2020届高三英语精准培优专练四：时态与语态（原卷版）
一、真题在线
I.单项填空
1.【2019年天津卷】8.Amy, as well as her brothers, ____________ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.
A. is given B. are given C. was given D. were given
2.【2019天津卷】2.I __________ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage，but I couldn't manage it.
A. had hoped B. am hoping C. have hoped D. would hope
3.【2019江苏卷】33.They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals_________ by 2022 for the Beijing Winer Olympics.
A. will install B. will have been installed C. are installed D. have been installed
4.【2019江苏卷】22.The musician along with his band members ___________ ten performances in the last three months.
A. gives B. has given C. have given D. give
5. 【2019江苏卷】29.A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith ___________ in love with the people and culture there.
A. would fall B. had fallen C. has fallen D. fell
6.【2018天津卷】My washing machine ___________this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
A. was repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired
7.【2018北京卷】Susan had quit her well-paid job and _________ as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.
A. is working B. was working C. has worked D. had worked
8.【2018北京卷】China’s high-speed railways _________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.
A. are growing B. have grown C. will grow D. had grown
9.【2017北京卷】In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _______ yet.
A. haven’t invented B. haven’t been invented
C. hadn’t invented D. hadn’t been invented
10.【2017江苏卷 】 He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he ____________.
A. was being followed B. was following C. had been followed D. followed
11.【2017北京卷】 People______ better access to health care than they used to,and they’re living longer as a result.
A. will have B. have C. had D. had had
12.【2017北京卷】—______ that company to see how they think of our product yesterday?
—Yes. They are happy with it.
A. Did you call B. Have you called C. Will you call D. Were you calling
13.【2016北京卷】Jack ___________ in the lab when the power cut occurred.
A. works B. has worked C. was working D. would work
14.【2016北京卷】—Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?
—The new Star Wars. We ____________ here for more than two hours.
A. waited B. wait C. would be waiting D. have been waiting
15.【2016江苏卷】Dashan, who ____________ crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.
A.will be learning B. is learning C. had been learning D. has been learning
II．语法填空
1.【2019·新课标I卷】 Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ___70___ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
2.【2019·新课标II卷】Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene ___64___(declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business.
3.【2019·新课标II卷】I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) over the years
4.【2019·新课标III卷】Our hosts shared many of their experiences and___65___(recommend)
wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
5.【2019·新课标III卷】On the last day of our week-long stay，we ___69___(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars
6.【2019北京卷】On the first day of my first grade，I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I ___1___(voice)my biggest concern to my mother.
7.【2019北京卷】Does the name of the college you attend really matter？Research on the question ___7___(suggest)that，for most students，it doesn't.
8.【2019上海卷】Jason set up a plan that in five years he ____3____ (show) his work in the top gallery in that area of the country.
9.【2019上海卷】By setting the goal, all of Jason’s efforts ____5____ (point) in the same direction.
10.【2018全国卷II】Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 61 (grow) more corn than rice.
11.【2018全国卷II】The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government 68 (start) a soil-testing program that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
12.【2018全国卷III】True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 (mean) me no real harm.
13.【2018浙江卷】I still remember visiting a friend who’d lived here for five years and I 60 (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
14.【2017全国卷Ⅰ】When fat and salt 64 (remove)from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.
15.【2017新课标卷I】Fast food ___67___ (be) full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
16. 【2017新课标卷III】Sarah says, ＂My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 (come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling.
17.【2017新课标卷II】Later, engineers ___68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube.
18. 【2016上海卷】In recent years, stress(33)______(regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness.
二、模拟演练
I.单项填空
1.【江苏省盐城中学2019届高三年级质量检测】When they first came to the city, my parents often went to neighbors for a talk, just as they ________ in the countryside.
A. will do B. had done C. have done D. were doing
2.【天津市南开中学2019届高三年级校模拟考试】She ________ to someone on the phone, so I just nodded to her and went away.
A. talked B. has talked C. had talked D. was talking
3.【江苏省南京市2019届高三模拟】— How could they misunderstand me like that?
