北师大版高中英语模块6 Unit 16 Stories 话题语言应用——故事
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| 名称 | 北师大版高中英语模块6 Unit 16 Stories 话题语言应用——故事 |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 北师大版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-11-14 11:02:50 | ||
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话题语言应用——故事
语言积累
交际用语
表达猜想、假设和信念
What do you think of ...? 你认为……怎么样？
I thought it was absolutely brilliant/ quite funny... 我认为它绝对灿烂/ 相当滑稽……
That’s true, but the plot was a bit silly. 那是真的，但是情节有点无聊。
Oh, come on! He was... 哦，得了吧。他是……
I guess... 我猜想……
I suppose... 我以为……
I believe... 我相信……
I’m optimistic about… 有关……我很乐观。
As far as I know… 据我所知……
It seems to me that… 对我来说，似乎……
From my point of view, ... 在我看来……
话题语句（1）
About stories 有关故事
biography 自传 science fiction 科幻小说 fairy tale 童话故事
fantasy 幻想（故事） detective story 侦探故事 adventure story 冒险故事
historical story 历史故事 horror story 恐怖故事 humorous story 幽默故事
love story 爱情故事 travel story 旅行故事 fictitious story 虚构小说
true story 真实故事
legend (传说): story handed down from the past, but may not be true
myth (神话): story that is originated in ancient times, especially one dealing with ideas or beliefs about the early history of a race, or giving explanation of natural events, such as the seasons …
Record of a Journey to the West 《西游记》
The Romance of Three Kingdoms 《三国演义》
Sherlock Holmes 《歇洛克(福尔摩斯》
Robin Hood 《罗宾汉》
Robinson Cruise 《鲁滨逊漂流记》
要点提示：
hand down 传下来 originate 起源于，来自 ancient times 古代
deal with 论述，应付，涉及到 belief 相信，信念，信仰
About Pompeii
The time capsule preserves a frozen moment in history.
The volcanic eruption occurred on August 24th, 79 AD and destroyed the whole city.
People gathered together for protection in their last hours of life.
More than 1,600 years later, some scientists found the lost towns that had been buried under the ashes.
By 1748, scientists had found an awesome historical site.
Thousands of tourists and hundreds of scientists visit Pompeii every year to learn more about the ancient world.
要点提示：
volcanic eruption 火山爆发 frozen 冷藏的，冷冻的
awesome 令人敬畏的，使人畏惧的，可怕的 tourist 观光客
historical 历史的
Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses 兵马俑
A group of peasants uncovered some pottery while digging for a well near the royal tomb, which drove archeologists to study and to extend the digs.
The State Council authorized to build a museum on the site.
No.1 Pit was first opened to the public on China’s National Day.
The Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses was listed by UNESCO as one of the world cultural heritages.
No.3 Pit went on display, with 68 warriors, a war chariot and four horses.
No.2 Pit was unveiled to the public.
要点提示：
pottery 陶器 drive 驱使，促使 extend 延伸
state 国家 council 委员会 authorize 批准
chariot 战车 unveil 揭去面罩 go on display 展出
UNESCO 联合国教科文组织 cultural heritages 文化遗产
话题语句（2）
Western names
Apart from their surname or last name or family name in Britain or the US, most British and American children are given two personal names by their parents, a first name and a middle name. These names are sometimes called Christian names or given names. Some people have only one given name, a few have three or more.
Parents usually decide on given names for their children before they are born. In some families the oldest boy is given the same name as his father. In the US the word junior or senior, or a number is added after the name and surname to make it clear which person is being referred to.
Many popular names come from the Bible, e.g. Jacob, Joshua and Matthew, Mary, Rebecca and Sarah, though this does not imply that the people who choose them are religious. Other people give their children the name of somebody they admire, such as a famous sports personality, or a film or pop star. In Britain the names William and Harry have become common again since the sons of Prince Charles were given these names.
要点提示：
apart from 除了……（还） Christian name 教名 decide on 对……做出决定
surname 姓 imply 暗示 personality 名人
几个英语名的意义：
Mark means loving sports. The person who has the name is usually handsome and loves freedom.
Joy means happy. The girl is described as very lovely, kind and easy-going.
Mars means warrior. Now it means strong and handsome man. Maybe he is hard-working.
Ben original meaning is “son”. The man is usually described as very tall and strong and has dark hair, sometimes silent and gentle.
Cathy Just like a cat, the girl is dynamic, outgoing, and lovely.
Lynn The original meaning is waterfall. The girl who has the name maybe very tall, slim, healthy, independent and kind-hearted.
要点提示：
original 起初的，原来的 dynamic 有活力的 independent 独立的
Helen Keller
blind, deaf and dumb when she was young
peaceful and mild in her middle ages
Because of these severe restrictions on her communication, Helen could not speak, read or write.
All Anne Sullivan got to do first is to stop Helen’s unbearable behaviors, and when they first met, she gave Helen a big hug.
Sullivan’s way of teaching is simple and straightforward. She taught Helen the word “doll” by spelling it on her hand.
When Anne taught her the word “love”, she got confused about it. She mistook it for sun and the sweetness of flower.
Mrs. Sullivan took her to the sun when teaching the word “love”.
She came to understand “think” and “love”—these two abstract words, which cannot be touched.
Some Quotes Helen Keller wrote
We can do anything we want to do if we stick to it long enough. Although the world is full of suffering, it is full also of the overcoming of it.
Keep your face to the sunshine and you will not see the shadows.
Life is either a daring adventure or nothing.
When one door of happiness closes, another opens; but often we look so long at the closed door that we do not see the one which has been opened for us.
要点提示：
overcome 克服，战胜 severe 严重的，严厉的 restriction 约束，限制
unbearable 不能忍受的 abstract 抽象的 daring 勇敢的
话题语句（3）
有用的句子-----试试你会了吗？
1. 这场极其悲伤的事件给普利尼留下了深刻的印象，他的一位叔叔在（火山）爆发中丧生。
The particularly sad _______ left a deep __________ Pliny who had lost an uncle in the eruption.
2. 对这些曾经活着的雕像，人们只能感到悲痛和深切的同情。
One can only feel _______ and deep _______ for these once-living statues.
3. 我的汽车在去沙滩的路上抛锚了。
My car ___________ on the way to the beach.
4. 李诗春的“春”代表春天。
The “Chun” part of Li Shichun _________ spring.
5. 把你的好名字看作是你可能拥有的最贵重的宝石。
________ your good name as the richest jewel you can possibly _______.
6. 在她的人生早期，她也有视力问题，因此她能够理解海伦的困难。
She had had eyesight problems early in life ______ so she could ______ Helen’s difficulties.
7. “思考”这个词对海伦来说也是一个难词，但是在做一件简单的事情时，她取得了突破性的进展。
The word “think” was also a difficult one for Helen but she had a _______ while _______ a simple task.
8. 这是海伦第一次理解这样一个复杂的词——一个她触摸不到的东西的含义。
It was the first time Helen ________ such a complex word—a word for something she couldn’t touch.
9. 我感到非常为难，在比赛时只好低头看书。
I felt _______ and had to ________ at my book during the competition.
10. 我一离开家，事情就开始不对头。
The day started to ________ ________ I left home.
