人教版（新课程标准）高中英语必修5复习资料

必修五Unit 1 Great Scientists
语言要点
单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）
词汇部分
词语辨析 1. character / characteristic 2. examine / check / test 3. cure / treat
4. blame / scold 5. reject / refuse
词形变化 1. scientific adj.科学的 science n.科学 scientist n.科学家 2. valuable adj.有价值的 value n. 价值 value v. 估价, 评价 3. instruct v. 教导， 命令 instruction n. 指示，用法说明 instructive adj.有益的，教育性的 4. enthusiastic adj.热心的，热情的 enthusiasm n.狂热，热心 enthusiast n.热心家，狂热者
重点单词
1. conclude v. 断定， 得出结论; 结束（正式）；
2. attend v. vt. 出席, 参加, 照顾, 护理, 注意 vi.专心, 留意
3. expose vt. 使暴露, 受到, 使曝光 v揭露
4. absorb vt. 吸收;使(精神)贯注;吞并 5. blame n过失, 责备 vt.责备, 谴责
6. instruct vt .教, 教导, 命令, 指示, 通知
7. contribute vi．& vt．捐助，捐献，贡献；投稿 重点
词组 put forward 提出：提议以供考虑 in addition/ apart from 除......之外;另外
make sense 有意义　
重点句子 1. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.
2. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.
3. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it .....

重点语法：过去分词做表语和定语
I.词语辨析
1). character/characteristic n.
【解释】
character 性格，品质 （本身具有的）；角色，人物；字体，字符
characteristic 特点，特征（区别于其他事物）
【练习】选择character 或characteristic 并用其适当的形式填空
1） He proved himself true gentleman and the beauty of his _______ was seen at its best when he worked with others.
2） People living in the city are different from those in the countryside in _________ .
3） What are the __________that distinguish the Chinese from the Japanese?
4） Chinese __________ attract a great number of foreigners all over the world.
5） The main purpose of a play is to let the ________ speak for themselves as much as possible.
Keys: 1) character 2) character 3) characteristics 4) character 5) character 2). examine/ check /test 检查【解释】
examine仔细察看或观察（以了解情况或是否有问题或毛病）
check检查 （含有"校对"或"找错"的意思）
test 检查，检测（以某种手段来试一试某人或某物是否达到了一定的标准）
【练习】选择 check , examine 或 test，并用其适当的形式填空
1）I was being _______ for a driving license for the third time.
2）The doctor _________ him carefully.
3）The interviewer always _______ her facts before sending them to the editor.
Keys: 1) tested 2) examined 3) checks
3) cure/ treat 治疗
【解释】
cure 表示治愈的结果 treat 表示治疗的过程
【练习】选择cure 或treat 并用其适当的形式填空
1) After being ________ for such a long time, the wound ___________ at last.
Keys: 1) treated; cured
4) blame/scold 责备
【解释】
blame 责备；谴责； 归咎于强调对某种可以解释的失误或不良行为的谴责或惩罚：
scold 斥责"、"责骂"指大声呵斥，责备，唠唠叨叨地说，常用于长辈对晚辈
【练习】
1）Don't _______ it on him, but on me.
2）The parents ______ the naughty boy and asked him to leave the home at once.
Keys: 1) blame 2) scolded
5) reject /refuse 拒绝
【解释】
reject 后接名词，（含对被抛弃的东西不屑一顾）
refuse 后接名词，动名词 ，可表"谢绝"
【练习】选择refuse 或reject 并用其适当的形式填空
1）The Christian Church ________ his theory, saying it was against God's idea.
2）I can't stand working with Jane in the same office. She just ________to stop talking while she works.
Keys: 1) rejected 2) refuses

II. 词形变化
science n，科学 scientific adj.科学的 scientist n.科学家 announce v．宣布 announcement n.宣布 announcer n，广播员，告知者 instruct v.．指导，命令 instruction n.指导，指示 instructive adj.有益的，教育性的 enthusiastic adj.热心的，热情的 enthusiasm n.狂热，热心 enthusiast n.热心家，狂热者 valuable adj.有价值的 value n. 价值 value v. 估价, 评价
【练习】根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空
1) The _________ took a very ________ approach to _________.(science)
2) The ______ make a(n) ________ that all the details should _______ through the broadcast.(announce)
3) It is ______ and easy for the children to read some masterpieces with the _______ at the bottom of each
page.(instruct)
4) "You don't seem very ______ about the idea." "I don't mind," she said, without much ______.(enthusiasm)
5) There is no any criterion to ______ whether it is _______ information. (value)
keys: 1) scientist; scientific; science 2) announcer; announcement; be announced
3) instructive; instructions 4) enthusiastic; enthusiasm 5) value; valuable

Ⅲ．重点词汇
1. conclude vi.终结； 结束; 推断； 决定
[典例]
1）The meeting concluded at ten o'clock. 会议于十点钟结束。
2）It is hard to conclude. 这很难断定。
[重点用法]
conclusion n. 结束,结论
make／draw／reach／come to／arrive at a conclusion下结论，得出结论
bring sth. to a conclusion使...结束 in conclusion作为结论，最后
[练习] 汉译英
1） 我们推定蓝队无法按时抵达目的地。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2） 我们认定他并没有告诉我们实情，也就是他在撒谎。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Keys:1) We concluded that the blue team could not reach the destination on time. 2) We concluded that he didn't tell us the truth. That is, he was lying.

2. attend v. 1)注意；留意；处理(与to连用) =do with
2) 出席；到场： 3)照看；照料 =take care; look after
[典例]
1）We'll attend to the problem later． 稍后我们将关注那个问题。
2）Which doctor is attending you? 哪一个医生为你看病?
[重点用法]
attendance n． 出席，出席的人数，伺候，照料
attend school上学
attend a lecture/meeting听讲座/出席会议
attend a wedding/ceremony出席婚礼'/参加典礼
[练习] 汉译英
1） 他们在我们不在时管理事务。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2) 他在这个领域很出名，今晚会有成千上万的敬仰者参加他的讲座。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1) They attended our affairs during our absence. 2) He is famous in this field, and tens of thousands of fans will attend his lecture this evening.
3. expose vt.
1)使暴露, 显露 2)曝光 3)揭露
[重点用法]
exposure n．(在日光、风雨、危险中)暴露，暴晒(后接to + n．)；(摄影的)曝光
be exposed to ....置身于......;暴露于...
[典例]
1）A real artist can always expose his students to good art and music
称职的艺术家总能使学生接触美好的艺术和音乐
2）This film has been exposed. 这片子已经感光。
3）He exposed the plan to the newspapers.他向几家报纸透露了这个计划。
4）Exposure to the cold wind left my lips feeling dry．我暴露在寒风中，觉得嘴唇干裂。
5）As a journalist in the war, she was exposed to many dangers.作为战地记者,她置身于多种危险中.
[练习]用expose的恰当形式填空。
1）The soil was washed away by the flood，_____________bare rock．
2）The baby was left ____________the wind and rain．
3）The _____________of the plot against the President probably saved his life．
Keys: 1) exposing 2) exposed to 3) exposure

4. absorb
1) 吸收 2)使(精神)贯注 3)占用(时间)
[重点用法]
be absorbed in 全神贯注于;热衷于;
absorb one's attention吸引某人注意力
[典例]
1）The equipment can absorb moisture from the air这一设备能从空中吸收水分
2）He is absorbed in study. 他专心读书。
3）This job absorbs all of my time. 这件工作占用了我的全部时间。
[练习] 汉译英
1） 颜色丰富的东西总能轻易地吸引孩子们的注意力。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2） 这双新鞋特别设计了吸收能量的作用。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1) Things in colour can often absorb children's attention easily.
2) The new shoes are specially designed to absorb the energy.

