北师大版高中英语模块7 Unit 20 New Frontiers 话题语言应用---未来与人工智能

话题语言应用——未来与人工智能
语言积累
交际用语
阐明和提出问题（Clarifying and asking questions）
Could you explain...? 你能解释……？
What I don’t quite understand is how... 我不很明白的是怎么……
What I’m getting at is... 我的意思是……
Does that mean...? 那意味着……吗？
So what next? 那么下面是什么？
To put it another way, ... 换句话说，……
公开发言（Presenting）
Right, now let’s look at... 对，现在我们看看……
In conclusion, ... 总的来说，……
话题语句（1）
Predict the future (预测未来)
Cars will fly in the sky.
Robots will work for us or even take the place of our human beings.
We will travel to the moon or live there. Even to other planets.
Use our voice to give instructions to computers.
Produce a new type of clothing material that will remain stainless and never get old and worn.
No one will die of starvation and people will live in peace.
We may live for at least 150 years by the year 2030.
Human beings will be linking their brain to the computer, and a new type of human might have developed.
By the end of the century, we will find other places suitable for living.
Literature about the future (有关未来的文学作品)
science fiction 科学幻想小说 films/ movie 电影
video games 视频游戏 TV shows 电视节目
mystery stories 神秘故事
cartoons that include robots as characters 人物是机器人的动画片
Science fiction is often based on scientific principles and technology.
科学幻想小说经常以科学原理和技术为基础。
Science fiction may make predictions about life in the future.
科学幻想小说可能会对未来的生活做出预测。
话题语句（2）
Artificial Intelligence (人工智能)
About robots：
A robot is a machine designed to do jobs that are usually performed by humans. Robots are programmed and controlled by a computer. 机器人是被设计来做经常由人来做的工作的机器。机器人被计算机编上程序并加以控制。
What can intelligent robots do?
play/ write music 演奏音乐/作曲 pour tea 倒茶
sweep the floor 擦地 do the laundry 洗衣服
iron shirts 熨烫衬衫 do all the housework 做所有的家务
rescue work 救援工作 control cars and planes 控制汽车、飞机
help me with my homework 帮我写作业
have a real conversation with us 同我们进行真正的对话
serve/ take care of human 为人类服务/照顾人类（注意serve直接接宾语，不需加for）
accompany old people to shops 陪伴老人去商店
help people out of trouble 帮人们摆脱困难
explore dangerous places, like the sea and outer space
探测像大海和外部空间那样的危险的地方
prevent children from being harmed 防止孩子受伤害
The robot can be a teacher. It knows everything and remembers everything well.
机器人可以做老师，它知道一切，记得住一切。
The robot is clever enough to solve all kinds of problems.
机器人很聪明，能解决所有的问题。
Debate about robots 有关机器人的讨论：
1. If you had a robot, what would you like him to do? 如果你有个机器人，你想让他做什么？
2. Do you think robots can take the place of human? 你认为机器人能代替人类吗？
3. It is terrible that we can’t tell the difference between a real man and a robot.
我们分辨不出人和机器人会很可怕的。
4. Do you think it is possible for a robot to
have feelings?
think for itself?
have its own needs and desires?
look and feel like a human being?
你认为机器人可能有感情/自己思考/有自己的需求和欲望/看起来或感觉像人吗？
5. People will be relieved （解脱，免除）from doing household cleaning or cooking. Robots will be able to rebuild and decorate （装饰）the home and design and do gardening （整理花园）. People will be free to work or enjoy their leisure（悠闲）time.
话题语句（3）
Scientific Breakthroughs (科学突破)
Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein was considered the greatest scientist of the 20th century and one of the greatest of all time. His greatest discovery is the creation of his famous Theory of Relativity. He also discovered famous mathematical statement E=mc2 (energy equals mass times the speed of light squared). This statement or formula (公式) explained that a great amount of energy could come from a small piece of matter.