—Just keep silent! It’s the best way to let them know they you wrong.
A. do B. did C. are doing D. had done
4.【天津市十二所重点中学2019届高三毕业班联考】The students have decided on a final date by which everyone reading the books assigned by their professor.
A. finishes B. finished C. have finished D. will have finished
5.【天津和平区2018-2019学年度第二学期高三年级第三次质量调查】She did not feel a bit nervous though it was the first time she ___________ in public.
A. spoke B. have spoken C. had spoken D. were speaking
6.【江苏省镇江2019届高三年级第一次模拟考试(二)】I felt like giving up. I probably ________， but my Dad whispered, “Come on! You can make it.”
A. would have B. would C. should D. should have
7.【江苏省镇江2019届高三年级第一次模拟考试(二)】I am a better reader this year than I was last year because I ________ to hundreds of new concepts and ideas.
A. have exposed B. had been exposed C. have been exposed D. was exposed
8.【江苏省镇江2019届高三年级第一次模拟考试(二)】An exhibition with 885 cultural relics to be displayed ________ at the Meridian Gate Gallery.
A. was held B. would hold C. has hold D. will be held
II．语法填空
1.（2019北京清华大学附中高三下第一次模拟）Since then， he ___4___ （travel） to most parts of China except Fujian， Zhejiang and Jiangxi．
2.(2019全国卷Ⅲ高考压轴卷)My eyes 7． (fill) with tears and my heart with love.
3.（安徽省蚌埠市2019届高三第三次教学质量检查）In the 7th century, kite ___6___(introduce) to neighboring countries including Korea and Japan.
4.（2019年淮北?宿州高三第二次模拟）I ___8___(fight) for it over the past decades.
5.（河北省保定市2019届高三下学期第二次模拟） Charlotte Collins, translator and co-chair of the British Translators Association, says: “As we can see, this proportion (比率) ___6___ (double) in recent years.
6.（广东省肇庆市2019届高三第一次统测）I knew that I had a natural ability with words and a power of facing unpleasant facts, and I felt that this____6____ (create)a sort of private world where I could get my own back for my failure in everyday life.
7.（河南省开封市2019届高三10月定位考试）When Bailey learned from her friend that her ring might ___6___（find），she couldn’t believe it．
8.（河北衡水中学2019届高三上学期期中）When people ___1___ (face) with health or nutrition questions, it is increasingly common to go online and diagnose themselves.
9.（安徽省江淮十校2019届高三第二次联考）For example, an 1881 advert for French cigarettes ___6___ (promise) that its product would “give immediate relief" to a list of medical conditions, including breathing problems.
10.（宁夏银川一中2019届高三第四次月考）The variety of hats in Britain ___10___ (reflect) its multicultural background and rich cultural heritage.
11.（福建省福州市2019届高三年上学期期末）The information I ____1____(collect) over the last few years leads me to believe that speed reading may be less useful than most people think.
12.（福建省厦门外国语学校2019届高三1月月考）
Today, Dujiangyan ______8______ (admire) by scientists from around the world because of one feature.
13. （河南省名校联盟2019届高三年级尖子生11月调研）He also recreated the special moments from our wedding day, with music he ____8____（select）beforehand and foods and drinks.
14.（河南省名校联盟2019届高三年级尖子生11月调研）He then ___9___（ask）me to string them all over the house on the morning of the anniversary, so that he and I could surprise his dad/my husband with all the love.
15.（江西省南昌市2020届高三上学期 摸底）In recent years several past studies ___3___( examine)whether deliberately smiling can make changes to how people feel psychologically during races, but few have looked at the physical effect on sports performance.
16.(2019四川眉山市高中级第一次诊断性考试）Here, I sincerely ___9___(apology) to everyone.
17.（湖南怀化市2019届高三第二次模拟）And up to now, 85% of the students ___9___ (join) us and enjoyed the simple but eco-friendly life.
18. （江西省南昌2019届高三第二次模拟）The word “ballet” comes from the French language, and ___1___ (be) based on the Italian word “balletto.” “Balletto” means a little dance.
