at.
C．Always be on time for every class.
D．Set down your homework carefully.
E．You’ll make more friends if you try this.
F．Ask for help if you don’t understand anything.
G．Smile at people to make them see you are nice and happy.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何度过高中生活。
1．F　解析：该空上一句说确保你理解老师教的所有内容，F项与此承接，如果有不懂的，要寻求帮助。
2．A　解析：根据该空后多次出现的homework可知，该段内容与homework有关，A项和D项都提到了homework，根据该空后的内容可知，本段的主题是按时完成作业。
3．G　解析：该段的主题是建立良好关系，根据该空前一句可知，高中是与朋友一起享受的好时光，所以该空内容应与交友有关，七个选项中与交友有关的是E项和G项，但是E项中this指代不明确，故选G项。
4．C　解析：根据该段的主题句可知，本段内容与自律有关，再根据该空前一句可知，应选C项“每节课都要准时到”。
5．B　解析：该空前内容为积极参加课外活动，而该空后的them应有所指代，根据该空后的clubs可知，应选B项，them指代B项中的hobbies。
完形填空
Geoff Hoffman，discovered that his dog，Bridget，was lost after his home was broken into on Dec.20.That night，Hoffman __1__ asked his friends including his Facebook followers to help him __2__ the dog. “She is my source of joy，so she is very__3__ to me，” Hoffman said.
The next day，Hoffman，who served in Afghanistan for eight years，had to __4__ the US.“I told myself that I would never __5__ looking for Bridget unless two situations appeared: She came back home __6__ I knew with certainty that she was __7__，” he said.
After Bridget went missing，Hoffman called the local police.He asked the police __8__ they could share his story with the public.They __9__．Then Hoffman __10__ more than 100 cards __11__ Bridget’s photo and advertised a “large reward(赏金)” for her __12__．Hoffman also created a Facebook group called Bring Bridget Back in the hope of gathering more information for his __13__．
On the morning of Christmas Eve，Hoffman’s efforts __14__. “One of my Facebook followers left a __15__ for me.He said he had seen Bridget，”Hoffman said. “She was __16__ by the side of the road as if she had fallen asleep.” Hoffman was very __17__ and then immediately made contact(联系) with the man.Perhaps Bridget hadn’t __18__ for days，so she looked very weak.
Hoffman said he was moved by the __19__ of strangers.It was a very special Christmas.“I was full of __20__ when I saw Bridget，” Hoffman said.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了在好心人的帮助下，Geoff Hoffman找到丢失的狗的故事。
1．A.finally B．immediately
C．frequently D．actually
B　解析：根据下文的内容可知，Bridget是Hoffman快乐的源泉，对他非常重要，所以他才会“立即”请求他的朋友们包括他Facebook的粉丝们帮助他找狗。
2．A.find B．feed
C．train D．keep
A　解析：根据上文的Geoff Hoffman，discovered that his dog，Bridget，was lost after his home was broken into on Dec.20.可知，那天晚上，Hoffman立即请求他的朋友们包括他Facebook的粉丝们帮助他“找”狗。
3．A.friendly B．rude
C．grateful D．important
D　解析：根据上文的She is my source of joy，so...可知，这条狗对Hoffman来说非常“重要”。
4．A.visit B．protect
C．leave D．develop
C　解析：根据语境可知，Hoffman在阿富汗服役八年。第二天，他不得不“离开”美国。
5．A.suggest B．stop
C．consider D．regret
B　解析：根据下文的内容可知，Hoffman告诉他自己：只有两种情况下，他才会“停止”寻找Bridget。
6．A.or B．and
C．until D．unless
A　解析：根据语境可知，这两种情况是Bridget回家“或者”Hoffman确认Bridget已经死亡。
7．A.blind B．disabled
C．dead D．sick
C　解析：根据语境可知，这两种情况是Bridget回家或者Hoffman确认Bridget已经“死亡”。
8．A.how B．when
C．whether D．where
C　解析：根据上下文的内容可知，Hoffman问警察“是否”可以向公众分享他的故事。
9．A.changed B．complained
C．wondered D．agreed
D　解析：根据下文的内容可知，警察“同意”了。
10．A.printed B．donated
C．collected D．borrowed
A　解析：根据语境可知，Hoffman“印制”了100多张附有Bridget照片的卡片。
11．A.in B．on
C．with D．about
C　解析：根据语境可知，Hoffman印制了100多张“附有”Bridget照片的卡片。这里用with。
12．A.work B．return
C．care D．role
B　解析：根据语境可知，这里指为了能让Bridget“返回”而登悬赏广告。
13．A.study B．experiment
C．story D．search
D　解析：根据语境可知，Hoffman还创建了名叫Bring Bridget Back的Facebook小组织，希望能为他的“寻找”收集更多的信息。
14．A.went away B．slowed down
C．paid off D．went ahead
C　解析：根据语境可知，Hoffman的付出得到了“回报”。
15．A.letter B．message
C．gift D．bill
B　解析：根据上文的One of my Facebook followers...可知，Hoffman的一个Facebook粉丝给他留了个“消息”，说他看到了Bridget。
16．A.lying B．shouting
C．standing D．walking
A　解析：根据下文的...as if she had fallen asleep...可知，Bridget“躺”在路边似乎睡着了。
17．A.sad B．excited
C．worried D．calm
B　解析：根据语境可知，Hoffman非常“激动”。
18．A.swum B．climbed
C．slept D．eaten
D　解析：根据下文的...so she looked very weak.可知，也许Bridget几天没“吃”东西了，所以她看起来非常虚弱。
19．A.kindness B．praise
C．patience D．attention
A　解析：根据语境可知，陌生人的“善良”行为使Hoffman非常感动。
20．A.hope B．anger
C．happiness D．confidence
C　解析：根据语境可知，Hoffman看到Bridget的时候非常“高兴”。






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Section Ⅲ　Learning about Language & Using Language


重点单词
写作词汇
1.pack vi. & vt. 捆扎；包装；打行李
n. 小包；包裹
2.overcoat n. 大衣；外套
3.teenager n. 十几岁的青少年
4.grateful adj. 感激的；表示谢意的
5.tip n. 提示；技巧；尖；尖端；小费
vt. 倾斜；翻倒
拓展词汇
6.settle vi.安家；定居；停留vt.使定居；安排；解决→settler n．定居者；移民
7.suffer vt. & vi.遭受；忍受；经历→suffering n．痛苦；苦难
8.recover vi. & vt.痊愈；恢复；重新获得→recovery n．恢复；痊愈
9.exactly adv.确实如此；正是；确切地→exact adj.确切的
10.disagree vi.不同意→agree vi.同意
11.dislike n．& vt.不喜欢；厌恶→like n．& vt.喜欢
阅读词汇
12.loneliness n． 孤单；寂寞
13.highway n. 公路；大路
14.suitcase n. 手提箱；衣箱
15.gossip vi. & n． 闲话；闲谈
16.swap vt. 交换
17.item n. 项目；条款
重点短语
1.suffer from 遭受；患病
2.get/be tired of 对……厌烦
3.pack (sth.) up 将(东西)装箱打包
4.get along with 与……相处；进展
5.fall in love 相爱；爱上
6.join in 参加；加入
7.have trouble with sth./in doing sth. 做某事有困难
8.communicate with sb. 与某人交流
重点句型
1.have trouble with sth./in doing sth.做某事有困难
I am having some trouble with my classmates(和我的同学有些麻烦) at the moment.
2.find/think/make it＋adj./n.＋to do sth.
Although I try to talk to my classmates，I still find it hard to make good friends with them(发现很难和他们成为好朋友).
3.do加强语气
I do want to change this situation(的确想改变这种现状)，but I don’t know how.

Fast?reading
Skim the letters and choose the best answer.
1．What is the two letters’ main purpose?
A．To give advice. B．To ask for advice.
C．To make a promise. D．To keep a promise.
答案：B
2．Find out the main idea of each paragraph.
The letter on P6 A．Xiao Dong has difficulty in communicating with others and needs
some advice from Miss Wang.
The letter on P7 B．A gossip has made Lisa angry，and she wants to ask for some
advice from Miss Wang.
答案：BA
Careful?reading
Read the letters carefully and choose the best answer.
1．What is Lisa’s trouble?
A．She has fallen in love with a boy.
B．She can’t get along with a boy.
C．A gossip has made her very angry.
D．She is upset that she has no friends.
2．What is Xiao Dong’s trouble?
A．He has few friends.
B．He has trouble in communicating with others.
C．He always feels lonely.
D．He just doesn’t want to communicate with others.
3．Who can give these two writers some help according to these two passages?
A．Lisa.
B．Xiao Dong.
C．Miss Wang.
D．Mr.Wang.
答案：1－3.CBC


①have trouble with 与……有麻烦
②at the moment目前，此刻
③get along with与……相处；进展
表示“与某人相处得好”用get along well with sb.。
④gossip['ɡ?sIp]vi.&n.闲话；闲谈
⑤fall in love相爱；爱上
fall in love with sb.爱上某人
⑥communicate with sb.与某人交流
⑦make friends with sb.成为某人的朋友(friends必须用复数形式)
⑧grateful['ɡreItfl]adj.感激的；表示谢意的

Dear Miss Wang，
I am having some trouble with① my classmates at the moment②.I’m getting along well with③ a boy in my class.We often do homework together and we enjoy helping each other.We have become really good friends.But other students have started gossiping④.They say that this boy and I have fallen in love⑤ .This has made me angry．I don’t want to end the friendship，but I hate others gossiping.What should I do?
Yours，
Lisa
◆that引导的宾语从句作say的宾语。
◆made me angry为“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，此处形容词angry作宾补。
Dear Miss Wang，
I’m a student from Huzhou Senior High School.I have a problem.I’m not very good at communicating with⑥ people.Although I try to talk to my classmates，I still find it hard to make good friends with them⑦.So I feel quite lonely sometimes.I do want to change this situation，but I don’t know how.I would be grateful⑧ if you could give me some advice.
Yours，
Xiao Dong
◆Although引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”，主句中不能再用but，但可用yet或still。主句中find it hard to make...with them为“find＋it＋宾补＋不定式”结构，此处形容词hard作宾补；it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式to make...with them。
◆do在此处表示强调，起加强语气的作用。
◆if引导条件状语从句，此处也可把I would be grateful if...看作固定句型来记忆。