Edwin Hubble
American astronomer.
His most important discovery was made in the 1920s. In the late 19th century, Hubble’s study leads to the most important astronomical (天文学的) discovery of the twentieth century—the expanding universe. And he proved that nebulae (星云) were galaxies (银河系) themselves. Astronomers now agree that far distant galaxies do exist. To honor him, the first telescope was named after him—Hubble space telescope.
Today reflecting telescopes are still widely used by amateur (业余爱好者) and professionals astronomers for the same purpose as they have been used for centuries—to study the sky. Although today the principles of the reflecting telescope remain the same, the applications are far more advanced.
Light enters the telescope and strikes a concave (凹) primary (主要的) mirror, which acts like a lens (透镜) to focus the light. The bigger the mirror, the better the image.
Alexander Fleming
Scottish biochemist.
February 14, 1929 --- Fleming Discovers Penicillin.
Sir Alexander Fleming was a young bacteriologist when an accidental discovery led to one of the great developments of modern medicine.
John William Mauchly & J. Presper Eckert
John William Mauchly was an American physicist who, along with his student J. Presper Eckert designed ENIAC, the first commercial (商务的) computer made in the United States.
话题语句（4）
有用的句子-----试试你会了吗？
1. （尽管）他的发明具有令人难以置信的成效，（但是）弗莱明对此很谦逊。
Fleming _______ about the _________ of his discovery.
2. 但对于有些人而言，考虑有关未来的问题不仅仅是为了娱乐。
But for some people, _______ the future is not just _______.
3. 在接下去的几年里，计算机会变得更加便利。
______________, computers will become ______.
4. ……它的耗电量如此巨大，以至于它一开机，当地镇上的电灯都熄灭了。
...it used __________ that when it was turned on, the lights in the local town ______.
5. 由于中国太空计划的快速发展，这可能会提前而不会推迟完成。
______ China’s rapidly developing space programme, this could be __________later.
6. ……只要人们保持兴趣，我们将继续探索我们头顶的这个世界。
________ people remain interested, we will __________ the world overhead.
7. 到这个地区最大的镇——拉德洛镇，可能是最明智的。
____________ to base yourself in Ludlow, which is the biggest town in the district.
8. 它们是这一地区几十座城堡当中的一部分。
They are amongst the ________ castles in the area.
9. 我们将能够通过说几句话来下载任何文件，或者更新我们的电脑。
We will be able to ______ any file or ______ our computers just by saying a few words.
参考答案：
1. remained modest; amazing outcome (结果)
2. thinking about; for fun
3. In the next few years; handier (handy 手边的，就近的，便于利用的)
4. so much energy; went out (go out 出去，熄灭)
5. Due to; sooner rather than (rather than 而不是)
6. As/So long as (只要)；keep exploring (keep doing 继续/不停地做)
7. It is probably sensible (明智的，有知觉的)
8. scores of/ dozens of (几十，许多的，大量的)
9. download (下载)；update（更新）
写作运用
主题介绍类文章
本单元的写作内容是写主题介绍类文章，要求能够灵活运用适当的时态和连接词，并作出段落安排。
第一段：介绍话题。说明它为什么是重要的或有趣的。
第二段：介绍背景和历史。提供一些背景材料，例如：某事追溯到某个时期，……
第三段：描述现在。说明发生了什么，谁是最好的。
第四段：预测未来。说明事情在未来会怎么样。
第五段：进行总结。重述你的观点，强调某事的确是重要的。
常用句型
1．Since ..., people have always enjoyed...
2．By the beginning of the century, ...
3．The history of ... goes back...
4．The best... today are probably...
5．Recent developments in the field include...
6．In my opinion, there will be a return to...
7．Who knows what will happen in the future, but...
8．Many experts predict that...
9．If you continue to do..., you will...
10．In conclusion, ...