19.（江西省南昌2019届高三第二次模拟）When Louis the Fourteenth died in 1715, ballet ___10___ (bring) to other parts of Europe and was developing in other ways.
20.（山东德州市高三下第一次练习）“Maybe if you are lucky, the note ___8___ (become) more valuable than just a regular tip. ”
21.(2019江西师大附中高三年级三模)Compared with the life we___1___(live) on the earth now, the future life on Mars will be totally different.
22.(安徽六校教育研究会2019届高三第二次联考)National Love Our Children Day began in America in 2004. It ___1___ (fall) on the first Saturday in April.
23.（山东省日照市2019届高三5月校际联合考试）Two weeks ___4___ (go) by before I could eat a meal with chopsticks.
24.（昆明市2019届高考模拟考试）For centuries, this simple counting device ___6___ (pass) down through different dynasties with its original design and purpose actually unchanged.
25.（吉林名校2019高三下第一次联合模拟考试）The qualities of whisky come from the water which _____4_____ (use) to make it the rich "peaty"(多泥炭的) water of Scotland.
2020届高三英语精准培优专练四：时态与语态（解析版）
一、真题在线
I.单项填空
1.【2019年天津卷】8.Amy, as well as her brothers, ____________ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.
A. is given B. are given C. was given D. were given
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：艾米和他的兄弟们当上周回到村里时，受到了热烈的欢迎。根据last week可知应用过去时，排除选项A和B。as well as连接并列主语，谓语动词就前原则。这句话真正的主语是Amy，她受到热烈欢迎，所以用过去时的被动。故选C。
2.【2019天津卷】2.I __________ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage，but I couldn't manage it.
A. had hoped B. am hoping C. have hoped D. would hope
【答案】A
【解析】考查过去完成时。句意：我本来计划在Peter结婚时送他一个礼物的，可是我没有做到。第二个分句中“couldn’t”用的是一般过去时，它之前的动作用过去完成时。故选A。
3.【2019江苏卷】33.They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals_________ by 2022 for the Beijing Winer Olympics.
A. will install B. will have been installed C. are installed D. have been installed
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：他们正努力确保在2022年北京冬奥会之前安装5G终端。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作，用将来完成时。“5G终端”和“安装”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选B。
4.【2019江苏卷】22.The musician along with his band members ___________ ten performances in the last three months.
A. gives B. has given C. have given D. give
【答案】B
【解析】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：在过去的三个月里，这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由“in the last three months”可知，这句话的时态为现在完成时，故排除AD选项。本句主语为the musician，为第三人称单数形式，句中的“along with his band members”是附加成分，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选B。
5. 【2019江苏卷】29.A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith ___________ in love with the people and culture there.
A. would fall B. had fallen C. has fallen D. fell
【答案】D
【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：他到中国几个月后，就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。发生在had arrived之后的动作或状态应用一般过去时。故选D。
6.【2018天津卷】My washing machine ___________this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
A. was repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态。句意：这周我的洗衣机正在修，所以我不得不手洗衣服。根据后句so I have to wash my clothes by hand.可知，洗衣机正在修，故用现在进行时态的被动语态。故选C。
7.【2018北京卷】Susan had quit her well-paid job and _________ as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.
A. is working B. was working C. has worked D. had worked
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态。句意：Susan已经辞去了高薪的工作。去年当我探望她的时候，她正在一个社区里做志愿者。Susan辞职发生在她当志愿者之前，had quit是过去完成时态，过去完成时态通俗的说就是“过去的过去”，且结合时间状语when I visited her last year可知，Susan做志愿者是过去的某个时间段发生的情况，故该空应用过去进行时态。B选项正确。
8.【2018北京卷】China’s high-speed railways _________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.
A. are growing B. have grown C. will grow D. had grown
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，中国的高速铁路已经从9,000公里增长到25,000公里。该句时间状语为in the past few years。中国高速铁路的增长是从过去一直到现在几年里的情况，故该句应用现在完成时态。B选项正确。
9.【2017北京卷】In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _______ yet.