5. blame vt．责备；谴责；归咎于；
n．责怪；(过失、过错等)责任
[典例]
1)The careless driver is to blame for the traffic accident happening yesterday．
那个粗心的司机该为昨天发生的交通事故负责。
2) Who is to blame for the failure? 谁该为这次的失败负责?
3) The student blamed the teacher for his failure．学生因失败而怪老师。
[重点用法]
blame sb．for(doing)sth． 因(做)某事而指责某人
blame sth．on sb． 因某事而指责某人
sb．be to blame for(doing)sth． 因(做)某事某人应该受到谴责；
注意: be to blame 应负责 (无被动形式)
[练习] 汉译英
1）看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮用水了.
_______________________________________________________________________________
2）这件事谁也不能怨.
_______________________________________________________________________________
3）他指责你玩忽职守.
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1) It seemed that the water was to blame. 2) Nobody is to blame for it.
3) He blames you for neglect of duty.

6. instruct vt教导; 指示
[典例]
1）Miss Liu instructed a class in math last year. 刘老师去年给一个班学生上数学课.
2）The volunteers often go to an orphan home to instruct orphans. in English
这些志愿者经常去孤儿之家去教他们英语.
3）He was instructed when to start through the email. 他从邮件中得到出发时间的通知
4）He was instructed to sail for New York. 他奉命前往纽约。
[重点用法]
instruct sb.( in sth.) 教, 教导,传授技能
instruct sb. to do; instruct wh-命令, 指示, instruct that-clause通知
[练习] 汉译英
1）老职工对青年职工言传身教.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2）同时要求孩子们放学后留在教室里.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1) The old workers instruct the young workers not only in words, but by deeds. 2)The children were also instructed not to leave the classroom after class.

7. contribute vi．&vt．捐助，捐献，贡献；投稿
[典例]
1）He contributed to the church．他向教会捐款。
2）He often contributes to this newspaper．他经常向这家报社投稿。
3）Cigarette smoking is a major factor contributing to cancer．吸烟是导致癌症的主要因素。
[重点用法]
contribution. n. 捐献，贡献；投稿 contribute...to ...向......捐献(投稿)
contribute to...促成，起作用，有助于
make a contribution to／towards向......捐赠；对...作出贡献
注意: 以上短语中to为介词；
[练习]用contribute的恰当形式或短语填空。
1) Everyone is encouraged to ___________ the discussion.
2) Her work has ___________ our understanding of this difficult subject.
3) She has __________ poems to literary magazines．
Keys: 1) contribute to 2) contributed to 3) contributed

Ⅳ 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1．put forward 提出(建议等)；推荐某人或自己任职位；提名
[典例]
1）He put forward a new plan yesterday．他昨天提出一个新计划。
2）May I put your name forward as a possible chairman of the committee? 我能否提名你当委员会主席?
[短语归纳]
put on穿上；增加 put on performances演出
put an end to结束；终止 put off推迟；延期；
put one's heart into全神贯注于 put down写下
put out生产；扑灭 put back放回；送回 put up举起；张贴
[练习]用put构成的短语填空:
1)You can take anything from the shelf，but please _______ the books when you've finished with them．
2)He often _______ some useful advice.
Keys: 1) put back 2) puts forward

2．apart from 除......之外;另外
[典例]
1）Apart from a few faults，he is a perfect teacher．除了几个缺点之外，他是一个很好的老师。
2）Apart from the cost，the dress doesn't suit me．姑且不论价格，这件礼服也不适合我穿。
[短语归纳]
in addition to除......之外(还有,包括在内)
besides 除......之外(还有,包括在内)
except (for)除......之外除......之外(还有,不包括在内)
except that 除了...除......之外(还有,不包括在内)
[练习]选择以上短语填空。
1) As a senior student, we study other subjects _________ English.
2) Your article is well written ________ some spelling mistakes.
Keys: 1) besides/ in addition to/apart from 2) except for

3. make sense讲得通；有意义
[典例]
What he says makes sense．他说的有道理。
Can you make sense of this poem? 你能明白这首诗的含义吗?
What you say is true in a sense．你所说的在某种意义上是真实的。
[短语归纳]
make no sense讲不通；无意义 make sense of 了解,明白
in a sense就某种意义而言；在某种意义上
[练习] 汉译英
1） 老师试了许多次，但这个长句依然讲不通。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2） 从某种意义上说，这部影片富含意义。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1) The teacher tried many times, but the long sentence still could not make sense.
2) The film is full of meaning in a sense.
V重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.
每次瘟疫爆发，数以千计的人们在恐惧中死去．
[解释] every time可作连词使用，引导时间状语从句，意为"每次，每当"immediately，the moment，directly，instantly等都可以作连词引导时间状语从句，意为"一......就......"
[典例]
1）Every time I meet him，I always think of the things happened between us．
每次见到他，我就想起发生在我们之间的事情。
2）Immediately he saw the message, he knew he misunderstood his best friend.
一见到纸条，他就知道他误会了他最好的朋友。
[练习] 汉译英
１）每次我去找他，他都在专心看书．
_______________________________________________________________________________
２）我一见到她就把这本书给了她。
_______________________________________________________________________________
３）我一见到他就把这封信给他。
_______________________________________________________________________________
４）我一接到你的信就来了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1) Every time I went to see him, he was absorbed in reading.
2) I gave the book to her the moment I saw her．
3) I will give the letter to him immediately I see him．4) I came directly I got the letter．

2. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说的清楚．
[解释]Only 引导的状语放在句首，句子需用半倒装．
［练习］汉译英
１) 只有用这种方法，你才能轻松地解决这个问题．
__________________________________________________________________________________________
２) 就在你失去它的时候，你才会懂得时间的宝贵．
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1) Only in this way, can you deal with the problem easily. 2) Only when you lost it, will you understand how valuable the time is.

3. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it .....
他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转．
[解释]with + 宾语+ v. -ing / v. -ed / to do / adj. / adv. / prep. phrases构成的复合结构在句中通常作为状语，表示背景情况，为方式，原因或条件等．
［典例］
1）With the old man leading the way, we started towards the forest. 在老者的带路下，我们向森林进发。
2）She ran and ran with beads of sweat running down her face. 她不停地奔跑，汗珠顺着脸颊流下来。
[练习] 汉译英
1） 老师微笑地走进教室，身后还跟着一群小朋友．
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2） 随着考试的结束，我们的假期开始了．
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1) With a group of children following, the teacher came into the classroom with smile.
2) With the test finished, we began our holiday.
课文要点（模块）
Ⅰ课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：
In the times of Queen Victoria, so-called "King Cholera" hit Londoners, which often 1 （导致）large numbers of 2 (dead). Thanks to John Snow, a then well known 3 , this deadly disease finally got controlled. John Snow thought 4 most important was to find its 5 . So he began to gather the information, for which he made a map, on which he marked 6 the 7 （受害者）had lived. As a result, he found out that the 8 (污染) water was the cause of cholera and suggested that the source of all water supplies 9 （检查）immediately. Finally "King Cholera" 10 (defeat).
答案：1. resulted in 2. deaths 3. doctor 4. the 5. cause 6. where 7. victims
8. polluted 9. be examined 10. was defeated
Ⅱ课文大意概括 （旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）
阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或将下面的短文译成英语
这篇短文的主要意思是说斯诺找到了一种叫做霍乱疾病的起因，这是19世纪发生在伦敦的一种致命的疾病。在斯诺的努力，该疾病终于得到控制。
The main idea of this passage is that _______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：The main idea of this passage is that John Snow found out the cause of the disease called cholera which was a deadly disease in London in the 19th century. With Snow' s great efforts, the disease was finally under control.
Ⅲ. 课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）
1【原句】John Snow was a well-known doctor in Landon－( and he was) so famous, indeed (插入语), that he attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies.
[模仿要点]两个简单句合并成一句，很好地运用了插入语和符号来压缩句子。
【模仿1】. 张老师是个热心的老师，他那么善良我想当他的学生生病时他一定乐意帮助他们的。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：Mr. Zhang is a warm-hearted teacher in our school-so kind, I think/ I believe/ I suppose/ I dare say (插入语), that he is sure to help his students when they are ill.
【模仿2】李平是我们班一位用功的学生。他那么勤奋我想晚上不到11点他不会上床睡觉的。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：Li Ping is a hard-working boy in my class－so diligent, I suppose, that he never goes to bed until 11 at night.
2【原句】Although he had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion: that the earth was not the centre of the solar system.
[模仿要点] 冒号加that从句
【模仿1】虽然她不相信别人说的话，可她所收集的证据得出这样的结论：她的男朋友骗了她。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：Though she didn't believe what other people said, the evidences that she collected led to the conclusion: that her boy friend cheated her.
【模仿2】尽管他很聪明，但他不勤奋。他这学期所经历的失败得出这样的结论：不劳不获
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：Though he was very clever，he didn't work hard and all his failure ( that she experienced) this term led to the conclusion: that no pains no gains.

3【原句】He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.
[模仿要点] 句子结构：with 的复合结构作定语修饰前面的名词。
【模仿1】当你步入校园，在你面前是一个种着各种花草的大花坛。在花坛的两边是两个高大的楼房：左边是教学楼，右边是图书馆。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：When you enter the school, you can see in front of you a big flower bed with various kinds of flowers and grass growing in it and with two large buildings standing on both sides- the library on your right and the teaching building on your left.
【模仿2】 井底之蛙，永远看不到天空的广阔，"好男儿志在四方"，让我们踏歌而行，看高高的灯塔照亮我们远航的路。（with 结构作状语）
_______________________________________________________________________________
The frog at the bottom of the well is always blind to the extension of the sky. "Ambitious men aims far." Let's get started, with the tall lighthouse guiding our long voyage, and with the voice of singing accompanying.
单元自测 （模块）
1. 完形填空
　　阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21-30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
　Lang Lang went to a piano school in Beijing when he was just eight. "You need 1 ," his father said. "But if you don't work hard, no fortune will come."
　　What made him sad was that his piano teacher in Beijing didn't like him. As a nine-year-old boy Lang Lang was badly 2 . He decided that he didn't want to be a 3 any more. For the next two weeks he didn't touch the piano. 4 , his father didn't push, but waited.
　　Luckily, the day came when his teacher asked him to play some holiday songs. He didn't want to, but as he placed his fingers on the piano key, he 5 that he could show others that he had talent after all.
　　In the 1994 International Young Pianists Competition, when it was 6 that Lang Lang had won, he was too 7 to hold back his tears. Soon it was clear that he couldn't stay in China forever-he had to play on the world's big 8 . In 1997 Lang Lang 9 again, this time to Philadelphia, U. S. There he spent Two years practicing. After his 10 performance at Chicago's Ravinia Festival, gigs(特邀演出) in Lincoln Center and Carnegie Hall started pouring in. Lang Lang finally worked to reach the place where fortune spots him, and lets him shine.
1. A. exercise B. fortune C. knowledge D. wealth
2. A. hurt B. weakened C. ruined D. frightened
3. A. singer B. pianist C. conductor D. player
4. A. Hopefully B. Patiently C. Wisely D. Painfully
5. A. seemed B. admitted C. noticed D. realized
6. A. told B. mentioned C. announced D. recognized
7. A. excited B. encouraged C. shocked D. satisfied
8. A. conceits B. tours C. competitions D. stages
9. A. started Ｂ. left C. moved D. performed
10. A. successful B. cheerful C. respectful D. meaningful
答案：
本文主要讲述了一位钢琴家成功之路的感人故事。
1. B 下文说"如果你不努力，幸运就不会到来"，因此上文是"你需要幸运"。
2. A 上文老师的话伤了朗朗，hurt表示伤了感情或身体，weaken意为减弱，ruin意为毁坏， frighten吓倒，都不符合语境。
23. B 受到伤害的直接做法就是不再想做钢琴家了。
4. C 朗朗两个星期没练琴，而爸爸没有督促，只是等。下文中讲到了爸爸终于等到了要听的话，所以爸爸的做法是明智的(wisely)。
5. D 老师的话伤害了他，使他不再练琴，但当他的手再放在琴键上时，他就意识到(realize)他有能力向别人展示他最终还是有天赋的。
26. C 当宣布(announced)朗朗获胜时，他太激动(excited)忍不住流出泪水。
27. A 见第26题解析。
28. D 他不能永远呆在中国，他要到世界的大舞台(stage)上演奏。
29. C 1997年，朗朗又搬家了，这次是去了美国。
30. A 由下文的Lincoln Center和Carnegie Hall特邀演出接踵而至，说明他的演出很成功。
2. 语法填空
　　阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。
In the past, there lived a foolish man in a small kingdom called Zheng. One day he wanted to buy 31 a pair of new shoes. He measured his feet with a ruler first and wrote down his size. 32 he was in such a hurry to set out 33 he left it at home.
When he arrived at 34 shoe shop, he felt in the pocket only 35 (find) that it was not there. So he said apologetically, "I have left the measurement at home and don't know the size. I'll fetch it in one minute." 36 these words， he hurried off as fast as his legs could carry him.
He ran back home, found it and then to the shop again. But still 37 took him quite a while and the shop was already 38 (close) then. He had gone to all this trouble for nothing and did not get his shoes.
Then someone asked him with 39 (curious), "Did you buy the shoes for yourself or someone 40 ?" " For myself, of course." he answered. "Then why don't you try the shoes on by yourself?"
答案：
31. himself。 反身代词作间接宾语，从后文知道是给他自己买一双新鞋。
32. But。根据上下文逻辑关系这里应该用表示转折的连词。
33. that。引出结果状语从句，与前面such搭配连用。
34. a。第一次提到该鞋店应该用不定冠词。
35. to find。only与不定式连用，用作结果状语。意为"结果发现"。
36. With。with these words：说完这些话。
37. it。指代前面他回家取measurement（先前所量脚的尺寸）这件事。
38. closed。过去分词作表语。
39. curiosity。 词形转化，此处应该用名词作介词with的宾语。
40. else。考查else的用法。
3. 信息匹配
阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。
以下是世界各地一些大学的简介：
A. John Douglas University-- Located in the United States, this small university is well known for it's low cost and excellent science education.
B. Oxford University--Located in England, this is one of the world's oldest and most famous universities. The rich history and beautiful scenery comes at a high cost, but the quality of the classes is excellent.
C. Brown College-- This three year technical school is located in Australia. It' s a very modem campus, which opened only two years ago. The courses focus mainly on computers and multimedia.
D. Saint Francis University-- This religious university is located in the United States, and asks that all students have a good knowledge of religion and American history. The school isn't the most modern, but it offers scholarships to poor students who wish to study but can't pay.
E. Concordia University--This comprehensive university is popular with students who wish to pursue further studies after having completed their undergraduate work. The campus has more than 25,000 students.
F. Delta College-- This online school offers many degree programs through correspondence, so students can work at home on their free time for their degree. The cost is moderate, but the convenience is worthwhile for many.
以下是一些学生的情况和求学想法的简介：请匹配学生所感兴趣的学校。
41. Michael is a young student who has always received excellent grades, but his family may
not be able to pay for his studies, they are hoping he can receive financial aid somehow.
42. Sarah comes from a wealthy family, so money isn't a problem. She loves history and hopes to
get the best education possible.
43. David is married, and must work to support his family. He hopes to get a higher education to
improve his salary.
44. Rachel loves computers and hopes to find a job in the information technology field. She lives
in London and would love to travel abroad for her studies.
45. Johnson has completed a bachelor degree in economics, and wants to continue his studies so
that he can someday teach at a famous university.