写作范文
Example 1
美国康州中学与你校是友好学校，对方校刊来信说想了解你校所开设选修课的情况。你作为学校记者站的小站长，根据康州中学的要求对学生进行了问卷调查，根据调查结果请你以Students Like Optional Courses为题，写一篇120词左右的英语报道。
课程门类：音乐、美术、体育、文学、计算机等十余种
上课时间：每周五下午3:30～5:00
上课方式：同一门课同一间教室；集体学习
最受欢迎的课：计算机、英语口语、美术等
对课程的看法：1.有利于自己的特长发展，十分感兴趣；2．学到很多课外知识；
3．有大量的实践机会。
建议：1.增加选修课；2.减少作业量；3.多组织参观，了解社会。
参考词汇：选修课optional courses
参考范文：
Students Like Optional Courses
This term our school has offered more than 10 optional courses, such as music, arts, PE, literature and computer. Students can choose what they are interested in according to their tastes. The students who study the same subject study in the same classroom. The courses are given from 3:30 to 5:00 every Friday afternoon.
Students think highly of the measures taken by school, and their favorite courses are computer, spoken English, arts and so on. They say it is useful to develop their specialities and that they have learned a lot that they cannot learn in textbooks and they have got a great deal of practice. However, students are not quite satisfied. They hope more optional courses will be offered while their homework should be less. They suggest that more trips and visits be organized so that they can learn more about what is going on outside school.
Example 2
最近几年，我国出现了多起煤矿事故，损失很大，很多工人因此失去生命。现在，请你以一个中学生的身份，设想一种机器人，代替工人在井下作业。根据上面内容写一篇短文。词数120左右。
参考范文：
In the last few years, there have been several mine accidents. Many workers lost their lives. We can design a kind of robot. It will work in the mine instead of workers. We call it Robot Rat. It is fitted with a computer, long legs and long arms. It can push, pull, lift and turn. It can be controlled by the workers above the mine.
It can work for a long time without being tired. Above all, it is fixed with the advanced sensors (传感器). They can find the gas or the water leak and flee earlier. In case an accident happens, no person will be injured, or even killed.
Example 3
根据以下内容写一篇发言稿，在新闻发布会上向大家推荐你公司的这一款新产品。
目前，照顾老人成了一个突出的社会问题。你公司顺应社会需求，适时推出了家用机器人。该机器人的主要功能有：
1. 可以在固定时间做饭，时间根据个人需要可以调整；
2. 可以陪老人聊天、下棋、做运动等；
3. 及时处理突发事件，例如在老人突然病倒时及时拨打呼救电话等。
参考范文
Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending our company’s news conference. As you know, with the development of economy, people have to face various pressures. They don’t have enough time to attend to the old people in their families, which has become a prominent (突出的) social problem. Our company put out a household robot, which is designed to take care of old people. It can cook meals at a fixed time which can be adjusted according to individual needs. It can also accompany old people in having a chat, playing chess, and taking exercise. Moreover, it can deal with emergencies. For example, if an old man falls ill suddenly, the robot will call doctors for help.
It would be a great help to you if you own such a robot.
巩固练习
一、单项选择
1. She didn’t _______ to marry a rich man, though it could make her live a better life.
A. advise B. desire C. refuse D. allow
2. One’s life has value _______ one brings value to the life of others.
A. so that B. no matter how C. as long as D. except that
3. Everyone has to take further study, or he will be left ______ as the knowledge and information are being _______ quickly.
A. behind; updated B. after; updating C. last; updated D. behind; to update
4. In industrialization it is important to prevent pollution. _______ important is to take measures to check the rise in price.
A. Equally B. Generally C. Similarly D. Namely
5. I never expected the shoes_____. What can I do now?
A. wearing out B. to be worn out C. to have worn out D. being worn out
6. Tom is ______ fun that we all like him.
A. such a great B. such great a C. so great a D. such great
7. The film, ______ true story of this Red Army general, attracted people’s interest all over the world.
A. is based on B. is on the base of C. which is the base of D. based on
8. No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it’s better ____ silent.
A. remain B. be remaining C. having remained D. to remain
9. —Why is she always working so hard?