A. haven’t invented B. haven’t been invented
C. hadn’t invented D. hadn’t been invented
【答案】D
【解析】句意：在美国20世纪50年代的时候，大多数的家庭家里只有一部电话，并且无线电话还根本没有发明出来。根据句意可知用被动语态，排除A和C，事情发生在过去，与现在无关，不用现在完成时，排除B，故选D，过去完成时的被动语态。
10.【2017江苏卷 】 He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he ____________.
A. was being followed B. was following C. had been followed D. followed
【答案】 A
【解析】考查宾语从句和时态。分析句子成分可知，he和follow是被动关系，即他被别人跟踪，排除B、D；根据句意“在匆忙赶回家的路上，他从未回头看是否正被跟踪”，故用过去进行时最合适，故选A。
11.【2017北京卷】 People______ better access to health care than they used to, and they’re living longer as a result.
A. will have B. have C. had D. had had
【答案】B
【解析】句意：人们有着比过去更好的医疗保健，所以他们更长寿。与过去对比是现在，所以than前一句话是用现在的时间，而且后一句用的就是现在时态，所以前面也用现在时态，故选B。
12.【2017北京卷】—______ that company to see how they think of our product yesterday?
—Yes. They are happy with it.
A. Did you call B. Have you called C. Will you call D. Were you calling
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——你昨天有没有给那家公司打电话问问他们对我们的产品感觉怎么样？——打了，他们对产品很满意。空格所在题干有一个很明显的时间状语yesterday，发生在过去，肯定用过去时，故选A。
13.【2016北京卷】Jack ___________ in the lab when the power cut occurred.
A. works B. has worked C. was working D. would work
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态。句意：突然断电时，杰克正在实验室里工作。根据occurred可知，这里指过去某时刻正在发生的事情，断电时，杰克正在工作，要用过去进行时，故选C。
14.【2016北京卷】—Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?
—The new Star Wars. We ____________ here for more than two hours.
A. waited B. wait C. would be waiting D. have been waiting
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态。句意：——打扰了，你们在等哪一部电影？——《星球大战》，我们已经在这儿等了两个多小时了。“for+时间段”与完成时连用，根据语境可知，说话的时候仍然在等，因此用现在完成进行时，故选D。
15.【2016江苏卷】Dashan, who ____________ crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.
A.will be learning B. is learning C. had been learning D. has been learning
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态。本句的时间状语是“for decades几十年来”，该时间状语通常和现在完成的有关时态连用，本句强调这几十年来大山一直努力把中国相声和西方的脱口秀相结合。所以要用现在完成进行时，强调动作的延续性和反复性。故D正确。
II．语法填空
1.【2019·新课标I卷】 Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ___70___ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
【答案】are
【解析】时态和考查主谓一致。根据three are declining，此处数词six作主语，代指前文中的“polar bear subpopulations”，故用复数谓语，一般现在时，故填are。
2.【2019·新课标II卷】Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene ___64___(declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business.
【答案】B
【解析】考查谓语动词的时态。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had 以及said 可知用一般过去时态，故填declared。
3.【2019·新课标II卷】I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) over the years
【答案】have made
【解析】考查动词的时态。根据该定语从句中的时间状语“over the years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。
4.【2019·新课标III卷】Our hosts shared many of their experiences and___65___(recommend)
wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
【答案】recommended。
【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系，时态一致。故填recommended。
5.【2019·新课标III卷】On the last day of our week-long stay，we ___69___(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars
【答案】were invited。
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。根据句意：我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会，所以用被动语态。主语为we，故填were invited。
6.【2019北京卷】On the first day of my first grade，I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I ___1___(voice)my biggest concern to my mother.
【答案】
【解析】考查时态。句意：我向妈妈表达了我最大的担忧，“我将如何交朋友？”此处的voice是动词，“表达”的意思，作谓语。叙述的是一年级的事情，用一般过去式。故填voiced。
7.【2019北京卷】Does the name of the college you attend really matter？Research on the question ___7___(suggest)that，for most students，it doesn't.