答案：
41．D [解析]从Michael的家庭情况来看，他需要奖学金的资助，因此D项符合他的需求。
42．B [解析]Sarah家庭富裕喜欢历史，追求最好的教育，故选B项。
43．F [解析]David已婚，他要养活一家人，不能去上大学，但是可以通过网络来接受教育。Delta College刚好能满足他的要求。
44．C [解析]生活在伦敦的Rachel喜欢电脑想找到一份与信息技术有关的工作，他还想出国留学，因此C项符合她要求。
45．E [解析]Concordia University是一所多层次大学，录取想进修深造的学生继续他们的学业，这刚好符合Johnson的要求。
4. 基础写作
假设你是李华，你所在学校拟在下周开一个"如何高效地学习英语"的讲座。请你根据以下要点给史密斯教授写一封信，邀请他给学生做这次讲座。信的内容包括：
讲座目的：让学生了解英语学习策略；
讲座内容：如何高效学习英语，如何提高学习英语的兴趣，如何自主学习；
讲座时间：1小时30分钟左右。
[写作要求)
1．必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容。
2．将5个句子组织成连贯的一篇短文，使用必要的连接词。
3．开头语与结束语已给出，不计入句子总数。
4．参考词汇：策略strategy。
Dear Professor Smith，
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
[答案]
Dear Professor Smith,
Our school is planning to have a lecture on how to learn English effectively for middle school students next week and I'm writing to ask you to come and give a talk on English learning strategies. It will help us understand how to learn English in effective ways and also increase our interest in learning it, thus making us learn it actively. Do you think one and a half hours will be enough for such a lecture? Please let me know as soon as possible so that I can make arrangement.
Looking forward to seeing you and enjoying the talk.
With best wishes .
Yours,
Li Hua

Unit 2 The United Kingdom
一、语言要点
I单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）
词汇部分
词语辨析 1. divide/separate 2. puzzle/confuse
3.debate/argue/discuss/quarrel 4.influence/affect/effect
词形变化
1. convenience n.便利，方便,适合 convenient adj.便利的,方便的 conveniently adv.便利地
2. attraction n.吸引,吸引力 attractive adj. 吸引人的,有魅力的 attract v. 吸引
3. construct v.建造,构造,建立 construction n..建筑,建设
4. arrange v. 安排,协商 arrangement n. 排列,安排
5.collect v.收集, 聚集, 集中 collection n.收藏, 征收, 搜集品
6. fair adj. 公平地, 公正地, unfair adj. 不公平的
7.suggest vt.建议, 暗示 suggestion n. 提议, 意见, 暗示, 重点
单词 8. consist vi.由...组成, 在于, 一致
9. clarify v.澄清, 阐明
10. convenience n.便利, 方便, 有益, 有用的, 方便的用具、
11. influence n.& vt.影响, 感化, 势力, 有影响的人(或事)
12. available adj.可用到的, 可利用的,有空的,
13. arrange v.安排, 排列, 协商
14. delight n.快乐, 高兴, 喜悦v. (使)高兴, (使)欣喜 重点
词组 take the place of代替,取代
break down损坏，跨，压倒，分解
leave out省去,遗漏　重点句子 1. There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries.
2. It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.
重点语法：过去分词做宾语补足语
II 词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1). divide/separate v.
【解释】
divide "把一个整体分成若干部分",破坏了宾语的完整性,常与 "into"连用
separate 指"把原来连在一起或靠近的部分分割开来",常与 "from" 连用
【练习】选择divide或separate并用其适当的形式填空
1） The apple was _________ into two.
2） His lecture ___________divides into three parts.
3） She was __________separated from her husband last year.
4） The Taiwan Strait __________ Taiwan from Fujian
Keys: 1） divided 2）divides 3） separated 4）separates
2). puzzle/confuse
【解释】
puzzle 指"情况错宗复杂, 因而使人感到困惑不解"
confuse 指"把事物混淆或弄乱"或"由于混淆、混乱而糊涂", 语气较弱, 常指暂时现象
【练习】选择puzzle 或confuse并用其适当的形式填空
1）What he did __________puzzled me greatly.
2）They asked me so many questions that they _________confused me.
3）I am always ________ salt with sugar.
4）The patient's illness _______ the doctor; and he couldn't find the cause.
Keys: 1）puzzled 2）confused 3）confusing 4）puzzled
3) debate/argue/discuss/quarrel辩论,争论
【解释】
debate就已经确定或统一的问题,各述己见,公开,正式的争论.含交锋的意思
argue 指提出理由或事实，试图在争辩中说服对方，或促使他人拥护自己倡导的理由或观点：
discuss指一般讨论,谈论
quarrel常指因琐事而感到气愤,进行争吵
【练习】选择debate/argue/discuss/quarrel或puzzle并用其适当的形式填空
1）The couple are always __________quarreling about the past.
2）Have you _________ the problem with anyone?
3）I _________ with her all day about the situation.
Keys: 1）quarreling 2）discussed 3）argued 4) influence/affect
【解释】
affect着重影响一个人的感情或健康，也指事物受到影响
influence影响,指对人或事物起某种作用，使其行为,性格或观点等发生变化，常含有潜移默化的意味.
【练习】选择influence或affect并用其适当的形式填空
1) The noise from the street _________affected my study.
2) Outside factors _____________influenced him to resign.
3) My parents _________ my childhood a great deal.
Keys: 1) affected 2) influenced 3) influenced
III 词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料）
1. convenience n.便利，方便,适合 convenient adj.便利的,方便的 conveniently adv.便利地
2. attraction n.吸引,吸引力 attractive adj. 吸引人的,有魅力的 attract v. 吸引
3. construct v.建造,构造,建立 construction n..建筑,建设
4. arrange v. 安排,协商 arrangement n. 排列,安排
5.collect v.收集, 聚集, 集中 collection n.收藏, 征收, 搜集品
6. fair adj. 公平地, 公正地, unfair adj. 不公平的
7.suggest vt.建议, 暗示 suggestion n. 提议, 意见, 暗示,
【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空
1) These meals are quick and _________ to prepare. We provide these meals for the _____ of the customers. (convenience)
2) What ________ me first was that there is a beautiful house with an ____________ garden.(attraction)
3) They had an _________ that the children would spend their holiday abroad.(arrange)
4) The classic music _________ his childhood, and he thought that listening to the music has a calming _________ on him. (influence)
5) A new city of Wenchuan is still under __________, although it was ________ a half year ago.(construct)
6) At the whole classmates'________, the head teacher ________ they should go camping this weekend. (suggest)
keys: 1) convenient; convenience 2) attracted; attractive 3) arrangement 4) influenced; influence 5) construction; constructed 6) suggestion; suggested
IV 重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1. consist vi.由...组成, 在于, 一致
　　consist of=be made up of 由...组成;由...构成
[典例]
1) Substances consist of small particles called molecules. 物质是由叫做分子的微粒组成的。
2) True charity doesn't consist in almsgiving. 真正的慈善不在于施舍。
[练习]翻译:
1) 这支球队由12人组成。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2) 这位艺术家的风格上的美在于它的简朴。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1) the team consists of 12 players. 2)The beauty of the artist's style consists in its simplicity.
　　
2. clarify v.澄清, 阐明
[典例]
1)---Could you clarify the first point please? 请你澄清第一个要点，好吗?
　---I don't understand it completely，either．我也并不完全理解。
2) His mind suddenly clarified. 他的脑子突然清醒过来。
[练习] 翻译句子
1)她写信详细说明她的意图.
_______________________________________________________________________________
2)澄清某人的立场
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1)She wrote a letter to clarify her intentions. 2) clarify one's position