—She _______ a high income to support her big family.
A. desires B. hopes C. wishes D. longs
10. It’s _____ of you to get rid of the bad friends.
A. sensible B. sense C. sensitive D. sensed
11. He always devotes his time to helping children with their studies rather than ______ games on computer.
A. play B. to play C. plays D. playing
12. Shortly after the accident, two ______ police were sent to the spot to keep order.
A. dozens of B. dozens C. dozen of D. dozen
13. They spent ______ money on the new hospital.
A. a great deal B. a good deal of C. a great many D. a large number of
14. Most businessmen are more interested in the ________ success of their products than their educational values.
A．commercial B．cultural C．classical D．criminal
15. He ______ me a chance to do the experiment once again.
A. offered B. provided C. lent D. supplied
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～20各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
After spending a weekend away with my adult son I was so impressed by his generous heart that I sent him this letter．
Dear son，
I want to thank you for teaching me a very 16 lesson in life by the great example you 17 ．When we were eating at that café in Bondi and a person who had 18 his hamburger didn’t have enough money to pay for it，without any 19 ，you went over and put the 20 $2 into his hand．
When we were leaving，you 21 threw a five-cent coin onto the pavement and said 22 like，“Some kid will really enjoy 23 this.”
Last week，a young man 24 me in the line at a petrol station didn’t have 25 money to pay for his petrol．I asked the money collector．“How much 26 is he?” She told me he had meant to put $15 of petrol in his car 27 he had been looking at the wrong gauge(计量表) and had put in 15 28 ，which came to just over 29 ．That is an easy mistake 30 both gauges ran fast．
Something made me think of you and 31 you did that night at the café in Bondi．I handed the man $6．He was so 32 and said，“But why would you do this for me?” I just smiled as I thought of you．
Thank you，son，for teaching me that “it’s 33 to give than receive”．Now when I see a five-cent coin on the 34 and want to pick it up，I think of you and leave it 35 ，just in case some kid will get a kick out of finding it．
Love always，Mum．
16．A．humorous B．private C．reasonable D．valuable
17．A．followed B．gave C．set D．took
18．A．ordered B．booked C．offered D．bought
19．A．hesitation B．doubt C．permission D．difficulty
20．A．her B．last C．extra D．rest
21．A．again B．already C．only D．also
22．A．nothing B．everything C．anything D．something
23．A．finding B．accepting C．looking for D．pointing at
24．A．behind B．beyond C．ahead of D．next to
25．A．much B．some C．any D．enough
26．A．far B．long C．short D．high
27．A．and B．but C．so D．while
28．A．1itres B．kilograms C．pounds D．kilometres
29．A．$15 B．$20 C．$25 D．$30
30．A．until B．as C．although D．unless
31．A．what B．which C．whatever D．whichever
32．A．excited B．surprised C．interested D．encouraged
33．A．easier B．better C．faster D．worse
34．A．corner B．way C．ground D．carpet
35．A．there B．here C．out D．around
三、阅读理解
阅读短文，从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳答案。
Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers. Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.
Recently, two researchers, Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic School in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated (展示)a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person’s thoughts.
In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand. He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.
“Our brain has billions of nerve cells. These send signals through the spinal cord (脊髓) to the muscles to give us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles,” Tavella says.“Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.”
The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp (头皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from t he brain.
Prof. Millan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands.“The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devices. One example is this wheelchair.”
He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from. And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.
36. BCI is a technology that can ______.
A. help to update computer systems B. link the human brain with computers
C. help the disabled to recover D. control a person’s thoughts
37. How did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory?
A. By controlling his muscles. B. By talking to the machine.
C. By moving his hand. D. By using his mind.
38. Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?
