Unit 3 A healthy life
Warming up and Reading
Teaching material: NSEFC Book 6 —— Unit 3
Teaching Aims
Enable the students to grasp and remember the detailed information of the reading material.
Teaching Important & Difficult Points
How to help the students to grasp and remember the detailed information of the reading material.
Teaching aids:
a tape recorder, a projector, slides and pictures
Teaching Procedure
Step1 Warming up
1. What’s a healthy person?
A truly healthy person is someone who is healthy in both body and mind.
2. What’s a healthy life?
To be true healthy a person must be well in mind, body and spirit.
Step 2 Brainstorming
What health issues do you think concern young people the most?
cigarette smoking drinking alcohol drug taking diet
physical fitness sexual health stress AIDS and infections cancer anxiety
Step 3 Lead in
T：Look at the following pictures.
What are they doing?
Can you tell which activity is healthy and which is unhealthy?
Slide show
shadow boxing
Drinking alcohol
physical exercise
Singing
dancing
overeating
cigarette smoking
Step 4 Pre-reading
1. Have you ever smoked? If you have, have you ever tried to stop?
2. Why do you think some adolescents start smoking?
3. In what ways is smoking harmful?
4. What advice would you give to someone who wanted to stop smoking?
5. Where could you get good advice on stopping smoking?
Step 5 Fast reading
T： Skim the letter and answer the following questions.
Slide show
1. How many parts does the reading text consist of?
Two parts. The first part is a letter and the second part is an internet page.
2. Who wrote the letter to whom?
A grandfather wrote the letter to his grandson James.
3. What is the purpose of the letter?
This letter aims to explain how a smoker becomes addicted to cigarettes and why he should give up.
Step 6 Detail reading
T：Read the letter carefully, and try to fill in the chart with information from the reading passage.
? Information from the reading passage
Different ways people can become addicted to cigarettes ?1. physically addicted to nicotine 2. addicted through habits 3. mentally addicted
Harmful physical effects for smokers ?1. do terrible damage to heart and lungs 2. have difficulty in becoming pregnant 3. can not run fast
Effects that a person’s smoking can have on other people 1. other people dislike the smell 2. The cigarette smoke may do harm to other people near the smoker.?
Effects that smoking can have on sporting performance be unable to enjoy sports
Step 7 summary
Read the article about the advice on stopping smoking on Page 19, then finish the following summary of the passage.
Slide show
Choose a day that is not __________ to quit smoking.
Make a list of all the __________ you will get from stopping smoking.
___________ all your cigarettes at the end of the day before you plan to quit.
________ the list of benefits you wrote when you feel like smoking.
Develop some other habits like walking, drinking some water, cleaning the
house and so on to keep yourself busy.
If you feel nervous or stressed, try to do some __________ exercises like
deep breathing.
You can stop smoking with a friend or join a group.
If you feel really bad, ask a doctor or _________ for help.
The most important thing is to keep trying.
Don't feel ________ if you _________ because some people have to try many
times before they finally quit smoking.
Never give up and you will succeed.
Keys：
Stressful benefits Throw away Reread relaxation chemist ashamed weaken
Step 8 Discussion
1. What kind of person do you think James’ grandfather is?
He is fit and healthy and leads an active life. He takes an interest in his
daughter’s and his grandson’s well-being. He is knowledgeable. He reads the
internet. He appears to love his grandson.
2. Do you think the information and advice on the Internet page that James?’
grandfather sent is useful for someone who is trying to give up smoking?
It is a good summary but a person wanting to give up should probably look
for more information than what is presented here.
3．Can you give some other helpful suggestions?
Step 9 Discussion
A: Someone who gets addicted to smoking.
B: tries to gives A some helpful advice and persuade him/her to give up
smoking.
Suppose you（B） are a teacher, how will you persuade your students（A）
to quit smoking.
Suppose your father（A） is a smoker, how will you（B） persuade him to
quit smoking.
Suppose your teacher（A） is a smoker, how will you（B） persuade him to
quit smoking.
Slide show
Useful expressions
How to ask for advice
What should I do?
Could you tell me what to do?
Can you give me some advice?
How to give advice
You’d better…
I think you ought to...
Perhaps you should…
I suggest that you…
Step 10 Homework
1. Find out the key points of the text.
2．Search some more information about the harmful effects of smoking and
advice on stopping smoking.
Language points
Teaching material
NSEFC Book 6 —— Unit 3
Teaching Aims
1. To learn some new words and phrases.
2. To master the main idea of each paragraph.
3. To learn some complicated sentence patterns.
Teaching Important Point
How to help the students to master the usage of some useful words, expressions and sentences.
Teaching Difficult Point
How to enable the students to grasp and remember the detailed information of the reading material.
Teaching Procedure
Step1 Revision
Match the words and expressions on the left to the explanations on the
right.
be due to
be addicted to
be accustomed to
mentally
automatically
eventually
manage
quit
smell
Step 2 Language points
1. I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.
due to因为；由…引起；由于
accidents due to driving at high speed
Her illness was due to bad food.
Her absence was due to the storm.
知识拓展: 表示因果关系的单词和短语
because of 介词短语“因为” 较口语化
owing to 介词短语“因为” 较正式
thanks to 介词短语“因为”“多亏了”
as a result of 介词短语“因为”
as a result 副词短语“因此”
on account of 介词短语
Because 从属连词“因为”表示所叙述的理由是本局的重点
as/since 从属连词“因为”表示理由是已知的， 而理由以外才是叙述的重点for 并列连词，不用于句首，置于第一分句之后，补充理由；第一分句表示推测时，用 for说明推测的依据。
therefore 副词 “因此”
so 并列连词 “因此”
The accident was ____ his careless driving.
A. due to ? ? B. because
C. because of D. Both A and C
Key: D
2. I became addicted to cigarettes.
addict vt. (1)使沉溺; 嗜好(2)使...成瘾, 热衷于
addict oneself to 沉溺于, 醉心于
be addicted to 嗜好, 热衷
He became addicted to the drug.他上了毒瘾。
The children are addicted to computer games.
(喻)孩子们对计算机游戏上了瘾。
addict n. (1) 上了瘾的人
film addict电影迷 (2)吸毒者
4. This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having
nicotine in it…
accustom v. vt. 使习惯于
be /get / become accustomed to 习惯于；适应于
accustom +n. /oneself +to 使自己习惯/适应于
其中To 为 介词
The boy has become accustomed to speaking English in public.
那孩子已经习惯于在公众面前说英语了。
My eyes soon grew accustomed to the darkness.
我的眼睛很快适应了黑暗 。
They had to accustom themselves to the hot weather.
他们不得不使自己习惯于炎热的天气。
4. I knew it was time to quit smoking.
quit 动词，过去式和过去分词均为quit，现在分词为quitting，
①接动词-ing形式，“停止做”
I wish you’d quit complaining.
② 辞职,离开
His father quit because of ill health.
He has to quit school because he can’t afford the education.
知识拓展
只能用动词的 -ing形式做宾语的动词和短语还有
miss, admit, avoid, acknowledge, consider, appreciate, delay, enjoy, escape, deny, fancy, favor, finish, mind, postpone, recall, practice, excuse, imagine, include, keep, mind, resent, resist , suggest, risk, resume, involve, justify, permit, prevent, put
off, cannot stand, can't help, give up, object to, put off, feel like, look forward to, persist in, insist on, depend on, approve of, think about, think of, refrain from
5．smell
smell ① “闻起来”, 联系动词, 后接adj. 分词。
The flowers smell sweet.
②闻到，嗅出 常与can，could 连用。
I can smell something burning.
③ n. 嗅觉,气味,臭味
Taste and smell are closely connected.
There’s a smell of cooking.
--- What's that smell coming from the kitchen?
----Hmm, it smells like fresh homemade bread.
6． In spite of her wounded leg, she managed to get up the stairs.
in spite of /despite 尽管、无视，是介词短语/介词，都可接名词（短语）、动名词（短语）。
They had a wonderful holiday, despite/in spite of bad weather.
尽管天气不好，他们的假日还是过得极为愉快。
Despite the cold weather, she still wears short sleeves.
In spite of the cold weather, she still wears short sleeves.
In spite of the cold weather, she still wears short sleeves.
manage Vt. & vi.
1) control 控制,经营
He couldn’t manage this horse, and it threw him to the ground.
The boy is so naughty that his parents cannot manage him.
Mr. Brown manages a large company in the town.
2) succeed, be able to do sth. 设法完成, 应付
Though I have a lot of difficulties, I can manage to get everything ready.
I shan’t be able to manage without help.
If I can’t borrow the money, I’ll have to manage without.
manage 和 try 的区别
?? manage : do then succeed 设法做成了某事
?? try 表示尽量做,但不一定成功
?? He tried to pass the exam, but he failed.
?? He managed to pass the exam, and the teacher praised him.