参考答案：
1. event (事件)；impression（印象）on;
2. sorrow; sympathy
3. broke down
4. stands for
5. Regard; possess
6. as well; relate to（有关系、涉及、理解。如：Many adults can’t relate to children.）
7. breakthrough (突破); working on （忙于，继续工作）
8. had understood (句型“It/ This/ That is/ was the first/ second/ ...times +从句”中的从句要用完成时)
9. awkward（尴尬的）；look down
10. go wrong（不顺利，出现问题）; the instant（引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”）
写作运用
记叙文
本单元要求我们学写人物简介和生活中的事件，相当于记叙文中的记人记叙文和记事记叙文。在记叙文的写作中，要注意使用过渡词语，以避免枯燥的时间罗列。
记叙文也可以通过信件、电子邮件、板报稿件、日记等形式来考查。
1. 人物简介的写作步骤
1) Birthday and birth place 生辰和出生地
2) Family background 家庭背景
3) Education 教育背景
4) Big events in his or her life (in order of time) 生平重要事件（按时间顺序）
5) Evaluation 评价
2. 历史事件的写作
1) Background：when, where, who, what, how, why
事件背景（时间、地点、人物、发展、原因）
2) Describe the events with some details according to the time when they happened.
根据事件发生的时间顺序描述事件，添加一定的细节
3) The status of the events/ The effect of the events nowadays
事件的地位/事件的现时影响
3. 过渡词
after that 然后 and then 然后 suddenly 突然
however 然而，但是 therefore 因此
in addition 另外 what’s more 还有 guess what 猜猜看，你猜怎么着
典型语句
1. 性别与婚姻
She got married in 1980 and now she has been married for more than 30 years.
I’m 35，male and unmarried.
2. 年龄
Born in 1994, he is now an 18-year-old student, studying in a university.
He began to make a living at the age of 14/at an early age.
In his fifties, he began to feel his age.
By the age of 14, he had set up a chemistry lab of his own.
3. 外貌特征
He is a good-looking/funny-looking man，with a thick moustache but no hair left.
He is a tall man，with blue eyes and blonde hair. (deep-set eyes，big bright eyes，a long straight nose，brown curling hair，broad shoulders)
4. 身高(Height)
He is really a tall man，about 1.98 meters in height.
5. 健康状况
I’m not so strong，but (I’m) in good health.
6. 教育状况
I went to study in Beijing University in 1984 and four years later I graduated (from that university)．
We learned many courses，including...
I got my bachelor’s (master’s, doctor’s) degree in mathematics in...
7. 特长爱好
I won the first prize in the English speech contest at school last year.
He got the first place in the homepage designing contest.
In my spare time，I like reading and enjoying traveling.
8. 详细特色（用举例法）
He was very forgetful. Once he came across an old friend of his in the street and...
He had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting. I still remember my first day as a chemistry student.
写作范文
记人记叙文
Example 1
请根据以下要点，写一篇英语短文，对Nelson Mandela作简单介绍。
要点：
1．1918年7月18日生于南非的Transkei；
2．1937年上大学；
3．1944年组建非国大(ANC)“青年联盟”；
4．1962年入狱，1990年获释；
5．1993年获得诺贝尔和平奖；
6．1994年当选南非总统；
7．终生致力于世界和平事业。
注意：1.词数100左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
Nelson Mandela was born in Transkei，South Africa on July 18，1918. He entered university when he was 19 years old．In 1944 he founded ANC Youth League. He was sentenced to prison in 1962 and was set free after 27 years’ hard time in prison. Nelson Mandela won Nobel Peace Prize in 1993 and became President of South Africa the next year.
Nelson Mandela is one of the greatest people in the world and he has won wide respect from the people all over the world for his hard work. We regard him as a modern hero because he has devoted all his life to promoting world peace.
Example 2
最近，李越被评为你们班的“每周之星（Star Student of the Week）”。请你根据她的事迹 (在上周六下午，不顾天气炎热，为班级选购歌咏比赛服装)，用英语为班级板报写一篇短文。短文应包括下列要点：
1. 李越的事迹及其对同学的影响（被李越的事迹鼓励，竭尽全力，赢得了一等奖）；
2. 你的评论（她关心集体，常帮助别人）。
词数：100左右
参考词汇：singing contest 歌咏比赛 costume 服装
参考范文：
Star Student of the Week
Li Yue has been awarded the title of “Star Student of the Week” for what she did for our class. On the hot afternoon of last Saturday, Li Yue went downtown and walked from one store to another, looking for the costumes we would wear in the singing contest regardless of (不管) the hot weather. While the rest of us were enjoying our leisure time in cool and comfortable rooms, she took great pains to search, select and manage to find the right clothes. Deeply moved by her efforts, we tried our best and won the first prize in the contest.
Apart from being warm-hearted and caring a lot about the class, Li Yue often devotes her spare time to helping others. She has set a good example to us. Therefore, she deserves the honor and we should learn from her.
记事记叙文
Example 1
假设你是图中的男孩。请根据以下图画提供情节线索，以Sharing Housework为题，用英文叙述你帮妈妈做家务的经过及感想。
词数：100左右。
参考范文：
One day when I was about to play football, I saw Mother taking a lot of dirty clothes to wash and a bucket to carry water. Having put the clothes and water into the basin, Mother went shopping. I thought Mother was very tired, so I decided to help her wash clothes. While I was doing the washing, Li Ming came and asked me to play football with him. I refused him and told him that I would help Mother finish the housework first. When I got the housework done, I was so tired that I was sweating all over. When Mother came back home, she found I had washed all the dirty clothes and said that I was a good child. I felt very happy.
Example 2
假设你是李华，上周你们班组织了一次感谢恩师的活动。请根据下面图示，为学校网站写一篇英文稿件，叙述这次活动从准备到结束的完整过程。
注意：词数不少于60
参考范文：
Last week our class organized an activity to thank our teachers before graduation. On Thursday we had a class meeting to discuss what to do. We came up with many good ideas. Then we decided to send them gifts and do some good deeds.
The next day we carried out our plan. Some of us cleaned the teachers’ office and decorated it with potted flowers, making it more comfortable for the teachers to work in. Others helped wash the cars or bikes. Still others gave well-prepared gifts to the teachers, who were very pleased and expressed their best wishes to us.
We all felt happy that we had done something for our teachers.
巩固练习
一、单项选择
1. The government placed ________ on the numbers of foreign cars that could be imported.
A．limitations B．assumption C．requirements D．restrictions
2. —Why are you so late?
—I was on the way to school when it ______ to me that I had left my notebook home, so I had to fetch it.
A．occurred B．hit C．happened D．reminded
3. The professor ______ at the meeting will give us a lecture next week.
A．referred B．referred to C．referring D．referring to
4. This is the first time we ______ a film in the cinema together as a family.
A．see B．had seen C．saw D．have seen
5. —Were you busy last weekend?
—Very. Rather than ____ time playing cards as usual, I devoted every effort to ____ an advertisement.
A. wasting; making B. waste; make C. to waste; make D. a waste of; making
6. This special school accepts all disabled students, ______ their educational level and background.
A. according to B. regardless of C. in addition to D. in terms of
7. —When did he leave the classroom?
—He left ______ you turned back to write on the blackboard.
A．the time B．the instant C．until D．since
8. The matter ______ your fate cannot be taken for granted.
A．related for B．related to C．relate to D．to relate to
9. A university is an educational institution which ______ degrees and carries out research.
A. rewards B. awards C. grants D. presents
10. Some of the old _________ about the space age are coming true.
A. fantasies B. reputation C. nightmares D. impressions
11. The copper mirror has been well ______ though it has a history of more than 500 years.
A. preserved B. treated C. prevented D. stayed
12. Americans are often _________ with chopsticks.
A. awkward B. awful C. aware D. automatic
13. If you meet with difficulties, you should find a way _______ them.
A. to get rid B. overcoming C. getting rid of D. to overcome
14. The letters _________ well against the dark background.
A. stood by B. stood for C. stoop up D. stood out
15. This magazine is very _______ with young people, who like its content and style.
A. familiar B. popular C. similar D. particular
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～20各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
Susan was a shy but clever girl. She couldn’t see too well and had worn glasses for many years. Some of her classmates began to __1__ at her big glasses. Lewis started calling her “Four Eyes”．She acted like she didn’t mind，but in fact Susan couldn’t __2__ it.
