课件69张PPT。Unit 1 Other countries，other cultures高中英语·选修9·译林版Even a child knows that nodding(点头) the head means “Yes”．But some people will probably be puzzled when they first come to India.When they talk to an Indian，he often shakes his head.They might think that the Indian does not like what he said，but on the contraty he is expressing agreement.
The Indians have a habit of shaking their heads slightly when they talk to somebody.It doesn’t mean “No”，but “Yes”．If a person doesn’t know this，it might cause misunderstanding.
At one time a foreigner in India told his driver who was an Indian to take him to his office.The driver shook his head.The foreigner repeated his request and the driver shook his head again.At last，the foreigner shouted angrily，“Drive me to my office at once！”The driver said in a low voice，“Yes，sir，”smiling and shaking his head again at the same time.1．Generally speaking，nodding the head means ________，
and shaking the head means ________.
A．Yes，No B．No，Yes
C．Yes，Yes D．No，No
答案 A2．According to the habit of India，if someone agrees
with you，he will ________.
A．nod his head
B．shake his head
C．neither nods his head nor shakes his head
D．either nod his head or shake his head
答案 BPeriod One Welcome to the unit & ReadingⅠ.Words：
1．countless adj.无数的，数不清的
count vt.&vi.数数，计算
countable adj.可数的
2．freezing adj.极冷的，冰冻的
freeze vt.&vi.使结冰；使冻僵；结冰；冻死
3．recreation n．娱乐，消遣
recreate vt.&vi.消遣；使……得到消遣4．photographer n．拍照者
photograph vt.&vi.为……拍照，拍照；n.照片
5．hunter n．猎人
hunt vt.&vi.打猎，猎取
6．historic adj.有历史意义的
history n．历史
7．traveller n．旅客，游客
travel n．&v.旅行8．westwards adv.向西
west n．西
western adj.西方的
9．settlement n．定居点，定居；(问题的)解决
settle vt.&vi.定居；解决
settled adj.稳定的
10．rank vi.&vt.属于某个等级；排列
rank n．等级，地位Ⅱ.Phrases：
1．seek one’s fortune 寻找发财机会
2．little more than只是……而已，仅仅
3．second only to仅次于
4．be abundant in富含……
5．be home to为……的所在地
6．be shaped like形状像
7．for short简称
8．be fond of喜欢Ⅰ.Fast Reading
根据课文内容选择最佳答案
1．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．Canada is an evenly populated country.
B．Natural resources of Canada are well protected.
C．Canada is the largest country in the world.
D．Canada is a country with dull landscapes.
答案 B2．In which of the cities can you see most sharply contrasted buildings of the past and the present?
A．Toronto B．Edmonton
C．Montreal D．Vancouver
答案 C3．Toronto is most famous for .
A．its natural scenery and old culture
B．its multiculture and the world’s third tallest tower
C．its largest number of French speakers
D．its nice location
答案 B4．If you want to enjoy as much modern nightlife as possible， is an ideal city to go to.
A．Toronto B．Vancouver
C．Edmonton D．Montreal
答案 D5．What can we infer from the passage?
A．There was a war between the French and the British in Canada.
B．Canada is the original place of the American civilization.
C．The border between America and Canada is not quite safe.
D．All the people in Quebec speak French.
答案 AⅡ.Careful Reading
根据课文内容完成下表，每空一词答案 1.multicultural 2.tower 3.mix 4.architecture
5．culture 6.Chinese 7.harbor 8.scenery 9.cuisine
10．indoorKey Words
1．Within this huge country，there are frozen wastes，vast mountain ranges，huge open fields，countless rivers and endless forests.
在这片广袤的国土上有冰封的荒原、巍峨的山脉、辽阔的土地、无数的河流以及无边无际的森林。 [归纳拓展] [语境感悟]
(1)They the books they collected.
他们正在数收集来的书。
(2)In sport is not the winning but the playing.
就运动而言，重要的不是赢，而是参与。
(3)I’ve warned him .
我已警告他无数次了。are countingwhat really countscountless times [即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
新的疗法可拯救埃玛的生命以及无数其他人的生命。
.The new treatment could save Emma’s life and the lives
of countless others(2)单项填空
Surely it doesn’t matter where you get your money from；what is what you do with it.(2013·山东青岛模拟)
A．counts B．applies
C．stresses D．functions
答案 A [句意：你从哪里得来的钱无关紧要，重要的是你怎么处理它。count重要，有价值。符合题意，故选A。]2．There are many wild animals in the forests and on the freezing lands in the north....
在森林里和北方的冰封之地上有着许多野生动物。 [归纳拓展]
freezing adj.极冷的，冰冻的 adv.极冷地freezing adj.＝extremely cold
freezing point 冰点
freezing temperature 冻结温度
freezing cold 极为寒冷
freeze v.(froze，frozen) 使冻死，使结冰；使呆住；感到极冷；停住；僵住
freeze up(使)冻结，使冻得不能正常运转
freeze to death 冻死，冷死
freeze sb out 不让某人参加，把某人排除在外
freeze over全面结冰，封冻 [语境感悟]
(1)The cold weather .
寒冷的天气使地面冻硬了。
(2)The clothes on the washing-line.
衣服在晒衣绳上冻成了硬块。
(3)His smile when seeing the stranger.
见到那位陌生人时，他脸上笑容僵住了。has frozen the groundfroze solidfroze [即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①别动，否则我们开枪了。
!
②门慢慢开了，他一时吓呆了。
.Freeze，or we’ll fireHe froze with terror as the door slowly opened(2)单项填空
On the cold evening two men were to death on the mountain.(2013·青岛模拟)
A．freeze；frozen B．freezing；frozen
C．frozen；frozen D．freezing；freeze
答案 B [句意：在那个极冷的晚上两个人被冻死在山上。第一空：极冷的freezing cold；第二空：被冻死frozen to death。故选B。]3．Although only a handful of people became successful，many stayed and built settlements in the area，and there are now many museums showing what life was like back then.
尽管只有少数人获得了成功，但许多人都留了下来并在当地建立定居点，如今有许多博物馆展示那时的生活情况。settle vi.&vt.(某人)定居(于某处)，使(某人)定居(于某处)；居住，使居住；移民，使移民；决定，解决，处理
settle down (使)平衡下来；(使)镇定
settle down to 专心去做……，专心做……
settle to do 决定做……
settle in(某人)迁入(新居，新环境等)
settle on 决定……；选定……
settle up付清账，结清账[归纳拓展]
settlement n．定居，解决，处理[语境感悟]
(1)The strikers with the employers.
罢工的人已和雇主达成协议。
(2)After years of travel，we decided .
我们旅行多年后，决定在此定居。
(3)Let’s of the next meeting.
我们来商定下次集会的日期吧。have reached a settlementto settle heresettle the date[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
那个岛屿最初是荷兰人居住的。
.The island was first settled by Dutch people(2)单项填空
Teaching in a kindergarten was a nightmare to me—it would take a long time to at the beginning of the class.
A．settle them down B．put them down
C．turn them down D．bring them down
答案 A [句意：对我而言去幼儿园教书简直就是一场噩梦——在一节课之前要花好长时间才能使他们安静下来。settle down(使)安静下来，平静下来，符合句意。B项意为“记下，写下”；C项意为“拒绝”；D项“降低”，均不合题意。]Key Phrases
1．Approximately one million people left their homes and travelled westwards to seek their fortune in the Gold Rush.
在’淘金热’中大约有一百万人离开故土，前往西部寻找发财的机会。[归纳拓展]
seek one's fortune(s)意为“寻找发财机会”[语境感悟]
(1)Many Chinese people went in California in the Gold Rush.
许多中国人在“淘金热”期间去加利福尼亚寻找发财机会。
(2)She the other afternoon，and she said luck was coming.
一天下午她给我算命，并说我要交好运。
(3)He went to Australia and soon .
他到澳大利亚以后，不久就发财了。to seek their fortunestold me my fortunemade a fortune [即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
让家人吃味道好又健康的餐食并不需要花很多钱。
.You don’t have to spend a fortune to give your family
tasty，healthy meals(2)单项填空
① ，he made a in Shenzhen as a businessman.
A．Fortunate；fortune
B．Fortunately；fortunate
C．Fortunately；fortune
D．Luckily；fortunate
答案 C [第一空是句子的状语，应用副词Luckily或者Fortunately；第二空为名词，make a fortune意为“赚大钱”。]②In the early 20th century，some Chinese people went to America their fortunes.
A．to seek B．to ask for
C．lose D．to seek after
答案 A [句意：20世纪初，一些中国人去美国寻找发财机会。“seek one's fortune(s)”寻找发财机会。]2．Back then it was little more than an army camp protecting travellers and merchants.
在那时，它仅仅是一个用来保护游人和商人的军营。 [归纳拓展]
little more than 只是……而已，仅仅[语境感悟]
(1) has made the suggestion.
不止一个人提过这个建议。
(2)He is a good player I am.
他和我一样都不是好球员。
(3)He earns 2,000 dollars a month.
他每月所赚不超过2 000美元。More than one personno morethannot more than[即时跟踪]
翻译句子
(1)他所受的全部学校教育加起来只有3年。
.
(2)她早餐仅吃了一片吐司。
.His whole school education added up to little
more than three yearsShe ate little more than a slice of toast for breakfastKey Structures
1．On the east and west are the shores of two great oceans—the Atlantic and the Pacific.在东部和西部边界，加拿大濒临两大洋，即大西洋和太平洋。(1)本句为完全倒装句，其结构为“表方位的介词短语＋be＋主语”。
(2)如果句中谓语动词是不及物动词(或be动词)时，若将表方位、位移等的副词或表方位的介词短语(在句中做状语或表语)置于句首，则句子需要倒装。如果主语是名词，应采用完全倒装形式，即“副词(或地点状语)＋谓语动词＋主语”；如果主语是代词，不倒装，即“副词＋主语＋谓语动词”。[归纳拓展](3)常见表方位、位移的副词有：here，there，now，then，out，in，up，down，off，away(其中here，there，then并不是表地点，而是用以引起对方注意)。
(4)此类句式中，谓语动词通常是be动词或come，go，run，rush，fly，follow，fall等表示位移的不及物动词，且为一般时态(不用进行时、完成时等)。[语境感悟]
(1) miles of undulating moorland.
他面前是一片高低起伏的荒原。
(2) two glasses and an empty brandy bottle.
桌上有两个玻璃杯和一只白兰地空酒瓶。
(3) occasional shots.
从远处传来了零星的枪声。Before him lay On the table stood From the distance came [即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①赛跑的人出发了。(主语是名词，完全倒装)
the runners.
②他离开了。(主语是代词，部分倒装)
went.Away wentAway he(2)单项填空
At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and Jialing River ，one of the largest cities in China.
A．lies Chongqing
B．Chongqing lies
C．does lie Chongqing
D．does Chongqing lie答案 A [句意为：“重庆位于长江和嘉陵江的交汇处，是中国的大城市之一。”从句子结构看，句中谓语(lie)是不及物动词，而地点状语(介词短语at...River)提到了句首，由此可知，该句采用了“地点状语＋谓语(不及物动词)＋主语”型的完全倒装句型，因此“空”处应选用完全倒装语序的“lies Chongqing”，即答案为A。]2．Montreal，a port in the province of Quebec，is the second largest city in Canada，and also the second largest French-speaking city in the world，Paris being the largest.
魁北克省内的港口城市蒙特利尔是加拿大第二大城市，也是世界上仅次于巴黎的第二大法语城市。(1)本句是一个简单句，主干部分是Montreal...is...
Paris being the largest为独立主格结构。
(2)独立主格结构的基本构成及功能
独立主格结构主要起状语作用，相当于一个状语从句，多用来表示行为、方式、伴随等情况，有时也可用来表示时间、原因、条件等情况。
①名词或代词主格＋分词
The experiment done，the students went on to take notes in the experiment report.
实验做完了，同学们继续在实验报告上做记录。[归纳拓展]Time permitting，we can have a walk around the playground after supper.
如果时间允许，晚饭后我们可以到操场上散散步。
②名词或代词主格＋形容词
The clothes very dirty，you'd better wash them quickly.
衣服很脏，你最好快点儿洗洗吧！
③名词或代词主格＋不定式
The last guest to arrive，our party started.
最后一位客人到了，我们的晚会就开始了。④名词或代词主格＋介词短语
Our English teacher came into the classroom，papers in hand.
我们的英语老师走进了教室，手里拿着试卷。
There is a river in the valley，fresh flowers on the banks.
山谷中有一条河，河两岸长满了鲜花。
⑤名词或代词主格＋副词
The meeting over，our headmaster soon left the meeting room.
散会了，我们的校长很快就离开了会议室。(3)独立主格结构及分词短语作状语的区别
独立主格结构与分词短语都可以转换为状语从句。但是，独立主格结构转换为状语从句后，它有自己的逻辑主语，与主句的主语不一致(例a)。而分词短语转换为状语从句后，从句的主语与主句的主语一致(例b)。a．If time permits，we'd better have a holiday at weekends.转换为：Time permitting，we'd better have a holiday at weekends.
如果时间允许，我们最好周末去度假。
b．When we see from the hilltop，we can find the city more beautiful.转换为：Seeing from the hilltop，we can find the city more beautiful.
从山顶上看，我们发现这个城市更美了。(4)独立主格结构与独立成分的区别
①有些分词短语可以独立存在，在句子中没有逻辑上的主语，已经变成了习惯用法。这些短语有：
generally speaking 总的说来；frankly speaking 坦率地说；judging from 从……判断；supposing假设等。
Generally speaking，the rule is very easy to understand.
总的说来，这条规则很容易懂。②有些固定短语是带to的不定式，表明说话人的立场或态度，在句中作独立成分。这些短语有：
to be honest 老实说；to be sure确实；to tell you the truth说实话；to cut a long story short长话短说；to be frank 坦率地说；to make matters/things worse 更糟糕的是等。[语境感悟]
(1) ，we can use them widely.
电脑虽小，我们却能广泛地利用它们。
(2) ，we could not go on with the work.
灯熄了，我们不能继续工作了。
(3) what he said，he must be an honest man.
由他所说的来判断，他一定是一个诚实的人。Computers very smallThe lights offJudging from [即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①由于生病，我没上学。
.
②由于妈妈生病，我没上学。
.Being ill，I didn’t go to schoolMother being ill，I didn’t go to school(2)单项填空
The party will be held in the garden，weather .
A．permitting B．to permit
C．permitted D．permit
答案 A [permit与weather之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用现在分词形式。weather permitting 为独立主格结构，在句中充当状语，表示条件。]3．The waterfalls，the largest of which is shaped like a semicircle，are 670 metres wide，and fall 56 metres in an awesome white sheet of water.
尼亚加拉瀑布群总宽达670米，令人惊叹的白色水幕飞流直下56米，其中最大的瀑布呈半圆形。(1)本句为主从复合句，主句是The waterfalls...are...，and fall...，其中the largest of which is...是非限制性定语从句。
(2)非限制性定语从句中的引导词whom或which常可和of连用，其结构是“数量(或某部分)＋of which/whom...”，表示从句中提到的数量是先行词的一部分，是以整体中的某一部分为例，对整体(非限制性定语从句所修饰的名词)加以补充说明。其结构形式如下： [归纳拓展]①数量(或某部分)＋of＋which，指代事物。
He has got lots of e-mails，some of which came from the US.
他收到许多电子邮件，其中一些来自美国。
②数量(或某部分)＋of＋whom，指代人。
She had eight children，three of whom lived to grow up.
她生了八个孩子，其中三个长大成人了。[语境感悟]
(1)China has two large islands， is Taiwan.
中国有两大岛，其中较大的是台湾。
(2)The buses， were already full，were surrounded by an angry crowd.
公共汽车大部分都已满载，周围围着一大群愤怒的人。
(3)I met the fruit-pickers， were college students.
我碰到了那些摘水果的人，其中有几个是大学生。the bigger one of whichmost of whichseveral of whom[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
中国大约有13亿人口，其中70%是农民。
.China has about 1.3 billion people,70%
of whom are farmers(2)单项填空
There are two buildings， stands nearly a hundred feet high.
A．the larger
B．the larger of them
C．the larger one that
D．the larger of which答案 D [题意为“那儿有两座大厦，较大的那座将近100英尺高。”从语境及句子结构来看，句子前后两部分是主从复合关系，即句子后半部分是非限制性定语从句；the larger是two buildings的“一部分”，且句子的后半部分是对two buildings(“整体”)作补充说明，因此“空”处应选用“the larger of which”引导非限制性定语从句，即答案为D。]再见课件46张PPT。Period Two Word Power &
Grammar and Usage高中英语·选修9·译林版Ⅰ.Words：
1．oral adj.口头的；口腔的， n．口试
orally adv.口头地
2．merry adj.欢乐的，愉快的
merrily adv.愉快地
3．teamwork n．团队合作
team n．团队4．discover vt.发现
discovery n．发现
5．practice v．&n.实践，练习
practical adj.实践的，实用的
6．survive vt.&vi.幸存
survival n．存活
7．inform vt.通知
information n．信息
8．explain vt.解释
explanation n．解释Ⅱ.Phrases：
1．be known for 因……而闻名
2．be different from和……不同
3．do some research做调查
4．take pictures拍照Grammar
语法精析：定语从句
一、关系词
引导定语从句的关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。关系词代替先行词并在定语从句中充当成分。
当先行词在从句中作主语、定语、宾语时，用关系代词(who，whom，that，which，whose)；当先行词在从句中作状语时，用关系副词(where，when，why)。(1)that、which代替的先行词是表示物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等；which还可以引导非限制性定语从句，代替主句的内容，that则不能。
Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others，which，of course，made the others envy him.海伦对最小的儿子比对其他的儿子好得多，这一点当然让他们很嫉妒。(2)who，whom，that代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语或宾语。
Women who drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those who don’t.(who在从句中作主语)
每天喝两杯多咖啡的妇女患有心脏病的机会比不喝咖啡的妇女高。
He is the man whom/that I am waiting for.
他就是我正在等待的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)(3)关系副词when，where，why的先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的名词，在从句中作状语。The reason why I don’t trust him is that he often tells lies.
我不信任他的原因是他常常撒谎。
注意：先行词是时间或地点名词时，如果在从句中不作状语，则不能用when或where引导定语从句，而要用which/that。
I still remember the day which/that we spent together in the city.我仍然记得我们一起在那座城市度过的那一天。(这里which/that指代the day，作spent的宾语)。二、whose和of whom，of which引导的定语从句
whose是一个表示所属关系的词，在定语从句中作定语，相当于一个物主代词，其后的名词不带冠词。of which含义与whose相似，名词前有冠词，词序一般是：the ＋名词＋of which或of which＋the＋名词。of whom可以代替whose指人，词序是：the＋名词＋of whom。
This is the scientist whose name is known all over the country.
＝This is the scientist the name of whom is known all over the country.
这就是那位全国知名的科学家。The classroom，whose door is broken，will soon be repaired.
＝The classroom，the door of which is broken，will soon be repaired.
＝The classroom，of which the door is broken，will soon be repaired.
门破了的那间教室很快就会被维修。
Many children，whose parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village.
很多孩子在这个村里都得到了很好的照顾，他们的父母远在城市里打工。三、“介词＋which/whom”中介词的选择
1．与定语从句中的动词构成搭配
The man(who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.
＝The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.
在会议中我与之谈话的那个人是从北京大学来的。In the dark street，there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help.
在漆黑的大街上没有一个人能为她提供帮助。
注意 有些固定短语中的介词不能拆开移到关系代词前。
This is the person(who/whom/that)you are looking for.
这就是你找的那个人。2．与定语从句所修饰的先行词构成搭配
He built a telescope，through which he could study the skies.他架起一架望远镜，通过它他可以研究天空。
He came to a farm，on which he finally settled.
他来到一个农场，最终在那里定居下来了。四、as与which在引导定语从句时的区别
as与which都可以代指主句中的一部分或整个句子的内容，有时可以互换。
He married her，as(which)was natural.
很自然地，他和她结婚了。
下列情况下一般只能用as。
(1)as引导定语从句可以放在句首，而which则不能。
As we know，more than seventy percent of the earth is covered with water.
正如我们所知，地球表面的70%以上由水覆盖。 (2)as可表示“正如，正像”，而which无此意。
此时，as从句中常有know，expect，happen，point out，plan，suggest等单词或短语。
He came back home late，as we expected.
正如我们所料，他回家晚了。
As is pointed out，this is a grammar problem.
正如所指出的，这是个语法问题。People generally agree that American English differs from British English a bit，as is said above.
正如上面所说，大部分人都同意美式英语与英式英语有点不同。
(3)当先行词被the same，such修饰时，限制性定语从句需用as引导。
I bought the same book as you have.
我买了一本跟你的一样的书。This is such an easy question as every one can work out.
＝This is such an easy question that every one can work it out.这是这么一个简单的问题，每个人都能解决。
He’ll marry as pretty a girl as he can find.
他将与他能发现的最漂亮的女孩结婚。
注意 (1)当先行词被the same修饰时，that也可引导定语从句，但意义有所不同。
the same...as(指同样或同类的)，the same...that(指同一个)This is the same watch as I lost.