7. Still others just get into the habit of smoking.
get into the habit of 养成/染上某习惯
知识拓展
fall into the habit of 养成/染上某习惯 form a habit of 养成/染上某习惯
from habit 出于习惯 by habit 出于习惯
get out of a habit 改掉某种习惯 break off the habit of 改掉...的习惯
get into trouble 惹上麻烦 get into debt 负债累累
get into a temper 大发脾气 get into deep water 陷于困境
get into one’s head 有某种看法 get into the way of 习惯于、学会
8. feel like
“ feel like ”意为“感到想要”。具体用法如下：
1. 后面接名词、代词或动词－ ing 形式，表示“想要”某物或“想要做”某事。例如：
I feel like a drink.
I don't feel like eating.
2. “ feel like ”还有“感到像……，摸起来像……”的意思。例如：
They made me feel like one of the family.
他们使我感到我像是这个家庭中的一个成员。
This feels like silk.
知识拓展would like
would like ”意为“想要”，其语气比用 like 婉转些。具体用法如下：
1. 后面接名词或代词，表示“具体要”某样东西。例如：
I'd like two sweaters for my daughters.???
Would you like one of these moon cakes?
2. 后面接动词不定式，表示“愿望，喜爱”，常用于有礼貌地提出邀请、请求或建议。例如：
I would like to drop maths.
Would you like to come to supper?
would like ”后面可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语。例如：
What would you like me to do?
?I'd like you to meet my parents, too.
Step 3 Quiz
Complete the sentences with words and phases from the text.
1. Rice production has increased greatly in China over the last few years, largely _____ super hybrid rice.
2. Having lived in Hawaii all his life, he was not __________ to the cold of Northern Europe.
3. In spite of her wounded leg, she ________to get up the stairs.
4. He told me the same story __________ until I felt like screaming.
5. When I __________ playing sport I become very fat and unhealthy.
6. The doctor told him to ______ the bad habit of smoking.
7. One can become physically and __________ addicted to nicotine.
8. He tried many times but he gave it up______________.
9. This kind of flower ________so good.
10. He was _________of his body so he decided to go on a diet and do more exercise.
11. With exams only a week away, I am under a lot of ______.
12. ___________often take more risks than adults.
13. Now that I am __________ I eat a good diet because I want my baby to be born healthy.
14. She can’t see very well in spite of her glasses.
15. When young he was ________ ___ watching cartoons and playing games online.
16. He was_____ ____________ having a walk alone in the garden after dinner.
17. The girl has got into the habit of playing with her hair while reading.
18. It’s so hot today. I feel like going swimming.
Keys: 1. due to 2. accustomed 3. managed 4. automatically 5. quit/quitted
6. quit 7. mentally 8. eventually 9. smells 10. ashamed 11. stress
12. Adolescents 13. pregnant 14. in spite of 15. addicted to 16. accustomed to
17. got into 18. feel like
Step 4 Homework
1. Master and go over the use of the words and phrases above.
2. Pre-view the use of it on page 21.
Grammar
Teaching material
NSEFC Book 6 —— Unit 3
Teaching aims
Enable the students to master the usage of it.
Teaching important & difficult points
How to enable the students to know the usage of it.
Teaching aids
tape recorder, slides
Teaching procedures
Step1 Revision
Complete the passage with the suitable words in their proper forms.
5. due to 6. stress
6. addicted 7.quit
7. alcohol 8.drugs
8. manage 9.pregnant
9. cigarettes 10. adolescents
Smoking __________, drinking _______ or taking other__________ produce many harmful effects and have no real benefits. So why do ___________do it? Some begin because they believe it makes them look cool. Others think it will help with _______. In their life possibly________ pressure from their parents or teachers.
Some just want to see what it is like. What they don’t realize is that they will get into the habit and __________ become ____________. It will then be difficult to _________ the habit. A few people ________to quit easily but for many it is a very painful process. Of course, the best way to deal with these drugs is not to start in the first place.
Keys：cigarettes；alcohol；drugs；adolescents；stress； due to；eventually；addicted ; quit；manage
Step2 Lead in
Slide show
Discovering “It”
1．It rains heavily . 指天气
2. It is 20 kilometers from Granddad’s house to James’. 指距离
3. It is November 11, 2005. 指日期
4. It is 9 o’clock at night. 指时间
5. It is bad to smoke. 形式主语
6. It is no good smoking. 形式主语
7. It is likely that he will succeed. 形式主语
Step3 The use of “it”
一、“it”作人称代词
1. it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复:
Xi’an is?a?beautiful?city, isn’t?it?
They watched the train until it disappeared in the distance.
2. 也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子):
Is this your dog？No, it isn’t.
二、it作非人称代词
it有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等，称为非人称的it：
1. 指天气：
It is a lovely day, isn’t?it?
It is a bit windy.
2. 指时间:
It was nearly midnight when she came back.
3. 指环境:
It was very quiet in?the?café.
4. 指距离：
It is half an hour’s?walk?to the city centre from my home.
5. 指日期：
What's the date today? It's May 1, 2007.
6. 指季节：
It is summer now.
7. 指度量：
It is about 5 kilograms.
8. 指价值：
----What's the cost of the T-shirt?
----It is 150 Yuan.
三、it用作形式主语
替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
1. 代作主语的动词不定式，其句型为
（1）It be adj.（for sb.）to do sth.
此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词：easy，difficult，hard，necessary，unnecessary，possible，impossible，likely，unlikely，right，wrong，important，unimportant，legal，illegal，well-mannered，ill-mannered，polite，impolite，clear，obvious，certain，suitable，proper，fit，useful，useless，dangerous…?
It is illegal（for a teenager）to drive a car without a license.
（2）It be adj. of sb. to do sth.
此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词：kind，unkind，nice，rude，cruel，considerate，thoughtful，thoughtless，careful，careless，silly，foolish，stupid，clever，wise，crazy.
It's kind of you to help me with the problem.
（3）It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型
It's no good/use doing…
It's（well）worth doing…
It's（well）worth one's while doing/to do…
It's（well）worth while doing/ to do
It's no use crying over spilt milk.
2．作形式主语替代主语从句
1. It is clear ( obvious，true，possible，certain....) that.....
该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然，真的，肯定．．．）” 是主语从句最常见的一种结构。例如：
It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.
It is strange that it hasn’t been noticed before.真奇怪，它以前没有引起注意。
2． It is v-ed that…=sb/sth is to do
It is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.....) that...
该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句；该结构常译为“据说（据报道，据悉．．．）”。
It is said that he has come to Beijing.
It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.
③ It is + noun +从句
It is a pity (a shame /an honor /a good thing/a fact /a surprise/...) that...
该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。例如：
It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class.
这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！
It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！
四、it作形式宾语
当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词宾语从句时，往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面，而用it 作形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前。
该句型中的it 作形式宾语，常用的动词有think, believe, make, find, consider, feel等。
I think it no use arguing with him.
我认为和他争吵没有用。
I found it very interesting to study English.
我发现学英语非常有趣。
He made it clear that he was not
interested in this subject.
他非常清楚地表示他对那门学科不感兴趣。
五、用于强调句型
It is/was? + 被强调部分 + that/who ...
It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ...
I met Tom in the park yesterday
1) It was I who met Tom in the park yesterday.
2) It was Tom who I met in the park yesterday.
3) It was in the park that I met Tom yesterday.
4) It was yesterday that I met Tom in the park.
It was five o’clock _when________I got home.
It was at five o’clock_that_____ I got home.
It was she who ／that had been wrong．是她错了。（主语）
It was the girl whom ／that I met just now．我刚才遇见的就是这个女孩。（宾语）
It was Tom to whom the teacher had talked．老师与其谈话的那个人是汤姆。（介词宾语）
It was on Monday night that all this happened．所有这一切就是在星期一的晚上发生的。（状语）
It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ...
该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语 “直到……才……”，可以说是not ... until ... 的强调形式。例如:
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. = Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. = I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.
六、it 常用的固定搭配
1. make it
（1）在口语当中相当于succeed，表示：成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达例?
It's hard to make it to the top in show business.
（2）在口语中相当于fix the date for，表示“约定好时间”
例? —Shall we meet next week？
—OK. We just make it next Saturday.
2．take it/things easy
相当于Don't worry or don't hurry. 用来劝告别人，表示“不要慌，别担心，存住气” 例?
Take it easy！ He will do it well.
3．It all depends/that all depends
在口语中，相当于it hasn't been decided yet，表示“那得看情况，还没有定下来”
例? —Are you going to the countryside for holiday？
—It/That all depends.
4. It's up to sb.
在口语中，相当于it's decided by sb. 表示“由……决定，由……负责，取决于……”
例? —Shall we go out for dinner？
—It's up to you.
Step4 Exercises
Rewrite the following sentences, using “It’s … that”.
1． I’m still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometers in an afternoon. That is amazing.
It is amazing that I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometers in an afternoon.
2. My father has quit smoking. That is wonderful.
It is wonderful that my father has quit smoking.
3. You could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking. (It is likely).
It is likely that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.
4. China produces one third of the world’s cigarettes. It is reported.
5． It is reported that China produces one third of the world’s cigarettes.