亲爱的王小姐：
目前我与同学们之间出现了一些问题。我跟我班里的一个男同学相处得很好。我们常常在一起做家庭作业，而且喜欢相互帮助。我们成了非常要好的朋友。但是，其他同学开始说闲话。他们说这个男孩儿和我在谈恋爱。这使我很生气。我不想结束这份友谊，但是我又讨厌别人说三道四。我该怎么办呢？
你的，
莉萨
亲爱的王小姐：
我是湖州高中的一名学生。我有一个问题。我不太擅长和人交流。虽然我尽力去跟我的同学交谈，但我还是发现很难和他们成为好朋友。因此，有时候我感到十分孤独。我确实想改变这种现状，但是我不知道该怎么办。如果您能给我一些建议的话，我将不胜感激。
你的，
萧东


　settle　vi.安家；定居；停留　vt.使定居；安排；解决
(经典例句)You’d better sit down and settle your differences face to face.
你们最好坐下来，面对面地解决你们的分歧。
(1)settle in/into 安顿下来；适应
settle down (使)安定；安居
settle down to (doing) sth. 着手认真做某事
(2)settler n. 移居者；殖民者
①His uncle chose to settle in the countryside.
他叔叔选择在乡下定居。
②They’d like to see their daughter settle down, get married and have kids.
他们想看着女儿安顿下来，结婚生子。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①With the problem settled(settle), he went home happily.
②The teacher told the students to settle down to studying(study) the text.
suffer　vt.&vi.遭受；忍受；经历
(教材P4)She suffered from loneliness，but she had to learn to like it there.
她遭受孤独，但是在那儿她不得不学着喜欢它。
(1)suffer from 患……病；因……而受苦
suffer from a bad cold 患重感冒
(2)suffer pains/hardship 遭受痛苦/困难
(3)suffering n. 苦难，痛苦
sufferer n. 受难者
①As far as I know, he has ever suffered from a serious illness.
据我所知，他曾患有严重的疾病。
②The company suffered a great loss as a result of the accident.
由于那次事故， 该公司遭受了重大损失。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①The people in this country have suffered(suffer) a lot because of the war.
②Though suffering(suffer) such a heavy loss，the boss didn’t lose the courage to go on with his business.
③The old man is said to have gone through all kinds of sufferings(suffer) during the war.
recover vi.&vt. 痊愈；恢复；重新获得
(教材P4)How can Linda recover from her illness in this room when it’s so dirty and dusty?
这个房间是如此的脏并且尘土飞扬，在这里琳达怎么能从疾病中康复呢？
(1)recover from 从……中恢复过来
recover oneself 镇定下来
(2)recovery n. 恢复；复苏；痊愈
make a recovery from... 从……中恢复过来
①To their joy, the thief was caught and many things were recovered.
令他们高兴的是， 小偷被抓住了， 而且很多东西被找回来了。
②He was told that it would be at least three more months before he could recover and return to work.
他被告知他至少还需要3个多月才能恢复并返回工作岗位。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①She soon recovered herself(she) and stopped crying.
②To recover(recover) the lost time, he is working harder than ever before.
[链接写作]——一句多译
尽管他在交通事故中严重受伤，但最后他终于康复了。
③Even though he was hurt seriously in the car accident, he finally recovered from it.(recover)
④Even though he was hurt seriously in the car accident, he finally made a recovery from it. (recovery)
get/be tired of　对……厌烦
(教材P5)I’ve got tired of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows...　我已经厌倦了透过肮脏的窗帘和布满灰尘的窗户看大自然……
be tired from/with　 由于……而疲劳
To be honest, I am tired of his boring speech.
实话说， 我厌烦了他无聊的演讲。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①I am tired of the windy and hot weather, so I’d like to settle in Beijing.
②I was tired from walking so long a distance.
get along with　与……相处；进展
(教材P6)I’m getting along well with a boy in my class.
我跟我班里的一个男同学相处得很好。
get along with sb. 与某人相处
get along with sth. 某事进展(如何)
get along/on well/nicely/badly with 与……相处得好/不好；
进展顺利/不顺利
①My son wrote to tell me that he was getting on well with his study abroad.
我儿子写信告诉我他在国外的学习进展顺利。
②Though the students came from different countries, they got along quite well with each other.
尽管学生们来自不同的国家， 但他们彼此相处得很好。
[链接写作]——高考小作文
(2017·天津卷)我很高兴地告诉你，我和我所有的老师和同学相处得都很好。
I’m pleased to tell you I’m getting along well with all my teachers and classmates.
fall in love　相爱；爱上
(教材P6)They say that this boy and I have fallen in love.
他们说这个男孩儿和我在谈恋爱。
(1)fall in love (with)“相爱；爱上”，表示动作，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
(2)be in love(with)“与……相爱”，表示状态，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。
①He fell in love with music when he was a child.
他还是个孩子时就爱上了音乐。
②The first time Tom saw Rose，Tom fell in love with her.
汤姆第一次看见罗斯时就爱上了她。
[链接写作]——一句多译
约翰和玛丽相爱三年了。
①John fell in love with Mary three years ago.
②John and Mary have been in love with each other for three years.
disagree　vi.不同意；不一致；不适合
(经典例句)At first I disagreed with his suggestion，but later I changed my mind and agreed.
开始我不同意他的建议，后来我改变主意同意了。
(1)disagree with 不同意某人的话；(天气等)不适宜，不适合
disagree with sb.on/about sth. 在某方面与某人有分歧
(2)disagreement n. 分歧
The cold climate here disagrees with my mother.
这儿寒冷的气候不适合我母亲。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①We all disagreed with what he said at the meeting.
②They disagreed with each other on the matter, so they didn’t reach an agreement.
③I’m quite upset these days as I have a disagreement(disagree) with my parents over my career choice.
grateful　adj.感激的；表示谢意的
(教材P7)I would be grateful if you could give me some advice.
如果您能给我一些建议的话，我将不胜感激。
(1)be grateful
(2)I would be grateful if you could/would...
如果你能……，我将不胜感激。(用于提出请求)
①She was very grateful to Tom for his support.
她非常感谢汤姆的支持。
②I am very grateful that you didn’t tell my parents about this.
我非常感激你没有告诉我父母这件事。
[链接写作]——完成句子
如果你给我一些如何学好英语的建议我将感激不尽。
I would be very grateful if you could give me some tips on how to learn English well.
join in　参加；加入
(经典例句)It is said that more than two hundred students have joined in the discussion.
据说二百多名学生参加了讨论。
(1)join in (doing) sth.　 加入一起做某事
(2)join sb. in doing sth. 跟某人一起做某事
(3)join the party/the army 入党/参军
①I’d like to join in all kinds of activities held by our school.
我想参加学校组织的各种各样的活动。
②As far as I know, it is five years since he joined the army.
据我所知，他参军5年了。
[链接写作]——完成句子
如果你能与我们一起做游戏我将感激不尽。
I’d be very grateful if you could join us in playing the game.

have trouble with sth.做某事有困难
(教材P6)I am having some trouble with my classmates at the moment.
目前我与同学们之间出现了一些问题。
have trouble/difficulty with sth. 做某事有困难
have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有麻烦/困难
Some students have trouble with English grammar while others have difficulty remembering new words.
一些学生在英语语法方面有困难， 然而其他的学生记单词有困难。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①I am sorry to hear that you are having trouble improving(improve) your English at your new school.
②You can’t imagine what trouble I had settling(settle) the problem.
③I’m sorry to hear that you have great difficulty with_your new task.
[链接写作]——完成句子
④如果你在与朋友的相处上有问题，你可以给他们写信。
If you have some trouble in getting along with your friends，you can write to them.
it作形式宾语
(教材P7)Although I try to talk to my classmates，I still find it hard to make good friends with them.
虽然我尽力去跟我的同学交谈，但我还是发现很难和他们成为好朋友。
“find/make/feel/think it＋adj.＋to do sth.”为常用句型，it是形式宾语，hard是形容词作补语，有时用名词作宾补，不定式短语to do sth.是真正的宾语。
We feel it our duty to make our country a better place.
我们觉得让我们的国家成为一个更加美好的地方是我们的责任。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①They felt it difficult to finish(finish) the work in such a short time.
②We have made it a rule not to smoke(smoke) in the office.
[链接写作]——句型转换
③As a kind and warm?hearted man, he made it is his duty to help others who are in trouble.
→As a kind and warm?hearted man, he made it his duty to help others who are in trouble.(it作形式宾语)


品句填词
1．Roughly speaking, it took them a thousand years to settle down.
2．In that cold winter，he wore a hat，gloves and a(n) overcoat(大衣)．
3．After a few days of fever，she began to recover．
4．A(n) suitcase(手提箱) is enough to take your clothes with you on holiday.
5．This suitcase is full.I can’t pack(打包) any more clothes in.
6．Charlie and his mother often disagree(不同意) with each other.They have different opinions on most things.
7．The old man went through many difficulties and suffered(遭受) a lot from them.
8．Can you give me some useful tips(提示) on how to get along well with others?
9．I’m sorry I dislike(不喜欢) joining in your discussion.
10．Everything was placed exactly(确切地) where he wanted it.
选词填空
go through; face to face; calm down; join in; get along well with; pack up; a series of; fall in love with
1．Don’t shout any more.Please calm down and tell me what has happened.
2．Without giving us a chance to explain，she packed up her clothes and left.
3．With someone I love I can go through all the hardships of life.
4．It is hoped that every student will join in the discussion.
5．The curious student always asks his teacher a series of questions.
6．You’d better communicate with each other face to face in case there are some misunderstandings.
7．I got along well with my classmates when I was in junior high school.
8．Jack fell in love with Susan at first sight，but Susan didn’t like him.
完成句子
1．如果你能给我一些关于如何提高英语口语的建议的话，我将非常感激。(grateful)
I will be very grateful if you can give me some advice on how to improve my spoken English.
2．张老师停了下来加入了我们关于如何节约用水的讨论。(join in)
Mr.Zhang stopped to join in our discussion about how to save water.
3．虽然玛丽已经学英语三年了，但她发现用英语与美国人说话依旧很难。(find it hard to do)
Although Mary has been studying English for three years，she still finds it hard to speak with Americans in English.
4．这个男孩躺在沙发上时就睡着了。(状语从句的省略)
While lying on the couch，the boy fell asleep.
5．我父亲恰好在信到达之前就前往加拿大了。(before引导时间状语从句)
My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.
6．汤姆是在超市里丢的钱包。(it is/was...that...强调句型)
It was in the supermarket that Tom lost his wallet.