这块表与我丢的那块一样。
This is the same watch that I lost.
这就是我丢的那块表。
(2)当先行词被such修饰时，只能用as引导定语从句。
如果用that就是状语从句，that是连词，无意义，后面的状语从句中不能缺少成分。
He used such machine as was bought last week.
他用了上周买的那台机器。
He is such a friendly man that we all like him.
他是一个很友好的人我们都喜欢他。五、定语从句的几个难点
1．“介词＋where”引导的定语从句
有时我们可以见到“介词＋where”引导的定语从句，此时要和“介词＋which”引导的定语从句从意思上加以区别。
His head soon appeared out of the window，from where he saw nothing but trees.
他的头很快从窗口探了出来，从那里除了树木他什么也看不到。(from where相当于from out of the window，而不是from the window)China is the birthplace of kites，from where kite flying spread to Japan，Korea，Thailand and India.
中国是风筝的故乡，从这里放风筝传到了日本、朝鲜、泰国和印度。2．分隔式定语从句
定语从句有时不直接紧靠着先行词，中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。
There is an expression in his eyes that I can’t understand.我不能理解他眼中表达的东西。
The days are gone forever when the Chinese people were looked down upon.
中国人民被轻视的日子一去不复返了。3．抽象地点类先行词后的定语从句
当先行词为stage，situation，point，case等词且关系词在从句中作状语，这时用where引导定语从句。
They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.
他们已经到了必须分手的地步。I can think of many cases where students obviously know a lot of English words and expressions but can’t write a good essay.
我能想出许多这样的场合，很显然学生知道许多英语词汇但是却写不出一篇好文章。 [即时跟踪]
Ⅰ.用“介词＋关系代词”填空
1．The person I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about.
2．The pencil he was writing broke.
3．Wu Dong， I went to the concert，enjoyed it very much.to whomwith whichwith whom4．The two things Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.
5．Her bag， she put all her books，has not been found.
6．The stories about the Long March， this is one example，are well written.about whichinto whichof whichⅡ.单项填空
1．Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment they live.(2013·四川，9)
A．what B．which C．when D．where
答案 D [句意：现在人们更加关心他们居住的环境。先行词是environment，将先行词代入定语从句后为：They live in the environment.由此可见关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用where引导定语从句。]2．The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those lives were affected.(2013·福建，27)
A．whose B．that C．who D．which
答案 A [句意：这本书从那些遭受地震影响的人们的视角讲述地震的故事。将先行词those代入定语从句后为：The lives of those were affected.由此可知关系词在从句中作定语。故答案为A项。]3．After the flooding，people were suffering in that area， urgently needed clean water，medicine and shelter to survive.
A．which B．who C．where D．what
答案 B [句意：洪灾过后，那个地区的人们正在受苦。为了生存，他们急需干净的水、药品和住所。将先行词people代入定语从句后为：people urgently needed clean water，medicine and shelter to survive，可知先行词在从句中作主语，所以排除C项；D项不能引导定语从句，故排除；因为先行词为“人”，所以排除A项。故答案为B项。]4．We live in an age more information is available with greater ease than ever before.
A．why B．when
C．to whom D．on which
答案 B [句意：我们生活在一个更多的信息比以前任何时候都更容易获得的时代。先行词是age，因为关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，故用when引导。]5．Care of the soul is a gradual process even the small details of life should be considered.
A．what B．in what
C．which D．in which
答案 D [句意：心灵的关爱是一个渐进的过程，在这个过程中即使最细微的生活细节都应该被考虑在内。考查“介词＋which”引导的定语从句。先行词为gradual process，将先行词代入定语从句后为：Even the small details of life should be considered in the gradual process.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作介词in的宾语，故答案为D项。]6．In our class there are 46 students， half wear glasses.
A．in whom B．in them
C．of whom D．of them
答案 C [句意：我们班有46名学生，其中有一半戴眼镜。本题考查定语从句。前后两部分之间没有连词，故空格处引导定语从句。先行词为46 students，将先行词代入定语从句后为：Half of the 46 students wear glasses.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作of的宾语，且表示“人”，故用whom引导。故答案选C。]7．It is the third time that she has won the race， has surprised us all.
A．that B．where C．which D．what
答案 C [句意：这是她第三次赢得比赛，这令我们所有人都感到惊讶。本题考查非限制性定语从句。逗号前面的整个句子为先行词，关系词在定语从句中充当主语，故选择C项。]8．The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China， he remembers starting as early as his childhood.(2013·江苏，32)
A．where B．which C．what D．when
答案 B [句意：世界银行主席说他对中国有一种情结，他记得这种情结始于他的儿童时代。本题考查定语从句。先行词是a passion for China，在定语从句中作start的宾语，要用关系代词，所以选B项。A和D项是关系副词，在定语从句中作状语；C项不引导定语从句，均可被排除。]9．“You can’t judge a book by its cover，” ．
(2013·课标Ⅰ，33)
A．as the saying goes old
B．goes as the old saying
C．as the old saying goes
D．goes as old the saying
答案 C [句意：正如古训所说“人不可貌相，海水不可斗量”。本题考查定语从句，先行词为前面一句话。先行词在定语从句中作宾语，故选C项。go在此处意为“说”，相当于say，用作及物动词。]10．When I arrived，Bryan took me to see the house I would be staying.(2013·课标Ⅱ，4)
A．what B．when C．where D．which
答案 C [句意：当我到达时，Bryan带我去看了我将要住的房子。本题考查定语从句。先行词the house表示地点，还原到从句中为：I would be staying in the house.故应使用关系副词where引导定语从句。]11．The children， had played the whole day long，were worn out.(2013·浙江，5)
A．all of what B．all of which
C．all of them D．all of whom
答案 D [句意：孩子们玩了一整天，都已经精疲力竭了。本题考查定语从句的用法。先行词为the children，将先行词代入定语从句后为：All of the children had played the whole day long.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作of的宾语，且先行词表示“人”，故只能用all of whom。]12．The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.(2013·浙江，13)
A．what B．where C．when D．why
答案 B [句意：博物馆将在春天开放，届时将有一个展览和一个观光平台。参观者可以从这个平台观看正在建设的大温室(玻璃屋子)。本题考查定语从句。先行词为platform，代入定语从句后为：Visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built on the platform.由此可见关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用where。]13．We have launched another man-made satellite， is announced in today’s newspaper.(2013·天津，6)
A．that B．which C．who D．what
答案 B [句意：我们又发射了一颗人造卫星，这件事是在今天的报纸上宣布的。本题考查非限制性定语从句。首先排除A项，因that不能引导非限制性定语从句；先行词为前面一句话，先行词在定语从句中作主语，且表示“事物”，故用which引导。who只用于指人；what不能引导定语从句。]14．He wrote a letter he explained what had happened in the accident.(2013·江西，33)
A．what B．which C．where D．how
答案 C [句意：他写了一封信，信中他解释了事故中发生了什么。本题考查定语从句。从空格处到句尾是定语从句，修饰先行词letter。将先行词代入从句为：He explained what had happened in the accident in the letter.由此可知从句中缺少状语，应该用关系副词where，相当于in which。]15．There is no simple answer， is often the case in science.(2013·山东，31)
A．as B．that C．when D．where
答案 A [句意：科学往往如此，它没有一个简单的答案。本题考查定语从句。设空处前有逗号，故判断设空处引导非限制性定语从句。空格处的引导词在从句中作主语，排除C、D两项；that不能引导非限制性定语从句。]16．Finally he reached a lonely island was completely cut off from the outside world.(2013·山东，35)
A．when B．where C．which D．whom
答案 C [句意：他最后到了一座完全与外面世界隔绝的孤岛上。本题考查定语从句。定语从句修饰的先行词是island，将先行词代入定语从句后为：The island was completely cut off from the outside world.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作主语，且先行词表示“物”。故答案为C项。]17．Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012， made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true.(2013·安徽，29)
A．it B．that C．what D．which
答案 D [句意：莫言被授予2012年诺贝尔文学奖，这使中国人长久以来拥有的梦想之一变成现实。本题考查非限制性定语从句。A、B和C项都不引导非限制性定语从句。关系词指代前面整个主句(即Mo Yan was awarded...in 2012)，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故选D项。]18．John invited about 40 people to his wedding，most of are family members.(2013·重庆，24)
A．them B．that C．which D．whom
答案 D [句意：约翰邀请了大约40人参加他的婚礼，他们当中绝大部分是家庭成员。本题考查定语从句。在定语从句中如果介词放在关系代词之前，且先行词指人时，从句中关系代词只能使用whom。]19．Happiness and success often come to those are good at recognizing their own strengths.(2013·湖南，21)
A．whom B．who C．what D．which
答案 B [句意：幸福和成功经常青睐那些善于意识到自己长处的人。本题考查定语从句。先行词为those，将先行词代入定语从句后为：Those are good at recognizing their own strengths.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作主语，且表示“人”，故选B项。]20．Many countries are now setting up national parks animals and plants can be protected.(2013·北京，27)
A．when B．which C．whose D．where
答案 D [句意：很多国家现在都在建立国家公园，在那里动物和植物能够受到保护。本题考查定语从句。先行词为national parks，代入从句中为：In the national parks animals and plants can be protected.应该使用表示地点的关系副词，故选D项。]再见课件78张PPT。Period Three Task & Project高中英语·选修9·译林版Ⅰ.Words：
1．immigration n．移民，移居
immigrate vt.&vi.移民，移入
2．sporting adj.喜爱运动的
sport n．体育活动
3．ambiguous adj.模棱两可的，有歧义的
4．absolute adj.绝对的，完全的
absolutely adv.绝对地5．compulsory adj.强制的
compulsion n．强迫，要求
6．content adj.满意的，甘愿的
content n．内容；目录；满足
7．unfit adj.不健康的，不适宜的
fit adj.健康的，适合的
8．owe vt.归因于、欠……债、感激
owing adj.欠着的，应付的
9．equip vt.装备、配备
equipment n．装备，配备10．thrill n．兴奋，激动vt.使非常兴奋
thrilled adj.激动的
11．originally adv.原来，起初
original adj.起初的
12．considering prep.&conj.考虑到，鉴于
consider vt.考虑
consideration n．考虑Ⅱ.Phrases：
1．occupy oneself in doing sth专心做某事，忙于做某事
2．permit doing允许做
3．be famous for因……而闻名
4．climb up攀登
5．be full of充满
6．fill in填空
7．in particular尤其，特别8．in addition此外，另外
9．be accused of被指责，控告
10．participate in参与，参加
11．owe...to将……归功于
12．appeal to吸引，诉诸；要求Ⅰ.Fast Reading
根据课文内容选择最佳答案
1．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．It is universally acknowledged that Australians love sport.
B．Most of Australians take sport as their career.
C．Most of Australians do much sport either as fun or as profession.
D．Only those who do sport like sport.
答案 A2．Which of the following determines that Australia is a country with so many sport lovers?
A．The people there are well physically-educated from their early age.
B．Ideal climate，natural environment and plentiful spare time are main factors.
C．The early immigrants brought the tradition from the UK.
D．People there really understand sport guarantees health.
答案 B3．Which of the following is considered a rough game?
A．Surfing B．Cricket
C．Football D．Tennis
答案 C4．If people are impatient with a cricket game， .
A．most probably they are not skilled at playing it
B．most probably they don’t understand the game quite well
C．most probably they are quick-tempered in character
D．the game is not so interesting in itself
答案 B5．Which of the following sports are Australian athletes best at in some most important games?
A．Swimming B．Football
C．Cricket D．Tennis
答案 AⅡ.Careful Reading
根据课文完成下表，每空一词答案 1.doubt 2.Why 3.popular 4.achievements
5．Conclusion 6.places 7.devoted 8.conditions
9．off 10.Team 11.oneKey Words
1．There is nothing ambiguous about Australians’ love of sport.
澳大利亚人热爱体育，这点毫无疑问。(1)ambiguity n．模棱两可；歧义；模棱两可的词语；含糊不清的话
(2)There is/remains nothing ambiguous that.../There is/remains no doubt that.../No doubt that...……毫无疑问 [归纳拓展]
ambiguous adj.意义含糊的；意向不明的[语境感悟]
(1)His position in the company .
他在公司中的地位还不明确。
(2)There seem to in the rules.
这些法规中好像有些模棱两可的地方。
(3) that Jim is honest.
＝There is about Jim’s honesty.
吉姆是诚实的这点毫无疑问。remains ambiguousbe some ambiguitiesNo doubt nothing ambiguous[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①她的陈述故意含糊不清。
.
②尽量避免模棱两可，使你的评论简洁一些。
.Her account was deliberately ambiguousTry to avoid ambiguity and keep your comments brief (2)单项填空
The teacher was not pleased with his reply and asked him to stay behind.
A．ambiguous B．direct
C．definite D．clear
答案 A [句意：老师不满意他模棱两可的回答，要他放学后留下来。由句意可知答案为A项。]2．Their absolute love of it seems compulsory.
澳大利亚人热爱体育，这点毫无疑问。
[归纳拓展][语境感悟]
(1)Attendance at the meeting .
会议是必须参加的。
(2) ends at sixteen.
义务教育至16岁为止。
(3)Which subjects in your school?
在你们学校里，哪些课程是必修的？is compulsoryCompulsory schooling are compulsory[即时跟踪]
Parents must allow their children to receive education by law.
A．compulsory B．traditional
C．primary D．cultural答案 A [句意为“父母亲必须允许他们的孩子接受法律规定的 教育。”由语境中的“by law(由法律规定)”可推断出，“空”处应选用表示“必须的，强制性的”，即答案A。compulsory education或compulsory schooling可视为固定短语，意为“义务教育”。traditional意为“传统的”；primary意为“首要的，最初的”；cultural意为“文化的”。这三项与语境中的“法律强制规定的”不相吻合。]3．The rest are content to just sit in their cosy armchairs and watch.
其他人则仅仅满足于坐在舒适的扶手椅上看比赛。 [归纳拓展]
content n．内容；目录；容量；满足；adj.满足的；满意的；愿意的；vt.使满足。[语境感悟]
(1)My parents are content to live quietly in the country.我父母很高兴在农村过安静的生活。
(2)Not content with disturbing the meeting，he then came to say mean things to the chairman.
他打断了会议还不满足，接着又开始辱骂主席。
(3)Simple praise is enough to content him.
一点点表扬就使他很满足。[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①我们不满足于现有的成就。
.
②我读书总是先从目录看起。
.We are not content with what we have achievedI always read the contents of a book first of all(2)单项填空
The aggressive girl is not just get the second place in the exams.
A．content B．content with
C．contented D．content to
答案 D [句意为：那个有野心的女孩不甘心仅仅得了个第二。be content to do sth不甘心做某事。]4．Since most tennis courts are equipped with lights，many people often play after dusk in the evening and late into the night.由于大多数网球场都有照明设施，很多人常常从黄昏一直打到深夜。[归纳拓展]
equip vt.装备，配备，使能够[易混辨析]
much equipment 许多设备
facility n．设施，可数名词，常指公共设施
public facilities公共设施[语境感悟]
(1)This plane four engines.
这架飞机装备了四台发动机。
(2)Please a sharp pencil and a rubber for the exam.
请准备一支尖的铅笔和一块橡皮参加考试。is equipped withequip yourself with [即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
你受的教育将使你能很好地谋生。
.Your education will equip you to earn a good living(2)单项填空
—Shall we introduce from abroad?
—Go ahead if necessary.
A．other equipments
B．a few more equipments
C．another equipment
D．some other equipment
答案 D [equipment 是不可数名词，故答案选D。]Key Phrases
1．Many people owe their love of sport to the perfect weather conditions for it.
许多人把对体育运动的热爱归功于适合体育运动的完美的气候条件。(1)owe...to“把……归功于；把……归因于”
owe A to B，把A归功于B，把A归因于B
owe sth to sb或owe sb sth 意为欠某人钱或“欠情、感激”。
(2)owe vt.归因于，归功于；欠(账)；欠(人情) [归纳拓展] [易混辨析]
owing to/because of/due to/on account of/thanks to[语境感悟]
(1)He more his teacher’s help.
他将自己的进步更多地归功于老师的帮助。
(2)She good luck more than to ability.
她的成功与其说是靠能力还不如说是靠运气。
(3)They decided to cancel the flight， .
由于这场暴风雨，他们决定取消这个航班。owes his own progresstoowes her success toowing to the storm[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①我欠汤姆十英镑。
.
②由于疏忽大意造成的错误可能带来严重的后果。
.I owe Tom ten poundsMistakes due to carelessness may have serious consequences(2)单项填空
Early settlers their survival hard work and determination to succeed.
A．corresponded；with B．owed；to
C．adapted；to D．attached；to答案 B [句意为“早期移民把他们能得以生存下来 辛勤工作及立志成功的决心。”由语境可推断出，句意应表示“归因于”。表示“把……归因于”的“owe...to”符合语境，即答案为B。correspond 是不及物动词，correspond to/with意为“与……相符、一致”；adapt意为“调整、改变某事”；attach意为“粘贴”或“认为有(重要性、价值、意义等)”。]2．Rugby，soccer and football are all rough games and can lead to serious injuries，but they greatly appeal to Australians.
橄榄球、足球和澳式橄榄球都是剧烈运动，可能导致严重受伤，但澳大利亚人对它们还是情有独钟。
[归纳拓展][语境感悟]
(1)This book will a limited public.
这本书只能吸引有限的读者。
(2)The two disputing countries decided arms.
这两个有争端的国家决定不诉诸武力。
(3)The government water.
政府要求大家节约用水。appeal only tonot to appeal tois appealing to everyone to save[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
你的惟一补救办法是诉诸法律。
.Your only remedy is to appeal to law(2)单项填空
—How did you like Nick’s performance last night?
—To be honest，his singing didn’t to me much.
A．appeal B．belong
C．refer D．occur答案 A [句意为“甲：你觉得尼克昨晚的演出怎么样？”乙：说实话，他的演唱对我 不大。”据语境可推断出，“空”处应填表示“吸引”的“appeal(to)”，即答案为A。句意为“他的演唱并不怎么吸引我”。belong to意为“属于”；refer to 意为“提到；涉及”；occur to意为“突然想到”，这三项词义不合语境。]Key Structures
1．With most of its population living near the coast，swimming and surfing are popular activities for many families at the weekend.澳大利亚的大多数人口住在沿海地区，对于许多家庭来说，游泳和冲浪是在周末最受欢迎的活动。(1)本句是简单句with most of its population living near the coast是with复合结构，在句中作原因状语。
(2)“with复合结构”是由“with＋复合宾语(介词宾语＋宾语补足语)”组成，常在句中作状语，表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等。其构成形式如下：
①with＋名词＋现在分词：现在分词和前面的名词在逻辑上是主谓关系。
With prices going up so fast，we can't afford luxuries.
由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。(表原因) [归纳拓展]②with＋名词＋过去分词：过去分词和前面的名词在逻辑上是动宾关系。
She had to walk home with her bike stolen.
自行车被偷，她只好步行回家。(表原因)
③with＋名词＋形容词：名词是形容词的逻辑主语。
I like to sleep with the windows open。
我喜欢把窗户开着睡觉。(表伴随)④with＋名词＋介词短语：名词是介词短语的逻辑主语。
With the children at school，we can't take our vacation when we want to.
由于孩子们在上学，所以当我们想度假时而不能去度假。(表原因)
⑤with＋名词＋副词：名词是副词(短语)的逻辑主语。
The boy stood there with his head down.
这个男孩低头站在那儿。(表方式)
⑥with＋名词＋动词不定式：不定式表示将发生的动作。
With a lot of work to do，he wasn't allowed to go out.
因为还有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出。(表原因)[语境感悟]
(1)I like sleeping .
我喜欢开着灯睡觉。
(2)She came to a river
.
她来到了一条两岸都长着红花绿草的河边。
(3)She sat there .
她坐在那儿低着头。with the light onwith green grass and red flowers on both sideswith her head bent[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①冬天要到了，该买过冬的衣服了。
.
②这些盘子都要洗，我不能出去了。
.With winter coming，it’s time to buy warm clothesI can’t go out with all these dishes to wash(2)单项填空
You have no idea how she finished the relay race her foot wounded so much.
A．for B．when
C．with D．while答案 C [句意为“她的脚伤得很厉害，却坚持跑完了接力赛，真是难以想象”。wound是及物动词，句中的“wounded”后没有宾语，因而此处wounded 不是动词过去式，而是过去分词(或形容词)，即“her foot wounded”是短语，不是句子，也即“空”处应选用介词。when和while都是连词，B和D应排除；介词for后不可接“名词＋补足语”短语，A也应排除，因此答案为C，此处“with her foot wounded so much”是“with＋名词＋过去分词(或形容词)”形式的“with复合结构”，作状语，表方式。]2．Considering Australia's small population，its outstanding performance at the Olympic Games was really amazing.
考虑到澳大利亚较少的人口，澳大利亚人在奥运会上的突出表现确实令人惊叹。(1)considering...短语作状语＝taking...into consideration，该结构作状语时不要考虑其逻辑主语是这句话的主语，它们被称作独立成份。
(2)considering prep.就……而论，照……说来，与……比起来，以……看起来。例如：
Considering the circumstances，that is not so bad.