A. scalp→computer→cap→wheelchair B. computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair
C. scalp→cap→computer→wheelchair D. cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair
39. The team will test with real patients to ______.
A. make profits from them B. prove the technology useful to them
C. make them live longer D. learn about their physical condition
40. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A. Switzerland, the BCI Research Center
B. New Findings About How the Human Brain Works
C. BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled
D. Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在标有1～10的空格处填入适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
（1）
My deskmate admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel __1 (encourage) by his compliments.
One day, __2_ we learned the new word “eccentric” in class, we 3 (ask) to make a sentence with it. I volunteered to do it by saying “My deskmate is an eccentric boy __4 clothes never fit him.” Hearing this, the whole class burst into 5 (laugh) and my deskmate’s face turned red. 6 class, I learned from the teacher that my deskmate7(drop) out of school if he hadn’t been helped by others. My mindless words must 8 (hurt) him deeply.
Not until then did I realize words could be powerful in 9 positive and negative ways. We should avoid hurting others if we can’t always 10 (encourage) when we speak.
（2）
No body language can be more attractive than smiling. Not only can a beautiful smile make__1 (us) happy, but also it enables others to feel __2 (delight).3 a smile is so powerful that it gives people 4 (suffer) from disasters great courage.
A little boy 5 (name) Lang Zheng, for instance, impressed and encouraged a great many people 6 a serious earthquake happened in Wen Chuan. Right after he 7 (rescue) by the soldiers from the ruins, he saluted and smiled to them. His smile was like sunshine which warmed people who were in 8 (sad).
It is safe to say that without smile our life 9 (be)colorless and difficult. It is suggested that we 10 (smile) as much as possible.
五、书面表达
最近，有人建议在中小学增加京剧为必修内容，对此大家反应不一，学校英语杂志社组织了一次征文活动。假设你是五班的一名学生，下面是同学们在讨论中的两种不同看法。请你用英语写一篇应征稿：将同学们的意见反映出来，并表达自己的看法。词数：150左右。
赞成
反对
你的看法
(至少两条)
1.历史悠久，传统文化含量高，有助于弘扬中国文化。
2.是多种艺术的综合，表现形式高雅，有助于发展审美能力。
1.学生应有一些自主选择学习内容的自由，强制实行会损坏；他们的学习兴趣。
2.中国传统戏剧品种多样，各地地方传统戏同样可用来传递传统文化。
……
参考词汇：……的综合：a synthesis of；审美能力：aesthetic ability
答案与解析
一、单项选择
1. B。句意：她不想嫁给富人，虽然那可以让她过上好日子。desire 渴望，想要；advise 劝说；refuse 拒绝；allow 允许。
2. C。考查状语从句。A项意为“目的是为了,结果”;B项意为“不论如何,无论怎样”;C项意为“只要”;D项意为“除了……”。句意:一个人只要给别人的生活带来价值,那这个人活得也就有价值。
3. A。句意:每个人都需要继续学习,否则会被落在后面,因为知识和信息更新很快。leave sb. behind“把……落在后面”。