【答案】
【解析】考查时态。句意：对于这个问题的研究表明，对于大多数学生来说，它不重要。这里表示研究的客观结果，所以用一般现在时，一般过去时或现在完成时均可，故填suggests/suggested/has suggested。
8.【2019上海卷】Jason set up a plan that in five years he ____3____ (show) his work in the top gallery in that area of the country.
【答案】
【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：他给自己设定了一个目标，用五年的时间，他要让他自己的作品在全国顶尖艺术馆里被展出。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，show与he为主谓关系，故用主动语态，由于陈述过去的计划和打算，故用过去将来时，综述用would show。
9.【2019上海卷】By setting the goal, all of Jason’s efforts ____5____ (point) in the same direction.
【答案】pointed
【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：通过设定目标，他的所有努力能向着同一个方向。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，point与主语efforts为主谓关系，故用主动语态，陈述过去事情，故用一般过去时pointed。
10.【2018全国卷II】Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 61 (grow) more corn than rice.
【答案】has grown
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:自2011年以来,中国种植玉米的数量超过了水稻。根据句中时间状语Since 2011可知,此处使用现在完成时,且主语为单数,故填has grown。
11.【2018全国卷II】The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government 68 (start) a soil-testing program that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
【答案】started
【解析】考查时态。句意:中国农业部发现在2005年和2011年之间,化肥的使用减少了770万吨。2005年政府启动了土壤检测项目,它向农民推荐特定的化肥。关系副词when=in 2005,由此可知此处使用一般过去时。
12.【2018全国卷III】True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 (mean) me no real harm.
【答案】meant
【解析】考查时态。句意:大猩猩确实有不好斗的本性,那只巨大的动物并不是真的要伤害我。根据上下文可知,本空用一般过去时,故填meant。
13.【2018浙江卷】I still remember visiting a friend who’d lived here for five years and I 60 (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
【答案】was shocked
【解析】考查谓语动词的形式。本句表示"我很震惊"，所以做I 的谓语，用系表结构was shocked，表示主语"震惊的"状态．shocked是过去分词演化来的形容词。
14.【2017全国卷Ⅰ】
When fat and salt 64 (remove)from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.
【答案】are removed
【解析】考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:脂肪和盐分从食物中去除后,食物尝起来就好像缺失了什么东西。结合语境可知,状语从句中用一般现在时态,fat and salt作主语,与remove之间为被动关系,故用被动语态,谓语动词用复数。
15.【2017新课标卷I】Fast food ___67___ (be) full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
【答案】is
【解析】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：快餐食物中满是脂肪和盐。fast food的意思是“快餐”，表示一类食物，为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
16. 【2017新课标卷III】Sarah says, ＂My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 (come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling.
【答案】comes
【解析】考查动词的时态。根据语境可知Sarah认为当下应该是学业第一，说明现在的情况应该用一般现在时。
17.【2017新课标卷II】Later, engineers ___68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube.
【答案】managed
【解析】考查动词，本文全篇都是一般过去时，所以这里也应用一般过去时，故填managed.
18. 【2016上海卷】In recent years, stress(33)______(regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness.
【答案】has been regarded?
【解析】考查时态语态。本句的时间状语是in recent years最近几年以来，该时间状语通常和现在完成时连用，且句子主语stress与动词regard构成被动关系，所以使用现在完成时的被动语态形式has been regarded。
二、模拟演练
I.单项填空
1.【江苏省盐城中学2019届高三年级质量检测】When they first came to the city, my parents often went to neighbors for a talk, just as they ________ in the countryside.
A. will do B. had done C. have done D. were doing
【答案】B
【解析】考查过去完成时。句意：我父母刚来城市的时候，经常去邻居家聊天，就像他们在乡下经常做的那样。这是一个when引导的时间状语从句加just as引导的方式状语从句。方式状语从句的主句使用的时态是一般过去式（went to neighbors for a talk），从句发生的动作在主句动作之前，所以使用过去完成时。故选B。
2.【天津市南开中学2019届高三年级校模拟考试】She ________ to someone on the phone, so I just nodded to her and went away.