照(实情)说，那还算不错。[归纳拓展](3)与considering短语类似用法的v.-ing形式作独立语的短语还有：
judging from(by)意为“从……(来)判断”；generally speaking意为“一般来说”；strictly speaking意为“严格说来”；talking of意为“谈起”；providing/supposing意为“假设”；concerning/regarding意为“关于”等。
(4)consider vt.考虑；认为，把……看作是……
consideration n．考虑
consider doing sth 考虑做某事
consider＋疑问词＋to do sth 考虑……做某事
consider sb/sth as...＝consider sb/sth to be...＝
consider＋sb/sth＋adj./n.[语境感悟]
(1) ，he should have done better.
从他的能力看，他本来应当做得更好。
(2) ，he knows quite a lot about it.
鉴于他才刚刚开始，他懂得的已经不少。
(3)You may your friend，for we are all young people.
你可以将我当成朋友，因为我们都是年轻人。Considering his abilitiesConsidering he’s only startedconsider me as/to be[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①考虑到他生病了，干得还是很好的。
.
②我们正考虑如何去加拿大。
.Considering(that) he was ill，he did well.
Taking it into consideration that he was ill，he did wellWe are considering how to go to Canada＝(2)单项填空
Before you quit your job， how your family would feel about your decision.
A．consider B．considering
C．to consider D．considered
答案 A [before 为时间状语从句，故后面为主句。主句是一个祈使句，故用动词原形。]【如何写提纲类作文】
(1)提纲类写作概述：提纲类写作可分为提纲要点式和提纲表格式两种。命题者把材料分割成信息块，提纲要点式就是将信息块用文字条目的形式表示出来，提纲表格式则是将信息置于表格之中。
(2)命题形式：常见的命题形式有短文提示类、要点提示类和表格提示类三种。它要求考生根据给出的提示性文字，首先确定文章的中心思想，然后紧紧围绕中心思想展开论述，表达主旨。(3)命题特点：①提纲既体现了文章的层次，又规定了各段的大体内容，为考生提供了一条写作思路。考生只要稍加思索、计划、整理即可成文。②考查形式以书信、报道、通知、日记等为主，内容贴近学生的生活实际。
(4)开头常用句式
①We had a heated discussion about/on...
②With the development of...
③At present，there is a wide spread concern that...
④There is no immediate solution to the problem of...，but...might be helpful.
⑤I’m very glad to have the chance to speak here.(5)衔接常用句式
①The main reason why...is that...
②The reasons are as follows.
③Take...for example.
④Besides，we should not neglect that...
⑤Wonderful as...is，however，it has its own disadvantages as well.
⑥As far as I’m concerned，I’m in favor of the first/second view.(6)结尾常用句式
①Taking all these into account/consideration，we may safely reach the conclusion that...
②So we must take measures to...
(7)写作注意事项
①表格提示题虽以表格作为提示，但要求以“短文”的形式(包括不同文体)来表达。答题时应注意不同文体的格式，切忌将短文写成“履历表”。例如：Name：Li Hua
Time of birth：1977.2
Place of birth：Liaoning Dalian
上述“填表式”表达显得滑稽可笑，显然不符合考试要求，正确的表达应为：
My name is Li Hua.I was born in Dalian，Liaoning Province in February 1977.
②灵活变通，避免“硬译式”表达。首先，表格中的汉语提示简洁凝练，概括性强，表达时切忌逐字逐句翻译，简单罗列提示要点，必要时还要做灵活调整或进行补充，这样做的目的是将所要求写的内容准确、完整地表达出来，如：
▲业余爱好：游泳、滑冰、集邮、流行音乐
罗列表达：Hobbies：swimming，skating，collecting stamps，pop music.(劣)机械表达：My hobbies are swimming，skating，collecting stamps，pop music.(劣)
灵活表达：In my spare time I enjoy listening to pop music and collecting stamps.My favorite sports are swimming in summer and skating in winter.(优/高考范文)
▲内容：白天上课、做作业；晚上做作业
机械重复式：In the daytime，we took lessons and had to do our homework.In the evening，we had to do our homework.(劣)灵活变通式：We have to go to school even at weekends and do much homework both in the daytime and in the evening.(优)
▲注意衔接，避免“单句式”表达
高考书面表达不同于单句翻译。有些同学表达时只注意了单个句子的完整性，而忽略了句子与句子之间的衔接以及整个语篇的连贯性，致使全文逻辑性不强，可读性差。试比较：60% of the students think that fees should not be charged，...40% of the students think that fees should be charged.
Opinions are divided on the question.60% of the students are against the idea of entrance fee....On the other hand,40% think that fees should be charged. [即时跟踪]
(2012·江苏高考)生活中冲突时有发生。假设你班同学苏华和李江打篮球时发生争执，导致关系紧张。请你结合此事，并根据以下提示，用英语写一篇短文，向学校英文报“Happy Teens”专栏投稿。注意：1.对所有要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。
2．词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。
3．作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。【写作步骤】
一、谨慎审题，合理谋篇
1．时态：描述经过用一般过去时，发表看法用一般现在时或情态动词等。
2．人称：描述经过用第三人称，发表看法时也可用第一人称。
3．目的：简要清楚地描述经历、分析原因，发表看法。
4．文章布局：
(1)描述经历
(2)分析原因
(3)避免冲突的做法二、列出要点，初步成稿
1．...Su Hua and Li Jiang bumped into each other....
2．They were not calm enough and both said some really mean things.
3．They cared too much about winning and losing.
4．We should be kind to one another.
5．Don’t be self-centered and try to be considerate.三、巧用连接，通顺全篇
【参考范文】
Conflicts with others are common in everyday life.During the basketball game yesterday afternoon，Su Hua and Li Jiang bumped into each other，trying to catch the ball.Then they started shouting and yelling，and it turned into a horrible quarrel.To be honest，it was Su’s fault but Li was also to blame—they were not calm enough and both said some really mean things.They cared too much about winning and losing.As a matter of fact，blocking，pushing and bumping are just part of a tough game.To avoid such conflicts，we should be kind to one another，which is essential to enjoying a harmonious life.It is also a virtue to forgive and forget，especially in such a competitive and stressful society.Instead of blaming each other，we should communicate more and put ourselves in others’ place.
Don’t be self-centered and try to be considerate.We must learn to handle conflicts calmly and wisely.再见课件57张PPT。Unit 2 Witnessing time高中英语·选修9·译林版After the American Revolution won in 1787，the new government in the U．S.A. had to choose a capital city.The thirteen states quarreled about this.So the government decided to build a completely new capital.The land on the River Potomac was given the name District of Columbia(D.C.)．The new Capital was built on the north bank of the river.It was named after George Washington，the president of the U．S.A..Washington D．C.，a government city，is an important cultural(文化) center as well as a big tourist(游览) center.
Most capital cities have simply grown from small cities.Washington，however was planned as the capital of great nation.It was designed by a French artist who first made a study of many capital cities of Europe.In general，his plan followed the plan of the beautiful French city of Versailles.1．When the new capital was built America was made
up of states.
A．thirty B．thirteen
C．fifty D．fifteen
答案 B2．Washington D．C. is the name of .
A．an American president
B．America’s capital
C．a famous river
D．a beautiful garden city
答案 BPeriod One Welcome to the unit & ReadingⅠ.Words：
1．politics n．政治
political adj.政治的
2．associate vt.联想，联系
association n．协会
3．sacred adj.神圣的
4．theft n．偷、盗窃
thief n．小偷、贼
steal vt.偷5．friction n．争端、分歧
6．autonomous adj.自治的
7．clumsy adj.笨拙的
clumsily adv.笨拙地
clumsiness n．笨拙
8．smog n．烟雾
smoggy adj.烟雾迷漫的
9．appoint vt.任命，委任
appointment n．约定
appointed adj.指定的；约定的10．mend vt.修理；解决
11．steady adj.稳步的，持续的
steadily adv.稳固地
steadiness n．坚定性
12．assessment n．评估，评价
assess vt.评定，估价
13．fortnight n．两周
14．sunburnt adj.晒黑的；晒伤的Ⅱ.Phrases：
1．have an influence on 对……有影响
2．carry out执行；实施
3．make advances取得进步
4．in particular特别是
5．in honour of为了纪念……
6．be based on以……为基础
7．associate...with...将……与……联系起来
8．be no different不例外
9．seize control of...夺取了……的控制权
10．under the title of以……的名义，称为Ⅰ.Fast Reading
根据课文内容选择最佳答案
1．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．The world’s civilization originated from old Greece.
B．The ancient Greeks did much to advance the world’s civilization.
C．The Roman alphabet was invented in Rome.
D．The Greek civilization was outstanding in the past but is out of date now.
答案 B2．Which statement is NOT true according to the text?
A．Marathon is a Greek invention.
B．Marathon used to be the name of a place.
C．Marathon is named after a Greek messenger.
D．Marathon is now the name of a distance race.
答案 C3． is the most important surviving building in honour of the Goddess of Athena.
A．The Parthenon
B．The Erechtheum
C．The Temple of Nike
D．The 13-metre-high gold-covered statue
答案 A4．To keep the monument clean，the Greeks have to overcome problems that come from .
A．man，plants and animals
B．bad weather
C．heavy pollution
D．natural disasters
答案 A5．Which of the following is most effective in preserving cultural heritages?
A．Education B．Restoration
C．Rebuilding D．Improvement
答案 AⅡ.Careful Reading
根据课文完成下表，每空一词
The Acropolis Now答案 1.symbol 2.Built 3.Damage 4.forces
5．supply 6.Destroyed 7.stolen 8.Restoration
9．former 10.educationalKey Words
1．In particular，we associate ancient Greek civilization with the capital city of Athens，the greatest symbol of which is the Acropolis.
我们特别要将古希腊文明与其首都雅典城相联系，雅典最伟大的标志就是雅典卫城。 [归纳拓展]
associate vt.联想，联系；adj联合的，副的[语境感悟]
(1)People always the Great Wall China.人们总是把长城与中国联系在一起。
(2)We closely each other during the most difficult time.
在最困难的时期，我们之间的关系密切。associatewithwereassociated with [即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①我从不赞成暴力运动。
.
②我和那家法律服务机构有所联系。
.I have never associated myself with violenceI am associated with that law firm (2)单项填空
John is considering another company so that they will be much stronger.
A．associating with B．associate
C．to associate D．associated with
答案 A [considering 此处意为“考虑”，后接v.-ing形式作宾语，associate (with)意为“使结交或合伙”。]2．In a gesture to help preserve history，the Greek government appointed a committee in 1975 to undertake a complete repair of the Acropolis.
为表示其帮助保存历史的意愿，希腊政府于1975年任命了一个委员会来负责卫城的全面修复工作。 [归纳拓展]
appoint vt.任命，指派；约定，指定；安排[语境感悟]
(1)They him .
他们任命他为经理。
(2)He Williams his deputy in the city of York.
他任命威廉姆斯作为他在约克市的代理人。
(3)I them in the evening.
今晚我与他们有个约会。appointed(to be) managerappointedashave an appointment with [即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①委员会最近任命我为主席。
.
②我的病人没有在约定的时间到。
.Committee members recently appointed me their chairmanMy patient didn’t turn up at the appointed hours(2)单项填空
He had a talent for music and was conductor of Shanghai Symphony Orchestra at the age of 30.
A．assigned B．appointed
C．recommended D．honoured
答案 B [句意为“他有音乐天分，在30岁时被任命为上海乐团管弦乐队的指挥家”。assign分配，分派；appoint任命；recommend推荐；honour授予荣誉。]Key Phrases
1．The Roman alphabet is a Greek invention，as is the marathon，a long distance race created in honour of a Greek soldier who ran from Marathon to Athens to report the victory at the Battle of Marathon in 490 BC.
罗马字母表是希腊人的发明，马拉松赛跑也是。这项长跑比赛是为了纪念一名希腊战士而创设的。公元前490年，这名战士从马拉松一直跑到雅典，报告马拉松战役大捷的消息。 [归纳拓展]
in honor of 表示“为了纪念……”或“为了向……表示致敬”、“为了欢迎……”。[语境感悟]
(1)Two minutes of silence were observed those who died in the war.
为了纪念在战争中牺牲的那些人们，举行了两分钟的默哀。
(2)We gave a banquet the delegation.
我们设宴招待了代表团。
(3)I swear that I know nothing about it.我以人格担保我对此事一无所知。in honour ofin honour ofon my honour[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①你能赏光和我一起用餐吗？
?
②能赏光和我跳个舞吗？
?Would you please do me the honour of dining with meMay I have the honour of dancing with you(2)单项填空
While in London，we paid a visit to the hospital founded Florence Nightingale.
A．in honour of B．in favour of
C．in line with D．in place of
答案 A [句意为“在伦敦期间，我们参观了为了纪念弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔而修建的那所医院。”比较选项可知，in honour of符合语境，即答案为A。]2．In 1458，the Turks defeated the Greeks and seized control of Athens.
1458年土耳其人打败了希腊人并占领了雅典。 [归纳拓展]
seize/take control of 掌握；获取……的控制权[语境感悟]
(1)Thailand government has been overthrown and the country is now the military.
泰国政府被推翻了，现在整个国家都在军队的控制之下。
(2)Firefighters now have had the blaze .
消防队员已经将火焰控制住了。under the control ofunder control [即时跟踪]
(1)根据汉语完成句子
①应该有人能管住这些淘气的孩子。
There must be someone who can
.
②飞机失控，在海上坠毁。
The plane .take control of these naughty boysgot out of control and crashed into the sea(2)单项填空
Drunk driving used to occur frequently，but now it is .
A．under control B．beyond control
C．seize control D．out of control
答案 A [句意：酒驾过去经常发生，但现在得到了控制。under control 被控制。故答案为A。]3．The committee is also undertaking important work to educate the public，based on the assessment that the best way to protect the Acropolis is to prevent damage.
保护卫城的最好方式就是防止破坏。基于这一认识，该委员会还在教育公众方面做了重要的工作。 [归纳拓展]
be based on 以……为基础[语境感悟]
(1)The book a true story.
这本书以一个真实的故事为基础。
(2)You’ll be able to choose a room your own personal taste.
你可以按照自己的品味选择房间。is based onbased on[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①我们应总是把自己的观点建立在事实的基础上。
.
②我们一定要从人民的利益出发。
.One should always base one’s opinion on factsWe must base ourselves on the interests of the people(2)单项填空
an important decision more on emotion than on reason，you will regret it sooner or later.
A．Based B．Basing
C．Base D．To base
答案 B [题意为“如果你根据情感而不根据理智去作出某项重要决定，那么你迟早会后悔的。”分析句子结构可知，句子前半部分应该是非谓语动词短语作条件状语。句中base与主语“you”是主谓关系，因此“空”处应选用现在分词“basing”，即答案为B。]Key Structures
1．The Roman alphabet is a Greek invention，as is the marathon，a long distance race created in honour of a Greek soldier who ran from Marathon to Athens to report the victory at the Battle of Marathon in 490 BC.
罗马字母表是希腊人的发明，马拉松赛跑也是，这项长跑比赛是为了纪念一名希腊战士而创立的。公元前490年，他从马拉松一直跑到雅典去报告马拉松战役大捷。(1)as is the marathon是非限制性定语从句，as为关系代词，代替前面整个主句的内容。
(2)as和which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别：
①as引导非限制性定语从句，多用于修饰前面的整个句子，which则是修饰主句中的一部分或整个句子。
②当非限制性定语从句是否定句时，常用which引导。
③as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在句首，而which不可以。 [归纳拓展][语境感悟]
(1)Jack is tall， .
杰克很高，我的弟弟们也一样。
(2)He opposed the idea， .
不出所料，他反对这个意见。
(3) ，Mary was late for school.
玛丽上学迟到是经常的。as are my brothersas could be expectedAs is often the case[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①美国是联合国的创始国之一，中国也是。
.
②约翰在校非常勤奋，就像你们所有人一样。
.The US is one of founding members of the UN，as is ChinaJohn works very hard in school，just as do all of you(2)单项填空
A lot of language learning， has been discovered，is happening in the first year of life.So parents should talk much to their children during that period.
A．as B．it
C．which D．this答案 A [句意：正如发现的那样，大量的语言学习是在生命的第一年发生的，所以父母应当在那一时期多和孩子说话。分析结构可知“ has been discovered”为一非限制性定语从句，又因空处指代“A lot of language learning is happening...”整个句子，故用as引导。]2．It used to house a 13-metre-high gold-covered statue of Athena as the Goddess of Victory.
它曾经供奉着一尊13米高的镀金胜利女神像。 [归纳拓展]
短语“used＋动词不定式”表示过去的习惯或动作，意为“过去常常”。[语境感悟]
(1)When we were children，we skating every winter.
小时候我们每年冬天都去滑冰。
(2)She to Museum of Science.
她过去不常去科学博物馆。
(3)She spoken to in a rude way.
她不习惯人们用粗鲁的态度对她说话。used to godidn’t use/used not to gois not used to being[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
那棵树被用来制成许多课桌。
.That tree has been used to make a lot of desks(2)单项填空
①He live in the countryside，but he living in the city since he moved there.
A．was used to；used to
B．used to；is used to
C．used to；has been used to
D．was used to；was used to
答案 C [句意：他过去住在乡下，但自从他来到那里他已经习惯了城市生活。used to do 表示“过去常常……”；be used to sth/doing sth 表示“习惯于某事”，且依题意，应用现在完成时。]②There a small boat，which transport passers-by across the river.
A．used to be；was used to
B．used to be；used to
C．use to be；is used to
D．use to be；was used to used
答案 A [there used to be...意为“过去这里有……”；be used to do...意为“被用来做……”，依题意，应用过去时，故答案为A项。]再见课件45张PPT。Period Two Word Power & Grammar
and Usage高中英语·选修9·译林版Ⅰ.Words：
1．inspiration n．灵感；启发灵感的人(事)
inspire vt.鼓舞，激发
inspired adj.受灵感启示的
inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的
2．introduce vt.介绍
introduction n．介绍3．succeed vi.成功
success n．成功
successful adj.成功的
successfully adv.成功地
4．exist vi.存在
existence n．存在，生存
5．belief n．信念
believe vt.相信
believable adj.可信的Ⅱ.Phrases：
1．in that因为
2．protect...from 保护……使免受
3．be opposed to反对
4．come into existence开始存在；成立
5．inspire sb with sth 使某人产生某种感情；激发某人的某种感情Grammar
语法精析：名词性从句
一、主语从句
1．引导词
(1)that
(2)whether
(3)who，which，what，when，where，how，why，whoever，whichever，whatever等。2．that引导主语从句时，that没有意义，但不能省略。
It worried her a bit that her hair was turning white.
她的头发正在变白，这使她有点不安。(that引导主语从句，it作形式主语，that不能省略。)
3．从句作主语时，常由it作形式主语，将主语从句放在后面。
It wasn’t very clear what she meant.
不清楚她是什么意思。
It is important that he should come on time.
他按时来是很重要的。4．whether含义为“是否”，但if不能引导主语从句。whether后面可以加or not。
Whether I knew John doesn’t matter.＝It doesn’t matter whether I knew John.
我是否认识约翰没有关系。二、宾语从句
1．引导词
(1)that无意义，不作成分。
(2)whether，if“是否”。
(3)what，where，when，whatever，whoever等，带有自身含义，语序用陈述。People in Chongqing are proud of what they have achieved in the past ten years.
重庆人以过去十年取得的成就而自豪。
A good friend of mine from when I was born showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing.
在我正要动身去北京前，我幼时的一个朋友来我家里了。2．由whatever，whichever，whoever，whosever引导的宾语从句。
You may do whatever(anything that) you like.
你可以做任何你喜欢的事。
Return the book to whosever(anyone whose)name is on it.
把书还给书上写名字的人。3．介词后的宾语从句，除少数介词except，but外一般不用that引导。表示“是否”，只用whether。
Tom is a nice boy，except that he is sometimes late for school.
汤姆是个很棒的男孩，除了有时上学迟到。
I don’t care about whether he will come.
我不关心他是否要来。
I always think of how I can improve my spoken English.
我总是在考虑如何提高英语口语。4. 形容词后的宾语从句(that可省略)。
I’m afraid(that) I can’t accept your invitation.
恐怕我不能接受你的邀请。
We’re glad that our football team has won the match.
我们很高兴我们的足球队赢了比赛。5. it作形式宾语。
在“及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的结构中，宾语如果是由从句来担任，则通常放在宾补的后面，用形式宾语it来代替它，此时，that一般不可省。
I made it clear that I was determined to carry out the plan.
我很清楚，我已下定决心实施这项计划。
I find it necessary that we should spend more time practising spoken English.
我发现我们应花更多时间练习英语口语。三、表语从句
that和what引导的表语从句的区别。
that引导表语从句时，充当连词的作用，没有实际意义，不作句子成分；what引导的表语从句，既充当连接代词的作用，又作句子成分。
My decision is that all of us are to start at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning.
