Unit 4 Global warming Discovering Useful Structures 课件（共27张PPT）
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| 名称 | Unit 4 Global warming Discovering Useful Structures 课件（共27张PPT） |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.1MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-11-17 20:32:29 | ||
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(共27张PPT)
The use of “it”
(2)
Compare the two sentences below.
Human activity has caused this global warming.
2. It is human activity that has caused this global warming.
The meaning are the same in the two sentences. “It” has been used in the second sentence to give extra importance to “human activity”.
1. It was a scientist called Charles Keeling, who made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997.
2. … it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.
Two more sentences in which “it” is used for emphasis in the article.
结构：
It is (was) + 所强调的成分 (主语/宾语/状
语) +that
（it在这种句型中本身无实际意义）
注意：
1. 除谓语动词以外的成分都可用于强调句中；
2. 如原句时态为现在时或将来时，则be用 is， 如原句时态为过去时，则 be用 was；
3. 当被强调部分为人，引导词还可以用who即：It is (was) + 所强调的成分 +who
原句：Mary did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
强调主语：
It was Mary that / who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
强调宾语：
It was the experiment that Mary did in the lab yesterday evening.
强调时间：
It was yesterday evening that Mary did the experiment in the lab.
(注意不用when)
强调地点：
It was in the lab that Mary did the experiment yesterday evening.
(注意不用where)
1. It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic _________ Zheng He sailed to East Africa.
解析：句子虽比较长，但是其主干为强调句型，是对“80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic” 进行了强调，由此可知，空白处应该填写“that ” 。
[例题解析]
that
2. — Was it by cutting down staff ________ she saved the firm?
— No, it was by improving work efficiency.
解析：本题是强调句，对 by cutting down staff 进行强调。句意：—是不 是只有通过裁员她才能拯救公司的命运？—不是，要通过提高工作效率来拯救。
that
3. — Have you seem the film Under the
Hawthorn Tree?
— Of course, I have. It was in our
village _______ it was made.
解析：It + is / was + 被强调部分 + that / who + 其他。此处强调地点状语in our village，后面用that。
that
4. It’s not what we do once in a while _____ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently.
解析：本句是强调句型“It is ... that ...” 结构，强调是主语从句“what we do once in a while”，故答案为that。
that
5. It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village ______ the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.
解析：迷惑点在于强调部分中含有一个定语从句that she had bought in the village。故答案为that。
that
一般疑问句的强调句型：
Is / Was +it +被强调的部分 + that / who + 其余部分?
特殊疑问句的强调句型：
被强调部分 (通常是疑问代词或疑问副词) +is / was + it + that / who +其余部分?
原句为特殊问句: How did he come here?
强调how:
How was it that he came here?
原句为特殊问句: Why did he came late?
强调why:
Why was it that he came late?
1. 我是在街上遇见她的父亲的。(强调在街上)
2. 你是8点开始工作的吗？（强调时间）
3. 正是因为她病了，他们才没叫她做这项工作。
4. 他为什么不能回答这个问题？
It was in the street that I met her father.
Was it at eight o’clock that you began to work?
It was because she was ill that they didn’t ask her to do the job.
Why was it that he couldn’t answer the question?
判断是否是强调句，可把 It is / was …that去
掉，剩余部分在不增减任何词的情况下还是
一个完整的句子，那么这个句子是强调句。
It was in the street that I met her father.
→In the street I met her father.
It was because she was ill that they didn’t ask her to do the job.
→Because she was ill, they didn’t ask her to do the job.
not ... until ... 的强调形式是：It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ... ，主要用于强调时间状语的强调句型。
I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.
→ Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.
→ It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
not ... until ... 的强调形式
原句: He didn’t come until 7 o’clock.
强调not ... until:
It was not until 7 o’clock that he came.
It was not until the rain stopped that they started.
谓语的强调方式：
do / does / did + 动词原形
我的确相信他是个诚实的人。
I do believe that he is an honest man.
他们昨天的确去看过你，但没见到你。
They did go to see you yesterday, but failed to meet you.