单句语法填空
1．After he settled(settle) down in the city，he wrote her a letter to invite her to visit his new house.
2．She was grateful to him for being so good to her.
3．Father sometimes goes to the gym with us although he dislikes going(go) there.
4．He had promised his mother that he wouldn’t watch TV plays，but he was exactly(exact) doing that last night.
5．I often disagree(agree) with him about what we ought to do，but we still get along quite well.
6．Mark never starts studying so he is having trouble with the lessons at the moment.
7．He was tired of the city life and hoped to move to the country.
8．Teenagers(teenager) should remember that there’s something more important than playing.
9．He does(do) hope that you can forget what he has done.
10．You’ll find it quite helpful to do(do) what you are interested in.
阅读理解
Like any new ninth?grader on the first day of school，Joemar Class had ninth?grader emotion(情绪). He’s not used to school in Hartford.He’s used to going to school in his hometown of Florida，used to seeing his friends，used to having class in Spanish.
“Nervioso，”he said in Spanish.
We first met Joemar in mid?October in the San Juan Airport.His father，Guillermo Class，had sold his car to buy plane tickets to get his kids and fly them up from Puerto Rico.The island was almost destroyed(毁坏) by the deadly storm—Hurricane Maria.
Now，they are settling into their new home in Hartford’s South End.A week later，and，using his wife’s car，Class drove 16?year?old Joemar to his first day at Bulkeley High School.After a short ride，he got out in front of his new school.Inside，he met Gretchen Levitz—the school’s program director.
“I see you have a new uniform(校服)，”Levitz said.“You look great.Are you ready for a good first day？”
Then he met a couple of teachers.
“Hello，” they each said in Spanish.They asked where he’s from，and told him they were happy to see him.Then，Levitz took him on a quick tour of the school before classes began—to her office，the school store，the library，and the dining hall.
A total of 19 languages are spoken in Bulkeley High School.“We have so many new students coming here from other countries every single day，” Levitz said.“So it’s not like he’s the only one who has that feeling.”
“You could tell he’s a little worried，” Guillermo said as we left. “But，at the same time，he’s looking forward to it.”
【解题导语】　本文是一则新闻报道。文章主要报道了一名十六岁的男孩转校第一天上学的经历。
1．What kind of feeling did Joemar have on his first day of school?
A．Angry. B．Excited.
C．Nervous. D．Relaxed.
C　解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的He’s not used to school in Hartford和第二段“Nervioso，” he said in Spanish.以及最后一段中的he’s a little worried可知，到新学校的第一天Joemar感到紧张不安。
2．Why did Joemar leave Florida?
A．His old school closed down.
B．He wanted to see his mother.
C．He expected to have a new life.
D．His town was hit by a terrible storm.
D　解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的his hometown of Florida和第三段中的fly them up from Puerto Rico.The island was almost destroyed(毁坏) by the deadly storm可知，Joemar的家乡遭遇了飓风的袭击。
3．What did Joemar do before he walked into his new classroom?
A．He had a long talk with his father.
B．He learned some simple Spanish words.
C．He said hello to some of his classmates.
D．He had a short look around his new school.
D　解析：细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的Levitz took him on a quick tour of the school before classes began可知，Joemar走进教室之前在Levitz的指引下简单参观了一下学校。
4．What can we learn about Bulkeley High School?
A．It has no library.
B．It is an international school.
C．It plans to open Spanish classes.
D．It requires all students to wear uniforms.
B　解析：推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的A total of 19 languages are spoken in Bulkeley High School...have so many new students coming here from other countries可知，该校是一所国际学校。
七选五
High school is an important time of your life，so you need to learn to spend your high school time wisely.Here are some ideas that can help you.
Studies come first.Make sure that you understand everything the teachers teach.1.________ Take notes if you think your teacher is teaching something important.Also，have a plan for what you’re going to study.It is best if you could touch on every subject every day.
2．________ Don’t delay(推迟) your today’s homework until tomorrow.If you happen to be sick，call or e?mail a friend to see if they can give you the homework.In high school，being sick isn’t an excuse for not doing homework unless you’re very sick.
Develop good relationships.High school is also a time for you to enjoy with your friends! 3.________ Choose to get along with those who like you for who you are.What’s more，you should try to make friends with teachers.
Develop self?discipline(自律)．Try to always be present in school.4.________ While your teacher is teaching，keep quiet unless he or she is asking for answers.If your friends want to talk to you in class，ask them to wait until later.
Be active！Take an active part in after?class activities.5.________ Join school clubs which will help you develop them.
A．Finish your homework on time.
B．Find hobbies that you’re good at.
C．Always be on time for every class.
D．Set down your homework carefully.
E．You’ll make more friends if you try this.
F．Ask for help if you don’t understand anything.
G．Smile at people to make them see you are nice and happy.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何度过高中生活。
1．F　解析：该空上一句说确保你理解老师教的所有内容，F项与此承接，如果有不懂的，要寻求帮助。
2．A　解析：根据该空后多次出现的homework可知，该段内容与homework有关，A项和D项都提到了homework，根据该空后的内容可知，本段的主题是按时完成作业。
3．G　解析：该段的主题是建立良好关系，根据该空前一句可知，高中是与朋友一起享受的好时光，所以该空内容应与交友有关，七个选项中与交友有关的是E项和G项，但是E项中this指代不明确，故选G项。
4．C　解析：根据该段的主题句可知，本段内容与自律有关，再根据该空前一句可知，应选C项“每节课都要准时到”。
5．B　解析：该空前内容为积极参加课外活动，而该空后的them应有所指代，根据该空后的clubs可知，应选B项，them指代B项中的hobbies。
完形填空
Geoff Hoffman，discovered that his dog，Bridget，was lost after his home was broken into on Dec.20.That night，Hoffman __1__ asked his friends including his Facebook followers to help him __2__ the dog. “She is my source of joy，so she is very__3__ to me，” Hoffman said.
The next day，Hoffman，who served in Afghanistan for eight years，had to __4__ the US.“I told myself that I would never __5__ looking for Bridget unless two situations appeared: She came back home __6__ I knew with certainty that she was __7__，” he said.
After Bridget went missing，Hoffman called the local police.He asked the police __8__ they could share his story with the public.They __9__．Then Hoffman __10__ more than 100 cards __11__ Bridget’s photo and advertised a “large reward(赏金)” for her __12__．Hoffman also created a Facebook group called Bring Bridget Back in the hope of gathering more information for his __13__．
On the morning of Christmas Eve，Hoffman’s efforts __14__. “One of my Facebook followers left a __15__ for me.He said he had seen Bridget，”Hoffman said. “She was __16__ by the side of the road as if she had fallen asleep.” Hoffman was very __17__ and then immediately made contact(联系) with the man.Perhaps Bridget hadn’t __18__ for days，so she looked very weak.
Hoffman said he was moved by the __19__ of strangers.It was a very special Christmas.“I was full of __20__ when I saw Bridget，” Hoffman said.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了在好心人的帮助下，Geoff Hoffman找到丢失的狗的故事。
1．A.finally B．immediately
C．frequently D．actually
B　解析：根据下文的内容可知，Bridget是Hoffman快乐的源泉，对他非常重要，所以他才会“立即”请求他的朋友们包括他Facebook的粉丝们帮助他找狗。
2．A.find B．feed
C．train D．keep
A　解析：根据上文的Geoff Hoffman，discovered that his dog，Bridget，was lost after his home was broken into on Dec.20.可知，那天晚上，Hoffman立即请求他的朋友们包括他Facebook的粉丝们帮助他“找”狗。
3．A.friendly B．rude
C．grateful D．important
D　解析：根据上文的She is my source of joy，so...可知，这条狗对Hoffman来说非常“重要”。
4．A.visit B．protect
C．leave D．develop
C　解析：根据语境可知，Hoffman在阿富汗服役八年。第二天，他不得不“离开”美国。
5．A.suggest B．stop
C．consider D．regret
B　解析：根据下文的内容可知，Hoffman告诉他自己：只有两种情况下，他才会“停止”寻找Bridget。
6．A.or B．and
C．until D．unless
A　解析：根据语境可知，这两种情况是Bridget回家“或者”Hoffman确认Bridget已经死亡。
7．A.blind B．disabled
C．dead D．sick
C　解析：根据语境可知，这两种情况是Bridget回家或者Hoffman确认Bridget已经“死亡”。
8．A.how B．when
C．whether D．where
C　解析：根据上下文的内容可知，Hoffman问警察“是否”可以向公众分享他的故事。
9．A.changed B．complained
C．wondered D．agreed
D　解析：根据下文的内容可知，警察“同意”了。
10．A.printed B．donated
C．collected D．borrowed
A　解析：根据语境可知，Hoffman“印制”了100多张附有Bridget照片的卡片。
11．A.in B．on
C．with D．about
C　解析：根据语境可知，Hoffman印制了100多张“附有”Bridget照片的卡片。这里用with。
12．A.work B．return
C．care D．role
B　解析：根据语境可知，这里指为了能让Bridget“返回”而登悬赏广告。
13．A.study B．experiment
C．story D．search
D　解析：根据语境可知，Hoffman还创建了名叫Bring Bridget Back的Facebook小组织，希望能为他的“寻找”收集更多的信息。
14．A.went away B．slowed down
C．paid off D．went ahead
C　解析：根据语境可知，Hoffman的付出得到了“回报”。
15．A.letter B．message
C．gift D．bill
B　解析：根据上文的One of my Facebook followers...可知，Hoffman的一个Facebook粉丝给他留了个“消息”，说他看到了Bridget。
16．A.lying B．shouting
C．standing D．walking
A　解析：根据下文的...as if she had fallen asleep...可知，Bridget“躺”在路边似乎睡着了。
17．A.sad B．excited
C．worried D．calm
B　解析：根据语境可知，Hoffman非常“激动”。
18．A.swum B．climbed
C．slept D．eaten
D　解析：根据下文的...so she looked very weak.可知，也许Bridget几天没“吃”东西了，所以她看起来非常虚弱。
19．A.kindness B．praise
C．patience D．attention
A　解析：根据语境可知，陌生人的“善良”行为使Hoffman非常感动。
20．A.hope B．anger
C．happiness D．confidence
C　解析：根据语境可知，Hoffman看到Bridget的时候非常“高兴”。






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Section Ⅳ　Grammar

直接引语和间接引语(Ⅰ)

1．(教材P5)“I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary，” said Anne.
→Anne said that she didn’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary.
2．(教材P5)“Does a friend always have to be a person？” the writer asks us.
→The writer asks us if a friend always has to be a person.
3．(教材P5)“Why did you go to bed so late last night？” Father asked Anne.
→Father asked Anne why she had gone to bed so late the night before．
4．My mother said, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.”
→My mother said a friend in need is a friend indeed.

直接引语和间接引语之间的转换规则

人称变化的三原则
1．“第一人称随主”原则：如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称修饰，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。
◆Mary said，“I want to have a computer of my own.”
→Mary said that she wanted to have a computer of her own.
2．“第二人称随宾”原则：如果从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称修饰，从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。
◆Her colleague said to her，“Who did you ask for a leave？”
→Her colleague asked her who she had asked for a leave.
3．“第三人称不更新”原则：直接引语变间接引语时，直接引语中出现的第三人称的代词一般不需要变化。
◆Mr. Smith said，“His voice is wonderful.”
→Mr. Smith said his voice was wonderful.

时态的变化
直接引语变间接引语时动词变化如下表：
直接引语 间接引语
句子时态 一般现在时 一般过去时
现在进行时 过去进行时
现在完成时 过去完成时
一般过去时 过去完成时
过去完成时 不变
一般将来时 过去将来时
◆His friend said to him，“We are planning to have a picnic.”
→His friend told him that they were planning to have a picnic.
◆The organizer said，“We have begun our plan.”
→The organizer said that they had begun their plan.

直接引语变间接引语，时态无变化的情况：
(1)直接引语是客观真理、谚语和格言；
(2)直接引语中有具体的过去的某年、某月、某日作状语。
◆My teacher said to us yesterday，“Early birds catch worms.”
→My teacher told us yesterday that early birds catch worms.

