北师大版高中英语模块7 Unit 21 Human Biology 话题语言应用---人类生物学

话题语言应用——人类生物学
语言积累
交际用语
征求建议（Asking for advice）
What tips have you got for...? 有关……，你有什么窍门吗？
What can you suggest? 你有什么建议吗？
May I have the advice of yours? 我可以听听你的建议吗？
Will you please give some advice? 能请你给点建议吗？
What’s your suggestion, please? 请问你有什么建议吗？
提供建议（Giving advice）
I think you should... 我认为你应该……
It’s important to plan... 计划……很重要。
Why not do...? 为什么不做……？
You mustn’t... 你一定不……
If I were you, ... 如果我是你，……
You’d better do... 你最好做……
Have you considered doing...? 你考虑过做……？
话题语句（1）
身体部位名称
ankle 踝，踝关节 wrist 腕关节，腕 knee 膝盖 finger 手指
brain大脑 heart 心脏 kidney 肾脏 liver 肝脏
lungs 肺 stomach 胃，腹部 spine 脊柱 ribs 肋
bone 骨头 muscle 肌肉 skin 皮肤 pulse 脉搏
immune system 免疫系统
描述生活健康的词语
cigarette smoking 吸烟 drinking alcohol 饮酒 drug abuse 吸毒、滥用药物
doping 使用兴奋剂 Gene-therapy基因疗法
diet 节食，保健食谱 protein 蛋白质 calcium 钙
mineral 矿物质 carbohydrate 碳水化合物 vitamin 维生素
fibre 纤维
stress 压力 anxiety 焦虑 obesity 过胖
a balanced diet 平衡饮食 fresh fruit and vegetables 新鲜水果蔬菜
proper activities 合理的活动 quit smoking/alcohol 戒烟/酒
keep a good mind 保持好的心态 physical fitness 健美
cancer 癌症 AIDS 艾滋病 infection 感染
flu 流感 heart disease 心脏病 stomachache 胃疼
epidemics 流行病 the Black Death 黑死病 Bird Flu 禽流感
the Great Flu (the Spanish Flu) 西班牙大流感 the SARS
withdrawal 戒毒，断瘾 needle 针（头） pill/ tablet 药片（丸）
cure disease 治愈疾病
人体重要器官描述
brain --- This organ weighs about a kilo and is made up of two sides. It is like a super computer that processes information.
stomach --- This organ is like a bag which receives everything you eat. It digests your food and sends vitamins and minerals into the blood.
heart --- This organ beats at regular intervals 100,000 times a day. With each beat, it circulates 80 ml of blood through the body—that’s 8,000 litres of blood per day! It pumps blood into the lungs, where it receives oxygen before being pumped around the rest of the body.
eyes ---- These organs are very delicate. There are two in a body and they have delicate lids which protect them. Light enters and reaches special light sensitive cells. These work like a camera and finally send signals to the brain.
lungs ---- These organs absorb oxygen and get rid of carbon dioxide. They are found on either side of the heart. They receive air as a result of breathing and when blood passes through, they give it oxygen.
How can we avoid pre-exam nerves and panic? 如何避免考前紧张和恐惧？
How can we keep our brains in perfect condition so we’re on top form for exams?
Plan your revision---- make a list; work out a timetable; work out priorities (优先考虑的事)
Get some exercise----take a walk; go for a jog; get some fresh air
Motivate (激发) yourself----relax; give yourself rewards; give yourself a break
Get the mind off exams
Shouldn’t drink much coffee
话题语句（2）
What is Gene-therapy? 什么是基因疗法？
For medical purposes, scientists have found ways to build muscle and increase strength by changing genes.
Gene-therapy is very controversial. Many people oppose further research into it.
It would contradict the whole spirit of sport.
补充：The Olympic spirit emphasises taking part rather than winning.
Life is a process. Getting result is important, but the process in doing it means more, as good results bring joy, but the process makes life rich.
About doping
What is most people’s attitude towards doping? 大多数人对兴奋剂的态度是什么？
Negative. 否定的。(positive 积极的；neutral 中立的)
Doping is originally developed to help people with illness.
But in the wrong hands, doping creates supreme (极度的) athletes.
It also causes serious health problems for those who abuse them.