6． Bird flu(禽流感) hit China again. That is known to us.
It is known to us that bird flu(禽流感) hit China again.
10. Li Yuchun got more than one million Yuan for the advertisement.
People say that.
It is said that Li Yuchun got more than one million Yuan for the advertisement.
7. Some young people think that they look attractive when they smoke. It seems that…
It seems that some young people think they look attractive when they
smoke.
Step 5 Homework
1. Revise and master the use of it.
2. Pre-view the Reading: HIV/AIDS: Are you at risk?
Using language
Teaching aims
Enable the students to learn something about AIDS and HIV.
Teaching important & difficult points
How to help the students to get the information about AIDS and HIV.
Teaching aids
tape recorder, slides
Teaching procedures
Step 1 Lead in
T: What is 1 December 2007?
World AIDS Day, 1 December 2007.
World AIDS Day is 20.
Slogan:
"Stop AIDS: Keep the Promise".
Slide show
President Hu Jintao (L)?shakes hands with an HIV patient in a hospital in eastern Beijing
Friday morning.
Slide show
HIV is increasing in every region of the world.
International Statistics
People living with HIV:
33.2 million people living with HIV worldwide
30.8 million adults
15.4 million women
2.5 million children under 15
New HIV cases in 2007:
2.5 million total new cases
2.1 million adults
420,000 children under 15
HIV-related deaths in 2007:
2.1 million total deaths
1.7 million adult deaths
330,000 deaths among children under 15
Step 2 Questions
What is HIV？
HIV is a virus that attacks the body's immune system-the body's defense against diseases. A person infected with HIV may not have symptoms to start with, but eventually without effective treatment the immune system will become very weak and they will no longer be able to fight off illnesses.
What’s a virus?
A virus is a very small living thing that causes disease.
What is AIDS?
艾滋病即获得性免疫缺陷综合征（acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS）。这是一种慢性致死性传染病，由人类免疫缺陷病毒（human immunodeficiency virus, HIV）引起。
Step 3 Quiz
T: Now let\s do a quiz and see how much do you know about HIV/ AIDS.
Slide show
True or False Quiz
1. Only bad people get AIDS.
2. It is dangerous to get close to a person with AIDS.
3. In 2002, there were more than 40 million people living with HIV/ AIDS in the world.
4.You can only get HIV from injecting drugs(毒品).
5. People who have HIV look different from everyone else.
6. Evidence show that men get AIDS more easily than women.
7. It is very likely that you will die if you become infected with HIV.
Keys：FFTFFFT
Step 4 Reading
1. Skim the poster on P22 and try to find out the purpose of each
section .
Section 1:
Background information about what the diseases.
Section 2:
Ways to protect yourself.
Section 3:
Some common myths dispelled.
2. Read the poster on P22 and then choose the answers to the following questions:
1. The word “homosexuals” means______.
A. People only attracted by the same sex
B. People who don’t care about themselves
C. People who are very sexy.
D. People who often have sex.
2. We can infer from the passage that__________.
A. HIV is the same as AIDS.
B. HIV is different from AIDS.
C. HIV weakens a person’s immune system.
D. You can have HIV in your blood for quite a long time.
3. In order to stay safe, you ____________.
A. should not use the needle someone else has used.
B. have to avoid using anything else that the person has used while injecting drugs.
C. should use a condom if you have sex with another one.
D. All of the above.
Keys：AAD
Step 5 Discussion
1. What can I do to support World AIDS Day?
At school, you can support World AIDS Day by:
Having a dressing up, down or fancy dress day.
Putting up some posters - get people talking.
Making and selling red ribbons.
Organizing a creative writing/poster campaign.
Arranging a sponsored three-legged race or balloon release.
Getting your friends, family, to express their feelings and expand their knowledge about AIDS.
Using your imagination!
How much do you know about the AIDS red ribbon?
The red ribbon is an international symbol of AIDS awareness that is
worn by people all year round and particularly around World AIDS Day
to demonstrate care and concern aboutHIV and AIDS, and to remind
others of the need for their support and commitment.
2. How should we act towards people who have HIV/AIDS?
3. What can we do to help them?
Don’t look down upon them.
Show love and care to them.
Help them fight fear, shame and injustice (unfair).
4. Imagine what the world will be like if there is no HIV or AIDS.
Discuss in groups of three and then write a short passage about your
imagination.
Step 6 Homework
Read the passage Successful AIDS Programme in Yunnan in Reading
Task in the workbook and finish the questions.
Listening
Teaching goals
Enable the students to listen for details and catch the specific information as much as possible.
Learning ability goals
Enable the students to predict some important information in the process of listening and encourage the students to talk about the situations according to the listening materials.
Teaching important and difficult points
How to make sure the answers of listening material.
Teaching aids
A recorder and cassette tapes, a projector, and a computer
Teaching procedures
Step 1 Warming up
1. Are there any discos, karaoke bars or nightclubs in your district for young people to go to?
2. Have you ever been to places like these?
3. Do you ever go to parties with your friends?
4. Do you think it is OK for alcohol to be available at places where young people meet?
Step 2 Pre-listening
The listening is a conversation between Tina and Sara about going to a
disco. Let’s predict: What kind of advise will Tina give to Sara?
Step 3 Listening
1）Listen to the tape and tick the things Sara is worried about.
1. drugs
2. smoking
3. alcohol
4. dancing
2）Listen to the tape again and complete Tina’s sentences.
1. Just say no. You don’t have to do anything you don’t want to.
2. It is ok to drink orange juice or something instead.
3. It would be a good idea to have something to eat before you go out, like rice or noodles.
4. If someone offers you a cigarette, don’t take it.
5. Well, you’ll have to learn. Let’s get my CD player and I’ll teach you.
Step 4 Listening on page 58
1) Listen to the tape and fill in the chart below
Medical chart
Name: Li Yue
Age: 18
Occupation: student
Today’s date: _________
Symptoms: headaches, tired all the time, not sleeping and eating well
Possible problem: stress
Proposed action:
1. Do some tests to make sure there is nothing seriously wrong
2. Discuss ways to relax
Step 5 Listening task
1) Read the questions below and then listen to the tape to find the
answers.
1. What is the topic of Li Yue’s talk?
2. Summarize Li Yue’s talk in one sentence.
2) Listen to Li Yue’s talk again and complete these sentences.
1. It’s OK to ____________.
2. Be careful of _________________.
3. You also ___________ a balance in your life.
4. If you _________________ to relax and enjoy yourself, you can
become _______________________________.
5. You ______________ your study time with rest times.
6. You need to _____________. You _______ keep in touch with
friends and to________ _____________.
7. So, my advice to you today is to____________ ________your physical and mental health as well as your schoolwork.
8. Just ______________ a day to ____________ _____________________________________ ________.
9. Take _______ occasionally to _______ film, _________in the country or ___ hiking.
Keys: 1. worry a little 2. worrying too much 3. have to keep
4. don’t take time out; stressed and stress leads to ill health
5. have to balance 6. have some sun; need to; get some exercise
7. think carefully about 8.take 30 minutes; get some fresh air, do a little
exercise or meet with friends 9. time out; go to a; take a bike ride;
go
3) Listen once more and then answer these questions.
1. How long ago did Li Yue leave school?
Two years.
2. What is she doing now?
She is studying at university.
3. Why did Li Yue say to the students “I can see by your faces that you are all doing very well at school and that none of you are worried about the coming exams?”
(Sample answer) Li Yue is making a joke to entertain the audience and keep them interested in her talk.
4. Why is Li Yue a good person to give this talk to the students? Give at least two reasons.
Li Yue suffered stress herself so she knows what can cause stress and
she knows how to prevent it. She is not much older than the students so
she is a good role model.
5. What does Li Yue say could happen if you study all the time without a break?
You could become stressed, which often leads to ill health.
6. List five things Li Yue suggests students could do to relax.
Take 30 minutes a day to get some fresh air; get some exercise; meet
with friends; go to a film occasionally; take a bike ride in the country;
go hiking.
Step 6 Homework
Read the listening materials and pay attention to some key points.
Speaking and writing
Teaching material
NSEFC Book 6 —— Unit 3
Teaching Aims
Enable the students to give advice on quitting smoking.
Teaching Important & Difficult Points
How to help the students to write a letter of giving advice on quitting smoking.
Teaching aids
A computer and a projector
Teaching Procedure
Step1 Letter reading
T: Read this letter and imagine you are the adviser who deals with
students’ problems. List some helpful advice to give Xiao lei.
Slide show
Li Xiaolei
203 Thames Street
Oxford, OX41LF
Class 2 Grade 2
GZ …Middle School,
GZ, GD, China
518036
203 Thames Street
Oxford, OX41LF
Friday 11 Nov.
Dear students in Class 20 Grade 2,
Can you help me, please? I have tried to stop smoking several times. I
am OK for two days and then I feel really sick and irritable and I have to start smoking again. I know smoking is a bad habit, but I just can’t
seem to give it up. Do you have any useful tips?
