Unit 4 Making the news Discovering Useful Structures 课件(共43张PPT)
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| 名称 | Unit 4 Making the news Discovering Useful Structures 课件(共43张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.4MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-11-17 15:07:06 | ||
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(共43张PPT)
Read the sentences in the text.
Never will Zhou Yang forget his assignment at the office of China Daily.
Only when you have seen what he or she does, can you cover a story by yourself.
Not only am I interested in photography, but I (also) took a course at university.
Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.
Here comes my list of “dos” and “don’ts”.
Inversion (倒装句)
一、概述：
英语句子的基本语序(the natural order)是主语在前、谓语动词在后，当语序颠倒时就成了倒装结构(the inverted order)。把谓语的全部放在主语之前称为完全倒装；而只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前，则称为部分倒装。
I love English.
基本语序
(natural order)
subject (主)+ predicate (谓)+object (宾)
倒装的分类
1. 部分倒装：主语与助动词/情态动词/系动词倒装
结构：助动词 / 情态动词+ 主语 + 谓语动词
Never have I heard such a thing.
= I have never heard such a thing.
倒装结构 (inverted order)
2. 全部倒装： 主语与谓语动词倒装
结构：谓语动词+ 主语
Down fell the rain.
= The rain fell down.
全部倒装句
here, there, now, then, thus, out, away, up, down等副词置于句首，谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等。当其主语为名词时，通常要使用倒装。例如：
There goes the bell.
Then came the chairman.
Here is your letter.
Away went the boy to the school.
Off goes the woman.
注意：
上述全部倒装句型结构中的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能倒装。
Here he comes.
Away they went.
— 车来了，小刘呢？
— 他在那呢。
__________________________________
__________________________________
[小试身手]
--- Here comes the bus! Where is Xiao Liu? --- There he is.
2. 以引导词there开头的句子，须使用倒装结构，除 there be 外还有there live / stand / lie / exist等。例如：
There are three books on the desk．
There lived an old fisherman near the sea.
There stands a tall building in the centre of the town.
3. so, neither, nor表示前面所述一件事也适合另一个人或物时。so用于肯定句, neither / nor 用于否定句。
Tom can speak French. So can Jack.
If you don’t go, neither will I.
注意：
当 so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定，意为“的确如此”时，不可用倒装结构。
Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.
--- It’s raining hard.
--- So it is.
--- Your father is very strict with you.
--- ____________ (的确如此). He never lets off a single mistake of ours.
[小试身手]
So he is
2) 但如果上文所述两件事也适合另一个人或物，就用 So it is / was with sb.或It is / was the same with sb.。
Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language. So it was with Engels.
4. 介词短语做地点状语放在句首时, 要使用倒装。
In the cottage lives a family of six.
Near the bridge was an old cottage.
In front of the house sat a little boy.
部分倒装句
1. 疑问句
a. Have you seen the film?
b. When are we going to drink to your happiness?
注意：如疑问词在句中做主语，则用自然语序。
c. Who is your sister?
d. What is our work?
2. so / such...that的so / such位于句首时
So loudly did the students read that
people could hear them out in the street.
b. So small were the words that he could hardly see them.
c. Such a famous man he is that everyone wants to take a photo with him.
3. 否定意义的副词或短语位于句首时，常见 的有：
in no way, not only…but also, never, little, rarely, seldom, hardly... When, no sooner … than, scarcely…when, in no case, not until (当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装)等。
Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.
Hardly?can?I?follow?you.
Seldom?do?I?visit?USA.
Never have I seen such a performance.
1. 她从来都没有看到过任何人打网球和 Robert 一样好的。
Never before has she seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.
2. 他离开家不久后才开始明白对他来说家庭有多重要。
Not until he left his home did he begin to know how important the family was for him.
[典型例题]
注意： 如否定词不在句首则不倒装。
I have never seen such a performance.
The mother didn’t leave the room until the child fell asleep.
4. 由as或though 引导的让步壮语从句
表语十as＋主语十系动词be；
动词原形＋as＋主语十助动词。例如：
Young as he is, he knows some of the
family.
Try as I might, I could not lift the stone.
注意：当单数名词位于句首时，名词前无冠词。
Child as he is, he knows good English.
Were I you, I would not do such a thing.