我的决定是我们所有人明天早上6点出发。The last time we had great fun was when we were visiting the Water Park.
我们上次玩得很快乐是我们在浏览水上公园的时候。
Why not try your luck downtown，Bob？That’s where the best jobs are.
鲍勃，为什么不去市中心碰碰运气呢？在那个地方有最好的工作。四、同位语从句
1．同位语从句常放在fact，news，idea，truth，hope，problem，information，belief，thought，doubt等名词的后面，是对前面的名词作进一步的解释，说明前面的名词的具体的含义。
We should consider the students’ request that the school library provide more books on popular science.
我们应该考虑学生的要求，即学校图书馆应该提供更多的大众科学方面的书籍。The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved.(if不能代替whether来引导同位语从句)
我们是否应该继续做实验的问题已经解决了。
I have no idea when he will come back.
我不知道他将何时回来。2．同位语从句与定语从句的区别
同位语从句是对前面名词的内容作进一步的解释、说明，引导词that只起引导作用，不在句中作任何成分，一般不可省略。定语从句是对前面名词进行修饰、限制，that在句中充当句子成分，作宾语时，可以省略。The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.
他们赢得比赛的消息很快就传遍了整个学校。(同位语从句，解释“the news”的内容)
The news (that) you told me yesterday was really disappointing.
你昨天告诉我的消息真的很令人失望。(定语从句，news是“你昨天告诉我的那个消息”)五、that和what的区别
引导名词性从句时，that没有词义，在从句中不作任何成分。从句的意义完整，而what引导名词性从句时，意为“所……的(东西)”(有时候可不译)，在从句中用来作主语、表语或宾语。
What was most important to her，she told me，was her family.
她告诉我，对她来说最重要的是她的家庭。That she will succeed is certain.＝It is certain that she will succeed.她一定会成功。
China is no longer what she used to be.
中国再也不是从前的中国了。六、“疑问词＋-ever”与“no matter＋疑问词”的区别
“疑问词＋-ever”与“no matter＋疑问词”含义为“无论……”，但是用法有区别：“疑问词＋-ever”既可以引导名词性从句也可引导方式状语从句，而“no matter＋疑问词”只能用来引导方式状语从句。
The book can be of great help to whoever wants to do the job.
那本书对于想要做这份工作的人很有帮助。
Whatever/No matter what you say，I will not believe you.
无论你说什么，我都不相信。[即时跟踪]
Ⅰ.用适当的连词填空
1．I can’t decide dictionary I should buy.
2．That’s he refused my invitation.
3．I am very interested in he has improved his pronunciation in such a short time.
4． we need is more time.which why howWhat5．The fact she had not said anything at the meeting surprised everybody.
6． and they will meet has not been decided yet.
7．Please tell me you are waiting for.
8．Is that you are looking for?
9．Would you please tell me the nearest post office is?
10．I don’t know he will agree to the plan or not.thatWhenwherewho(m)what wherewhetherⅡ.单项填空
1．From space，the earth looks blue.This is about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.
(2013·安徽，21)
A．why B．how C．because D．whether
答案 C [句意：从太空看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面大约71%都被水覆盖着。本题考查表语从句。A：为什么；B：怎么样；C：因为；D：是否。根据句意应选C。]2．It’s good to know the dogs will be well cared for while we’re away.
(2013·山东，30)
A．what B．whose C．which D．that
答案 D [句意：得知在我们离开期间这些狗会得到很好的照顾，这挺好。本题考查名词性从句。“the dogs will be well cared for while we're away”为宾语从句，该从句结构完整，不缺任何成分，故答案为D项。]3． one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.
(2013·江西，30)
A．Whoever B．Whatever
C．Whichever D．Wherever
答案 C [句意：你们之中不管是谁打破了窗户，都要赔偿。本题考查名词性从句。空格处的引导词引导的是主语从句，引导词修饰限制后面的one，且表示在限定范围(you)中的任何一个，故选C项。whoever无论是谁(不能起修饰作用)；whatever无论是什么(没有限定范围)；wherever无论哪儿。]4． I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.
(2013·天津，15)
A．That B．Which
C．Whether D．What
答案 D [句意：我想告诉你的是我对父母的深深的爱和尊重。本题考查主语从句。“ I want to tell you”为主语从句，该从句中缺少宾语，故选what。]5．The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief you are better than anyone else on the sports field.
(2013·浙江，16)
A．how B．that
C．which D．whether
答案 B [句意：唯一能在最高级别(体育赛事中)胜出的方法就是要完全相信在运动场上你比其他任何人都优秀。本题考查同位语从句。本题空格处引导的句子作belief的同位语从句，故用that。]6．Police have found appears to be the lost ancient statue.(2013·课标Ⅰ，26)
A．which B．where
C．how D．what
答案 D [句意：警方发现了看起来像那件丢失的古代雕像的东西。本题考查宾语从句。“ appears...”为宾语从句，该从句缺少主语且表示“物”，故用what引导。]7． you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.
(2013·四川，6)
A．When B．How C．What D．That
答案 C [句意：你在会上所说的话描述了公司美好的未来。本题考查主语从句。“ you said at the meeting”为主语从句，该从句缺少宾语且表示“物”，故用what引导。when在名词性从句中作时间状语，意为：……时候；how在名词性从句中作方式状语，意为：如何；that引导名词性从句，只起连接作用，没有任何意义。]8．It remains to be seen the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice.
(2013·陕西，20)
A．that B．which C．what D．whether
答案 D [句意：新组成的委员会制定的政策是否能实施还有待观察。考查名词性从句。题干中it是形式主语，空格处引导主语从句，whether符合句意。]9． makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.
(2013·北京，31)
A．That B．What C．Who D．Which
答案 B [句意：让这本书不同寻常的是作者创造性的想象力。本题考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知空格处引导主语从句，从句部分缺少主语成分，且指的是“事或物”，排除A和C项。没有在限定范围内选择的意义，可排除D项，故选B项。]10．Experts believe people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.
(2013·北京，33)
A．why B．where C．that D．what
答案 C [句意：专家认为人们可以通过只有需要(食物)时才去购买这一方法来减少食物的浪费。本题考查宾语从句。空格处引导的宾语从句的结构和意思都很完整，故选C项。]11．Do not let any failures discourage you，for you can never tell close you may be to victory.
(2013·湖南，28)
A．how B．that C．which D．where
答案 A [句意：不要因失败而泄气，因为你永远也不会知道成功可能离你有多近。本题考查宾语从句。“ close you may be to victory”为宾语从句，设空处后close为形容词，故选how。] 12． struck me most in the movie was the father’s deep love for his son.
(2013·重庆，28)
A．That B．It C．What D．Which
答案 C [句意：影片中最打动我的是父亲对他儿子深厚的爱。本题考查主语从句。在主语从句中缺主语，排除A项；本题不存在形式主语，故排除B项；根据句意排除D项。]13．The notice came around two in the afternoon the meeting would be postponed.
A．when B．that C．whether D．how
答案 B [句意：下午2点左右，有人通知说会议要推迟了。本题考查同位语从句。came around two in the afternoon把名词notice及其同位语从句分隔开来，增加了题目的难度。同位语从句意义和结构完整，不缺少任何成分，所以用连接词that引导，故答案为B项。]14．It doesn’t matter you pay by cash or credit card in this store.
A．how B．whether
C．what D．why
答案 B [句意：在这个商店里你用现金支付还是用信用卡支付都没有关系。本题考查主语从句。it是形式主语，真正的主语是 ．..in this store。or 提示使用whether构成选择关系，其他选项均不符合题意。]15．Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt he could have expressed it differently.
A．why B．how
C．that D．whether
答案 C [句意：Jerry并不后悔作了点评，只是觉得他本可以用不同的方式表达出来。本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句句子完整，不缺少句子成分，故用that引导，C项为正确答案。]16．It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.
A．how B．which
C．that D．what
答案 D [句意：总统可以采取什么措施来结束罢工一点都不清楚。本题考查主语从句。it为形式主语，空格处引导的从句为真正的主语。从句中do后缺少宾语，故由what引导该主语从句。]17．The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for he could find about Mark Twain.
A．wherever B．however
C．whatever D．whichever
答案 C [句意：这位新来的人前几天去了图书馆寻找他能找到的关于马克·吐温的书。考查宾语从句。设空处在介词for后的宾语从句中作宾语，而wherever(无论在哪里)，however(无论多么)在从句中作状语；whichever无论哪一个，与句意不符。whatever无论什么，符合句意，故C为答案。]18．Scientists study human brains work to make computers.
A．when B．how
C．that D．whether
答案 B [句意：为了制造电脑，科学家们研究人的大脑是如何工作的。本题考查宾语从句。when表示时间；how表示方式；that没有意义；whether表示“是否”。根据句意可知，此处表示方式，意为“如何”。]19．It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office.
A．whether B．where
C．which D．that
答案 D [句意：他突然想起他把钥匙落在办公室里了。本题考查主语从句。“It occurs to sb that...”句型表示“某人想起……”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的从句。]20．As many as five courses are provided，and you are free to choose suits you best.
A．whatever B．whichever
C．whenever D．wherever
答案 B [句意：这里有五门课程供你选择，你可以自由选择任何一门最适合你的。本题考查宾语从句。从句中缺少主语成分，故排除C和D选项。题干中已给出选择的范围as many as five courses are provided，因此选择B项符合句意。]再见课件85张PPT。Period Three Task & Project高中英语·选修9·译林版Ⅰ.Words：
1．divorce vt.& vi.离婚；使分离
divorce n．离婚；分离
2．affair n．风流韵事；公共事物，事件
3．sentence vt.判刑，n.判决，宣判
sentence n．句子
4．royal adj.王室的，皇家的5．upper adj.上边的，上部的
up adv.向上，在上面
6．decoration n．装饰品；装潢
decorate v．装饰，装潢
7．fragrant adj.芬芳的
8．civilian n．平民
9．apparent adj.明显的
10．regulation n．管理，规章制度11．stress vt.强调；重读
stress n．强调，重读
stressed adj.紧张的，有压力的
12．register vt.& vi.登记，注册
13．assistance n．帮助，援助
assist vt.&vi.帮助
14．fragile adj.易损的；易碎的；脆弱的Ⅱ.Phrases：
1．be charged with被指控犯有……罪
2．sentence somebody to death判处某人死刑
3．on behalf of somebody代表某人，代替某人
4．in terms of在……方面，从……方面来说
5．set sail to起航去
6．be equal to和……一样的，平等的
7．be open to对……开放的
8．under the protection of在……的保护下Ⅰ.Fast Reading
根据课文内容选择最佳答案
1．Why did the Emperors or their family members bury so much wealth in their tombs according to the text?
A．They wanted to keep the valuable things from possible robbery.
B．They greatly valued cultural heritage.
C．They wanted to continue their comfortable life even after they died.
D．They wanted to continue their power.
答案 C2．Which tomb is the most important one among Shisanling?
A．Changling B．Dingling
C．Zhaoling D．Xiaoling
答案 A3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．The Qing Imperial Tombs are greatly different in structure from the Ming ones.
B．The first emperor of the Ming Dynasty was buried in the suburbs of Nanjing.
C．The Qing Imperial Tombs chose mountains and valleys as their sites while the Ming imperial tombs chose the plains.
D．All of the emperors of the Qing Dynasty were buried in the same place.
答案 B4．Which of the following does the Xiling feature?
A．Its size is much smaller.
B．It has three gates as the entrance to the tombs.
C．It was built after Manchu rulers got into trouble.
D．It contained only four of the Qing emperors.
答案 B5．To preserve cultural remains， is NOT one of the necessities.
A．money
B．international recognition
C．changing locations
D．education
答案 CⅡ.Careful Reading
根据课文完成下表，每空一词答案 1.which 2.located 3.lined 4.including
5．containing 6.similar 7.unlike 8.recognition
9．protect 10.treasureKey Words
1．His first wife，Catherine，did not give birth to one，so he decided to divorce her.他的第一任妻子凯瑟琳没能生小孩，因此他决定和她离婚。[归纳拓展]
divorce vt.与……离婚，使离婚；使分离；使脱离
n．离婚；分离；脱离
divorce sth from sth 把……和……分开
be divorced from reality 脱离现实[语境感悟]
(1)Mr Hill at the age of 70.
希尔先生七十岁的时候与他妻子离婚。
(2)Their marriage ended
他们的婚姻以离婚收场。
(3)She refuses to divorce him though he has been unfaithful to her.
虽然他曾对她不忠，她仍拒绝与他离婚。divorced his wifein divorce.[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
政治不应该脱离普通老百姓的生活。
Politics should not be divorced from the lives of ordinary
people.(2)单项填空
Eventually，the husband could no longer put up with his wife’s complaints about his inability to make much money and he her.
A．divorced with
B．divorced
C．would divorce
D．would divorced with答案 B [divorce是及物动词，divorce sb意为“与某人离婚”，根据句意可知选B。]2．Many of the decorations are made from a fragrant type of wood native to China，and the floor is covered with ‘gold’ bricks.
许多饰品都是用一种中国产的香木制成，地面则铺着’金’砖。[归纳拓展]
decoration n．装饰，装潢；(复数)装饰品；勋章；奖章
decorate v.装饰，装潢；授勋给
decorate...with...用……装饰……
be decorated for...因……而获勋章[语境感悟]
(1)They for the festival.
他们在为节日布置装饰品。
(2)When will they finish the bathroom?
他们什么时候才能把盥洗室装饰好？
(3)The soldier bravery.
那个士兵因勇敢而获勋章。are putting up decorationsthe decoration ofwas decorated for[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
大厅里装饰着花朵。
The hall was decorated with flowers.(2)单项填空
We want the window flowers.
A．decorate，with B．decorate，in
C．to decorate，with D．to decorate，use
答案 C [decorate...with...用……来装饰……；want to do...想要做……。]3．This is helping to bring needed attention，assistance and money for protecting the Ming and Qing Tombs.
这有助于获取必要的关注、援助和资金来保护明清陵寝。
[归纳拓展]
assistance n．帮助，援助[易混辨析]
assist/help/aid[语境感悟]
(1)He came
他来帮助我。
(2)I’ll them.
我要帮助他们。to my assistance.give (lend，render)assistance to[即时跟踪]
翻译句子
(1)他帮他父亲洗车了。
(2)我的父亲帮忙盖新房子。
He assisted his father in cleaning the car.My father assisted in building houses.Key Phrases
1．In 1603，Raleigh was charged with the crime of betraying his country，and sentenced to death.
1603年，罗利被宣判叛国罪，并处以死刑。
[归纳拓展1]
be charged with 被指控犯有……罪charge vt.控告；要价；充电。
charge n.费用，价钱，索价；掌管；照顾；责任；控告，指控
charge sb with sth 因某事控告某人
charge sb some money for...因……向某人收费
in charge of...控制，支配……
in the charge of sb在某人的支配之下
free of charge(＝for free)免费 [易混辨析]
charge/cost/expense/price[语境感悟1]
(1)The suspect robbery.
嫌疑犯被控告犯有抢劫罪。
(2)All forms of recreation will be provided by the city.
所有形式的消遣娱乐都将由城市免费提供。
(3)The chief engineer the building of the subway.
总工程师负责指挥地铁的建造工程。was charged withfree of chargewas in charge of directing [即时跟踪1]
(1)翻译句子
①他们收了多少修理费？
②给电池充一次电要花十个小时。
What did they charge for the repairs?It takes ten hours to charge a battery.[归纳拓展2]
sentence sb to death判处某人死刑sentence vt.宣判，判决 n.判刑，徒刑；句子
pass sentence on sb 判某人的刑
serve a sentence 服刑
reduce a sentence减刑
make a sentence with...用……造句[语境感悟2]
(1)The criminal was
这名罪犯被判处死刑。
(2)The judge five years in prison.
法官判决那个小偷五年徒刑。
(3)Make these words please.
请用这些词造句。sentenced to death.sentenced the thief tosentences with[即时跟踪2]
(2)John was very upset because he was by the police with breaking the law.
A．accused B．arrested
C．sentenced D．charged
答案 D [句意为“约翰非常不安，因为他被警察指控违反了法律”。](3)The young man with stealing on the bus was to one year’s prison.
A．charging；sentenced
B．charged；sentenced
C．accused；sentencing
D．accusing；sentenced答案 B [句意：那个在公共汽车上偷东西的年轻人被判处一年牢狱。be charged with意为“被指控……”；accuse则应与介词of搭配，因此，第一空应选charged。第二空意为“被判处……”，为被动语态，故选sentenced。所以答案为B项。]2．In 1616，he was given permission to make a trip to South America to look for gold on behalf of King James.
1616年，他被允许去南美淘金，国王詹姆士是这次旅行的发起者。
[归纳拓展]
on behalf of sb 代表某人，代替某人
on/in sb's behalf 为了/代替/代表某人(的利益)
behalf n.方面，利益，支持 [语境感悟]
(1)I’m doing a project about global warming.
我正代表学校做一项有关全球变暖的课题研究。
(2)I wrote him several letters
我代表你给他写了几封信。on behalf of my schoolon your behalf.[即时跟踪]
翻译句子
他一生都为穷苦大众努力工作。He worked hard all his life in behalf of the poor people.3．It is apparent that the Qing Tombs are influenced by the Ming Tombs，especially in terms of architecture and the way they are placed among the surrounding mountains and valleys.
清陵明显受到明陵的影响，尤其是在建筑风格以及根据周围山脉山谷布局选择陵寝地址方面。[归纳拓展]
in terms of 就……而言，从……方面说来
be on good terms with sb 与某人关系好
come to terms with sb 与某人达成协议
come to terms with sth 接受令人不快的事实
in the long/short term 从长/短期看[语境感悟]
(1)The job is great ，but it has its disadvantages.
就薪金而言，这个工作倒是挺不错的，但也有一些不利之处。
(2)Please give the answer
请按百分比给出答案。
(3)They after long bargaining.
经过长时间的讨价还价之后，他们达成了协议。in terms of salaryin terms of a percentage.came to terms[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
从投资的角度来考虑那件事。
Think of it in terms of an investment.(2)单项填空
achievement，last week’s ministerial meeting of the WTO here earned a low，though not failing，grade.
A．In terms of B．In case of
C．As a result of D．In face of
答案 A [in terms of 就……而言，从……方面来说；in case of以防；as a result of由于；in face of 面对。]Key Structures
1．Unfortunately，Raleigh failed to find gold，so his death sentene was brought back upon his return，and he was killed in 1618.
不幸的是雷利没能找到黄金，所以他一回来就被判处死刑。在1618年执行。[归纳拓展]
(1)本句unfortunately为副词作状语修饰全句，通常放在句首且用逗号隔开。
(2)同样用法的常用词有：fortunately，luckily，unluckily，happily，sadly，surprisingly，disappointingly等。[语境感悟]
(1) ，we didn’t live up to their expectations.
令人失望的是，我们没有达到他们的期待。
(2) ，we finished our task on time.
令我们高兴的是，我们按时完成了任务。DisappointinglyHappily for us[即时跟踪]
翻译句子
(1)幸运的是，他爸爸的第二任妻子对他很好。
(2)不幸的是，他没有实现自己计划的目标。
Luckily，his father’s second wife was kind to him.Sadly，he didn’t achieve his goal that he had planned.2．Most of the Ming tombs can be found 50 kilometres north-west of Beijing in a place called Shisanling，which means(thirteen tombs) in Chinese.
明朝的坟墓大多位于北京西北50公里处的一个叫做十三陵(有十三座坟墓)的地方。(1)该句中的called＝which is called，属于分词作定语。
(2)非谓语动词作定语时，看它同所修饰的名词或代词的逻辑关系和发生的时间来确定具体形式：主动关系且正在进行，用doing；被动关系且正在进行用being done，被动关系且已完成用done，被动关系且将来发生用to be done。[语境感悟]
(1)There are lots of good English language programmes
on TV or the radio in China.
在中国有许多优秀的英语节目在电视或收音机上播出。
(2)Two days later I received a letter offering me the job.
两天后，我收到一封向我提供工作的信。broadcast[即时跟踪]
(1)写出动词适当形式
①The library (修建) last year is modern.
The library (修建) now is modern.
The library (修建) next year is modern.