3. convenience n.便利, 方便, 有益, 有用的, 方便的用具
[典例]
1) We bought this house for its convenience．我们买下这所房子是为了方便。
2) Please come at your convenience．请在你方便的时候来。
3) Gas is one of the modern conveniences the newly-built apartment building provides．
这幢新造的公寓大楼装有煤气等现代化设备。
[重点用法]
inconvenience n． 不方便 convenient adj． 便利的，适宜的
at one's convenience在某人方便的时候 for one's convenience(of)为了某人的方便
for convenience's sake为了方便起见 make a convenience of ...利用
[练习]翻译句子
1) 如果方便就来看看我。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2) 你方便明天开始工作吗?
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1)Come and see me if it is convenient to you．
2) Will it be convenient for you to start work tomorrow?

4. influence n.& vt.影响, 感化, 势力, 有影响的人(或事)
[典例]
1) What influenced you to do it?是什么感染了你要这么做？
2) Don't be influenced by him; you should hold your own decision.别被他影响了你，你该有你自己的决定。
[重点用法]
have influence on/with...对......产生影响
under the influence of 在......的影响下
[练习]翻译句子
1） 父母亲的行为总会给孩子带来影响。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2） 在议会的影响下，总统改变了主意。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1) What parents do always has influence on their children.
2) The president changed his idea under the influence of the senate.

5. available adj.可用到的, 可利用的,有空的,
[典例]
1) Attention，please．These tickets are available on the day of issue only．
请注意，这种车票仅在发售当天有效
2) Dresses are not available in your size, I'm afraid.
这些衣服恐怕没有你的尺寸。
[重点用法]
反义词：unavailable
[考例]单项填空
We regret to inform you that there are no tickets ______ for Friday's performance.
A. available B. spare C. convenient D. affordable
【解析】 根据句意"我们很遗憾地通知你星期五的演出票没有了"。可知available "可提供的，可得到的"，常作后置定语。答案：A。
[练习]翻译句子
1) 这里没有这本书。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2)在拥挤的地方,没有车位可用。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1) This book is not available here. 2) In the busy place, no car parking is available for use.

6. arrange v.安排, 排列, 协商
[典例]
1) The child was required to arrange his shoes in a neat row by his parents.
家长要这个小孩把鞋放成整齐的一排
2) He was arranged by his family to marry a girl of his own class 他家里安排他娶一个门当户对的女孩。
[重点用法]
arrange for安排, 准备
arrange with sb. about sth.与某人商定某事
[练习]翻译句子
1) 你得在会议开始前把书架上的书整理好。

2）他们在秘密地为一场盛大婚礼做准备

Keys: 1) You should finish arranging the books on the shelves before the meeting.
2) They are arranging for a big wedding secretly.

7. delight n.快乐, 高兴, 喜悦v. (使)高兴, (使)欣喜
[典例]
1) Sometimes an old movie can still delight the people who have a sweet memory for the old days.有时一部旧片仍能给怀念旧时光的人们带来喜悦。
2) The movie Xi Yangyang & Hui Tailang gave delight to millions of children. 电影《喜羊羊与灰太郎》使千万小朋友获得乐趣。
[重点用法]
take/find/have delight in喜爱, 以...为乐 to sb.'s delight令人高兴的是... delight in 嗜好
[练习]翻译句子
1) 他的表演使观众感到满意。

2) 唱歌是她的主要爱好。

3) 年轻人喜欢旅行。

Keys: 1) He delighted the audience with his performance. 2) Singing is her chief delight.
3) The young delight in /take delight/ in travels

V 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1.take the place of代替,取代
[典例]
1) In the future, natural gas will take the place of petrol as the major fuel.将来天然气会代替汽油成为主要的能源。
2) I'll take the place of Mr．Lin next week．=I'll take Mr．Lin's place next week．
下周我将代替林老师。
[重点用法]
take place发生；举行 take one's place就位；代替某人
in place of (= instead of)代替 in place在适当的位置
out of place不得其所，不适当地 in the first place首先 from place to place到处；各处
[练习] 选择以上短语填空
1) A sudden accident _______ in the street last evening.
2)She likes everything _______ before she starts to work．She hates a mess．
Keys: 1)took place 2)in place

2. break down损坏，跨，压倒，分解
[经典例句]
1) The bridge broke down．桥塌了。
2) The engine broke down．发动机坏了。
3) He has broken down from overwork．他因工作过度而累垮了。
4) Water can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen．水可以分解为氢和氧。
5) The plan to build another chemical work has broken down because it will cause serious pollution．再建一个化工厂的计划失败了，因为这将引起严重的污染。
[词汇激活]
break away from摆脱，脱离 break in闯入；插话
break into闯入；破门而人；打断(谈话) break off中止；折断；打折
break out爆发；突然发生 break through突破；冲垮 break up分解；(使)结束;分开,分离
[练习]请填人适当的介词或副词：
1)To understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it ___________ into pieces.
2) The elevator broke _______.
3) Fighting broke_______ in the prison cells.
4)Fire broke _______during the night.
5) On the way to the prison house, the prisoners suddenly broke _______ from the policeman.
Keys: 1) down 2) down 3) out 4) out 5) away

3. leave out省去,遗漏
[典例]
1) You have left out the most important word in this sentence．
你在这一句中遗漏了最重要的一个单词。
2) Don't leave me out when you invite people to your party．
当你邀请人们去参加晚会时，别把我漏掉了。
[重点用法]
leave for 动身到(某处) leave alone不管;撇下...一个人
leave aside搁置 leave behind遗忘;遗留
[练习]请填人适当的介词或副词：
1) They were left ______ in the wilderness.
2) He was asked to make up the information left ______ by the leader.
Keys: 1) alone 2) out
VI 重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1. There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries.
没有必要去争论为什么要用不同的词去描述这四个国家。
[解释]There is no need to do没有必要做某事
　　　There is no doubt that ......是毫无疑问的
[练习]汉译英
1) 我们有必要再去那一趟吗?
_______________________________________________________________________________
2) 没必要给他写封信告知这个消息.
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys:
1) Is there any need for us to go there again?
2) There is no need to write to him and inform him the news.