Yours sincerely
Li Xiaolei
Step 2 Discussion
T: Discuss with your partner and make a list of the tips to quit smoking.
Slide show
Tips on how to quit smoking
Write down why you want to quit (the benefits of quitting): live longer,
feel better, for your family, save money, smell better, find a mate more
easily, etc. You know what's bad about smoking and you know what
you'll get by quitting. Put it on paper and read it daily.
Set a quit date. Decide what day you will extinguish your cigarettes forever. Write it down. Plan for it.
Ask your family and friends to support your decision to quit.
Talk with your doctor about quitting.
Begin an exercise program.
Do some deep breathing each day for 3 to 5 minutes.
Cut back on cigarettes gradually.
Drink lots of water.
Find something to hold in your hand and mouth, to replace cigarettes.
Whenever you have a craving for a cigarette, instead of lighting up, write
down your feelings or whatever is on your mind.
Believe in yourself. Believe that you can quit.
T: Choose 3 pieces of most useful advice and write 2 or 3 sentences to explain how to do it.
Step3 Writing
T: Write a letter to give Xiao lei some helpful advice. You can refer to
the structure and useful expressions below.
Slide show
structure
beginning of the letter : show your sympathy for him and encourage him
body of the letter: list the advice on how to quit smoking
end of the letter: express your wish and encourage him
Useful expressions
How to advise people about what to do
Do…
You should…
Don't forget to…
It would be a good idea to…
It’s OK/ all right to…
How to advise people about what not to do
Don’t…
You don’t have to…
There is no need to…
It’s not necessary to…
Sample Letter
Dear Li Xiaolei,
I am sorry you have had so much trouble to stop smoking, but I am
glad you are still trying. I hope the tips below will help you.
First of all, don’t give up. The more often you try the more likely you are to eventually succeed.
When you feel irritable, don’t automatically reach for a cigarette to make you feel better. Take a few moments to relax. Start by breathing deeply
and lifting your arms out to the side and over your head.
It is a good idea to drink lots of water and eat lots of fruit when you
are quitting smoking. This will help to remove the nicotine from your
body faster and you won’t feel so sick.
It is normal to feel a little stressed when you first give up smoking, but try to remember that it will only last a few days and then you will
begin to feel much better.
Keep up the good work, Li Xiaolei ,and remind yourself how much healthier you will be when you finally quit.
Good luck and best wishes,
Sun Gao
Step 4 Homework
Revise the unit and prepare for an exam.
a. likes sth very much and wants to spend as much time doing it as possible
b. because of ;owing to
c. relating to the process of thinking
d. machines can do work by themselves instead of people
e. at last; in the end
f. give up
g. use your nose to notice or discover sth.
h. to succeed in doing sth.
i. be used to
第 4 页 共 26 页
Unit 3 单元教学设计
I．教学内容分析
本单元以“健康生活”为中心主题。内容主要涉及诸多社会热点问题，如抽烟，吸毒、艾滋病、学习与工作压力等影响健康的热点问题。本单元的听、说、读、写等语言知识和语言技能主要也是围绕“健康生活”这一主题设计的。
Warming Up部分通过讨论及图片提示，联系实际，让学生认识哪些问题会影响人类身心健康以及如何才能成为真正健康的人。
Pre-reading部分通过“Have you ever smoked? If you have，have you ever tried to stop?”等五个问题的讨论，让学生明白吸烟有害于健康这一道理并提出戒烟的几个方法，为“阅读”部分的学习做好准备。
Reading部分是爷爷写给孙子的一封信。信中，爷爷用亲身经历向孙子介绍了吸烟上瘾的原因，吸烟的危害和戒烟的方法。学生应注意本文的组织结构及各部分的联系，特别注意如何戒烟的方法。通过学习学生应能够告诫身边的亲人、朋友不要吸烟，及帮助他们戒烟。
Comprehending部分设计了三个教学活动来加深学生对“阅读”部分的理解。
第一个活动设计了四个问题，要求学生对“爷爷”和“爷爷”的信作评价。讨论“爷爷”是什么样的人，激活学生在读前部分学过的内容。
第二个活动是完成表格，目的在于加深学生对课文内容的理解。
第三个活动是让学生对如何戒烟做总结。
Learning about Language部分归纳本单元的一些重点词汇和语法并进行练习，使学生熟悉本课重点词汇与语法项目并做到学以致用。
Using Language部分涵盖了听、说、读、写四项基本语言技能。
阅读部分是一篇关于艾滋病的海报，让学生对艾滋病有一定的了解。
听力部分是一段蒂娜和萨拉的对话，话题仍与健康有关。
说和写部分列举了一些在聚会时该做的事情，让学生可以对本单元的交际用语进行操练。
Summing Up部分通过让学生回忆本单元所学内容，自我总结对其掌握的程度，培养学生概括总结以及自我认识和检测的能力。
Learning Tip部分提供给学生两种类型的问题：开放性问题和封闭性问题，提醒学生应针对不同的问题做出正确回答。
II．教学重点和难点
1．教学重点
(1)本单元的生词及重要短语；
(2)it在句中作形式主语及表示“时间”、“距离”、“天气”等的用法；
(3)关注健康问题，认识到吸烟、吸毒的危害性，了解HIV／AIDS及其预防知识，树立对待HIV／AIDS病人的正确态度。
2．教学难点
(1)了解各种危害人类健康的疾病及其预防措施；
(2)学会表达警告、禁止和允许的日常交际用语；
(3)学习写劝告信。
III．教学计划
本单元分六课时：
第一课时：Warming Up；Pre-reading，Reading
第二课时：Learning about Language(I)，Using words and expressions(Workbook)，Speaking task (Workbook)
第三课时：Reading task (Workbook)
第四课时：Learning about Language(Ⅱ)，Using structures(Workbook)
第五课时：Listening(Using Language)，Listening(Workbook)，Talking(Workbook)，Listening task (Workbook)
第六课时：Writing(Using Language)，Writing task(Workbook)
IV．教学步骤
Period l Warming Up，Pre-reading，Reading
Teaching Goals：
1．To know what a truly healthy life is．
2．To pay more attention to the healthy issues and realize the danger of smoking and drugs．
3．To learn some new words and expressions．
Teaching Procedures：
Step 1．Warming Up
Purpose：To activate Ss and arouse them to talk about some healthy issues in our daily life．
1．Show the following two pictures to Ss．
Ask Ss what they are doing and whether smoking or drinking is good for health?
(图6—3—1) (图6—3—2)
2．Pair Work
Ask some Ss to answer the questions：
(1)What health issues do you think concern young people the most nowadays?
(2)What is a truly healthy person?
Lead Ss to understand that a truly healthy person must be well in both body and mind．
3．Group work
(图6—3—5) (图6—3—6)
Ask Ss to look at the above pictures and discuss which depicts a healthy activity and which depicts an unhealthy one．And they can talk as much as they can．
Picture one：Doing morning exercises
Picture two：Drinking alcohol
Picture three：Eating outside
Picture four：Smoking
Step 2．Pre-reading
Purpose：To make Ss realize the harm of smoking and avoid smoking．
1．Ask Ss to discuss the following questions in groups．
(1)Have you ever smoked? If you have，have you ever tried to stop?
(2)Why do you think some adolescents start smoking?
(3)In what ways are smoking harmful?
(4)What advice would you give to someone who wanted to stop smoking?
(5)Where could you get good advice on stopping smoking?
2．Discussion
Ask some Ss to give their own opinions about how to stop smoking．Then let them discuss and choose whose opinion is the best．
For you reference：
●Set a date and time to stop，and stick to it．
●Talk to your doctor or pharmacist about whether any of the proven drug treatments might suit you．
●Find out if there is a stop-smoking clinic near you．
●Enlist the help of your friends and family．
●Avoid the situations in which you used to reach for a cigarette．
●If you need to．ease the withdrawal symptoms with nicotine patches or gum．
3．Conclusion
Smoking is very harmful to our health，when you are smoking，you are risking in heart disease，long cancer and asthma，and it Call also cause dull skin and wrinkles．Besides，it can bring harm to the people around you．In the text of this unit，we will learn more about this．
Step 3．Reading
1．Skimming
Purpose：To get a brief understanding of the text．
(1)Individual work
Ask Ss to skim the whole text and find out how many parts the text includes and what each part is mainly about．
Suggested Answer：
The reading is in two parts．The first part is a letter from a grandfather to his grandson explaining how a smoker becomes addicted to cigarettes and why he should give up．The second part gives advice about how to stop smoking．It is set out like a page on the internet．
(2)Pair work
Ask Ss to read the letter with a partner，each of them reading half the letter．Ask Ss to understand the meaning of the letter together．
(3)Group work
Ask Ss how the two passages are related(James’ grandfather attached the internet page to his letter．)
(4)Individual work
Ask Ss to read the second passage very quickly and answer the following questions．
①Why does each paragraph start with a short highlighted sentence?
②How are the pictures at the bottom connected with the text? Why do you think the author of the website includes them?