The sports world doesn’t tolerate doping as it is a form of cheating.
It’s not easy to catch using illegal drugs because —
it’s compulsory for winners to be tested.
new drugs are developed all the time.
drug tests are one step behind.
话题语句（3）
Some athletes related 相关运动员
Ben Johnson born in Jamaica, is a Canadian former athlete, winning two Olympic Bronze medals, and an Olympic Gold. He set 100-meter world records at the 1987 World Championships in Athletics and the 1988 Summer Olympics, but he was disqualified for doping, losing the Olympic title and both records.
Maurice Greene, now retired, is an American former 100-meter athlete, who holds several world records and Olympic medals. He was a former world record holder for the 100 meters, with a time of 9.79 seconds.
Marion Jones is an American former world champion track and field athlete. She won five medals at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, but has lost all medals and prizes after admitting that she took performance-enhancing drugs. She announced her retirement from track and field on October 5, 2007.
Floyd Landis is an American cyclist, from California. He is an all-around (全面的) rider, with special skills in climbing and time-trialing (计时赛). He won the 2006 Tour de France In 2006. He was stripped（夺去）of his Tour de France victory and fired from the Phonak team after a drug-control test. He has received a two-year ban for doping.
Florence Griffith was an American track and field athlete. She was born in Los Angeles. During the late 1980s she became a popular figure in international track and field due to her record-setting performances and flashy (浮华的) personal style. She holds the world records in the 100 m and 200 m races.
话题语句（4）
有用的句子-----试试你会了吗？
1. 班上的每个人都静静地坐了30秒。
Everybody in the class sits _______ for 30 seconds.
2. 你多长时间进行一次体育锻炼，足以使你上气不接下气？
How often do you __________, enough to make you ________?
3. 如果当代的许多业余运动员参加了第一届奥运会，他们会打破许多世界纪录的。
Many _______ amateur athletes _______ world records if they _______ part in the first Olympic Games.
4. 当我们谈到打破纪录时，我们会遇到能提高成绩的药物的问题。
When we talk about breaking records, we ____________ ________ drugs.
5. ……它是每一项运动的组成部分，在这些运动中，运动员追求超越自身的极限，并随时准备靠服用兴奋剂来进行舞弊。
...it is part of every sport where athletes _______ achieve _______their natural limits and __________ to cheat to do so.
6. 科学家们已经绘制出了大脑的不同区域，这些区域分别承担不同的功能。
Scientists have mapped different areas of the brain which __________ different functions.
7. 大脑中与控制视力和听力有关的区域可以比喻成小型的电影制片厂。
The areas of the brain _________ controlling _______ and hearing could be __________ miniature film studios.
8. 在整个欧洲、亚洲、非洲和中东地区的城区里，多达一半的人口死于黑死病。
In urban areas all over Europe, Asia, Africa and the Middle East, _____ one half of the _______ was lost to the Black Death.
9. ……这是我第一次折断腿。
...this is the first time ________ my leg.
10. 传统中医终于获得了应有的机会，来帮助创造一个更加健康的世界。
Traditional Chinese Medicine is finally getting the chance it _________ to help create a healthier world.
参考答案：
1. in silence (意为“沉默地”。in表示“处于某状态”，加名词构成短语)
2. do physical exercise; out of breath
3. contemporary; would have broken; had taken
4. come across（偶遇，被理解）；the issue (议题) of performance-enhancing (提高成绩的)
5. seek (寻求) to; beyond (超出); are prepared (准备好)
6. are responsible for (对……负责)
7. related to (与……有联系的); compared to (被比作……的)
8. up to (多达); population（表“人口”时，是集体名词，一般用作单数；表具体的某些“居民”时，可以用复数）
9. I’ve broken (the first/ second/ third times... 后常接定语从句，从句的谓语常用完成时)
10. deserves (应得，应受到)
写作运用
议论文（A discursive essay）
议论文是一种通过议论来表达自己的观点、立场和看法的文体。议论文有三要素，即论点、论据和论证。议论文的结构一般包括以下三部分：
1．开头提出议题，即提出论点。议题的提出要开门见山，不要拖泥带水，并且开头句多是主题句。
2．议论时要有充分的论据，作者可以列举事实、展示数据、提供事例、借助常识或利用亲身经历来论证议题。正文部分是写作的重点，论证方法可用归纳法、推理法、比较法等。
3．在结论部分发表作者自己的观点。
写作时应注意：
1．议论文的一般结构方式是：提出问题、分析问题、解决问题。
2．英语议论文时态较为统一，多用现在时；强调语言表达的客观性；尽可能指明信息来源等。
3．常用虚拟语气、让步状语从句和情态动词can, could, may, might, would, should等。
4．常用although, though, in spite of (尽管), despite (尽管), however, on the other hand, also, moreover (再者), finally等过渡词。
常用句型
1．表示顺序：First/Firstly, Second/Secondly, Then, Next, After that, Afterwards, Last / Lastly/ Finally ...