1. It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.
这似乎是一件怪事:这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，而且在伦敦去世.
[解释] It is/seems/...that ...从句用虚拟语气，由"should+v.原形"构成
[典例]
1) It is strange that my mother should agree with me.真奇怪我妈妈竟然答应了我。
2) It was strange that my mother should have agreed with me. 真奇怪我妈妈竟然答应了我。
[练习]翻译
1） 真奇怪,他竟然考试不及格.
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2） 似乎很奇怪，他能够通过触摸判断花的种类。
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Key: 1)It's strange that he should fail the exam. 2) It seemed strange that he could tell the different kinds of flower by touching.
二、课文要点
1课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：
The United Kingdom 1 （由...组成） four countries: England, 2 , Scotland and Northern Ireland, 3 is known to the world in a flag 4 (call) the Union Jack. The four countries do work together in some areas, but they have developed different 5 (教育的) and legal systems. England, the largest of the four countries, is 6 (大致) divided into three zones. Its capital, 7 , has been influenced by the invaders of England, and you will find 8 greatest historical treasure in it.
答案：1. consists of 2. Wales 3. which 4. called 5. educational 6. roughly 7. London 8. the
2课文大意概括 （旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）
阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或将下面的短文译成英语。
从短文中我们得知联合王国由四个国家：英格兰，威尔士，苏格兰和北爱尔兰组成。它还介绍了英国和伦敦，并说明英格兰文化如何受到入侵者的影响。
From the passage we know _______________________________________________________
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答案：From the passage we know the United Kingdom consists of four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. It also gives us a brief introduction of England and London, and explains how the culture of England was influenced by its invaders
3课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）
1【原句】The greatest historical treasure of all is London with its museums, art collections, theatres, parks and buildings.
[模仿要点] 将两个简单句合并成一句，并很好地运用with + N. 作定语。
【模仿】1.作为奥运项目，射击稳步发展，1896年奥运会只有三个项目，现今有17项。(NMET2008)
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答案：As an Olympic sport, shooting has been developing steadily with only three events in 1896 but 17 events at the moment.
【模仿】2. 如收门票，需建大门﹑围墙，会影响城市形象。
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答案：With entrance fees charged, it will become necessary to build gates and walls, which will do harm to the appearance of the city．
2【原句】There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries.
[模仿要点] 句子结构：there is no need to do sth
【模仿】1 你没有必要花很多时间做英语练习而不加思考。
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答案：There is no need to spend much of your spare time doing English exercises without think of their rules.
【模仿】2 我们没有必要再争论学生该不该上网，我们所要做的应该是充分使用网络来扩大我们的知识而尽量避免它的负面影响。
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答案：There is no need to debate /quarrel/ discuss any more whether students should surf the Internet or not. What we should do now is to make good use of the net to increase our knowledge and try to avoid its bad effect.
3【原句】Now when people refer to England you find Wakes included as well.
[模仿要点] 句子结构：when ... you will find sb included as well
【模仿1】 当人们谈到我们班的高材生时，你会发现汤姆也包括其中。
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答案：Now when people refer to the top students in our class, you will find Tom included as well.
Li Ping's name , I think, must be mentioned as well.
【模仿2】 当老师表语哪些工作出色的人时，我敢说，你会发现姆也包括其中。
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答案：When the teacher praises the whose who do well in their jobs, I dare say, you will find Tom included as well.
三、单元自测
1完形填空
　　阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21-30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The legal age for smoking in Japan is 20 and as the country' s 570,000 tobacco vending machines ( 自动售货机) prepare for a July regulation requiring them to ensure buyers are not minors, a company has developed a 21 to identify age by studying facial features.
By having the customer look into a digital camera 22 to the machine, Fujitaka Co's system will 23 facial characteristics, such as wrinkles surrounding the eyes, bone structure and skin sags (松弛), to the facial data of over 100,000 people, Hajime Yamamoto, a company spokesman said.
"With face 24 , so long as you've got some change and you are an adult, you can buy cigarettes like before. The problem of 25 borrowing (identification) cards to purchase cigarettes could be 26 as well," Yamamoto said.
But due to concerns about its accuracy, the facial identification method has yet to be 27 .
Yamamoto said the system could 28 identify about 90 percent of the 29 , with the remaining 10 percent sent to a "grey zone" for minors that look 30 , and baby-faced adults, where they would be asked to insert their driving license.
21. A. system B. machine C. program D. monitor
22. A. added B. attached C. covered D. devoted
23. A. prefer B. adjust C. lead D. compare
24. A. features B. structure C. recognition D. expression
25. A. students B. youths C. adults D. minors
26. A. avoided B. clarified C. raised D. improved
27. A. corrected B. approved C. updated D. spread
28. A. completely B. correctly C. specifically D. partly
29. A. smokers B. sellers C. lookers-on D. users
30. A. older B. younger C. wiser D. nicer
答案：
21. A。从第二段及最后一段第一句可以判断：一家日本公司研制出一套年龄识别体系。
22. B。attach to 所附的，"附在机器上的数码相机"。其他三个选项不符合语境。
23. D。compare ... to ... "系统将面部特征与十万多人的面部数据进行对比"。其他三个选项动词尽管可以和to连用，但不符合语境。
24. C。features 特征，structure 构造，recognition 识别，expression表情，选项C符合语境。
25. D。从文章第一句及最后一句可以判断。minor未成年人，本文首句提到吸烟的合法年龄是20岁，自动售货 机要确保购买者不是未成年人。
26. A。年龄识别系统可以避免未成年人借用身份证购买香烟的问题。clarify澄清。
27. B。因涉及到准确性问题，这套面部识别方法还有待批准。
28. B。该系统能正确识别出约90%的使用者。
29. D。从第一段to ensure buyers are not minors判断，该系统识别的是使用自动售货机购买香烟者。故选users。
30. A。从baby-faced adults可得提示。有10%的长相显老的未成年人和娃娃脸的成年人进入"灰色地带"。
2. 语法填空
　　阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。
For many times in the past years I went to the hospital for some minor 31 (treat) during my travel in other cities. It was the 32 (sad) moment of my life, I think, because nobody would come to the hospital to visit me. 33 patients had family or friends to visit them during the visiting hours I felt really alone. 34 is it possible that out of a whole world full of people, 35 would come to visit me for just an hour? The answer in my case was simple. With a bit of medication (药物治疗), I was back in the stream of life again. But I 36 (leave) with a deep thought for all the people and the elderly. 37 knows how many others that lie in the hospital with nobody 38 (visit) them or give a kind word of comfort? I had this wonderful idea of forming 39 organization in cities around the world, getting to hospitals to visit the patients who never get a visit and someone local could drop 40 with a smile and a kind word. Wouldn't it be nice and relatively easy to do?
答案：
31.treatments。本空前面的minor是一个形容词，它暗示了本空应填入一个名词。Treat(治疗)的名词形式是treatment。此外，本空前面的形容词some暗示了所填的名词应用复数形式。
32. saddest。本空考查形容词的最高级形式的用法。而且前面有定冠词the提示，根据句子意思应该选择saddest。
33. Other。考查other做形容词的用法，此时，other意为"其他的，另外的"。
34. How。考查疑问词的用法。
35. nobody。根据上下文，我们可以知道，没有任何人来探望作者本人。
36. was left。be left with a thought是一个固定的搭配，意为"产生......的一个想法"。
37. Who。考查疑问词的用法。这句话是个特殊疑问句，根据句子意思可知需要选who。
38. to visit。考查with的复合结构。
39. an。本空填入一个不定冠词表示泛指。
40. in / by / round。本空考查短语drop in / by / round的用法，其意思为：顺便访问，顺便进入。
3.阅读理解（每小题2分，满分10分）
　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Healthy relationships are fun and make you feel good about yourself. The relationships that you make in your teenage years will be a special pan of your life. They will teach you some of the most important lessons about who you are. This may help you understand different kinds of relationships, what makes each relationship special, and how to communicate in a positive way.
What makes a relationship healthy?
Communication and Sharing: The most important part of any healthy relationship between two people is being able to talk and listen to each other. You and the other person can find out what your common interests are. You can share your feelings with the other person and trust that he or she will be there to listen to you and support you. In healthy relationships, people don't lie. Communication is based on honesty and trust. By listening carefully and sharing your thoughts and feelings with other people, you show them that they play an important part in your life.
Respect and Trust: In healthy relationships, you learn to respect and trust important people in your life. Disagreements may still happen, but you learn to stay calm and talk about how you feel. Talking calmly helps you to understand the real reason for not getting along. It makes it much easier to figure out how to fix it. In healthy relationships, working through disagreements often makes the relationship stronger. In healthy relationships, people respect each other for who they are. This includes respecting and listening to yourself and your feelings so you can set boundaries and feel comfortable. You will fred that you learn to understand experiences and feelings of others as well as having them understand your experiences and feelings.
How do I know that I have a healthy relationship with someone？
You know that you are in a healthy relationship with someone because you feel good about yourself when you are around that person. Unhealthy relationships can make you feel sad, angry, scared, or worried.
Healthy peer relationships involve an equal amount of giving and taking in the relationship. In unhealthy relationships, there is an unfair balance. You may often feel that you are giving the other person more attention than that he or she gives to you.
You should feel safe around the other person and feel that you can trust him or her with your secrets. In a healthy relationship, you like to spend time with the other person, instead of feeling that you have to spend time with him or her.
41. The lessons you learn about the relationships in your teenage years may help you understand the following EXCEPT _________.
A. different kinds of relationships B. different kinds of people and occasions
C. how to communicate in a positive way D. what makes each relationship special
42. To have a healthy relationship, you shouldn't _________.
A. talk and listen to each other B. have common interests
C. disagree and quarrel with each other D. take as much as you give
43. When disagreements happen, you learn to stay calm because __________.
A. talking calmly helps you to understand the real reason for not getting along
B. talking calmly makes it much easier to figure out how to fix them
C. working through disagreements often makes the relationship stronger
D. all of the above
44. Which of the following relationships is healthy?
A. You feel upset when you are around someone.
B. You like to talk to someone and listen to him or her.
C. Giving without taking.
D. You feel that you have to spend time with him or her.
45. The passage implies that __________.
A. it's easy to establish a good relationship with someone
B. you don't need to give anything to make relationships healthy
C. healthy relationships need money, time, energy and care
D. mutual respect and trust lead to strong relationships
答案：
41．B．细节判断题。由第一段最后一句可知。
42．C细节理解题。从第三段第五句可知。
43．D．细节推断题。从第三段第二、三句可知：
44．B．细节理解题。从最后一段可知。
45．D．综合推理题。由全文可知。
4.读写任务
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Hi, I am Jane. I like the book named The Story of My Life by Helen Keller, which is the most influential book in my life. It is filled with courage, struggle and faith throughout. Helen Keller was once in deep despair in her childhood, but finally she decided to overcome her physical defects and live happily. Furthermore, she showed great patience in her long and hard learning period. I have learned, above all, three lessons from her story. First, she taught me that often the road to success is to face hardships bravely. Maybe you are born under a star yet you can stand a better chance than others. It is therefore important that you screw up your courage when courage is needed. Second, the destruction of part of her senses did not prevent her from learning: on the contrary, she had made continual efforts to go deeper into the realm of knowledge, and her perseverance had thus helped her overcome many handicaps. Third, she advised that we should make the most of our sense-organs as if we would lose them soon because in this way we would observe the world more carefully than ever before.
The book is inspiring in that it is one brimming over with the unbending will of a gallant woman set with seemingly insurmountable (adj.不可克服的) difficulties. I hope I can be as courageous as she.
[写作内容]
你的英语老师在上英语口语课时，要求同学们每人就"影响我一生的一本书"的话题进行讨论，你参加讨论。听完Jane的发言之后，请你以"The Most Influential Book in My Life"为题，准备一份发言稿。内容包括以下内容：
1．以约30个词概括Jane的发言要点；
2．然后以约120个词谈谈影响你的一生的某一本书，内容包括：
1)这本书令你印象最深的是什么? 2)这本书如何影响你的人生? 3)你的感想。
[写作要求]
1．作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；标题自定。
2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
[评分标准]概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。
[写作辅导]
1．写作有可能用到的主要短语和单词：印象impression，影响affect／have influence on sth．／have an effect on sth．
2．本文的概要必须包含以下要点：I like the book named The Story of My Life by Helen Keller,
which is the most influential book in my life./The book is inspiring.../It is filled with courage, struggle and faith throughout./I hope I can be as courageous as she.
3．本文要注意，概要一定要根据文段的时态来写。同时，绝对不能抄袭原文的句子。文章是谈谈影响你的一生的某一本书，属于评论性文字和结论性的观点，故用一般现在时或一般将来时态较为合理。
_______________________________________________________________________________
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[答案]
The Most Influential Book in My Life
Jane gives us the outline of the book, The Story of My Life by Helen Keller. The book is filled with courage, struggle and faith throughout, which affects Jane's life most influentially, and she expects herself to be courageous as Helen Keller.
Books really have good or bad influence on one's growth. To me, the book named Monkey King by Wu Chengen is the most influential book in my life. The Monkey King, Sun Wukong, had a bitter experience of helping his master overcome a great many difficulties in order to get good results. In fact, Failure is a common thing in life. But there are different attitudes towards failure. Years ago, I had a bad attitude towards my failure. However, I have had a good attitude towards failure since I read the book. Now, I don't mind failure because it isn't indeed a bad matter, which tells us how to approach our goal. Whenever I am faced with great difficulties, I never say easily, "I will give up!"
Good books are both important and beneficial to the character development and personal growth of the young people. This is what I have got from my experience.


