Unit 3 A healthy life Discovering Useful Structures 课件（共29张PPT）
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| 名称 | Unit 3 A healthy life Discovering Useful Structures 课件（共29张PPT） |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.3MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-11-17 20:29:45 | ||
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文档简介
(共29张PPT)
The use of “it” (1)
It rains heavily.
2. It is 20 kilometers from Granddad’s house to James’.
3. It is November 11, 2005.
4. It is 9 o’clock at night.
5. It'll be lovely in the garden tonight．
6. It is bad to smoke.
7. It is likely that he will succeed.
天气
距离
日期
时间
形式主语
环境
形式主语
the use of “it” in each sentence
“It” is a very useful word in English and can be used in many ways.
“It” can be used in the subject or object position to stand for an infinitive, -ing form or a clause.
For example
1. It is amazing that at my age I am still fit.
2. It is easier to fall than to rise.
3. I think it best that you should do more
exercise.
4. It is no good crying over spilt milk.
5. He found it difficult to accustom himself to
getting up early.
It is a warm sunny afternoon.
It was nearly midnight that she came back.
It is very noisy outside.
It is half an hour’s walk to the city centre.
“It” can also be used to talk about time, distance, weather, etc.
1. it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的
事物，以避免重复。
Xi’an is?a?beautiful?city, isn’t?it?
2. 也可以指动物或婴儿
Is this your dog? No, it isn’t.
一、it 作人称代词
it有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等，
称为非人称的it：
指天气：It is a lovely day, isn’t?it?
It is a bit windy.
指时间: It was nearly midnight when she came
back.
指环境: It was very quiet in?the?café.
指距离：It is half an hour’s?walk?to the city
centre from my home.
二、it作非人称代词
指日期： -- What’s the date today?
-- It's May 1, 2007.
指季节：It is summer now.
指度量：It is about 5 kilograms.
指价值：--- What’s the cost of the T-shirt?
--- It is 150 yuan.
替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
三、it用作形式主语
(1) It be + adj.+ (for sb.) to do sth.
此处的adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词：
easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary,
possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, right,
wrong, important, unimportant, legal, illegal,
well-mannered, impolite, ill-mannered, polite,
clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper, useful，
useless, dangerous…
It is illegal (for a teenager) to drive a car
without a license.
1. 代作动词不定式主语
(2) It be + adj. + of sb. to do sth.
此处的adj. 通常为描述人的形容词：
kind, unkind, nice, rude, cruel, considerate,
thoughtful, thoughtless, careful,
careless, silly, foolish, stupid, clever,
wise, crazy.
It’s kind of you to help me with the problem.
It’s no good / use doing …
It’s (well) worth doing …
It’s (well ) worth one’s while doing / to do …
It’s (well ) worth while doing / to do …
It’s no use crying over spilt milk.
(3) it替代动名词作主语的常见句型
It is clear / obvious / true / possible / certain … that ...
该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为“…是清楚的/显然的/ 真的/……”，是主语从句最常见的一种结构。例如：
It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.
①It is + adj. + clause
2. it作形式主语，替代主语从句
It is said / reported / learned / believed / thought / known / told / hoped ... that ...
该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句；该结构常译为“据说（据报道，据悉…）”。
It is said that he has come to Beijing.
It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.
② It is v-ed that …
③ It is + n. +从句
It is a pity / a shame / an honor / a good thing / a fact / a surprise / ... that ...
该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去，表示
出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义
时，则不用虚拟语气。例如：
It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class.
这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！
It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！
四、it作形式宾语
当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词或从句时，往往把宾语放在补足语后面，而用it 作形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前。
该句型中的it 作形式宾语，常用的动词有think, believe, make, find, consider, feel等。
I think it no use arguing with him.
我认为和他争吵没有用。
I found it very interesting to study English.
我发现学英语非常有趣。
He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject.
他非常清楚地表示他对那门学科不感兴趣。
one表示泛指，that和it?表示特指。that与所指名词为同类，但不是同一个，而it?与所指名词为同一个。
I?can’t?find?my?hat.?I?think?I?must?buy?one.?
(不定)
The?hat?you?bought?is?bigger?than?that?I?
bought.? (同类但不同个)
I?can’t?find?my?hat.?I?don’t?know?where?I?put?it.? (同一物)
代词it, one ＆ that的区别
New technology have made _____ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.
2. No matter where he is, he makes _____ a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.
[典型例题]
it
it
3. We feel _____ our duty to make our
country a better place.