③why do you think the author uses a question as the main heading?
(5)Scanning
Ask Ss to read the text quickly and try to get some details from the text．Then let them work in pairs and try to ask and answer questions from the text．Questions can be like these．
①What kind of person do you think James’ grandfather is?
②Do you think the information and advice on the internet page that James’ grandfather sent is useful for someone who is trying to give up smoking?
③What information could have been left out?
Suggested Answers：
①He is fit and healthy and leads an active life．He takes an interest in his daughter’s and his grandson’s well-being．He is knowledgeable．He reads the Internet．He appears to love his grandson．
②It is a good summary but a person wanting to give up should probably look for more information than what is presented here．
③It all seems useful．(Ss may give various answers．)
2．Listening
Purpose：To correct Ss’ pronunciation and intonation and improve their listening skills．
Play the tape and ask Ss to fill in the chart bellow．
Information from the reading passage
Different ways people can become addicted to cigarettes
Harmful physical effects for smokers
Effects a person’s smoking can have on other people
Suggested Answers：
Information from the reading passage
Different ways people Call become addicted to cigarettes (1)physically addicted to nicotine (2)addicted through habits 3)mentally addicted
Harmful physical effects for smokers (1)do terrible damage to heart and lungs (2)have difficulty in becoming pregnant (3)cannot run fast
Effects a person’s smoking ear have on other people (1)other people dislike the smell (2)The cigarette smoke may do harm to other people near the smoker．
3．Language points
Divide the whole class into two groups．Each group is supposed to read through each part，and find out the
difficult words，expressions and sentences and then discusses them．
Part 1
(1)due to由于；因为
His success was largely due to his hard work．
●拓展：because of；owing to；thanks to由于；因为
She walked slowly because of her bad leg．
We decided to put off the sports meeting，owing to the change of weather．
Our company has had a successful year，thanks to the improvement in export sales．
(2)addict vt使沉溺；使醉心
●常见用法：be／become addicted to．．．沉溺于；对……有瘾
The children ale addicted to computer games．
(3)accustomed通常的
●常见用法：be／become accustomed to…习惯于……
I am accustomed to drinking tea all day SO 1 was not happy when I found there Was no hot water．
●拓展：accustom vt使……习惯
They had to accustom themselves to the hot weather．
(4)automatically adv无意识地；自动地
When the tennis ball Was thrown at her，she automatically jumped out the way．
(5)mentally adv精神上；智力上
I am mentally tired from all the studying I did today．
(6)manage vt管理；设法对付
●常见用法：manage to do sth设法做成……；成功做成……
Although it was difficult．I managed to reach the top shelf of the cupboard．
(7)lung n肺
It was difficult to breathe in the smoke．filled room and my lungs hurt．
(8)pregnant adj怀孕的
The pregnant woman went shopping for baby clothes．
(9)quit vt停止做某事；离开
1 wish you would quit smoking，for it is such an unhealthy habit．
He has not quit smoking，but is holding down to three cigarettes a day．
Part 2
(1)decide on决定
The two countries have decided on the establishment of diplomatic relations．
(2)chemist n药剂师；化学家
He went to the chemist to buy some medicine for his sore throat．
(3)ashamed。使感到惭愧或羞耻的
●常见用法：
①be ashamed to do…以干……为耻
I am ashamed to say I smoke．
She was ashamed to ask such a simple question．
②be ashamed of．．．为……而害羞
I behaved badly yesterday and I am ashamed(of myself)now．
(4)eventually adv最后；终于
After walking all day，they eventually arrived home．
Step 4．Summary
Ask Ss to make a summary of the advice on how to stop smoking．Be sure to use their own words(no more than five sentences)．
Step 5．Homework
Read the text again and go over the main language points．
Period 2 Learning about Language(I)，Using words and expressions
(Workbook)，Speaking task(Workbook)
Teaching Goals：
1．To discover the useful words and expressions in the text．
2．To learn and improve the use of useful words and expressions．
Teaching Procedures：
Step 1．Learning about Language (I)
1．Group work
(1)Ask Ss to discuss and find the useful words and expressions in this unit in groups of four．
(2)Ask some groups to show their results to the whole class．
2．Individual work
Show some useful words and expressions on the blackboard，and ask Ss to choose the correct words to complete the sentences．
due to mental adolescent quit ashamed manage stress accustomed automatically pregnant
(1)Rice production has increased greatly in China over the last few years，largely——super hybrid rice．
(2)Having lived in Hawaii all his life，he was not——to the cold of Northern Europe.
(3)He was——of his body so he decided to go on a diet and do more exercise．
(4)In spite of her wounded leg，she——to get up the stairs．
(5)He told me the same story——until I felt like screaming．
(6)With exams only．a week away，I am under a lot of——．
(7)When I——playing sport I became very fat and unhealthy．
(8)——health is as important as physical health．
(9)Now that I am——I eat a good diet because 1 want my baby to be born healthy．
(10)——often take more risks than adults．
Suggested Answers：
(1)due to (2)accustomed (3)ashamed (4)managed (5)automatically
(6)stress (7)quit (8)Mental (9)pregnant (10)Adolescent
3．Pair Work
Let Ss do Ex2(P21)according to the text．Then ask one student to read the short passage and give his／her answers．Then ask the whole class to discuss the answers．Finally check their answers．
Suggested Answers：
cigarettes；alcohol；drugs；adolescents；stress；due to；eventually；addicted；quit；manage
Step 2．Using words and expressions (Workbook)
1．Pair Work
Show the following four sentences on the blackboard，and then ask Ss to fill in the blanks and guess in pairs what root all of the missing words have．
(1)His home was full of beautiful________．
(2)The_______ liked painting in the traditional style．
(3)My friend is very______．
(4)She arranged the flowers_______．
Suggested Answers：
(1)art (2)artist (3)artistic (4)artistically
Root：art
2．Individual work
Ask Ss to complete the sentences by choosing the correct forms of the following words．
stress addict automatic mental relax perfect judge
(1)I understand________ how you feel．
(2)The final year of school is often a______ time for students．
(3)If you become_______ to a drug，it is very difficult to stop taking it．
(4)Whenever I pass a noodle shop，I________ feel hungry．
(5)To avoid getting stressed，you should set aside thirty minutes every day for_____ .
(6)After I have been working hard_______，I like to relax with some physical activity．
(7)It was the doctor’s_______ that Li Yue was suffering from stress．
Suggested Answers：
(1)perfectly (2)stressful (3)addicted (4)automatically (5)relaxation (6)mentally (7)judgment
3．Pair work
Ask Ss to finish Ex2(P56)．Let Ss discuss the sentences and translate them into English in pairs by using the words and phrases in brackets．
4．Individual work
Check their answers to Ex2 by asking Ss to finish the sentences．
(1)The red heart she drew on the bottom of her letter_______ love”．
(2)It is good to Listen to other people’s suggestions，but____ you must trust your own______ ．
(3)It is_______ to advertise cigarettes on TV．
(4)_______ all the warnings about the______ of smoking，many young people still take it up．
(5)It is a good idea to _____ the habit of taking some time each day to relax both______ and physically．
(6)I am________ to say that I fainted when the doctor put a_______ in my arm and took out some blood．
(7)The film star made a_____ to the newspaper announcing that she was_____ .
(8)We have to______ two things：the best way to help people who already have_____ and the best way to educate people who are_____ of becoming infected with the virus．
Suggested Answers：
(1)stands for (2)eventually；judgment (3)illegal (4)In spite of；risk(5)get into；mentally (6)ashamed；needle (7)statement；pregnant(8)decide on；AIDS；at risk
Step 3．Speaking task (Workbook)
1．Individual work
Ask Ss to decide on a health issue that concerns him／her．Give Ss a few examples．
drugs alcohol diet exercise HIV／AIDS stress smoking sleeping habits
2．Pair work
Ask Ss to discuss the health issue with his／her partners．
(1)How does this issue affect your health?
(2)How could it affect your school life?
(3)Think of four or five suggestions that you would give younger students to make sure they do not put their health at risk．
3．Individual work
Ask Ss to work on their own to plan their speech for younger students than them．Remind Ss to make sure that they can only make notes for their speech rather than write it out word for word．Remember to：
(1)Introduce yourself and the topic of your speech．
(2)Say something about why you want to talk to them about this topic．
(3)Give the students a few suggestions that they will find easy and sensible to follow．
(4)Finish your speech with some words of encouragement．
4．Pair work
Ask Ss to give their speech to their partners．They can use their notes as a reminder．Let Ss listen to their partner’s speech and give advice on how it could be improved．
Step 4．Homework
1．Keep the useful words and expressions in mind．
2．Preview Reading task in the Workbook．
Period 3 Reading task(Workbook)
Teaching Goals：
1．To improve Ss’ reading skills．
2．T0 make Ss know more about HIV／AIDS．
3．To learn some words and expressions about HIV／AIDS．
Teaching Procedures：
Step 1．Revision
Ask Ss to review the new words and expressions and fill in the blanks with correct words．
1．I think my long and active life must be____ to the healthy life I live．
2．Lastly，you Can become______ addicted．
3．It is very difficult to give up smoking，but I did_____ finally．
4．Smoking does terrible damage to your heart and_____ .