One day，the class went to visit some famous caves，when Lewis put his foot in a hole and slipped. While __3__，he grabbed onto Susan，who was walking next to him，and both fell down the hole and landed in a very big __4__ cave. All that could be seen was a single ray of light coming from the cave roof，and some __5__ which had fallen through the hole. Susan and Lewis shouted for help，but no one came. He used the __6__ light to look for a way out. But after hours of __7__，he found nothing，and started feeling __8__．
It must have been __9__，when Susan noticed that the ray of light was descending from the hole in a straight line，and __10__on the floor in front of her. __11__，she took a piece of __12__ that had fallen into the cave，and ，using her __13__ as a magnifying glass，she __14__the ray of light onto the wood until a little __15__ sprang up. Now they had a torch. Lewis watched all this with surprise and __16__．He grabbed some more branches，and off they went together，to __17__ the cave.
It took them some time，and they had to __18__ quite a few torches，but finally they found a way out. He now __19__ having given her that name，__20__ seeing that it was her glasses that saved them both.
1. A. shout B．laugh C．point D．glance
2. A. stand B．understand C．resist D．stop
3. A. passing B．walking C．crying D．falling
4. A. narrow B．empty C．dark D．cold
5. A. branches B．stones C．leaves D．fruits
6. A. natural B．strong C．artificial D．weak
7. A. waiting B．searching C．planning D．talking
8. A. annoyed B．starved C．frightened D．puzzled
9. A. noon B．supper time C．early morning D．late afternoon
10. A. shining B．reflecting C．spreading D．landing
11. A. Slowly B．Quickly C．Quietly D．Finally
12. A. rock B．grass C．wood D．paper
13. A. keys B．shoes C．glasses D．knives
14. A. collected B．focused C．placed D．poured
15. A. air B．smoke C．light D．flame
16. A. excitement B．shock C．wonder D．pride
17. A. explode B．enlarge C．explore D．dig
18. A. break B．burn C．hold D．make
19. A. preferred B．remembered C．enjoyed D．regretted
20. A. especially B．actually C．carefully D．thoroughly
三、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每一小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
The view over a valley of a tiny village with thatched (草盖的) roof cottages around a church; a drive through a narrow village street lined with thatched cottages painted pink or white; the sight over the rolling hills of a pretty collection of thatched farm building—these are still common sights in parts of England. Most people will agree that the thatched roof is an essential part of the attraction of the English countryside.
Thatching is in fact the oldest of all the building crafts practiced in the British Isles. Although thatch has always been used for cottages and farm buildings, it was once used for castles and churches, too.
Thatching is a solitary(独自的) craft, which often runs in families. The craft of thatching as it is practiced today has changed very little since the Middle Ages. Over 800 full-time thatchers are employed in England and Wales today, maintaining and renewing the old roofs as well as thatching newer houses. Many property owners choose thatch not only for its beauty but because they know it will keep them cool in summer and warm in winter.
In fact, if we look at developing countries, over half the world lives under thatch, but they all do it in different ways. People in developing countries are often unwilling to go back to traditional materials and would prefer modern buildings. However, they may lack the money to allow them to import the necessary materials. Their temporary mud huts with thatched roofs of wild grasses often only last six months. Thatch which has been done in the British way lasts from twenty to sixty years and is an effective defence against the heat.
1．Which of the following remains a unique feature of the English countryside?
A．Cottages with thatched roofs.
B．Churches with cottages around them.
C．Rolling hills with pretty farm buildings.
D．Narrow streets lined with pink or white houses.
2．What do we know about thatching as a craft?
A．It is quite different from what it used to be.
B．It is in most cases handed down among family members.
C．It is practiced on farms all over England.
D．It is a short-term activity.
3．Thatched houses are still preferred because of ______.
A．their beautiful colors
B．their easy maintenance
C．their cheap and ready-made materials
D．their style and comfort
4．People in developing countries also live under thatch because ______.
A．they like thatched houses better than other buildings
B．thatch is an effective defence against the heat
C．thatched roof houses are the cheapest
D．thatched cottages are a big tourist attraction
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在标有1～10的空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
(1)
Teachers in Mexico went on a riot (暴乱) on Wednesday. They are angry 1 changes in their jobs made by the government. Hundreds of angry teachers broke windows, set fire to offices and drew graffiti (乱画) on the walls. Thousands more citizens 2 are angry with the government joined the teachers in the streets. The state governor 3 (send) hundreds of police officers to guard the local government buildings. The police could not stop the violence, so Mayor Mario Moreno asked for government support to control the situation. He told a local TV news station, “We do not have the 4 (able) to face a mob (暴民) of 4,000 people ___5___more.”
The teachers are angry that the changes would take power away from 6 unions. Mexico’s government wants more control over the quality of teachers and who becomes ___7___teacher. Teaching unions currently assess the quality of education in schools. The government wants to do this instead, to make sure all schools have similar standards. They try to have teachers pass tests 8 (get) jobs or get promoted (晋升). The government also wants to end the policy of buying and selling teaching jobs. Some teachers in Mexico give their position to a 9 (relate) when they retire or quit. The biggest teaching unions are worried 10 many teachers will lose their jobs. They also fear that the government wants to control every school.
(2)
When did people begin to eat eggs? It is said that people have been eating eggs 1 about six million years ago. By 7,000 BC, people in China and India were keeping chickens and eating their eggs, so they didn’t have to go 2 (hunt) for wild bird eggs anymore.
All through the Middle Ages, chickens only laid eggs for part of the year, 3 (main) in the spring. In this season, there was plenty 4 daylight but it wasn’t too hot. That’s why the westerners have Easter eggs (复活节彩蛋) to celebrate the return of eggs in the spring.
5 earliest way to eat eggs was raw. When people began to use fire, about a million years ago, they often 6 (roast) eggs in the coals. With the 7 (invent) of pottery (陶器), about 5,000 BC, boiling eggs gradually became more common. In ancient Rome, hard-boiled eggs were so common as an appetizer (开胃品) 8 was served at the beginning of the meal. People also began to use eggs in bread, cakes and so on.
Without refrigeration, eggs would keep for only a few days 9 people had to eat them. To make 10 keep longer, people would often pickle (腌渍) eggs in salt water and vinegar.
