北师大版高中英语模块6 Unit 18 Beauty 语言点2

Unit 18 Beauty 语言点（2）
学习目标
重点词汇
vain// abrupt, disturbing, steady, convey, affection, treat, trap, manner,
strike, recommend, admit, ruin// innocent
重点短语
look around/ round, out of sight, in charge of, hang on, be keen on
重点句型
独立主格结构
must have done
知识讲解
重点词汇
vain// abrupt
【原句回放】Zhou Jielun’s music is rather vain, abrupt and disturbing. 周杰伦的音乐内容相当空虚，语言支离破碎,让人听了心烦意乱。
【点拨1】vain adj. 无价值的，无实际意义的；徒劳的，枉然的；自负的，炫耀的
常用搭配：in vain 徒劳，枉然
a vain attempt/ hope/ effort 徒劳的尝试/希望/努力
I was annoyed with his vain talk.
他的空谈使我很生气。
Few people like to talk with her because she is vain.
很少有人喜欢和她交谈，因为她很自负。
He tried in vain to catch the butterfly on the flower.
他试图抓住停在花上的蝴蝶，结果白费力气。
Joe made funny faces in a vain attempt to cheer her up.
乔做鬼脸想让她高兴，但却徒劳无功。
【点拨2】abrupt adj. 突然的，出奇不意的
常用搭配：an abrupt turn 急转弯 an abrupt act 唐突的举动
The train came to an abrupt stop, making many passengers fall off their seats.
火车突然刹车，使许多乘客从座位上跌下来。
When I asked her about her new job, she was quite abrupt with me.
当我询问她的新工作时，她对我态度非常粗鲁。
【拓展】abruptly adv. 突然地，意外地
abruptness n. 粗鲁，莽撞
disturbing
【原句回放】Zhou Jielun’s music is rather vain, abrupt and disturbing. 周杰伦的音乐内容相当空虚，语言支离破碎,让人听了心烦意乱。
【点拨】disturbing adj. 令人不安的；使人烦恼的 （表示事物的性质）
It is very disturbing that I heard of your illness.
听说你的病情后，我很不安。
He brought us a disturbing piece of news.
他给我们带来了一条令人烦恼的消息。
【拓展1】disturbed adj. 被扰乱的，不安的（表示人的感觉）
His long speech was so disturbing that we felt deeply disturbed.
他的长篇大论非常烦人，我们感到烦躁不安。
【拓展2】disturb v. 扰乱，使不安，弄乱
Please avoid disturbing me during the day.
白天请不要打扰我。
The mother opened the door quietly so as not to disturb the sleeping baby.
妈妈轻轻地打开门，以免打扰了睡着的婴儿。
steady
【原句回放】I like the traditional instruments and the steady beat. 我喜欢传统乐器和稳定的节拍。
【点拨】steady adj. 稳步的，匀速的，持续的，稳固的
We are making slow but steady progress.
我们虽然缓慢但是在稳步前进。
He held the boat steady as she got in.
他把船稳住，让她上了船。
【拓展】steadily adv. 平稳地；持续地
convey
【原句回放】It conveys the poet’s affection for a peaceful night. 它表达了诗人对宁静和平的夜晚的喜爱。
【点拨】convey vt. 传达，表达；运送，输送，运输
Please convey my thanks to your mother.
请向你妈妈转达我的谢意。
This passage conveys the writer’s idea clearly.
这段话清楚地表达了作者的想法。
A bus conveys passengers from the train to the boat.
一辆公共汽车把旅客从火车站送到码头。
【拓展】conveyance n．运送，运输；传达
conveyor n．运送者，传送者
affection
【原句回放】It conveys the poet’s affection for a peaceful night. 它表达了诗人对宁静和平的夜晚的喜爱。
【点拨】affection n. 喜爱，钟爱，感情
常用搭配：have affection for 喜爱，钟爱
He shows much affection for animals.
他非常喜欢动物。
Her affection for him is deeply rooted.
她对他的爱很深。
I have affection for my hometown.
我热爱我的家乡。
Every mother has affection for her children.