②Listen！The song (正在唱) is very popular with the students.builtbeing builtto be builtbeing sung(2)单项填空
The first textbooks for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A．having written B．to be written
C．being written D．written答案 D [选项A为主动形式，但动词与所修饰的主语textbooks具有逻辑上的动宾关系，故可排除；选项B为不定式的被动式，在时间概念上表示将来，与句子的时态不符，必须排除；选项C为现在分词被动式，在时间概念上表示“进行”，不能满足试题要求；选项D项written既表示被动又表示完成，切合试题要求，是正确答案。]【如何写图表类作文】
(1)图表类作文是高考英语书面表达的常考题型之一，此类题型要求考生根据数据进行分析与讨论，得出令人信服的结论，或者对这一结论进行评价。本类体裁的文章往往按照“总——分——总”的模式进行写作。具体来说就是，先总体上提出观点，概括全文，即开门见山地点明图表的主题，再分点论述，最后再回归论点或提出自己的看法。其中，分点论述是文章的关键，一定要把握好分类词汇和对比连词的选用。其中常见的信息呈现形式及其解答策略如下：①柱状图作为直观形象展示数据变化的手段之一，常常在高考英语书面表达试题中出现。而柱状图类议论文要求考生要具备一定的数据分析能力，要能够通过对宽度相等的柱形的高度的比较来判断事物的动态发展趋势；②英语曲线图作文实际是一篇“解说词”，即通过曲线图提供的信息，分析图中数据，综合出文章的主题。解答此类试题时，要认真观察坐标系信息，抓住曲线图变化趋势，结合提供的时间和数据参照寻求切入点。然后根据曲线图的变化过程，尽可能利用所给的文字信息进行分类、比较、总结。另外，写作过程中不必将图中全部数据信息加以描述，只需将典型内容加以分析。还有，要注意根据有无时间参照确定整篇文章时态。(2)引入话题常用句式
①It shows/indicates in the chart that...
②As is shown/indicated in the chart...
③It can be seen from the table that...
④50% of the people surveyed express the satisfaction with...，while...
⑤From the sharp/marked rise/decline in the chart，it goes without saying that...(3)图表式作文的描述方法
第一种情况：横向对比。描述这种图表需要对比各类数据间的差别，主要以数值、倍数、排列等方式来描述。
常用句型：
①A department has the lowest sales figure in the three departments，followed by the B department and C department.
②The figure of A is about twice as much as that of B.③The income from sales is 10 million，making the company the highest one in sales.
④The A’s income reaches 20 million，which is in the middle of the list.第二种情况：纵向说明。只要指出不同单位之间的比较，描述如何增减，增减幅度如何，反映出什么问题，就可以了。
描述这样的图表时，可用以下词汇和句型：
①The rise lasted for two weeks and then began to level off in June.
②The trend/increase slowed down in May.③The trend of increasing working hours began to gain momentum in January.(开始走强)
④Prices went up by 50%，but the number of smokers maintained.
常用词汇及表达法：increase，decrease，rise，fall，slow down，level off，pick up speed，maintain，drop，the trend reverses，decline，gain/lose momentum，a steady/substantial(实质性的) increase第三种情况：纵向、横向均有的说明。这种图表不仅要注意同一事物的变化趋势，也要注意不同事物之间的差距及变化。
表示百分比常用句型：
①It accounts for 30% of the total population.
②There are 4 members with master’s degrees，making up nearly a quarter of the workforce.
③Doctors make up 40% of the staff in the hospital.表示增长率的常用句型：
①The figure of income increased by about 200% as compared with ten years ago.
②The number of students has reached 200，indicating a rise of 4%，compared to last year.(4)总结式评论常用句式
①personally speaking/in a word/in conclusion/in short/on the whole
②It can be concluded that...
③From the above discussion，we...
④As far as I’m concerned，I hold the point/the view that...(5)图表式作文的写作注意事项
①以题目中的要求为指导，审慎解读图表，准确把握图表传递的信息。
②表格图形要求对大量数字进行分析，找出其变化规律。
③曲线图形要求观察曲线变化规律，一般找出它发展的几个点(如最高点和最低点)，以此说明问题。④柱形图要注意柱形的高度，并由此判断事物的动态发展趋势。
⑤饼形图应弄清部分与整体、部分与部分之间的相互关系。这种关系通常是以百分比的数字形式给出的。
⑥对所给出的所有数据信息切忌逐一叙述，以防主次不分或重点不突出。[即时跟踪]
(2012·银川一中模拟)2012龙年央视春晚亮点之一，节目中无一广告植入。最近，某网站举行了一次题为“对今年春晚无广告植入的态度”的调查，请根据以下饼图(pie chart)所示信息用英语写一篇短文，并提出你自己的看法。
注意：1.对所给提示，不要简单翻译，可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
2．词数在150左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
3．植入广告：product placement一、谨慎审图表审题，合理谋篇
1．时态：一般现在时为主。
2．人称：第三人称。
3．目标：说明调查情况，提出自己的看法。
4．文章布局：(1)说明调查情况。(2)提出自己看法。【写作步骤】二、列出要点，初步成稿
1．①20% of the people think it is necessary for the reform of CCTV and it is very beneficial to the development of CCTV itself.
2．②Because there are too many product advertisements in the past,15% think that great harm has been done to the image of CCTV.
3．③Too many advertisements are not related to the theme of the whole evening party.Too many advertisements are meaningless.It takes up 20%.4．④15% of them think that it will bring advertisers a great loss.
5．⑤Product advertisements in proper amounts are acceptable.It should take the audience’s feelings into consideration and put their needs in the first place.
6．⑥Product advertisements naowadays is almost unavoidable.It should not damage the art of the show and should take the audience’s feelings into account. 三、巧用连接，通顺全篇
【参考范文】 The 2012 Spring Festival Gala has first set a unique record in the history of 30 years’ SFG——no product placement in the programs，which accordingly has caused heated discussions.As is shown in the pie chart,20% of the people surveyed think it is a great need for the reform of CCTV，which is of great benefit to the development of CCTV itself.On the contrary，due to too many product placements in the past,15% hold the view that great harm has been done to the image of CCTV.And 30% of them consider it is full of happiness and creation，which can set a good example for the next.Not related to the theme of the whole evening party，too many are meaningless，which takes up 20%.However，about 15% of them think that not only will it bring advertisers a great loss but also the related departments.
As far as I am concerned，no product placement nowadays may be acceptable，and it should be advocated in the society.Most importantly，it should first take the audience’s feeling into account.再见课件69张PPT。Unit 3 The meaning of colour高中英语·选修9·译林版Blue ice cream topped(浇) with black fruit sounds uncommon and not delicious at all.That’s the power of colour.It could either make your dinner more delicious or spoil the whole table.Scientists have found that blue may make people lose appetite(食欲)．If you don’t want to eat too much at your classmate’s birthday party，put your cake on a blue plate.You’ll stop eating soon.Why is it that people don’t want to eat when they see blue？It’s all in the mind.People connect the colour of food they see to the food in their memory.But where does one find blue food？There are almost no blue vegetables and no blue meat.So people have an“uncommon”or“strange”feeling about the blue food.Also，people try to keep away from being poisoned.For thousands of years，people think that blue，purple and black were “colour warning signs”．Foods of these colours are most probably poisonous.
Then what are tasty colours？Scientists say people would like to eat more at the sight of red or colours close to it.So what should go into dishes？You need to think it over before helping your mum with dinner.1．According to this passage，which food do people usu- ally prefer?
A．Blue vegetables.
B．Purple bread.
C．Red meat.
D．Black fruit.
答案 C2．According to this passage，which colour may make
people dislike eating?
A．Blue. B．Green.
C．Red. D．Yellow.
答案 APeriod One Welcome to the unit & ReadingⅠ.Words：
1．sew vt.& vi.缝；做针线活
2．fundamental adj.根本的，十分重大的；基础的
3．abolish vt.废除，废止
4．liberation n．解放
liberate v．解放5．equality n．平等
inequality n．不平等
equal adj.平等的
unequal adj.不平等的
6．symbolize vt.象征，代表
7．justice n．正义，公平
just adj.公正的，合理的；合法的8．honesty n．诚实
dishonesty n．不诚实
honest adj.诚实的
9．salute n．致敬；vt.&vi.致敬，敬礼
salution n．致敬
10．settler n．移民
settle vt.解决，安排，使定居vi.定居，下沉
11．rate n．比率；vt.&vi.评估，划分等级12．object vi.反对，不赞成
objection n．反对，异议
13．compromise vt.妥协，让步
compromise n．妥协
14．station vt.派驻，使驻扎
station n．车站，地位
15．separation n．分离
separate vt.&vi.分开，使分离adj.分开的，单独的 16．submit vi.&vt.顺从，投降；提交
submission n．服从；屈服；提交
17．virtue n．美德；优点
18．spiritual adj.精神的，心灵的
spirit n．精神
19．purity n．纯洁，纯粹
pure adj.纯的20．similarity n．相似点，相似性
similar adj.相似的，同类的
similarly adv.相似地；类似地
21．outspoken adj.直率的
22．substitute vt.&vi.替换，替代
substitute n．替代者，替代品Ⅱ.Phrases：
1．at random随机，随意
2．date back to追溯到，始于
3．get one’s way随心所欲
4．split off from脱离，分离
5．rid...of摆脱，去掉
6．make up组成，构成
7．have a link with与……有联系
8．along with此外，和
9．submit to屈服于Ⅰ.Fast Reading
根据课文内容选择最佳答案
1．From a national flag we can read the following except .
A．the position of the country
B．beliefs
C．values
D．culture
答案 A2．When was the flag first used?
A．Before 1789.
B．Just at the beginning of the French Revolution.
C．Just after the French Revolution.
D．In 1799.
答案 B3．What does the colour RED represent on the French flag?
A．Origin B．Blood
C．Peace D．Honesty
答案 B4．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Revolution created the USA.
B．The earliest USA used to be much smaller in size than it is today.
C．Britain used to colonize all the fifty states.
D．Not all the colonists in the US liked the rule of Britain.
答案 C5．When the British refused their desire for independence，the colonists thought .
A．their freedom was a must and they had to obtain it by force
B．they had to wait and look for a new opportunity
C．their freedom could be given up
D．they were at a loss between peace and war
答案 AⅡ.Careful Reading
根据课文内容完成下表，每空一词答案 1.Reasons 2.fair 3.Result 4.caused 5.enjoyed 6.Importance/Significance 7.rid 8.influenced/affected/impacted 9.remind 10.InfluenceKey Words
1．The colours red，blue and white used on the flag remind us of the motto of the Revolution—liberty，equality and fraternity.
法国国旗上使用的红色、蓝色和白色是大革命座右铭的形象提示——自由、平等、博爱。[归纳拓展]
equality n．平等
equal vt.等于，抵得上；adj.相等的，胜任的；平静的；n.同等/相等的人或物
unequal adj.不平等的
inequality n.不平等
equal...in...在……方面比得上……
be equal to＋n./doing sth 等于；有做某事的能力
be without equal/have no equal 无与伦比[语境感悟]
(1)In some countries black people
white people.
在一些国家黑人没有和白人同等的权利。
(2)His ability performing this duty.
他的能力不足以胜任这个职责。
(3)Keep in danger.
危险时保持冷静。do not have equality withwas not equal toan equal mind[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①三加七等于十。
②我们的舞艺没有一个能比得上她。
Three plus seven equals ten.None of us can equal her as a dancer.(2)单项填空
After a month of training，he became equal the work as a driver.
A．with B．in C．for D．to
答案 D [be equal to在此意为“胜任”。句意为“经过一个月的训练，他可以胜任司机这份工作了”。]2．When the Americans objected to this，the British would not compromise，but increased control over their American colonies instead，taking away many of their rights.
当美洲人对此表示反对时，英国人不但没有让步，反而加强了对殖民地的控制，剥夺了美洲人的许多权利。[归纳拓展1]
object v．不同意，不赞成，反对；n.物体，对象，目的，宾语
objection n.反对；厌恶
object to sb/sth反对，不赞成某人/某事
object to doing sth 反对做某事
object to sb doing sth反对某人做某事
raise an objection to (doing) sth
对(做)某事提出异议
have/make an objection to (doing) sth
对(做)某事表示反对[语境感悟1]
(1)Some members of the committee our proposal.
有些委员反对我们的提案。
(2)He objected to like a child.
他讨厌被当作小孩子对待。
(3)She raised his taking any risks.
她反对他冒任何风险。objected tobeing treatedan objection to[即时跟踪1]
(1)翻译句子
①他不反对一遍又一遍地解释那个问题。
②老板不会反对你在他办公室抽烟。
He did not object to explaining the problem over and again.The boss doesn’t object if you smoke in his office.(2)单项填空
She asked me to give up smoking.She the smell of it.
A．referred to B．preferred
C．objected to D．catered to
答案 C [句意：她要我戒烟，她不喜欢烟的味道。refer to参考，涉及；prefer较喜欢，宁愿；object to反对，不喜欢；cater to迎合，满足……的要求。][归纳拓展2]
compromise vi.妥协，折中，互让；n.妥协，和解，连累，危及reach/come to a compromise(between/on)sth和解，达成妥协
make a compromise with与……妥协
by compromise 折衷
compromise one's principles/beliefs/ideas
违背原则/放弃信仰/背弃理想
compromise with sb与某人和解
compromise on sth以折衷方法解决争论、争端等[语境感悟2]
(1)最重要的是，通过相互妥协来作决定总是明智的。
Most important of all，it’s always wise to make decisions .
(2)为了和谐地生活，有时你需要做出让步。
In order to live in harmony，sometimes you need to
.
(3)我们不愿在安全标准问题上妥协。
We are not prepared to safety standards.by compromisemake a compromisecompromise on[即时跟踪2]
(3)翻译句子
①我们从来不在根本问题上妥协。
②他们觉得与她妥协更明智。
We never compromise on fundamentals.They found it wiser to compromise with her.(4)单项填空
—Will they agree on each other?
—No，neither side is ready to .
A．donate B．distribute
C．substitute D．compromise
答案 D [句意：——他们会互相同意吗？——不会。任何一方都不愿意妥协。compromise妥协，折衷，符合句意。donate捐赠；distribute分配，分发；substitute用……代替……。]3．...and the Irish substituted a new flag for the old one.
……并且爱尔兰用一面新国旗代替了旧国旗。
[归纳拓展]
substitute vt.&vi.替换，替代n.替代者，替代品[语境感悟]
(1)The manager was unable to attend but sent his deputy
.
经理不能出席，派了个副手代替他。
(2)We red balls blue ones，to see if the baby would notice.
我们用红球代替蓝球，看这是否会引起婴儿的注意。
(3)This fan an air conditioner.
这台电风扇是空调的替代品。as a substitutesubstituteforis a substitute for[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①她用蜂蜜代替糖。
②铅笔代替钢笔。
She substitutes honey for sugar.A pencil substitutes for a pen.(2)单项填空
—Are you prepared to to my decision?
—I have to，I can’t find one even better than yours.
A．substitute B．subscribe
C．submit D．support
答案 C [句意：——你准备对我的决定让步吗？——是的。我找不出比你的决定更好的。substitute用……代替……；subscribe捐助；submit屈服，让步；support支持。]Key Phrases
1．These flags are more than just pieces of cloth sewn together at random with thread.
这些旗帜不仅仅是随意用线缝在一起的几块布。
[归纳拓展]
at random 随便地，任意地，随机地go on the random 狂饮，嬉闹
random process 随机过程
a random guess 随意乱猜
random adj.胡乱的，任意的n.任意行动，随机过程(现只用于at random中)[语境感悟]
(1)He read a great deal—but for pleasure.
他读了很多书——都是随心所欲，读着玩的闲书。
(2)Please don’t spit .
请不要随便吐痰。at randomat random[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①恐怖分子胡乱地向人群开枪。
②当我们坐在那里的时候，我随便问了爱伦几个问题。
I asked of Ellen as we sat there.The terrorists fired into the crowd at random.a few random questions(2)单项填空
She opened the book and started reading.
A．at ease B．at present
C．at least D．at random
答案 D [句意：她随便翻开书然后开始读起来。at ease轻松；at present目前；at least 至少；at random任意，随便，符合题意。]2．The flag，which is made up of a red band over a white one，is based on a national flag dating back to the 13th century，which had nine red and white stripes.
这面国旗由上红下白的两道彩条组成，是以13世纪的九道红白条的国旗为基础的。[归纳拓展]
date back to/from 从……时就有；追溯至……，远在……(年代)，无进行时态和被动语态date n.日期；约会
up-to-date最近的，现代的
out of date 过时的
up to date现代的，据目前所知的
keep a date赴约
have a date with sb 与某人有个约会
put a date to sth 给某事注明日期
to date到目前为止
fix a time/date for 为……确定时间/日期 [语境感悟]
(1)This is an old building the 16th century.
这是一栋追溯至16世纪的古老建筑物。
(2)I’ve Lucy tomorrow night.
明天晚上我与露西有个约会。
(3)The model is the newest and most
这一款是最新的，也是最时尚的。dating back togot a date withup to date.[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
这一习俗可以追溯到几百年前。
The custom dates back to/dates from hundreds of years ago.(2)单项填空
This custom began in the 1300s，so it more than 700 years.
A．dates back to B．goes back to
C．dates back D．dates up
答案 C [date back to/date from/go back to 意为“追溯到”，后面接时间点。date back意为“延续了”，后面接时间段。]3．...they declared that they would no longer submit to British rule.This led to war，and to America gaining its independence.
他们宣布不再屈服于英国的制度，这引发了战争，从而也造就了美国的独立。[归纳拓展]
submit to 提交，上交，递交；屈服于submit v.顺从；投降；提交
submission n.服从，屈服；提交
submit (oneself) to 服从……，顺从……
submit sth to向……提交……
submit that 认为……
submit an entry报名参加
submit willingly心悦诚服
in submission to服从；听从 [语境感悟]
(1)They refused to the unjust decision.
他们拒绝服从这个不公正的决定。
(2)All important problems the committee for discussion.
一切重要问题均须提交委员会讨论。
(3) he is mistaken.
我认为他错了。submit tomust be submitted toI submit that[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①他只好让卫兵搜查。
②少数应服从多数。
He submitted himself to a search by the guards.The minority should submit to the majority.(2)单项填空
All these documents must be the university you are applying for before December,31.
A．donated to B．sent in
C．submitted to D．handed in答案 C [句意：“所有这些文件必须在12月31日之前 你所申报的大学。”由语境可推断出，“空”处应表示“提交”。表示“提交，递交”的submit(sth to sb)符合语境。此处采用的是被动语态形式，即“sth be submitted to sb”。答案为C。donate“捐赠，捐献”；send可表示“寄，送”，常与介词to连用，即“send sth to sb”；hand in 可表示“递交，呈送”，常见结构为“hand sth in to sb”。]Key Structures
1．Strengthened by the Revolution，France became a different country.法国由大革命得到壮大，后来成为一个完全不同的国家。
[归纳拓展]
(1)本句中非谓语动词短语Strengthened by...作原因状 语，其逻辑主语是France，France和strengthen的关 系是被动的。(2)过去分词短语还可在句中作时间，条件，让步，伴随，方式等状语。
(3)过去分词只有一种形式，也没有主动语态，它所表示的动作是一个被动的或是已完成的动作。
(4)过去分词作状语时，相当于一个状语从句，该结构的逻辑主语一般都是主句的主语，是过去分词所表示意义的逻辑宾语。为了使作状语的过去分词意义更加明确，常在分词前加when，if，while，though，as等连词。[语境感悟]
(1) ，she asked me to go with her.
由于害怕，她要我跟她一起去。(表原因)
(2) ，our town looks beautiful.
从山上看，我们的小镇很美。
(3) ，we could have done it better.
多给点时间，我们可能干得更好。FrightenedSeen from the hill/When seen from the hillGiven more time/If given more time[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①如果给他充足的时间，他可以做得更好。(表条件)
②李教授站在那里，许多学生围着他。(表伴随)
Given enough time，he could do it better.Professor Li stood there，surrounded by many students.(2)单项填空
not to miss the flight at 15：20，the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.
A．Reminding B．Reminded
C．To remind D．Having reminded答案 B [考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语the manager，非谓语动词与句子主语是被动关系，且其表示的动作在谓语动词set out之前已经发生，非谓语动词用过去分词，选B。]2．Decades ago in the USA and the UK，women wore yellow ribbons on their collars or sleeves to show the hope that their men would come home from war or other kinds of separation.
在数十年前的美国和英国，妇女在上衣领或袖子上系黄色缎带，以期望丈夫从战争中或分离后平安归来。[归纳拓展]
(1)本句是主从复合句，that引导同位语从句，先行词是hope。
(2)that引导同位语从句时不能省略，在从句中不作成分，无意义。that引导宾语从句时可省，引导主语从句、表语从句时不能省。
(3)能接同位语从句的名词有：belief，fact，hope，idea，doubt，news，conclusion，suggestion，problem，word，order，answer，promise，information，message等。[语境感悟]
(1) our national volleyball team won the match.
消息传来说我国排球队赢得了那场比赛。
(2)His suggestion
他的建议是我们应该改变我们的计划。Word came thatis that we(should) change our plan.[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
她会成功这是毫无疑问的。
①
②That she will succeed is certain. It’s certain that she will succeed.(2)单项填空
There is solid evidence watching 3D movies can have some side effects on the viewers.