五、书面表达
请根据下面内容写一篇报道，词数120左右。
高中生李华是个乐于助人、勤奋学习的好学生。五月的一个星期天，他去访友，路遇一位妇女因车祸受伤，躺在路旁，腿上流血不止。他立刻对她施行了急救，止住了血，并打电话叫来救护车，将她送往医院。他还设法和她家人取得联系，不久她的家人赶到了医院，而李华未等他们向他表示感谢就离开了。
答案与解析
一、单项选择
1. D。restriction“(可数名词)限制性规定(与on搭配)”；limitation“局限性，不足之处，不利 之处”，与to搭配。assumption 假设；requirement 要求。句意：国家对进口的外国车的数量有限制性规定。
2. A。it occurred to sb. that... 意为“某人突然想起某事”。
3. B。refer to 与 the professor 之间是被动关系，因此应用过去分词短语作后置定语。
4. D。This is the first time...“这是第一次……”，因为句型中主句是现在时，从句用现在完成时态。
5. A。考查短语devote oneself to doing something的用法，以及短语rather than（而不是）要求句子前后保持一致，所以应选A。
6. B。考查介词短语用法。according to 根据；regardless of 不管，不顾；in addition to 除了……之外；in terms of 就……而言。句意：这所特殊学校接收所有的残疾学生,不管他们的教育水平和背景。
7. B。the instant用作连词，意为“一……就……”，相当于as soon as。同样，the minute，the moment等也可用作连词，表示“一……就……”的意思。
8. B。句意：和你命运相关的事情可不能想当然。relate to 意为“把……联系起来”，“事情”是被人联系到另一事物上的，因为句中已经有谓语动词cannot be taken，所以用过去分词related to...作后置定语。
9. B。句意：大学是授予学位和进行研究的教育机构。award sb. sth.授予某人某物，符合语境。reward sb. with sth. 以某物酬谢某人；grant同意（给予），答应（请求）；present sb. with sth.赠送某人某物。
10. A。句意：一些有关太空时代的古老幻想正在变成现实。fantasy 幻想，尤其指脱离现实的空想；reputation 名声；nightmare 噩梦；impression 印象。
11. A。句意：虽然这面铜镜有500多年的历史了，但是它得到了很好的保护。preserve 保护，保存；treat 治疗，对待；prevent 阻止；stay 保持，停留。
12. A。美国人用筷子一般是很笨拙的，所以选awkward，意为“动作难看的，笨拙的”；awful 恶劣的，令人敬畏的；aware 意识到的；automatic 自动的。
13. D。句意：如果你遇到困难，应该想办法去克服它们。a way to do sth. 表示“要做某事的方法”，用不定式作定语，表示“要做……”。get rid of 摆脱，除去。
14. D。句意：在黑色背景下，这些字母显得尤为突出。stand by 支持；stand for 代表；stand up 起立；stand out 突出。
15. B。句意：这本杂志非常受年轻人的欢迎，他们喜欢它的内容和风格。be popular with 受……的欢迎。
二、完形填空
本文是一篇记叙文。聪明而腼腆的Susan因为戴眼镜而受到同学的嘲笑。但在一次班级出游中，嘲笑她的同学Lewis和Susan一同掉进了一个漆黑的洞穴中，是Susan用自己的眼镜聚集太阳光点燃了洞里的枯树枝两人才得以走出洞穴。
1. B。从后一句“Lewis started calling her‘Four Eyes’”可知，同学们开始嘲笑Susan戴眼镜。laugh at“嘲笑”。
2. A。根据前句和转折词可知，Susan表面不在乎别人的嘲笑，但事实上难以忍受。stand“容忍，忍受”，符合语境。
3. D。Lewis在滑倒的时候抓住了走在他旁边的Susan。由语境可知D项正确。
4. C。从下句只能看到从洞顶射进来的一束光和后文两人用火把照明可知，山洞里非常黑。
5. A。从后文Susan用树枝做火把可知，有些树枝掉到了洞中。
6. D。从前文可知，只有一缕阳光照进洞里，由此可知光线很微弱。
7. B。Lewis试图借着光亮寻找出去的路，但是经过几个小时的寻找，并没有找到出口。
8. C。经过几个小时的寻找仍未找到出口，他开始感到害怕。
9. A。阳光直射在洞中，由此判断此时已经是中午了。
10.D。从时间到了中午这一细节可知，阳光从洞口射入，落在地面上。land“落下，掉下”，符合语境。
11. B。Susan很快拿起了一块掉在山洞里的木头。故B项正确，其他三项均不符合语境。
12. C。后文有提示，Susan用树枝做成了火把，因此此处指“木头”。
13. C。从本文最后一句可知，正是Susan的眼镜救了两人的命，因此此处指她将眼镜用作放大镜来点燃木头。
14. B。由语境可知，此处指她用眼镜把阳光聚集在木头上。focus“集中(光束于)”，符合语境。
15. D。在阳光的照射下，木头点燃了，出现了小火苗。
16. A。看到眼前发生的一切，Lewis感到既吃惊又兴奋，因为两人可以借助火把找到洞穴的出口了。
17. C。他又捡了一些树枝，他们一起去探索洞穴。
18. B。两人花费了很长时间，烧掉了好几根火把，但是最终他们找到了出口。
19. D。Susan的眼镜救了两人的命，因此Lewis后悔当初给Susan起那个外号。regret doing sth.“后悔做了某事”。
20. A。尤其是当他看到正是她的眼镜救了两人的命时。especially意为“尤其”，加重语气，符合语境。
三、阅读理解
1. A。事实细节题。根据第一段最后一行Most people will agree that the thatched roof is an essential part of the attraction of the English countryside.和第三段中Over 800 full-time thatchers are employed in England and Wales today, maintaining and renewing the old roofs as well as thatching newer houses.可知草顶屋至今仍是英国乡村一道独特的风景。
2. B。推理判断题。从第三段的Thatching is a solitary(独自的) craft, which often runs in families. The craft of thatching as it is practiced today has changed very little since the Middle Ages.可推断该手艺是家传的。
3. D。事实细节题。从第三段中的Many property owners choose thatch not only for its beauty but because they know it will keep them cool in summer and warm in winter.可知，英国人喜欢草顶屋是因为它既美观又舒适。
4. C。事实细节题。从第四段中得知发展中国家的人们选择草顶屋是因为没钱选择更好的建筑材料。
四、语法填空
(1) 墨西哥的一些教师因不满政府的政策而发动暴乱。
1. at/about。be angry at/about…意为”对……生气”。
2. who。此处用who引导一个定语从句，修饰前面的先行词citizens。
3. sent。此处用所给动词的一般过去时表示发生在过去的事情。
4. ability。此处需用所给单词的名词形式，在句中作宾语，表示”能力”。
5. or。此处是一个否定句，用or more表示”或者更多”。
6. their。此处用代词their代指前面的teachers’，修饰后面的unions。
7. a。此处填不定冠词表一类人。
8. to get。此处填动词不定式表目的。
9. relative。此处填名词，表示”亲属”。
10. that。此处用连词that引导一个宾语从句。
(2) 人类吃鸡蛋的历史源远流长，不同时代的人有不同的吃法。
1. since。根据句子时态及逻辑含义可知，此处需要填连词since，表示”自从”。
2. hunting。此处需要填动名词，go hunting意为”去打猎”。
3. mainly。此处需要填副词mainly，表示”主要地”。]
4. of。此处需要填介词of与plenty搭配，plenty of表示”充足的，大量的”。
5. The。根据后面形容词的最高级形式可知，此处应填定冠词。
6. roasted。根据句子语法可知，此处需要填谓语动词。由于动作发生在过去，故填roasted。
7. invention。此处需要填提示词的名词形式invention。
8. which/that。which/that引导限制性定语从句。
9. before。根据句子逻辑含义可知，此处需要填连词before，表示”在……之前”。
10. them。此处需要填代词them，指代eggs。
五、书面表达
Li Hua, a senior high school student, studies very hard and is always ready to help others. One Sunday in May, on his way to visit his friend, he saw a woman lying on the ground. She was injured in a car accident and one of her legs was bleeding badly. Without any hesitation he gave her first aid and stopped the bleeding. Then he called an ambulance to take her to a nearby hospital and managed to get in touch with her family. Soon her husband and her son came and wanted to thank Li Hua, but he left before they could show their thanks to him.