每个母亲都爱她的孩子。
treat
【原句回放】Her sisters，Felicie and Adelaide，are nasty and treat Beauty as a servant. 她的姐妹们费利西和阿德莱德非常险恶，而且把美女当仆人对待。
【点拨】treat vt. 对待，处理；医疗，治疗；款待，请客
n. 款待
常用搭配：treat ... as 把……看作
treat sb. to sth. 用……款待某人
treat sb. for sth. 因某病给某人治疗
We treated him as a friend. 我们对他以朋友相待。
Don’t treat me like a child. 不要把我当小孩看待。
He treated his friends to some beer /the opera.
他请朋友们喝了些啤酒/ 去听歌剧。
Which doctor is treating you for this trouble? 哪位医生给你治病？
This meal is my treat, so put your money away. 这顿饭我请客，你把钱收起来吧。
【拓展】treatment n. 待遇, 对待, 处理, 治疗
trap
【原句回放】Beauty offers to replace her father and be trapped in the castle. 美女主动提出代替她的父亲，而被囚禁在城堡里。
【点拨】trap vt. 诱捕，设圈套，使陷入困境
n. 陷阱，困境
常用搭配：
trap sb./ sth. in ... 用……捕捉，使困于……（被动结构：be trapped in...）
trap sb. into (doing) sth. 使某人陷入圈套，使中计
Don’t worry. I won’t try to trap you with tricky questions.
不要怕，我不会给你们出偏题、怪题。
Thirty miners are still trapped in the mine following yesterday’s explosion.
自昨天爆炸以来，仍有30名矿工被困于井下。
By clever questioning they trapped him into making a confession.
他们通过巧妙的提问诱使他招认了。
manner
【原句回放】The film deals with the theme of appearances in a very interesting and clever manner. 电影用一种很有趣而且聪明的方法来处理人物的外貌这一主题。
【点拨】manner n. ［C］方式，方法；［U］态度，样子，举止
常用搭配：in this manner 用这种方式
in a ... manner 用……方式
He was walking in a strange manner because he was drunk.
他走路的样子很怪，因为他喝醉了。
She has a very pleasant manner.
她举止非常和蔼可亲。
【拓展】manners n. 礼貌，规矩；风俗，习惯
It is bad manners to interrupt.
打断别人说话是不礼貌的。
It is interesting to learn the manners and customs of other countries.
学习其他国家的风俗习惯是很有趣的。
strike
【原句回放】Although it is in black and white, the striking use of light makes it seem at times like a moving painting. 尽管电影是黑白的，但是引人注目的灯光效果使电影不时地看起来像移动的油画。
【点拨】striking adj. 引人注目的，突出的
There is a striking difference between Jane and Mary.
简和玛丽之间有显著的差异。
She is a very striking young woman.
她是一位非常引人注目的年轻女子。
【拓展】strike v. 打，敲击；罢工；打动（某人）的心；突然想到（主意、构想等）；（灾害、疾病等）突然袭击;（时钟）敲报（时间）
The stone struck me on the side of the head.
石子打中了我头部的侧面。
They struck for better working conditions.
他们为争取改善工作条件而罢工。
It suddenly struck me how we could improve the situation.
我突然想到一个改善状况的主意。
recommend
【原句回放】I recommend it for the whole family. 我建议一家人一起看这部电影。
【点拨】recommend vt. 推荐，介绍
注意：recommend所接宾语从句，其过去分词所构成的“It is/was recommended that...”结构中的从句谓语都用“(should) +动词原形”形式。
常用搭配：
recommend sb. sth. 向某人推荐某物
recommend doing sth. 建议/劝告做某事
recommend sb. to do sth. 劝告某人做某事
recommend sb. as... 推荐某人当……
My teacher recommended me a book on English study.
老师向我推荐了一本关于英语学习的书。
Can you recommend an engineer who can take up the job?
你能向我介绍一位可以承担这项工作的工程师？
I recommend writing your feelings down on paper.
我建议你把你的情感写在纸上。
I strongly recommend that you (should) not disclose your password to anyone.