A．/ B．that C．which D．as
答案 B [句意：有可靠的证据表明，观看3D电影会对观众有一定的负面影响。evidence证据，其后是同位语从句，故选that。]再见课件54张PPT。Period Three Task & Project高中英语·选修9·译林版Ⅰ.Words：
1．dishonest adj.不诚实的
honest adj.诚实的
2．ambitious adj.有抱负的；野心勃勃的
ambition n．雄心，抱负；野心
3．dimension n．方面；(空间)维度
4．identification n．辨认，识别
identify vt.识别，鉴别；把……和……看成一样5．facial adj.面部的
face n．脸，面部
face vt.面对
6．unconditional adj.无条件的
condition n．条件
7．nobel adj.高尚的
8．occupation n．职业，工作；侵占
occupy vt.占领，使用；使从事；任职
9．arbitrary adj.任意的；专制的10．subjective adj.主观的；主语的；主格的
subject n．主语
11．consistent adj.一致的；始终如一的；连续的
consistently adv.一致地
12．mourning n．哀悼
mourn vt.& vi.哀悼；哀痛
13．warmth n．温暖
warm adj.温暖的
warmer n．温热装置14．caution n．谨慎；告诫
cautious adj.谨慎的；小心的
15．collar n．衣领
16．ecology n．生态，生态学
17．burglar n．入室窃贼
18．funeral n．葬礼Ⅱ.Phrases：
1．put on上演
2．in nature在自然界
3．be different from和……不同
4．be unwilling to do不愿意做……
5．provide sb with sth向某人提供某物
6．be consistent with与……相一致7．make a profit盈利，赚取利润
8．in some cases在有些情况下
9．refer to提及；参考
10．for this reason由于这个原因Ⅰ.Fast Reading
根据课文内容选择最佳答案
1．When the writer says “Have you ever thought about why you like certain colours but not others？”he means _______.
A．colours mean differently to different cultures and different people
B．all the human begins have the same idea about the same coloursC．you may change your attitude towards different colours at different times
D．your choices of different colours are determined at random
答案 A2．While the colour RED may represent different things in different cultures or countries，it is generally believed to be a colour of ________.
A．happiness B．caution
C．mourning D．heat and passion
答案 D3．What colour will you wear to show you are cool and elegant at an English family party?
A．Black. B．White.
C．Yellow. D．Green.
答案 A4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．If you choose a wrong colour，you might be misunderstood.
B．You may choose whatever colour you want even in another culture.
C．It’s not important to care much about colour when you choose clothes.
D．Colour determines what character you have.
答案 AⅡ.Careful Reading
根据课文回答下列问题
1．What does the colour red mean in China?
__________________________________________________
答案 It symbolizes happiness，and good luck.
2．Why did women wear yellow ribbons on blouse collars or sleeves in the USA and the UK decades ago?
__________________________________________________
答案 It is a sign of hope by women waiting for their husbands to come home safely from war.3．What do you know about the meaning of “green” according to the text?
__________________________________________________
答案 It is often used to represent growth，the environment and ecology.
4．How do you understand it when someone says “I’m green”？
__________________________________________________
答案 I am inexperienced.Key Words
1．The main colour on the face or mask gives the audience the identification of the character’s most important quality.
涂在脸上或脸谱上的主要颜色告诉观众这个人物的最重要的品质。
[归纳拓展]
identification n．辨认，鉴定，证明，视为同一
identify vt.识别，鉴别，把……和……看成一样
identify sb as sb...表明某人是……identify with 与(某人)有同感
identity n.同一性；身份
sb's identity 某人的身份
sense of identity 自我意识
cultural/ethnic/social identity 文化、民族、社会认同
identity card 身份证[语境感悟]
(1)His accent a Frenchman.
他的口音表明他是个法国人。
(2)I didn’t enjoy the movie because I any of the characters.
我不喜欢那部电影，因为我对里面的任何人物都不能认同。
(3)Can I see some ，please?
请出示任何身份证件好吗？identified him ascouldn’t identify withidentification[即时跟踪]
翻译句子
(1)那些飞机被认出是美国的。
(2)你有身份证明吗？
The aircrafts were identified as American.Do you have any identification?2．Our choices are almost never arbitrary，and usually quite subjective.
我们的选择几乎从来就不是随心所欲的，而通常是很主观的。
[归纳拓展1]
arbitrary
arbitrary adj.任意的，武断的，随心所欲的[语境感悟1]
(1)A good judge does not .
一个优秀的法官不会作武断的判决。
(2)The value placed on these factors is therefore
.
对这些因素的评价多少是有些任意性的。make arbitrary decisionssomewhatarbitrary[即时跟踪1]
单项填空
(1)A good judge should try to be fair and not to make ________ decisions.
A．abrupt B．arbitrary
C．alternative D．artificial答案 B [句意为“优秀的法官应该力争公平，而不要做出________决定。”比较选项可知，表示“任意的，武断的”的arbitrary符合语境。答案为B。
abrupt意为“突然的，意外的”；alternative意为“可供替代的，可供选择的”；artificial意为“人造的，人工的，非真实的”。](2)He was unaware of the financial crisis involved，so his choice was quite ________.
A．rational B．arbitrary
C．mechanical D．predictable
答案 B [句意为“他没有意识到金融危机的严重性，因此他的选择非常________。”比较选项可知，表示“任意的，主观的，武断的”的arbitrary符合语境。答案为B。][归纳拓展2]
subjective adj.主观的，个人的；主观的，自觉的
subject n.主观，科目，题目
objective adj.客观存在的客观的，如实的，无偏见的
the objective reality 客观现实[易混辨析]
subject/topic/theme/title[语境感悟2]
(1)This is of her abilities.
这是对她能力的一种主观判断。
(2)A judge must give .
评判员必须发表公正的意见。
(3)We are going to .
我们将有一门新科目。a subjective judgementan objective opinionhave a new subject[即时跟踪2]
翻译句子
(3)这项任务是另外一篇文章的主题。
(4)关于这个话题，有不同的看法。
This work is the subject for another article.There are different views concerning this topic.3．Colour is a medium for expressing different feelings，but the meaning of colour is not consistent across different cultures.
颜色是表达不同感觉的载体，但其含义因文化不同而不尽一致。
[归纳拓展]
consistent adj.一致的，始终如一的；连续的
consistently adv.一贯地，始终如一地
be consistent with 与……相一致
be consistent in 在……一致[语境感悟]
(1)Determination of individual base pay
the unit.
个人缴费基数的确定方法应与单位相一致。
(2)Not least，it would ideas of social justice.
同样重要的是，它应该与社会公正的理念相一致。
(3)To succeed，you have to make progress，you have to be
.
为了成功你必须不断进步，你必须坚持赢得这一场比赛。should be consistentwithbe consistent withconsistent to win the race[即时跟踪]
翻译句子
(1)所有的桌椅在颜色上必须一致。
All the tables and chairs colour.
(2)他的言行不一致。
must be consistent inWhat he says isn’t consistent with what he does.Key Structures
1．The exact opposite meaning is found in Egypt，where yellow represents lost hope，as it is the colour of mourning.
在埃及，黄色的意义则截然相反，它象征着丧失希望，因为黄色是哀悼时所用的颜色。
[归纳拓展]
这是主从复合句，where 引导的是非限制性定语从句，as引导的原因状语从句。as即可引导定语从句，又可引导状语从句，表示时间、原因、方式、比较、让步。(1)as引导原因状语从句，意为“因为，由于”，多用于双方都知道的原因。
As he wasn't ready in time，we went without him.
他未能及时做好准备，我们没等他就走了。
(2)as引导方式状语从句，意为“如同；按照”，像……一样。
You must do everything as I do.
你必须照着我来做每一件事。
When in Rome，do as Romans do.入乡随俗。(3)as引导时间状语从句，意为“一面……一面……”
They sang songs as they were doing farm work.
他们一边干农活，一边唱歌。
(4)as引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”，用部分倒装。
Clever as she is，she works very hard.
尽管聪明，她还是很努力。[语境感悟]
(1)He sang .
他一边工作一边唱歌。
(2)We must do .
我们必须按照党的教导去做。
(3) ，you had better rest.
你累了，最好休息一会。as he workedas the Party teaches usAs you are tired[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①尽管他是个孩子，他能做好这事。
.
＝ .
②她和她妈妈一样高。
.Child as he is，he can do it wellAlthough he is a child，he can do it wellShe is as tall as her mother(2)单项填空
You needn’t have taken a taxi.Why didn’t you catch the last bus ______ I told you?
A．as B．because
C．when D．until
答案 A [句意：你为什么不按照我告诉你的乘最后一趟公交车？是方式状语从句，用as引导，故答案为A。]2．The next time you choose your clothes，you should think more carefully about what colours to wear.
下一次你选衣服时，你要更仔细考虑穿什么颜色。[归纳拓展]
(1)句中的the next time 相当于从属连词，引导时间状语从句。
(2)the next time 为“下一次……的时候”，同类用法的还有：
the first time 第一次……的时候
the last time 最后一次……的时候
each/every time 每一次……的时候[语境感悟]
(1) I’m sure to see my teacher.
下一次去北京时，我一定去看望我的老师。
(2) I can’t help recalling my childhood in the countryside.
每当看那部电影，我就忍不住回想起在农村度过的童年。
(3)Call me earlier
你下次来上海早点儿给我打电话。The next time I go to Beijing，Every time I see the film，next time you come to Shanghai.[即时跟踪]
翻译句子
(1)当我第一次和她谈话时，我发现她很善良。
(2)每次我看见她时，她总向我微笑。
The first time I talked to her，I found her very kind.Every time I see her，she would smile at me.【如何写看图作文】
图画写作是高考英语书面表达的一种重要的命题形式。利用图画提供的写作情景来考查考生的观察能力和语言表达能力是高考传统的命题手段之一。其命题特点是：命题人利用图画给考生提供一个特定的写作情景，要求考生在细心观察图画和正确理解图画的基础上，确定文章的文体、主题和具体细节，然后精心组织语言表达出来。(1)开头常用句式
①The picture shows that...
②From the picture，we can see...
③As is shown/seen/described in the picture...
④According to the pictures above，we can see that...
⑤The purpose of the picture is to...
⑥The picture indicates/conveys the meaning that...
⑦The picture brings back...to...(2)衔接常用句式
①As we all know...
②As is known to all.../In my opinion...
③As far as I’m concerned，...
④This sight reminds me of...in my daily life.
(3)结尾常用句式
①In conclusion，...
②In brief，...
③On the whole，...
④In short，...⑤In a word，...
⑥Generally speaking，...
⑦As has been stated，...
⑧In short，...
⑨In a word，...
⑩Generally speaking，...
?As has been stated，...[即时跟踪]
假设你是红星中学高三(1)班的学生李华，校报英文版正在开展“续写雷锋日记”活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，将你所做的一件好事以日记形式记述下来，向校报投稿。注意：1.日记的开头已为你写好。
2．词数不少于60。Saturday，June 2 Fine
This morning，___________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________【写作步骤】
一、认真审图，弄清题意
第一幅图
图中人物有三个：“我”和两个游客。“我”在街上行走；两位游客正在看地图。图中的图标“？？？”说明游客很困惑，看上去是迷路了。
第二幅图
“我”走上前上主动提供帮助。
根据图标我们可以知道：游客告诉“我”他们要到天坛去。第三幅图
“我”带他们到了附近的汽车站。
根据图标我们可以知道：“我”建议他们乘20路公共汽车到那儿去。他们对我的帮助表示感谢。
第四幅图
汽车来了，游客上车，我和游客挥手告别。看到他们上了车，我感到一种满足感。
Before long，the bus came.We waved good-bye to each other.I felt a kind of satisfaction.二、谨慎审题，合理谋篇
1．时态：一般过去时。
2．人称：第一人称。
3．目的：清楚、简洁的记录下全过程及自己的感受。
4．文章布局：可一气呵成，全文成一段，最后一句话表示自己的感受。三、列出要点，初步成稿
1．When I was walking on the street，I saw that two travelers were reading a map，looking puzzled.
2．I went up to them and asked what I could do for them.
3．I led them to the nearby bus stop and advised them to take Bus No.20，which could take them there directly.
4．We waved good-bye to each other.Seeing them on the bus，I felt a kind of satisfaction.四、巧用连接，通顺全篇。
【参考范文】
Saturday，June 2 Fine
This morning，when I was walking on the street，I saw that two travelers were reading a map，looking puzzled.It seemed they were lost.I went up to them and asked how I could help them.They told me they were looking for the Temple of Heaven.Without hesitation，I led them to the nearby bus stop and advised them to take Bus No.20，which could take them there directly.Finally they appreciated my help greatly.Before long，the bus came.We waved good-bye to each other.Seeing them on the bus，I felt a kind of satisfaction.再见课件77张PPT。Unit 4 Behind beliefs高中英语·选修9·译林版Christmas
Christmas is a Christian holiday that celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ.In the 4th century the Roman Catholic Church chose December 25 as the day for the Feast of the Nativity.The church chose December 25 for a Christian holy day in the hope of giving Christian meaning to existing pagan celebrations of the winter solstice.As a result，many pagan customs gradually became parts of the Christmas celebration.By the 12th century，Christmas had become the most important religious festival in Europe.In the 19th century，two Christmas customs became popular—decorating Christmas trees and sending Christmas cards to relatives and friends.Many well-known Christmas carols were composed during this period.For most people who celebrate Christmas，the holiday season is an occasion for gatherings of family and friends，feasting，and giving gifts.The celebration of Christmas became increasingly important to many kinds of businesses.
One of the most important Christmas traditions is receiving gifts from Santa Claus.Many young children believe that the presents they receive at Christmas are given by Santa Claus，who is a jolly，white-bearded fat man in a red suit and red hat.On Christmas Eve，Santa Claus travels through the air from somewhere near the North Pole in a sled drawn by reindeer and comes down the chimney to leave the presents.
A traditional Christmas dinner in America includes stuffed turkey，mashed potatoes，cranberry sauce，and a variety of other dishes.Roast turkey is the most popular main course not only in the United States，but also in Canada，Australia，and New Zealand.Some families have ham or roast goose instead of turkey.Favorite desserts include mince pie or pumpkin pie，plum pudding and fruitcake.Eggnog is a popular Christmas beverage in many homes.In Britain，Christmas dinner is eaten at noon，and the dinner usually includes roast turkey or goose，Christmas pudding with mince pies，accompanied by wine.1．In the 19th century，two Christmas customs became
popular——_______.
A．buying Christmas trees and sending Christmas
cards to relatives and friends
B．buying Christmas trees and sending Christmas
cards to strangersC．decorating Christmas trees and sending Christmas
cards to only children
D．decorating Christmas trees and sending Christmas
cards to relatives and friends
答案 D2．A traditional Christmas dinner in America includes
________.
A．stuffed turkey，mashed potatoes，and a variety of
other dishes
B．stuffed turkey，cranberry sauce，and a variety of
other dishesC．stuffed turkey，mashed potatoes，cranberry sauce，
and a variety of other dishes
D．mashed potatoes，cranberry sauce，and a variety of
other dishes
答案 CPeriod One Welcome to the unit & Reading Ⅰ.Words：
1．straightforward adj.简单的；坦诚的
2．vague adj.模糊的；不详细的
3．underline vt.强调；加下画线
4．bare adj.裸露的；空的
barely adv.裸露地
5．strike vt.击打；攻击；罢工
6．handwriting n．笔迹；书法，书写7．agricultural adj.农业的
agriculture n．农业
8．sow vt.播种；散布
9．ripen vt. & vi.(使)成熟
ripe adj.成熟的
10．thorough adj.彻底的，完全的；细致的，深入的
thoroughly adv.彻底地
11．delicate adj.易碎的；精致的Ⅱ.Phrases：
1．by and by不久，过一会儿
2．every penny所有的钱，每一分钱
3．hire oneself out打工，受雇于人
4．catch on受欢迎，流行
5．kill the fatted calf设宴庆祝
6．in other words换句话说Ⅰ.Fast Reading
根据课文内容选择最佳答案
1．Which of the following is NOT an idiom according to its definition in the passage?
A．all one’s life B．put up with
C．Adam’s apple D．talk through the hat
答案 A2．You are a top student good at all your subjects.But you look awkward(笨拙的) at your friend’s birthday party.You may use one of the following sentences to describe yourself.
A．Every dog has its day.
B．Everybody has his feet of clay.
C．A good fame is better than a good face.
D．Eagles catch no flies.
答案 B3．A word for ________ may often be found in an English idiom.
A．food B．education
C．moral D．invention
答案 A4．Which of the following may be closest in meaning to the expression “kill the fatted calf”？
A．To repair the road
B．To become better in one’s lifestyle
C．Have a large celebration
D．To improve one’s way of doing things
答案 C5．If you want to polish up your English，which of the following may be most advisable?
A．Learning enough frequently used idioms.
B．Translating everything into your own language.
C．Looking up every new word in the dictionary.
D．Trying to know the story behind an idiom.
答案 AⅡ.Careful Reading
根据课文内容完成下表，每空一词答案 1.definition 2.apparent/clear 3.origins
4．Bible 5.ways 6.animals 7.fatted 8.connected/linked/concerned 9.importance/functions/significance
10．communicationKey Words
1．A biblical idiom is often an expression that underlines the moral of a story and gives the audience a picture to help them understand the story better.
《圣经》中习语常常是用来强调一个故事的寓意，给听众一个意象以帮助他们更好地理解这个故事。[归纳拓展]
underline 画线于……下面；加强，强调
underline a phrase 在短语下画线
underline discipline强调纪律性
the underlined sentences 下画线的句子[语境感悟]
(1)Please that you think are important.
请在你认为重要的单词和短语下面画线。
(2)The questions he raised at the meeting
the matters being discussed.
他在会上提出的问题凸现了他对所讨论的问题的无知。underline the words and expressionsunderline hisignorance of[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
这份报告强调了学前教育的重要性。
The report underlines the importance of pre-school education.(2)单项填空
Please ________ the sentences in the passage that you can’t understand and then ask your teacher for help.
A．undermine B．underline
C．underrate D．undermanned
答案 B [句意：请在文中你不懂的句子下面画线，然后向老师求助。undermine意为“逐渐削弱”；underrate意为“低估”；undermanned意为“人手不足的”。A、C、D三项均不符合句意。]2．In the dream，a stone flew at the statue and struck it on the feet.
在梦里，一块石头飞向塑像，砸在了它的脚上。[归纳拓展]
strike vt.击打；撞击；攻击；罢工 n．罢工
sth strikes sb 某人突然想起
It strikes sb that.../it strikes sb to do...某人想到……
be struck by/on/with...被……打动；迷恋……
strike sb in/on＋the＋身体部位，打某人某部位
be on strike在罢工go on strike举行罢工
strike at 企图打破；袭击；打击，攻击
strike back打回来；反射过来
strike down 打倒；(病)侵入
strike for...要求……而罢工
call a strike 发动罢工
call off a strike 停止罢工
strike against反对……而罢工[易混辨析]
strike/hit/beat
(1)strike指用力“打击”，“敲”，表短暂的动作，有时可与hit通用，但不强调“打中”，常用于比喻义。如：
An idea suddenly struck him.他突然想起了一个主意。
(2)hit指有目标地重重一击，侧重表示“打中；击中”的瞬间动作，强调“打击”的结果。如：
The boy hit me on the head.那男孩打中了我的头。
(3)beat指用手或器械等连续“打击”或“敲打”。如：
Why did he beat you？他为何打你？[语境感悟]
(1)A stone the head.
一块石头打在那个小男孩的头上。
(2)The clock four.
钟刚过四点。
(3) was the great number of bicycles on the streets.
给我们印象最深的是街上的自行车非常多。struck the little boy onhas just struckWhat struck us most[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①这个讲演深深触动孩子们的心灵。
②[谚]趁热打铁。
(2)选词填空(strike/hit/beat)
①He the man on the shoulder.
②The rain was the window.
③I can easily him at table tennis.The lecture struck deeply into the minds of the children.Strike while the iron is hot.struck/hitbeatingbeat3．When you have a thorough understanding of English idioms and their origins，you can better understand and appreciate the history and cultures of English-speaking countries，because idioms are carriers of history and culture.
通过透彻了解英语习语及其起源，你可以更好地理解和欣赏英语国家的历史和文化，因为习语是历史和文化的载体。[归纳拓展]
thorough adj.彻底的，完全的，细致的
thoroughly adv.彻底地，完全地
have a thorough understanding of... 完全理解……
a thorough reform 彻底的改革
thorough investigation 周密的调查
be thorough in one's work 工作严谨认真
a thorough description of the event 对该事件详尽的描述[语境感悟]
(1)Grace gave the room
格雷斯对房间进行彻底打扫。
(2)He scoundrel.
他是一个彻头彻尾的恶棍。
(3)Jeremy his work.
杰里米对工作一丝不苟。a thorough cleaning.is a thoroughis very thorough in[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①他是个大好人。
②我觉得你烦透了。
He is a thoroughly nice person.I’m thoroughly fed up with you.(2)单项填空
After a hard day’s work，I felt ________ tired.
A．thorough B．thoroughly
C．carefully D．complete
答案 B [句意：一天的辛苦工作之后，我累坏了。carefully仔细地，不符合题意；thorough，complete是形容词，不能修饰feel。]Key Phrases
1．In other words，its meaning can be very different from the apparent meaning of its components.
换句话说，其含义可能与组成的单词的表面意思完全不同。
[归纳拓展]
in other words 换言之，换句话说
in a(one) word简言之；一句话，总之
have a word with sb 与某人谈话have words with sb about sth 与某人争论(争吵)……
beyond words 难以用语言形容
upon my word说实在话，我敢保证
weigh one's words 斟酌字句
word for word 逐字地[语境感悟]
(1) they’re rather doubtful of that.