2．Some people believe/argue/recognize/think that ...
3．Everyone knows that ...
4．It seems obvious to me that ...
5．People hold different views/ideas about ...
6．As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea ...
7．给出结论：In my opinion/view, as far as I know, in conclusion, in short, at last, in other words ...
写作范文
Example 1
某英文报社正在进行题为“居住在城市的利与弊”的有关征文。请根据下面提示，给该报社写一篇征文。词数100左右。
利
弊
找工作容易，购物方便
生活消费高
交通便利
人口多，拥挤
有公园、饭店等休闲场所
空气污染严重、居住环境差
参考范文：
Advantages and Disadvantages of Living in a City
Living in a city has both advantages and disadvantages. For example, there are much more job opportunities, and with many choices of public transport available, it’s more convenient to travel. Besides, there are a lot of places for entertainment. You can eat in good restaurants, visit museums, watch movies and go to parks whenever you want to relax. However, living in a city is often very expensive. You must find a well-paid job, or you will not be able to afford the expenses. What’s more, the city is always crowded, noisy and dirty. It is very difficult to find a good place where people can enjoy peace and fresh air as in the countryside.
写作提示：
1. 优劣对比类议论文是对于某个观点、优点和缺点的比较性陈述，具有鲜明的对比性。
2. 写作时注意优点和缺点的不同表达，以及对立双方之间过渡词语的准确应用。
Example 2
你班将组队参加学校组织的集体舞比赛(group dancing competition)，班长希望大家积极参加，对此谈谈你的想法。
你的文章必须包括以下内容：
·你是否会参加比赛
·你做出该决定的具体理由
参考范文
As is known to us all, there will be a group dancing competition in our school next month. Of course, our class will not miss it. Our monitor called on all of us to take an active part in it.
Personally thinking, a group dance is quite a good form of entertainment as well as exercise, which brings us not only mental benefits but physical ones. Besides, doing a group dance calls for teamwork, one of the qualities we will need for our future careers. Thirdly, by practising it, our classmates can develop a better relationship between each other, helping each other and encouraging each other. Last but not the least, this is a good chance for us to win honour for our class.
For all the reasons above, I have decided to join in it. I want to prove to be an honour to the class.
Example 3
目前染发是年轻人的时尚，究竟中学生应不应该染发呢？请你写一篇120词左右的短文发表自己的看法。内容包括：
1. 描述很多中学生学年轻人染发(color the hair)的现象；
2. 对染发的两种不同的观点和理由；
3. 你的观点。
支持
作为21世纪的年轻人，应该跟得上时尚(follow the fashion)。
染发能让他们更漂亮。
可以凸显个性(highlight one’s flaunting of personality)。
反对
中国人本来就是黑发，为什么要改变？
外国有很多值得我们学的东西，但不能盲目祟外(worship foreign things blindly)。
参考范文
Nowadays many young people color their hair, and a lot of middle school students also follow the fashion.
Can we students color our hair? There are different opinions about it. Some think, as a member of the 21st century, they should follow the fashion. And coloring hair can also make them look cuter. What’s more, that can highlight their flaunting of personality. However, others think it is wrong. They think our Chinese have black hair, and why do we change it？We can learn many things from foreigners, but we shouldn’t worship them blindly.
In my opinion, though everyone has a right to love beauty, we have many other ways to pursue beauty, and studying is our main task, so we should try to concentrate on it.
巩固练习
一、单项选择
1. Ten years ago, John and Tom ______ at the entrance to this restaurant; John went to the west to ______ his fortune while Tom stayed.