A. talked B. has talked C. had talked D. was talking
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态。句意：她正在和别人通电话，所以我只是向她点点头就走了。此处表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，所以用过去进行时态，故选D。
3.【江苏省南京市2019届高三模拟】— How could they misunderstand me like that?
—Just keep silent! It’s the best way to let them know they you wrong.
A. do B. did C. are doing D. had done
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：-他们怎么能那样误解我呢?- 保持沉默!这是让他们知道他们做错了你的最好方式。根据how could可知这件事情发生在过去，所以用 did you wrong来表示过去他们错怪了你。故选B。
4.【天津市十二所重点中学2019届高三毕业班联考】The students have decided on a final date by which everyone reading the books assigned by their professor.
A. finishes B. finished C. have finished D. will have finished
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态。句意：学生们决定了最后的日期，到那时每个人都将读完教授布置的书。根据“a final date by which”可知此处表示将来已经完成的动作，应该用将来完成时，故D项正确。
5.【天津和平区2018-2019学年度第二学期高三年级第三次质量调查】She did not feel a bit nervous though it was the first time she ___________ in public.
A. spoke B. have spoken C. had spoken D. were speaking
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定句式。句意：虽然这是她第一次在公共场合讲话，但她一点也不紧张。固定句式：it was the first （second…）time that 主语+过去完成时态……。故选C。
6.【江苏省镇江2019届高三年级第一次模拟考试(二)】I felt like giving up. I probably ________， but my Dad whispered, “Come on! You can make it.”
A. would have B. would C. should D. should have
【答案】A
【解析】考查过去将来时。句意：我想放弃。我可能总会放弃的，但是我爸爸小声说,“来吧!你能做到的。”本句为过去将来时。指表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或者存在的状态，上文中的谓语动词felt表明动作发生在过去，即从过去的时间推测将来会发生的动作。故选A。
7.【江苏省镇江2019届高三年级第一次模拟考试(二)】I am a better reader this year than I was last year because I ________ to hundreds of new concepts and ideas.
A. have exposed B. had been exposed C. have been exposed D. was exposed
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态。句意：今年我比去年更擅长阅读，因为我接触了数百种新的概念和想法。由上文可知“阅读”的动作发生在去年，延续到今年，并对现在产生了影响，故应为现在完成时。Expose“暴露；揭发”为瞬间性动词，此处现在完成时需改为延续性动词表示“接触”的状态，故用be exposed。综上本题最终选C。
8.【江苏省镇江2019届高三年级第一次模拟考试(二)】An exhibition with 885 cultural relics to be displayed ________ at the Meridian Gate Gallery.
A. was held B. would hold C. has hold D. will be held
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态语态。句意：午门画廊将展出885件文物。上文中的to be displayed表将来，故本句为一般将来时。且主语An exhibition与谓语动词hold构成被动关系，故用will be held。故选D。
II．语法填空
1.（2019北京清华大学附中高三下第一次模拟）Since then， he ___4___ （travel） to most parts of China except Fujian， Zhejiang and Jiangxi．
【答案】has travel（l）ed
【解析】考查动词时态。根据时间状语since then可知，此处强调过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时，用has travel（l）ed 。
2.(2019全国卷Ⅲ高考压轴卷)My eyes 7． (fill) with tears and my heart with love.
【答案】were filled
【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：我的双眼充满泪水，心里满是爱。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，fill 与eye为动宾关系，需用被动语态，陈述过去事情，故用一般过去时，were filled。
3.（安徽省蚌埠市2019届高三第三次教学质量检查）In the 7th century, kite ___6___(introduce) to neighboring countries including Korea and Japan.
【答案】was introduced
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：在七世纪，风筝被介绍到了像朝鲜和日本这样的邻国。由“In the 7th century”确定本句时态为一般过去时，kite（物体）作主语，确定语态为被动语态。同时kite是第三人称单数，故填was introduced。
4.（2019年淮北?宿州高三第二次模拟）I ___8___(fight) for it over the past decades.