= If I were you, I would not do such a thing.
Would the machine break down again, send it back to us.
= If the machine would break down again, send it back to us.
5. 省略连词 if的条件副词分句
Had you worked harder, you would have passed.
= If you had worked harder, you would have passed.
6. 有些表示“感叹、祝愿”等语气的句子，也可使用倒装结构。
Isn’t it cold!
天气真冷！
May both be happy!
祝你们两位幸福！
May God bless you.
愿上帝赐福于你。 Long live the king!
国王万岁！
7. only 位于句首、强调句子的状语时
Only then did I fully understand what my father said.
Only when I left school did I realize how important study is.
注意:如果only强调的是句子主语时，句子不倒装。
Only he can help us.
[典型例题]
1. Only when he reached the tea-house _____________ (he, realize) it was the same place he’d been in last year.
2. Only after talking to two students _____________ (I, discover) that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.
did he realize
did I discover
8. 在“such + be+主语”的结构中
Such was the story he told me.
= The story he told me was such.
Such was what Peter spoke at the meeting.
=What Peter spoke at the meeting was such.
Rewrite these sentence using normal word order. (P 29)
1. I did not know how to use that recorder. Neither did he.
Neither he or I knew how to use that recorder.
2. Only then did I begin my work on designing a new bridge.
I only began my work on designing a new bridge then.
3. Not only was there a Christmas tree, but also exciting presents under it.
There was not only a Christmas tree but also exciting presents under it.
4. “Is everything ready yet?” asked Hu Xin to the photographer.
Hu Xin asked the photographer, “Is everything ready yet?”
Rewrite these sentences using inversion. First, find the phrase to begin with. Then change the word order of the sentence. Use the words or phrases underlined to rewrite these sentences. (P 29)
You will see so many seats only at a stadium in Beijing.
Only at a stadium in Beijing will you see so many seats.
2. I have seldom seen a situation which made me so angry.
Seldom have I seen a situation which made me so angry.
3. You will be able to write a good report only after you have acquired the information you need.
Only after you have acquired the information you need will you be able to write a good report.
4. He gave a lot of presents to his friends, but he has never given one to me.
Never has he given a present to me though he gave a lot (of presents) to his friends.
5. She is not only good at languages, but also at history and geography.
Not only is she good at language, but she is also good at history and geography.
6. I have never read such an exciting report before.
Never before have I read such an exciting report.
7. She took part in a horse riding competition, and did not miss a jump once.
Not once did she miss a jump when she took part in the horse riding competition.
Certain expressions can introduce an inverted
sentence. Now complete the following sentences
that begin with these expressions. (P 29)
Only after _________________ did ____________________________
__________.
2) Not once did ___________________ ______________________________ .
my operation
my neighbours come round to offer me support
you come to say you were sorry after breaking the vase
3. Seldom have I ___________________ _____________________________.
4. Only by doing ___________________ could ___________________________ _____ .
5. Only in a ____ can ________________ _________________________.
been so happy as when my son graduated from university
her exercise every day
Jane hope to run professionally again
film
people get hit and never seem to feel the pain
6. Not once did __________________ ________________________________ _______________________________ ________________.
Only then did __________________
______________.
Zhou Jie receive an admission notice to Beijing university, but he also won a scholarship to study in America.
she remember what her aunt told her
Complete the sentences.
1. Only with a proper key, __________________.
(你才能打开门)
can you open the door
2. Only when you’ve done your homework, ____________________________.
(你才可以去玩篮球)
may/can you go to play basketball
3. Only after he had done some reading, __________________________.
(他才去洗衣服)
did he go to do some washing
Translate the sentences using inversion.
三年前她很少考虑父母的感受。
2. 直到20世纪50年代人们才开始制造这种机器。
3. 我们班里的男同学不仅对篮球感兴趣,而且对足球也感兴趣。
Not only are the boys in our class interested
in basketball, but also they’re interested in
football.
Seldom did she consider how her parents felt three years ago.
Not until the 1950s did such machines begin to be made.
4. 一遇到她的朋友，李丽就开始抱怨自己的工作。
5. 只有通过努力工作，你才有望加薪。
6. 我永远不会忘记和父母在一起生活的那
些日子。
Hardly had she encountered her friends when Li Li started to complain about her work.