5．I know it’s time to______ smoking．
6．Learn some______ exercises and do them every time you feel_____ .
7．If you______ and have a cigarette，don’t be_____ .
8．If you keep on trying，you will succeed_____ .
Suggested Answers：
1．due 2．mentally 3．manage 4．1ungs 5．quit 6．relaxation；stressed
7．weaken；ashamed 8．eventually
Step 2．Reading
1．Group work
Before reading the text，ask Ss to discuss the questions below in groups of four：
(1)What do you know about HIV／AIDS?
(2)How does HIV／AIDS spread?
(3)What measures people can take to protect themselves?
2．Individual work
Ask Ss to read through the text very quickly and find what form this text is written in．(in the form of all information poster)
3．Pair work
Ask Ss to read the text again and get more details about the HIV／AIDS．Then let them decide which of the following statements are true and which are false．
(1)It is dangerous to get close to a person with AIDS．
(2)It is very likely that you will die if you become infected with HIV．
(3)You Can only get HIV from injecting drugs． -
(4)Evidence shows that men get AIDS more easily than women．
(5)It could be dangerous to have sex without using a condom．
(6)If blood or sexual fluids infected with HIV get into someone’s body，that person could become infected too．
(7)You should not hug a person with HIV／AIDS．
(8)It is easy to tell when a person has HIV／AIDS．
Suggested Answers：
(1)False．HIV／AIDS only spreads through direct contact with infected blood or sexual fluids．
(2)True．
(3)False．You can also get HIV／AIDS from unprotected sex with an infected person．
(4)False．Women are slightly more likely to become infected．
(5)True．
(6)True．
(7)False．You cannot get AIDS from hugging someone．An infected person needs all the support you can give them．
(8)False．A person with HIV can appear perfectly healthy．It is only in the last stages of AIDS that a person looks sick．
4．Listening
(1)Let Ss listen to the tape and pay attention to the pronunciation and intonation，and at the same time underline the words and expressions about HIV／AIDS．
(2)Conclusion
By learning this text，Ss will have a new and thorough understanding about HIV／AIDS，such as what HIV／AIDS is．how it is contracted and how to protect oneself from getting the disease． And after Ss know this knowledge．they can tell others and help others so as to make more people know about HIV／AIDS·
Step 3．Further reading
1．Explanation
Explain to Ss that articles in newspapers have a special structure，that is， a headline， all important information in the first paragraph(Who? When? Where? What? Why? And How?)，short paragraphs，least important information near the end of the text．no conclusion． And then tell Ss some reasons why the articles in newspapers have such a special structure．
2．Individual work
Ask Ss to read though the passage and find out whether it follows the structure they have outlined.
3．Group work
Ask Ss to answer the questions by reading only the first paragraph of the passage.
(1)Who?一.
(2)What?——.
(3)Where?——.
(4)When?——.
Suggested Answers：
(1)Chinese Red Cross (2)An AIDS awareness program (3)Yunnan and several other provinces (4)It began 6 years ago and is still continuing．
4．Pair work
(1)Ask Ss to work in pairs t0 read the article and help each other with anything they do not understand．Encourage them to guess the meaning of new words before they check their results in the dictionary.
(2)Ask Ss to work with their partners to read the article again and answer the following questions.
①What two things does the program do?
②Who teaches people in the community?
③Why is the program so successful?
④What has recently changed in the way the virus is spread?
⑤Why is the Chinese government concerned about HIV／AIDS?
Suggested Answers：
①It provides care and support for people suffering from HIV／AIDS and trains young people to teach other people about AIDS．
②Volunteers who come from a similar group and are about the same age(i.e. their peers)
1 Because they aye being taught by people very much like themselves．
④In the past it was mainly drug users and people who had been carelessly transfused who were becoming infected with AIDS．Today，an increasing number of young people are becoming infected．
⑤The government believes that if they do not act quickly to stop the spread．the number of people in China infected by HIV／AIDS could be as high as 10 million by the year 2010．
5．Discussion
Ask some Ss to show their answers to the questions above．And then ask the whole class to discusses them together．
Step 4．Homework
1．Master the words and expressions about HIV／AIDS．
2．Preview Discovering useful structures in Learning about Language．
Period 4 Learning about Language(11)，Using structures(Workbook)
Teaching Goals：
1．To learn some useful structures．
2．To learn and master how to use…it’．
Teaching Procedures：
Step 1．Revision
1．Ask Ss to translate the phrases from Chinese into English．
(1)吸烟 (2)喝酒 (3)吸毒 (4)由于 (5)尽管
(6)冒险 (7)习惯于 (8)沉迷于 (9)设法做成……(10)想要做……
2．Ask Ss to choose the correct answers to complete the sentences．
(1)Due——his great efforts in his work，he got well rewarded by the boss．
A．to B．for C．with D．in
(2)------Shall I sit at this end of the boat or the other end?
------If you keep still，you can sit at——end．
A．neither B．each C．either D．any
(3)It is so nice to hear from her．——，we last met more than thirty year ago．
A．What’s more B．That is to say C．In other words D．Believe it or not
(4)The old man has become——to alcoh01．
A．addict B．addicted C．addictive D．addiction
(5)Children quickly get——to new surroundings．
A．accustomed B．accusable C．accountable D．acquainted
(6)——is mentioned above，the number of the students in senior schools is increasing．
A．Which B．As C．That D．It
(7)In spite of the trouble，the workers——the work on time．
A．tried to finish B．managed to finish C．tried to finishing D．managed finishing
Suggested Answers：
(1)A (2) C (3)D (4)B (5)A (6)B (7)B
Step 2．Grammar
Purpose：To make Ss have a general understanding about the use of “it’’
1．Ask Ss to go over the reading passage．note the use of “it” and discuss the use of “it”．
2．Discuss the use of “it” together with Ss according to the sentences in the Reading part．
(1)Used as a pronoun．Used to refer to the one previously mentioned．
I am sending you some advice I found on the Internet．It might help you．
My pen is missing．I can’t find it anywhere．
(2)Used to replace the word this or that．
A：Whose umbrella is that?
B：It’s Mary’s．
A：What’s this7
B：It’s tulip．
(3)Used as the subject of an impersonal verb．It can be used to talk about time，date，place，weather，temperature，distance or surroundings，etc．
It’s a beautiful day here．
It’s time for the meeting．
(4)Used as an anticipatory subject or object to stand for an infinitive，一ing form or a clause．
It’s no use crying over spilt milk．(doing)
It’s difficult to give up smoking．(infinitive)
Is it certain that they will win?(clause)
It is strange that it hasn’t been noticed before．(clause)
(5)Used as an anticipatory subject to emphasize a term that is not itself a subject：the structure is like this：
It is(was)+．．．+that(who／whom)+．．．
It is human activity that has caused this global warming．
It is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that results in the increase in carbon dioxide．
It was Jim Brown who／whom／that you should ask．
3．Individual work
Ask Ss to finish Ex l(P21)．Make sure Ss understand what function “it” has in each sentence．
It is amazing that at my age I am still fit． (Clause)
It is easier to fall than to rise． (Infinitive)
It is difficult to stop smoking． (Infinitive) ．
It is no good crying over spilt milk． (Doing)
It is a beautiful day． (Time)
It never rains but it pours． (Weather)
It was time to quit smoking． (Time)
It takes all sorts． (Abstract things)
It is 10 kilometers to the castle． (Distance)
4．Team work
Ask Ss to finish EX2(P21)．Transform all these sentences orally with the whole class first to make sure all Ss understand the structure．And then let them write them down．
(1)Giving up smoking is difficult to do．
(2)Some young people think they look attractive when they smoke．
(3)Most people believe smoking causes cancer． ．
(4)Don’t try to quit on a stressful day．
(5)China produces one third of the world’s cigarettes．
(6)You are not allowed to advertise cigarettes in this country．
(7)My father has quit smoking at last．
(8)The night was dark and stormy when the old man started his journey．
(9)You could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking．
Suggested Answers：
(1)It is difficult to give up smoking．
(2)It seems that some young people think they look attractive when they smoke．
(3)It is believed that smoking causes cancer．
(4)It is no use trying to quit on a stressful day．
(5)It is astonishing that China produces one—third of the world’s cigarettes．
(6)It is illegal to advertise cigarettes in this country．
(7)It is wonderful that my father has quit smoking at last．
(8)It was a dark and stormy night when the old man started his journey．
(9)It is likely that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking．
Step 3．Using structures(Workbook)
1．Team work
(1)Ask Ss to complete the e-mail by using the correct verb form and pay particular attention to the use of “it”．
(2)Ask one or two Ss to read their answers out．Let the whole class discuss the answers．And give Ss the correct answers．
2．Individual work
Let Ss match the sentences on the left with the explanations on the right．
(1)You should take a break from study sometimes． (2)You don’t have to drink alcohol at a party． (3)It’s not a good idea to eat too much before you play sport． (4)It’s a good idea to learn some relaxation exercises． (5)Drink lots of water and find something interest— ing to do． (6)Don’t study all night before an exam． (7)You shouldn’t lift that heavy box． A．This will help you to calm down when you fell badly tempered． B．It is very likely you will hurt your back． C．If you don’t，it is quite probable that you will get stressed． D．You could get a stomachache． E．If you do，you’11 find it very hard to concentrate on your exam the next day． F．It is OK to drink orange juice instead． G．It will help to take your mind off cigarettes．
Suggested Answers：
(1)C (2)F (3)D (4)A (5)G (6)E (7)B
Step 4．Consolidation
1．Ask Ss to choose the correct verb form to complete the sentences．
(1)It’s no good______ (eat，eating)too much chocolates．
(2)It’s not dangerous______(to help，helping)AIDS patients in a proper way．
(3)It’s unbelievable_____ (that，since)he spends all his money on alcohol．
(4)It’11 give me great stress______(to finish，finishing)this experiment in two days．
(5)Take a bus．It’s too dark and far away for pregnant woman like you_____ (to walk，walking) home．
(6)It’s very common_____ (that，as)adolescents like to try new things．
(7)It’s believed_____ (because，that)smoking does terrible damage to heart and lungs．
(8)It is not yet decided_____ (whether，that)he will be sent to the drug rehabilitation center or not．
(9)It is said______ (that，which)there has been an earthquake in Japan．
(10)It was nearly midnight______ (when，how)she came back．
Suggested Answers：
(1)eating (2)to help (3)that (4)to finish (5)to walk (6)that
(7) that (8)whether (9)that (10)when
2．Group work
Ask Ss to write as many sentences as possible by using “it”．And let them discuss the usages of “it’’ in groups of four in order that they will have a better understanding about it．
Step 5．Homework
Review the usage of “it”．
Period 5 Listening(Using Language)，Listening(Workbook)，Talking
(Workbook)，Listening task(Workbook)
Teaching Goals：
1．To get the main information in the Listening part．
2．To develop Ss’ listening ability and speaking skills．
3．To get more information about the healthy issues．
Teaching Procedures：
Step 1．Listening(Using Language)
1．Discussion
Ask Ss to discuss in groups their experiences of social gatherings for young people．
Are there any discos，karaoke bars or nightclubs for young people to go to?