我强烈建议您不要向任何人公开您的密码。
【拓展】recommendation n. 推荐，介绍
admit
【原句回放】... I have to admit that her songs are easy to sing. ……我不得不承认她的歌很容易唱。
【点拨】admit vt. & vi. （过去式，过去分词 admitted; 现在分词 admitting）
1. 承认，供认
常用搭配：admit to sb. 向某人承认
admit doing/ having done sth. 承认做了某事
He will never admit his mistake. 他永远不会承认自己的错误。
George admitted having stolen the car. 乔治招认他偷了汽车。
2. 许可进入，准许进入
常用搭配：admit sb. to/into 接纳某人进入; 吸收某人参加
This ticket admits two people to the football match. 这张票可供两人入场看足球赛。
He is admitted to Nanjing University this year. 他今年被南京大学录取了。
3. 容纳, 容许
常用搭配：admit of 容许有; 有……可能; 容有……的余地
The cinema admits about 2000 people. 这座电影院大约可坐2000人。
The rules and regulations admit of no other explanation. 这些规章制度不容许有其他解释。
His illness admits of no delay. 他的病不容拖延。
The evidence cannot admit of doubt. 证据确凿, 不容置疑。
ruin// innocent
【原句回放】Ruins innocent spring. 破坏了春天的美好(景色)。
【点拨1】ruin vt. 毁坏，使失去，使破产
n. 毁灭，崩溃，覆灭；废墟，遗迹
常用搭配：in ruins 成为废墟
Several villages were ruined during the earthquake and tsunami.
整个村庄在地震和海啸中被毁了。
If you carry on like this, you will end up in prison, which will ruin your bright future.
如果你继续这样下去，你迟早会坐牢的，那会毁掉你的大好前程。
The castle has fallen into ruins.
城堡已经倒塌了，成了一片废墟。
An earthquake left the whole town in ruins. 地震使整个小镇成了一片废墟。
His career is in ruins. 他的事业毁了。
【点拨2】innocent adj. 无罪的，清白的，无害的，天真的，单纯的（常与of连用）
Can you provide any evidence that he was innocent of the crime?
你能提供证据证明他没有犯这罪吗?
Do you call these innocent amusements?
你把这些叫做无害的娱乐吗?
重点短语
look around/ round
【原句回放】After looking around... 环顾四周后……
【点拨】look around/ round 四处看看，环顾四周
常用搭配：look around/ round for 到处寻找
The students looked around at each other, trying to hide their shock.
学生们左顾右盼，试图掩饰他们的惊讶。
She looked around for a salesman to wait on her.
她环顾四周，找售货员接待她。
【拓展】含look的短语
look after 照顾，照料 look ahead 向前看,着眼未来
look back 回头看;回顾 look down upon (on) 看不起,轻视
look forward to 盼望，期待 look into 朝……的里面看去;调查
look on 旁观，观望 look on ... as ... 把……看作……
look out 当心，小心，留神 look through 浏览，温习,仔细查看；透过……看
look up查寻，查阅;抬头看
out of sight
【原句回放】But I heard him shout，before he drove out of sight，“Merry Christmas to all，and to all a good night.” 但是我听到他在喊，在驶出视线之前，“所有的人圣诞快乐，所有的人晚安！”
【点拨】out of sight 看不见，在视野之外
The mother waved until the car was out of sight.
妈妈一直挥着手直到看不见汽车了。
Leave any valuables in your car out of sight.
把贵重物品留在车里看不见的地方。
【拓展】含sight的短语：
catch sight of 突然看见 lose sight of 看不见，忽视，忘记
in/within sight 看得见的 at first sight 乍看，第一眼
in charge of
【原句回放】Who is in charge of getting a catalogue of films? 谁负责找到一个电影目录？
【点拨】in charge of 负责，掌管
对比：in the charge of 在……的管理下
take charge of 负责，掌管（动词短语）
An experienced engineer is in charge of the project.
一位有经验的工程师负责这项工程。
Student nurses should not be left alone in charge of hospital wards.