【答案】have fought
【解析】考查时态。根据句中时间状语over the past decades可知，用现在完成时。句意：在过去的几十年里，我一直在为之奋斗。故填have fought。
5.（河北省保定市2019届高三下学期第二次模拟） Charlotte Collins, translator and co-chair of the British Translators Association, says: “As we can see, this proportion (比率) ___6___ (double) in recent years.
【答案】has doubled
【解析】考查时态。句意：正如我们所看到的，这一比例近年来翻了一番。根据in recent years.可知句子用现在完成时态，且主语是proportion，不可数名词，属于单数第三人称，故答案为has doubled。
6.（广东省肇庆市2019届高三第一次统测）I knew that I had a natural ability with words and a power of facing unpleasant facts, and I felt that this____6____ (create)a sort of private world where I could get my own back for my failure in everyday life.
【答案】created
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：我觉得这创造一种私人世界。在宾语从句中作谓语，根据主句时态felt和全文时态一致，用一般过去时。故填created。
7.（河南省开封市2019届高三10月定位考试）When Bailey learned from her friend that her ring might ___6___（find），she couldn’t believe it．
【答案】have been found
【解析】考查时态语态。根据句中的时态可知，这里为对过去事情的推测，故用情态动词+ have done。主语her ring与动词find为被动关系，故用被动语态。句意：当贝利从她的朋友那里知道她的戒指可能已经被找到了，她简直难以置信。故填have been found。
8.（河北衡水中学2019届高三上学期期中）When people ___1___ (face) with health or nutrition questions, it is increasingly common to go online and diagnose themselves.
【答案】are faced
【解析】考查固定搭配和动词时态。句意：当人们面对健康或营养问题时，上网和自我诊断越来越普遍。be faced with为固定搭配，表示“面对……”。本句的主语是people，谓语动词要复数；时态为一般现在时。故填are faced。
9.（安徽省江淮十校2019届高三第二次联考）For example, an 1881 advert for French cigarettes ___6___ (promise) that its product would “give immediate relief" to a list of medical conditions, including breathing problems.
【答案】promised
【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：例如，1881年的一则法国香烟广告承诺其产品将“立即缓解包括呼吸问题在内的一系列疾病。分析句子可知，句子为一般过去时，主语为1881 advert for French cigarettes，谓语为promised。故填promised 。
10.（宁夏银川一中2019届高三第四次月考）The variety of hats in Britain ___10___ (reflect) its multicultural background and rich cultural heritage.
【答案】reflects
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。本句the variety of “……的种类，品种”，后加可数名词复数，谓语动词用单数形式，故填reflects。
11.（福建省福州市2019届高三年上学期期末）The information I ____1____(collect) over the last few years leads me to believe that speed reading may be less useful than most people think.
【答案】have collected/have been collecting
【解析】考查时态。句意：从这几年我搜集的信息来看，快速阅读斌没有大多数人想的那么有用。此处强调过去的动作对现在的影响而且还有可能继续下去，应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，故填have collected/have been collecting。
12.（福建省厦门外国语学校2019届高三1月月考）
Today, Dujiangyan ______8______ (admire) by scientists from around the world because of one feature.
【答案】is admired
【解析】考查一般现在时态的被动语态。句意：今天，都江堰因为一个特点而受到世界各地科学家的钦佩。此处句子主语Dujiangyan 和admire之间是一种被动关系，结合句意应该用一般现在时态的被动语态，故答案为is admired。
13. （河南省名校联盟2019届高三年级尖子生11月调研）He also recreated the special moments from our wedding day, with music he ____8____（select）beforehand and foods and drinks.
【答案】had selected
【解析】考查时态。句意：用他事先选好的音乐、食物和饮料，他为我们的结婚纪念日重新创造出特别的时刻。根据句意可知他选择音乐之前就发生的，要用过去完成时表示过去的过去。所以要填had selected。
14.（河南省名校联盟2019届高三年级尖子生11月调研）He then ___9___（ask）me to string them all over the house on the morning of the anniversary, so that he and I could surprise his dad/my husband with all the love.