4. The two girls are so alike that strangers
find ____ difficult to tell one from the
other.
it
it
5. I’d appreciate ______ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
6. An average of just 18 .75 cm of rain fell last year, making _____ the driest year since California became a state in 1850.
it
it
Rewrite the sentences using an “it” structure.
Giving up smoking is difficult.
2. Some young people think they look attractive when they smoke.
It is difficult to give up smoking.
It seems that some young people think they look attractive when they smoke.
Exercise
3. Most people believe smoking causes cancer.
4. Don’t try to quit on a stressful day.
5. China produces one third of the world’s cigarettes.
It is believed that smoking causes cancer.
It is no use trying to quit on a stressful day.
It is astonishing that China produces one-third of the world’s cigarettes.
You are not allowed to advertise cigarettes in this country.
My father ahs quit smoking at last.
The night was dark and stormy when the old man started his journey.
It is illegal to advertise cigarettes in this country.
It is wonderful that my father has quit smoking at last.
It was a dark and stormy night when the old man started his journey.
9. You could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.
10. You have to take pills to control your blood pressure.
It is likely that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.
It is necessary for you to take pills to control your blood pressure.
1. How wonderful! My father has decided to ???? give up smoking.
____ ____ __________ _______ my father
has decided to give up smoking.
2. The night was dark and windy when ???? Mr. Brown left his house.
_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ ______
night when Mr. Brown left his house.
Rewrite the sentences using it as subject or object.
It is wonderful that
It was a dark and windy
3. He thought caring for her and helping ???? her were his duty.
He thought _____ _____ ____ _____ to care
for her and help her.
4. As we all know, going to bed early and
getting up early can help people keep fit.
_____ _____ _____ _____ going to bed early
and getting up early can help people keep fit.
5. He is said to have just gotten a doctor’s ???? degree in medicine.
______ ______ ______ that he has just gotten
a doctor’s degree in medicine.
it was his duty
It is known that
It is said
6. Don’t try to change his mind; he just ???? won’t listen to you.
_____ ______ _____ _____ trying to change
his mind.
7. The artist spent two hours completing ???? the painting.
_______ _______ the artist two hours to
complete the painting.
8. He gave up reading the article because it
was too difficult for him.
He found _____ ______ _______ _____ to
read the article and he gave up.
It is no use
It took
it was too difficult
The use of “it” (1)
It rains heavily.
2. It is 20 kilometers from Granddad’s house to James’.
3. It is November 11, 2005.
4. It is 9 o’clock at night.
5. It'll be lovely in the garden tonight．
6. It is bad to smoke.
7. It is likely that he will succeed.
天气
距离
日期
时间
形式主语
环境
形式主语
the use of “it” in each sentence
“It” is a very useful word in English and can be used in many ways.
“It” can be used in the subject or object position to stand for an infinitive, -ing form or a clause.
For example
1. It is amazing that at my age I am still fit.
2. It is easier to fall than to rise.
3. I think it best that you should do more
exercise.
4. It is no good crying over spilt milk.
5. He found it difficult to accustom himself to
getting up early.
It is a warm sunny afternoon.
It was nearly midnight that she came back.
It is very noisy outside.
It is half an hour’s walk to the city centre.
“It” can also be used to talk about time, distance, weather, etc.
1. it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的
事物，以避免重复。
Xi’an is?a?beautiful?city, isn’t?it?
2. 也可以指动物或婴儿
Is this your dog? No, it isn’t.
一、it 作人称代词
it有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等，
称为非人称的it：
指天气：It is a lovely day, isn’t?it?
It is a bit windy.
指时间: It was nearly midnight when she came
back.
指环境: It was very quiet in?the?café.
指距离：It is half an hour’s?walk?to the city
centre from my home.
二、it作非人称代词
指日期： -- What’s the date today?
-- It's May 1, 2007.
指季节：It is summer now.
指度量：It is about 5 kilograms.
指价值：--- What’s the cost of the T-shirt?
--- It is 150 yuan.
替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
三、it用作形式主语
(1) It be + adj.+ (for sb.) to do sth.
此处的adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词：
easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary,
possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, right,
wrong, important, unimportant, legal, illegal,
well-mannered, impolite, ill-mannered, polite,
clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper, useful，
useless, dangerous…
It is illegal (for a teenager) to drive a car
without a license.
1. 代作动词不定式主语
(2) It be + adj. + of sb. to do sth.