不应当让见习护士单独照管医院病房。
Mr. Smith used to be in charge of the computer company, but now it’s in the charge of his younger brother. 史密斯先生过去是这家电脑公司的负责人，现在他的弟弟负责了。
She took charge of our class.
她负责管理我们这个班。
【拓展】charge v. 控诉, 收费
charge sb. with... 指控某人有……罪
charge sb. money for sth. 向某人要价（多少）卖某物
free of charge 免费
hang on
【原句回放】Hang on a second. 稍等一会儿，别挂断（电话）。
【点拨】hang on 坚持，紧紧抓住；别挂电话；等一下
常用搭配：hang on a minute/ second 等一下
Hang on to that rope and don’t let go.
抓紧那根绳子，不要松手。
Hang on a minute. I’m nearly ready.
稍等片刻，我这就好了。
【拓展】hang up挂断电话 hang around 闲逛
Please hang up and dial again.
请挂机后重拨。?
I hung around for about an hour and then left there.
我闲逛了大约一小时，然后离开那里。
be keen on
【原句回放】Personally, I’m not that keen on... 就我个人而言，我不十分热衷……
【点拨】be keen on 热衷，渴望做某事，对……有兴趣
Nowadays many young people are dead keen on pop music.
如今许多青年酷爱流行音乐。
He is keen on going abroad.
他渴望出国。
【拓展】keen adj. 锋利的，敏锐的，敏捷的；热心的，渴望的
A keen north wind was blowing.
刮着刺骨的北风。
He has a keen brain.
他头脑敏锐。
重点句型
独立主格结构
【原句回放】Head bent，in homesickness I am drowned. 低头思故乡。
【点拨】独立主格结构
作用：
当非谓语动词，如现在分词或过去分词作状语，且其逻辑主语不是句子的主语时，要用独立主格结构。
句型：
1. 名（代）词+非谓语动词
2. 名（代）词+形容词/副词/介词短语/名词等（相当于省略了being）
注意：
1. 代词要用主格。
2. there be结构的独立主格结构是：there being＋名词
3.“名词+介词+名词”经常省略名词前的冠词、物主代词等。
Weather permitting，we are going to visit you tomorrow.
如果天气允许的话，我们明天去看你。
The test finished，we began our holiday.
考试结束了，我们开始了我们的假期。
He came into the room，his nose red with cold.
他进了房间，鼻子冻得通红。
The exam to be held tomorrow，I can’t go to the cinema tonight.
考试明天举行，今晚我不能去看电影了。
Two hundred people died in the accident，many of them children.
两百人死于事故，其中有许多儿童。
must have done
【原句回放】He used to be quite rich but something must have happened to him，probably problems with drink. 他过去非常富有，但是他一定发生了什么事，可能是喝酒的问题。
【点拨】must have done 一定做过……（表示对过去情况的肯定推测）
You must have been mad to speak to that man. 你和那个人说话，一定是发疯了。
The ground is wet. It must have rained last night. 地面都湿了，昨天晚上一定下过雨了。
对比：
He must be Mr. White. 他一定是怀特先生。（must be 对现在事情的推测）
He must be staying with his mother.
他现在一定正和他母亲在一起。（对正在发生的事情的推测）
【拓展】其他表示推测的“情态动词+have done”
1. can’t/couldn’t have done不可能做过某事（表示对过去事情的否定推测）
2. Can ... have done...? 可能做过……吗？（疑问句中，表示对过去行为的怀疑）
3. may/might have done可能做过某事 （表示对发生过的事情的推测，用于肯定句和否定句）
Mary can’t have stolen your money. She has gone home. 玛丽不可能偷你的钱，她回家去了。
There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out? 屋里没有灯，他们可能出去了吗？
—What has happened to George? 乔治发生了什么事？
—I don’t know. He may have got lost. 我不知道，他可能迷路了。
She might have achieved greater progress, if you had given her more chances.
如果你多给她点机会，她可能已经取得更大的成绩。
巩固练习
一、单词填空
根据句意及所给汉语提示或首字母用本课单词的正确形式完成句子。
1．It’s strongly ___________ (推荐) that the machine should be checked every day.