4. A。句意:在工业化的过程中,阻止污染是很重要的;而同等重要的是要采取措施阻止物价的上涨。equally此处表示“同等地”,用于修饰important。generally“一般说来”;similarly“类似地”;namely“也就是说,即”。
5. B。expect意为“预料，想到”，常形成expect sb./sth. to do结构，因为shoes与wear out为被动关系，所以作为宾语补足语的不定式要用被动形式。该句的含义是“我没想到这双鞋会穿破”。
6. D。fun是不可数名词，即使前面有各种形容词，也不加a或an，也不用复数。在此句中fun指“有趣的人”。fun也可指“有趣的事”。
7. D。分析句子可知，主语The film已有谓语attracted，而要填的部分作非限制性定语，补充说明The film，所以用过去分词作定语，相当于which is based on...。
8. D。考查非谓语动词。when在此处引导定语从句修饰times，在when引导的从句中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to remain silent，表示“有时保持沉默更好”。
9. A。句意：——她为什么总是如此努力地工作？——因为她需要一份高收入来养活她的大家庭。hope, wish与long均为不及物动词，接某物时要加介词for；wish表示“祝愿”时可接sth.，但不合题意；desire此处相当于want，表示“想要得到”。
10. A。句意：远离坏朋友是明智之举。sensible 明智的；sensitive 敏感的；sense是名词或动词，表示“感官，感觉，发觉”。
11. D。rather than用于连接两个并列成分，并列成分的形式常相同，than后的不定式常省略to。在此句中并列成分为helping和要填的play，所以play要用-ing形式。
12. D。dozen(一打) 和score(二十)与具体数字连用时，不用复数，如two dozen eggs（两打鸡蛋）；如果用来虚指时，用复数形式，再加上介词of，表示“许多，大量的”，如dozens of pencils (几十支铅笔)，scores of tame birds (几十只家禽)。
13. B。money是不可数名词，要用a good deal of修饰，a great many和a large number of只修饰可数名词复数；a great deal用于修饰形容词的比较级或动词。
14. A。commercial“商业的”，商人们追求商品的商业利益这是常识。cultural“文化的”；classical“古典的；经典的”，criminal“犯罪的；刑事的”。
15. A。句意：他给我提供了一个再做一次实验的机会。offer sb. sth.相当于offer sth. to sb.，意为“给某人提供某物”；而provide用于provide sb. with sth.结构；lend 借出；supply 供应。
二、完形填空
16．D。valuable有价值的；humorous幽默的；private私人的；reasonable合理的。儿子的举动给母亲上了一堂有价值的一课。其他三项不合文意。
17．C。set sb. a great example给某人树立好榜样。
18．A。order在此意为“点(饭菜等)”。book预订；offer提供；buy购买，均不合文意。
19．A。儿子看到别人有困难，毫不犹豫地伸手相助，而不是毫不怀疑(without doubt)，未经允许(without permission)，毫不费劲(without difficulty)。
20．C。此处应理解为：顾客点的汉堡包的价格超出了顾客身上的钱。所以儿子走过去，把另外2美元放在他手里。extra“额外的，外加的”，符合文意。
21．D。also表示语气的递增，儿子不仅给顾客付费，还把一枚5分钱的硬币扔在路上。
22．D。儿子一边扔硬币，一边嘴里说一些诸如……之类的话。something like意为“诸如……的”。
23．A。高兴地发现地上有钱。文章最后一句有提示。
24．C。在加油站加油时，排在“我”前面的小伙子身上的钱不够。behind后面的；beyond那边的；next to隔壁的，均不合常理。
25．D。表示钱不够，不是不多或分文没有，much和any不合文意；some在此不用于否定句。
26．C。句意：他差多少钱?词组be short of意为“短缺”。
27．B。他本来是想加15美元的汽油，但看错表了，加了15升汽油。上下文形成明显的转折关系。
28．A。根据常识，选出汽油的度量单位。litre “升”。
29．B。15升汽油的价格是20美元，根据上文15美元和下文作者递给年轻人6美元可知。
30．B。因为计量表跑得快，所以错误难免。上下文为因果关系。
31．A。“我”这时想起了儿子和儿子当时所说的话，语境中没有选择关系和“无论”的含义。which，whichever，whatever不能选。
32．B。根据下面年轻人的问话可知他感到惊讶。
33．B。原句可改写为“To give is better than receive.”。
34．C。ground“地上”，与上文第21空后的pavement“人行道”相呼应。
35．A。“我”不捡起地上的钱，让它待在那儿，希望别的小孩从中得到乐趣。get a kick out of意为“从……中得到极大快乐”。
三、阅读理解
36. B。细节理解题。根据第一段可知,自20世纪70年代以来,科学家一直寻找途径能将人脑与电脑相连。BCI技术能帮助残疾人向机器发送指令。故此处B项正确。而C项只是部分正确,虽然能帮助残疾人,但却不能帮他们康复。
37. D。细节理解题。根据第三段可知Tavella只是思考移动他的左右手就能操作这个轮椅。甚至当他观察这台机器时就能进行交流,也能用他的思想指导机器人工作。因此机器人是在人脑的思想支配下进行工作的。故D项正确。