语言积累
交际用语
表达猜想、假设和信念
What do you think of ...? 你认为……怎么样？
I thought it was absolutely brilliant/ quite funny... 我认为它绝对灿烂/ 相当滑稽……
That’s true, but the plot was a bit silly. 那是真的，但是情节有点无聊。
Oh, come on! He was... 哦，得了吧。他是……
I guess... 我猜想……
I suppose... 我以为……
I believe... 我相信……
I’m optimistic about… 有关……我很乐观。
As far as I know… 据我所知……
It seems to me that… 对我来说，似乎……
From my point of view, ... 在我看来……
话题语句（1）
About stories 有关故事
biography 自传 science fiction 科幻小说 fairy tale 童话故事
fantasy 幻想（故事） detective story 侦探故事 adventure story 冒险故事
historical story 历史故事 horror story 恐怖故事 humorous story 幽默故事
love story 爱情故事 travel story 旅行故事 fictitious story 虚构小说
true story 真实故事
legend (传说): story handed down from the past, but may not be true
myth (神话): story that is originated in ancient times, especially one dealing with ideas or beliefs about the early history of a race, or giving explanation of natural events, such as the seasons …
Record of a Journey to the West 《西游记》
The Romance of Three Kingdoms 《三国演义》
Sherlock Holmes 《歇洛克(福尔摩斯》
Robin Hood 《罗宾汉》
Robinson Cruise 《鲁滨逊漂流记》
要点提示：
hand down 传下来 originate 起源于，来自 ancient times 古代
deal with 论述，应付，涉及到 belief 相信，信念，信仰
About Pompeii
The time capsule preserves a frozen moment in history.
The volcanic eruption occurred on August 24th, 79 AD and destroyed the whole city.
People gathered together for protection in their last hours of life.
More than 1,600 years later, some scientists found the lost towns that had been buried under the ashes.
By 1748, scientists had found an awesome historical site.
Thousands of tourists and hundreds of scientists visit Pompeii every year to learn more about the ancient world.
要点提示：
volcanic eruption 火山爆发 frozen 冷藏的，冷冻的
awesome 令人敬畏的，使人畏惧的，可怕的 tourist 观光客
historical 历史的
Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses 兵马俑
A group of peasants uncovered some pottery while digging for a well near the royal tomb, which drove archeologists to study and to extend the digs.
The State Council authorized to build a museum on the site.
No.1 Pit was first opened to the public on China’s National Day.
The Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses was listed by UNESCO as one of the world cultural heritages.
No.3 Pit went on display, with 68 warriors, a war chariot and four horses.
No.2 Pit was unveiled to the public.
要点提示：
pottery 陶器 drive 驱使，促使 extend 延伸
state 国家 council 委员会 authorize 批准
chariot 战车 unveil 揭去面罩 go on display 展出
UNESCO 联合国教科文组织 cultural heritages 文化遗产
话题语句（2）
Western names
Apart from their surname or last name or family name in Britain or the US, most British and American children are given two personal names by their parents, a first name and a middle name. These names are sometimes called Christian names or given names. Some people have only one given name, a few have three or more.
Parents usually decide on given names for their children before they are born. In some families the oldest boy is given the same name as his father. In the US the word junior or senior, or a number is added after the name and surname to make it clear which person is being referred to.
Many popular names come from the Bible, e.g. Jacob, Joshua and Matthew, Mary, Rebecca and Sarah, though this does not imply that the people who choose them are religious. Other people give their children the name of somebody they admire, such as a famous sports personality, or a film or pop star. In Britain the names William and Harry have become common again since the sons of Prince Charles were given these names.
要点提示：
apart from 除了……（还） Christian name 教名 decide on 对……做出决定
surname 姓 imply 暗示 personality 名人
几个英语名的意义：
Mark means loving sports. The person who has the name is usually handsome and loves freedom.
Joy means happy. The girl is described as very lovely, kind and easy-going.
Mars means warrior. Now it means strong and handsome man. Maybe he is hard-working.
Ben original meaning is “son”. The man is usually described as very tall and strong and has dark hair, sometimes silent and gentle.
Cathy Just like a cat, the girl is dynamic, outgoing, and lovely.
Lynn The original meaning is waterfall. The girl who has the name maybe very tall, slim, healthy, independent and kind-hearted.
要点提示：
original 起初的，原来的 dynamic 有活力的 independent 独立的
Helen Keller
blind, deaf and dumb when she was young
peaceful and mild in her middle ages
Because of these severe restrictions on her communication, Helen could not speak, read or write.
All Anne Sullivan got to do first is to stop Helen’s unbearable behaviors, and when they first met, she gave Helen a big hug.
Sullivan’s way of teaching is simple and straightforward. She taught Helen the word “doll” by spelling it on her hand.
When Anne taught her the word “love”, she got confused about it. She mistook it for sun and the sweetness of flower.
Mrs. Sullivan took her to the sun when teaching the word “love”.
She came to understand “think” and “love”—these two abstract words, which cannot be touched.
Some Quotes Helen Keller wrote
We can do anything we want to do if we stick to it long enough. Although the world is full of suffering, it is full also of the overcoming of it.
Keep your face to the sunshine and you will not see the shadows.
Life is either a daring adventure or nothing.
When one door of happiness closes, another opens; but often we look so long at the closed door that we do not see the one which has been opened for us.
要点提示：
overcome 克服，战胜 severe 严重的，严厉的 restriction 约束，限制
unbearable 不能忍受的 abstract 抽象的 daring 勇敢的
话题语句（3）
有用的句子-----试试你会了吗？
1. 这场极其悲伤的事件给普利尼留下了深刻的印象，他的一位叔叔在（火山）爆发中丧生。
The particularly sad _______ left a deep __________ Pliny who had lost an uncle in the eruption.
2. 对这些曾经活着的雕像，人们只能感到悲痛和深切的同情。
One can only feel _______ and deep _______ for these once-living statues.
3. 我的汽车在去沙滩的路上抛锚了。
My car ___________ on the way to the beach.
4. 李诗春的“春”代表春天。
The “Chun” part of Li Shichun _________ spring.
5. 把你的好名字看作是你可能拥有的最贵重的宝石。
________ your good name as the richest jewel you can possibly _______.
6. 在她的人生早期，她也有视力问题，因此她能够理解海伦的困难。
She had had eyesight problems early in life ______ so she could ______ Helen’s difficulties.
7. “思考”这个词对海伦来说也是一个难词，但是在做一件简单的事情时，她取得了突破性的进展。
The word “think” was also a difficult one for Helen but she had a _______ while _______ a simple task.
8. 这是海伦第一次理解这样一个复杂的词——一个她触摸不到的东西的含义。
It was the first time Helen ________ such a complex word—a word for something she couldn’t touch.
9. 我感到非常为难，在比赛时只好低头看书。
I felt _______ and had to ________ at my book during the competition.
10. 我一离开家，事情就开始不对头。
The day started to ________ ________ I left home.