A．parted; seek B．separated; hunt C．departed; seek D．divided; found out
2. They must have been enjoying themselves there, otherwise they ______ so long.
A．can’t have stayed B．wouldn’t have stayed C．needn’t have stayed D．couldn’t stay
3. It is good for safety driving to keep a proper ___________ between vehicles.
A. interval B. circulation C. equality D. technology
4. Some old people don’t like pop songs because they can’t ________ so much noise.
A. concern B. tolerate C. undertake D. ignore
5. Our members are definitely ______ this point on the safety question.
A. devoted to B. used to C. opposed to D. objected to
6. Although she failed, I know she made her ______ efforts.
A. most B. best C. supreme D. super
7. A new law ________ the whole nation has been passed.
A．benefited B．benefiting C．benefit from D．benefited from
8. The thief insisted that he was innocent, but the eyewitness ________ his words.
A．supported B．contradicted C．contributed D．violated
9. Anyone ________ in exams will have no right to ________ the rest of exams that day.
A．caught cheating; take part in B．caught cheating; join
C．catch cheating; join D．catch cheating; take part in
10. You have worked hard all week so you ________ a good rest.
A．reserve B．deserve C．preserve D．observe
11. You’d better not go there. On the one hand, it is too late; ________，it is raining.
A．on the contrary B．on the other hand C．in the other hand D．on the other hands
12. Once you have become _______ to cigarette smoking or alcohol, it is hard to _______it even though you try hard.
A. used; get away with B. addicted; get rid of
C. adapted; get down to D. accustomed; get off
13. The UN has already _______ the use of chemical weapons during warfare, since they are too destructive.
A. approved B. allowed C. banned D. protected
14. _______the fact that there was great prejudice against women entering men’s profession then, she succeeded as a manager of a big company.
A. While B. In spite of C. Despite of D. As
15. People under a lot of ______ may experience headaches, minor pains and sleeping difficulties.
A. force B. stress C. power D. strength
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～20各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
My son was badly hurt in a fire. After he __1__ from a series of treatments, the doctors told him they would not do any operation for six months __2__ it took long for the skin to stop shrinking (收缩). So, he had to return to college with a visible 10-inch __3__on his face.
I said to my son, “Keaton，__4__ will pay any more attention to your scar __5__ you do. If it does not bother you, it will not bother __6__.” He took my advice to heart and returned to school with his head __7__ high—glad he was alive.
__8__, everyone has scars and shortcomings. Some of you may spend much time thinking that people would like you better __9__ you looked different, or dressed differently, or could have a different and newer __10__ .
But you see, like Keaton’s scar, people will only judge you by your looks, or your __11__， or your car, if you are judging yourself by these same false __12__.
One of my friends in college was very __13__. At first, when people met him, they noticed his __14__ for about 10 seconds. This man felt __15__ about himself and spent most of his time __16__ about other people’s comfort and welfare. __17__, people ignored his looks. What people __18__ was his kindness and his concern for them. He didn’t act in an ugly way so people didn’t treat him as an ugly man.
Therefore, concentrate on what you value __19__ yourself, because if you can see that beautiful person, everyone you are in contact with will see the same __20__.
1．A. cured B. recovered C. improved D. returned
2．A. because B. though C. until D. before
3．A. cut B. wound C. injure D. scar
4．A. no one B. anyone C. everyone D. someone
5．A. as B. like C. than D. when
6．A. another B. others C. all D. us
7．A. put B. held C. taken D. hung
8．A. After all B. In conclusion C. In fact D. Above all
9．A. as long as B. if C. even if D. as if
10．A. house B. telephone C. job D. car
11．A. clothes B. hairstyle C. figure D. salary
12．A. means B. standards C. comments D. rules
13．A. smart B. optimistic C. rude D. ugly
14．A. manners B. expressions C. looks D. actions
15．A. lucky B. worried C. good D. sad
16．A. inquiring B. asking C. knowing D. caring
17．A. Completely B. Gradually C. Obviously D. Suddenly
18．A. wanted B. understood C. brought D. saw
19．A. within B. beyond C. except D. above
20．A. kindness B. concern C. beauty D. perfection
三、阅读理解
阅读短文，从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳答案。
On January 1, 2008 scientists in central China’s Henan Province announced that they had unearthed fossils(化石)of the heaviest dinosaur in Asia.