换句话说，他们对那(事)很怀疑。
(2)They， are wasting their time and efforts.
也就是说他们在浪费时间和精力。
(3)They asked him to leave— he was fired.
他们请他走人，换句话说，他被解雇了。In other words，in other words，in other words，[即时跟踪]
(1)Your performance in the driving test didn’t reach the required standard，________，you failed.
A．in the end B．after all
C．in other words D．in all答案 C [句意“你的驾照考试成绩没有达到要求的标准，________，你没有通过考试。”由语境可知，“没有通过考试”是对前面的“没有达到要求的标准”的解释。表示“换句话说，就是说”的in other words符合语境，即答案为C。in the end 意为“最终，最后”；after all意为“毕竟”；in all 意为“总共，合计”。](2)Like some of my classmates，I can’t live up to my teachers’ expectations，________，I let them down.
A．in other words B．after all
C．what’s more D．more or less
答案 A [题干意为“像我的一些同学一样，我不能实现我父母的预期目标，________，我让他们失望了。”由语境可知，“让他们失望”是对“没能实现目标”的解释。表示“换句话说”的in other words符合语境，即答案为A。after all意为“毕竟”；what's more意为“而且”；more or less意为“差不多，几乎”或“或多或少”。]2．For example，‘by and by’ now means ‘before long’，but in the Bible it was used to mean ‘immediately’．
例如，’by and by’现在的意思是’不久’，但在《圣经》中它被用来表示’立刻，马上’。
[归纳拓展]
by and by 不久
by accident 偶然
by air 通过航空途径
by all means尽一切办法，务必by chance偶然，碰巧
by hand用手
by oneself单独地，独自地
by means of用，依靠
by no means决不，并没有
by mistake错误地，无意地
by the way顺便说by way of...经由……，通过……方法
by prep. 被，由；凭借，通过；经由；在……旁边；根据；乘，坐；在……之前[易混辨析]
till [until]/by(在……之前)[语境感悟]
(1)We’ll return
我们不久就会回来。
(2) the same mistake be made again.
决不能再犯同样的错误。
(3)I will be here
我会在这里待到中午。by and by.By no means cantill noon.[即时跟踪]
翻译句子
(1)我通过多说来提高我的英语水平。
(2)你的表几点了？
I improved my English by speaking more.What time is it by your watch?3．After spending every penny of his money and being reduced to hiring himself out to feed pigs，he realized that he had been a fool and went home.
花光了所有的钱和沦落为被雇用去养猪之后，他意识到他是多么的傻，于是就回家了。[归纳拓展]
hire oneself out 被雇用；受雇
hire out 出租
hire v.租用，雇用 n.[U]租用，雇用，租金[易混辨析]
hire/employ/rent/appoint[语境感悟]
(1)We as baby-sitters.
我们出去充当临时婴儿保姆。
(2)They to drive it.
他们租了一辆车，还雇了个开车的。
(3)How much is
这个大厅的租金是多少？hired ourselves outhired a car and a manthe hire of the hall?[即时跟踪]
翻译句子
(1)我们雇了一个司机带我们参观这个城市。
(2)我们租用一辆小汽车用三天。
We hired a driver to take us on a tour of the city.We hired a car for three days.4．...few of these new idioms would ever really catch on.
……在这些新习语中很少会真正流行。
[归纳拓展]
catch on 受欢迎，流行
be caught in陷入……
be caught up in热衷于……；着迷于……
catch at试图抓住……catch one's breath 屏息
catch up with赶上……
catch vt. & vi.抓住，接住；突然发现；赶上；感染；领会；击中；突然遭受n.抓；捕获物；圈套[易混辨析]
catch/seize/hold/grab/grasp/snatch[语境感悟]
(1)This new fashion with young people.
这种新时尚受到年轻人的欢迎。
(2)We a heavy rain on the way home.
我们在回家途中遇到了大雨。
(3)Go on ahead，please，I’ll soon you.
请你先走，我很快就会赶上来。has caught onwere caught incatch up with[即时跟踪]
翻译句子
(1)他的脚被树根绊了一下。
(2)对不起，我没听清楚你说的话。
(3)这项计划里肯定有鬼。
His foot caught on a tree stub.Sorry，I didn’t catch what you said.There must be a catch in this plan.Key Structures
1．Idioms often use a number of words to represent a single object，person or concept，among other things，and unless you recognize an idiom when it is being used，it is easy to misunderstand what you read or hear spoken.
习语通常用一些词代表单一的物体、人物或概念以及其他的一些事物，除非你能识别出习语的使用，否则你很易误解所读到的或听到的内容。[归纳拓展]
(1)when it is being used使用的是现在进行时的被动语态。
(2)现在进行时的被动语态的构成：主语＋is/am/are＋being＋过去分词，其用法如下：
①表示此刻正在进行的被动动作。
My car is being repaired now.
我的汽车正在修理中。②表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作，但此动作不一定在此时此刻发生。
Some new houses are being built near the park.
公园附近在建一些新房子。
③表示经常的被动行为，常和always，often，constantly等词连用表达某种感彩。
He is always being praised by the teacher.
老师总是表扬他。④与部分情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的动作的推测。
He may be being beaten by his father at the very moment.他父亲此刻可能正在揍他。[语境感悟]
(1)The life of the milu at present.
目前人们正在研究麋鹿的生活习惯。
(2)A teaching building now.
现在正建造一座教学大楼。
(3)When I got there a new road by them.
我到那里时，他们正在建一条新路。is being studiedis being builtwas being built[即时跟踪]
单项填空
Traditional folk arts like paper cutting ________ at the culture show.
A．are exhibiting B．is exhibiting
C．are being exhibited D．is being exhibited
答案 C [考查被动语态。句意为“像剪纸这样的民间传统艺术品正在文化展览中展出”，所以传统民间艺术品“正在被展览”，故用现在进行时态的被动语态形式。]2．The meaning of an analogy can sometimes be very hard to guess.类比的含义有时候会很难猜。
[归纳拓展]
(1)该句采用的是“名词(主语)＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结
构。
该结构中，不定式动词与主语在逻辑上是动宾关系。
此种结构中，常以不定式的主动形式表示被动意义，
而不采用“to be done”的形式。
The question is hard to answer.(2)下面几种句型中，也常采用不定式主动语态形式表被动意义。
①不定式作后置定语：不定式与前面被修饰的名词或代词在逻辑上是动宾关系，又与句子的主语是主谓关系，不定式应采用主动形式表被动意义。
I have much work to do.
我有许多要做的事情。
(与work是动宾关系，与I是主谓关系)②“动词＋宾语＋形容词＋不定式”。该结构中的“形容词”通常表示难易、利弊等含义，如difficult，easy，comfortable(舒适的)，convenient(便利的，方便的)，hard，cheap，expensive等。
I found the car comfortable to ride in.
我觉得这种车很好坐。[语境感悟]
(1)Some books but .
有些书读起来很有趣，但是学起来很厌烦。
(2)The job .
这工作很容易做。
(3)That makes poetry .
那就使得诗很难写。are interesting to read，boring to learnis very easy to dodifficult to write[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①汤姆在找一间住的房间。
.
②他要维持一个家庭。
.Tom is looking for a room to live inHe has a family to support(2)单项填空
This machine is very easy ________.Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.
A．operating B．to be operating
C．operated D．to operate
答案 D [题意为“这台机器很容易操作。任何人只需花几分钟就能学会使用。”分析题干结构可知，此处句子采用的是“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”结构，因此“空”处应选用不定式的主动语态形式“to operate”，即答案为D。]再见课件53张PPT。Period Two Word Power & Grammar and Usage高中英语·选修9·译林版Ⅰ.Words：
1．necklace n．项链
2．burden n．负担，重担
3．worm n．蠕虫
4．frequently adv.经常地，频繁地
frequent adj.经常的
5．shorten vt.& vi.(使)缩短
short adj.短的Ⅱ.Phrases：
1．in general一般来说，大体上
2．heart and soul 全心全意
3．the key to... ……的关键
4．count on 依赖
5．protect...from保护……使免受
6．suffer from遭受Grammar
语法精析：简单句、并列句和复合句
一、句子类型
按句子的结构可分三种。
1．简单句：只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)。
He often reads English in the morning.
Tom and Mike are American boys.2．并列句：由并列连词(and，but，or等)或分号(；)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。
You help him and he helps you.
The future is bright；the road is tortuous.
前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。
3．复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。复合句包含：名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)、定语从句和状语从句等。
The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.二、简单句的五种基本句型
1．主语＋系动词＋表语：He is a student.
2．主语＋不及物动词：We work.
3．主语＋及物动词＋宾语：Henry bought a dictionary.
4．主语＋及物动词＋双宾语(间接宾语＋直接宾语)：
My father bought me a car.
5．主语＋及物动词＋复合宾语(宾语＋宾补)：
Tom made the baby laugh.三、并列句的分类
并列句分为：联合并列句，转折并列句，选择并列句和因果并列句。
Use your head，and you’ll find a way.
I would love to have gone to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.
Either you leave this house or I’ll call the police.
It was late，so we went home.在“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”结构中，当前后两部分间为承接关系时，用and；前后意思为相反关系时，用or。可将前面的祈使句转换成由if引导的条件状语从句，但必须将and或or去掉。
Hurry up，and we’ll be there in time.＝if we hurry up，we’ll be there in time.1．表示联合，连接两个同等概念，常用and，not only...but also...，neither...nor...，then等连接。
The teacher’s name is Smith，and the student’s name is John.
2．表示选择，常用的连词有or，either...or...，otherwise等。Hurry up，or you’ll miss the train.3．表示转折，常用的连词有but，still，however，yet，while，when等。
He was a little man with thick glasses，but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.
4．表示因果关系，常用的连词有so，for，therefore等。
August is the time of the year for rice harvest，so every day I work from dawn until dark.四、主从复合句的应用
在复合句中有名词性从句，定语从句和状语从句三大类。
1．名词性从句
按照在句中的功能，名词性从句分为：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四种。名词性从句中的特殊时态是高频考点也是易错点：(1)在以下三种主语从句中，主语从句的谓语动词要用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。
A．It is＋形容词＋that...句型。常见的形容词有important，necessary，natural，funny，strange，surprising，astonishing(令人惊讶的)等。
B．It is＋名词＋that...句型。常见的名词有pity，shame，advice，suggestion，proposal(提议，建议)，requirement，request，desire，order等。
C．It is＋动词的过去分词＋that...句型。常见的动词有advise，order，propose，request，suggest，demand，require等。(2)在insist(坚持)，urge(催促)，order(命令)，command(命令)，suggest(建议)，advise(建议)，recommend(建议，推荐)，request(请求，要求)，demand(要求)，require(要求，需要)等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。
(3)在含有advice，order，demand，proposal(提议)，requirement，suggestion等名词的表语从句、同位语从句中，谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。(4)在一些表示惊讶、意志等感彩的名词性从句中，谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”或“should＋have done”，译为“竟然，居然”。
I am surprised/shocked that you should speak in such a way.
I find it astonishing that he should be so rude to his mum.2．定语从句
定语从句中关系代词as的用法、它与which的区别以及介词＋关系代词的用法是高频考点和难点。
(1)当先行词为the same＋名词，such＋名词时，要用关系代词as引导定语从句。
I want to buy the same shirt as yours.
Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in Germany.(2)as可指代主句的内容，引导的非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后。常用于下列句型：as is known to all，as is said，as is reported，as is announced，as we all know，as I expect等。
He got the first place again in this mid-term examination，as we expected.(3)as引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别
当主句和从句意义一致时，用as引导；反之，用which来引导非限制性定语从句；当非限制性定语从句为否定意义时，常用which引导，当表示“正如”时，用as。
He made a long speech，as we expected.
He made a long speech，which was unexpected.(4)引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用“介词＋which”来代替。
October 1,1949 was the day on which(＝when) the new China was founded.
(5)在“介词＋关系代词”结构中，关系代词只能用which和whom，且不能省略；如果介词在句末，关系代词可用which，that，whom，口语中也可用who，且可省略。
The man(whom/who/that) you were talking about proves to be friendly.3．状语从句
状语从句的高频考点如下：
(1)在复合句中，主句和从句的谓语动词时态一般遵循以下的规律：
①表示“同时”意义的连词as，when，while等连接的时间状语从句，主句和从句时态基本一致。
As time passed，things seemed to get worse.②表示“将来”意义的条件、时间和让步状语从句中多用一般现在时，而主句用一般将来时，被称为“主将从现”。
Tom won’t go to sleep unless his mother tells him a story.
Once I get him a job，he’ll be fine.
③since引导的时间状语从句多用一般过去时，而主句通常用现在完成时。
I haven’t met her since I left university.④在句式hardly/scarcely...when...，no sooner...than...中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。
She had hardly sat down when the phone rang.
⑤在as if/though引导的状语从句中，如果表示一种与事实相反的假设，从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时。
She stared at me as though I were a complete stranger.(2)状语从句的省略
当从句的主语与主句的主语相同时，被动结构的状语从句，可省略与主句相同的主语和助动词，保留连词＋过去分词；主动结构的状语从句，可省略与主句相同的主语和助动词，保留连词＋现在分词。
We all know that，if not carefully dealt with，the situation will get worse.
Though lacking money，his parents managed to send him to university.(3)状语从句与其它相似结构的辨析
①It is/was＋被强调的时间状语＋that＋其它句子成分，其特点是去掉It is/was和that 原句仍然成立。
It was at midnight that we got home.
②It is/was＋时间＋when＋从句表示“当……发生时，时间是……”。
It was late when the doctor arrived.③It will be/was＋时间段＋before＋句子，表示“要过……才会发生某事”或“过了……发生了某事”。
It will be years before we find a cure for cancer.
④It is/has been＋since＋句子，表示“自从……以来，时间过了……”。
It’s three years since I last saw her.(4)并列复合句
并列复合句是并列句和复合句在同一个句子中存在的句式，也就是三分句关系。
Although he studied very hard，he failed in the exam，but we still respected him.
The proverb is very old and it comes from the old days when people all worked on farms.
We saw several natives advancing towards our party，and one of them came up to us，to whom we gave some bells and glasses.五、高考考点探讨
1．简单句的五大句型是最基本的句型。虽然近几年单纯考查这种基础句型的题不多，但是在阅读中有时需借助于划分句子成分去理解，在书面表达中，没有最基本的遣词造句的能力是不可能用地道的英语句子来表达清楚的。
2．祈使句、反意疑问句和感叹句是高考命题的热点之一。有时把祈使句与反意疑问句结合于一体来考查。一个题目，几个考点，是近几年命题的发展趋势。3．高考对简单句、并列句和各种复合句的考查常表现在对连词的选择和使用上。如：and，but，or，while，以及其它连接名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句的连接词、关联词。
4．各种主从复合句的考查常常与动词的时态联系在一起，以宾语从句与状语从句最为明显，时间状语从句与条件状语从句中，如果主句是将来时，从句则用一般时表将来，这一点在高考中经常考查。如：
We will go outing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.[即时跟踪]
Ⅰ.用适当的连词填空
1．He couldn’t know the truth about me，________ he wouldn’t treat me like this.
2．The bell is ringing ________ the lesson is over.
3．Although he was ill，________ he kept on working.
4．I can’t make up my mind ________ we will go to Shanghai ________ we will stay in our city.5．He doesn’t talk much，________ he thinks a lot.
6．It must have rained last night ________ the ground is still wet.
7．The president will visit the town in May ________ he will open the new hospital.
8．Jane was dressed in green ________ Mary was dressed in blue.
9．________ he did not speak distinctly ________ I did not hear it clearly.
10．He is clever，________，he often makes mistakes.11．________ did we write to her ________ we called her up.
12．He hasn’t any money ________ I’m going to lend him some.
13．The child was sick；he，________，didn’t go to school.
14．Mary was neither happy，________ was she sad.
15．Put on more clothes，________ you’ll catch a cold.
答案 1.or 2.and 3.still/yet 4.when；or 5.but
6．for 7.when 8.while 9.Either；or 10.however
11．Not only；but 12.so 13.therefore 14.nor 15.orⅡ.单项填空
1．There’s no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery ________ another man，also intelligent，fails.(2013·课标Ⅰ，32)
A．since B．if C．as D．while
答案 D [句意：没办法知道为什么有人能够有重大发现，而有的人同样聪明，却不能。本题考查连词。A：由于，表原因；B：如果，是否；C：随着；D：而，表对比关系。故答案为D项。]2．I was glad to meet Jenny again，________ I didn’t want to spend all day with her.(2013·课标Ⅱ，3)
A．but B．and C．so D．or
答案 A [句意：很高兴又见到Jenny了，但是我不想花一整天的时间和她在一起。本题考查并列连词。根据句意，前后分句之间存在转折关系，故应使用转折连词but；and表示递进和承接关系；so表示因果关系；or表示选择关系。]3．It’s not easy to change habits，________ with awareness and self-control，it is possible.(2013·重庆，23)
A．for B．or C．but D．so
答案 C [句意：改变习惯不容易，但是如果有改变的意识和自控力，(改变习惯)是有可能的。本题考查并列句。上下文构成转折关系，故选C项。]4．Don’t turn off the computer before closing all programs，________ you could have problems.(2013·北京，22)
A．or B．and C．but D．so
答案 A [句意：不要在关闭所有程序之前就把电脑关机，否则你可能会有问题。本题考查并列句。or否则；and并且；but但是；so所以。根据句意应选择A项。]5．Read this story，________ you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.(2013·四川，4)
A．or B．and C．but D．so
答案 B [句意：读这个故事，你会意识到并非所有的东西都能用钱买到。本题考查特殊句式“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”，该句型中如果用and连接，祈使句相当于if引导的条件从句；如果两个分句用or连接，祈使句相当于：If...not...。本句题干可改为：If you read this story，you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.综上所述，答案为B项。]6．Mike was usually so careful，________ this time he made a small mistake.
A．yet B．still C．even D．thus
答案 A [句意：Mike通常都很小心，然而这次，他犯了一个小错误。因为句子之间有转折关系，所以选A项yet。still还是，仍然；even甚至；thus因此。]7．At school，some students are active ________ some are shy，yet they can be good friends with one another.
A．while B．although C．so D．as
答案 A [句意：在学校里，有些学生很活跃，而有些很害羞，但是他们互相能成为很好的朋友。本题考查连词。while表示两者的对比，符合语境。although虽然，引导让步状语从句；so因此，表示因果关系；as由于，当……时，引导原因状语从句或者时间状语从句。]8．You have to move out of the way ________ the truck cannot get past you.
A．so B．or C．and D．but
答案 B [句意：你必须要让开路，否则卡车无法通过。本题考查并列连词。so因此；or否则，要不然；and but但是。根据句意可知答案。]9．—Someone wants you on the phone.
—________ nobody knows I am here.
A．Although B．And C．But D．So
答案 C [句意：——有人打电话找你。——可是没人知道我在这儿呀。本题考查连词。由答语nobody knows I am here可知，上下文句子间为转折关系，故答案为C项。]10．Find ways to praise your children often，________ you’ll find they will open their hearts to you.