【答案】asked
【解析】考查时态。句意：在结婚纪念日之前的整个星期他都在用纸做心形图案，然后请求我把心形图案都串起来。本文叙述过去发生的事情，以一般过去时为主，所以要填asked。
15.（江西省南昌市2020届高三上学期 摸底）In recent years several past studies ___3___( examine)whether deliberately smiling can make changes to how people feel psychologically during races, but few have looked at the physical effect on sports performance.
【答案】have examined
【解析】考查时态。句意：近年来，有几项研究已经检验了刻意微笑是否能改变人们在比赛时的心理感受，但很少有研究关注身体对运动成绩的影响。根据时间状语“In recent years”可知用现在完成时，故填have examined。
16.(2019四川眉山市高中级第一次诊断性考试）Here, I sincerely ___9___(apology) to everyone.
【答案】apologize
【解析】考查动词用作谓语。句意：在这里，我真诚地向大家道歉。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，陈述现在的事情，故用一般现在时，故用apologize。
17.（湖南怀化市2019届高三第二次模拟）And up to now, 85% of the students ___9___ (join) us and enjoyed the simple but eco-friendly life.
【答案】have joined
【解析】考查现在完成时。句意：到目前为止，85%的学生已经加入我们，享受着简单而环保的生活。由“ up to now”可知，本句为现在完成时，主语为85% of the students ，所以谓语为have joined。故填have joined。
18. （江西省南昌2019届高三第二次模拟）The word “ballet” comes from the French language, and ___1___ (be) based on the Italian word “balletto.” “Balletto” means a little dance.
【答案】is
【解析】考查好时态和主谓一致。句中主语为The word “ballet”，故谓语动词用单数形式，根据前后句可知，用一般现在时。句意：“ballet”一词来源于法语，源于意大利语“balletto”。故填is。
19.（江西省南昌2019届高三第二次模拟）When Louis the Fourteenth died in 1715, ballet ___10___ (bring) to other parts of Europe and was developing in other ways.
【答案】was brought
【解析】考查语态。主语ballet与动词bring之间为被动关系，故用被动语态，根据时间状语in 1715可知用一般过去时。句意：当路易十四世于1715年去世时，芭蕾被带到欧洲其他地区，并以其他方式发展。故填was brought。
20.（山东德州市高三下第一次练习）“Maybe if you are lucky, the note ___8___ (become) more valuable than just a regular tip. ”
【答案】will become
【解析】考查时态。句意：如果你够幸运的话，这张票据可能会比普通的小费更有价值。此处是if引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时态，则主句用一般将来时态，故答案为will become。
21.(2019江西师大附中高三年级三模)Compared with the life we___1___(live) on the earth now, the future life on Mars will be totally different.
【答案】are living
【解析】考查现在进行时。句意：与我们现在地球上的生活比较，未来火星上的生活将完全不同。由“ now”可知，本句为现在进行时。故填 are living 。
22.(安徽六校教育研究会2019届高三第二次联考)National Love Our Children Day began in America in 2004. It ___1___ (fall) on the first Saturday in April.
【答案】falls
【解析】考查一般现在时。句意：它在四月份的第一个周六举行。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，主语为it,所以谓语为第三人称单数。故填falls.
23.（山东省日照市2019届高三5月校际联合考试）Two weeks ___4___ (go) by before I could eat a meal with chopsticks.
【答案】went/had gone
【解析】考查时态。句意：两个星期过去了，我才可以用筷子吃饭。结合句意可知句子用一般过去时态或过去完成时态，故答案为went/had gone。
24.（昆明市2019届高考模拟考试）For centuries, this simple counting device ___6___ (pass) down through different dynasties with its original design and purpose actually unchanged.
【答案】has been passed
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：几个世纪以来，这种简单的计数装置在不同的朝代流传下来，它最初的设计和用途实际上没有改变。根据上文For centuries可知应用现在完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故填has been passed。
25.（吉林名校2019高三下第一次联合模拟考试）The qualities of whisky come from the water which _____4_____ (use) to make it the rich "peaty"(多泥炭的) water of Scotland.
【答案】is used
【解析】考查被动语态。此处是指水被用来制作威士忌酒，且描述客观事实，主语为单数，故用一般现在时的被动语态is used。