参考答案：
1. event (事件)；impression（印象）on;
2. sorrow; sympathy
3. broke down
4. stands for
5. Regard; possess
6. as well; relate to（有关系、涉及、理解。如：Many adults can’t relate to children.）
7. breakthrough (突破); working on （忙于，继续工作）
8. had understood (句型“It/ This/ That is/ was the first/ second/ ...times +从句”中的从句要用完成时)
9. awkward（尴尬的）；look down
10. go wrong（不顺利，出现问题）; the instant（引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”）
写作运用
记叙文
本单元要求我们学写人物简介和生活中的事件，相当于记叙文中的记人记叙文和记事记叙文。在记叙文的写作中，要注意使用过渡词语，以避免枯燥的时间罗列。
记叙文也可以通过信件、电子邮件、板报稿件、日记等形式来考查。
1. 人物简介的写作步骤
1) Birthday and birth place 生辰和出生地
2) Family background 家庭背景
3) Education 教育背景
4) Big events in his or her life (in order of time) 生平重要事件（按时间顺序）
5) Evaluation 评价
2. 历史事件的写作
1) Background：when, where, who, what, how, why
事件背景（时间、地点、人物、发展、原因）
2) Describe the events with some details according to the time when they happened.
根据事件发生的时间顺序描述事件，添加一定的细节
3) The status of the events/ The effect of the events nowadays
事件的地位/事件的现时影响
3. 过渡词
after that 然后 and then 然后 suddenly 突然
however 然而，但是 therefore 因此
in addition 另外 what’s more 还有 guess what 猜猜看，你猜怎么着
典型语句
1. 性别与婚姻
She got married in 1980 and now she has been married for more than 30 years.
I’m 35，male and unmarried.
2. 年龄
Born in 1994, he is now an 18-year-old student, studying in a university.
He began to make a living at the age of 14/at an early age.
In his fifties, he began to feel his age.
By the age of 14, he had set up a chemistry lab of his own.
3. 外貌特征
He is a good-looking/funny-looking man，with a thick moustache but no hair left.
He is a tall man，with blue eyes and blonde hair. (deep-set eyes，big bright eyes，a long straight nose，brown curling hair，broad shoulders)
4. 身高(Height)
He is really a tall man，about 1.98 meters in height.
5. 健康状况
I’m not so strong，but (I’m) in good health.
6. 教育状况
I went to study in Beijing University in 1984 and four years later I graduated (from that university)．
We learned many courses，including...
I got my bachelor’s (master’s, doctor’s) degree in mathematics in...
7. 特长爱好
I won the first prize in the English speech contest at school last year.
He got the first place in the homepage designing contest.
In my spare time，I like reading and enjoying traveling.
8. 详细特色（用举例法）
He was very forgetful. Once he came across an old friend of his in the street and...
He had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting. I still remember my first day as a chemistry student.
写作范文
记人记叙文
Example 1
请根据以下要点，写一篇英语短文，对Nelson Mandela作简单介绍。
要点：
1．1918年7月18日生于南非的Transkei；
2．1937年上大学；
3．1944年组建非国大(ANC)“青年联盟”；
4．1962年入狱，1990年获释；
5．1993年获得诺贝尔和平奖；
6．1994年当选南非总统；
7．终生致力于世界和平事业。
注意：1.词数100左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
Nelson Mandela was born in Transkei，South Africa on July 18，1918. He entered university when he was 19 years old．In 1944 he founded ANC Youth League. He was sentenced to prison in 1962 and was set free after 27 years’ hard time in prison. Nelson Mandela won Nobel Peace Prize in 1993 and became President of South Africa the next year.
Nelson Mandela is one of the greatest people in the world and he has won wide respect from the people all over the world for his hard work. We regard him as a modern hero because he has devoted all his life to promoting world peace.
Example 2
最近，李越被评为你们班的“每周之星（Star Student of the Week）”。请你根据她的事迹 (在上周六下午，不顾天气炎热，为班级选购歌咏比赛服装)，用英语为班级板报写一篇短文。短文应包括下列要点：
1. 李越的事迹及其对同学的影响（被李越的事迹鼓励，竭尽全力，赢得了一等奖）；
2. 你的评论（她关心集体，常帮助别人）。
词数：100左右
参考词汇：singing contest 歌咏比赛 costume 服装
参考范文：
Star Student of the Week
Li Yue has been awarded the title of “Star Student of the Week” for what she did for our class. On the hot afternoon of last Saturday, Li Yue went downtown and walked from one store to another, looking for the costumes we would wear in the singing contest regardless of (不管) the hot weather. While the rest of us were enjoying our leisure time in cool and comfortable rooms, she took great pains to search, select and manage to find the right clothes. Deeply moved by her efforts, we tried our best and won the first prize in the contest.
Apart from being warm-hearted and caring a lot about the class, Li Yue often devotes her spare time to helping others. She has set a good example to us. Therefore, she deserves the honor and we should learn from her.
记事记叙文
Example 1
假设你是图中的男孩。请根据以下图画提供情节线索，以Sharing Housework为题，用英文叙述你帮妈妈做家务的经过及感想。
词数：100左右。
参考范文：
One day when I was about to play football, I saw Mother taking a lot of dirty clothes to wash and a bucket to carry water. Having put the clothes and water into the basin, Mother went shopping. I thought Mother was very tired, so I decided to help her wash clothes. While I was doing the washing, Li Ming came and asked me to play football with him. I refused him and told him that I would help Mother finish the housework first. When I got the housework done, I was so tired that I was sweating all over. When Mother came back home, she found I had washed all the dirty clothes and said that I was a good child. I felt very happy.
Example 2
假设你是李华，上周你们班组织了一次感谢恩师的活动。请根据下面图示，为学校网站写一篇英文稿件，叙述这次活动从准备到结束的完整过程。
注意：词数不少于60
参考范文：
Last week our class organized an activity to thank our teachers before graduation. On Thursday we had a class meeting to discuss what to do. We came up with many good ideas. Then we decided to send them gifts and do some good deeds.
The next day we carried out our plan. Some of us cleaned the teachers’ office and decorated it with potted flowers, making it more comfortable for the teachers to work in. Others helped wash the cars or bikes. Still others gave well-prepared gifts to the teachers, who were very pleased and expressed their best wishes to us.
We all felt happy that we had done something for our teachers.
巩固练习
一、单项选择
1. The government placed ________ on the numbers of foreign cars that could be imported.
A．limitations B．assumption C．requirements D．restrictions
2. —Why are you so late?
—I was on the way to school when it ______ to me that I had left my notebook home, so I had to fetch it.
A．occurred B．hit C．happened D．reminded
3. The professor ______ at the meeting will give us a lecture next week.
A．referred B．referred to C．referring D．referring to
4. This is the first time we ______ a film in the cinema together as a family.
A．see B．had seen C．saw D．have seen
5. —Were you busy last weekend?
—Very. Rather than ____ time playing cards as usual, I devoted every effort to ____ an advertisement.
A. wasting; making B. waste; make C. to waste; make D. a waste of; making
6. This special school accepts all disabled students, ______ their educational level and background.
A. according to B. regardless of C. in addition to D. in terms of
7. —When did he leave the classroom?
—He left ______ you turned back to write on the blackboard.
A．the time B．the instant C．until D．since
8. The matter ______ your fate cannot be taken for granted.
A．related for B．related to C．relate to D．to relate to
9. A university is an educational institution which ______ degrees and carries out research.
A. rewards B. awards C. grants D. presents
10. Some of the old _________ about the space age are coming true.
A. fantasies B. reputation C. nightmares D. impressions
11. The copper mirror has been well ______ though it has a history of more than 500 years.
A. preserved B. treated C. prevented D. stayed
12. Americans are often _________ with chopsticks.
A. awkward B. awful C. aware D. automatic
13. If you meet with difficulties, you should find a way _______ them.
A. to get rid B. overcoming C. getting rid of D. to overcome
14. The letters _________ well against the dark background.
A. stood by B. stood for C. stoop up D. stood out
15. This magazine is very _______ with young people, who like its content and style.
A. familiar B. popular C. similar D. particular
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～20各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
Susan was a shy but clever girl. She couldn’t see too well and had worn glasses for many years. Some of her classmates began to __1__ at her big glasses. Lewis started calling her “Four Eyes”．She acted like she didn’t mind，but in fact Susan couldn’t __2__ it.