指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化
引语用词 直接引语 间接引语
指示代词 this 这个 that 那个
these 这些 those那些
时间状语 now 现在 then 那时
today 今天 that day那天
this morning 今天上午 that morning 那天上午
tonight 今天晚上 that night 那天晚上
tomorrow 明天 the next/following day 第二天
yesterday 昨天 the day before 前一天
last night 昨天晚上 the night before前一天晚上
the day before yesterday 前天 two days before 两天前
three days ago 三天前 three days before 三天前
next week 下一周 the next/following week第二周
ago(至今)以前 before(那时)以前
地点状语 here 这儿 there 那儿
方向性动词 bring 带来 take 带走
come 来 go 去
◆She asked，“Is this book his？”
→She asked whether that book was his.
◆“I’ll be very busy today，”said the man.
→The man said he would be very busy that day.

连接词的选择
1．直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，常变成由that引导的宾语从句。在口语中，that可以省略。
He said，“I was cooking when the earthquake happened.”
→He said (that) he was cooking when the earthquake happened.

直接引语是陈述句时，若变为间接引语，主句谓语动词“said to sb.”常改为told sb.。
◆His father said to him，“You should work hard if you want to go to college.”
→His father told him that he should work hard if he wanted to go to college.
2．直接引语是一般疑问句、选择疑问句或反意疑问句时，间接引语中用whether(...or或...or not)或if引导。
◆His friend asked him，“Are you interested in playing football？”
→His friend asked him whether he was interested in playing football.　

如果主句的谓语动词是said，则将其改为asked。
3．直接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语仍用原句中的特殊疑问词来引导，其余的变化遵照直接引语和间接引语之间的转换规则来进行。
◆“What’s your name？”he asked me.
→He asked me what my name was.

疑问句的直接引语变间接引语时，要把疑问语序变成陈述语序。
◆“Where are you going？” the father asked his son.
→The father asked his son where he was going.

句型转换
1．“What are you doing now？” Mum asked me.
Mum asked me what I was doing then．
2．“Why did Helen refuse to go there？” the teacher asked.
The teacher asked why Helen had refused to go there.
3．John said, “I am going to visit Disneyland the day after tomorrow.”
John said that he was going to visit Disneyland in two days’ time．
4．“Did you go there to watch the football match last night？” Bob asked me.
Bob asked me if/whether I had gone there to watch the football match the night before．
5．My father said, “I worked here twenty years ago.”
My father said that he had worked there twenty years before/earlier．
6．“Where will you go with your father tomorrow？” Peter asked me.
Peter asked me where I would go with my father the next day．
7．Sophia asked me whether I had heard about that bad news the day before.
Sophia said to me, “Did you hear about this bad news yesterday？”
8．Helen told me that she wouldn’t go to Hainan the following day.
Helen said to me, “I won’t go to Hainan tomorrow．”
9．Tony’s father asked him how he had finished the task by himself two days earlier.
Tony’s father asked Tony, “How did you finish the task by yourself the day before yesterday？”
10．The girl said that she was watching the TV play then.
The girl said, “I am watching the TV play now．”
单句改错
1．The teacher told us that the earth moved around the sun.moved→moves
2．The doctor said, “You were not badly ill and you will be better soon.”were→are
3．Peter said that he had seen the lady in the bookstore ago.ago→before
4．My friend asked me that if I had watched that film the night before.去掉第一个that
5．Bob asked his new classmate that she came from that morning.that→where
语法与写作
1．那个男孩的妈妈问他是否对他做过的事感到抱歉。
That boy’s mother asked him if/whether he was sorry for what he had done．
2．我告诉他我丢了这笔钱并会找到它。
I told him that I had lost the money and that I would find it．
3．史密斯夫人问她儿子为什么不愿意放弃那个项目。
Mrs.Smith asked her son why he wouldn’t give up that project．
4．罗斯告诉我说她后天来北京看我。
Rose told me that she would come to Beijing to visit me in two days’ time．
5．老师说：“太阳从东边升起，从西边落下。”
The teacher said that the sun rises in the east and sets down in the west.


请将下列直接引语变成间接引语
1．“You should be more creative next time，” my teacher said to me.
My teacher told me that I should be more creative the next time．
2．Mr.Brown said, “I will leave for New York on business next month，Mary.”
Mr.Brown told Mary that he would leave for New York on business the next month．
3．“Don’t make so much noise in class，boys and girls，” said Mr.Wang.
Mr.Wang told the boys and girls not to make so much noise in class.
4．Our teacher said to us, “The moon moves around the earth and the earth goes around the sun.”
Our teacher told us that the moon moves around the earth and the earth goes around the sun.
5．“Are you sorry for what you have done？” the mother asked the naughty boy.
The mother asked the naughty boy if he was sorry for what he had done．
6．My classmate said to me, “Doctor Wang passed away last month.”
My classmate told me that Doctor Wang passed away last month.
7．Johnny said to his parents, “I had learned 500 Chinese words by the end of last term.”
Johnny told his parents that he had learned 500 Chinese words by the end of last term.
8．“Write your names on your paper first，” the teacher said to us.
The teacher asked us to write our names on our paper first.
9．He asked Nancy, “Are you a student？”
He asked Nancy if she was a student.
10．“Where are you going？” the girl asked me.
The girl asked me where I was going．
阅读理解
A
Friends are important to children.Research shows that children who have no friends can suffer from difficulties later in life.Friendship provides children with more than just fun.In making friends，children learn how to get in touch with others and solve problems.Having friends even does good to children for they can help each other during class.
If the parents are concerned about whether their children make many friends，what matters is that the child is comfortable and happy with his friends.Parents need to understand the steps children take in building friendships.First of all，be a friend to your child.Good friendships start at home. Children begin to develop the necessary ability to go out and meet others through getting along with their parents.Greet the child warmly and let him know you are glad to see him.Children learn a lot from how their parents stay with them and other people.
Teach children how to solve conflicts(争端)．Being able to work out conflicts is an important skill in getting along with others.If parents know the children have a conflict，let them work it out on their own.Only step in if it is really necessary，for example，an argument is getting physical.
Give children chances to practice staying together.Have children play games that require cooperation. For example，races are fun and provide plenty of practice in teamwork.Encourage children to show thanks to others.The parents can encourage children to do this by setting the example for them.
【解题导语】　这篇短文主要描述了朋友对于孩子的重要性，以及父母应该如何帮助孩子交朋友。
1．According to the article，if one child has no friend，he will ________．
A．have some trouble in the future
B．worry about everything in the future
C．not know the importance of making friends
D．not find anybody to help him
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的Research shows that children who have no friends can suffer from difficulties later in life.描述，可知没有朋友的孩子会在将来遇到困难，故选A。
2．Friendship can be helpful to the children EXCEPT ________．
A．providing a lot of fun
B．getting in touch with others
C．solving the problems
D．helping to cheat in the exams
D　解析：推理判断题。根据短文第一段描述，可知友谊对孩子的帮助不包括在考试中作弊，故选D。
3．When the children disagree with each other，the parents should ________．
A．let them fight with each other until they find who is the winner
B．do nothing to the children and believe in their abilities
C．let them work it out by themselves and help if necessary
D．talk with them and try to find good ways to stay together
C　解析：推理判断题。根据短文第三段中的Teach children how to solve conflicts(争端)．Being able to work out conflicts is an important skill in getting along with others.If parents know the children have a conflict，let them work it out on their own.描述，可知当孩子的意见不一致时，父母应该让他们自己解决，如果有必要就帮助。故选C。
4．From the text we can know a good friend should know how to ________．
A．fall in love with each other
B．show thanks to others
C．exchange their presents
D．ignore their differences
B　解析：推理判断题。根据短文最后一段中的Encourage children to show thanks to others.The parents can encourage children to do this by setting the example for them.可知作者写本文的主要目的是告诉父母帮助孩子们交朋友，互相感谢。故选B。
B
Friendships can be difficult—because often people aren’t as honest and open as they should be.Sometimes, people end up getting hurt.
Most problems with friendships come up because people are just too selfish to care about the things that their friends need. They care about their own needs much more, which makes it hard for friendships to work. However, being selfish is part of human nature. A person is put together in order to take care of himself and his own needs, not necessarily those needs of other people. Even though being selfish is something that all humans are born with, it is something that everyone should guard against.
The best thing to remember when you are a friend to anyone is that you need to treat your friend the same way as you’d like to be treated. This is wonderful advice for a friendship，because it is really the only way to make sure that you are giving your friend everything you would want to be given in a friendship. Whenever you have a question about how you should treat a friend, it is easy to find an answer simply by asking yourself what you would like your friend to do for you，if he or she is in your shoes.
Even if you’re always thinking about how you’d like to be treated, and your friends are, too, there are issues that come up from time to time in each friendship, and it is important to understand how to deal with these issues so that you can build stronger and healthier friendships. Issues like friends getting boyfriends or girlfriends and not spending enough time with their friends，or even friends finding new friends and leaving old friends behind are issues that will probably come up with one or more of your friendships. It is important to know how to deal with these issues so that you can keep your friends and make new ones. No one wants to have a broken friendship.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了朋友之间出现的问题以及如何才能使友谊长存，如何处理朋友之间的问题。
5．This passage mainly deals with________．
A．the importance of friendships
B．the advantages of friendships
C．the problems with friendships
D．the meaning of friendships
C　解析：主旨大意题。全文主要是围绕朋友之间出现的问题进行谈论的，所以选C项。
6．According to the author, problems with friendships may appear when________．
A．one is honest B．one is selfish
C．one is alone D．one is too busy
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，朋友之间出现的大多数问题是由于人们太自私。
7．According to the passage, the first and most important thing to be other people’s friend is ________．
A．to treat your friends as fairly as possible
B．to give your friends whatever you have
C．not to hurt your friends’ feelings
D．not to think of your own needs any more
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，作者认为要成为别人的朋友，最重要的一件事就是“己所欲，施于人”。
8．The paragraphs following the passage may be about how to________．
A．make friends
B．treat friends correctly
C．keep friends
D．deal with friendship issues
D　解析：推理判断题。根据原文最后两句话可知，作者认为为了能保持友谊和不断交到新的朋友，了解如何处理朋友之间的问题是很重要的，那么接下来要谈到的应该是如何处理朋友之间的问题。
语法填空
Sarah Jayne is a twenty?year?old girl from the U．K.After she read the book Pay It Forward，she realized that our world would become a much 1.____________(good) place if everyone could do three favors(善意的行为) for others.She lost her father 2.____________ the age of eight，so she felt pity for her friend’s children whose dad died 3.____________(recent)．Sarah talked and played with the children to make their mother’s life easier.
This “success” led to the second favor，which was to set up a counseling(咨询) service at her school 4.____________(help) improve the students’ mental(心理的) health.Her third favor was for a neighbor，an old woman named Anna who lost 5.____________(she) eyesight.It was Anna that 6.____________(introduce) the book Pay It Forward to Sarah two months ago.As she loved reading，it was 7.____________ real act of kindness to spend time 8.____________(read) out loud for the neighbor and keeping her company every night.
Sarah said, “I couldn’t believe at first how three small favors could make a big 9._________ (different)．All the people 10.____________ were helped by me have promised to pay favors forward.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个英国女孩因为读了一本书后做了三个善举，并使得受助者也愿意去帮助别人。
1．better　解析：根据该空前的much可知，该空应用形容词的比较级，故填better。
2．at　解析：at the age of表示“在……年纪时”。
3．recently　解析：该空应用副词修饰动词，故填recently。
4．to help　解析：该空用动词不定式表目的，故填to help。
5．her　解析：该空应用形容词性物主代词修饰eyesight。
6．introduced　解析：根据two months ago可知，说的是发生在过去的一件事，所以用动词的一般过去时，故填introduced。
7．a　解析：act表示“行为，举动”时为可数名词，此处表示“一个”，故填a。
8．reading　解析：spend time doing sth.表示“花时间做某事”。
9．difference　解析：make a big difference表示“有很大影响”。
10．who　解析：先行词为All the people，关系词引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，故填who。
短文改错
Dear David，
How time flies! It’s been an entirely week since you left our school.You can’t imagine what I miss the time we spend together! I am very happy to be your friend and grateful for your help with my English.Because of I have learned a lot from you，I am more confident of your future study.I real got pleasure from speak English with you.
Although we are not in a same country now，our friendship will last forever.And I will try my best learn English and make more friend.
Yours，
Li Hua
答案：
Dear David，
How time flies! It’s been an week since you left our school.You can’t imagine I miss the time we together! I am very happy to be your friend and grateful for your help with my English.Because I have learned a lot from you，I am more confident of future study.I got pleasure from English with you.
Although we are not in same country now，our friendship will last forever.And I will try my best learn English and make more .
Yours，
Li Hua