38. C。细节理解题。根据第五段可知,首先研究人员为用户设计一种特殊的帽子,它会捕捉头皮发出的信号并将其传给电脑。电脑将这些信号进行分析翻译,给监控下的机器人轮椅发出指令。机器人轮椅装有两部摄像头能识别信号路径中的物体,从而帮助电脑对人脑的指令作出反应。故此处C项正确。
39. B。推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from.”可知,在患者身上进行实验是他们团队工作的一个目标, 旨在证明这项技术对他们有益。故正确答案选B项。
40. C。主旨大意题。本文为科技说明文,开篇点题。介绍科学家研究的这项新技术BCI,对残疾人大有裨益。故正确答案为C项。
四、语法填空
(1)
1.encouraged。由下文by…可知，“我”感觉“受到了鼓舞”，用过去分词作表语，表示与逻辑主语I的被动关系。
2.when。当我们学习生词“eccentric”时，我们被要求用这个词造句。
3.were asked。见上题。
4.whose。whose代替所修饰词boy在定语从句中作定语，指“男孩儿”的。
5.laughter。burst into laughter 突然大笑起来。
6.After。after school 放学后。
7.would have dropped。从下文“if he hadn’t been helped by others.”可知，此句用了与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以用would have dropped。
8.have hurt。musthave hurt表示对过去发生的事的推测，表示“一定”做过……。
9.both。both… and表示“两者都”。
10.be encouraging。always与进行时连用时，表示一定的感彩，如赞赏、厌烦等。
(2)
1.ourselves。美丽的微笑不仅使发出微笑的人“自己”感到高兴，也能够使别人感觉愉快。
2.delighted。用过去分词作表语，表示人的感觉。
3.Sometimes。具体描述了微笑的威力，但是这个现象不总是如此，因此用sometimes。
4.suffering。动词suffer (遭受)与其所修饰词people是主动关系，所以用动词-ing形式。句意：有时微笑是如此的有力量以至于它会给遭受灾难的人们巨大的勇气。
5.named。name与其所修饰词是被动关系，用过去分词，表示“被叫作”Lang Zheng的男孩。
6.when。引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”。
7.was rescued。表示“得救”，用被动语态。
8.sadness。介词后要接名词或代词作宾语，所以用sad的名词sadness。
9.would be。从without smile可知，say的宾语从句是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，所以用would be，without smile相当于虚拟条件句，表示“如果没有微笑的话”。
10.should smile/smile。句型It is suggested that…中that引导的虚拟语气常接“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略。
五、书面表达
Dear editor,
Recently, it has been suggested to add Peking Opera as a compulsory course in primary and secondary schools. Different people have different opinions on it. My classmates held a discussion on it the other day.
According to the discussion, there are two different opinions. Some students support the project wholeheartedly. They think Peking Opera can help promote Chinese culture because it has a long history and is rich in traditional culture. Besides, Peking Opera is a synthesis of different arts and has an elegant form of expression, which can help develop students’ aesthetic ability.
Others hold a different opinion. They think students should have some freedom to choose what to learn. If they are forced to learn, their learning interest can be damaged. They also argue that there are many local operas all over China. Different local operas can be taught in different areas to pass down Chinese traditional culture.
I share the view of the second group. Besides their reasons, I also worry whether there are enough qualified teachers for the task. In addition, we have so many traditional arts in history that it’s impossible to learn them all in the classroom.
Yours sincerely,
A student from Class 5