The fossils were discovered in an area between Santun township and Liudian township in Ruyang county, and the dinosaur, which has an unusually large body, has been identified as Asia’s heaviest，said Wu Guochang, general engineer of the Provincial Land Resources Department.
The dinosaur measures 18 meters long and its sacrum(骶骨) is as broad as 1.31 meters，making it broader than that of the dinosaur fossil unearthed in Gansu last year, which was then identified as Asia’s heaviest dinosaur, said Wu.
Wu said scientists had thought the land where the fossils were dug up was formed in the Cenozoic Era(新生代), which dates back 65 million years, and that the former existence of dinosaurs was not possible, but local residents kept on digging up what they called dragon’s bones to use as traditional Chinese medicine.
Scientists studied the “dragon’s bones” and identified them as fossils of dinosaurs that lived between 85 to 100 million years ago in the Cretaceous Period (白垩期)of the Mesozoic Era.
Scientists from the Henan Provincial Geological Museum and the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences spent two years unearthing and researching the fossils and their findings have been assessed by 30 scientists from China and the United States, Britain, Germany and Japan，Wu said.
The discovery is very important for research into the geological distribution, migration and evolvement (进化) of this particular species of dinosaur, said Dong Zhiming, a scientist from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology(古生物学) under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xinhua reported.
1. Before the fossils unearthed in Henan Province, where did the scientists find the heaviest dinosaur?
A. Gansu. B. Santun. C. Liudian. D. Ruyang.
2. Why did the local residents kept on digging up the fossils?
A. Because they called them dragon’s bones.
B. Because they wanted to sell the fossils.
C. Because they wanted to use them as traditional Chinese medicine.
D. Because they wanted to give them to the local government.
3. The discovery is very important for the research into the fields except ________.
A. geological distribution B. migration C. evolvement D. food source
4. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Discovering Asia’s Heaviest Dinosaur in China
B. How to Find the Dinosaur’s Fossils
C. The Local People Use the Fossils as Medicine
D. How Scientists Protect the Fossils of the Dinosaurs
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在标有1～10的空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
（1）
One day, about ten years ago, while working at the cash register in the gift shop at my University Museum of Natural History, I saw 1 elderly couple come in with a little girl in a wheelchair. As I looked 2 (close) at this girl, I found that she was fixed on her chair. I then realized she had no arms or legs, just a head, a neck and upper body, 3 (dress) in a little white skirt. As the couple wheeled her up to me, I turned my head toward the girl. When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back 4 the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic, largest smile I had ever seen. All of a sudden, her handicap was gone and all I saw was this beautiful girl, 5 smile just melted me 6 almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of 7 life is all about. She took me from a poor, unhappy college student and __8__ (bring) me into her world; a world of smiles, love and 9 (warm). I’m a successful business man now and whenever I think about the troubles of the world, I think about that little girl and the remarkable lesson about life that she taught 10 .
（2）
Keeping a diary in English is one of the effective ways to improve our English writing abilities. __1__ (compare) with other forms of writing, it is shorter and takes __2__ time. It can help us to develop the habit of thinking in English. __3__ we persist in this practice, gradually we’ll learn how to express ourselves in English. In keeping a diary in English, we certainly run up against many difficulties. In the first place, it often happens __4__ we have trouble finding appropriate words and phrases to give expression to our mind. __5__ (second), there are many idiomatic ways of saying things in Chinese. __6__ it is extremely hard for us to put them into English properly.
As far as I am concerned, my __7__ (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach. Whenever something __8__ (beat) us, we can first put it down in our notebook and then consult our dictionary. We can also turn to our English teacher for help, if necessary. In short, I believe that it is __9__ great use to keep a diary in English for __10__ development of our writing skills.
五、书面表达
随着网络的发展，网上购物已经受到越来越多的人的青睐。请你谈谈网上购物的优点与不足之处。
注意：
1. 请举出两个或两个以上的例子说明其优缺点。
2. 词数100-120。
答案与解析
一、单项选择
1. A。第一空填 part或 separate 意为“分手，分开”。depart 离开；divide 把整体分成部分；第二空 seek one’s fortune 意为“发财，碰运气”；hunt for 搜寻。
2. B。考查虚拟语气用法。otherwise 表示与前面所述相反的情况，从主句的谓语动词形式可推测用与过去事实相反的虚拟语气形式。再如：He was very lazy. Otherwise he would have entered the university.