此处的adj. 通常为描述人的形容词：
kind, unkind, nice, rude, cruel, considerate,
thoughtful, thoughtless, careful,
careless, silly, foolish, stupid, clever,
wise, crazy.
It’s kind of you to help me with the problem.
It’s no good / use doing …
It’s (well) worth doing …
It’s (well ) worth one’s while doing / to do …
It’s (well ) worth while doing / to do …
It’s no use crying over spilt milk.
(3) it替代动名词作主语的常见句型
It is clear / obvious / true / possible / certain … that ...
该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为“…是清楚的/显然的/ 真的/……”，是主语从句最常见的一种结构。例如：
It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.
①It is + adj. + clause
2. it作形式主语，替代主语从句
It is said / reported / learned / believed / thought / known / told / hoped ... that ...
该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句；该结构常译为“据说（据报道，据悉…）”。
It is said that he has come to Beijing.
It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.
② It is v-ed that …
③ It is + n. +从句
It is a pity / a shame / an honor / a good thing / a fact / a surprise / ... that ...
该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去，表示
出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义
时，则不用虚拟语气。例如：
It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class.
这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！
It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！
四、it作形式宾语
当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词或从句时，往往把宾语放在补足语后面，而用it 作形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前。
该句型中的it 作形式宾语，常用的动词有think, believe, make, find, consider, feel等。
I think it no use arguing with him.
我认为和他争吵没有用。
I found it very interesting to study English.
我发现学英语非常有趣。
He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject.
他非常清楚地表示他对那门学科不感兴趣。
one表示泛指，that和it?表示特指。that与所指名词为同类，但不是同一个，而it?与所指名词为同一个。
I?can’t?find?my?hat.?I?think?I?must?buy?one.?
(不定)
The?hat?you?bought?is?bigger?than?that?I?
bought.? (同类但不同个)
I?can’t?find?my?hat.?I?don’t?know?where?I?put?it.? (同一物)
代词it, one ＆ that的区别
New technology have made _____ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.
2. No matter where he is, he makes _____ a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.
[典型例题]
it
it
3. We feel _____ our duty to make our
country a better place.
4. The two girls are so alike that strangers
find ____ difficult to tell one from the
other.
it
it
5. I’d appreciate ______ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
6. An average of just 18 .75 cm of rain fell last year, making _____ the driest year since California became a state in 1850.
it
it
Rewrite the sentences using an “it” structure.
Giving up smoking is difficult.
2. Some young people think they look attractive when they smoke.
It is difficult to give up smoking.
It seems that some young people think they look attractive when they smoke.
Exercise
3. Most people believe smoking causes cancer.
4. Don’t try to quit on a stressful day.
5. China produces one third of the world’s cigarettes.
It is believed that smoking causes cancer.
It is no use trying to quit on a stressful day.
It is astonishing that China produces one-third of the world’s cigarettes.
You are not allowed to advertise cigarettes in this country.
My father ahs quit smoking at last.
The night was dark and stormy when the old man started his journey.
It is illegal to advertise cigarettes in this country.
It is wonderful that my father has quit smoking at last.
It was a dark and stormy night when the old man started his journey.
9. You could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.
10. You have to take pills to control your blood pressure.
It is likely that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.
It is necessary for you to take pills to control your blood pressure.
1. How wonderful! My father has decided to ???? give up smoking.
____ ____ __________ _______ my father
has decided to give up smoking.
2. The night was dark and windy when ???? Mr. Brown left his house.
_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ ______
night when Mr. Brown left his house.
Rewrite the sentences using it as subject or object.
It is wonderful that
It was a dark and windy
3. He thought caring for her and helping ???? her were his duty.
He thought _____ _____ ____ _____ to care
for her and help her.
4. As we all know, going to bed early and
getting up early can help people keep fit.
_____ _____ _____ _____ going to bed early
and getting up early can help people keep fit.
5. He is said to have just gotten a doctor’s ???? degree in medicine.
______ ______ ______ that he has just gotten
a doctor’s degree in medicine.
it was his duty
It is known that
It is said
6. Don’t try to change his mind; he just ???? won’t listen to you.
_____ ______ _____ _____ trying to change
his mind.
7. The artist spent two hours completing ???? the painting.
_______ _______ the artist two hours to
complete the painting.
8. He gave up reading the article because it
was too difficult for him.
He found _____ ______ _______ _____ to
read the article and he gave up.
It is no use
It took
it was too difficult