Only by working hard can you expect to get a pay raise.
Never shall I forget the days when I lived with my parents.
Read the sentences in the text.
Never will Zhou Yang forget his assignment at the office of China Daily.
Only when you have seen what he or she does, can you cover a story by yourself.
Not only am I interested in photography, but I (also) took a course at university.
Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.
Here comes my list of “dos” and “don’ts”.
Inversion (倒装句)
一、概述：
英语句子的基本语序(the natural order)是主语在前、谓语动词在后，当语序颠倒时就成了倒装结构(the inverted order)。把谓语的全部放在主语之前称为完全倒装；而只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前，则称为部分倒装。
I love English.
基本语序
(natural order)
subject (主)+ predicate (谓)+object (宾)
倒装的分类
1. 部分倒装：主语与助动词/情态动词/系动词倒装
结构：助动词 / 情态动词+ 主语 + 谓语动词
Never have I heard such a thing.
= I have never heard such a thing.
倒装结构 (inverted order)
2. 全部倒装： 主语与谓语动词倒装
结构：谓语动词+ 主语
Down fell the rain.
= The rain fell down.
全部倒装句
here, there, now, then, thus, out, away, up, down等副词置于句首，谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等。当其主语为名词时，通常要使用倒装。例如：
There goes the bell.
Then came the chairman.
Here is your letter.
Away went the boy to the school.
Off goes the woman.
注意：
上述全部倒装句型结构中的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能倒装。
Here he comes.
Away they went.
— 车来了，小刘呢？
— 他在那呢。
__________________________________
__________________________________
[小试身手]
--- Here comes the bus! Where is Xiao Liu? --- There he is.
2. 以引导词there开头的句子，须使用倒装结构，除 there be 外还有there live / stand / lie / exist等。例如：
There are three books on the desk．
There lived an old fisherman near the sea.
There stands a tall building in the centre of the town.
3. so, neither, nor表示前面所述一件事也适合另一个人或物时。so用于肯定句, neither / nor 用于否定句。
Tom can speak French. So can Jack.
If you don’t go, neither will I.
注意：
当 so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定，意为“的确如此”时，不可用倒装结构。
Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.
--- It’s raining hard.
--- So it is.
--- Your father is very strict with you.
--- ____________ (的确如此). He never lets off a single mistake of ours.
[小试身手]
So he is
2) 但如果上文所述两件事也适合另一个人或物，就用 So it is / was with sb.或It is / was the same with sb.。
Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language. So it was with Engels.
4. 介词短语做地点状语放在句首时, 要使用倒装。
In the cottage lives a family of six.
Near the bridge was an old cottage.
In front of the house sat a little boy.
部分倒装句
1. 疑问句
a. Have you seen the film?
b. When are we going to drink to your happiness?
注意：如疑问词在句中做主语，则用自然语序。
c. Who is your sister?
d. What is our work?
2. so / such...that的so / such位于句首时
So loudly did the students read that
people could hear them out in the street.
b. So small were the words that he could hardly see them.
c. Such a famous man he is that everyone wants to take a photo with him.
3. 否定意义的副词或短语位于句首时，常见 的有：
in no way, not only…but also, never, little, rarely, seldom, hardly... When, no sooner … than, scarcely…when, in no case, not until (当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装)等。
Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.
Hardly?can?I?follow?you.
Seldom?do?I?visit?USA.
Never have I seen such a performance.
1. 她从来都没有看到过任何人打网球和 Robert 一样好的。
Never before has she seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.
2. 他离开家不久后才开始明白对他来说家庭有多重要。
Not until he left his home did he begin to know how important the family was for him.
[典型例题]
注意： 如否定词不在句首则不倒装。
I have never seen such a performance.
The mother didn’t leave the room until the child fell asleep.
4. 由as或though 引导的让步壮语从句
表语十as＋主语十系动词be；
动词原形＋as＋主语十助动词。例如：
Young as he is, he knows some of the
family.
Try as I might, I could not lift the stone.
注意：当单数名词位于句首时，名词前无冠词。
Child as he is, he knows good English.
Were I you, I would not do such a thing.
= If I were you, I would not do such a thing.
Would the machine break down again, send it back to us.
= If the machine would break down again, send it back to us.