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Section Ⅳ Grammar


请将下列直接引语变成间接引语
1．“You should be more creative next time，” my teacher said to me.
My teacher told me that I should be more creative the next time．
2．Mr.Brown said, “I will leave for New York on business next month，Mary.”
Mr.Brown told Mary that he would leave for New York on business the next month．
3．“Don’t make so much noise in class，boys and girls，” said Mr.Wang.
Mr.Wang told the boys and girls not to make so much noise in class.
4．Our teacher said to us, “The moon moves around the earth and the earth goes around the sun.”
Our teacher told us that the moon moves around the earth and the earth goes around the sun.
5．“Are you sorry for what you have done？” the mother asked the naughty boy.
The mother asked the naughty boy if he was sorry for what he had done．
6．My classmate said to me, “Doctor Wang passed away last month.”
My classmate told me that Doctor Wang passed away last month.
7．Johnny said to his parents, “I had learned 500 Chinese words by the end of last term.”
Johnny told his parents that he had learned 500 Chinese words by the end of last term.
8．“Write your names on your paper first，” the teacher said to us.
The teacher asked us to write our names on our paper first.
9．He asked Nancy, “Are you a student？”
He asked Nancy if she was a student.
10．“Where are you going？” the girl asked me.
The girl asked me where I was going．
阅读理解
A
Friends are important to children.Research shows that children who have no friends can suffer from difficulties later in life.Friendship provides children with more than just fun.In making friends，children learn how to get in touch with others and solve problems.Having friends even does good to children for they can help each other during class.
If the parents are concerned about whether their children make many friends，what matters is that the child is comfortable and happy with his friends.Parents need to understand the steps children take in building friendships.First of all，be a friend to your child.Good friendships start at home. Children begin to develop the necessary ability to go out and meet others through getting along with their parents.Greet the child warmly and let him know you are glad to see him.Children learn a lot from how their parents stay with them and other people.
Teach children how to solve conflicts(争端)．Being able to work out conflicts is an important skill in getting along with others.If parents know the children have a conflict，let them work it out on their own.Only step in if it is really necessary，for example，an argument is getting physical.
Give children chances to practice staying together.Have children play games that require cooperation. For example，races are fun and provide plenty of practice in teamwork.Encourage children to show thanks to others.The parents can encourage children to do this by setting the example for them.
【解题导语】　这篇短文主要描述了朋友对于孩子的重要性，以及父母应该如何帮助孩子交朋友。
1．According to the article，if one child has no friend，he will ________．
A．have some trouble in the future
B．worry about everything in the future
C．not know the importance of making friends
D．not find anybody to help him
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的Research shows that children who have no friends can suffer from difficulties later in life.描述，可知没有朋友的孩子会在将来遇到困难，故选A。
2．Friendship can be helpful to the children EXCEPT ________．
A．providing a lot of fun
B．getting in touch with others
C．solving the problems
D．helping to cheat in the exams
D　解析：推理判断题。根据短文第一段描述，可知友谊对孩子的帮助不包括在考试中作弊，故选D。
3．When the children disagree with each other，the parents should ________．
A．let them fight with each other until they find who is the winner
B．do nothing to the children and believe in their abilities
C．let them work it out by themselves and help if necessary
D．talk with them and try to find good ways to stay together
C　解析：推理判断题。根据短文第三段中的Teach children how to solve conflicts(争端)．Being able to work out conflicts is an important skill in getting along with others.If parents know the children have a conflict，let them work it out on their own.描述，可知当孩子的意见不一致时，父母应该让他们自己解决，如果有必要就帮助。故选C。
4．From the text we can know a good friend should know how to ________．
A．fall in love with each other
B．show thanks to others
C．exchange their presents
D．ignore their differences
B　解析：推理判断题。根据短文最后一段中的Encourage children to show thanks to others.The parents can encourage children to do this by setting the example for them.可知作者写本文的主要目的是告诉父母帮助孩子们交朋友，互相感谢。故选B。
B
Friendships can be difficult—because often people aren’t as honest and open as they should be.Sometimes, people end up getting hurt.
Most problems with friendships come up because people are just too selfish to care about the things that their friends need. They care about their own needs much more, which makes it hard for friendships to work. However, being selfish is part of human nature. A person is put together in order to take care of himself and his own needs, not necessarily those needs of other people. Even though being selfish is something that all humans are born with, it is something that everyone should guard against.
The best thing to remember when you are a friend to anyone is that you need to treat your friend the same way as you’d like to be treated. This is wonderful advice for a friendship，because it is really the only way to make sure that you are giving your friend everything you would want to be given in a friendship. Whenever you have a question about how you should treat a friend, it is easy to find an answer simply by asking yourself what you would like your friend to do for you，if he or she is in your shoes.
Even if you’re always thinking about how you’d like to be treated, and your friends are, too, there are issues that come up from time to time in each friendship, and it is important to understand how to deal with these issues so that you can build stronger and healthier friendships. Issues like friends getting boyfriends or girlfriends and not spending enough time with their friends，or even friends finding new friends and leaving old friends behind are issues that will probably come up with one or more of your friendships. It is important to know how to deal with these issues so that you can keep your friends and make new ones. No one wants to have a broken friendship.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了朋友之间出现的问题以及如何才能使友谊长存，如何处理朋友之间的问题。
5．This passage mainly deals with________．
A．the importance of friendships
B．the advantages of friendships
C．the problems with friendships
D．the meaning of friendships
C　解析：主旨大意题。全文主要是围绕朋友之间出现的问题进行谈论的，所以选C项。
6．According to the author, problems with friendships may appear when________．
A．one is honest B．one is selfish
C．one is alone D．one is too busy
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，朋友之间出现的大多数问题是由于人们太自私。
7．According to the passage, the first and most important thing to be other people’s friend is ________．
A．to treat your friends as fairly as possible
B．to give your friends whatever you have
C．not to hurt your friends’ feelings
D．not to think of your own needs any more
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，作者认为要成为别人的朋友，最重要的一件事就是“己所欲，施于人”。
8．The paragraphs following the passage may be about how to________．
A．make friends
B．treat friends correctly
C．keep friends
D．deal with friendship issues
D　解析：推理判断题。根据原文最后两句话可知，作者认为为了能保持友谊和不断交到新的朋友，了解如何处理朋友之间的问题是很重要的，那么接下来要谈到的应该是如何处理朋友之间的问题。
语法填空
Sarah Jayne is a twenty?year?old girl from the U．K.After she read the book Pay It Forward，she realized that our world would become a much 1.____________(good) place if everyone could do three favors(善意的行为) for others.She lost her father 2.____________ the age of eight，so she felt pity for her friend’s children whose dad died 3.____________(recent)．Sarah talked and played with the children to make their mother’s life easier.
This “success” led to the second favor，which was to set up a counseling(咨询) service at her school 4.____________(help) improve the students’ mental(心理的) health.Her third favor was for a neighbor，an old woman named Anna who lost 5.____________(she) eyesight.It was Anna that 6.____________(introduce) the book Pay It Forward to Sarah two months ago.As she loved reading，it was 7.____________ real act of kindness to spend time 8.____________(read) out loud for the neighbor and keeping her company every night.
Sarah said, “I couldn’t believe at first how three small favors could make a big 9._________ (different)．All the people 10.____________ were helped by me have promised to pay favors forward.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个英国女孩因为读了一本书后做了三个善举，并使得受助者也愿意去帮助别人。
1．better　解析：根据该空前的much可知，该空应用形容词的比较级，故填better。
2．at　解析：at the age of表示“在……年纪时”。
3．recently　解析：该空应用副词修饰动词，故填recently。
4．to help　解析：该空用动词不定式表目的，故填to help。
5．her　解析：该空应用形容词性物主代词修饰eyesight。
6．introduced　解析：根据two months ago可知，说的是发生在过去的一件事，所以用动词的一般过去时，故填introduced。
7．a　解析：act表示“行为，举动”时为可数名词，此处表示“一个”，故填a。
8．reading　解析：spend time doing sth.表示“花时间做某事”。
9．difference　解析：make a big difference表示“有很大影响”。
10．who　解析：先行词为All the people，关系词引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，故填who。
短文改错
Dear David，
How time flies! It’s been an entirely week since you left our school.You can’t imagine what I miss the time we spend together! I am very happy to be your friend and grateful for your help with my English.Because of I have learned a lot from you，I am more confident of your future study.I real got pleasure from speak English with you.
Although we are not in a same country now，our friendship will last forever.And I will try my best learn English and make more friend.
Yours，
Li Hua
答案：
Dear David，
How time flies! It’s been an week since you left our school.You can’t imagine I miss the time we together! I am very happy to be your friend and grateful for your help with my English.Because I have learned a lot from you，I am more confident of future study.I got pleasure from English with you.
Although we are not in same country now，our friendship will last forever.And I will try my best learn English and make more .
Yours，
Li Hua