Unit 3 Life in future
语言要点
单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）
词汇部分
词语辨析 1. surrounding/ environment 2.swiftly/fast/quick/soon
词形变化
1.settlement n. 定居；解决 settle v. 安放, 使定居, 安排; 安家, 定居
2. surrounding n. 周围的事物；环境 surround v. 包围, 围绕
3. press v. 按；压；逼迫 pressure n. 压, 压力,
4.require v. 需要；要求；命令 requirement n. 需要；要求；命令
重点单词
1. private adj.私人的；私有的 2. settlement n.定居；解决
3. impression n.印象；感想；印记 4. remind v.提醒；使想起
5. previous adj.在前的；早先的 6. lack v.缺乏；没有 n.缺乏；短缺的东西
7. require v.需要；要求；命令 8. assist v.援助；帮助；协助 重点
词组
1.take up 拿起；接受；开始；继续 2.be similar to 与......相似
3.in all directions向四面八方 4.lose sight of/ catch sight of不再看见....../ 瞥见......
5.sweep up打扫；横扫 　
重点句子 1. What problems do you think people in the future will have overcome?
2. This is similar to the "jet lag" you get when flying,...
重点语法：过去分词做状语
I词语辨析
1). surrounding/ environment n. 环境
【解释】
surrounding 指周围或附近的一切事物;环境(常用复数)
environment 指生态环境，自然环境(与the连用);还指影响个体或事物行为或发展的环境. 【练习】选择surrounding 或environment并用其适当的形式填空
10） Good work cannot be done in unpleasant or uncomfortable_____________.
11） A happy family provides a loving __________for its children.
12） The house is in beautiful_______________.
13） It is our duty to protect the _________from pollution.
5）Moss grows best in a shady, damp____________.
Keys: 1）surroundings 2）environment 3） surroundings 4） environment 5）environment