2. The headmaster is ________ (对待) with great respect.
3. In a sense, I was greatly _______ (打动) by the beauty of the city.
4. She walked in a leisurely ________ (方式) looking in all the windows.
5. Not like my heart, beating inside me, my voice was ________ (平稳) and cool.
6. He was unwilling to mention the________ (令人烦恼的) experience which hurt him a lot.
7. A ________ (自负的) person is one who has too high an opinion of himself.
8. To everyone’s surprise, the meeting came to an _______ (出其不意的) end after only several minutes’ discussion.
9. I feel great love for her, but she never shows any _______ (爱慕) towards me.
10. From the look on Joe’s face it was _________ (明显的）that the news came as a complete shock.
二、选词填空
to be honest, keen on, look around, out of sight, in charge of
hang on, (be) trapped in, treat...as
1. He wasn’t ____________ buying a car，but we talked him into it.
2. _____________, I don’t like him very much.
3. Mr. Smith is not here．Just __________ a while．I’ll get him for you．
4. ________ the forest for two days，they were desperate for help.
5. We had better ________ it ________a joke. How can we believe a man like him?
6. The big man’s car was ________ of the neighbors, and everyone relaxed.
7. ________ for a while, the murderer threw his knife into the dustbin.
8. He was left _________ the shop while the manager was away.
三、单项选择
1. It is ________ to enter the teacher’s office without permission.
A．manner B．a manner C．manners D．bad manners
2. I tried, but, ________, to persuade my father to change his mind. He was too stubborn.
A．at ease B．in trouble C．on purpose D．in vain
3. —Can I help you, sir?
—I’d like a room with a bath. How much do you ________？
A．offer B．afford C．charge D．spare
4. Come down, quickly! The chair is not ________enough to stand on.
A．shabby B．steady C．swift D．smooth
5. I tried to ________ in my speech that we were all grateful for his help.
A．speak B．tell C．describe D．convey
6. They stayed up very late last night. Now they are still asleep. Don’t ________ them.
A．break B．disturb C．knock D．say
7. It’s said that an ________worker is ________ the project.
A．experience; in charge of B．experiencing; in the charge of
C．experienced; in charge of D．skilled; in the charge of
8．It is not easy to learn English well, but if you ________， you will succeed in the end.
A．hang up B．hang about C．hang on D．hang onto
9. Even though they are much younger, we ________ them ________ equals.
A．treat; as B．treat; to be C．consider; being D．consider; like
10．It was extremely dark in the passage so he ________ a match.
A．burnt B．hit C．crashed D．struck
11．To qualify yourself for this kind of new job, I recommend that you ________ some online courses.
A．to take B．taking C．take D．would take
12. It was abnormal for him to make such an ________ decision to go to Canada，as he had never mentioned it before.
A．ugly B．emotional C．abrupt D．angry
13. In the recent coal mine accident，only 24 miners were rescued，and 29 were left ________ underground.
A．to be trapped B．trapped C．being trapped D．trapping
14. He was lucky to _______ to Beijing University, where many top students in China are studying.
A. permit B. be permitted C. admit D. be admitted
15. Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures，some __________ a life span of around 20 years.
A．having B．had C．have D．to have
16. A research found that pigs seek ________and easily become depressed if left alone or prevented from playing with each other.
A. movements B. invitation C. affection D. actions
17. —Show me your permit，please.
—Oh，it’s not in my pocket. It________ out of my pocket.
A．might fall B．could fall C．should have fallen D．must have fallen
18. After the earthquake, we can see the _________ of the village.
A. ruin B. ruins C. damage D. destroy
19. Although she has two daughters of her own, she sometimes has the sweetness and ______ of a child.
A. innocent B. innocence C. pure D. quickness
20. When I was a boy, children always objected to wearing school uniform but teachers were _______ on it because they said all of us looked alike.