谓语的强调方式
“What +从句+ is / was …”是名词性从句结构，常用来强调主语或宾语。
他最希望的是成为一名飞行员。
What he wishes most is to become a pilot.
What +从句+ is / was …
所叙述的是现在或者将来发生的事情 What +从句 is …
所叙述的是过去发生的事情 What +从句 was …
What interested me most was the beautiful scenery.
给予我们鼓励的是他为我们树立的榜样。
What encouraged us was the example he set for us.
使我最感兴趣的是那美丽的风景。
Rewrite each sentence with It is … that /who …
to give more emphasis to the underlined part.
(Page 29)
It is scientists who warned that greenhouse gases would warm the earth by trapping heat energy in the atmosphere.
It is the greenhouse effect that gives the earth’s surface the average temperature of 15?C.
It is fossil fuels that much of the energy used to light and heat our homes comes from.
It is the developed countries that consume the most energy in the world.
It is for centuries that carbon dioxide has the tendency to stay in the atmosphere while other greenhouse gases stay in the atmosphere only for a day or less.
It is their very existence that low – lying countries feel is in danger from rising sea levels.
It is environmentalists who have tried to stop the earth’s temperature rising.
It is future climate changes and their effects on our environment that scientists want to find out about .
It is by several metres that the level of the sea could rise in the years ahead because of global warming.
It is outer space that might provide us with new energy sources in the future.
what
that
that
that
Complete the sentences.
1. It was ________ he said ________ disappointed me.
2. It was the training ______ he had as a young man _______made him such a famous writer.
3. ---Why didn’t you answer when I spoke to you in the street this morning?
--- I _______ answer but you didn’t hear me.
did
4. It is in the west of China _______ there is no doubt ______it is going to rain tomorrow.
5. It was in 1969 _________ the American astronauts succeeded in landing on the moon.
6. It was _______ he did ________ worried me.
that
that
that
that
what
7. — How was it ______ they traveled?
— By ship.
8. It was in the library ________ I encountered one of my former classmates last Sunday.
9. It was the practice ______________ he got abroad ________ made him a good English speaker.
that
that
that/which/不填
that
The use of “it”
(2)
Compare the two sentences below.
Human activity has caused this global warming.
2. It is human activity that has caused this global warming.
The meaning are the same in the two sentences. “It” has been used in the second sentence to give extra importance to “human activity”.
1. It was a scientist called Charles Keeling, who made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997.
2. … it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.
Two more sentences in which “it” is used for emphasis in the article.
结构：
It is (was) + 所强调的成分 (主语/宾语/状
语) +that
（it在这种句型中本身无实际意义）
注意：
1. 除谓语动词以外的成分都可用于强调句中；
2. 如原句时态为现在时或将来时，则be用 is， 如原句时态为过去时，则 be用 was；
3. 当被强调部分为人，引导词还可以用who即：It is (was) + 所强调的成分 +who
原句：Mary did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
强调主语：
It was Mary that / who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
强调宾语：
It was the experiment that Mary did in the lab yesterday evening.
强调时间：
It was yesterday evening that Mary did the experiment in the lab.
(注意不用when)
强调地点：
It was in the lab that Mary did the experiment yesterday evening.
(注意不用where)
1. It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic _________ Zheng He sailed to East Africa.
解析：句子虽比较长，但是其主干为强调句型，是对“80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic” 进行了强调，由此可知，空白处应该填写“that ” 。
[例题解析]
that
2. — Was it by cutting down staff ________ she saved the firm?
— No, it was by improving work efficiency.
解析：本题是强调句，对 by cutting down staff 进行强调。句意：—是不 是只有通过裁员她才能拯救公司的命运？—不是，要通过提高工作效率来拯救。
that
3. — Have you seem the film Under the
Hawthorn Tree?
— Of course, I have. It was in our
village _______ it was made.
解析：It + is / was + 被强调部分 + that / who + 其他。此处强调地点状语in our village，后面用that。
that
4. It’s not what we do once in a while _____ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently.
解析：本句是强调句型“It is ... that ...” 结构，强调是主语从句“what we do once in a while”，故答案为that。
that
5. It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village ______ the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.