One day，the class went to visit some famous caves，when Lewis put his foot in a hole and slipped. While __3__，he grabbed onto Susan，who was walking next to him，and both fell down the hole and landed in a very big __4__ cave. All that could be seen was a single ray of light coming from the cave roof，and some __5__ which had fallen through the hole. Susan and Lewis shouted for help，but no one came. He used the __6__ light to look for a way out. But after hours of __7__，he found nothing，and started feeling __8__．
It must have been __9__，when Susan noticed that the ray of light was descending from the hole in a straight line，and __10__on the floor in front of her. __11__，she took a piece of __12__ that had fallen into the cave，and ，using her __13__ as a magnifying glass，she __14__the ray of light onto the wood until a little __15__ sprang up. Now they had a torch. Lewis watched all this with surprise and __16__．He grabbed some more branches，and off they went together，to __17__ the cave.
It took them some time，and they had to __18__ quite a few torches，but finally they found a way out. He now __19__ having given her that name，__20__ seeing that it was her glasses that saved them both.
1. A. shout B．laugh C．point D．glance
2. A. stand B．understand C．resist D．stop
3. A. passing B．walking C．crying D．falling
4. A. narrow B．empty C．dark D．cold
5. A. branches B．stones C．leaves D．fruits
6. A. natural B．strong C．artificial D．weak
7. A. waiting B．searching C．planning D．talking
8. A. annoyed B．starved C．frightened D．puzzled
9. A. noon B．supper time C．early morning D．late afternoon
10. A. shining B．reflecting C．spreading D．landing
11. A. Slowly B．Quickly C．Quietly D．Finally
12. A. rock B．grass C．wood D．paper
13. A. keys B．shoes C．glasses D．knives
14. A. collected B．focused C．placed D．poured
15. A. air B．smoke C．light D．flame
16. A. excitement B．shock C．wonder D．pride
17. A. explode B．enlarge C．explore D．dig
18. A. break B．burn C．hold D．make
19. A. preferred B．remembered C．enjoyed D．regretted
20. A. especially B．actually C．carefully D．thoroughly
三、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每一小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
The view over a valley of a tiny village with thatched (草盖的) roof cottages around a church; a drive through a narrow village street lined with thatched cottages painted pink or white; the sight over the rolling hills of a pretty collection of thatched farm building—these are still common sights in parts of England. Most people will agree that the thatched roof is an essential part of the attraction of the English countryside.
Thatching is in fact the oldest of all the building crafts practiced in the British Isles. Although thatch has always been used for cottages and farm buildings, it was once used for castles and churches, too.
Thatching is a solitary(独自的) craft, which often runs in families. The craft of thatching as it is practiced today has changed very little since the Middle Ages. Over 800 full-time thatchers are employed in England and Wales today, maintaining and renewing the old roofs as well as thatching newer houses. Many property owners choose thatch not only for its beauty but because they know it will keep them cool in summer and warm in winter.
In fact, if we look at developing countries, over half the world lives under thatch, but they all do it in different ways. People in developing countries are often unwilling to go back to traditional materials and would prefer modern buildings. However, they may lack the money to allow them to import the necessary materials. Their temporary mud huts with thatched roofs of wild grasses often only last six months. Thatch which has been done in the British way lasts from twenty to sixty years and is an effective defence against the heat.
1．Which of the following remains a unique feature of the English countryside?
A．Cottages with thatched roofs.
B．Churches with cottages around them.
C．Rolling hills with pretty farm buildings.
D．Narrow streets lined with pink or white houses.
2．What do we know about thatching as a craft?
A．It is quite different from what it used to be.
B．It is in most cases handed down among family members.
C．It is practiced on farms all over England.
D．It is a short-term activity.
3．Thatched houses are still preferred because of ______.
A．their beautiful colors
B．their easy maintenance
C．their cheap and ready-made materials
D．their style and comfort
4．People in developing countries also live under thatch because ______.
A．they like thatched houses better than other buildings
B．thatch is an effective defence against the heat
C．thatched roof houses are the cheapest
D．thatched cottages are a big tourist attraction
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在标有1～10的空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
(1)
Teachers in Mexico went on a riot (暴乱) on Wednesday. They are angry 1 changes in their jobs made by the government. Hundreds of angry teachers broke windows, set fire to offices and drew graffiti (乱画) on the walls. Thousands more citizens 2 are angry with the government joined the teachers in the streets. The state governor 3 (send) hundreds of police officers to guard the local government buildings. The police could not stop the violence, so Mayor Mario Moreno asked for government support to control the situation. He told a local TV news station, “We do not have the 4 (able) to face a mob (暴民) of 4,000 people ___5___more.”
The teachers are angry that the changes would take power away from 6 unions. Mexico’s government wants more control over the quality of teachers and who becomes ___7___teacher. Teaching unions currently assess the quality of education in schools. The government wants to do this instead, to make sure all schools have similar standards. They try to have teachers pass tests 8 (get) jobs or get promoted (晋升). The government also wants to end the policy of buying and selling teaching jobs. Some teachers in Mexico give their position to a 9 (relate) when they retire or quit. The biggest teaching unions are worried 10 many teachers will lose their jobs. They also fear that the government wants to control every school.
(2)
When did people begin to eat eggs? It is said that people have been eating eggs 1 about six million years ago. By 7,000 BC, people in China and India were keeping chickens and eating their eggs, so they didn’t have to go 2 (hunt) for wild bird eggs anymore.
All through the Middle Ages, chickens only laid eggs for part of the year, 3 (main) in the spring. In this season, there was plenty 4 daylight but it wasn’t too hot. That’s why the westerners have Easter eggs (复活节彩蛋) to celebrate the return of eggs in the spring.
5 earliest way to eat eggs was raw. When people began to use fire, about a million years ago, they often 6 (roast) eggs in the coals. With the 7 (invent) of pottery (陶器), about 5,000 BC, boiling eggs gradually became more common. In ancient Rome, hard-boiled eggs were so common as an appetizer (开胃品) 8 was served at the beginning of the meal. People also began to use eggs in bread, cakes and so on.
Without refrigeration, eggs would keep for only a few days 9 people had to eat them. To make 10 keep longer, people would often pickle (腌渍) eggs in salt water and vinegar.