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Section Ⅴ　Writing

建议信

eq \a\vs4\al() 文体感知
建议信是向收信人就某事提出自己的建议或忠告的一种文体。写信时要写明写信的原因、建议的内容、提出建议的理由，提出的理由要合情合理，语气一定要委婉和缓。
eq \a\vs4\al() 增分佳句
1．常用的开头语
①I know you are now having trouble communicating with others，and you may often feel lonely.
我知道你现在在与人交流方面有些麻烦，你也可能经常感到孤独。
②I’m glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well.
很高兴收到你的来信，询问我关于学好汉语的意见。
③Turn to me whenever you feel puzzled，and I am more than willing to give you some more advice.
当你困惑的时候就来找我吧，我很乐意给你一些更多的建议。
④Here are some tips to help you./Here are a few suggestions to help you.
这里有能帮助你的一些建议。
2．主体部分常用表达
①First(ly)，why not join a club？If you do this，you can make friends.
首先，为什么不参加一个俱乐部？如果你这样做的话，就会交到朋友。
②Second(ly)，you should/can try to talk with others.Then/That way，you will feel better.
其次，你应该尽力与人交谈。这样，你会感觉好点。
③Third(ly)，it would be a good idea if you read a book or listen to music.By doing this，you will calm yourself down.
第三，如果你看书或听音乐将会是个不错的主意。通过这样做，你会使自己平静下来。
④Last but not least，you should talk with her first.
最后但同样重要的是，你应该先和她谈一谈。
3．常用的结束语
①I hope you will find these ideas useful.
希望你会发现这些办法有用。
②As time goes on，people will know you better and will like to make friends with you if you can follow the above.
如果你遵从以上建议，随着时间的推移，人们会更加理解你，会愿意和你交朋友的。
③I believe you can try to overcome these difficulties only by working hard.
我相信，通过努力，你会克服这些困难的。
eq \a\vs4\al() 写作模板
Dear ________，
I’m glad to know that you ask me for some advice on ________．(引出问题) Here are some useful tips.
First，learn to calm yourself down when facing _______.You don’t have to _______. Second，it is very important to ________．Then，it also helps to ________．Besides，it should be a good idea to ________．You can also ________．(此三句用不同句式提出建议) Only in this way can you do it better.(倒装句提升句式)
As to ________，I suggest ________(有时根据需要具体到某一方面)．In addition，________ (其他建议)．I’m sure ________(预测可能的结果，给对方以行动的信心)．
I hope you will find my advice helpful.________(祈使句)，and you will be ________(好的结果)．
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Ming

eq \a\vs4\al() 写作要求
(2019·大连高一检测)假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jim所在的学校要组织学生来中国旅行，有两条路线可以选择：“长江之行”或者“泰山之旅”。Jim来信希望你能给些建议。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1．你建议的路线；
2．你的理由；
3．你的祝愿。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jim，
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
eq \a\vs4\al() 审题谋篇

eq \a\vs4\al() 词汇推敲
1．推荐recommend
2．此外moreover
3．景色scenery
4．令人惊异的amazing
5．选择choice
eq \a\vs4\al() 遣词造句
1. 完成句子
①长江是中国最长的河流，并且是中华文明的母亲河之一。
The Yangtze River is the longest river and one of the mother rivers of the Chinese civilization.
②我更喜欢沿着长江旅行。
I prefer the tour along the Yangtze River.
③沿江景色令人惊叹。
The scenery along the river is amazing.
④沿江有很多著名景点。
There are many well?known sightseeing spots along the river.
2．句式升级
⑤用同位语结构连接①②句
I prefer the tour along the Yangtze River，the longest river and one of the mother rivers of the Chinese civilization.
⑥用with结构连接③④句
The scenery along the river is amazing，with many well?known sightseeing spots.
eq \a\vs4\al() 妙笔成篇
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Jim，
I’m happy to receive your letter and know you’re coming to China.
Of the two trips to the Yangtze River and Mount Tai，both are highly recommended. Personally，I prefer the tour along the Yangtze River，the longest river and one of the mother rivers of the Chinese civilization.You can learn a lot about the history of China and Chinese people. Moreover，the scenery along the river is amazing，with many well?known sightseeing spots.That’s why I think the trip along the Yangtze River is a better choice.
Hope you’ll have a good time in China.
Yours，
Li Hua

假设你是李华，最近你的英国笔友杰克刚刚转入一所新学校。由于他性格内向，不擅长交朋友，所以他感到非常孤独，写信向你求助。请你给他回一封信。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear Jack，
I’m sorry to hear that you are lonely in your new school._____________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear Jack，
I’m sorry to hear that you are lonely in your new school.However，the situation is easy to change if you take my advice.
First of all，don’t be too worried.Everyone may have such bad times when they move to a new environment.Second，you should greet your teachers and classmates when meeting them on campus. It is always easier to make new friends when you show your friendliness first.Third，it would be a good idea if you often take an active part in class activities，which is a good way for others to learn about you.
I hope you will find my suggestions helpful and begin to make new friends as soon as possible.
Yours，
Li Hua