解析：迷惑点在于强调部分中含有一个定语从句that she had bought in the village。故答案为that。
that
一般疑问句的强调句型：
Is / Was +it +被强调的部分 + that / who + 其余部分?
特殊疑问句的强调句型：
被强调部分 (通常是疑问代词或疑问副词) +is / was + it + that / who +其余部分?
原句为特殊问句: How did he come here?
强调how:
How was it that he came here?
原句为特殊问句: Why did he came late?
强调why:
Why was it that he came late?
1. 我是在街上遇见她的父亲的。(强调在街上)
2. 你是8点开始工作的吗？（强调时间）
3. 正是因为她病了，他们才没叫她做这项工作。
4. 他为什么不能回答这个问题？
It was in the street that I met her father.
Was it at eight o’clock that you began to work?
It was because she was ill that they didn’t ask her to do the job.
Why was it that he couldn’t answer the question?
判断是否是强调句，可把 It is / was …that去
掉，剩余部分在不增减任何词的情况下还是
一个完整的句子，那么这个句子是强调句。
It was in the street that I met her father.
→In the street I met her father.
It was because she was ill that they didn’t ask her to do the job.
→Because she was ill, they didn’t ask her to do the job.
not ... until ... 的强调形式是：It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ... ，主要用于强调时间状语的强调句型。
I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.
→ Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.
→ It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
not ... until ... 的强调形式
原句: He didn’t come until 7 o’clock.
强调not ... until:
It was not until 7 o’clock that he came.
It was not until the rain stopped that they started.
谓语的强调方式：
do / does / did + 动词原形
我的确相信他是个诚实的人。
I do believe that he is an honest man.
他们昨天的确去看过你，但没见到你。
They did go to see you yesterday, but failed to meet you.
谓语的强调方式
“What +从句+ is / was …”是名词性从句结构，常用来强调主语或宾语。
他最希望的是成为一名飞行员。
What he wishes most is to become a pilot.
What +从句+ is / was …
所叙述的是现在或者将来发生的事情 What +从句 is …
所叙述的是过去发生的事情 What +从句 was …
What interested me most was the beautiful scenery.
给予我们鼓励的是他为我们树立的榜样。
What encouraged us was the example he set for us.
使我最感兴趣的是那美丽的风景。
Rewrite each sentence with It is … that /who …
to give more emphasis to the underlined part.
(Page 29)
It is scientists who warned that greenhouse gases would warm the earth by trapping heat energy in the atmosphere.
It is the greenhouse effect that gives the earth’s surface the average temperature of 15?C.
It is fossil fuels that much of the energy used to light and heat our homes comes from.
It is the developed countries that consume the most energy in the world.
It is for centuries that carbon dioxide has the tendency to stay in the atmosphere while other greenhouse gases stay in the atmosphere only for a day or less.
It is their very existence that low – lying countries feel is in danger from rising sea levels.
It is environmentalists who have tried to stop the earth’s temperature rising.
It is future climate changes and their effects on our environment that scientists want to find out about .
It is by several metres that the level of the sea could rise in the years ahead because of global warming.
It is outer space that might provide us with new energy sources in the future.
what
that
that
that
Complete the sentences.
1. It was ________ he said ________ disappointed me.
2. It was the training ______ he had as a young man _______made him such a famous writer.
3. ---Why didn’t you answer when I spoke to you in the street this morning?
--- I _______ answer but you didn’t hear me.
did
4. It is in the west of China _______ there is no doubt ______it is going to rain tomorrow.
5. It was in 1969 _________ the American astronauts succeeded in landing on the moon.
6. It was _______ he did ________ worried me.
that
that
that
that
what
7. — How was it ______ they traveled?
— By ship.
8. It was in the library ________ I encountered one of my former classmates last Sunday.
9. It was the practice ______________ he got abroad ________ made him a good English speaker.
that
that
that/which/不填
that