5. 省略连词 if的条件副词分句
Had you worked harder, you would have passed.
= If you had worked harder, you would have passed.
6. 有些表示“感叹、祝愿”等语气的句子，也可使用倒装结构。
Isn’t it cold!
天气真冷！
May both be happy!
祝你们两位幸福！
May God bless you.
愿上帝赐福于你。 Long live the king!
国王万岁！
7. only 位于句首、强调句子的状语时
Only then did I fully understand what my father said.
Only when I left school did I realize how important study is.
注意:如果only强调的是句子主语时，句子不倒装。
Only he can help us.
[典型例题]
1. Only when he reached the tea-house _____________ (he, realize) it was the same place he’d been in last year.
2. Only after talking to two students _____________ (I, discover) that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.
did he realize
did I discover
8. 在“such + be+主语”的结构中
Such was the story he told me.
= The story he told me was such.
Such was what Peter spoke at the meeting.
=What Peter spoke at the meeting was such.
Rewrite these sentence using normal word order. (P 29)
1. I did not know how to use that recorder. Neither did he.
Neither he or I knew how to use that recorder.
2. Only then did I begin my work on designing a new bridge.
I only began my work on designing a new bridge then.
3. Not only was there a Christmas tree, but also exciting presents under it.
There was not only a Christmas tree but also exciting presents under it.
4. “Is everything ready yet?” asked Hu Xin to the photographer.
Hu Xin asked the photographer, “Is everything ready yet?”
Rewrite these sentences using inversion. First, find the phrase to begin with. Then change the word order of the sentence. Use the words or phrases underlined to rewrite these sentences. (P 29)
You will see so many seats only at a stadium in Beijing.
Only at a stadium in Beijing will you see so many seats.
2. I have seldom seen a situation which made me so angry.
Seldom have I seen a situation which made me so angry.
3. You will be able to write a good report only after you have acquired the information you need.
Only after you have acquired the information you need will you be able to write a good report.
4. He gave a lot of presents to his friends, but he has never given one to me.
Never has he given a present to me though he gave a lot (of presents) to his friends.
5. She is not only good at languages, but also at history and geography.
Not only is she good at language, but she is also good at history and geography.
6. I have never read such an exciting report before.
Never before have I read such an exciting report.
7. She took part in a horse riding competition, and did not miss a jump once.
Not once did she miss a jump when she took part in the horse riding competition.
Certain expressions can introduce an inverted
sentence. Now complete the following sentences
that begin with these expressions. (P 29)
Only after _________________ did ____________________________
__________.
2) Not once did ___________________ ______________________________ .
my operation
my neighbours come round to offer me support
you come to say you were sorry after breaking the vase
3. Seldom have I ___________________ _____________________________.
4. Only by doing ___________________ could ___________________________ _____ .
5. Only in a ____ can ________________ _________________________.
been so happy as when my son graduated from university
her exercise every day
Jane hope to run professionally again
film
people get hit and never seem to feel the pain
6. Not once did __________________ ________________________________ _______________________________ ________________.
Only then did __________________
______________.
Zhou Jie receive an admission notice to Beijing university, but he also won a scholarship to study in America.
she remember what her aunt told her
Complete the sentences.
1. Only with a proper key, __________________.
(你才能打开门)
can you open the door
2. Only when you’ve done your homework, ____________________________.
(你才可以去玩篮球)
may/can you go to play basketball
3. Only after he had done some reading, __________________________.
(他才去洗衣服)
did he go to do some washing
Translate the sentences using inversion.
三年前她很少考虑父母的感受。
2. 直到20世纪50年代人们才开始制造这种机器。
3. 我们班里的男同学不仅对篮球感兴趣,而且对足球也感兴趣。
Not only are the boys in our class interested
in basketball, but also they’re interested in
football.
Seldom did she consider how her parents felt three years ago.
Not until the 1950s did such machines begin to be made.
4. 一遇到她的朋友，李丽就开始抱怨自己的工作。
5. 只有通过努力工作，你才有望加薪。
6. 我永远不会忘记和父母在一起生活的那
些日子。
Hardly had she encountered her friends when Li Li started to complain about her work.
Only by working hard can you expect to get a pay raise.
Never shall I forget the days when I lived with my parents.