2). swift/fast/quick/soon
【解释】
swift指运动的流畅性与稳靠性
fast 更多指运动中的人或物
quick大多指花费极少时间或反应或动作的敏捷
soon 时间副词,指先后发生的两件事之间的时间间隔短
选择swift/fast/quick或soon并用其适当的形式填空
1）A _______ car knocked down a boy in the main street. 飞驰的汽车；
2）Only her ________reaction prevented an accident. 她的快捷反应避免了一次事故。
3）He has a _______but unclear handwriting 流畅但不清楚的书法笔迹
4）Let's eat a ________snack. 让我们吃一顿快餐吧!
5）______ we will arrive in Hong Kong.
Keys: 1）fast 2）quick 3）swift 4）quick 5）Soon
II 词性变化
settlement n. 定居；解决 settle v. 安放, 使定居, 安排; 安家, 定居
surrounding n. 周围的事物；环境 surround v. 包围, 围绕 press v. 按；压；逼迫
pressure n. 压, 压力, require v. 需要；要求；命令 requirement n. 需要；要求；命令
impression n. 印象, 感想, impress v. 印, 留下印象
【练习】根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空
1） _________ by green hill on the north and south and a blue sea on the east, this city really enjoys nice ______________.(surrounding)
2） It's time you _________ your difference with your father. (settlement)
3） ---What's your __________ of the new teacher?
---He is a kind and handsome young man, but what _____ me most is his sense of humour .(impression)
4） It is _________ that all students should wear the school uniform in school, but not all students obey the _________. (require)
5） The nurse ______ the wound and the _______ to the arm stopped the bleeding at last. (press)
keys: 1）Surrounded; surroundings 2）settled 3）impression; impresses
4）required; requirement 5）pressed; pressure
Ⅲ 重点词汇
1. private adj. 1)私人的；个人的 2)私下的, 保密的;
[典例]
1) When children grow up, they are eager to get private rooms for themselves.
当孩子长大了，他们都渴望有自己的房间。
2) I wish to have a private talk with you. 我想私底下和你谈谈。
[练习] 汉译英
1) 老师应该允许孩子具有自己的观点。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2) 私下讨论后，他们达成令人满意的协议。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1)Teachers should allow children to have their private opinion.
2) They reached a satisfying agreement after the private discussion.

2. settlement n. 1) 定居点[C] 2)（解决纷争的）协议[C] 3) 解决，处理[U]
[典例]
1) The Indians often attacked the settlements of the colonist.
　印地安人经常袭击殖民者的定居点。
2) The strikers and the employers have reached a settlement over new working conditions.
罢工者已经与顾主就新的工作条件达成了协议。
3) After the settlement of our differences, we became friends. 消除分歧后，我们成了朋友。
[重点用法]
settle v.定居
come to a settlement解决; 决定; 和解
settle in Canada. 定居加拿大 settle down安顿下来：过稳定有序的生活：
[练习] 汉译英
1) 他与一家人安顿下来务农
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2) 她丈夫死后，她定居俄亥俄
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1) He settled down as a farmer with a family.
2) After the death of her husband, she settled her family in Ohio.

3. impression n.印；印痕；印记；印象；意念；概念
[典例]
1) Your performance gave me a strong impression．你的表演给我留下了很深的印象。
2) What I said made no impression on him．我的话对他不起作用。
[重点用法]
impress v.留下印象
impress sth．on／upon one's mind 把......牢记在心上
have an impression of sth．／doing sth．that...
make an impression on sb． 给某人留下印象 make no impression on 对......无影响／效果
give sb．a favorable impression给某人以好印象 an impression of sb's foot某人的脚印
[练习] 汉译英
1) 我隐约记得我们以前曾经见过面
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2) 你对他的印象如何? (他给你的印象怎样?)
__________________________________________________________________________________________
3) 我父亲让我铭记艰苦劳动的价值。
Keys: 1)I have the impression that we have met once before.
2)What's your impression of him?
3)My father impressed on me the value of hard work.

4. remind v.提醒；使想起
[典例]
1) The picture reminds me of my college days．这张照片使我想起了大学里的日子。
2) Remind me to write to father．请提醒我给父亲写信。
3) Please remind me that I must call her up before nine.请提醒我九点前给她打个电话。
[重点用法]
remind sb．of sth．=remind sb．about... 提醒某人某事；
remind sb．that也可以表示"提醒某人做某事"或"使某人想起去做某事"。
[考例]单项填空
What you said just now_____ me of that American professor.
A. mentioned B. informed C. reminded D. memorized
【解析】remind sb. of sth.使/让某人想起某事；informed sb. of sth.通知某人事情。A,D都无此结构。答案：C。
[练习]根据句子的意思在横线里填入适当的词。
1)Please remind yourself often ______ your weak points，shortcomings and mistakes．
2)Please remind him _______________(post)the letters.
Keys: 1) of 2) to post

5. previous adj.先的, 前的; 事前的; 以前的
[重点用法]
previous to 在......之前
[典例]
1）He did better in his previous study.他在预习方面做得好。
2）His previous attempt was successful. 他以前的尝试成功了。
3）Previous to the conference we had discussed the matter.
在会议召开之前,我们讨论了这个问题.
[练习] 汉译英
1）你以前有过这种工作经验吗？
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2）来这里之前,我为你准备了文件.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1）Do you have any previous experience of this kind of job?
2）Previous to coming here, I prepared all the documents for you.

6. lack vt.缺乏；没有 n.缺乏；短缺的东西
[重点用法]
lack sth.(wisdom／common sense／money缺乏智慧／常识/金钱)
be lacking in (courage／determination to do...) 缺乏做某事的勇气／决心
a／the lack of... ......的缺乏 for lack of 因缺乏...... have no lack of 不缺乏
[典例]
1) You will not be lacking in support from me. 你将得到我的帮助
2) I lacked for nothing. 我不需要任何东西
[练习]用lack的适当形式填空。
1)Though _________(1ack)money，his parents managed to send him to university．
2)He completely _______ conscience．
3)She is ________ in responsibility.
4) ______ of rest makes her look tired.
Keys: 1)lacking 2)lacked 3) lacking 4)Lack

7. req