3. A。句意：在机动车辆之间保持一定的间距对安全驾驶很有益处。Interval“间距，间隔”；circulation“循环”；equality“平等”；technology“技术”。
4. B。句意：有些年纪大的人不喜欢流行歌曲，因为他们无法忍受那么多的噪音。tolerate“忍受，容忍”；concern“涉及，使担心”；undertake“从事”；ignore“忽视”。
5. C。句意：我们的成员在安全问题上无疑反对这一点。be opposed to sth“反对某事”；be devoted to sth“致力于……”；be used to sth“习惯于……”；object to sth表示“反对……”，不可用于被动语态。
6. C。句意：尽管她失败了，但是我知道她尽了最大的努力。supreme“最高的，极度的”；别的形容词均不合题意。
7. B。考查benefit的用法。benefit“有益于”；benefit from“从……中受益”。句中benefit作主语的定语，为主动关系，可排除A、D。根据句意“一项有益于整个民族的新法令已经被通过了。”可知应选B。
8. B。句意：那个小偷坚持说自己是无罪的，但是他的话与目击者(的话)相矛盾。contradict “与(其他事物)相矛盾”，符合题意。support“支持，拥护；支撑”； contribute“贡献”，为不及物动词，常与介词 to 搭配；violate“违反，违背；侵犯”。
9. A。考查catch sb. doing和take part in的用法。catch sb. doing“抓住/遇到某人正在做某事”；take part in“参加(活动)”；join“参加，加入(团体/组织/某人的行列)”。根据句意“任何被抓住在考试中作弊的人将无权参加当天的其余考试”。可知anyone与catch之间为被动，应用caught cheating；并且“其余考试”为活动，故选A。
10. B。考查动词辨析。句意：整个星期你都在勤奋工作，你应该好好休息了。reserve“储备”；observe“观察”；deserve“值得，应得”；preserve“保护”。故选B项。
11. B。句意：你最好不要去那里。一方面天太晚了；另一方面又在下雨。on (the) one hand ..., on the other hand ...“一方面……，另一方面……”
12. B。句意：一旦你有了烟瘾和酒瘾，即使你努力，也很难戒除。become addicted to 对……上瘾；become used to/ be accustomed to 习惯于；adapt to 适应；get away with侥幸成功；get rid of 除掉；get down to 开始认真处理；get off 下车，动身。
13. C。句意：联合国已经禁止战时使用化学武器，因为它的破坏性太强。ban 以官方、法律的命令禁止；approve 赞同；allow 允许；protect 保护。
14. B。句意：尽管有很多偏见反对妇女进入男人的职业，她还是成功地做了一个大公司的经理。根据句意，选B。in spite of 尽管；选项C中 of是多余的。
15. B。stress （生活的）压力，强调；force 力，武力；power 权力，动力，力量；strength 体力，力气。句意：处于巨大压力的人可能会有头痛、身体不适或睡眠障碍。
二、完形填空
1. B。作者的孩子在火灾中被烧伤，在他从一系列的手术中康复后，医生告诉他说他们不能在接下来的六个月内对他进行任何手术。
2. A。 用because表示原因，说明不能手术的原因是要用很长一段时间才能让皮肤停止收缩。
3. D。 由于不能够进行手术所以作者的孩子带着一个可以被别人看见的10英寸的伤疤返回大学学习。scar伤疤；cut刀伤。
4. A。 此句是作者对孩子的鼓励，意思是说“与你相比，没有任何人会更加注意你的伤疤。”
5. C。句中的more暗示该空应该填入than表示比较。
6. B。如果伤疤不会让你烦恼，它也不会让别的任何人烦恼的。用others泛指除了作者孩子外的任何人。
7. B。孩子把作者的建议牢牢地记在心里，高昂着头返回校园，表明了作者的孩子不对自己脸上的伤疤感到任何的羞愧。
8. C。in fact（事实上）表明在现实生活中几乎每个人都有某种伤疤或缺点。after all毕竟；in conclusion 总之；above all尤其重要的是，这三个选项均不符合句意。
9. B。有些人认为人们会更加喜欢他们，如果他们看起来与众不同，着装不同或者有了一辆与众不同的新车。用if引导一个状语从句表示条件。
10. D。第11空后有暗示。
11．A。如果你用同样错误的标准来评价你的外表、着装或者汽车，别人就也会这样做的。该空与上一段话中的dressed differently保持一致。所以答案选A。
12. B。根据上题分析，可知该空的意思是“标准”，四个选项中只有B可以表示标准，所以正确的答案为B。
13. D。与前文的looks一致，并且与后文中的in an ugly way相对应。
14. C。根据前后文可知该用looks来表示作者一个朋友的丑陋的外表。