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单元过关检测(一)
(时间：120分钟，满分：150分)
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Where is the woman’s phone?
A．In the bedroom.
B．In the kitchen.
C．In the sitting room.
2．What’s the time now?
A．6：20.
B．6：30.
C．7：00.
3．What does the man usually have for breakfast?
A．Fried rice noodles.
B．Fried pancakes.
C．Noodles.
4．What will the two speakers do next Wednesday?
A．Go for a picnic.
B．Hand in their reports.
C．Have a science class.
5．What does the man offer to do for the woman?
A．Give her money back.
B．Exchange the item.
C．Repair the item.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、 B、 C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Why does the man call?
A．To ask for a favor.
B．To talk about a meeting.
C．To ask about his daughter.
7．How long will the meeting last?
A．For an hour.
B．For two hours.
C．For three hours.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．Where does Linda work?
A．At a hospital.
B．At a restaurant.
C．At a bank.
9．What does the man do on Saturday morning?
A．He does some cleaning.
B．He washes the clothes.
C．He does some shopping.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Where did the woman go on a business trip?
A．To Boston.
B．To Chicago.
C．To New York.
11．What does the man do?
A．An engineer.
B．A gardener.
C．A businessman.
12．What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A．Colleagues.
B．Neighbors.
C．Couple.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What does the man already have for the barbecue?
A．Vegetables.
B．Drinks.
C．Meat.
14．Who will bring wine?
A．Robert.
B．Alice.
C．Michael.
15．What will the man buy?
A．Cheese.
B．Onions.
C．Tomato sauce.
16．What does the man think is the great thing about a barbecue?
A．Choosing how you want your meat cooked.
B．Doing a variety of fun outdoor activities.
C．Choosing a good place for a barbecue.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．How was the speaker traveling down Main Street?
A．By bus.
B．On foot.
C．By car.
18．What did the speaker do that afternoon?
A．He went to a park.
B．He went to the bank.
C．He went to the cinema.
19．What was the young man doing when the police found him?
A．Buying something.
B．Drinking in a bar.
C．Running up the street.
20．How much was the reward that the speaker received?
A．$100.
B．$200.
C．$1，000.
答案：1－5.CABCB　6－10.ABCAC　11－15.ABCAC　16－20.ABCAA
听力材料
(Text 1)
W：I have no idea where my phone is. I remember I put it in the bedroom.
M：It’s in the sitting room.① You left it there when Mum called you to the kitchen.
(Text 2)
W：It’s 6：20 now！② We’re supposed to meet Grace at her house at 6：30.
M：We still have time. She just called to ask us to come sometime after 7：00.
(Text 3)
W：What do you usually have for breakfast?
M：Fried pancakes，③but I sometimes have fried rice noodles, just for a change. What about you?
W：I usually have noodles for breakfast.
(Text 4)
W：Tim, would you like to join us for a picnic this Friday?
M：That’s so nice of you—thanks for the invitation—but I’ve got my hands full right now. I need to hand in my report next Monday morning. I’m really sorry.
W：That’s OK. See you next Wednesday in science class.④
M：All right. See you.
(Text 5)
W：Excuse me. I bought this coffee machine the other day and I’m not satisfied with it. I’d like to get my money back.
M：I see. What seems to be the problem?
W：It’s too small for my family.
M：I’m afraid that because it has been used, we can’t give you your money back, but since it was bought less than a week ago, we can allow you to exchange it for a larger model.⑤
(Text 6)
M：Hi, Lisa. This is Henry.
W：Hi, Henry. What’s up?
M：I have to attend a meeting tomorrow morning. Could you look after my daughter for me while I’m gone？⑥
W：Sure. I’d be glad to. How long will you be gone?
M：From 9：00 to 12：00.
W：Will the meeting last that long?
M：No.The meeting begins at 9：30 and should end at 11：30，⑦ but I’ll need half an hour to get to and from the meeting place.
W：Right. OK. I’ll be at your house before 9：00 tomorrow morning.
M：Thank you, Lisa. I really appreciate it.
(Text 7)
W：Thank you, Paul, for giving your time for this interview on changing family roles. Now, I understand you take care of the baby...
M：That’s right. I take care of Tom during the day.
W：And your wife goes out to work?
M：Yes. Linda is a manager at a bank.⑧
W：What do you do?
M：I’m a nurse. I work at night at City Hospital.
W：Oh, I see! So can you tell me how you share the housework?
M：Well, I cook dinner every night, so we seldom go out to eat. Linda washes all the clothes on Saturday morning while I clean the house.⑨ She does the shopping, too, usually on Saturday afternoon. We relax and have fun together on Sunday.
(Text 8)
M：Hi, Nancy! It’s been a long time since we last met. What have you been up to?
W：Hi, Tom! Great to see you again. I’ve been away on business.
M：Oh, where did you go?
W：Well, I flew to New York for two meetings.⑩ It’s good to be home again. What have you been doing lately?
M：Oh, nothing much. I’ve been staying at home, working in the garden these days. Look at the flowers I’ve just planted.
W：Oh, how beautiful. Ah, is Alice home?
M：No. She is visiting her relatives in Chicago.
W：I didn’t know she has family in Chicago.
M：She was born there.
W：How long have you lived here in Boston?
M：We’ve lived here for over 10 years. We moved here in 2002 because I got my present job as an engineer.?Alice and I love this neighborhood. Well, I have to get going. Have a good day.?
W：You, too. Bye!
(Text 9)
M：Hi, Sally. We’re going to have a barbecue in our yard. Would you like to join us?
W：I’d love to, Michael! Thanks for asking me! Can I bring anything for the barbecue?
M：Well, let me think. I’ve got some meat, such as pork, chicken wings, and plenty of hot sausages.?
W：Do you have enough plates and cups?
M：I think so. I already bought some paper plates and cups for people to use.
W：What about drinks?
M：Robert will bring some wine and Alice will buy some soft drinks.?
W：Great. Then why don’t I plan to bring some cheese to make cheeseburgers and some onions for the hot dogs? Oh, and we’ll need some tomato sauce.
M：Ah yes. I have no tomato sauce, but I can pick up some at the shop in a moment.?
W：How long do you think it will take to cook the meat?
M：Oh, only a few minutes, depending on how people want their meat. Some people like it well done, while others like it rare. The great thing about a barbecue is that everyone can choose how they want their meat cooked.?
W：Yeah. I just hope you haven’t invited any vegetarians!
(Text 10)
On Wednesday morning at 11 o’clock, I was walking down Main Street.? I just parked my car in a parking lot near a bank. Suddenly I heard two shots! I thought they had come from the bank, so I ran toward the bank. I saw a young man coming out. He was short and fat and had a big beard. More importantly, he had a bag of money in one hand and a gun in the other! Before I could do anything, he ran up the street and disappeared behind a bus. A few minutes later, a lot of policemen arrived and rushed into the bank.I went in and reported what I had seen just minutes ago.
That afternoon, I went to the movies—and I saw the young man again at the foot of the stairs！? I called the police from a telephone next to the restrooms. The police arrived in less than five minutes. They found the young man just as he was buying a chocolate bar from the candy machine！? What an exciting day! And best of all, the bank gave me a $100 reward.?
第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Christmas isn’t far away.Here are some great Christmas books for kids.
Little Blue Truck’s Christmas by Alice Schertle
Price：$11. 24
Ages：3－5
This is many kids’ favorite book.Little Blue Truck is heading on an entirely new holiday adventure this year.Spreading Christmas cheer，she is sending holiday trees to her animal friends and their families.
The Polar Express by Chris Van Allsburg
Price：$15. 55
Ages：4－7
Can you believe The Polar Express is over 30 years old now? This book has made a great influence on Christmas fans worldwide.It’s about a little boy awakened in a night by the sound of a train，which took him to have an amazing journey to the North Pole.He met Santa Claus there.
How the Grinch Stole Christmas! by Dr.Seuss
Price：$10. 98
Ages：5－9
How the Grinch Stole Christmas! is a classic that I read every single night in December when I was a kid.And I still love the story.With Dr.Seuss’s style，this book is all about rhymes，quirks(奇事)，and the main character called the Grinch.He hates the holiday，so he steals Christmas.
What Light by Jay Asher
Price：$9. 11
Ages：12 and up
For preteens，this book features all of the must?have story elements(元素)，like romance，a little drama，lots of humor，and a sincere message.This is the tale of Sierra，a teenager caught between a family she loves and a boy she’s in love with.It’s quite a touching Christmas story!
【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了一些与圣诞节有关的适合小孩子读的书籍。
21．Who will most probably buy Little Blue Truck’s Christmas?
A．A child liking reading exciting stories.
B．A mother needing some poems for her kid.
C．A teenager looking for a book about romance.
D．A mother wanting a book for her 3?year?old son.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据Little Blue Truck’s Christmas部分的Ages：3－5可知，三岁小孩的妈妈可能会买这本书。
22．Which of the following is suitable for a teenager?
A．How the Grinch Stole Christmas!
B．Little Blue Truck’s Christmas.
C．What Light.
D．The Polar Express.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据What Light部分的Ages：12 and up可知，这本书适合青少年看。
23．If you buy the book by Dr.Seuss and the book by Alice Schertle，you should pay ________．
A．$20.09 B．$22. 22
C．$26.53 D．$27. 79
B　解析：推理判断题。根据Little Blue Truck’s Christmas by Alice Schertle部分的Price：$11.24以及介绍How the Grinch Stole Christmas! by Dr.Seuss部分的Price：$10.98可知，买这两本书需要花$22.22。
B
“Smile！” I shouted，holding a yellow sign up on a busy street in Seattle.We were three thousand miles away from home on a Random Acts of Kindness and Volunteerism Road Trip.We had two aims.One was to try out our new “Smile！” signs and see how much kindness and joy we could spread in Pike Place Market.The other was to raise $80 by doing street performances，enough for gas to Portland and a small hotel room.
We weren’t sure how people would react(回应) to our signs.I nervously raised up our signs and shouted, “Hi，there！” to a young couple.They looked over and felt confused.Then they read our signs and broke into a smile.Before long，some tourists wanted to take a photo with us and some strangers stopped to ask us about our signs.
In fact，we paid so close attention to our “Smile！” project that we forgot the other aim.Before we knew it，the sun was setting，and we had no money for our trip to Portland.We sat down to watch a blind musician play the guitar while thinking about what to do.He was packing up when a passing crowd kicked down his change bowl.He stumbled(绊倒) into the crowd.We rushed to help him，but another man moved more quickly to help him.
Once the musician had his money safely returned，we ran over to meet the strange helper and said，“We just wanted to praise you for your good deed.” He smiled，looking at our signs. “Your trip reminds me of something similar I once did when I was young，”he said.“Look! I’d like to donate(捐赠)．”We told him，“No，thanks! We are fine.We’ve collected plenty of money.”We lied.“Please let me donate.It will make me feel like I’m a part of this adventure，” he insisted.And then the stranger opened his wallet and pulled out four $20 bills.The money was exactly what we had intended to raise that day.We were astonished．It seemed as if he had known somehow.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者一行人在志愿者旅行活动中用“微笑！”标牌来传播善意和快乐。
24．What’s the main purpose of the road trip?
A．To spread kindness and joy.
B．To invite more people to join in the trip.
C．To raise money for a trip to Portland.
D．To encourage people to take happy photos.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的...on a Random Acts of Kindness and Volunteerism Road Trip.可知，此次志愿者旅行活动的主要目的是传播善意和快乐。
25．How did people react to the “Smile！” signs later?
A．Disappointed. B．Worried.
C．Interested. D．Moved.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的Before long，some tourists wanted to take a photo with us and some strangers stopped to ask us about our signs.可知，后来，人们对标牌很感兴趣。
26．According to the last paragraph，why did the strange helper want to donate money?
A．Because he felt pity for the author.
B．Because he wanted to join in the project.
C．Because he hoped to help the homeless.
D．Because he felt sorry for his impoliteness.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Please let me donate.It will make me feel like I’m a part of this adventure，” he insisted.可知，这位男士是想参与到这项志愿活动中来。
27．What does the underlined word “astonished” in the last paragraph most probably mean?
A．Tired. B．Satisfied.
C．Frightened. D．Surprised.
D　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的It seemed as if he had known somehow.可知，作者他们一行人很“吃惊”，好像这位男士早知道他们需要80美元一样。
C
“I feel unlikable，lonely and hopeless，”said Lisa，a bright teenager from a loving home.“It seems that nobody wants to become my friend.What’s wrong with me？”
Like Lisa，many of us experience loneliness.The truth is that all people，no matter what their age or character—even the most outgoing，wealthy and popular—experience loneliness at least sometimes.It’s healthy and natural to want to be around people who care.After all，we’ve all heard “No man is an island.” That’s true.We all need others in our lives.
Solomon，the wisest man who ever lived，explains that if we want friends，we must be friendly and reach out to others.But it has risk.Because we are often afraid of rejection(拒绝)，many of us are unwilling to reach out to others.We take a safer way and wait for others to make friends with us.But if we want friends，we’ve got to get beyond this.
If making friends is your goal as well，you need to consider taking some measures.
Be willing to take the initiative(主动权)．If you see someone whom you would like to know，don’t wait for her to make the first move.Get close to her and begin a conversation.Let her know in a non?aggressive(无攻击性的) manner that you are interested in being friends with her.
Reach out to those who are lonely.When you see someone at school sitting alone，go over and talk to her.And don’t let popularity decide whom you reach out to.You’ll often be surprised at the beautiful qualities behind a shy appearance.
Ask questions.Start your first conversation by asking this possible friend what she likes to do or asking about her family.Be sure to ask questions that cannot be replied with “yes” or “no”. For example，don’t ask “Do you have a dog？” Instead，say “So, tell me about your pets.” Avoiding asking “yes”or “no” questions makes your possible friend not end your communication with a one?word answer.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了朋友的重要性以及如何结交朋友。
28．Why does the author begin the text with Lisa’s worry?
A．To set a sad tone.
B．To share Lisa’s pain.
C．To introduce the topic.
D．To teach readers a lesson.
C　解析：写作意图题。根据文章内容可知，作者用Lisa缺少朋友的忧虑开篇是为了引出本文的话题：友谊。
29．What can be a risk caused by reaching out to others according to the passage?
A．Being refused by others.