A．till B．or C．and D．but
答案 C [句意：设法常常表扬你的孩子，这样你就会发现他们会向你敞开心扉。本题考查“祈使句＋and＋含一般将来时的分句”这一用法。此句型表示：做……，这样你就会……。而“祈使句＋or＋含一般将来时的分句”则表示：做……，否则你就……。]11．Technology has quickened the rate ________ we communicate with the world around us.(2013·江苏南通一模，22)
A．for which B．at which
C．to which D．with which
答案 B [句意：技术加快了我们与周围世界交流的速度。本题考查定语从句。先行词是rate，rate与at搭配构成at the rate，代入定语从句为：We communicate with the world around us at the rate.故选B项。]12．In today’s class，our teacher will ask us to talk about the things and people ________ we think are the most important in our life.(2013·江苏苏北三市一模，30)
A．who B．which C．that D．what
答案 C [句意：在今天的课上，我们老师会让我们谈论在生活中我们认为是最重要的人和事。本题考查定语从句。先行词是things and people，既有人又有物，关系代词只能用that，故选C项。]13．Time is of no importance to great thoughts，________ are as fresh today as when they first passed through their authors’ minds ages ago.(2013·江苏苏、锡、常、镇一模，22)
A．what B．that C．which D．where
答案 C [句意：对于伟大的思想来说时间没有任何的重要性，这些思想在多年前第一次在它们的作者头脑中闪过的时候和现在一样新鲜。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是great thoughts，which引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明先行词，which在从句中作主语。]14．The story showed marriages between people of different races，________ were against the law at that time.(2013·江苏盐城二模，31)
A．who B．which
C．whoever D．whichever
答案 B [句意：这个故事诉说了不同种族的人之间的婚姻，这样的婚姻在那时是违法的。本题考查定语从句。which引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明先行词marriages between people of different races，which 在从句中作主语。]15．You should realize the fact that when you graduate from university，you are still not prepared for the possible situations ________ we may face in the working world.(2013·江苏苏、锡、常、镇二模，30)
A．where B．when C．that D．what
答案 C [句意：你应该认识到这个事实，当你大学毕业的时候，你仍没有为你在职场可能会遇到的情况做好准备。本题考查定语从句。先行词是situations，从句是we may face...，face后缺少宾语，故选C项。]16．Confused ________ she was，the teenage girl still finished the whole performance.(2013·江苏扬州一模，34)
A．as B．when C．while D．if
答案 A [句意：尽管很迷惑，但这个小女孩还是完成了整个表演。本题考查让步状语从句。as引导让步状语从句时要用倒装语序，即从句的表语、状语、动词原形置于句首，若表语是可数名词单数时，要省略前面的冠词，故选A项。when当……时候；while也可以引导让步状语从句，但是应用while she was confused这一结构；if如果。]17．Generally，senior citizens enjoy their freedom and they prefer to live on their own ________ they can.(2013·江苏南通一模，34)
A．as long as B．as far as
C．now that D．even though
答案 A [句意：一般来说，老年人喜欢自由，只要他们能够，他们喜欢独自生活。本题考查条件状语从句。as long as只要，引导条件状语从句，符合语境。as far as直到，远达；now that既然，引导原因状语从句；even though尽管，即使，引导让步状语从句。]18．________ jokes are likely to contribute to a pleasant atmosphere，you’ve got to be careful not to hurt others.(2013·江苏苏北三市一模，33)
A．As B．While C．Since D．Unless
答案 B [句意：尽管玩笑有可能有利于营造愉快的氛围，你还得当心，不要伤害其他人。本题考查让步状语从句。根据句意，从句和主句之间存在转折关系，故选while“尽管”。as由于，当……时候，引导原因和时间状语从句；since自从，既然，引导时间或原因状语从句；unless除非，引导条件状语从句。]19．When I graduated from high school，my family had a business ________ I never thought about getting a college education.(2013·江苏盐城二模，22)
A．so B．or
C．though D．since答案 A [句意：当我高中毕业的时候，我家做生意，因此我从来没想到过上大学。本题考查并列句。根据句意，前后两句之间存在因果关系，因为家里做生意，所以没想过上大学，选择so，表示因果关系。or否则，表示选择关系；though尽管，引导让步状语从句；since自从，既然，引导时间或原因状语从句。]20．His ability in mathematics can be considered outstanding，________ he can figure out different approaches to a very difficult problem in just a few minutes.(2013·江苏扬、泰、南一模，31)
A．while B．so C．for D．but答案 C [句意：他的数学能力可以被认为是非常突出的，因为他能在几分钟内想出不同方法来解出一个非常难的问题。本题考查并列句。根据句意可知，后句是推断前句的理由，应用for“因为”，补充说明推断的理由。while然而，而，表示对比；so因此；but但是，表示转折，都不符合题意。]再见课件76张PPT。Period Three Task & Project高中英语·选修9·译林版Ⅰ.Words：
1．butcher n．屠夫
2．perfume n．香水；香味
3．cottage n．乡村小屋
4．stocking n．长筒袜
5．moustache n．上唇的胡子
6．stout adj.肥胖的；粗壮的；顽强的7．belly n．腹部，肚子
8．neat adj.整洁的，有条理的
neatly adv.整洁地；干净地；恰好地
9．woollen adj.羊毛的
wool n．羊毛
10．belt n．腰带；传送带
11．deliver vt.&vi.递送，运送
delivery n．传送，投递；(正式)交付12．ray n．光线，射线
13．bureaucratic adj.官僚的；官僚主义的
14．ministry n．(政府的)部
15．centre vt.把……放在中央
centre n．中心；中心点
central adj.中央的，核心的16．pray vi.&vt.祷告，祈祷
prayer n．祷告，祷辞
17．chant vi.&vt.唱颂；反复呼喊
18．frog n．青蛙
19．possession n．拥有；占有；财产
possess vt.拥有；占有Ⅱ.Phrases：
1．Christmas Eve圣诞前夕
2．be centred around/centre around围绕，以……为中心
3．give aid to帮助
4．be based on以……为基础
5．be in possession of拥有
6．remind sb of sth 使某人想起某事Ⅰ.Fast Reading
根据课文内容选择最佳答案
1．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．The White Horse Temple lies in the central east of Luoyang，Henan Province.
B．The White Horse Temple is still the most important temple in China.C．The White Horse Temple is less important than it used to.
D．The White Horse Temple was the first Buddhist temple in China.
答案 D2．The story behind the temple happened ________.
A．in the year AD 25
B．in the Eastern Han Dynasty
C．in the year AD 220
D．in the Ming Dynasty
答案 B3．In AD 67，the Chinese officials came back to China with ________.
A．some Buddhist readings and images of Buddha
B．only some Indian monks
C．some Buddhist readings
D．some Buddhist readings and images of monks
答案 A4．What happened in renaming the temple?
A．The previous word ‘si’ remained the meaning of ‘ministry’．
B．The White Horse Temple was renamed ‘si’．
C．The word ‘si’means both ‘ministry’ and ‘temple’．
D．The meaning of ‘si’ changed to that of ‘temple’．
答案 D5．Which of the following statements is based on the passage?
A．The White Horse Temple was first listed to receive special local protection.
B．Buddhism spread from India to China.
C．There are few monks studying Buddhist works in the White Horse Temple.
D．In 2005，India and China planned to build a new Indian and Chinese-style pagoda east of the White Horse Temple.
答案 BⅡ.Careful Reading
根据课文内容完成下表，每空一词答案 1.introduction 2.story 3.architecture
4．importanceKey Words
1．He also has twelve reindeer that help him deliver presents on Christmas Eve.他还有十二只帮助在圣诞节前夕分发礼物的驯鹿。
[归纳拓展]
deliver vt.递送，交付；发表(演说等)；解救，释放；接生
deliver sth (over) to sb 把某物交给某人
deliver oneself 自首deliver from从……解救出来，使摆脱
deliver a speech 发表演讲
deliver a message 递送信息
deliver a baby接生婴儿[语境感悟]
(1)The postman 邮递员送信件。
(2)He at the meeting.
他在会上讲了话。
(3)They
她们给这位妇女接生了。delivers letters.delivered a speechdelivered the woman.[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
他们最终消除了他所有的忧虑。
They finally delivered him of all his fear.(2)单项填空
If your order is ready，the T-shirt ________ to you as soon as possible.
A．has delivered B．is delivered
C．will deliver D．will be delivered
答案 D [根据句意，主句应该用一般将来时；deliver 为及物动词，意为“把……送往(某处)”，因此应该用被动语态。]2．They travelled on two white horses，carrying their few possessions，some Buddhist readings and images of Buddha.
他们骑着两匹白马，马上驮着极少的物品以及一些佛经和佛像。
[归纳拓展]
possession n．拥有；占有；财产(常用复数)
possess vt.拥有，占有
one's personal possessions 个人财产be in possession of sth 拥有某物(主语是人)
be in the possession of sb (be in sb's possession)被/为某人所有(主语为物)
take possession of sth as one's own 把……据为己有
come into the possession of sb 落入某人手中
have possession of 拥有[语境感悟]
(1)They lost in the war.
在战争中他们失去了大部分财产。
(2)He was caught stolen goods.
他被抓住，人赃俱获。
(3)The rare stamp now an unknown collector.
那珍奇的邮票现在为一位不知名的收藏家所有。most of their possessionsin possession ofisin the possession of[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①拥有财富就能带来快乐吗？
②他从来就没有多少钱，但他一直有一些好朋友。
Does the possession of wealth bring happiness?He never possessed much money，but he always possessedgood friends.(2)单项填空
—Does the young man standing there ________ the company?
—No.The company is ________ his father.
A．in possession of；in the possession of
B．take possession of；in the possession of
C．take possession of；in possession of
D．have possession of；in possession of
答案 B [sb take possession of sth 某人占有某物；sth be in the possession of sb 某物在某人的控制之下。]3．In the past，these repairs and extensions generally followed times of war and destruction though recent restoration has not been a result of such terrible circumstances.
过去，白马寺的修复与扩建通常是在战争和毁坏之后，但近期的修复工作则不然。[归纳拓展]
circumstance [常pl.](周围的)情况，情形，环境；(人的)境遇，境况；详情；细节
the whole circumstances 前后原委，始末根由
act according to circumstances 随机应变，因时制宜
in bad circumstances 穷困
under all circumstances 无论如何in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下，既然如此
in/under no circumstances意为“决不”，相同意义的词组还有：
in no way(决不) in no case(决不)
at no time(决不) by no means(决不)
这些否定意义的短语用于句首时，要采用部分倒装结构。[语境感悟]
(1) I betray my friends.
在任何情况下我都不背叛我的朋友。
(2)There is you have not mentioned.
还有一个重要的细节你没有提到。
(3)He has plenty of money，which is
他有充足的钱，这是一件幸运的事。Under no circumstances willone important circumstancea fortunate circumstance.[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①中国决不做超级大国。
②我对这种行为丝毫不感到高兴。
At no time will China be Superpower.By no means am I pleased with this behaviour.(2)单项填空
Under no circumstances ________ to move to a new place far away from her workplace，because it isn’t convenient for her family and herself.
A．Karen will agree
B．will Karen agree
C．Karen will disagree
D．will Karen disagree答案 B [句意：对于Karen和Karen的家庭来说搬到远离她的工作地点去住太不方便，所以她决不同意搬家。under no circumstances(决不)用于句首应用倒装结构。根据题意可排除A、C、D三项。]Key Phrases
1．Today，the White Horse Temple complex is centred around a south-facing courtyard that is shaped like a rectangle.
今天，白马寺整座寺庙以一个朝南的长方形庭院为中心。
[归纳拓展]
be centred on/around...以……为中心
centre vt.把……放在中央 n.中心(点)
central adj.中央的，核心的the centre of attention 注意力的焦点
centre attention on 把注意力集中在……
central task 中心任务
central committee 中央委员会
central heating 集中供暖
a central figure 主要人物
central idea of an article文章的主题思想[语境感悟]
(1)In the 16th century，the village life
religion.
十六世纪，村子里的生活是以宗教为中心的。
(2)Much of their work local development.
很多的工作是以当地的发展为核心的。was centred aroundis centred on[即时跟踪]
翻译句子
(1)它位于城市的中心。
(2)北京是中国的政治，经济和文化中心。
It is in the centre of the town.Beijing is the political，economic and cultural centre of China.2．This is the man Father Christmas is based on.
这个人就是圣诞老人的原型。
[归纳拓展]
be based on 以……为根据；建于……之上
base n.基础；底部；基地；据点；(数学)基数；垒,vt.以……作基础basis n.基础，根据；基本原理，基本原则，基准
be based in/at...(公司，项目，总部，部队等)设在/驻扎在某地
off base 完全错误
on the basis of 根据，基于[语境感悟]
(1)The project now Holland.
那个工程现在似乎是总部设在荷兰。
(2)Your idea is completely .
你的观点完全错误。
(3)Friendship should .
友谊应该建立在彼此的尊重上。seems to be based inoff basebe based on(upon) mutual respect[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①科学的理论必须以事实为根据。
②我们以工作成绩作为评估一个工人的根据。
Scientific theories must be based on facts.We judge a worker on the basis of his performance.(2)单项填空
Swan Lake is a famous ballet in four acts，________ on a German fairy tale.
A．is based B．basing
C．based D．bases
答案 C [based on a German fairy tale是过去分词短语作状语，意为“以……为依据”。]3．There are many stories about how St Nicholas gave aid to others.
关于圣尼古拉斯如何帮助别人的有许多传说。
[归纳拓展]
give aid to 给予帮助，给予援助
aid vt.& vi.&n.帮助，救助，支援
first aid 急救
come/go to one's aid 帮助某人；救助某人
with the aid/help of...在……的帮助下without one's aid/help没有某人的帮助
aid sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事
aid sb in/with...为……帮助某人
call in sb's aid 求某人援助
call (sb) to one's aid 求助于(人)，向(人)求援[语境感悟]
(1)They all .
他们都来帮助我。
(2)He the injured man.
他帮助那个受伤的人。
(3)We may travel a good map.
我们可以靠一张好地图去旅行。came to my aidwent to the aid ofwith the aid of[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①一部好词典有助于语言学习。
②他应当能够不用字典就读懂这个。
A good dictionary can aid language learning.He should be able to read this without the aid of a dictionary.(2)单项填空
He is so kind a boy that he always ________ her mother clean the house.
A．aids B．helps
C．assists D．offers
答案 B [aid(help) sb with sth 帮助某人做某事；assist sb in doing sth(to do sth)协助某人做某事；offer sb sth提供某人某事或offer to do sth主动做某事。help后面的结构中不定式能省去to。]Key Structures
1．Over the years，many things have been added to the story of St Nicholas，changing him to the Father Christmas we know of today.
多年以来，很多事情被添加到圣·尼古拉斯的故事里，将他改成了我们现在所知道的圣诞老人。[归纳拓展]
(1)句中changing...we know of today是现在分词短语作结果状语。
(2)现在分词作结果状语是表示伴随谓语动词发生而产生的自然结果(同时发生)，有时在前面加上thus，谓语动词与现在分词的动作是因果关系；一般需用逗号将分词短语与句子隔开。(3)不定式作结果状语时，表示其动作发生在谓语动词之后，往往表示未曾预料到的或令人不快的结果；此时，不定式常与副词only(“不料，结果却”)连用。不定式作结果状语时一般不用逗号将其与句子隔开，但“only＋动词不定式短语”作状语时，通常需用逗号隔开，也可不隔开。[语境感悟]
(1)He hurried home his money stolen.
他匆忙赶到家中，结果发现钱被盗了。
(2)Tom fell from a tall tree， .
汤姆从一个大树上掉下来，摔断了双腿。only to findbreaking both his legs[即时跟踪]
单项填空
(1)More highways have been built in China，________ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.
A．making B．made
C．to make D．having made答案 A [题意为“中国修建的高速公路越来越多，使得人们旅游更加方便。”从语境可知，句子前后两部分有因果关系，句子后半部分是结果状语。句子后半部分有逗号隔开，且没有与only连用，因此“空”处应选用现在分词，即答案为A。如果选用B项，made前需加上并列连词and，使句子前后两部分一起组成并列句。](2)He hurried to the station only ________ that the train had left.
A．to find B．finding
C．found D．to have found
答案 A [题意为“他匆忙赶往车站，结果________ 火车已经出发了。”从语境可判断出，“only ________ that the train had left”在句中作结果状语。句中副词only 表示“不料、结果”，其后需接不定式短语作结果状语，因此“空”处需填充“to find”，即答案为A。find与hurry是同时发生的，find不可用完成时形式，D项应排除。]2．...and reminds people that it was from India that Buddhism came to China two thousand years ago.
并提醒人们两千多年前佛教正是从印度传到了中国。
[归纳拓展]
(1)该句中“that it was from India that...two thousand years
ago”是that引导的名词性从句，作reminds的直接宾
语。其中，“it was from India that...two thousand years
ago”是强调句，强调的是状语“from India”。该句还原
成正常语序为“Buddhism came to China two thousand
years ago”。(2)陈述句的强调句型：It is/was＋被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)＋that/who＋其他部分。强调人时可用that，也可以用who；强调其他成分都用that。
It was the goat's eyes that he had seen in the darkness.他在黑暗中看到的就是这只山羊的眼睛。
(3)一般疑问句式：Is/Was＋it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分？
Was it Tom that your brother met in the park yesterday？昨天你哥哥在公园遇见的是汤姆吗？(4)特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分(通常是疑问代词或疑问副词)＋is/was＋it＋that/who＋其他部分？
When and where was it that you were born?
你是什么时间在哪儿出生的？(5)强调主语时，who或that 后面的谓语形式须与被强调的主语保持一致。
Lily speaks Chinese very well.→It is Lily who/that speaks Chinese very well.
莉莉的汉语讲得很好。
Children like stories.→It is children that like stories.
孩子们喜欢故事。(6)强调句中的be前可用表推测的情态动词must，can，may等。
It must be Piney that sent us this present.
肯定是Piney给我们寄来了这份礼物。(7)被强调部分为时间状语和地点状语时，有可能先接定语从句，再接强调句型，应多加思考，不能混用。
It was on October 1st,1949 when he joined the Party that he was killed.该句的中心不是说明1949年10月1日他入党，而是说1949年10月1日他被杀害，he joined the Party是定语从句，所以，首先是when引导的定语从句，然后是强调句。(8)如何区分强调句和定语从句
强调句和定语从句有时很难区分。在判定它们时可以采取一个简单的方法：如果去掉it和is/was及其that后，它还能构成一个完全独立完整的句子的(有时原被强调的部分需要变换位置，但只是平移，不需要添加任何词汇)，该句为强调句；反之，如果不能构成一个独立的完整句子，则为定语从句。如：“It was John that I met yesterday.”，该句去掉it was 和that后即为“I met John yesterday.”。去掉it was 和that后，句子是完整的句子，因此该句是强调句。I saw swans in the lake yesterday.→It was swans that I saw in the lake yesterday.
昨天我看到在湖里的就是天鹅。
How can it be that he didn't pass the exams?
他考试没有通过怎么可能呢？
It's not only blind men who/that make such stupid mistake.
不仅仅是瞎子会犯这样愚蠢的错误。[即时跟踪]
(1)翻译句子
①它是我昨天买的一本英语书。
②是因为他生病了，他才没来上课的。
It is an English book(that/which) I bought yesterday.It was because he was ill that he was absent from class.(2)单项填空
It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do ________ benefits our work most.
A．who B．which
C．that D．what
答案 C [考查强调句型。It is...that...是强调句型，被强调部分是not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do。句意为“给我们工作带来最大益处的不是我们做了多少，而是我们将多少爱投入到我们所从事的事业中”。]【如何写(半)开放类作文】
(1)“开放作文”是一种限制相对较少、留给考生更多自由发挥空间的、考查学生书面表达能力的一种时新题型。这种题型只给出主题，也就是说只告诉你正在或将要发生什么事情，至于事情发生的过程、结果则完全由考生自己去发挥，考生的思维完全可以发散。所以，考生的思路不同，写出的作文就会是千人千面。近几年来，高考书面表达题在稳定中求发展。它越来越趋向于夹叙夹议的题型，其中最大的特点就在于题目越来越趋向于开放性，给考生以足够的自由发挥和自由想象的空间。今后还可能加大对此类书面表达的考查力度。(2)常见的开放式作文命题形式
①标题式
标题式开放作文的命题形式往往是要求考生围绕一个特定的话题去写作。如：
某校英文报开辟了一个专栏：Experience。本期话题是如何解决学习中遇到的困难。请你以“My Approach to Difficulties in Learning”为题，用英语写一篇短文，谈谈自己的一些做法。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.短文中不能出现本人相关信息。②漫画式
是一种开放性很强的写作，它要求考生根据一幅或几幅漫画所提供的信息叙述一件事情或阐述图画中反映的某种社会现象。
(3)常用句式
▲The picture presents to us that...
▲Recently we held...
▲There is a widespread concern over the issue that...
▲So it is a better choice to...
▲On one hand，I don’t think it is right to...▲Therefore，when we are let down，it is wise to...
▲This kind of phenomenon is not (un) usual in our society.
▲The picture tries to tell us that...
▲What’s more，.../Besides，...
▲Through it，we.../By doing...，we...[即时跟踪]
(2013·江苏卷)请根据你对以下两幅图的理解，以“Actions Speak Louder than Words”为题，用英语写一篇作文。
参考词汇：banner(横幅) stump(树桩)你的作文应包括以下内容：
1．简要描述两幅图的内容；
2．概述你对两幅图中不同做法的理解；
3．举例说明两幅图对你的启示。
注意：1.可参照图片适当发挥；
2．作文词数150左右；
3．作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。
一、认真审图，读懂寓意
二、认真审题，合理谋篇
1．时态：一般现在时和现在进行时为主，必要时用情态动词。
2．人称：第三人称和第一人称灵活运用。
3．目的：揭示图画的寓意，发表自己的看法。【写作步骤】三、列出要点，初步成稿
1．In picture 1，a man is trying to put up a banner on a lonely tree and it is surrounded by stumps.
2．In the second picture，a couple are planting trees.
3．Shall we just say or take measures to protect it?
4．We should take immediate actions to make the environment better，such as stopping cutting down trees.5．It is good to give books and sports goods to children in need.
6．We should follow traffic rules strictly and voluntarily and never complain about traffic jams.【参考范文】
Actions Speak Louder than Words
People celebrate Earth Day differently.In Picture 1，a man is trying to put up a banner on a lonely tree surrounded by stumps，but in vain，while Picture 2 shows a couple are happily planting trees.The message conveyed here is clear：“Actions speak louder than words.”Our earth is suffering severe damage.Should we just pay lip service or take practical measures to protect it？The answer is definitely the latter.Immediate actions should be taken，like stopping cutting down trees，to better the environment.Actions are important in other fields，too.Instead of shouting empty slogans，it is more meaningful to donate books and sports goods to children in need.We should strictly and voluntarily follow traffic rules，stopping at the red light rather than complaining about traffic jams.Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish.再见