A. warm B. eager C. keen D. interested
答案与解析：
一、单词填空
1. recommended 2. treated 3. struck 4. manner 5. steady
6. disturbing 7. vain 8. abrupt 9. affection 10. evident
二、选词填空
1. keen on 2. To be honest 3. hang on 4. Trapped in
5. treat; as 6. out of sight 7. Looking around 8. in charge of
三、单项选择
1. D。句意：未经允许就进入老师的办公室是不礼貌的。作“礼貌”讲时应用manners, bad manners 指没有礼貌。
2. D。考查固定短语。根据“他太固执了”可知，“我”没有说服自己的父亲，因此用in vain, 表示“徒劳”。at ease “轻松自如”；in trouble “处于困境中”；on purpose “故意地，有意地”。
3. C。考查动词辨析。句意：“先生，您有什么需要吗？”“我需要一个带浴室的房间，多少钱？”charge意为“要价，收费”，符合语意。
4. B。句意：赶快下来，这把椅子不够平稳，你不能站在上面。steady“平稳的，稳定的”，符合题意。shabby“低劣的；肮脏破烂的”；swift“快速的”；smooth“光滑的”。
5. D。句意：在发言中我试图表达我们对他的感激之情。convey表示“传达，表达”。
6. B。句意：他们昨晚睡得很晚，现在仍在睡觉，不要打搅他们。disturb “打搅”，符合题意。
7. C。句意：据说，一位有经验的工人主管那项工程。in charge of“负责，主管”，主语往往是人；in the charge of“由……负责，由……主管”，主语往往是物。experienced“有经验的”；skilled 熟练的。
8. C。hang on “坚持”；hang about “闲逛”；hang up“挂断电话”；hang onto “保留，保存”。句意：学好英语不容易，但是只要你坚持不懈，最后会成功的。
9. A。句意：尽管他们非常年轻，我们对他们一视同仁。treat...as...“把……当作……”；consider ...to be/as ...“认为……是……”。
10. D。考查动词辨析。句意：走廊里特别黑，因此他划了一根火柴。burn “烧，烧焦”；hit“打，击打”；crash “碰撞，(商业公司，政府等)破产，垮台”；strike “打，撞击，冲击，罢工，划燃”。
11. C。recommend 后面的宾语从句中，谓语应用(should) do 的形式，所以答案为C项。
12. C。考查形容词辨析。句意为：“他突然做出去加拿大的决定不正常，因为他此前从来没有提起过。”ugly丑陋的；emotional感情的；abrupt突然的；angry生气的。
13. B。句意：在最近一次煤矿事故中，只有24位矿工得救了，还有29位被困在地下。空白处要用过去分词形式trapped作补足语，与主语是被动关系，意为“被困在……中”。
14. D。句意:他很幸运地被北京大学录取了,在中国有许多优秀的学生在那里学习。admit sb. to sp. 结构的被动式为sb. be admitted to sp.。
15. A。独立主格结构some having a life...作状语，having的逻辑主语是前面的some。D项时态有误。
16. C。“被单独留下或不能一起玩情绪易低落（depressed）”所涉及到的是情感方面的问题，所以空白处选C，affection表示“情感、喜爱”。movement 运动，活动；action 行动，功能；invitation 邀请，请柬。
17. D。由题意可知“许可证一定是从口袋里掉了出去”。表示已经发生的事情，用“情态动词＋have done”，因此排除A、B两项；should have done 表示“本应该做而实际上未做”，不符合语境；must have done 表示“一定做了……”符合语境，故选D。
18. B。句意：地震后我们可以看到村庄的废墟。ruin作“废墟”讲时，要用复数形式；damage和destroy意为“破坏”，是动词。
19. B。句意：虽然她已经有了两个女儿，但她本人有时也会像个孩子一样的天真无邪。innocence为名词，意为“天真、单纯”。
20. C。be keen on 是固定搭配，意为“喜爱，对……有兴趣”。根据句意和句中的but表明要填的词与前面的object to（反对）意思相反的词，所以选C。其他选项不能与on搭配。warm 温暖的；eager (for) 渴望的；interested (in) （对……）感兴趣的。