B．Putting ourselves in danger.
C．Being treated in a rude way.
D．Losing interest in communicating.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的Because we are often afraid of rejection(拒绝)，many of us are unwilling to reach out to others.可知，主动出击的风险是可能被他人拒绝。
30．What can we know from Paragraph 5?
A．Shy people are hard to talk to.
B．Popular people are often easy?going.
C．Just waiting for chances will waste our time.
D．A proper manner is important in making friends.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据第五段的Let her know in a non?aggressive(无攻击性的) manner that you are interested in being friends with her.可知，交朋友时方式方法很重要。
31．Why does the author suggest not asking “yes” or “no” questions?
A．It is considered unfriendly.
B．It will leave a bad first impression.
C．It shows the poor quality of the speaker.
D．It isn’t good for keeping a conversation going.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的Avoiding asking “yes” or “no” questions makes your possible friend not end your communication with a one?word answer.可知，问对方能用yes或no回答的问题不利于展开对话。
D
Scientists have made great discoveries.But how have they influenced our personal lives？Do kids in your classroom even know when Einstein lived？You may be wondering：but why is it important to teach kids about modern?day scientists?
First，stories of scientists can encourage kids.Chris Hadfield is a Canadian who went to space，and he’s a real guitar?playing person.He makes singing videos on YouTube! His story can make kids think scientists are also common people.Hearing scientists’ stories makes kids think “I can do that too！”
But not only that，the stories of famous scientists can encourage kids to never give up.Bill Nye was always refused when trying to be an astronaut.But today，he’s made a lot of successes in his role as a popular science educator and engineer.Besides，it’s no secret that scientific discoveries require trying，and trying again.
Another way some scientists can encourage kids is through their diversity(多样性)．Neil deGrasse Tyson，for example，is an African?American，which is not common in his field.Such stories can make kids think anyone can be a scientist.
It’s important to know that scientists don’t need to be “gifted” or “good” at school.Often we consider a scientist as being an extremely smart kid at school.That doesn’t have to be true.They just need to have a great interest in science.Telling students stories of scientists can encourage them to show interest in science.As long as they’re interested，they are likely to become a scientist in the future.
Modern scientists teach kids that knowledge builds upon the foundation(基础) others have laid.This is important—no one can do it alone.Scientists’ stories can encourage today’s young scientists to keep trying.They’ll be encouraged not to give up on the dream of making discoveries. Even if they haven’t made important discoveries，their research may help the following scientists.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。作者认为，老师应该给学生讲科学家的故事来激励他们。
32．What can Chris Hadfield’s story tell students?
A．Scientists are interested in different things.
B．Students should have a hobby of their own.
C．Scientists can be ordinary like people around us.
D．Students should consider scientists as their models.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的His story can make kids think scientists are also common people.可知，科学家也可能和我们身边的人一样。
33．Which of the following would the author agree with?
A．African?Americans are more likely to become scientists.
B．Scientists are not necessarily very smart at school.
C．Not all scientists really show interest in science.
D．Scientists are usually good at their schooling.
B　解析：观点态度题。根据第五段的It’s important to know that scientists don’t need to be “gifted” or “good” at school.Often we consider a scientist as being an extremely smart kid at school.That doesn’t have to be true.可知，作者认为成为科学家未必需要在学业上极其聪明。
34．The last paragraph shows us that ________．
A．scientists should help each other
B．a scientist should never give up trying
C．making discoveries is necessary for scientists
D．new scientific discoveries may be based on others’ findings
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第六段的Modern scientists teach kids that knowledge builds upon the foundation(基础) others have laid.及Even if they haven’t made important discoveries，their research may help the following scientists.可知，新的科学发现可能建立在已有的科学发现上。
35．What is the text mainly about?
A．Why scientists are important to us.
B．Why scientists can encourage students.
C．Why students love stories of scientists.
D．Why students should be taught about scientists.
D　解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了为什么要给学生讲科学家的故事。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When you learn a new subject，you may always consider how much time you need to truly understand it all.Here we give you some advice about how to study，so you’ll be able to take on more information with shorter study sessions(时段)．
·Study in small sessions.Our ability to store the information we take reduces(降低) after around 30 minutes，so you’d better cut your studying sessions into smaller parts.36.________
·Find a study area.Don’t study in a place where you sleep！Don’t study in your bed，where you play games，or in front of the TV.Why？37.________ You need to program your mind to study in a place where you always study and nowhere else.
·Take good notes.38.________ And review them after class to increase your understanding.
·39.________ To be a good student，you should be a good teacher.You cannot teach something you do not know.
·Read your textbook effectively(有效地)．Always use the SQ3R method.You need to survey，question，read，recite(背诵)，review to actively remember the information.40.________
A．Train your mind.
B．Just reading it is not enough.
C．Be ready to teach what you’ve learned.
D．It’s a good idea to study in a familiar place.
E．You can do some fun activities during your breaks.
F．Find a note?taking method that works best for you.
G．Doing so will only mix up your mind as to what to do.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几种有效学习的方法。
36．E　解析：E项中的do some fun activities during your breaks与该空前的Our ability...reduces(降低) after around 30 minutes...cut your studying sessions into smaller parts.相呼应，此处作者建议读者在休息时做一些有趣的事来调整自己。
37．G　解析：由该空后的need to program your mind可知，G项中的mix up your mind as to what to do是对前文不能在床上或电视机前学习的解释。
38．F　解析：F项中的Find a note?taking method和本段小标题Take good notes.相呼应。
39．C　解析：C项中的teach what you’ve learned和下文中的You cannot teach something you do not know.相呼应。
40．B　解析：由本段小标题Read your textbook effectively(有效地)．和下一句的Always use the SQ3R method.可知，读书只读是不够的，还需要用方法有效率地读，故选B项。
第三部分　语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I live in Rumbek，South Sudan.Here girls face many barriers(障碍) to __41__．Some girls cannot __42__ to attend school because their parents cannot meet the costs，and there is also __43__ housework for girls，which eats into their time.Some parents，through ignorance(愚昧)，just don’t __44__ their daughters to go to school.
Another __45__ is that girls can be married off early，often by __46__．We don’t have the __47__ to choose the person we wish to marry.Our parents __48__ us to the one who pays the highest price in cows.Now more people are going hungry and marrying off girls to get cows to __49__．This happened to me.My parents married me off when I was studying，and I had to __50__ school.
Luckily，my brother __51__ me a lot.He brought me to a __52__ centre for girls who have dropped out of school，Accelerated Secondary Education for Women(ASEW)．ASEW __53__ to help girls finish school.
When I __54__ ASEW，I saw that the headteacher was a woman and that __55__ me.ASEW was a school without punishment and schoolfees(学费)．It was a day school, not boarding school(寄宿学校)，that gave me __56__ to help at home.The curriculum(课程) was __57__ so we could complete our education more quickly.It was also __58__，protected from outsiders.It is extremely dangerous for women and girls __59__ there is fighting all around Rumbek.
At ASEW，I studied hard and passed with a high score of 77 per cent.I wish other girls could have __60__ like me，to go back to school.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。在南苏丹，因为人们生活贫穷、思想观念落后等原因，许多女孩被迫早早嫁人，没有机会接受教育。作者便是其中一位。幸运的是，在哥哥的帮助下，作者重新开始求学生涯。
41．A.education B．work
C．success D．communication
A　解析：由下文中的school可知，在南苏丹，女孩们在“教育(education)”方面遇到许多障碍。
42．A.wait B．afford
C．refuse D．promise
B　解析：由本句中的because their parents cannot meet the costs可知，许多女孩上不起学，故填afford。afford意为“承担得起”。
43．A.heavy B．easy
C．little D．dangerous
A　解析：由本句中的which eats into their time可知，女孩们有“繁重的(heavy)”家务活要干。eat into sth.消耗、花掉、耗费(尤指金钱或时间)。
44．A.invite B．order
C．allow D．train
C　解析：由through ignorance(愚昧)可知，一些父母因为无知，不“允许(allow)”他们的女儿上学。
45．A.part B．difficulty
C．idea D．problem
D　解析：由第一段的描述以及本句中的girls can be married off early可知，另一个“问题(problem)”是女孩们会早早嫁人。
46．A.mistake B．force
C．law D．nature
B　
47．A.ability B．right
C．patience D．energy
B
48．A.lend B．show
C．give D．introduce
C　解析：由本段中的We don’t have...to choose the person we wish to marry.以及My parents married me off when I was studying可知，女孩们早早地就嫁人了，通常被“强行(by force)”那样做。女孩们没有“权利(right)”选择自己想嫁的人。(在南苏丹，一个男人要结婚必须给新娘家人牛群作为聘礼。)女孩们的父母会把她们“送给(give)”聘礼给的最高的那个人。
49．A.study B．move
C．hide D．live
D　解析：由more people are going hungry可知，人们将女儿嫁了换取牛以“生存下去(live)”。
50．A.leave B．attend
C．start D．finish
A　解析：由本句中的My parents married me off when I was studying以及下文中的He brought me to...for girls who have dropped out of school可知，“我”还在上学时，父母将“我”嫁人了，于是“我”不得不“辍学(leave school)”。
51．A.taught B．bought
C．told D．helped
D　解析：由下文中的He brought me to a...centre for girls who have dropped out of school以及全文的描述可知，哥哥对“我”“帮助(helped)”很大。
52．A.shopping B．learning
C．research D．health
B　
53．A.wants B．prefers
C．stops D．remembers
A　解析：由Accelerated Secondary Education for Women(ASEW)以及下文中的ASEW was a school without punishment and schoolfees(学员)...a day school，not boarding school(寄宿学校)可知，ASEW是一个“学习(learning)”中心，“想要(wants)”帮助辍学的女孩们完成学业。
54．A.looked for B．came to
C．heard D．suggested
B　解析：由上文中的He brought me to...Accelerated Secondary Education for Women(ASEW)以及下文中的I saw that the headteacher was a woman可知，此处表示当“我”“来到(came to)”ASEW时。
55．A.worried B．satisfied
C．saved D．encouraged
D　解析：由上文可知，在南苏丹，因为多种原因，许多女孩会早早嫁人，没有机会接受教育。作者也不例外。因此，当作者来到ASEW，看到校长是一名女校长时，她受到“鼓舞(encouraged)”。
56．A.time B．money
C．power D．courage
A　解析：由It was a day school，not boarding school(寄宿学校)可知，“我”有“时间(time)”给家里帮忙。
57．A.added up B．broken up
C．speeded up D．mixed up
C　解析：由本句中的so we could complete our education more quickly可知，我们的课程进行得很快，故填speeded up。speed up意为“(使)加速”。
58．A.free B．beautiful
C．large D．safe
D　解析：由protected from outsiders以及下文中的It is extremely dangerous for women and girls可知，在ASEW学习中心，我们很“安全(safe)”。
59．A.as B．unless
C．though D．before
A　解析：It is extremely dangerous for women and girls与there is fighting all around Rumbek之间是因果关系，故填as。
60．A.dreams B．skills
C．chances D．duties
C　解析：结合全文可知，“我”在哥哥的帮助下重新开始求学生涯。因此，“我”希望其他女孩也有这样的“机会(chances)”。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A new study says that going to bed late may be bad 61.____________ our health.It may even shorten our life.The study was carried out in the United Kingdom.Researchers spent six and a half years 62.____________(look) at the lifestyles(生活方式) of 430，000 people between the ages of thirty?eight 63.____________ seventy?three.At the end of the study，the researchers compared the deaths of people who went to bed early to those who went to bed late and 64.____________(find) that night owls(people who go to bed late) were 10 per cent more likely(有可能) to die during the period of the study.The researchers said that night owls were at 65.____________(high) risk of an early death than early birds(people who go to bed and get up early)．They were more likely to suffer from stomach and breathing troubles，and other 66.____________(problem)．It may be because night owls have a biological(生物的) clock 67.____________ doesn’t match their environment. And 68.____________(difference) sleeping patterns(方式) during the week and at weekends could increase the chances of health problems for night owls.
Researcher Malcolm von Schantz said, “This is a public health problem that can no longer 69.__________(ignore)．” He suggested that night owls should be allowed 70.__________(start) and finish work later in the day so they could sleep longer in the morning.
61．for　解析：考查介词。be bad for...意为“有害于……”。
62．looking　解析：考查动词?ing形式作宾语补足语的用法。spend...doing sth.意为“花费……做某事”。
63．and　解析：考查连词。设空处所在句意为“研究人员用了六年半的时间观察43万名年龄在38岁到73岁之间的人们的生活方式”，故填and。between...and...意为“在……和……之间”。
64．found　解析：考查一般过去时。设空处与compared并列作谓语，应用一般过去时，故填found。
65．higher　解析：考查形容词比较级。由than early birds可知，此处应用high的比较级，故填higher。
66．problems　解析：考查名词复数。设空处作suffer from的宾语，表示“问题”，由other可知，此处应用名词复数，故填problems。
67．that/which　解析：考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰biological clock，且在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
68．different　解析：考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语修饰sleeping patterns，表示“不同的”，故填形容词different。
69．be ignored　解析：考查被动语态。设空处所在句意为“这是一个不容再忽视的公众健康问题”，故应用被动语态，因为设空处前有情态动词，故填be ignored。
70．to start　解析：考查动词不定式作补语的用法。allow sb.to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”。
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
My name is Lily.If I was in middle school，I had few friends because I was afraid of talking to others.My mother was very concerning about me.Before I went to high school，my mother had a talk with me.She suggested I tried to talk with others.“In this way，you can make with more friends.You know，it is very important for all of us to having some friends.”Finally，I decided to follow her advices.On my second day in high school，I met girl who smiled at me.I remember my mother’s words and said hello to she.Now，she is my best friend and gradual，I’m more outgoing than before.
答案：
My name is Lily. I was in middle school，I had few friends because I was afraid of talking to others.My mother was very about me.Before I went to high school，my mother had a talk with me.She suggested I to talk with others.“In this way，you can make more friends.You know，it is very important for all of us to some friends.”Finally，I decided to follow her .On my second day in high school，I met girl who smiled at me.I my mother’s words and said hello to .Now，she is my best friend and ，I’m more outgoing than before.
第二节　书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李华，你在新学校终于结交了一位志趣相投的朋友。请你写一封邮件将这一好消息分享给你的笔友Tony，内容包括：
1．新朋友简介；
2．如何成为朋友的；
3．你的愿望。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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One possible version：
Dear Tony，
How are you doing？I have been dreaming of making friends with someone who has something in common with me since I came to the new school.Luckily，I have found the one I’m longing for，so I can’t wait to share the good news with you.
My new friend is Zhang Lei，a 16?year?old and easy?going boy.Not only does he have many positive hobbies，but he is also friendly and always willing to help others.It was in a basketball match where he hurt his leg because of protecting me that we became good friends.
I hope we will help each other in the years to come.May our friendship last forever!
Yours truly，
Li Hua






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