15. C。 虽然别人刚见到这个朋友时会很注意他的丑陋的外表，但这个朋友却表现得对自己的外表感觉很好，很正常，所以用good表示满意。
16. D。作者的朋友把他的大多数时间用来关心别人的舒适和福利。care about关心，符合句意。
17. B。由于作者的朋友不去关注自己的外表，所以渐渐地周围的人也就不去注意他的外表了。
18. D。最后人们注意到的只是作者这个朋友的善良和对别人的关心。
19. A。 通过文章的论述，作者提出：应该去注意你的内在的价值和品质。within oneself内在的，内部的。
20. C。 与前一句话的beautiful保持一致。
三、阅读理解
1. A。从第三段话可以判断出科学家们在甘肃发现了最重的恐龙化石。故选A项。
2. C。从第四段“but”之后的句子可以得出，当地居民一直挖掘化石的原因是他们想用化石作为传统的中国药材。故选C项。
3. D。从最后一段话中的“The discovery...of dinosaur”可知A、B、C项都有涉及，只有D项food source没有提及，故选D项。
4. A。本文主要讲了在中国发现亚洲最重的恐龙化石的事件及其重要意义，故A项最符合题意。
四、语法填空
（1）
1．an。an elderly couple 一对老年夫妇。
2．closer/closely。修饰动词要用副词，close和closely都可作副词，close（接近）更具体，而closely（密切地、仔细地）更抽象。根据句意，也可以用close的比较级，表示“比（以前）近”。
3．dressed。dress意为“给……穿衣服”，此句中作非限制性定语，补充说明名词body，所以用过去分词表示与body的被动关系。
4．at。look at 看……。look是不及物动词，接宾语时要接介词at。
5．whose。whose代替所修饰此girl，在定语从句中作smile的定语。
6．and。and连接并列谓语动词melted和gave。
7．what。what引导宾语从句作of的宾语，意为“什么”。
8．brought。与上文took并列，所以用一般过去时。
9．warmth。and连接名词love和warm的名词warmth。
10．me。她教给“我”的功课（教训）。
（2）
1. Compared。动词compare与句子的主语it所指代的keeping a diary是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。
2. less。从上文it is shorter可知，花的时间也应该少，填little的比较级less。
3. If。句意：如果我们坚持这种练习的话。
4.that。It often happens that… it是形式主语，代替that引导的主语从句，表示“某事经常发生”。
5. Secondly。对应前面的in the first place (首先，第一)。Secondly 其次，第二。
6. And。上下两句是并列关系，所以填and。
7. suggestion。被my修饰，并作主语，用名词suggestion。
8. beats。beat在此处意为“使困惑”，因主语是单数第三人称，是一般现在时，加s。
9. of。of great use相当于very useful。有些抽象名词前加of相当于形容词。
10. the。development因后面有定语of our writing skills，前加定冠词the表示特制。
五、书面表达
Internet shopping is a new way of shopping. It offers a number of benefits for the shoppers. The most important advantage is convenience. You can shop as you like as the on-line shops are open 24 hours a day. Secondly, it is easy to find what you are looking for on the Internet. Finally, it is often cheaper to buy goods through the Internet.
Every coin has two sides. The main disadvantage is that you can’t actually see the products you are buying or check their quality. Also many people will miss the opportunity to talk with friends while shopping. In addition, some people are worried about paying for goods with their credit cards. It is quite dangerous. There are so many Internet criminals.