五、书面表达
请根据下面内容写一篇报道，词数120左右。
高中生李华是个乐于助人、勤奋学习的好学生。五月的一个星期天，他去访友，路遇一位妇女因车祸受伤，躺在路旁，腿上流血不止。他立刻对她施行了急救，止住了血，并打电话叫来救护车，将她送往医院。他还设法和她家人取得联系，不久她的家人赶到了医院，而李华未等他们向他表示感谢就离开了。
答案与解析
一、单项选择
1. D。restriction“(可数名词)限制性规定(与on搭配)”；limitation“局限性，不足之处，不利 之处”，与to搭配。assumption 假设；requirement 要求。句意：国家对进口的外国车的数量有限制性规定。
2. A。it occurred to sb. that... 意为“某人突然想起某事”。
3. B。refer to 与 the professor 之间是被动关系，因此应用过去分词短语作后置定语。
4. D。This is the first time...“这是第一次……”，因为句型中主句是现在时，从句用现在完成时态。
5. A。考查短语devote oneself to doing something的用法，以及短语rather than（而不是）要求句子前后保持一致，所以应选A。
6. B。考查介词短语用法。according to 根据；regardless of 不管，不顾；in addition to 除了……之外；in terms of 就……而言。句意：这所特殊学校接收所有的残疾学生,不管他们的教育水平和背景。
7. B。the instant用作连词，意为“一……就……”，相当于as soon as。同样，the minute，the moment等也可用作连词，表示“一……就……”的意思。
8. B。句意：和你命运相关的事情可不能想当然。relate to 意为“把……联系起来”，“事情”是被人联系到另一事物上的，因为句中已经有谓语动词cannot be taken，所以用过去分词related to...作后置定语。
9. B。句意：大学是授予学位和进行研究的教育机构。award sb. sth.授予某人某物，符合语境。reward sb. with sth. 以某物酬谢某人；grant同意（给予），答应（请求）；present sb. with sth.赠送某人某物。
10. A。句意：一些有关太空时代的古老幻想正在变成现实。fantasy 幻想，尤其指脱离现实的空想；reputation 名声；nightmare 噩梦；impression 印象。
11. A。句意：虽然这面铜镜有500多年的历史了，但是它得到了很好的保护。preserve 保护，保存；treat 治疗，对待；prevent 阻止；stay 保持，停留。
12. A。美国人用筷子一般是很笨拙的，所以选awkward，意为“动作难看的，笨拙的”；awful 恶劣的，令人敬畏的；aware 意识到的；automatic 自动的。
13. D。句意：如果你遇到困难，应该想办法去克服它们。a way to do sth. 表示“要做某事的方法”，用不定式作定语，表示“要做……”。get rid of 摆脱，除去。
14. D。句意：在黑色背景下，这些字母显得尤为突出。stand by 支持；stand for 代表；stand up 起立；stand out 突出。
15. B。句意：这本杂志非常受年轻人的欢迎，他们喜欢它的内容和风格。be popular with 受……的欢迎。
二、完形填空
本文是一篇记叙文。聪明而腼腆的Susan因为戴眼镜而受到同学的嘲笑。但在一次班级出游中，嘲笑她的同学Lewis和Susan一同掉进了一个漆黑的洞穴中，是Susan用自己的眼镜聚集太阳光点燃了洞里的枯树枝两人才得以走出洞穴。
1. B。从后一句“Lewis started calling her‘Four Eyes’”可知，同学们开始嘲笑Susan戴眼镜。laugh at“嘲笑”。
2. A。根据前句和转折词可知，Susan表面不在乎别人的嘲笑，但事实上难以忍受。stand“容忍，忍受”，符合语境。
3. D。Lewis在滑倒的时候抓住了走在他旁边的Susan。由语境可知D项正确。
4. C。从下句只能看到从洞顶射进来的一束光和后文两人用火把照明可知，山洞里非常黑。
5. A。从后文Susan用树枝做火把可知，有些树枝掉到了洞中。
6. D。从前文可知，只有一缕阳光照进洞里，由此可知光线很微弱。
7. B。Lewis试图借着光亮寻找出去的路，但是经过几个小时的寻找，并没有找到出口。
8. C。经过几个小时的寻找仍未找到出口，他开始感到害怕。
9. A。阳光直射在洞中，由此判断此时已经是中午了。
10.D。从时间到了中午这一细节可知，阳光从洞口射入，落在地面上。land“落下，掉下”，符合语境。
11. B。Susan很快拿起了一块掉在山洞里的木头。故B项正确，其他三项均不符合语境。
12. C。后文有提示，Susan用树枝做成了火把，因此此处指“木头”。
13. C。从本文最后一句可知，正是Susan的眼镜救了两人的命，因此此处指她将眼镜用作放大镜来点燃木头。
14. B。由语境可知，此处指她用眼镜把阳光聚集在木头上。focus“集中(光束于)”，符合语境。
15. D。在阳光的照射下，木头点燃了，出现了小火苗。
16. A。看到眼前发生的一切，Lewis感到既吃惊又兴奋，因为两人可以借助火把找到洞穴的出口了。
17. C。他又捡了一些树枝，他们一起去探索洞穴。
18. B。两人花费了很长时间，烧掉了好几根火把，但是最终他们找到了出口。
19. D。Susan的眼镜救了两人的命，因此Lewis后悔当初给Susan起那个外号。regret doing sth.“后悔做了某事”。
20. A。尤其是当他看到正是她的眼镜救了两人的命时。especially意为“尤其”，加重语气，符合语境。
三、阅读理解
1. A。事实细节题。根据第一段最后一行Most people will agree that the thatched roof is an essential part of the attraction of the English countryside.和第三段中Over 800 full-time thatchers are employed in England and Wales today, maintaining and renewing the old roofs as well as thatching newer houses.可知草顶屋至今仍是英国乡村一道独特的风景。
2. B。推理判断题。从第三段的Thatching is a solitary(独自的) craft, which often runs in families. The craft of thatching as it is practiced today has changed very little since the Middle Ages.可推断该手艺是家传的。
3. D。事实细节题。从第三段中的Many property owners choose thatch not only for its beauty but because they know it will keep them cool in summer and warm in winter.可知，英国人喜欢草顶屋是因为它既美观又舒适。
4. C。事实细节题。从第四段中得知发展中国家的人们选择草顶屋是因为没钱选择更好的建筑材料。
四、语法填空
(1) 墨西哥的一些教师因不满政府的政策而发动暴乱。
1. at/about。be angry at/about…意为”对……生气”。
2. who。此处用who引导一个定语从句，修饰前面的先行词citizens。
3. sent。此处用所给动词的一般过去时表示发生在过去的事情。
4. ability。此处需用所给单词的名词形式，在句中作宾语，表示”能力”。
5. or。此处是一个否定句，用or more表示”或者更多”。
6. their。此处用代词their代指前面的teachers’，修饰后面的unions。
7. a。此处填不定冠词表一类人。
8. to get。此处填动词不定式表目的。
9. relative。此处填名词，表示”亲属”。
10. that。此处用连词that引导一个宾语从句。
(2) 人类吃鸡蛋的历史源远流长，不同时代的人有不同的吃法。
1. since。根据句子时态及逻辑含义可知，此处需要填连词since，表示”自从”。
2. hunting。此处需要填动名词，go hunting意为”去打猎”。
3. mainly。此处需要填副词mainly，表示”主要地”。]
4. of。此处需要填介词of与plenty搭配，plenty of表示”充足的，大量的”。
5. The。根据后面形容词的最高级形式可知，此处应填定冠词。
6. roasted。根据句子语法可知，此处需要填谓语动词。由于动作发生在过去，故填roasted。
7. invention。此处需要填提示词的名词形式invention。
8. which/that。which/that引导限制性定语从句。
9. before。根据句子逻辑含义可知，此处需要填连词before，表示”在……之前”。
10. them。此处需要填代词them，指代eggs。
五、书面表达
Li Hua, a senior high school student, studies very hard and is always ready to help others. One Sunday in May, on his way to visit his friend, he saw a woman lying on the ground. She was injured in a car accident and one of her legs was bleeding badly. Without any hesitation he gave her first aid and stopped the bleeding. Then he called an ambulance to take her to a nearby hospital and managed to get in touch with her family. Soon her husband and her son came and wanted to thank Li Hua, but he left before they could show their thanks to him.