Have you ever been to the places like these?
Do you ever go to parties with your friends?
Do you think it is OK for alcohol to be available at places where young people meet?
2．Word study
Before listening，give Ss some new words and expressions that can help them have a good understanding about the listening material．
Karaoke Bar卡拉OK厅 disco迪斯科 take drugs吸毒 nonsense胡说；废话 alcohol酒；酒精 cigarette香烟
3．Tina wants Sara to go to a disco with her，but Sara is nervous about going．Ask Ss to listen to the tape and tick the things Sara is worried about．Check Ss’ answers by playing the tape again and stopping when one of Sara’s worries is mentioned．
( )AIDS ( )drugs ( )noise ( )smoking ( )alcohol ( )strangers( )money ( )dancing( )orange juice( )rice
Suggested Answers：
drugs；smoking；alcohol; dancing
4．Play the tape again and then ask Ss to complete the following sentences．
(1)Just say “no”．You_____ .
(2)It’s OK____.
(3)It would be a good idea to______.
(4)If someone offer you a cigarette, ______ .
(5)Well，you’ll have to learn．Let’s_____ .
Suggested Answers：
(1)Just say “no”．You don’t have to do anything you don’t want to．
(2)It’s OK to drink orange juice or something instead．
(3)It would be a good idea to have something to eat before you go out，like rice or noodles．
(4)If someone offers you a cigarette，don’t take it．
(5)Well，you’11 have to learn．Let’s get any CD player and I’11 teach you．
5．Play the tape for the third time and ask Ss to fill in the blanks．
SOME GOOD ADVICE
Two college students are_____ .Tina wants Sara to go to a disco with her，but Sara is______ . about going．Listen to their____ .and then answer the questions in your book．
TINA：I’m going to Belle’ Karaoke Bar and Disco____ .with some friends．Why____ .you come too?
SARA：Oh，I’m____ I can’t．
TINA：Oh，____ on．You never go out____ .
SARA：To tell you the____ ,I’m too nervous．
TINA：____ are you nervous about?
SARA：Well，——someone offers me____ ?
TINA：Just say “no”．You don’t have to do____ you don’t want to．
SARA：They’11 think I’m____ .
TINA：____ ．Lots of people don’t take drugs．I don’t____, if they think you’re stupid that’s too bad．Who____ what they think?
SARA：I’ve never drunk____ before either．
TINA：It’s OK to drink orange____ or something____ .
SARA：Yeah，but I’d____ like to try beer，only I might get____.
TINA：Then you should____ have one beer and drink it____. And it would be a good____ to have something to____ before you go out，like rice or____ .
SARA：Another thing I’m——about is that I might start——again．I used——smoke and it was really____ to stop．
TINA：Yes，I know what you____. But I’11 help you and you can help me．If someone____ you a cigarette，don’t take it．I’11____ you not to smoke and you can remind me．
SARA：Yeah，that’s a good idea，____.
TINA：So，anything____ you’re worried about?
SARA：Umm，just one____ thing．
TINA : ____?
SARA：I can’t____ .
TINA：(1aughter)Well，you’11 have to learn．Let’s get my CD____ and I’11 teach you．
Suggested answers：
chatting；nervous；conversation；tonight；don’t；sorry；come；anywhere；truth；what；suppose；drugs；anything；stupid；nonsense；Anyway；cares；alcohol；juice；instead；really；drunk；just；slowly；idea；eat；out；
noodles；worried；smoking；to；hard；mean；offers；remind；thanks；else；more；What；dance；player
Step 2．Listening (Workbook)
1．Discussion
Ask Ss some questions．And then let Ss discuss these questions．If possible，give them some help．And point out that not all situations leading to stress are negative experiences．Sometimes we are very much looking forward to the change．but because the new situation involves making life changes，it can be very stressful at first．
Can you define stress?
Can you describe situations where a person may be stressed?
Can you tell in what ways stress can affect a person’s health?
2．Word study
Lead Ss to study the following words．
headache头疼 symptom症状；征兆 entrance入口 upset使心烦 physical身体的 relax放松；休息 balance使平衡 meantime同时
3．Play the tape three times．During the first two times，ask Ss to try to finish the chart．For the third time，get Ss to check their answers．
Medical chart Name：___________ Age：__________ Occupation：____________ Today’s date：____________ Symptoms：_________________ Possible problem：______________ Proposed action：_______________
Suggested Answers：
Medical chart Name：Li Yue Age：18 Occupation：StudentToday’s date：______________________ Symptoms：headaches，tired all the time，not sleeping and eating wellPossible problem：Stress Proposed action：(1)Do some tests to make sure there is nothing seriously wrong． (2) Discuss ways to relax．
4．Play the tape again，and get Ss to fill in the blanks．
DR GAO：Oh，come in，Li Yue．down．
LI YUE：Thank you．
DR GAO：What can I do____ you today?
LI YUE：Well，I’ve been getting a lot of____ lately．
DR GAO：Mm ?
LI YUE：And I’m____ all the time．I’ve got so much____ to do but my head____ and I keep____ to go to sleep．
DR GAO：I see，any other____ ?Are you____ well?
LI YUE：No．not ．
DR GAO：Are you well?
U YUE：Most of time I don’t feel like eating．
DR GAO：Mm．Now let’s see．You’re____ for your college____ exams，aren’t you?
LI YUE：Yes，that’s right．I’ve____ so much work and I can’t do it____ I’m feeling so i11．
DR GAO：It’s all____ .Don’t get____.We’11____ it out．
LI YUE：I hope so．
DR GAO：Now，have you had your eyes____ recently?
LI YUE：Yes，I have，and my eyes are．
DR GAO：OK．Well，I’11 do some tests to____ out anything____, but I____ think the problem is____.
U YUE：Stress?
DR GAO：Yes，quite____. How much time do you____ studying each day?
LI YUE：I don’t know．As____ as I can．
DR GAO：And how much time do you____ to____ and have some____?
LI YUE：I don’t have time!
DR GAO：I know it’s____ . I remember when 1 was____ for exams，study more important Than___ else. But you will____ do better in your exams if you____ your study with some____ .-
LI YUE：Really?
DR GAO：Yes，that’s right．Look，how about this．Let me do these tests and then you come____ in a few days for the____. If the problem is stress，we can talk about ways to____ and still get all your____ done．
LI YUE：That’11 be good，thanks．
DR GAO：Not at all．And in the____ relax a____.
LI YUE：I’ll try．
Suggested Answers：
Sit；for；headaches；tired；studying；aches；wanting；symptoms；sleeping；really；eating；much；preparing；entrance；got；while；right；upset；sort；tested；fine；rule；physical；really；stress；possibly；spend；much；take；relax；fun；difficult；studying；seemed；anything；actually；balance；tests；back；results；relax；schoolwork；meantime；bit．
5．Ask Ss if they ever feel they are under too much stress，how they know they aye under stress and what they do to relieve their stress．
Step 3．Talking (Workbook)
1．Group work
Ask Ss to discuss the following questions in groups of four．
(1)Do you agree with Dr Gao that Li Yue’s problem is probably related to stress? Discuss your reasons．
(2)What could Li Yue do to lower her level of stress?
(3)How can stress affect your health? Give examples of what could happen to a person under stress．
Suggested Answers：
(1)Li Yue is a senior high school student so she would have a lot of work to do and she might be worrying about her exams．She also doesn’t take any time off to relax，and this would increase her stress level．We agree that she is possibly suffering from stress，but we think it is good that Dr Gao is doing some tests in case there is something else wrong with her．
(2)She could take some time away from her studies each day to relax．
It would be a good idea for her to make up a timetable for herself which says when she should study and when she should take time to relax．
It is not a good idea to slip meals．She should try to eat even when she doesn’t feel like it．
She could talk to an adult about ways to relax．
(3)People under stress might not be able to fall to sleep easily or they might have nightmares when they are asleep．They might stop eating or eat all the time to make themselves feel better．They could be depressed or in a bad mood all the time．They might cry or get angry with other people．They could have headaches or stomachaches．Their muscles might be so tense all the time that their arms or legs ache．They might grind their teeth while they ale asleep．They will probably feel very tired and they might not feel like doing anything．They might find it difficult to concentrate or to study．
2．Pair work
Ask Ss to discuss the following question with their partners．
Is stress a common problem for senior high school students?
Step 4．Listening task (Workbook)
1．Ask Ss to tell some of the things that Li Yue did to avoid stress as described in her letter in the previous section．
2．Show Ss the useful words and expressions．
entrance入口 audience观众 concentrate集中properly恰当temper脾气 stress压力 mental精神的 relaxation放松 occasionally偶尔hike远足；步行
3．Read the Introduction to Ex l．Ask Ss what they think health week is．
Suggested Answer：
Health week：a week when the theme of health is featured in all school subjects and when special guest speakers come to the school to talk to students about health issues．
4．Play the tape and ask Ss to find the answers to the following two questions．
(1)What is the topic of Li Yue’s talk?
(2)Summarize Li Yue’s talk in one sentence．
Suggested Answers：
(1)Stress and how to avoid it．
(2)It is important to take time out from study to relax．
5．Play the tape again to ask Ss to find out the following sentences true or false．
(1)It’s OK to worry a little． ( )
(2)Don’t be careful of worrying too much． ( )
(3)You don’t also have to keep a balance in your life． ( )
(4)If you don’t take time out to relax and enjoy yourself，you can become stressed and stress leads to ill health． ( )
(5)You don’t have to balance your study time with rest time． ( )
(6)You need to have some fun．You need to keep in touch with friends and to get some exercise．( )
(7)Just take 3 minutes a day to get some fresh air，do a little exercise or meet with friends． ( )
(8)Li Yue left school two years ago． ( )
Suggested Answers：
(1)T (2)F (3)F (4)T (5)F (6)T (7)F (8)T
6．Play the tape once more and get Ss to 61l in the blanks．
LI YUE’S TALK T0 THE STUDENTS
Li Yue passed her____ exam and the next year she started at____. During her second year at university，her old school____ her to give a____ to the students during____ week．Listen to her talk and answer the questions in your workbook．
Good morning，students，and thank you____ coming to listen to me．It’s____ to see so many．____ and faces in the____. I can see by your faces that you are all doing very____ at school and that____ of you are worried about the____ exams． Oh，1 see，some of you are a little____ ? Well，I’m here today to tell you that it’s OK to worry a____. That will help you to____ on your study，but be____ of worrying too much．You see，that’s what I did．1 was so____ about my schoolwork and the exam that all I did was____ from morning____ night．I never took time out to____ and，you know，in the end I became____. I started to get____, I didn’t sleep well，I stopped eating____ and 1 was____ all the time．I could no____ study because my head____ so badly and I kept falling to____ in class．And 1 was so bad____. I became so that 1 went to the doctor，and that’s how I found out about____．You see，____ you have to study hard at school in____ to pass your exams，you also have to keep a____ in your life．If you don’t take time____ to relax and____ yourself，you can____
stressed and stress____ to ill health．And if you’re____ , you won’t be able to study．You have to your study time with rest time．You need to have some____. You need to keep in________ with friends and to get some____. You may be____ to find how much____ you can study after you have had a small____. So，my advice to you today is to think____ about your____ and____ health as well as your schoolwork．You are____ thinking：I don’t have enough time to study，how can I 6t in____ time as well? But____ me，your study will____ much better if you do．Just take 30 minutes a day to get some____ air，do a little____ or meet with friends．Take time out____ to go to a film____ take a bike in the country．I promise you，your schoolwork will____.
Thank you for____ to me today and I hope you have found my advice____ (sound of audience clapping)
Suggested Answers：
entrance；university；invited；talk；health；for；wonderful；happy；healthy；audience；well；none；coming；worried；little；concentrate；careful；worried；study；till；relax；ill；headaches；properly；tired；longer；hurt；sleep；tempered；worried；finally；stress；although；order；balance；out；enjoy；become；leads；sick；balance；fun；touch；exercise；surprised；better；break；carefully；physical；mental；probably；relaxation；believe；go；fresh；exercise；occasionally；ride；hiking；improve；listening；useful
7．Group work
After listening，ask Ss to discuss the questions in groups of four．
(1)Do you agree with Li Yue’s advice?
(2)What do you do to relax after study?
(3)Do you think you have the appropriate balance between study and relaxation，or do you think you should do more study or take more breaks?
Step 5．Homework
1．Find out whether your classmates have healthy habits．
2．Write a letter about Ss’ healthy problems．
Period 6 Writing(Using Language)，Writing task(Workbook)
Teaching Goals：
1．To learn how to write a letter． ．
2．To develop Ss’ writing ability．
Teaching Procedures：
Step 1．Writing (sing Language)
1．Read the letter(P24)with Ss and ask them to offer some advice they could give Li Xiaolei．
2．Ask Ss to spend a few minutes noting down 3～5 tips they would like to include in their letter．
3．Spend a few minutes discussing with Ss how they should organize their letter．Suggest that they start with a sentence or shofl paragraph of greeting，follow this with their tips and end with a few words of encouragement．
4．When they have written their letters，put Ss into groups of four and ask them to select the letter they like most． And then read aloud for the whole class．
5．Show one sample letter to Ss．and ask them to fill the blanks first．
Dear Li Xiaolei，
I____ sorry you have so____ trouble trying____ stop smoking，but I____ glad you____ still trying．I hope____ tips below will help you． ____ 0f all，don’t give____. The more often you try____ more likely you are____ eventually succeed．
When you feel irritable，don’t automatically reach____ a cigarette to make you feel better．Take____ few moments____ relax．Start by breathing deeply____ lifting your arms out to____ side and over your head．
It is a good idea____ drink lots____ water and eat lots____ fruit when you are quitting smoking．This will help____ remove the nicotine____ your body faster and you won’t feel So sick． It is normal____ feet a little stressed when you first give____ smoking，but try____ remember that．____ will only last____ few days and then you will begin to feel____ better． Keep____ the good work，Li Xiaolei，____ remind yourself how much healthier you will be when you finally quit．____ luck and____ wishes，
Sun Gao
Suggested Answers：
am；much；to；am；are；the；First；up；the；to；for；a；to；and；the；to；of；of；to；from；to；up；to；it；a；much；up；and；Good；best
Step 2．Writing task (Workbook)
1．Individual Work
Ask Ss to read through the Reading task very quickly and underline the most important points．Let them discuss their choices．
2．Group work
Ask Ss to form 6 groups and write in note form the information they think they should include in their article for junior Ss．
3．Ask Ss to write a group article．Remind them that they should follow the appropriate structure for news articles and that they should be aware that their readers will be younger than they are and will not only be less
knowledgeable about the topic，but they will probably know less English．Consequently，the text will have to be simpler than the original．
4．When they have finished their writing，ask them to select the one they like most．And then read aloud for the whole class．
One possible version：
CHINESE RED CROSS PROGRAMME：A SUCCESS A program to help people with AIDS and to teach people about the disease has been running for six years in Yunnan and several provinces． The Red Cross trains young people to disease．This is because the disease is spreading teach others about HIV／AIDS and how to quickly and all young people are in danger if protect themselves from the disease． The program they have unprotected sex． is very successful because the teachers are The government says that it must act quickly the same age as the students．to inform everyone of the danger．If they don’t The Red Cross wants to make sure that do this，as many as 1 0 million people in China Everyone has information about this deadly could have the disease by the year 20 1 0．
Step 3．Homework
1．Review the main language points of this unit．
2．Preview the new words and expressions of the next unit．
